1
|
Dos Santos DF, Alves V, Costa E, Martins A, Vieira AFF, Dos Santos GHF, Francisco CTDP, Pinto VZ. Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) Processing and Extraction: Retention of Bioactive Compounds. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 78:526-532. [PMID: 37466823 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01082-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Ilex paraguariensis is a native tree from South America known for the presence of bioactive compounds, and its processed leaves are consumed as hot and cold infusions. After harvest (step 1), the leaves are subjected to flame blanching to inactive the enzymes (step 2), followed by drying and milling (step 3). The impacts of I. paraguariensis processing on leaf composition were investigated by extracting the major compounds (chlorogenic and isochlorogenic acids (3-CQA, 4-CQA, 5-CQA, 3,4-DQA, 3,5-DQA and 4,5-DQA), p-coumaric acid, caffeine and rutin) using different ratios of ethanol and water as extraction solvent (EW 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25 (w/w)). The solvent ratio of EW 50:50 was more effective in extracting the chlorogenic acids isomers, with retention of chlorogenic acids of 3463, 9485, and 9516 µg mL- 1 for steps 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Rutin and p-coumaric acid exhibited similar behavior with the increment of processing steps; however, p-coumaric acid was only detected in steps 2 and 3 for the solvent ratios EW 50:50 and 25:50. The caffeine extraction from I. paraguariensis varied from 936 to 1170 µg mL- 1 for all processing steps, with emphasis on its concentration extracted in step 1. The evolution of processing steps led to a higher retention of phenolic compounds from I. paraguariensis, which was not observed when using different solvent ratios, and the solvent ratio EW 50:50 was more effective for the extraction of chlorogenic acids. The successful extraction of chlorogenic acids from I. paraguariensis in this study proved to be a promising alternative for the use of yerba mate beyond the cuia cup.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Fernando Dos Santos
- Engenharia de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Laranjeiras do Sul, Paraná, 85301970, Brazil
| | - Vandressa Alves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química Aplicada, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste (Unicentro), Guarapuava, Paraná, 85.040-080, Brazil
| | - Edlaine Costa
- Engenharia de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Laranjeiras do Sul, Paraná, 85301970, Brazil
| | - André Martins
- Engenharia de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Laranjeiras do Sul, Paraná, 85301970, Brazil
| | - Alexia Flavia França Vieira
- Engenharia de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Laranjeiras do Sul, Paraná, 85301970, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Henrique Fidelis Dos Santos
- Engenharia de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Laranjeiras do Sul, Paraná, 85301970, Brazil
| | - Cátia Tavares Dos Passos Francisco
- Engenharia de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Laranjeiras do Sul, Paraná, 85301970, Brazil
| | - Vânia Zanella Pinto
- Engenharia de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Laranjeiras do Sul, Paraná, 85301970, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Giraldo Pineda C, Yamul DK, Navarro AS. Effect of flaxseed ( Linum usitatissimum L.) flour and yerba mate ( Ilex paraguariensis) extract on physicochemical and sensory properties of a gluten free corn-based snack. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 58:3890-3901. [PMID: 34471313 PMCID: PMC8357932 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04850-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) and yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) are particularly interesting as functional ingredients due to their high content of essential omega 3-fatty acids and antioxidant properties, respectively. The objective of this work was to formulate a corn snack enriched with flaxseed flour and yerba mate extract and evaluate its physicochemical and sensory properties. Flaxseed flour, added at three levels 1, 3 and 5%, increased the water activity, moisture content and cohesiveness, and decreased the hardness and plastic deformation of the samples. The flour also changed the superficial colour and made the microstructure more compact. On the contrary, yerba mate extract (1 and 3%) decreased the water activity, moisture content and cohesiveness, counteracting the effect of flaxseed flour. Yerba mate increased the plastic deformation and the antioxidant activity of the snacks. The colour was not modified and the microstructure was more fragmented in the presence of yerba mate. Sensory evaluation suggested that flaxseed flour and yerba mate affected the flavour but did not modify the colour and crunchiness of the product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Giraldo Pineda
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (CIDCA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP - CCT La Plata - CONICET, 47 y 116, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Diego K. Yamul
- Departamento de Tecnología y Calidad de Los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNICEN, CCT Tandil-CONICET, Campus universitario, 7000, Tandil, Argentina
| | - Alba S. Navarro
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (CIDCA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP - CCT La Plata - CONICET, 47 y 116, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
- Facultad de Ingeniería, UNLP, 1 y 47, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schenk M, Ferrario M, Schmalko M, Rivero R, Taravini I, Guerrero S. Development of extracts obtained from yerba mate leaves with different industrial processing steps: Antimicrobial capacity, antioxidant properties, and induced damage. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Schenk
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Industrias Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos (ITAPROQ) CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Mariana Ferrario
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Industrias Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos (ITAPROQ) CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Miguel Schmalko
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Exactas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de Misiones Posadas Argentina
| | - Roy Rivero
- Facultad de Bromatología Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos Gualeguaychú Argentina
| | - Irene Taravini
- Facultad de Bromatología Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos Gualeguaychú Argentina
| | - Sandra Guerrero
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Industrias Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos (ITAPROQ) CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Active food additive based on encapsulated yerba mate ( Ilex paraguariensis) extract: effect of drying methods on the oxidative stability of a real food matrix (mayonnaise). Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 58:1574-1584. [PMID: 33746284 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04669-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The drying process used to obtain active food additives is critical to ensure its functionality. In this study, freeze- and spray-drying techniques were evaluated for encapsulation of extracts with antioxidant activity from yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis), using maltodextrin (MD) as wall material. Additionally, the oxidative stability in a real food matrix (mayonnaise) was assessed. Both MD addition and drying methods affected the physical properties [moisture content, water activity (aW)] and oxidative stability. MD addition diminished moisture content and prevented polyphenol compounds from degradation. The spray-dried powders displayed the lowest moisture content (1.6 ± 0.3% bs), the highest polyphenol content (135.4 mg GAE/g pure extract), and oxidative stability than the freeze-dried samples. The antioxidant capacity of the encapsulated powder subjected to spray-drying increased the oxidative stability of the mayonnaise (258 ± 32 min) more than the other assayed system (165 ± 5 min). Therefore, a natural spray-dried antioxidant food additive was obtained with potential use in the food industry.
Collapse
|
5
|
Armendáriz-Barragán B, Zafar N, Badri W, Galindo-Rodríguez SA, Kabbaj D, Fessi H, Elaissari A. Plant extracts: from encapsulation to application. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 13:1165-75. [PMID: 27139509 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1182487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Plants are a natural source of various products with diverse biological activities offering treatment for several diseases. Plant extract is a complex mixture of compounds, which can have antioxidant, antibiotic, antiviral, anticancer, antiparasitic, antifungal, hypoglycemic, anti-hypertensive and insecticide properties. The extraction of these extracts requires the use of organic solvents, which not only complicates the formulations but also makes it difficult to directly use the extracts for humans. To overcome these problems, recent research has been focused on developing new ways to formulate the plant extracts and delivering them safely with enhanced therapeutic efficacy. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on the research done in the development and use of polymeric nanoparticles for the encapsulation and administration of plant extracts. It describes in detail, the different encapsulation techniques, main physicochemical characteristics of the nanoparticles, toxicity tests and results obtained from in vivo or in vitro assays. EXPERT OPINION Major obstacles associated with the use of plant extracts for clinical applications include their complex composition, toxicity risks and extract instability. It is observed that encapsulation can be successfully used to decrease plant extracts toxicity, to provide targeted drug delivery and to solve stability related problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Armendáriz-Barragán
- a Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas , Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León , San Nicolás de los Garza , México.,b Laboratoire d'Automatique et des Génie des Procédés (ESCPE, CNRS UMR 5007) , Université Claude Bernard Lyon I , Villeurbanne , France
| | - Nadiah Zafar
- b Laboratoire d'Automatique et des Génie des Procédés (ESCPE, CNRS UMR 5007) , Université Claude Bernard Lyon I , Villeurbanne , France
| | - Waisudin Badri
- b Laboratoire d'Automatique et des Génie des Procédés (ESCPE, CNRS UMR 5007) , Université Claude Bernard Lyon I , Villeurbanne , France
| | - Sergio Arturo Galindo-Rodríguez
- a Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas , Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León , San Nicolás de los Garza , México
| | - Dounia Kabbaj
- c Department of Agronomy and Life Science, Universiapolis , International University of Agadir , Agadir , Morocco
| | - Hatem Fessi
- b Laboratoire d'Automatique et des Génie des Procédés (ESCPE, CNRS UMR 5007) , Université Claude Bernard Lyon I , Villeurbanne , France
| | - Abdelhamid Elaissari
- b Laboratoire d'Automatique et des Génie des Procédés (ESCPE, CNRS UMR 5007) , Université Claude Bernard Lyon I , Villeurbanne , France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bartosz T, Irene T. Polyphenols encapsulation – application of innovation technologies to improve stability of natural products. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2015-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
7
|
Kassem AA, Farid RM, Issa DAE, Khalil DS, Abd-El-Razzak MY, Saudi HI, Eltokhey HM, El-Zamarany EA. Development of mucoadhesive microbeads using thiolated sodium alginate for intrapocket delivery of resveratrol. Int J Pharm 2015; 487:305-13. [PMID: 25865569 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol (Res), a polyphenolic phytoalexin, had shown a promising therapeutic efficacy towards treatment of periodontal disease in vitro. This work aims to develop Res microbeads with strong mucoadhesion using thiolated alginate (TA) for local treatment of periodontal pockets. TA was synthesized by conjugating sodium alginate (A) with thioglycolic acid. Product was evaluated by IR and DSC. Both A and A:TA Res microbeads with different ratios were prepared by ionotropic gelation method. Formulations were evaluated regarding their entrapment efficiency (%EE), swelling index (SI), in vitro drug release and kinetics. Selected formula was examined for its mucoadhesion by ex vivo wash-off method, surface morphology using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and stability against light. Clinical evaluation is running.Formation of TA was confirmed. %EE for all formulations ranged from 83.72 to 104.54%. Results revealed a significant lower SI for TA rich formulation (A/TA 1:1) along with slower release rate and zero-order kinetics, in addition to powerful mucoadhesion; 26% remaining of microbeads after 1h, compared to 2% for A microbeads. SEM micrographs showed a rough surface with drug precipitation. The formula maintained its %EE after 5h exposure to direct sunlight. A/TA 1:1 mucoadhesive Res microbeads could be exploited as a prolonged drug release devices for intrapocket application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Ahmed Kassem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Ragwa Mohamed Farid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Doaa Ahmed Elsayed Issa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Doaa Said Khalil
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mona Yehia Abd-El-Razzak
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hussein Ibrahim Saudi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | | |
Collapse
|