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Pettinelli S, Pérez-Gonzàlez C, Salvo-Comino C, Mencarelli F, Garcia-Cabezón C, Rodriguez-Mendez ML. High-performance bioelectronic tongue for the simultaneous analysis of phenols, sugars and organic acids in wines. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023. [PMID: 38012060 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electronic tongues have been widely used to analyze wines. However, owing to the complexity of the matrix, the problem is not completely solved and further improvements are required. RESULTS A high-performance potentiometric bioelectronic tongue (bio-ET) specifically devoted to the assessment of wine components is presented. The novelty of this system is due to two innovative approaches. First, the improved performance is obtained through the use of potentiometric biosensors based on carboxylated polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membranes, where enzymes (glucose oxidase, tyrosinase, laccase, and lyase) specific to compounds of interest are linked covalently. Second, the performance is further enhanced by introducing electron mediators (gold nanoparticles or copper phthalocyanine) into the PVC membrane to facilitate the electron transfer process. Individual sensors exposed to target analytes (glucose, catechol, cysteine, or tartaric acid) show a linear behavior, with limits of detection in the region of 10-4 mol L-1 for all the compounds analyzed, with excellent reproducibility (coefficient of variation lower than 3%). Sensors combined to form a bio-ET show excellent capabilities. Principal component (PC) analysis can discriminate monovarietal white wines (PC1 77%; PC2 15%) and red wines (PC1 63%; PC2 30%). Using partial least squares, the bio-ET can provide information about chemical parameters, including glucose, total polyphenols, total anthocyanins, free and total sulfur dioxide, total acidity, and pH with R2 between 0.91 and 0.98 in calibration and between 0.89 and 0.98 in validation. CONCLUSIONS This advanced instrument is able to assess the levels of seven parameters in a single measurement, providing an advantageous method to the wine industry. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Pettinelli
- DAFE, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Group UVASENS, Engineers Industrial School, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Clara Pérez-Gonzàlez
- Group UVASENS, Engineers Industrial School, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Materials Science, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Coral Salvo-Comino
- Group UVASENS, Engineers Industrial School, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- BioecoUVA Research Institute, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Engineers Industrial School, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Fabio Mencarelli
- DAFE, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Garcia-Cabezón
- Group UVASENS, Engineers Industrial School, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Materials Science, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- BioecoUVA Research Institute, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Maria Luz Rodriguez-Mendez
- Group UVASENS, Engineers Industrial School, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- BioecoUVA Research Institute, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Engineers Industrial School, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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2
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Pilvenyte G, Ratautaite V, Boguzaite R, Ramanavicius S, Chen CF, Viter R, Ramanavicius A. Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Electrochemical Sensors for the Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:620. [PMID: 37366985 DOI: 10.3390/bios13060620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The appearance of biological molecules, so-called biomarkers in body fluids at abnormal concentrations, is considered a good tool for detecting disease. Biomarkers are usually looked for in the most common body fluids, such as blood, nasopharyngeal fluids, urine, tears, sweat, etc. Even with significant advances in diagnostic technology, many patients with suspected infections receive empiric antimicrobial therapy rather than appropriate treatment, which is driven by rapid identification of the infectious agent, leading to increased antimicrobial resistance. To positively impact healthcare, new tests are needed that are pathogen-specific, easy to use, and produce results quickly. Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based biosensors can achieve these general goals and have enormous potential for disease detection. This article aimed to overview recent articles dedicated to electrochemical sensors modified with MIP to detect protein-based biomarkers of certain infectious diseases in human beings, particularly the biomarkers of infectious diseases, such as HIV-1, COVID-19, Dengue virus, and others. Some biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) found in blood tests, are not specific for a particular disease but are used to identify any inflammation process in the body and are also under consideration in this review. Other biomarkers are specific to a particular disease, e.g., SARS-CoV-2-S spike glycoprotein. This article analyzes the development of electrochemical sensors using molecular imprinting technology and the used materials' influence. The research methods, the application of different electrodes, the influence of the polymers, and the established detection limits are reviewed and compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Pilvenyte
- Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University (VU), Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Ratautaite
- Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University (VU), Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Raimonda Boguzaite
- Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University (VU), Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Simonas Ramanavicius
- Department of Electrochemical Material Science, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Chien-Fu Chen
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan
| | - Roman Viter
- Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., LV-1586 Riga, Latvia
- Center for Collective Use of Scientific Equipment, Sumy State University, 31, Sanatornaya st., 40018 Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University (VU), Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
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3
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Detection of Escherichia coli in Food Samples by Magnetosome-based Biosensor. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-022-0235-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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4
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Liu J, Xu Y, Liu S, Yu S, Yu Z, Low SS. Application and Progress of Chemometrics in Voltammetric Biosensing. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12070494. [PMID: 35884297 PMCID: PMC9313226 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The voltammetric electrochemical sensing method combined with biosensors and multi-sensor systems can quickly, accurately, and reliably analyze the concentration of the main analyte and the overall characteristics of complex samples. Simultaneously, the high-dimensional voltammogram contains the rich electrochemical features of the detected substances. Chemometric methods are important tools for mining valuable information from voltammetric data. Chemometrics can aid voltammetric biosensor calibration and multi-element detection in complex matrix conditions. This review introduces the voltammetric analysis techniques commonly used in the research of voltammetric biosensor and electronic tongues. Then, the research on optimizing voltammetric biosensor results using classical chemometrics is summarized. At the same time, the incorporation of machine learning and deep learning has brought new opportunities to further improve the detection performance of biosensors in complex samples. Finally, smartphones connected with miniaturized voltammetric biosensors and chemometric methods provide a high-quality portable analysis platform that shows great potential in point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- College of Automation Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China; (Y.X.); (S.L.); (S.Y.)
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (S.S.L.)
| | - Yifei Xu
- College of Automation Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China; (Y.X.); (S.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shikun Liu
- College of Automation Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China; (Y.X.); (S.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shixin Yu
- College of Automation Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China; (Y.X.); (S.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Zhirun Yu
- College of Law, The Australian National University, Canberra 2600, Australia;
| | - Sze Shin Low
- Research Centre of Life Science and HealthCare, China Beacons Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang East Road, Ningbo 315100, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (S.S.L.)
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5
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Bonet-San-Emeterio M, Felipe Montiel N, del Valle M. Graphene for the Building of Electroanalytical Enzyme-Based Biosensors. Application to the Inhibitory Detection of Emerging Pollutants. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11082094. [PMID: 34443924 PMCID: PMC8400611 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Graphene and its derivates offer a wide range of possibilities in the electroanalysis field, mainly owing to their biocompatibility, low-cost, and easy tuning. This work reports the development of an enzymatic biosensor using reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as a key nanomaterial for the detection of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs). RGO was obtained from the electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO), an intermediate previously synthesized in the laboratory by a wet chemistry top-down approach. The extensive characterization of this material was carried out to evaluate its proper inclusion in the biosensor arrangement. The results demonstrated the presence of GO or RGO and their correct integration on the sensor surface. The detection of CECs was carried out by modifying the graphene platform with a laccase enzyme, turning the sensor into a more selective and sensitive device. Laccase was linked covalently to RGO using the remaining carboxylic groups of the reduction step and the carbodiimide reaction. After the calibration and characterization of the biosensor versus catechol, a standard laccase substrate, EDTA and benzoic acid were detected satisfactorily as inhibiting agents of the enzyme catalysis obtaining inhibition constants for EDTA and benzoic acid of 25 and 17 mmol·L−1, respectively, and a maximum inhibition percentage of the 25% for the EDTA and 60% for the benzoic acid.
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6
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Geană EI, Artem V, Apetrei C. Discrimination and classification of wines based on polypyrrole modified screen-printed carbon electrodes coupled with multivariate data analysis. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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7
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Golkarieh AM, Nasirizadeh N, Jahanmardi R. Fabrication of an electrochemical sensor with Au nanorods-graphene oxide hybrid nanocomposites for in situ measurement of cloxacillin. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111317. [PMID: 33254958 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, considering the increasing use of antibiotics, and their continued entry into the environment, extensive research has been conducted on the impact of antibiotics on human health, water resources, and the environment. In this study, a suitable method has been proposed for detecting and elimination the trace amounts of the antibiotic cloxacillin in aqueous. For identify trace amounts of cloxacillin in solution, a new electrochemical nanosensor based on a screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) modified with gold nanorods/graphene oxide was proposed. This nanosensor, which was prepared by self-assembling method, was capable of measuring cloxacillin in the 5.0-775.0 nM with a detection limit of 1.6 nM. In order to reduce the amount of antibiotics in the environment, a novel carbon nanocomposite based on sol-gel method was prepared and its application as a high-capacity adsorbent for the removal of cloxacillin was studied. In the antibiotic removal experiments, the effect of pH, contact time, different mass ratios of SWCNT and amount of nanocomposite adsorbent were also optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). The prepared nanosensor and synthesized carbon nanocomposites were then characterized by commonly identical techniques involve SEM, EDAX, BET and FT-IR. The presented nanosensor was successfully used for the in situ determination of Clox in adsorptive tests with reliable recovery. As well, the AuNR/GO/SPC electrode presented well stability, repeatability and reproducibility. In addition, good performance and high adsorption capacity make developed adsorbent as a suitable case for the removal of water-soluble pharmaceutical contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir-Mohammad Golkarieh
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Nasirizadeh
- Department of Textile and Polymer Engineering, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Reza Jahanmardi
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Wine varietal discrimination and classification using a voltammetric sensor array based on modified screen-printed electrodes in conjunction with chemometric analysis. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Optimization of Sensors to be Used in a Voltammetric Electronic Tongue Based on Clustering Metrics. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20174798. [PMID: 32854411 PMCID: PMC7506631 DOI: 10.3390/s20174798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Herein we investigate the usage of principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical variate analysis (CVA), in combination with the F factor clustering metric, for the a priori tailored selection of the optimal sensor array for a given electronic tongue (ET) application. The former allows us to visually compare the performance of the different sensors, while the latter allows us to numerically assess the impact that the inclusion/removal of the different sensors has on the discrimination ability of the ET. The proposed methodology is based on the measurement of a pure stock solution of each of the compounds under study, and the posterior analysis by PCA/CVA with stepwise iterative removal of the sensors that demote the clustering when retained as part of the array. To illustrate and assess the potential of such an approach, the quantification of paracetamol, ascorbic acid, and uric acid mixtures were chosen as the study case. Initially, an array of eight different electrodes was considered, from which an optimal array of four sensors was derived to build the quantitative ANN model. Finally, the performance of the optimized ET was benchmarked against the results previously reported for the analysis of the same mixtures, showing improved performance.
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10
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Martynko E, Kirsanov D. Application of Chemometrics in Biosensing: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2020; 10:E100. [PMID: 32824611 PMCID: PMC7460467 DOI: 10.3390/bios10080100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The field of biosensing is rapidly developing, and the number of novel sensor architectures and different sensing elements is growing fast. One of the most important features of all biosensors is their very high selectivity stemming from the use of bioreceptor recognition elements. The typical calibration of a biosensor requires simple univariate regression to relate a response value with an analyte concentration. Nevertheless, dealing with complex real-world sample matrices may sometimes lead to undesired interference effects from various components. This is where chemometric tools can do a good job in extracting relevant information, improving selectivity, circumventing a non-linearity in a response. This brief review aims to discuss the motivation for the application of chemometric tools in biosensing and provide some examples of such applications from the recent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dmitry Kirsanov
- Applied Chemometrics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 198504 Peterhoff, Russia;
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11
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Electrochemical Sensors Coupled with Multivariate Statistical Analysis as Screening Tools for Wine Authentication Issues: A Review. CHEMOSENSORS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors8030059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Consumers are increasingly interested in the characteristics of the products they consume, including aroma, taste, and appearance, and hence, scientific research was conducted in order to develop electronic senses devices that mimic the human senses. Thanks to the utilization of electroanalytical techniques that used various sensors modified with different electroactive materials coupled with pattern recognition methods, artificial senses such as electronic tongues (ETs) are widely applied in food analysis for quality and authenticity approaches. This paper summarizes the applications of electrochemical sensors (voltammetric, amperometric, and potentiometric) coupled with unsupervised and supervised pattern recognition methods (principal components analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), partial least square (PLS) regression, artificial neural network (ANN)) for wine authenticity assessments including the discrimination of varietal and geographical origins, monitoring the ageing processes, vintage year discrimination, and detection of frauds and adulterations. Different wine electrochemical authentication methodologies covering the electrochemical techniques, electrodes types, functionalization sensitive materials and multivariate statistical analysis are emphasized and the main advantages and disadvantages of using the proposed methodologies for real applications were concluded.
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12
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Analysis of red wines using an electronic tongue and infrared spectroscopy. Correlations with phenolic content and color parameters. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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13
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Wasilewski T, Kamysz W, Gębicki J. Bioelectronic tongue: Current status and perspectives. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 150:111923. [PMID: 31787451 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the course of evolution, nature has endowed humans with systems for the recognition of a wide range of tastes with a sensitivity and selectivity which are indispensable for the evaluation of edibility and flavour attributes. Inspiration by a biological sense of taste has become a basis for the design of instruments, operation principles and parameters enabling to mimic the unique properties of their biological precursors. In response to the demand for fast, sensitive and selective techniques of flavouring analysis, devices belonging to the group of bioelectronic tongues (B-ETs) have been designed. They combine achievements of chemometric analysis employed for many years in electronic tongues (ETs), with unique properties of bio-inspired materials, such as natural taste receptors (TRs) regarding receptor/ligand affinity. Investigations of the efficiency of the prototype devices create new application possibilities and suggest successful implementation in real applications. With advances in the field of biotechnology, microfluidics and nanotechnologies, many exciting developments have been made in the design of B-ETs in the last five years or so. The presented characteristics of the recent design solutions, application possibilities, critical evaluation of potentialities and limitations as well as the outline of further development prospects related to B-ETs should contribute to the systematisation and expansion of our knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Wasilewski
- Medical University of Gdansk, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland, Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Kamysz
- Medical University of Gdansk, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland, Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jacek Gębicki
- Gdańsk University of Technology, Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
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14
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Garcia-Hernandez C, Garcia-Cabezon C, Martin-Pedrosa F, Rodriguez-Mendez ML. Analysis of musts and wines by means of a bio-electronic tongue based on tyrosinase and glucose oxidase using polypyrrole/gold nanoparticles as the electron mediator. Food Chem 2019; 289:751-756. [PMID: 30955676 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.03.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A bioelectronic tongue (bioET) based on combinations of enzymes (tyrosinase and glucose oxidase) and polypyrrole (Ppy) or polypyrrole/AuNP (Ppy/AuNP) composites was build up and applied to the analysis and discrimination of musts and wines. Voltammetric responses of the array of sensors demonstrated the effectiveness of polymers as electron mediators and the existence of favorable synergistic effects between Ppy and the AuNPs. Using Principal Component Analysis and Parallel Factor Analysis it was possible to discriminate musts according to the °Brix and TPI (Total Polyphenol Index), and wines according to the alcoholic degree and TPI. Partial Least Squares provided good correlations between the bioET output and traditional chemical parameters. Moreover, Support Vector Machines permitted to predict the TPI and the alcoholic degree of wines, from data provided by the bioET in the corresponding grapes. This result opens the possibility to predict wine characteristics from the beginning of the vinification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Garcia-Hernandez
- Group UVaSens, Engineers School, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - C Garcia-Cabezon
- Group UVaSens, Engineers School, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - F Martin-Pedrosa
- Group UVaSens, Engineers School, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - M L Rodriguez-Mendez
- Group UVaSens, Engineers School, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
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15
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Ghasemi-Varnamkhasti M, Apetrei C, Lozano J, Anyogu A. Potential use of electronic noses, electronic tongues and biosensors as multisensor systems for spoilage examination in foods. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Salvo-Comino C, García-Hernández C, García-Cabezón C, Rodríguez-Méndez ML. Discrimination of Milks with a Multisensor System Based on Layer-by-Layer Films. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 18:E2716. [PMID: 30126183 PMCID: PMC6111749 DOI: 10.3390/s18082716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A nanostructured electrochemical bi-sensor system for the analysis of milks has been developed using the layer-by-layer technique. The non-enzymatic sensor [CHI+IL/CuPcS]₂, is a layered material containing a negative film of the anionic sulfonated copper phthalocyanine (CuPcS) acting as electrocatalytic material, and a cationic layer containing a mixture of an ionic liquid (IL) (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate) that enhances the conductivity, and chitosan (CHI), that facilitates the enzyme immobilization. The biosensor ([CHI+IL/CuPcS]₂-GAO) results from the immobilization of galactose oxidase on the top of the LbL layers. FTIR, UV⁻vis, and AFM have confirmed the proposed structure and cyclic voltammetry has demonstrated the amplification caused by the combination of materials in the film. Sensors have been combined to form an electronic tongue for milk analysis. Principal component analysis has revealed the ability of the sensor system to discriminate between milk samples with different lactose content. Using a PLS-1 calibration models, correlations have been found between the voltammetric signals and chemical parameters measured by classical methods. PLS-1 models provide excellent correlations with lactose content. Additional information about other components, such as fats, proteins, and acidity, can also be obtained. The method developed is simple, and the short response time permits its use in assaying milk samples online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coral Salvo-Comino
- Group UVaSens, Engineers School, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
- BioecoUVA Institute, Engineers School, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Celia García-Hernández
- Group UVaSens, Engineers School, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
- BioecoUVA Institute, Engineers School, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Cristina García-Cabezón
- Group UVaSens, Engineers School, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
- BioecoUVA Institute, Engineers School, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Maria Luz Rodríguez-Méndez
- Group UVaSens, Engineers School, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
- BioecoUVA Institute, Engineers School, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
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17
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Muñoz R, García-Hernández C, Medina-Plaza C, García-Cabezón C, Fernández-Escudero JA, Barajas E, Medrano G, Rodriguez-Méndez ML. A different approach for the analysis of grapes: Using the skin as sensing element. Food Res Int 2018; 107:544-550. [PMID: 29580518 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, an alternative method to monitor the phenolic maturity of grapes was developed. In this approach, the skins of grapes were used to cover the surface of carbon paste electrodes and the voltammetric signals obtained with the skin-modified sensors were used to obtain information about the phenolic content of the skins. These sensors could easily detect differences in the phenolic composition of different Spanish varieties of grapes (Mencía, Prieto Picudo and Juan García). Moreover, sensors were able to monitor changes in the phenolic content throughout the ripening process from véraison until harvest. Using PLS-1 (Partial Least Squares), correlations were established between the voltammetric signals registered with the skin-modified sensors and the phenolic content measured by classical methods (Glories or Total Polyphenol Index). PLS-1 models provided additional information about Brix degree, density or sugar content, which usually used to establish the harvesting date. The quality of the correlations was influenced by the maturation process and the structural and mechanical skin properties. Thus the skin sensors fabricated with Juan García and Prieto Picudo grapes (that showed faster polyphenolic maturation and a higher amount of extractable polyphenols than Mencía), showed good correlations and therefore could be used to monitor the ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Muñoz
- Group of Sensors UVASENS, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Dept. Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - J A Fernández-Escudero
- Estación Enológica de Castilla y León, C/Santísimo Cristo, 26, 47490 Rueda, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Enrique Barajas
- ITACYL Avenida de Burgos, KM.118, Finca Zamadueñas, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Germán Medrano
- R&D Dept. Bodega Cooperativa de Cigales, C/Las Bodegas, s/n, 47270 Cigales, Valladolid, Spain
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Square wave voltammetric analysis of polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of red wines using glassy carbon and disposable carbon nanotubes modified screen-printed electrodes. Eur Food Res Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-018-3038-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Wei Z, Yang Y, Wang J, Zhang W, Ren Q. The measurement principles, working parameters and configurations of voltammetric electronic tongues and its applications for foodstuff analysis. J FOOD ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Trojanowicz M. Impact of nanotechnology on design of advanced screen-printed electrodes for different analytical applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Śliwińska M, Garcia-Hernandez C, Kościński M, Dymerski T, Wardencki W, Namieśnik J, Śliwińska-Bartkowiak M, Jurga S, Garcia-Cabezon C, Rodriguez-Mendez ML. Discrimination of Apple Liqueurs (Nalewka) Using a Voltammetric Electronic Tongue, UV-Vis and Raman Spectroscopy. SENSORS 2016; 16:s16101654. [PMID: 27735832 PMCID: PMC5087442 DOI: 10.3390/s16101654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The capability of a phthalocyanine-based voltammetric electronic tongue to analyze strong alcoholic beverages has been evaluated and compared with the performance of spectroscopic techniques coupled to chemometrics. Nalewka Polish liqueurs prepared from five apple varieties have been used as a model of strong liqueurs. Principal Component Analysis has demonstrated that the best discrimination between liqueurs prepared from different apple varieties is achieved using the e-tongue and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Raman spectra coupled to chemometrics have not been efficient in discriminating liqueurs. The calculated Euclidean distances and the k-Nearest Neighbors algorithm (kNN) confirmed these results. The main advantage of the e-tongue is that, using PLS-1, good correlations have been found simultaneously with the phenolic content measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu method (R² of 0.97 in calibration and R² of 0.93 in validation) and also with the density, a marker of the alcoholic content method (R² of 0.93 in calibration and R² of 0.88 in validation). UV-Vis coupled with chemometrics has shown good correlations only with the phenolic content (R² of 0.99 in calibration and R² of 0.99 in validation) but correlations with the alcoholic content were low. Raman coupled with chemometrics has shown good correlations only with density (R² of 0.96 in calibration and R² of 0.85 in validation). In summary, from the three holistic methods evaluated to analyze strong alcoholic liqueurs, the voltammetric electronic tongue using phthalocyanines as sensing elements is superior to Raman or UV-Vis techniques because it shows an excellent discrimination capability and remarkable correlations with both antioxidant capacity and alcoholic content-the most important parameters to be measured in this type of liqueurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Śliwińska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Engineers School, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Celia Garcia-Hernandez
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Engineers School, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Mikołaj Kościński
- The NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Dymerski
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Waldemar Wardencki
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Jacek Namieśnik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Śliwińska-Bartkowiak
- The NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Stefan Jurga
- The NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Cristina Garcia-Cabezon
- Department of Materials Science, Engineers School, University of Valladolid, Valladolid 47011, Spain.
| | - Maria Luz Rodriguez-Mendez
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Engineers School, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
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Hu W, Sun DW, Pu H, Pan T. Recent Developments in Methods and Techniques for Rapid Monitoring of Sugar Metabolism in Fruits. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2016; 15:1067-1079. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Hu
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China Univ. of Technology; Guangzhou 510641 P. R. China
- Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center; South China Univ. of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Da-Wen Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China Univ. of Technology; Guangzhou 510641 P. R. China
- Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center; South China Univ. of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
- Food Refrigeration and Computerized Food Technology, Univ. College Dublin, Agriculture and Food Science Centre; Natl. Univ. of Ireland; Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - Hongbin Pu
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China Univ. of Technology; Guangzhou 510641 P. R. China
- Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center; South China Univ. of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Tingtiao Pan
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China Univ. of Technology; Guangzhou 510641 P. R. China
- Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center; South China Univ. of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
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23
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del Valle M. Bioelectronic Tongues Employing Electrochemical Biosensors. TRENDS IN BIOELECTROANALYSIS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/11663_2016_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Bioelectronic tongues: New trends and applications in water and food analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 79:608-26. [PMID: 26761617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.12.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Over the last years, there has been an increasing demand for fast, highly sensitive and selective methods of analysis to meet new challenges in environmental monitoring, food safety and public health. In response to this demand, biosensors have arisen as a promising tool, which offers accurate chemical data in a timely and cost-effective manner. However, the difficulty to obtain sensors with appropriate selectivity and sensitivity for a given analyte, and to solve analytical problems which do not require the quantification of a certain analyte, but an overall effect on a biological system (e.g. toxicity, quality indices, provenance, freshness, etc.), led to the concept of electronic tongues as a new strategy to tackle these problems. In this direction, to improve the performance of electronic tongues, and thus to spawn new application fields, biosensors have recently been incorporated to electronic tongue arrays, leading to what is known as bioelectronic tongues. Bioelectronic tongues provide superior performance by combining the capabilities of electronic tongues to derive meaning from complex or imprecise data, and the high selectivity and specificity of biosensors. The result is postulated as a tool that exploits chemometrics to solve biosensors' interference problems, and biosensors to solve electronic tongues' selectivity problems. The review presented herein aims to illustrate the capabilities of bioelectronic tongues as analytical tools, especially suited for screening analysis, with particular emphasis in water analysis and the characterization of food and beverages. After briefly reviewing the key concepts related to the design and principles of electronic tongues, we provide an overview of significant contributions to the field of bioelectronic tongues and their future perspectives.
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