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Flieger J, Raszewska-Famielec M, Radzikowska-Büchner E, Flieger W. Skin Protection by Carotenoid Pigments. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1431. [PMID: 38338710 PMCID: PMC10855854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Sunlight, despite its benefits, can pose a threat to the skin, which is a natural protective barrier. Phototoxicity caused by overexposure, especially to ultraviolet radiation (UVR), results in burns, accelerates photoaging, and causes skin cancer formation. Natural substances of plant origin, i.e., polyphenols, flavonoids, and photosynthetic pigments, can protect the skin against the effects of radiation, acting not only as photoprotectors like natural filters but as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory remedies, alleviating the effects of photodamage to the skin. Plant-based formulations are gaining popularity as an attractive alternative to synthetic filters. Over the past 20 years, a large number of studies have been published to assess the photoprotective effects of natural plant products, primarily through their antioxidant, antimutagenic, and anti-immunosuppressive activities. This review selects the most important data on skin photodamage and photoprotective efficacy of selected plant carotenoid representatives from in vivo studies on animal models and humans, as well as in vitro experiments performed on fibroblast and keratinocyte cell lines. Recent research on carotenoids associated with lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, liposomes, and micelles is reviewed. The focus was on collecting those nanomaterials that serve to improve the bioavailability and stability of carotenoids as natural antioxidants with photoprotective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Raszewska-Famielec
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health, University of Physicl Education, Akademicka 2, 21-500 Biała Podlaska, Poland;
| | - Elżbieta Radzikowska-Büchner
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillary Surgery, National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Wołoska 137 Street, 02-507 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Flieger
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
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Horton L, Brady J, Kincaid CM, Torres AE, Lim HW. The effects of infrared radiation on the human skin. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2023; 39:549-555. [PMID: 37431693 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infrared radiation (IR) is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum between visible light (VL) and microwaves, with wavelengths between 700 nm and 1 mm. Humans are mainly exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation (UVR) and IR through the sun. Unlike UVR which is well known for its carcinogenic properties, the relationship between IR and skin health has not been as extensively studied; as such, we gather the available published evidence here to better elucidate this relationship. METHODS Several databases including Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Embase were searched for articles relating to infrared radiation and the skin. Articles were selected for their relevance and novelty. RESULTS Detrimental effects such as thermal burns, photocarcinogenesis, and photoaging have been reported, though evidence suggests that these may be due to the thermal effects produced secondary to IR exposure rather than the isolated effect of IR. There are currently no chemical or physical filters specifically available for protection against IR, and existing compounds are not known to have IR-filtering capacity. Interestingly, IR may have some photoprotective properties against the carcinogenic effects of UVR. Furthermore, IR has been used with encouraging results in skin rejuvenation, wound healing, and hair restoration when given at an appropriate therapeutic dose. CONCLUSION A better understanding of the current landscape of research surrounding IR can help illuminate its effects on the skin and highlight areas for further research. Here, we review relevant data on IR to assess its deleterious and beneficial effects on human skin, along with possible means for IR photoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Horton
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Joshua Brady
- Department of Dermatology, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Colin M Kincaid
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Angeli Eloise Torres
- Division of Photobiology and Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Henry W Lim
- Division of Photobiology and Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Kim TY, Park NJ, Jo BG, Lee BS, Keem MJ, Kwon TH, Kim KH, Kim SN, Yang MH. Anti-Wrinkling Effect of 3,4,5-tri- O-caffeoylquinic Acid from the Roots of Nymphoides peltata through MAPK/AP-1, NF-κB, and Nrf2 Signaling in UVB-Irradiated HaCaT Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1899. [PMID: 37891978 PMCID: PMC10604296 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nymphoides peltata has been widely used pharmacologically in traditional Chinese medicine to treat heat strangury and polyuria. The aim of this study was to isolate the bioactive components from N. peltata and evaluate their potential use as antioxidant and anti-wrinkle agents. Phytochemical investigation of the methanolic extract of N. peltata roots led to the isolation of 15 compounds (1-15), which were structurally determined as α-spinasterol (1), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (2), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (3), protocatechuic acid (4), vanillic acid (5), p-coumaric acid (6), caffeic acid (7), ferulic acid (8), neochlorogenic acid (neo-CQA) (9), chlorogenic acid (CQA) (10), cryptochlorogenic acid (crypto-CQA) (11), isochlorogenic acid B (3,4-DCQA) (12), isochlorogenic acid A (3,5-DCQA) (13), isochlorogenic acid C (4,5-DCQA) (14), and 3,4,5-tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid (TCQA) (15). Of these 15 compounds, compound 2 was a new oleanane saponin, the chemical structure of which was characterized by 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic data and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS), as well as chemical reaction. Biological evaluation of the isolated compounds revealed that 3,4,5-tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid (TCQA) significantly improved Nrf2 levels in an Nrf2-ARE reporter HaCaT cell screening assay. TCQA was found to potently inhibit the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and to possess strong anti-wrinkle activity by modulating the MAPK/NF-κB/AP-1 signaling pathway and thus inhibiting MMP-1 synthesis in HaCaT cells exposed to UVB. Our results suggest that TCQA isolated from N. peltata might be useful for developing effective antioxidant and anti-wrinkle agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (T.-Y.K.); (B.-G.J.); (M.-J.K.); (T.-H.K.)
| | - No-June Park
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea;
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Geun Jo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (T.-Y.K.); (B.-G.J.); (M.-J.K.); (T.-H.K.)
| | - Bum Soo Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea;
| | - Min-Ji Keem
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (T.-Y.K.); (B.-G.J.); (M.-J.K.); (T.-H.K.)
| | - Taek-Hwan Kwon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (T.-Y.K.); (B.-G.J.); (M.-J.K.); (T.-H.K.)
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea;
| | - Su-Nam Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea;
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hye Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (T.-Y.K.); (B.-G.J.); (M.-J.K.); (T.-H.K.)
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Long Y, Wang W, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Li Z, Deng J, Li J. Dendrobium nobile Lindl Polysaccharides Attenuate UVB-induced Photodamage by Regulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and MMPs Expression in Mice Model. Photochem Photobiol 2023; 99:1269-1281. [PMID: 36651803 DOI: 10.1111/php.13780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Acute ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation predominantly leads to various skin disorders caused by photodamage. The major causes of UVB-induced photodamage include oxidative stress, inflammatory infiltration and collagen degradation. The aim of the study was to elucidate whether DNP had protective effect on the skin of KM mice when exposed to UVB irradiation. The DNP protective properties to skin appearance and histopathological alterations in KM mice were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining, toluidine blue staining, Gomori staining and Masson's trichrome staining and mast cell staining. In this study, DNP pretreatment promoted the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, while decreased malondialdehyde level in UVB-irradiated skin, along with downregulation of proteins expression of matrix metalloproteinases and reduction in the level of the proinflammatory cytokines. Based on these findings, we demonstrated that DNP displayed strong ameliorative effects on UVB-induced acute photodamage for the first time, indicating that it would be a promoting ingredient candidate that could be used in antiphotodamage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunluan Long
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Wuji Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shiqian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiang Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jingjie Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Krutmann J, Grether-Beck S, Makrantonaki E, Schikowski T. [Skin aging exposome]. DERMATOLOGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 74:657-662. [PMID: 37594514 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-023-05210-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
The skin is a barrier organ and thus exposed to environmental factors from birth, which essentially determine skin aging. In order to describe and understand this complex process exactly, we applied the concept of the "exposome" to the environmentally induced skin aging process. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the skin aging exposome. In this context, we characterize the most important exposomal factors, address their relative importance for skin aging and also the relevance of their mutual interactions. Finally, we discuss the clinical consequences resulting from this concept for an effective prevention of skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Krutmann
- IUF - Leibniz-Institut für umweltmedizinische Forschung, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland.
| | - Susanne Grether-Beck
- IUF - Leibniz-Institut für umweltmedizinische Forschung, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
| | - Eugenia Makrantonaki
- Derma Zentrum Wildeshausen, Wildeshausen, Deutschland
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Universitätsmedizin Ulm, Ulm, Deutschland
- Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Deutschland
| | - Tamara Schikowski
- IUF - Leibniz-Institut für umweltmedizinische Forschung, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
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6
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Jung J, Choi YJ, Yoo J, Choi SY, Kim E. Antiphotoaging Effect of AGEs Blocker™ in UVB-Irradiated Cells and Skh:HR-1 Hairless Mice. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:4181-4199. [PMID: 37232735 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45050266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a major cause of photoaging. It involves extrinsic aging, wrinkle formation, and skin dehydration, and leads to excessive production of active oxygen that adversely affects the skin. Here, we investigated the antiphotoaging effect of AGEs BlockerTM (AB), which comprises Korean mint aerial part and fig and goji berry fruits. Compared to its individual components, AB was more potent at increasing the expression of collagen and hyaluronic acid and decreasing MMP-1 expression in UVB-irradiated Hs68 fibroblasts and HaCaT keratinocytes. In Skh:HR-1 hairless mice exposed to 60 mJ/cm2 UVB for 12 weeks, oral administration of 20 or 200 mg/kg/day AB restored skin moisture by improving UVB-induced erythema, skin moisture, and transepidermal water loss, and alleviated photoaging by improving UVB-induced elasticity and wrinkles. Moreover, AB upregulated the mRNA levels of hyaluronic acid synthase and collagen-related Col1a1, Col3a1, and Col4a1 genes, increasing hyaluronic acid and collagen expression, respectively. AB inhibited UVB-induced MAPK and AP-1 (c-fos) activation, resulting in significantly downregulated expression of MMP-1 and -9, which are responsible for collagen degradation. AB also stimulated the expression and activity of antioxidative enzymes and reduced lipid peroxidation. Thus, AB is a potential preventive and therapeutic agent for photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- JaeIn Jung
- Industry Coupled Cooperation Center for Bio Healthcare Materials, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Yean-Jung Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - JinHee Yoo
- Functional Ingredient Development Team, COSMAX NS, INC., Seongnam-si 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Young Choi
- Functional Ingredient Development Team, COSMAX NBT, INC., Seongnam-si 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - EunJi Kim
- Industry Coupled Cooperation Center for Bio Healthcare Materials, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
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Farris PK, Valacchi G. Ultraviolet Light Protection: Is It Really Enough? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1484. [PMID: 36009203 PMCID: PMC9405175 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Our current understanding of the pathogenesis of skin aging includes the role of ultraviolet light, visible light, infrared, pollution, cigarette smoke and other environmental exposures. The mechanism of action common to these exposures is the disruption of the cellular redox balance by the directly or indirectly increased formation of reactive oxygen species that overwhelm the intrinsic antioxidant defense system, resulting in an oxidative stress condition. Altered redox homeostasis triggers downstream pathways that contribute to tissue oxinflammation (cross-talk between inflammation and altered redox status) and accelerate skin aging. In addition, both ultraviolet light and pollution increase intracellular free iron that catalyzes reactive oxygen species generation via the Fenton reaction. This disruption of iron homeostasis within the cell further promotes oxidative stress and contributes to extrinsic skin aging. More recent studies have demonstrated that iron chelators can be used topically and can enhance the benefits of topically applied antioxidants. Thus, an updated, more comprehensive approach to environmental or atmospheric aging protection should include sun protective measures, broad spectrum sunscreens, antioxidants, chelating agents, and DNA repair enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia K. Farris
- Department of Dermatology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Animal Science Department, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Hoegi-Dong, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 130-701, Korea
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8
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Wang J, Chen Y, He J, Li G, Chen X, Liu H. Anti-Aging Effect of the Stromal Vascular Fraction/Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in a Mouse Model of Skin Aging Induced by UVB Irradiation. Front Surg 2022; 9:950967. [PMID: 35874134 PMCID: PMC9304656 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.950967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs) have been used for anti-photo-aging. But the purification of ADSCs requires in vitro amplification and culture, there is considerable risk of direct treatment for patients. Stromal vascular fraction(SVF) is a biologically and clinically interesting heterogeneous cell population contains ADSCs. There are few reports on anti-aging effects of SVF in photo-aging skin. The present study investigated the anti-aging effect of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) injection in photo-aging skin. The relationship between the dosage of injection and effect was also discussed. Thirty healthy, 6-week-old, nude rats were randomly divided into the control and experimental groups. The experimental group needing ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation five days per week, and a duration of 8 weeks. According to different dose regimens of SVF and ADSCs, experiment rats were randomly grouped as the model control group, low-dose (LD) treatment group, middle-dose (MD) treatment group and high-dose (HD) treatment group. At 7 and 28 days post-treatment, specimens were harvested for histological and immunohistochemical analysis. We found that certain concentrations of cells (MD and HD groups) could improve the texture of photoaged skin. Changes in the epidermal cell layer were clearly observed after 7 days of treatment. The epidermal layer becomes thinner and more tender. After 28 days of treatment, the dermal tissue was thickened and the collagen content and proportion were improved. All these indicators showed no significant difference between the same dosages in the two treatment groups. Our results demonstrate that SVF may have anti-aging potential in photo-aging skin and the ADSCs play an important role in SVF. SVF maybe a potential agent for photo-anging skin and the most effective dose of SVF was 106 cells /100 µl/injection point. The proper injection interval may be 1.5 cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Burn Surgery, First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Yuanwen Chen
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The People's Hospital of Baoan shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Burn Surgery, First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Guiqiang Li
- Department of Burn Surgery, First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Department of Burn Surgery, First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
- Correspondence: Xiaodong Chen Hongwei Liu
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Correspondence: Xiaodong Chen Hongwei Liu
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da Cunha Neto CAV, Badial PR, de Oliveira-Filho JP, de Andrade DGA, Araujo JP, Borges AS. Solar radiation leads to increased collagenase gene expression (MMP1) in HERDA (Hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia) affected horses and may explain the typical dorsal distribution of their lesions. Vet Dermatol 2022; 34:209-221. [PMID: 35661451 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia (HERDA) is a genetic disease that alters collagen biosynthesis. Affected horses exhibit fragile, hyperextensible skin, especially over the dorsal region. Although ultraviolet (UV) radiation seems to contribute to the regional distribution of lesions and worsening of clinical signs, the molecular mechanisms involved are largely unknown. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of solar radiation on matrix metalloproteinase MMP1, MMP8 and MMP13 gene expression in the dorsal and ventral skin of HERDA-affected and HERDA-unaffected horses [wild-type (WT) horses]. ANIMALS Six HERDA-affected and six unaffected Quarter horses (WT) were paired according to age, sex and coat colour. MATERIALS AND METHODS Horses were submitted to 30 day sunlight restriction, followed by 15 day sunlight exposure. Dorsal and ventral skin biopsies were obtained at six sampling times over 45 days. The expression of MMP1, MMP8 and MMP13 genes was measured by quantitative PCR. RESULTS Although solar radiation modulated MMP1, MMP8 and MMP13 expression, the effects were more pronounced on MMP1. Sun exposure for three days significantly upregulated MMP1 in the dorsal region when compared to the ventral skin in both unaffected and HERDA-affected horses. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study shows that solar irradiation leads to upregulation of skin collagenase genes particularly MMP1 in the dorsal, sun-exposed skin of horses. Furthermore, this was more marked in HERDA-affected horses. The increased activity of collagenases on the disorganised collagen present in HERDA affected horses would explain why UV radiation leads to deterioration of clinical signs in affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peres Ramos Badial
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - João Pessoa Araujo
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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10
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Lv J, Yang S, Lv M, Lv J, Sui Y, Guo S. Protective roles of mesenchymal stem cells on skin photoaging: A narrative review. Tissue Cell 2022; 76:101746. [PMID: 35182986 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Skin is a natural barrier of human body and a visual indicator of aging process. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the sunlight may injure the skin tissues and cause local damage. Besides, it is reported that repetitive or long-term exposure to UV radiation may reduce the collagen production, change the normal skin structure and cause premature skin aging. This is termed "photoaging". The classical symptoms of photoaging include increased roughness, wrinkle formation, mottled pigmentation or even precancerous changes. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a kind of cells with the ability of self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation into many types of cells, like adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondrocytes. Researchers have explored diverse pharmacological actions of MSCs because of their migratory activity, paracrine actions and immunoregulation effects. In recent years, the huge potential of MSCs in preventing skin from photoaging has gained wide attention. MSCs exert their beneficial effects on skin photoaging via antioxidant effect, anti-apoptotic/anti-inflammatory effect, reduction of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and activation of dermal fibroblasts proliferation. MSCs and MSC related products have demonstrated huge potential in the treatment of skin photoaging. This narrative review concisely sums up the recent research developments on the roles of MSCs in protection against photoaging and highlights the enormous potential of MSCs in skin photoaging treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Lv
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shude Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengzhu Lv
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiarui Lv
- Department of Physiology, School of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanan Sui
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shu Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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11
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Applications of Stem Cell Therapy and Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for Skin Repair. CURRENT DERMATOLOGY REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13671-022-00357-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Hong AY, Lee SJ, Lee KB, Shin JW, Jeong EM, Kim IG. Double-Stranded RNA Enhances Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 and -13 Expressions through TLR3-Dependent Activation of Transglutaminase 2 in Dermal Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052709. [PMID: 35269849 PMCID: PMC8911030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UV-irradiation induces the secretion of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) derived from damaged noncoding RNAs in keratinocytes, which enhance the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) in non-irradiated dermal fibroblasts, leading to dysregulation of extracellular matrix homeostasis. However, the signaling pathway responsible for dsRNA-induced MMP expression has not been fully understood. Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is an enzyme that modifies substrate proteins by incorporating polyamine or crosslinking of proteins, thereby regulating their functions. In this study, we showed that TG2 mediates dsRNA-induced MMP-1 expression through NF-κB activation. Treatment of poly(I:C), a synthetic dsRNA analogue binding to toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), generates ROS, which in turn activates TG2 in dermal fibroblast. Subsequently, TG2 activity enhances translocation of p65 into the nucleus, where it augments transcription of MMP. We confirmed these results by assessing the level of MMP expression in Tlr3−/−, TG2-knockdowned and Tgm2−/− dermal fibroblasts after poly(I:C)-treatment. Moreover, treatment with quercetin showed dose-dependent suppression of poly(I:C)-induced MMP expression. Furthermore, ex vivo cultured skin from Tgm2−/− mice exhibited a significantly reduced level of MMP mRNA compared with those from wild-type mice. Our results indicate that TG2 is a critical regulator in dsRNA-induced MMP expression, providing a new target and molecular basis for antioxidant therapy in preventing collagen degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah-Young Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (A.-Y.H.); (S.-J.L.); (K.B.L.); (J.-W.S.)
| | - Seok-Jin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (A.-Y.H.); (S.-J.L.); (K.B.L.); (J.-W.S.)
| | - Ki Baek Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (A.-Y.H.); (S.-J.L.); (K.B.L.); (J.-W.S.)
- Laboratory for Cellular Response to Oxidative Stress, Cell2in, Inc., Seoul 03127, Korea
| | - Ji-Woong Shin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (A.-Y.H.); (S.-J.L.); (K.B.L.); (J.-W.S.)
| | - Eui Man Jeong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - In-Gyu Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (A.-Y.H.); (S.-J.L.); (K.B.L.); (J.-W.S.)
- Laboratory for Cellular Response to Oxidative Stress, Cell2in, Inc., Seoul 03127, Korea
- Department of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Correspondence:
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13
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Protective effects of galangin against H 2O 2/UVB-induced dermal fibroblast collagen degradation via hsa-microRNA-4535-mediated TGFβ/Smad signaling. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:25342-25364. [PMID: 34890367 PMCID: PMC8714160 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying the protective effects of galangin against H2O2/UVB-induced damage using in vitro and in vivo models of photodamage. Moreover, we identified the involvement of miRNA regulation in this process. The H2O2/UVB-treated HS68 human dermal fibroblasts and UVB-induced C57BL/6J nude mice were used as in vitro and in vivo models of photodamage. The results showed that galangin treatment alleviated H2O2/UVB-induced reduction in cell viability, TGFβ/Smad signaling impairment, and dermal aging. Based on the results of microRNA array analyses and database searches, hsa-miR-4535 was identified as a potential candidate miRNA that targets Smad4. In vitro, galangin treatment activated Smad2/3/4 complex and inhibited hsa-miR-4535 expression in H2O2/UVB-exposed cells. In vivo, topical application of low (12 mg/kg) and high doses (24 mg/kg) of galangin to the dorsal skin of C57BL/6J nude mice significantly alleviated UVB-induced skin photodamage by promoting TGFβ/Smad collagen synthesis signaling, reducing epidermal hyperplasia, wrinkle formation, and skin senescence, as well as inhibiting hsa-miR-4535 expression. Taken together, our findings indicate a link between hsa-miR-4535 and TGFβ/Smad collagen synthesis signaling and suggest these factors to be involved in the photo-protective mechanism of galangin in dermal fibroblasts against H2O2/UVB-induced aging. The evidence indicated that galangin with anti-aging properties can be considered as a supplement in skin care products.
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14
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Lee SJ, Lee KB, Hong AY, Son YH, Lee DH, Jeong EM, Kim IG. Transglutaminase 2 mediates UVB-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression by inhibiting nuclear p65 degradation in dermal fibroblasts. Exp Dermatol 2021; 31:743-752. [PMID: 34882846 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a key role in tissue remodelling by cleaving extracellular matrix (ECM) components. In the skin, UV irradiation increases expression of MMPs that causes dysregulation of ECM homeostasis in dermis, leading to acceleration of skin aging. However, the mediator(s) that links UV irradiation to the upregulation of MMPs have not been fully defined. Previously, we showed that UVB irradiation activated transglutaminase 2 (TG2) in keratinocytes, eliciting an inflammatory response by activating NF-κB signalling. In this study, we reported the role of TG2 in mediating the UVB-induced expression of MMP-1. In human dermal fibroblasts, UVB irradiation enhanced the expression and activity of TG2, which in turn promotes the expression of MMP-1. Analyses of MMP-1 promoter showed that activation of the NF-κB signalling pathway, rather than AP-1, was responsible for the TG2-mediated upregulation of MMP-1. Moreover, Western blot analysis revealed that TG2 increased the activity of NF-κB by inhibiting degradation of p65 in the nucleus. Furthermore, ex vivo skin from TG2-knockout mice exhibited significantly reduced levels of MMP-1 compared to that from wild-type mice. These results indicate that TG2 functions as a mediator for the UVB-induced expression of MMP-1 in dermal fibroblasts, providing a new target for preventing skin photodamage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Jin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Baek Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ah-Young Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Hoon Son
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eui Man Jeong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - In-Gyu Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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15
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Protective Effect of Fat-Tissue-Derived Products against Ultraviolet Irradiation-Induced Photoaging in Mouse Skin. Plast Reconstr Surg 2021; 148:1290-1299. [PMID: 34644267 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000008562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to ultraviolet radiation causes erythema, inflammation, and photoaging. Mechanical micronization of adipose tissue can concentrate functional cells and has great potential as an alternative for regenerative medicine. Stromal vascular fraction gel is produced by means of a series of mechanical processes of lipoaspirates and can be injected intradermally. This study aimed to assess the therapeutic effect of stromal vascular fraction gel on photoaging skin. METHODS A photoaging model was established in nude mice. Photoaging mice received treatments of stromal vascular fraction gel, fat, tretinoin, or phosphate-buffered saline. Photoaging skin was characterized by histologic and immunohistochemical analyses. Expression of collagen synthesis-related or photoaging-related genes was assessed. RESULTS Stromal vascular fraction gel, fat, and tretinoin reversed photoaging, whereas stromal vascular fraction gel demonstrated the greatest therapeutic effect. Treatment with stromal vascular fraction gel restored intradermal fat tissue content and increased dermal collagen density. Injection of stromal vascular fraction gel had the strongest effect on stimulating fibroblasts and increasing the expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), propeptide of type-I procollagen, and Smad 2, decreasing the expression of Smad 3, compared with fat and tretinoin. Expression of photoaging-related genes was significantly reduced, whereas expression of fibulin-5 was significantly increased after stromal vascular fraction gel treatment. CONCLUSIONS Stromal vascular fraction gel demonstrated remarkable therapeutic effects in reversing photoaging skin. Stromal vascular fraction gel can be injected intradermally and survive within dermal layer after grafting. This product increased TGF-β1expression and activated fibroblasts to produce propeptide of type I procollagen, thus increasing the amount of collagen I, leading to thickening of the dermis of photoaging skin.
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16
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Kim KM, Im AR, Lee JY, Kim T, Ji KY, Park DH, Chae S. Hesperidin Inhibits UVB-Induced VEGF Production and Angiogenesis via the Inhibition of PI3K/Akt Pathway in HR-1 Hairless Mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:1492-1498. [PMID: 34602557 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hesperidin is a citrus flavanone glycoside with potent anti-inflammatory effects that interferes with UVB-stimulated angiogenesis in skin, but its molecular mechanisms of action remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of hesperidin on UVB-induced angiogenesis in HR-1 hairless mice. We found hesperidin treatment inhibited skin neovascularization skin induced by repetitive UVB light exposure. Exposure to UVB radiation induces the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), and MMP-9, but we found all of these were inhibited by treatment with hesperidin. Using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting, we also found hesperidin inhibited the increase in hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1)α expression induced by UVB exposure. After discovering that UVB induces VEGF expression via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathways, we found hesperidin reduces UVB-induced VEGF expression by inhibiting UVB-induced PI3K activity. This, in turn, reduces the UVB-induced Akt/p70S6K phosphorylation in human primary keratinocytes and fibroblast cells. Because it affects the mediators of angiogenesis, our data suggest hesperidin has an anti-angiogenic effect on the pathologic skin neovascularization induced by UVB light. Thus, hesperidin may prove useful in the treatment of skin injuries caused by UVB light exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Mo Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
| | - A-Rang Im
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
| | - Joo Young Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
| | - Taesoo Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
| | - Kon-Young Ji
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
| | | | - Sungwook Chae
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
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17
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Kim HR, Kim S, Jie EY, Kim SJ, Ahn WS, Jeong SI, Yu KY, Kim SW, Kim SY. Effects of Tiarella polyphylla D. Don Callus Extract on Photoaging in Human Foreskin Fibroblasts Hs68 Cells. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211016970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV)-irradiation causes an overproduction of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and collagen (COL) degradation causing skin sunburn, inflammation, or photoaging in human. In this study, we prepared callus from Tiarella polyphylla D. Don ( T. polyphylla) stem and its phytochemical profiles were analyzed using HPLC-MWD. The effects of T. polyphylla callus extract evaluated against on UVB-induced damage in human foreskin fibroblast (Hs68). Hs68 was exposed to UVB in the presence or absence of T. polyphylla callus extract at concentrations of 100 and 250 µg/mL. Cell damage caused by UVB was inhibited by T. polyphylla callus extract, which was tested by cell viability and caspase 3 activity in Hs68 cells. Further experiment revealed that T. polyphylla extract suppressed the level of MMP-1, but increased the level of type I procollagen. In addition, T. polyhylla callus extract inhibited UVB-mediated COL (-1 and -3) protein degradation and MMP (-1, 2, and -3) overexpression in Hs68. These results suggest that T. polyphylla callus extract has considerable potential as a cosmetic ingredient with anti-aging effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Rim Kim
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Kim
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yee Jie
- Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Kim
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Seok Ahn
- Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Il Jeong
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Yeol Yu
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Won Kim
- Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Young Kim
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
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18
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Krutmann J, Schikowski T, Morita A, Berneburg M. Environmentally-Induced (Extrinsic) Skin Aging: Exposomal Factors and Underlying Mechanisms. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:1096-1103. [PMID: 33541724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As a barrier organ, the skin is an ideal model to study environmentally-induced (extrinsic) aging. In this review, we explain the development of extrinsic skin aging as a consequence of skin exposure to specific exposomal factors, their interaction with each other, and the modification of their effects on the skin by genetic factors. We also review the evidence that exposure to these exposomal factors causes extrinsic skin aging by mechanisms that critically involve the accumulation of macromolecular damage and the subsequent development of functionally altered and/or senescent fibroblasts in the dermal compartment of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Krutmann
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany; Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Tamara Schikowski
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Akimichi Morita
- Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mark Berneburg
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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19
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Antiaging Properties of Exosomes from Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Photoaged Rat Skin. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6406395. [PMID: 33415151 PMCID: PMC7769639 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6406395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been documented as possible candidates for skin rejuvenation. However, the effects of ADSC-derived exosomes on photoaged skin remain to be fully elucidated. This study was aimed at determining the antiaging effects of ADSC-derived exosomes on photoaged skin. Human ADSCs were isolated from the adipose tissue of healthy women and cultured in vitro. Then, exosomes were extracted from the cultured ADSCs, purified by ultracentrifugation, and verified by examination of cell morphology using transmission electron microscopy and the identification of specific biomarkers. Meanwhile, the optimal exosome concentration and treatment time were selected. The photoaged skin model was created by subjecting Sprague-Dawley rats to ultraviolet B radiation. Exosomes were injected into the photoaged skin in a single therapeutic dose. The thickness of the epidermis and dermis was observed by HE staining. The relative mRNA expression of type I collagen, type III collagen, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1 and MMP-3) was determined by real-time PCR. In the rat model of photoaged skin, the injected exosomes markedly decreased the epidermal thickness and increased the dermal thickness of the photoaged skin 7 days after treatment. Moreover, the proportion of the stratum corneum of the epidermis was decreased. Furthermore, real-time RT-PCR showed that the mRNA expression of type I collagen was increased and that of type III collagen, MMP-1, and MMP-3 was decreased. Our results demonstrate that ADSC-derived exosome treatment could significantly improve skin photodamage and that ADSC-derived exosomes may be a potential agent for photoaged skin treatment.
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20
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Shimizu S, Aoki A, Takahashi T, Harano F. Infrared-A Irradiation-induced Inhibition of Human Keratinocyte Proliferation and Potential Mechanisms. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 96:1105-1115. [PMID: 32118302 PMCID: PMC7586992 DOI: 10.1111/php.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Infrared-A (IRA), which can penetrate deeply into the human skin, is a major component of solar radiation and is recognized to promote photoaging of human dermis. To our knowledge, however, the cellular and molecular consequences of human epidermis exposure to IRA have not been clarified. Thus, we investigated whether IRA inhibits the proliferation of normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). IRA irradiation ed in cell cycle arrest at G1 and a dose-dependent reduction in the proliferation of NHEKs. We found that mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) was initially inactivated during IRA irradiation due to the formation of stress granules (SGs), and this inactivation was maintained for at least 6 h after irradiation due to Akt dephosphorylation. Furthermore, repeated exposure of human skin equivalents to IRA led to marked thinning of the epidermal cell layer. In conclusion, IRA irradiation inhibits mTORC1 activity possibly through two molecular mechanisms involving SG formation in the early-phase and subsequent Akt dephosphorylation. This sequential mechanism seems to cause G1 cell cycle arrest and a reduction in cell proliferation, supporting the hypothesis that the decreased proliferation of basal keratinocytes that occurs during skin aging might be partly attributable to IRA radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syota Shimizu
- Nutraceuticals DivisionOtsu Skin Care Research InstituteOtsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.OtsuJapan
| | - Akihiro Aoki
- Nutraceuticals DivisionOtsu Skin Care Research InstituteOtsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.OtsuJapan
| | - Takuya Takahashi
- Nutraceuticals DivisionOtsu Skin Care Research InstituteOtsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.OtsuJapan
| | - Fumiki Harano
- Nutraceuticals DivisionOtsu Skin Care Research InstituteOtsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.OtsuJapan
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21
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Shin DW. Various biological effects of solar radiation on skin and their mechanisms: implications for phototherapy. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2020; 24:181-188. [PMID: 33029294 PMCID: PMC7473273 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2020.1808528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin protects our body from various external factors, such as chemical and physical stimuli, microorganisms, and sunlight. Sunlight is a representative environmental factor that considerably influences the physiological activity of our bodies. The molecular mechanisms and detrimental effects of ultraviolet rays (UVR) on skin have been thoroughly investigated. Chronic exposure to UVR generally causes skin damage and eventually induces wrinkle formation and reduced elasticity of the skin. Several studies have shown that infrared rays (IR) also lead to the breakdown of collagen fibers in the skin. However, several reports have demonstrated that the appropriate use of UVR or IR can have beneficial effects on skin-related diseases. Additionally, it has been revealed that visible light of different wavelengths has various biological effects on the skin. Interestingly, several recent studies have reported that photoreceptors are also expressed in the skin, similar to those in the eyes. Based on these data, I discuss the various physiological effects of sunlight on the skin and provide insights on the use of phototherapy, which uses a specific wavelength of sunlight as a non-invasive method, to improve skin-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wook Shin
- College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
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22
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Sreedhar A, Aguilera-Aguirre L, Singh KK. Mitochondria in skin health, aging, and disease. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:444. [PMID: 32518230 PMCID: PMC7283348 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2649-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The skin is a high turnover organ, and its constant renewal depends on the rapid proliferation of its progenitor cells. The energy requirement for these metabolically active cells is met by mitochondrial respiration, an ATP generating process driven by a series of protein complexes collectively known as the electron transport chain (ETC) that is located on the inner membrane of the mitochondria. However, reactive oxygen species (ROS) like superoxide, singlet oxygen, peroxides are inevitably produced during respiration and disrupt macromolecular and cellular structures if not quenched by the antioxidant system. The oxidative damage caused by mitochondrial ROS production has been established as the molecular basis of multiple pathophysiological conditions, including aging and cancer. Not surprisingly, the mitochondria are the primary organelle affected during chronological and UV-induced skin aging, the phenotypic manifestations of which are the direct consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction. Also, deletions and other aberrations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are frequent in photo-aged skin and skin cancer lesions. Recent studies have revealed a more innate role of the mitochondria in maintaining skin homeostasis and pigmentation, which are affected when the essential mitochondrial functions are impaired. Some common and rare skin disorders have a mitochondrial involvement and include dermal manifestations of primary mitochondrial diseases as well as congenital skin diseases caused by damaged mitochondria. With studies increasingly supporting the close association between mitochondria and skin health, its therapeutic targeting in the skin-either via an ATP production boost or free radical scavenging-has gained attention from clinicians and aestheticians alike. Numerous bioactive compounds have been identified that improve mitochondrial functions and have proved effective against aged and diseased skin. In this review, we discuss the essential role of mitochondria in regulating normal and abnormal skin physiology and the possibility of targeting this organelle in various skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Keshav K Singh
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
- Integartive Center For Aging Research and O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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23
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Ameliorative Effects of Peptides from the Oyster ( Crassostrea hongkongensis) Protein Hydrolysates against UVB-Induced Skin Photodamage in Mice. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18060288. [PMID: 32486363 PMCID: PMC7344810 DOI: 10.3390/md18060288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation is a major cause for skin photoaging. UVB induces damage to skin mainly by oxidative stress, inflammation, and collagen degradation. This paper investigated the photo-protective effects of peptides from oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis) protein hydrolysates (OPs) by topical application on the skin of UVB-irradiated mice. Results from mass spectrometry showed that OPs consisted of peptides with a molecular weight range of 302.17–2936.43 Da. In vivo study demonstrated that topical application of OPs on the skin significantly alleviated moisture loss, epidermal hyperplasia, as well as degradation of collagen and elastin fibers caused by chronic UVB irradiation. In this study, OPs treatment promoted antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GPH-Px) activities, while decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the skin. In addition, OPs treatment significantly decreased inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) content, and inhibited inflammation related (iNOS, COX-2) protein expression in the skin. Via inhibiting metalloproteinase 1(MMP1) expression, OPs treatment markedly decreased the degradation of collagen and elastin fibers as well as recovered the altered arrangement of extracellular matrix network in the dermis of skin. Our study demonstrated for the first time that OPs protected against UVB induced skin photodamage by virtue of its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as regulating the abnormal expression of MMP-1. The possible molecular mechanism underlying OPs anti-photoaging is possibly related to downregulating of the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway, while promoting TGF-β production in the skin.
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24
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Development and clinical study of the use of infrared radiation to accelerate the dissolution rate of a microneedle array patch (MAP). Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 10:791-800. [DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00710-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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25
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26
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Lee SY, Lim HS, Lee NE, Cho SO. Biocompatible UV-absorbing polymer nanoparticles prepared by electron irradiation for application in sunscreen. RSC Adv 2020; 10:356-361. [PMID: 35492528 PMCID: PMC9047562 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09752j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The electron-irradiated polymer nanoparticles exhibit no significant signs of cytotoxicity and phototoxicity while providing excellent UV-shielding performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yoon Lee
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung San Lim
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Na Eun Lee
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Oh Cho
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
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27
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kandan PV, Balupillai A, Kanimozhi G, Khan HA, Alhomida AS, Prasad NR. Opuntiol Prevents Photoaging of Mouse Skin via Blocking Inflammatory Responses and Collagen Degradation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5275178. [PMID: 33312336 PMCID: PMC7721505 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5275178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the potential of opuntiol, isolated from Opuntia ficus-indica, against UVA radiation-mediated inflammation and skin photoaging in experimental animals. The skin-shaved experimental mouse was subjected to UVA exposure at the dosage of 10 J/cm2 per day for ten consecutive days (cumulative UVA dose: 100 J/cm2). Opuntiol (50 mg/kg b.wt.) was topically applied one hour before each UVA exposure. UVA (100 J/cm2) exposure induces epidermal hyperplasia and collagen disarrangement which leads to the photoaging-associated molecular changes in the mouse skin. Opuntiol pretreatment prevented UVA-linked clinical macroscopic skin lesions and histological changes in the mouse skin. Further, opuntiol prevents UVA-linked dermal collagen fiber loss in the mouse skin. Short-term UVA radiation (100 J/cm2) activates MAPKs through AP-1 and NF-κB p65 transcriptional pathways and subsequently induces the expression of inflammatory proteins and matrix-degrading proteinases in the mouse skin. Interestingly, opuntiol pretreatment inhibited UVA-induced activation of iNOS, VEGF, TNF-α, and COX-2 proteins and consequent activation of MMP-2, MMP-9, and MMP-12 in the mouse skin. Moreover, opuntiol was found to prevent collagen I and III breakdown in UVA radiation-exposed mouse skin. Thus, opuntiol protects mouse skin from UVA radiation-associated photoaging responses through inhibiting inflammatory responses, MAPK activation, and degradation of matrix collagen molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Veeramani kandan
- 1Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Agilan Balupillai
- 1Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002 Tamil Nadu, India
- 2Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, 632115 Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G. Kanimozhi
- 3Department of Biochemistry, Dharmapuram Gnanambigai Government Arts College for Women, Mayiladuthurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Haseeb A. Khan
- 4Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S. Alhomida
- 4Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagarajan Rajendra Prasad
- 1Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002 Tamil Nadu, India
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Kang W, Choi D, Park T. Dietary Suberic Acid Protects Against UVB-Induced Skin Photoaging in Hairless Mice. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11122948. [PMID: 31817085 PMCID: PMC6950119 DOI: 10.3390/nu11122948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a major cause of skin photoaging, which is mainly characterized by dryness and wrinkle formation. In the current study, we investigated the anti-photoaging effects of dietary suberic acid, a naturally occurring photochemical, using UVB-irradiated hairless mice. Mice were exposed to UVB three times weekly and fed diets containing three different suberic acid concentrations (0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2%) for 10 weeks. It was found that suberic acid inhibited UVB-induced skin dryness, wrinkle formation, and epidermal thickness in hairless mice. In parallel with phenotypic changes, suberic acid attenuated UVB-induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) genes (MMP1a, MMP1b, MMP3, and MMP9), while accelerating collagen genes including collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1), COL1A2, and COL3A1 and hyaluronic acid synthases genes (HAS1, HAS2 and HAS3). We further demonstrated that suberic acid upregulated the molecules involved in the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/SMAD pathway, but downregulated the molecules participating in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/activator protein 1 (AP-1) signaling in UVB-irritated hairless mice. Collectively, we propose that suberic acid may be a promising agent for treating skin photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Taesun Park
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2123-3123; Fax: +82-2-365-3118
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Penta-1,2,3,4,6- O-Galloyl-β-D-Glucose Inhibits UVB-Induced Photoaging by Targeting PAK1 and JNK1. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8110561. [PMID: 31731779 PMCID: PMC6912523 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (PGG) is a gallotannin polyphenolic compound that occurs naturally in fermented Rhus verniciflua. The present study aimed to examine the effect of PGG on UVB-induced skin aging and its molecular mechanisms in HaCaT human keratinocytes and SKH-1 hairless mice models. PGG suppressed UVB-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression in HaCaT cells by inhibiting phosphorylation of RAF/MEK/ERK, MKK3/6/p38, and c-Jun. UVB-induced ERK and p38 signaling pathways that induce the MMP-1 expression were mediated by PAK1 in HaCaT cells. PGG suppressed PAK1 and JNK1 kinase activities, and directly bound both PAK1 in an ATP-competitive manner and JNK1 in an ATP-noncompetitive manner. Consistently, PGG decreased UVB-induced wrinkle formation, epidermal thickness, type 1 collagen and MMP-13 expression in mouse skin. Overall, these results indicate that PGG exhibits anti-photoaging effects in vitro and in vivo by the suppression of PAK1 and JNK1 kinase activities, and may be useful for the prevention of skin aging.
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Park KH, Kim J, Jung S, Sung KH, Son YK, Bae JM, Kim BH. Alleviation of Ultraviolet B-Induced Photoaging by 7-MEGA TM 500 in Hairless Mouse Skin. Toxicol Res 2019; 35:353-359. [PMID: 31636846 PMCID: PMC6791660 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2019.35.4.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 7-MEGA™ 500 on the improvement of skin aging in an UVB-induced photo-aging model of hairless mice. The dorsal skin of hairless mice was exposed to UVB three times a week for 12 weeks to induce skin wrinkle. After inducing the wrinkle, 7-MEGA™ 500 was orally administered once a day for 4 weeks. Skin thickness, skin barrier function, and wrinkle indicators were improved by treatment with 7-MEGA™ 500. Both gene and protein expression levels of MMP-3 and c-Jun in skin were significantly decreased by 7-MEGA™ 500. Therefore, the intake of 7-MEGA™ 500 is thought to have a positive effect on the improvement of skin aging, although further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyo-Hyun Park
- Department of Public Health, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - JiYeon Kim
- Department of Public Health, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Suryun Jung
- Department of Public Health, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Sung
- Environmental Health Services Center, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yeon-Kyoung Son
- R&D Team, Food & Supplement Health Claims, Vitech, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Jung Min Bae
- Department of Technical Assistance, Agency for Korea National Food Cluster (AnFC), Iksan, Korea
| | - Bae-Hwan Kim
- Department of Public Health, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
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Zheng H, Qiu L, Su Y, Yi C. Conventional Nanofat and SVF/ADSC-Concentrated Nanofat: A Comparative Study on Improving Photoaging of Nude Mice Skin. Aesthet Surg J 2019; 39:1241-1250. [PMID: 30869120 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjz066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanofats could improve photoaging. Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) may play pivotal roles. However, SVFs and ADSCs in nanofats processed by conventional methods cannot be enriched. Some researchers have found that after centrifugation, the SVF/ADSC density increases from top to bottom. OBJECTIVES The authors hypothesized that centrifugation can be used to obtain SVF/ADSC-concentrated nanofats that are superior to conventional nanofats in improving the photoaging of skin. METHODS After a photoaging model was successfully established in nude mice, the back of each mouse was divided into 4 areas and randomly injected with conventional nanofat, centrifuged nanofat (either the middle or lower layer of centrifuged nanofat), or normal saline. Wrinkles, dermis thickness, dermal collagen content, and elastic fiber morphology were measured and compared at weeks 4 and 8. RESULTS Compared with the wrinkles in the physiological saline injection areas, the wrinkles in the areas injected with the 3 nanofats (lower and middle layers of centrifuged nanofat and conventional nanofat) were significantly reduced. All 3 nanofat groups showed increased dermal thickness, increased collagen content, and a more regular distribution of elastic fibers compared with the saline injection areas. CONCLUSIONS The study established the efficacy of nanofats in improving photoaging by reducing wrinkles and increasing the thickness of dermal collagen, making nanofats a promising novel treatment for photoaging. The SVF/ADSC-concentrated nanofats exhibited the most improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zheng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lihong Qiu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingjun Su
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chenggang Yi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Kusumaningrum N, Oh JH, Lee DH, Shin CY, Jang JH, Kim YK, Chung JH. Topical treatment with a cathepsin G inhibitor, β-keto-phosphonic acid, blocks ultraviolet irradiation-induced basement membrane damage in hairless mouse skin. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2018; 35:148-156. [PMID: 30414203 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultraviolet light (UV) exposure contributes various effects to skin including damage of the basement membrane. Cathepsin G (CTSG) belongs to serine protease family, and its upregulation is involved in wrinkle formation by chronic UV irradiation. However, the effect of CTSG on the basement membrane damage in skin remains unclear. PURPOSE To investigate the effects of topical treatment with a CTSG inhibitor, β-keto-phosphonic acid (KPA), on basement membrane damage in chronically UV-irradiated hairless mouse skin. METHODS The dorsal skin of hairless mice was exposed to UV three times per week for 8 weeks. KPA was applied immediately after each session of UV irradiation. The basement membrane components, CTSG expression, and neutrophil infiltration were analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. The basement membrane structures were visualized by transmission electron microscope. CTSG and MMP-13 protein levels were analyzed by Western blotting. Assessment of wrinkle formation was examined using a skin replica assay. RESULTS β-keto-phosphonic acid prevented UV irradiation-induced decrease in type VII collagen, laminin 332, and perlecan at the basement membrane zone and prevented UV-induced breakage of lamina densa and UV-induced shortening of hemidesmosome. KPA prevented UV-induced CTSG and MMP-13 expressions in chronically UV-irradiated hairless mice. Increase in neutrophil infiltration by UV irradiation and UV-induced wrinkle formation was also prevented by KPA. CONCLUSION Our present study showed the possible involvement of CTSG in UV-induced basement membrane damage in skin through topical treatment with a CTSG inhibitor, KPA. Thus, inhibition of CTSG may be a useful strategy for the prevention of UV-induced basement membrane damage and photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Novi Kusumaningrum
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jang-Hee Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Yup Shin
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee-Hee Jang
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon Kyung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Nanofat Increases Dermis Thickness and Neovascularization in Photoaged Nude Mouse Skin. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2018; 42:343-351. [PMID: 29380024 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-018-1091-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT To investigate the effects of nanofat injection into photoaged nude mouse skin on dermis thickness, neovascularization, and cell proliferation. METHODS Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and nanofat were prepared from human liposuction aspirates. The photoaged skin model was created using ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation onto BALB/c nude mice. A total of 24 mice were used in this study; 6 mice without treatment (natural aging) served as controls, while 18 mice were irradiated under the UVB lamp and treated with PBS (200 μl per injection area), ADSCs (1 × 106/200 μl ADSCs per injection area), or nanofat (200 μl per injection area) on the dorsal skin. Four weeks after injection, skin specimens were collected. The skin texture of each group was evaluated by general observation. Histological analyses were performed to analyze skin structure, dermis thickness, collagen fiber arrangement, capillary density, and cell proliferation. RESULTS Four weeks after injection, no obvious differences were observed between the PBS group, ADSCs group, and nanofat group by skin gross observation. From the histological analyses, the ADSCs group and the nanofat group showed obviously thicker dermis than the PBS group (P < 0.05). More capillaries were observed in skin using anti-CD31 staining in the ADSCs and Nanofat groups than was observed in the PBS group (P < 0.05). No significant differences in the average dermis proliferation index were observed between groups by anti-Ki-67 staining. However, an increased epidermal proliferation index was observed in the ADSCs and Nanofat groups, compared to that in the PBS group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Nanofat increased dermis thickness and neovascularization in photoaged skin. NO LEVEL ASSIGNED This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Hossy BH, Leitão AADC, Torres RB, Ramos-E-Silva M, Miguel NCDO, de Pádula M. Histological observation of hairless mice skin after exposure to Simulated Solar Light: Comparison between the histological findings with different methodologies and 3R principle correlations. Burns 2017; 44:359-369. [PMID: 29032978 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Albino hairless mouse (AHM) has been used as a biological model in photodermatology. However, the experimental landscape is diverse to follow and need particular attention. PURPOSE Irradiation parameters were investigated for the development of a protocol to assess alterations in the AHM skin using Simulated Solar Light (SSL). The present study was compared with published articles (last 15 years) according to irradiation protocols, morphological findings to minimize animal suffering and UV exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three groups: Control (G1), experimental - sunburn (G2) and skin photodamage assay (G3). G2 were immobilized and exposed to SSL once for 15, 30 and 45min. G3 were exposed to SSL, without immobilization, for 15min once a day for one week. The dorsal skin was analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin technique. RESULTS G2 displayed different sunburn degrees. Based on the profile of the observed morphological alterations, a 15min irradiation was chosen as the exposure time to expose G3, without immobilization, for 5 consecutive days. CONCLUSION These conditions produced the same morphological changes in the AHM with a shorter solar exposure time, without immobilizing the animals but using environmental exposure fluences, conforming to 3R (reduction - refinement - replacement) recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Hudson Hossy
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina - Serviço de Dermatologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alvaro Augusto da Costa Leitão
- Laboratório de Radiobiologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Bosco Torres
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Avaliação Genotóxica, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Federal, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcia Ramos-E-Silva
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina - Serviço de Dermatologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nádia Campos de Oliveira Miguel
- Programa de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Federal, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo de Pádula
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Avaliação Genotóxica, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Kang SJ, Choi BR, Kim SH, Yi HY, Park HR, Song CH, Ku SK, Lee YJ. Beneficial effects of dried pomegranate juice concentrated powder on ultraviolet B-induced skin photoaging in hairless mice. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:1023-1036. [PMID: 28810554 PMCID: PMC5525583 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the anti-aging effects of pomegranate juice concentrated powder (PCP) in hairless mice following 15 weeks of UVB irradiation (three times a week; 0.18 J/cm2). Skin moisturizing effects were evaluated through skin water, collagen type I and hyaluronan contents, as well as collagen type I and hyaluronan synthesis-related transcript levels. Wrinkle formation and edema scores (skin weights) were also assessed, along with skin matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-9 and MMP-13 transcript levels. To determine the anti-inflammatory effects of PCP, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10 contents were observed. Caspase-3 and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) were used as an apoptotic index in epidermal keratinocytes. To determine the anti-oxidative effects of PCP, nitrotyrosine and 4-hydroxynonenal immunoreactive cells were detected and glutathione (GSH) content, malondialdehyde levels, superoxide anion production, Nox2, and GSH reductase mRNA expression were all measured. The results indicated that skin wrinkles induced by photoaging were significantly reduced by PCP, whereas skin water contents, collagen type I and hyaluronan contents all increased. Furthermore, IL-1β levels in the PCP-treated groups were lower than those in the UVB-exposed control group. UVB-induced GSH depletion was also inhibited by PCP. Taken together, the results of the current study suggest that PCP has favorable protective effects against UVB-induced photoaging through anti-apoptotic effects, MMP activity inhibition and ECM (COL1 and hyaluronan) synthesis-related moisturizing, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Kang
- The Medical Research Center for Globalization of Herbal Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38610, Republic of Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Rak Choi
- Research Institute, Health-Love Co., Ltd., Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 13946, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hee Kim
- Research Institute, Health-Love Co., Ltd., Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 13946, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Yeon Yi
- Research Institute, Health-Love Co., Ltd., Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 13946, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Rim Park
- Research Institute, Health-Love Co., Ltd., Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 13946, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hyun Song
- The Medical Research Center for Globalization of Herbal Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38610, Republic of Korea.,Department of Histology and Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae-Kwang Ku
- The Medical Research Center for Globalization of Herbal Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38610, Republic of Korea.,Department of Histology and Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joon Lee
- The Medical Research Center for Globalization of Herbal Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38610, Republic of Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38610, Republic of Korea
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Hong H, Jung M, Choe SJ, Kim JB, Choi EH. The Effect of Rhus verniciflua Stokes Extracts on Photo-Aged Mouse Skin. Ann Dermatol 2017; 29:295-301. [PMID: 28566905 PMCID: PMC5438935 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2017.29.3.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RV) has traditionally been used in Korea as an indigenous food (Rhus chicken soup) and as an herbal medicinal plant. While the anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties of RV have been actively studied in the medical field, its antioxidant effects in the skin that resist the reactive oxygen species in keratinocytes and fibroblasts is less understood. Objective We designed to evaluate the effects of R. verniciflua Stokes extract (RVE) on the photo-aged skin by an in vitro experiment using human fibroblasts and an in vivo experiment using a photo-aged murine model. Methods For the in vitro experiments, human fibroblasts irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) B were treated with RVE or vehicle, and the growth levels and the expression level of type 1 procollagen were compared. For the in vivo experiment, photo-aged mice irradiated with UVB and UVA were administered drinking water with or without RVE, and histological changes and the expression level of type 1 procollagen and matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-13 were compared. Results In vitro experiments using fibroblasts irradiated with UVB showed that RVE promoted growth and significantly increased the expression of type 1 procollagen as compared to the control group. In the photo-aged mice, RVE increased collagen content in the dermis and promoted the synthesis of type 1 procollagen without any visible decrease in MMP-13 as compared to control group. Conclusion In addition to the previously reported antioxidant effects of RVE, oral intake of RVE effectively inhibited photo-aging in hairless mice by enhancing collagen synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Hong
- Depatment of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Minyoung Jung
- Depatment of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Sung Jay Choe
- Depatment of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jung-Bae Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sangji Youngseo College, Wonju, Korea
| | - Eung Ho Choi
- Depatment of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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Lopes MB, Rajasekaran R, Lopes Cançado ACF, Martin AA. In vivoConfocal Raman Spectroscopic Analysis of the Effects of Infrared Radiation in the Human Skin Dermis. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 93:613-618. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Bergamo Lopes
- Laboratory of Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy; Institute of Research and Development; University of Paraiba Valley (UNIVAP); São José dos Campos Brazil
| | - Ramu Rajasekaran
- Laboratory of Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy; Institute of Research and Development; University of Paraiba Valley (UNIVAP); São José dos Campos Brazil
- Department of Physics; Bannari Amman Institute of Technology; Sathyamangalam India
| | - Ana Clara Figueira Lopes Cançado
- Laboratory of Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy; Institute of Research and Development; University of Paraiba Valley (UNIVAP); São José dos Campos Brazil
| | - Airton Abrahão Martin
- Biomedical Engineering Innovation Center; Universidade Brazil; Itaquera Sao Paulo Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Piaui; Departamento de Fisica; Teresina Brazil
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Lim HW, Arellano-Mendoza MI, Stengel F. Current challenges in photoprotection. J Am Acad Dermatol 2016; 76:S91-S99. [PMID: 28038886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared ranges all produce biologic effects. Ultraviolet filters are the most well-studied photoprotective measure for the adverse effects of ultraviolet radiation. Because of the reported endocrinologic effects of oxybenzone in animal studies, its effects on coral reefs, and its photocontact allergy potential, its use has been minimized in many countries worldwide. New developments in topical antioxidants and oral and subcutaneous agents (eg, Polypodium leucotomos extract, afamelanotide, nicotinamide) with photoprotective and antiphotocarcinogenic properties could potentially provide addition modalities for protection against the effects of visible light and infrared radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry W Lim
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan.
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Ha SJ, Lee J, Kim H, Song KM, Lee NH, Kim YE, Lee H, Kim YH, Jung SK. Preventive effect of Rhus javanica extract on UVB-induced skin inflammation and photoaging. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
Chronic exposure to ultraviolet light, particularly as a component of natural sunlight, is a major cause of environmentally induced aging of the skin. In addition, other environmental factors for premature skin aging include longer wavelength radiation in the visible light region and in particular in the shortwave infrared radiation region. Furthermore, particulate and gaseous components of air pollution significantly contribute to the aging process.
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Kruglikov IL, Scherer PE. Skin aging: are adipocytes the next target? Aging (Albany NY) 2016; 8:1457-69. [PMID: 27434510 PMCID: PMC4993342 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT) is increasingly appreciated as a special fat depot. The adipocytes in this depot exert a variety of unique effects on their surrounding cells and can undergo massive phenotypic changes. Significant modulation of dWAT content can be observed both in intrinsically and extrinsically aged skin. Specifically, skin that has been chronically photo-damaged displays a reduction of the dWAT volume, caused by the replacement of adipocytes by fibrotic structures. This is likely to be caused by the recently uncovered process described as "adipocyte-myofibroblast transition" (AMT). In addition, contributions of dermal adipocytes to the skin aging processes are also indirectly supported by spatial correlations between the prevalence of hypertrophic scarring and the appearance of signs of skin aging in different ethnic groups. These observations could elevate dermal adipocytes to prime targets in strategies aimed at counteracting skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Philipp E. Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Kim JE, Song D, Kim J, Choi J, Kim JR, Yoon HS, Bae JS, Han M, Lee S, Hong JS, Song D, Kim SJ, Son MJ, Choi SW, Chung JH, Kim TA, Lee KW. Oral Supplementation with Cocoa Extract Reduces UVB-Induced Wrinkles in Hairless Mouse Skin. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:1012-1021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2015.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Autologous adipose-derived stem cells have shown great promise in applications that treat photodamaged skin. Adipose-derived stem cells also have an antiwrinkle effect; consequently, they have become a topic of primary interest. Nude mice have been used extensively in studies of adipose-derived stem cells, human dermal fibroblasts, and other filler injections. However, a nude mouse model of photoaging has not yet been developed. Thus, we attempted to develop a nude mouse model of photoaging in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fourteen, 5-week-old female BALB/c nude mice were irradiated with ultraviolet-B rays, 6 times a week for 6 weeks. The minimum erythema dose was established before the mice underwent ultraviolet irradiation to minimize the inflammation of the irradiated skin and to determine the initial irradiation dosage. The mean sizes of the wrinkled areas of skin and the mean depths of the wrinkles were compared between the study groups using replica analysis. Skin biopsies were performed on the 6th and 10th weeks of the study. RESULTS The mean sizes of the wrinkled areas of skin and the mean depths of the wrinkles increased significantly in the ultraviolet-B-irradiated nude mice compared with the nonirradiated mice, and the thicknesses of the epidermis and dermis of the skin from the upper and lower back were significantly greater after ultraviolet-B irradiation up to the 6th week of treatment (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the ultraviolet-B-irradiated group demonstrated reduced collagen fiber levels. CONCLUSIONS We have successfully developed a nude mouse model for research into photoaging, and these results indicate that the nude mouse is a suitable model for investigating the development of photoaging.
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Wang XF, Huang YF, Wang L, Xu LQ, Yu XT, Liu YH, Li CL, Zhan JYX, Su ZR, Chen JN, Zeng HF. Photo-protective activity of pogostone against UV-induced skin premature aging in mice. Exp Gerontol 2016; 77:76-86. [PMID: 26929999 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2016.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pogostone, a chemical constituent of patchouli oil, has been confirmed to possess favorable anti-inflammatory property. In the present study, we investigated the possible anti-photoaging potential of pogostone and the underlying mechanism against UV-induced skin damage in mice. The macroscopic and histopathological lesions were significantly ameliorated by pretreatment of pogostone as compared to the VC group. Furthermore, topical application of pogostone markedly increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and observably decreased malonaldehyde (MDA) level. Analysis of inflammatory cytokines showed obvious down-regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the pogostone groups. In addition, pogostone pretreatment evidently inhibited the abnormal expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1 and MMP-3). Taken together, pogostone exhibited prominent photo-protective activity mainly by its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, promising it as an effective alternative pharmaceutical therapy for photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Fen Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yan-Feng Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Lan Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Lie-Qiang Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiu-Ting Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Yu-Hong Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Cai-Lan Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Janis Ya-Xian Zhan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zi-Ren Su
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jian-Nan Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Hui-Fang Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China.
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Barolet D, Christiaens F, Hamblin MR. Infrared and skin: Friend or foe. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 155:78-85. [PMID: 26745730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, it has been proposed that the sun's IR-A wavelengths might be deleterious to human skin and that sunscreens, in addition to their desired effect to protect against UV-B and UV-A, should also protect against IR-A (and perhaps even visible light). Several studies showed that NIR may damage skin collagen content via an increase inMMP-1 activity in the same manner as is known for UVR. Unfortunately, the artificial NIR light sources used in such studies were not representative of the solar irradiance. Yet, little has been said about the other side of the coin. This article will focus on key information suggesting that IR-A may be more beneficial than deleterious when the skin is exposed to the appropriate irradiance/dose of IR-A radiation similar to daily sun exposure received by people in real life.IR-A might even precondition the skin--a process called photo prevention--from an evolutionary standpoint since exposure to early morning IR-A wavelengths in sunlight may ready the skin for the coming mid-day deleterious UVR. Consequently IR-A appears to be the solution, not the problem. It does more good than bad for the skin. It is essentially a question of intensity and how we can learn from the sun. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Barolet
- Department of Medicine, Dermatology Division, McGill University, Montreal H3A 1A1, Canada; RoseLab Skin Optics Laboratory, LavalH7T 0G3, Canada.
| | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- The Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
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Under Persistent Assault: Understanding the Factors that Deteriorate Human Skin and Clinical Efficacy of Topical Antioxidants in Treating Aging Skin. COSMETICS 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics2040355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Höhn A, Hartmann P, Gebhart V, Sonntag J, Grune T, Jung T. Actual Isothermal Effects of Water-Filtered Infrared A-Irradiation. Photochem Photobiol 2015; 91:887-94. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Höhn
- Department for “Molecular Toxicology”; German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE); Nuthetal Germany
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology; Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena; Jena Germany
| | - Petra Hartmann
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology; Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena; Jena Germany
| | - Veronika Gebhart
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology; Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena; Jena Germany
| | - Johanna Sonntag
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology; Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena; Jena Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department for “Molecular Toxicology”; German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE); Nuthetal Germany
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology; Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena; Jena Germany
| | - Tobias Jung
- Department for “Molecular Toxicology”; German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE); Nuthetal Germany
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology; Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena; Jena Germany
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Jeong JH, Fan Y, You GY, Choi TH, Kim S. Improvement of photoaged skin wrinkles with cultured human fibroblasts and adipose-derived stem cells: A comparative study. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2015; 68:372-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2014.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Nam JJ, Lee KE, Kim YJ. Metal oxide-coating PMMA or Talc as a new IR blocker inhibits IR-induced decrease of collagens in human dermal fibroblasts. Int J Cosmet Sci 2015; 37:433-7. [PMID: 25712291 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was whether P/M or T/M inhibits IR-induced decrease of collagens in human dermal fibroblasts, using P/M or T/M blocked near-IR (NIR) transmittance significantly in spectrophotometer measurement. METHODS As metal oxides are effective inorganic molecules for intercepting IR radiation, we have developed metal oxide-coating PMMA (P/M) or Talc (T/M) as a new IR blocker. Inhibitory effect of the new IR blocker on collagen degradation was measured by gene and protein expressions of procollagens and MMPs, respectively, in IR-irradiated Hs68 cell line. RESULTS Using P/M or T/M inhibited IR-induced increases of MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9, and IR-induced decreases of type 1 and 4 procollagen in a dose-dependent manner in dermal fibroblasts. In addition, using both P/M and T/M blocked the increase of cell media temperature induced by IR lamp. CONCLUSION The results suggest that P/M or T/M can inhibit decrease of collagens by blocking IR-induced heat transmission in human dermal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-J Nam
- Cosmax R&I Center, 602, Pangyo inno valley E, 255, Pangyo-ro, Bungdang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - K-E Lee
- Cosmax R&I Center, 602, Pangyo inno valley E, 255, Pangyo-ro, Bungdang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Y J Kim
- Cosmax R&I Center, 602, Pangyo inno valley E, 255, Pangyo-ro, Bungdang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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50
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Son WC, Yun JW, Kim BH. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells reduce MMP-1 expression in UV-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts: therapeutic potential in skin wrinkling. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 79:919-25. [PMID: 25685961 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1008972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) have been reported to have therapeutic benefit in skin. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of AdMSCs in UV-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) for therapeutic potential in skin wrinkling. UV irradiation, a model naturally mimic skin wrinkle formation, is known to increase matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), making MMP-1 a target for skin photoaging. Our findings identified that AdMSCs reduce MMP-1 level in UV-irradiated HDFs and increase type 1 procollagen in HDFs. A dose-dependent increase in type 1 procollagen was confirmed by AdMSC-conditioned medium. Importantly, our current findings showing the effects of AdMSCs on the induction of MMP-1 in UV-radiated HDFs and the expression of collagen in HDFs can provide an evidence of relationship between MMP-1 and procollagen production for the protection against wrinkle formation. Collectively, AdMSCs may contribute to anti-wrinkle effects in skin but further experiments are needed to identify the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Chan Son
- a Department of Pathology , University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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