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Salvioli S, Basile MS, Bencivenga L, Carrino S, Conte M, Damanti S, De Lorenzo R, Fiorenzato E, Gialluisi A, Ingannato A, Antonini A, Baldini N, Capri M, Cenci S, Iacoviello L, Nacmias B, Olivieri F, Rengo G, Querini PR, Lattanzio F. Biomarkers of aging in frailty and age-associated disorders: State of the art and future perspective. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 91:102044. [PMID: 37647997 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
According to the Geroscience concept that organismal aging and age-associated diseases share the same basic molecular mechanisms, the identification of biomarkers of age that can efficiently classify people as biologically older (or younger) than their chronological (i.e. calendar) age is becoming of paramount importance. These people will be in fact at higher (or lower) risk for many different age-associated diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, cancer, etc. In turn, patients suffering from these diseases are biologically older than healthy age-matched individuals. Many biomarkers that correlate with age have been described so far. The aim of the present review is to discuss the usefulness of some of these biomarkers (especially soluble, circulating ones) in order to identify frail patients, possibly before the appearance of clinical symptoms, as well as patients at risk for age-associated diseases. An overview of selected biomarkers will be discussed in this regard, in particular we will focus on biomarkers related to metabolic stress response, inflammation, and cell death (in particular in neurodegeneration), all phenomena connected to inflammaging (chronic, low-grade, age-associated inflammation). In the second part of the review, next-generation markers such as extracellular vesicles and their cargos, epigenetic markers and gut microbiota composition, will be discussed. Since recent progresses in omics techniques have allowed an exponential increase in the production of laboratory data also in the field of biomarkers of age, making it difficult to extract biological meaning from the huge mass of available data, Artificial Intelligence (AI) approaches will be discussed as an increasingly important strategy for extracting knowledge from raw data and providing practitioners with actionable information to treat patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | | | - Leonardo Bencivenga
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Sara Carrino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Conte
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sarah Damanti
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
| | - Rebecca De Lorenzo
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
| | - Eleonora Fiorenzato
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Center for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gialluisi
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, Italy; EPIMED Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Assunta Ingannato
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
| | - Angelo Antonini
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Center for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CESNE), Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Baldini
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Miriam Capri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Cenci
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
| | - Licia Iacoviello
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, Italy; EPIMED Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Benedetta Nacmias
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rengo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy; Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Scientific Institute of Telese Terme, Telese Terme, Italy
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Acharya S, Jin C, Bylund J, Shen Q, Kamali-Moghaddam M, Jontell M, Carlén A, Karlsson NG. Reduced sialyl-Lewis x on salivary MUC7 from patients with burning mouth syndrome. Mol Omics 2019; 15:331-339. [PMID: 31414088 DOI: 10.1039/c9mo00061e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We analysed and compared MUC7 O-glycosylation and inflammatory biomarkers in saliva from female patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS) and gender/age-matched controls. Oligosaccharides from salivary MUC7 from BMS and controls were released. Inflammatory mediators were measured by multiplex proximity extension assay. Presence of sialyl-Lewisx (Si-Lex) epitope on MUC7 was confirmed using Western blot. MUC7 O-glycans and measured inflammatory biomarkers were found to be similar between BMS and controls. However, oligosaccharides sialyl-Lewisx (Si-Lex) was found to be reduced in samples from BMS patients. Positive correlation (combined patients and controls) was found between levels of C-C motif chemokine 19 (CCL-19) and the amount of core-2 oligosaccharides on MUC7 as well as fractalkine (CX3CL1) and level of sialylation. Patients with BMS were shown to represent a heterogeneous group in terms of inflammatory biomarkers. This indicates that BMS patients could be further stratified on the basis of low-level inflammation. The results furthermore indicate that reduced sialylation of MUC7, particularly Si-Lex, may be an important feature in patients with BMS. However, the functional aspects and potential involvement in immune regulation of Si-Lex remains unclear. Our data suggests a chemokine driven alteration of MUC7 glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Acharya
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, PO 450, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Putatunda R, Ho WZ, Hu W. HIV-1 and Compromised Adult Neurogenesis: Emerging Evidence for a New Paradigm of HAND Persistence. AIDS Rev 2019; 21:11-22. [PMID: 30899112 DOI: 10.24875/aidsrev.19000003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The face of the HIV-1/AIDS pandemic has changed significantly thanks to the development of antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens. Unfortunately, several HIV-associated comorbidities continuously occur in the clinical population, most notably HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). While many molecular and cellular mechanisms have been characterized by describing HAND pathology (specifically neuroinflammatory insults and oxidative stress) in the ART era, compromised adult neurogenesis is emerging as a potential new mechanism. Neurogenesis is a dynamic process that generates new neurons and glial cells from neural stem cells (NSCs) and neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in specific areas of the brain. There are increasing observations that HIV-1 can productively and non-productively infect NSCs and NPCs. HIV-1 proteins and/or secondary immune/inflammatory responses impair the initial differentiation process of NSCs to NPCs, restrict neuronal lineage differentiation, and aberrantly promote astrocytic lineage differentiation. Recent studies with HIV-1 transgenic animal models demonstrate varying degrees of adult neurogenic deficits, which correlate with milder to moderate forms of neurocognitive impairments. The neurogenic dysfunction underlying HAND highlights the importance of developing potential therapeutics to restore adult neurogenic homeostasis in HIV-1 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Putatunda
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Wen-Zhe Ho
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Pinchuk I, Weber D, Kochlik B, Stuetz W, Toussaint O, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Dollé MET, Jansen EHJM, Gonos ES, Sikora E, Breusing N, Gradinaru D, Sindlinger T, Moreno-Villanueva M, Bürkle A, Grune T, Lichtenberg D. Gender- and age-dependencies of oxidative stress, as detected based on the steady state concentrations of different biomarkers in the MARK-AGE study. Redox Biol 2019; 24:101204. [PMID: 31022674 PMCID: PMC6477672 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, Weber et al. published a thorough investigation of the age-dependency of oxidative stress (OS) determined by the steady state concentrations of different compounds - oxidation products and antioxidants - that are in common use as biomarkers of OS in 2207 healthy individuals of the cross-sectional MARK-AGE Project. The correlations among biomarkers were significant but weak. These findings may indicate different manifestations of OS and must further be evaluated. Here, we report a refined analysis of OS based on the above-mentioned original data. We show that malondialdehyde (MDA) appears to be sensitive to both gender and age. It is significantly lower and shows a greater age-dependence in women than in men. The age-dependency of MDA in women arises in a stepwise fashion. The age-dependent slope of the steady state concentration is maximal at the age between 50 and 55 years, indicating that it may be attributed to the change of metabolism in the post-menopause. Interestingly, total glutathione (GSH) decreased with age simultaneously with the increase in MDA. Different biomarkers yield different gender- and age-dependencies. Unlike the concentration of MDA, the concentrations of the other two oxidation products, i.e. protein carbonyls and 3-nitrotyrosine were similar in men and women and appeared to be independent of age in the healthy study population. The analyzed antioxidants exhibited different gender- and age-dependencies. In conclusion, it appears that all the biomarkers assessed here reflect different types of OS and that MDA and GSH reflect the same type of OS. Analysis of 10 biomarkers in 2207 healthy men and women of the MARK-AGE Project. Different oxidative stress biomarkers yield different gender- and age-dependencies. Different types of oxidative stress seem to exist. Malondialdehyde and glutathione seem to be of the same type of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Pinchuk
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Medical School, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Daniela Weber
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal 14558, Germany; NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal 14458, Germany.
| | - Bastian Kochlik
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal 14558, Germany; NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal 14458, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Stuetz
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and Nutrition, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70599, Germany.
| | | | | | - Martijn E T Dollé
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
| | - Eugène H J M Jansen
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
| | - Efstathios S Gonos
- Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens 11635, Greece.
| | - Ewa Sikora
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland.
| | - Nicolle Breusing
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and Nutrition, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70599, Germany.
| | - Daniela Gradinaru
- Ana Aslan National Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Bucharest, Romania, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Thilo Sindlinger
- Molecular Toxicology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78457, Germany.
| | - María Moreno-Villanueva
- Molecular Toxicology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78457, Germany.
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- Molecular Toxicology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78457, Germany.
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal 14558, Germany; NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal 14458, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg 85764, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin 13357, Germany; Institute of Nutrition, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal 14558, Germany.
| | - Dov Lichtenberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Medical School, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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