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Wei W, Dong LH, Xiao S, Lin YB, Xu L, Wei GY, Wang W, Tian LL, Wei HZ, Huang F. Seawater barium and sulfide removal improved marine habitability for the Cambrian Explosion of early animals. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwae237. [PMID: 39206180 PMCID: PMC11350977 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
An increase in atmospheric pO2 has been proposed as a trigger for the Cambrian Explosion at ∼539-514 Ma but the mechanistic linkage remains unclear. To gain insights into marine habitability for the Cambrian Explosion, we analysed excess Ba contents (Baexcess) and isotope compositions (δ138Baexcess) of ∼521-Myr-old metalliferous black shales in South China. The δ138Baexcess values vary within a large range and show a negative logarithmic correlation with Baexcess, suggesting a major (>99%) drawdown of oceanic Ba inventory via barite precipitation. Spatial variations in Baexcess and δ138Baexcess indicate that Ba removal was driven by sulfate availability that was ultimately derived from the upwelling of deep seawaters. Global oceanic oxygenation across the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition may have increased the sulfate reservoir via oxidation of sulfide and concurrently decreased the Ba reservoir by barite precipitation. The removal of both H2S and Ba that are deleterious to animals could have improved marine habitability for early animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Lin-Hui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shuhai Xiao
- Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksbrug 24061, USA
| | - Yi-Bo Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lingang Xu
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geoscience, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guang-Yi Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenzhong Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Deep Space Exploration Lab/School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Lan-Lan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hai-Zhen Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Sobczyk R, Czortek P, Serigstad B, Pabis K. Modelling of polychaete functional diversity: Large marine ecosystem response to multiple natural factors and human impacts on the West African continental margin. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 792:148075. [PMID: 34465033 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polychaetes are one of the most diverse groups of marine organisms, characterized by high species richness, diversity of feeding guilds, life styles, and mobility types. Marine annelids are useful indicators of ecosystem responses to changes in environmental conditions. The aim of our study was to assess the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on functional diversity of polychaete communities in the Gulf of Guinea, a large marine ecosystem (LME) located in West Africa. This area can be considered as a model marine ecosystem affected by various human influences, such as pollution associated with the oil industry. Material was collected in 2012 across the coast of Ghana. Samples were gathered along four transects, each with six sampling stations (25-1000 m depth range). Analyses of functional richness and evenness, based on generalized linear mixed-effect models and hierarchical partitioning, allowed for complex assessments of the interactions between polychaete communities and environmental factors (e.g., sediments, total organic matter, salinity, fluorescence, oxygen, concentration of toxic metals, total hydrocarbons). Overall species richness of polychaetes was outstandingly high, with 253 species recorded. Functional richness decreased along a depth gradient, while functional evenness increased with depth, and was positively correlated with Ba content, which reached the highest values in the upper bathyal. Gravel content was an important factor in shaping functional composition of shallow water communities. High values of functional richness observed in the shallows may be an expression of high stability of this ecosystem, at the same time indicating its high resilience. Elevated concentrations of lead also influenced community structure at a local scale. Our study demonstrated how a complex set of factors operating along a depth gradient can influence the functional composition of communities. These results are crucial for future management of industrial and environmental protection activities in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Sobczyk
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Patryk Czortek
- Institute of Botany - Bialowieza Geobotanical Station, University of Warsaw, Sportowa 19, 17-230 Bialowieza, Poland
| | | | - Krzysztof Pabis
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
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Vieira KS, Baptista Neto JA, Crapez MAC, Gaylarde C, Pierri BDS, Saldaña-Serrano M, Bainy ACD, Nogueira DJ, Fonseca EM. Occurrence of microplastics and heavy metals accumulation in native oysters Crassostrea Gasar in the Paranaguá estuarine system, Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 166:112225. [PMID: 33677332 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitous presence of contaminants in the marine environment is considered a global threat to marine organisms. Heavy metals and microplastics are two distinct classes of pollutants but there are interactions between these two stressors that are still poorly understood. We examined the potential relationship between heavy metals (Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Ba, Hg, Pb) and microplastic particles in oysters sampled along the Paranaguá Estuarine System. The results suggested high levels of As and Zn in the bivalves, which are destined for human consumption. Microplastic particles were found in oysters from all sampled locations, demonstrating the spread of this pollutant in the marine environment and its ability to bioaccumulate in oysters. However, our data did not demonstrate a direct relationship between microplastics and heavy metals, suggesting that these particles are not the main route for heavy metal contamination of oysters in the Paranaguá Estuarine System.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khauê Silva Vieira
- Laboratory of Marine Geology, Institute of Geosciences, Department of Geology and Geophysics/LAGEMAR, Fluminense Federal University, Avenida Litorânea s/n, 24210-340 Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - José Antônio Baptista Neto
- Laboratory of Marine Geology, Institute of Geosciences, Department of Geology and Geophysics/LAGEMAR, Fluminense Federal University, Avenida Litorânea s/n, 24210-340 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Miriam Araujo Carlos Crapez
- Laboratory of Marine Geology, Institute of Geosciences, Department of Geology and Geophysics/LAGEMAR, Fluminense Federal University, Avenida Litorânea s/n, 24210-340 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Christine Gaylarde
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, Oklahoma University, 770 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Bruno da Silva Pierri
- Laboratory of Fish Nutrition/LABNUTRI, Department of Aquaculture, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Miguel Saldaña-Serrano
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry/LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Afonso Celso Dias Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry/LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Diego José Nogueira
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-970, Brazil
| | - Estefan Monteiro Fonseca
- Laboratory of Marine Geology, Institute of Geosciences, Department of Geology and Geophysics/LAGEMAR, Fluminense Federal University, Avenida Litorânea s/n, 24210-340 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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Vieira KS, Crapez MAC, Lima LS, Delgado JF, Brito EBCC, Fonseca EM, Baptista Neto JA, Aguiar VMC. Evaluation of bioavailability of trace metals through bioindicators in a urbanized estuarine system in southeast Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:18. [PMID: 33389181 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08809-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The mussel Perna perna is one of the most used bioindicators of coastal areas and the most economically exploited species in Brazil through mariculture. In the present study, P. perna was used to investigate metal pollution in the estuarine area of Vitória Bay. Four sampling sites were located along an estuarine branch of Vitória Bay and stations were sampled during three campaigns. Trace metals in the tissues of P. perna were evaluated as well as dissolved trace metals and other ancillary variables in the water column. Dissolved Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, and Fe concentrations surpassed the tolerance limits stablished by legislation in all the sampling campaigns. P. perna exhibited concentrations in disagreement with the Brazilian legislation for Cr and As. A general trend of higher concentrations in outer stations was observed for most metals, what suggested the occurrence of flocculation process in the lower estuary, reducing the concentrations of dissolved elements and increasing their bioavailability for the biota through the particulate form. Cd was highlighted with elevated concentrations in dissolved fraction but not detected in P. perna, probably due to chlor-complex formation under influence of more saline waters. Al, Ba, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, and As were considered bioavailable, once they were accumulated in the mussels' tissues. Hazard index (HI) and target cancer risk (TCR) showed that the consumption of mussels from the study area offers health risk issues, being iron and arsenic the main contributors for the high indexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Vieira
- Departamento de Geologia Marinha/LAGEMAR, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. General Milton Tavares de Souza s/n - 24210-340 - Gragoatá, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - M A C Crapez
- Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Laboratório de Microbiologia Marinha/MICROMAR, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n - 24.001-970, Centro, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - L S Lima
- Departamento de Geologia Marinha/LAGEMAR, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. General Milton Tavares de Souza s/n - 24210-340 - Gragoatá, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - J F Delgado
- Departamento de Geologia Marinha/LAGEMAR, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. General Milton Tavares de Souza s/n - 24210-340 - Gragoatá, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - E B C C Brito
- Departamento de Geologia Marinha/LAGEMAR, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. General Milton Tavares de Souza s/n - 24210-340 - Gragoatá, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - E M Fonseca
- Departamento de Geologia Marinha/LAGEMAR, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. General Milton Tavares de Souza s/n - 24210-340 - Gragoatá, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - J A Baptista Neto
- Departamento de Geologia Marinha/LAGEMAR, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. General Milton Tavares de Souza s/n - 24210-340 - Gragoatá, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - V M C Aguiar
- Departamento de Geologia Marinha/LAGEMAR, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. General Milton Tavares de Souza s/n - 24210-340 - Gragoatá, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
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Oliveira NR, Moens T, Fonseca G, Nagata RM, Custódio MR, Gallucci F. Response of life-history traits of estuarine nematodes to the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 227:105609. [PMID: 32906060 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Species responses to stress are expected to be dependent on their life-history strategy. In this study, we compare the responses of two free-living marine nematodes, Litoditis marina and Diplolaimella dievengatensis, both considered opportunistic, fast-growing, and stress-tolerant species, to the exposure to sublethal concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant. Specifically, we evaluated the growth and reproduction rates, as well as the survival of individuals exposed from eggs and/or juveniles (J1) onwards. Exposure to SDS significantly affected the growth and reproduction rates of both species. However, whereas growth and reproduction rates of D. dievengatensis were significantly enhanced at low and intermediate concentrations of SDS (0.001% and 0.003%), for L. marina both parameters were significantly reduced by all SDS concentrations tested (0.001%, 0.003% and 0.006%). Exposure to SDS did not affect the survival of adult nematodes of D. dievengatensis, while for L. marina, survival of males exposed to 0.006% SDS was significantly reduced compared to the control. Responses of the life-history traits growth, fecundity and survival did not exhibit clear trade-offs. The contrasting responses of D. dievengatensis and L. marina indicate that biologically and ecologically similar species can have remarkably distinct tolerances to stress, and that, in agreement with recent studies, rhabditid nematodes cannot a priori be considered very stress tolerant. Consequently, single species traits and phylogenetic relatedness are poor predictors of nematode responses to toxic stress posed by anthropogenic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilvea Ramalho Oliveira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Rua do Matão, trav. 14, n. 101, CEP 05508-090, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo - SP, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Itália, km 8, CEP: 96203-900, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande - RS, Brazil.
| | - Tom Moens
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, Marine Biology Research Unit, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gustavo Fonseca
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto do Mar, Rua Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, CEP: 11070-100, Santos - SP, Brazil
| | - Renato Mitsuo Nagata
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Instituto de Oceanografia, Laboratório de Zooplâncton, Av. Itália, Km 8, CEP: 96203-900, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande - RS, Brazil
| | - Márcio Reis Custódio
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Rua do Matão, trav. 14, n. 101, CEP 05508-090, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Gallucci
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto do Mar, Rua Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, CEP: 11070-100, Santos - SP, Brazil
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Martinez JG, Quiobe SP, Moens T. Effects of Mercury (Hg) on Soil Nematodes: A Microcosm Approach. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 77:421-431. [PMID: 31292676 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-019-00652-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg), one of the most toxic heavy metals, is commonly used in the gold extraction process in small-scale mining operations in many countries. Our previous field work on the impact of mining on soil nematode assemblages in a small-scale mining area in Sibutad, the Philippines, revealed no significant negative effects despite sometimes strongly elevated Hg concentrations. Using a microcosm approach, we now applied similar Hg concentrations as commonly found in these field sites (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg Hg) and determined their impact on nematode assemblages from a different soil with different physicochemical soil attributes. Our results demonstrate (a) limited "bottling" effects (incubation effects) after a 45-day incubation period: a nematode abundance decrease of up to 37%, but absence of significant differences in diversity and nematode assemblage composition; (b) that total nematode abundance already decreased at Hg concentrations (2.5 mg/kg), which did not yield significant impacts on other nematode assemblage descriptors, such as assemblage composition and different diversity indices; and (c) that the Hg concentrations found in the Sibutad field sites can be detrimental to soil nematode assemblages. The discrepancy between our microcosm and the field-based results is probably related to differences in physicochemical soil attributes (e.g., OM contents, soil pH), which suggests that nematode-based environmental assessments should be interpreted in a context-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey Genevieve Martinez
- Marine Biology Section, Biology Department, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology (MSU-IIT), Iligan, Philippines.
- Complex Systems Group, Prime Research Institute of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), MSU-IIT, Iligan, Philippines.
| | - Shiela Pearl Quiobe
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology (MSU-IIT), Iligan, Philippines
| | - Tom Moens
- Marine Biology Section, Biology Department, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Moyson S, Town RM, Vissenberg K, Blust R. The effect of metal mixture composition on toxicity to C. elegans at individual and population levels. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218929. [PMID: 31237916 PMCID: PMC6592602 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The toxicity of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and cadmium (Cd) to the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans was characterised under single metal and mixture scenarios at different organisational levels. The effects on population size and body length were investigated at two concentrations corresponding to the 24 h LC5 and LC20 levels. Metal toxicity was dependent on metal concentration, exposure time and mixture composition. Populations exposed to LC20 levels of Cd, ZnCu, CuCd and ZnCuCd plummeted, while for all LC5 concentrations, population size continued to increase, albeit that single metals were less harmful than mixtures. Combinations of the LC20 concentration of Cd with a range of Zn concentrations showed concentration dependent mitigating effects on population size and antagonistic effects on mortality. By combining effects at different organisational levels, more insight into metal toxicity was obtained. Metal effects were more evident on population size than on body length or mortality, suggesting that population size could be considered as a sensitive endpoint. Furthermore, our observations of ZnCd mixture effects at the individual and population levels are consistent with literature data on the dose-dependent expression of the cdf-2 gene, which is involved in mediation of Zn and Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Moyson
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Raewyn M. Town
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Kris Vissenberg
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Plant Biochemistry & Biotechnology Laboratory, University of Applied Sciences Crete – Technological Educational Institute, Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture, Food & Nutrition, Stavromenos, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Ronny Blust
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Fueser H, Majdi N, Haegerbaeumer A, Pilger C, Hachmeister H, Greife P, Huser T, Traunspurger W. Analyzing life-history traits and lipid storage using CARS microscopy for assessing effects of copper on the fitness of Caenorhabditis elegans. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 156:255-262. [PMID: 29554610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lipid storage provides energy for cell survival, growth, and reproduction and is closely related to the organismal response to stress imposed by toxic chemicals. However, the effects of toxicants on energy storage as it impacts certain life-history traits have rarely been investigated. Here, we used the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a test species for a chronic exposure to copper (Cu) at EC20 (0.50 mg Cu/l). Effects on the fatty acid distribution in C. elegans body were determined using coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) to link population fitness responses with individual ecophysiological responses. Cu inhibited nematode reproductive capacity and offspring growth in addition to shortening the lifespan of exposed individuals. In adult nematodes, Cu exposure led to significant reduction of lipid storage compared to the Cu-free control: Under Cu, lipids filled only 0.5% of the nematode body volume vs. 7.5% in control nematodes, lipid droplets were on average 74% smaller and the number of tiny lipids (0-10 µm2) was increased. These results suggest that (1) Cu has an important effect on the life-history traits of nematodes; (2) the quantification of lipid storage can provide important information on the response of organisms to toxic stress; and (3) CARS microscopy is a promising tool for non-invasive quantitative and qualitative analyses of lipids as a measure of nematode fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Fueser
- Bielefeld University, Animal Ecology, Konsequenz 45, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Nabil Majdi
- Bielefeld University, Animal Ecology, Konsequenz 45, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Arne Haegerbaeumer
- Bielefeld University, Animal Ecology, Konsequenz 45, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christian Pilger
- Bielefeld University, Biomolecular Photonics, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Henning Hachmeister
- Bielefeld University, Biomolecular Photonics, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Paul Greife
- Bielefeld University, Biomolecular Photonics, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Huser
- Bielefeld University, Biomolecular Photonics, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Walter Traunspurger
- Bielefeld University, Animal Ecology, Konsequenz 45, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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Kadiene EU, Bialais C, Ouddane B, Hwang JS, Souissi S. Differences in lethal response between male and female calanoid copepods and life cycle traits to cadmium toxicity. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 26:1227-1239. [PMID: 28990129 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-017-1848-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study determined the effect of cadmium (Cd) toxicity comparatively on two copepods, Eurytemora affinis (Poppe 1880) from a temperate region (Seine Estuary, France) and Pseudodiaptomus annandalei (Sewell 1919) from a subtropical region (Danshuei Estuary, Taiwan), according to their sex and reproductive stages. In addition, the effect of Cd to their life cycle traits was quantified. In the first experiment, both copepod sexes were exposed to 40, 80, 150, 220, and 360 µg/L of Cd and a control cultured in salinity 15, except that the temperature was 18 °C for E. affinis and 26 °C for P. annandalei. This allowed calculating median lethal concentration (LC50) of Cd after 96 h. This was 120.6 µg/L Cd for P. annandalei males which were almost twice as sensitive as P. annandalei females (LC50 = 239.5 µg/L Cd). For E. affinis females, the LC50 was 90.04 µg/L Cd, reflecting a 1.4 times higher sensitivity of females than of males (LC50 = 127.75 µg/L Cd). The males of both species were similarly sensitive; however, the E. affinis females were 2.7 times more sensitive than the P. annandalei females. We also compared the sensitivity of ovigerous females (OVF) and non-ovigerous females (NOF) of both species to Cd. Mortality was higher in NOF than in OVF of both copepod species in both the control and the 40 µg/L Cd treatment. Finally, the total population, fecundity and female morphology of both copepod species were estimated after exposing one generation cycle (nauplius to adult) to 40 μg/L Cd (for E. affinis) and 160 μg/L Cd (for P. annandalei). A significant decrease in cohort production, survival and clutch size but no significant difference in the prosome length of both copepod species exposed to Cd were detected. The ratio of OVF:NOF was high in both copepod species exposed to Cd. Cd toxicity did not significantly affect the M:F sex ratio and % OVF of E. affinis. However, the effect of Cd toxicity in P. annandalei was significant in the M:F sex ratio and was in favor of females and their reproductive activities due to an increase in % OVF. Moreover, there was a significant decrease in total production of P. annandalei due to high mortality in their nauplii and copepodid developmental stages. Toxicity to Cd appears to be affected by multiple factors including sex, reproductive life stage and species. The ecological implication of Cd toxicity on E. affinis and P. annandalei copepod ecology is more related to a skewed sex ratio, low egg production, reduced hatchability and reduced survival that affects the recruitment potential of the copepod nauplii resulting in a decreasing copepod population. Mortality, reproduction and population growth of model species may provide important bio-indicators for environmental risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther U Kadiene
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, 20224, Keelung, Taiwan
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, 62930, Wimereux, France
| | - Capucine Bialais
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, 62930, Wimereux, France
| | - Baghdad Ouddane
- Université de Lille1, Equipe Physico-Chimie de l'Environnement, Laboratoire LASIR UMR CNRS 8516, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Jiang-Shiou Hwang
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, 20224, Keelung, Taiwan.
| | - Sami Souissi
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, 62930, Wimereux, France.
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10
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Ningjing H, Peng H, Hui Z, Xiaojing W, Aimei Z, Jihua L, Xuefa S. Geochemical source, deposition, and environmental risk assessment of cadmium in surface and core sediments from the Bohai Sea, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:827-843. [PMID: 27757750 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7800-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Geochemical sources, spatio-temporal distribution, and associated environmental risk of Cd in the Bohai Sea were investigated using data from 405 surface sediment samples and two sediment cores. Local point Cd sources, TOC content, and currents are the main controlling factors of Cd distribution. The contribution of Cd from river discharge surpasses that from atmospheric deposition. Sediment-quality guidelines, enrichment factors, and chemical fraction analysis were used to assess metal toxicity in the collected sediments. Results show that Bohai Sea sediments have a moderate Cd enrichment level. This enrichment poses a high risk due to the relatively high mobility and bioavailability of Cd despite measured levels below sediment-quality guidelines at most stations. Vertical profiles of Cd concentrations, Al-normalized enrichment factors, and excess burial fluxes combined with 210Pb dating reveal the history of Cd pollution in the Bohai Sea over the last century. Data show Cd unvaried before the 1800s, a slight increase from the 1800s to the late 1950s, a decrease from the late 1960s to the 1970s, and an increase from the 1980s to 2001, including a relatively high value in 1998. Historic variation in Cd is closely associated with both natural and anthropogenic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Ningjing
- First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266061, China.
| | - Huang Peng
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhang Hui
- First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Wang Xiaojing
- First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Zhu Aimei
- First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Liu Jihua
- First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Shi Xuefa
- First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266061, China
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11
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Spatiotemporal Distributions of Sr and Ba along an Estuarine River with a Large Salinity Gradient to the Gulf of Mexico. WATER 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/w8080323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Imhof HK, Laforsch C, Wiesheu AC, Schmid J, Anger PM, Niessner R, Ivleva NP. Pigments and plastic in limnetic ecosystems: A qualitative and quantitative study on microparticles of different size classes. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 98:64-74. [PMID: 27082693 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Recently, macroplastic (>5 mm) and especially microplastic (<5 mm) particles have been reported as emerging contaminants in marine and limnetic ecosystems. Their coloration is gained by the addition of pigments to the polymer blend which is the major component of the respective product. However, color is also a feature of paint and coatings whereby the pigment is the major component. Once abraded from a surface, paint particles may enter the environment via similar pathways as microplastic particles. So far no detailed studies of microplastic particles (pigmented and non-pigmented) as well as paint particles have been performed focusing on very small microparticles (1-50 μm), in either marine or limnetic ecosystems. Using Raman microspectroscopy with a spatial resolution down to 1 μm, we report a remarkable increase in the occurrence of (pigmented) microplastic particles below 500 μm. Among those, most particles were found at a size of ∼130 μm in a freshwater ecosystem (subalpine Lake Garda, Italy). Moreover, our qualitative and quantitative analyses revealed that the number of paint microparticles significantly increased below the size range of 50 μm due to their brittleness (the smallest detected paint particle had a size of 4 μm). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry measurements showed that both colored particles found in nature as well as virgin particles contain a high variety of metals such as cadmium, lead and copper. These additives may elicit adverse effects in biota ingesting these microparticles, thus paints and associated compounds may act as formerly overlooked contaminants in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes K Imhof
- Department of Animal Ecology I and BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany; Department of Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Grosshaderner Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christian Laforsch
- Department of Animal Ecology I and BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Alexandra C Wiesheu
- Institute of Hydrochemistry (IWC), Chair for Analytical Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Marchioninistr. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Schmid
- Institute of Hydrochemistry (IWC), Chair for Analytical Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Marchioninistr. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp M Anger
- Institute of Hydrochemistry (IWC), Chair for Analytical Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Marchioninistr. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Reinhard Niessner
- Institute of Hydrochemistry (IWC), Chair for Analytical Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Marchioninistr. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Natalia P Ivleva
- Institute of Hydrochemistry (IWC), Chair for Analytical Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Marchioninistr. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany.
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13
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Yan B, Passow U, Chanton JP, Nöthig EM, Asper V, Sweet J, Pitiranggon M, Diercks A, Pak D. Sustained deposition of contaminants from the Deepwater Horizon spill. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E3332-40. [PMID: 27247393 PMCID: PMC4914201 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1513156113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill resulted in 1.6-2.6 × 10(10) grams of petrocarbon accumulation on the seafloor. Data from a deep sediment trap, deployed 7.4 km SW of the well between August 2010 and October 2011, disclose that the sinking of spill-associated substances, mediated by marine particles, especially phytoplankton, continued at least 5 mo following the capping of the well. In August/September 2010, an exceptionally large diatom bloom sedimentation event coincided with elevated sinking rates of oil-derived hydrocarbons, black carbon, and two key components of drilling mud, barium and olefins. Barium remained in the water column for months and even entered pelagic food webs. Both saturated and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon source indicators corroborate a predominant contribution of crude oil to the sinking hydrocarbons. Cosedimentation with diatoms accumulated contaminants that were dispersed in the water column and transported them downward, where they were concentrated into the upper centimeters of the seafloor, potentially leading to sustained impact on benthic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beizhan Yan
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964;
| | - Uta Passow
- Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106;
| | - Jeffrey P Chanton
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306
| | - Eva-Maria Nöthig
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Vernon Asper
- Department of Marine Science, The University of Southern Mississippi, Stennis Space Center, MS 39529
| | - Julia Sweet
- Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106
| | - Masha Pitiranggon
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964
| | - Arne Diercks
- Department of Marine Science, The University of Southern Mississippi, Stennis Space Center, MS 39529
| | - Dorothy Pak
- Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106
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López-Roldán R, Jubany I, Martí V, González S, Cortina JL. Ecological screening indicators of stress and risk for the Llobregat river water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 263 Pt 1:239-247. [PMID: 23911059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this article is to develop and apply several simple and rough indicators for river aquatic ecosystems assessment in order to screen potential chemical stressors. Several indicators, based on toxicity (PNEC) and on legislation levels (EQS) have been developed. All these indicators are ratios that were calculated by using public and private data of concentrations of a large list of compounds during a period of five years, including metals and organic compounds in the lower part of the Llobregat river basin at the intake of the drinking water treatment plant. Additionally, new campaigns were executed for increasing the information available on the presence of compounds not routinely analyzed, such as some other pesticides and pharmaceuticals. In the case of inorganic pollutants, the indicators obtained in this river section showed significant risk especially for zinc, but also for copper, nickel and barium. For organic pollutants, the pesticides terbuthylazine, diazinon, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic (MCPA), and in a few cases, chlorpyrifos and lindane, also showed indexes above the threshold. Among the pharmaceuticals, the antibiotics clarithromycin and ciprofloxacin were the only ones with risk indicators adverse to ecosystems. The specific values of the indexes obtained rely on the quantity and quality of the data available, so their interpretation should take into account that some values can be high due to the use of too conservative toxicological information.
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15
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Brinke M, Heininger P, Traunspurger W. Effects of a bioassay-derived ivermectin lowest observed effect concentration on life-cycle traits of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2013; 22:148-155. [PMID: 23161368 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-012-1011-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The pharmaceutical ivermectin is used to treat parasitic infections, such as those caused by nematodes. While several studies have demonstrated the severe effects of ivermectin on non-target organisms, little is known about the drug's impact on free-living nematodes. In the present work, a full life-cycle experiment was conducted to estimate how an ivermectin lowest observed effect concentration derived from a Caenorhabditis elegans bioassay (endpoint reproduction) might translate into effects at the population level of this free-living nematode. The results showed that fecundity decreased to levels similar to those determined in the bioassay after a time of corresponding duration (18.6 % inhibition compared to the control), but the impact then rather weakened until the end of the experiment, at which point the net reproductive rate (R(0)) was still, but not significantly, reduced by 12.4 %. Moreover, the average lifespan, length of the reproductive period, maximum daily reproduction rate, and intrinsic rate of increase (r(m)) were significantly reduced by 30.0, 25.9, 11.2, and 3.5 %, respectively. The experiment revealed that a 4-day bioassay is protective enough for C. elegans with respect to ivermectin's effects on fecundity. However, the pronounced effects of a low drug concentration on survival, a highly elastic trait, may better account for the observed population-level response, i.e., a decrease of r(m), than the effects on fecundity. These results emphasize that full life-cycle experiments are valuable for assessment of pollutants, because the effects on several life-cycle traits can be simultaneously measured and integrated into an ecologically relevant parameter, the population growth rate, that reflects a population's response to a specific pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Brinke
- Department of Animal Ecology, University of Bielefeld, Morgenbreede 45, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
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