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Male YT, Reichelt-Brushett A, Burton ED, Nanlohy A. Assessment of mercury distribution and bioavailability from informal coastal cinnabar mining - Risk to the marine environment. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 199:116047. [PMID: 38237248 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Coastal cinnabar mining commenced in 2010 around Luhu on Seram (Ceram) Island, Indonesia. This study investigates the ore characteristics and environmental distribution and bioavailability of mercury in coastal sediments from eight sites adjacent to, and north and south of the mining area. Sediment and ore samples were digested using 1:3 HNO3:HCl for total extractable metal determination and separate samples were extracted with 1.0 HCl for bioavailable metals (Hg, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni and Pb). Analysis was completed using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Ore defined by miners as 'first class ore' was around 50 % cinnabar. Mercury concentrations were extremely elevated in near coastal sediments (up to 2796 mg/kg) with bioavailable concentrations exceeding 450 mg/kg. Marine sediments elevated in mercury extend to the north and south of the coastal mine site and cover in excess of 14 km. Total organic carbon in marine sediments was relatively low (predominately <0.6 %) suggesting mercury methylation will likely be slow, however, inorganic mercury is a known toxicant. Other metals of environmental concern (Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni and Pb) in sediments were not strongly associated with the mining operations, rather were elevated around coastal villages, but not at concentrations that raise immediate concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusthinus Tobias Male
- Department Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
| | | | - Edward D Burton
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Alberth Nanlohy
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, University of Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
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de Oliveira AT, Rodrigues PDA, Ramos Filho AM, Gomes MFDS, Liebl ARDS, de Pinho JV, Aride PHR, Conte-Junior CA. Levels of Total Mercury and Health Risk Assessment of Consuming Freshwater Stingrays (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygoninae) of the Brazilian Amazon. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6990. [PMID: 37947548 PMCID: PMC10647567 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20216990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is an element with potential risk to fish and those who consume it. Thus, this study aimed to determine the levels of total mercury (THg), carry out a health risk assessment related to the consumption of the freshwater stingrays Potamotrygon motoro, and determine the physical and chemical properties of the water where stingrays occur. Stingrays of the species P. motoro were obtained from the Amazon River, and samples of the animals' musculature were collected to determine THg levels. Risk assessment was conducted using pre-established formulas of estimated monthly intake (EMI), maximum monthly intake rate (IRmm), and hazard quotient (HQ). Three population scenarios were evaluated, considering both sexes and differences between rural and urban areas. There was no relationship between weight and THg concentration nor between total length and THg concentration. Higher EMI values were observed in rural children; for the IRmm, male children had the lowest consumption levels. For the hazard quotient, there was a similarity between the three age groups when comparing the male and female sexes. In addition, the representatives of the rural area always had lower values than the urban area. Freshwater stingrays, like other elasmobranchs, can be crucial animal species because they act as sentinels in studies that assess harmful chemicals like mercury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Teixeira de Oliveira
- Animal Morphophysiology Laboratory, Academic Department of Teacher Training (DAEF), Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazonas (IFAM), Manaus Centro Campus (CMC), Manaus 69020-120, AM, Brazil; (M.F.d.S.G.); (A.R.d.S.L.); (P.H.R.A.)
- Graduate Program in Animal Science and Fisheries Resources (PPGCARP), Faculty of Agricultural Sciences (FCA), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), University Campus, Manaus 69077-000, AM, Brazil
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil; (P.d.A.R.); (A.M.R.F.); (J.V.d.P.); (C.A.C.-J.)
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paloma de Almeida Rodrigues
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil; (P.d.A.R.); (A.M.R.F.); (J.V.d.P.); (C.A.C.-J.)
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Mendes Ramos Filho
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil; (P.d.A.R.); (A.M.R.F.); (J.V.d.P.); (C.A.C.-J.)
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda da Silva Gomes
- Animal Morphophysiology Laboratory, Academic Department of Teacher Training (DAEF), Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazonas (IFAM), Manaus Centro Campus (CMC), Manaus 69020-120, AM, Brazil; (M.F.d.S.G.); (A.R.d.S.L.); (P.H.R.A.)
- Graduate Program in Animal Science and Fisheries Resources (PPGCARP), Faculty of Agricultural Sciences (FCA), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), University Campus, Manaus 69077-000, AM, Brazil
| | - Ariany Rabello da Silva Liebl
- Animal Morphophysiology Laboratory, Academic Department of Teacher Training (DAEF), Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazonas (IFAM), Manaus Centro Campus (CMC), Manaus 69020-120, AM, Brazil; (M.F.d.S.G.); (A.R.d.S.L.); (P.H.R.A.)
| | - Júlia Vianna de Pinho
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil; (P.d.A.R.); (A.M.R.F.); (J.V.d.P.); (C.A.C.-J.)
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Sanitary Surveillance (PPGVS), National Institute of Health Quality Control (INCQS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
- National Institute of Health Quality Control, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Rocha Aride
- Animal Morphophysiology Laboratory, Academic Department of Teacher Training (DAEF), Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazonas (IFAM), Manaus Centro Campus (CMC), Manaus 69020-120, AM, Brazil; (M.F.d.S.G.); (A.R.d.S.L.); (P.H.R.A.)
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil; (P.d.A.R.); (A.M.R.F.); (J.V.d.P.); (C.A.C.-J.)
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Sanitary Surveillance (PPGVS), National Institute of Health Quality Control (INCQS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
- National Institute of Health Quality Control, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Hygiene (PPGHV), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Vital Brazil Filho, Niteroi 24220-000, RJ, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Food Science (PPGCAL), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
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Morais T, Moleiro P, Leite C, Coppola F, Pinto J, Henriques B, Soares AMVM, Pereira E, Freitas R. Ecotoxicological impacts of metals in single and co-exposure on mussels: Comparison of observable and predicted results. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 881:163165. [PMID: 37003315 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Used in high-tech and everyday products, mercury (Hg), cobalt (Co), and nickel (Ni) are known to be persistent and potentially toxic elements that pose a serious threat to the most vulnerable ecosystems. Despite being on the Priority Hazardous Substances List, existing studies have only assessed the individual toxicity of Co, Ni and Hg in aquatic organisms, with a focus on the latter, ignoring potential synergistic effects that may occur in real-world contamination scenarios. The present study evaluated the responses of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, recognized as a good bioindicator of pollution, after exposure to Hg (25 μg/L), Co (200 μg/L) and Ni (200 μg/L) individually, and to the mixture of the three metals at the same concentration. The exposure lasted 28 days at 17 ± 1 °C, after which metal accumulation and a set of biomarkers related to organisms' metabolic capacity and oxidative status were measured. The results showed that the mussels could accumulate metals in both single- and co-exposure conditions (bioconcentration factors between 115 and 808) and that exposure to metals induced the activation of antioxidant enzymes. Although Hg concentration in organisms in the mixture decreased significantly compared to single exposure (9.4 ± 0.8 vs 21 ± 0.7 mg/kg), the negative effects increased in the mixture of the three elements, resulting in depletion of energy reserves, activation of antioxidants and detoxification enzymes, and cellular damage, with a hormesis response pattern. This study underscores the importance of risk assessment studies that include the effects of the combination of pollutants and demonstrates the limitations of applying models to predict metal mixture toxicity, especially when a hormesis response is given by the organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Morais
- Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Moleiro
- Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carla Leite
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Francesca Coppola
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João Pinto
- Departamento de Química & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Henriques
- Departamento de Química & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- Departamento de Química & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Yánez-Jácome GS, Romero-Estévez D, Vélez-Terreros PY, Navarrete H. Total mercury and fatty acids content in selected fish marketed in Quito - Ecuador. A benefit-risk assessment. Toxicol Rep 2023; 10:647-658. [PMID: 37250532 PMCID: PMC10220416 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Total mercury and fatty acids contents were determined in muscles of croaker, snapper, dolphinfish, blue marlin, and shark, from different markets in the Metropolitan District of Quito, Ecuador. Fifty-five samples were collected and analyzed for total mercury using cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry, and the fatty acids were analyzed using gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector. The lowest total mercury levels were found in snapper [0.041 µg·g-1 wet weight (ww)] while blue marlin showed the highest (5.883 µg·g-1 ww). EPA + DHA ranged from 1.0 mg·g-1 in snapper to 2.4 mg·g-1 in shark. A high omega-3/omega-6 ratio was found for all fish types; however, the HQEFA for the benefit-risk ratio was above 1, suggesting an evident risk to human health. Based on our results, consumption of croaker and dolphinfish is recommended up to one serving per week, considering the importance of EFAs intake and avoiding fish with elevated MeHg content. Therefore, Ecuadorian authorities could enhance public standards for seafood safety and develop consumer advice for pregnant women and young children to determine good fish choices or those to avoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela S. Yánez-Jácome
- Centro de Estudios Aplicados en Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 170525, Ecuador
| | - David Romero-Estévez
- Centro de Estudios Aplicados en Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 170525, Ecuador
| | - Pamela Y. Vélez-Terreros
- Centro de Estudios Aplicados en Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 170525, Ecuador
| | - Hugo Navarrete
- Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 170525, Ecuador
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Rodrigues PDA, Ferrari RG, do Rosário DKA, Hauser-Davis RA, Lopes AP, Neves Dos Santos AFG, Conte-Junior CA. Interactions between mercury and environmental factors: A chemometric assessment in seafood from an eutrophic estuary in southeastern Brazil. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 236:105844. [PMID: 33991843 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Guanabara Bay (GB) is an estuary in Brazil, constantly the target of pollutants, such as mercury (Hg). Thus, our study aimed to evaluate (i) total mercury (THg) content in shrimp and squid species from GB; (ii) associate THg content to contamination in swimming crabs; (iii) explore potential differences between species, and size; (iv) correlate abiotic water data to the determined THg contents; (v) verify if Hg concentrations are below acceptable limits. Swimming crabs showed greater Hg contamination compared to other species. For shrimp only biometric variables are related to Hg, while for squid, only abiotic. Only squids did not show a correlation between Hg and animal size. Finally, the detected Hg values are below the tolerable limits established by legislations. Our results indicate that the dynamics of Hg contamination differs between groups and that further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms that affect bioaccumulation in different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma de Almeida Rodrigues
- Molecular and Analytical Laboratory Center, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, 24230-340, Brazil.
| | - Rafaela Gomes Ferrari
- Chemistry Institute, Food Science Program, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909, Brazil; Agrarian Sciences Center, Department of Zootechnics, Federal University of Paraiba, Paraíba, Brazil.
| | - Denes Kaic Alves do Rosário
- Chemistry Institute, Food Science Program, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909, Brazil.
| | - Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Amanda Pontes Lopes
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Ichthyology, Department of Ecology and Marine Resources, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 22.290-240, Brazil
| | - Alejandra Filippo Gonzalez Neves Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Applied Ecology, Department of Zootechny and Sustainable Socioenvironmental Development, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Rua Vital Brasil Filho, 64, 24230-340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Molecular and Analytical Laboratory Center, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, 24230-340, Brazil; Chemistry Institute, Food Science Program, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909, Brazil; National Institute of Health Quality Control, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
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Chen Q, An J, Xie D, Gong S, Lian X, Liu Z, Shen Y, Li Y. Suppression and recovery of reproductive behavior induced by early life exposure to mercury in zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 239:108876. [PMID: 32835856 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
While mercury (Hg)-induced reproductive impairments have been demonstrated in fishes, the effects of exposure to Hg2+ during early life stages on the reproductive behavior in adulthood and the persistency of these effects in the next generation remain largely unknown. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to 0.6, 3, or 15 μg·L-1 Hg2+ for 5 days and then reared for an additional 115 days in clean water, from which embryos were obtained and cultured in clean water for 120 days as the F1 generation. Increased Hg levels in brains and decreased survival and growth were observed in individuals exposed to Hg2+ during early life stages. Early life exposure to Hg2+ reduced the frequency of touching in males as well as the frequency and duration of visits to the spawning area by females, males, or both sexes simultaneously, and resulted in lesser spawning and fertilization. Moreover, early life exposure to Hg2+ interfered with the transcription of genes encoding neuropeptides and hormones related to reproduction, which could be responsible for diminished sexual behavior and reduced reproductive outcomes. In the F1 generation, such alterations were not observed in either females or males, indicating that the disruption of normal patterns of reproductive behavior caused by early life exposure to Hg2+ did not persist and was recovered. Overall, this study demonstrated that exposure to Hg2+ during early life stages suppressed the reproductive behavior of adult fish but this disruption could be recovered in the F1 generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiliang Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Jingjing An
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Dongmei Xie
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Shiling Gong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xiaolong Lian
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yanjun Shen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yingwen Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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Ayyat MS, Ayyat AMN, Abd El-Latif KM, Hessein AAA, Al-Sagheer AA. Inorganic mercury and dietary safe feed additives enriched diet impacts on growth, immunity, tissue bioaccumulation, and disease resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 224:105494. [PMID: 32422488 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the impacts of dietary exposure to inorganic mercury (Hg) for a long duration on the health indicators, growth, and disease resistance in Oreochromis niloticus. Accordingly, the current study was designed to assess the effects of Hg contaminated diets on blood biochemistry, growth, chemical composition, Hg bioaccumulation in the tissues, histopathology of liver and head kidneys, and disease resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of O. niloticus. Also, the efficiency of citronella oil, geranium oil (GO), curcumin (CUR), Bacillus toyonensis (BT), and Bacillus subtilis (BS) as dietary supplements on reversing the negative impacts of Hg were assessed. A total of 240 tilapia fingerlings were assigned to eight dietary treatments fed on the basal diet (G1), G1 diet contaminated with 50 ppm Hg (G2), whereas the other groups fed the G2 diet and enriched with 400 mg CO (G3), 400 mg GO (G4), 200 mg CUR (G5), 7 × 107 cells BT (G6), 7 × 107 cells BS (G7), and 7 × 107 BT + BS/ kg diet (G8) for 16 weeks. The obtained results showed that fish fed on the G2 diet had significantly impaired growth performance indicators, blood parameters, and resistance to bacterial infection compared with fish in the control group. Additionally, distinct pathological perturbations in liver and head kidneys were observed. In contrast, fish groups G3 to G8 had a significant enhancement in the growth performance, Hg bioaccumulation in fish tissues, blood biochemistry, and resistance against A. hydrophila infection compared with fish in the G2 group. Maximum improvement was recorded in G5, G6, and G8. Conclusively, from both health and an economic point of view, these results suggested that several benefits might be gained by adding these additives, especially CUR, BT, and BT + BS, on growth enhancement and ameliorating Hg negative impacts in O. niloticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Salah Ayyat
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Mohamed Nabil Ayyat
- Department of Fish Nutrition and Feed Technology, Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abassa, Abu Hammad, Sharkia, Egypt
| | | | - Amira A A Hessein
- Department of Fish Nutrition and Feed Technology, Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abassa, Abu Hammad, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Adham A Al-Sagheer
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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Optimization of a Digestion Method to Determine Total Mercury in Fish Tissue by Cold Vapor Atomic Fluorescence Spectrophotometry. Methods Protoc 2020; 3:mps3020045. [PMID: 32585795 PMCID: PMC7359707 DOI: 10.3390/mps3020045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Several microwave-assisted digestion methods were tested at the Centro de Estudios Aplicados en Química laboratory in Quito, Ecuador, to determine the accuracy and performance efficiency of the mineralization process for the determination of total mercury in fish tissue by cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry. The use of MARSEasyPrep high-pressure vessels, low amounts of reagents (1 cm3 HNO3, 1 cm3 H2O2, and 1 cm3 HClO4), an irradiation temperature of 210 °C, and 35 min of mineralization time resulted in accurate performance, with recoveries of certified reference material DORM-4 between 90.1% and 105.8%. This is better than the Association of Official Analytical Chemists 2015.01 method, which has a reported accuracy of 81%. The repeatability precision and intermediate precision were established at three concentration levels (0.167, 0.500, and 0.833 mg·kg−1) and expressed as the percentage of the relative standard deviation ranging from 1.5% to 3.0% and 1.7% to 4.2%, respectively. Further, the method was satisfactorily applied to analyze fortified samples of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), with recoveries ranging from 98.3% to 104.3%. The instrumental limits of detection and quantification were 0.118 µg·dm−3 and 0.394 µg·dm−3, respectively.
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Evaluation of Dietary Organic and Inorganic Mercury Threshold Levels on Induced Mercury Toxicity in a Marine Fish Model. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10030405. [PMID: 32121390 PMCID: PMC7142919 DOI: 10.3390/ani10030405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This investigation was executed to establish the threshold level of inorganic and organic mercury incorporated in the diet of juvenile olive flounder in relation to the broken-line regression model for the percentage of weight gain of fish. Organic mercury incorporated diet resulted in more toxic behavior than its counterpart inorganic mercury in olive flounder. Mercury was found to be more biomagnified in kidney tissue than liver and gill tissues of fish. The study has importance in terms of knowledge on mercury toxicity in marine fish. Abstract Mercury as one of the most toxic elements can be present in organic or inorganic form in marine fishes, which may cause a potential threat to public health. In this study, we investigated to determine the dietary organic (O-Hg) and inorganic (I-Hg) mercury threshold levels on induced mercury toxicity in juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus as a marine fish model. Twenty-eight fish averaging 3.1 ± 0.05 g (mean ± SD) were arbitrarily assigned to each of 27 tanks. Each tank was arbitrarily restricted to triplicates of nine experimental diets for eight weeks. The experimental diets were manufactured to contain 0 (Control), 10 (I-Hg10, O-Hg10), 20 (I-Hg20, O-Hg20), 40 (I-Hg40, O-Hg40) and 160 (I-Hg160, O-Hg160) mg/kg diet in organic form as methylmercury (MeHg) or in inorganic form as mercuric chloride (HgCl2). At the termination of the experimental trial, weight gains (WGs) of fish fed the control and 10 (I-Hg10, O-Hg10) diets were remarkably higher than those of fish fed the 20 (I-Hg20, O-Hg20), 40 (I-Hg40, O-Hg40) and 160 (I-Hg160, O-Hg160) (p < 0.05). Specific growth rate and feed efficiency of fish fed control and 10 (I-Hg10, O-Hg10) diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed 40 (I-Hg40, O-Hg40) and 160 (I-Hg160, O-Hg160) diets. In comparison to the dietary inorganic mercury, dietary MeHg bioaccumulation rates were significantly higher in the tissue levels according to the dietary inclusion levels. MeHg accumulated mostly in kidney, followed by liver and gill tissues. HgCl2 accumulated in tissues, in decreasing order, liver > kidney > gills. A broken-line regression model for percentage of WG indicated that the threshold toxicity level for an Hg-incorporated diet of juvenile olive flounder could be 13.5 mg Hg/kg in the form of HgCl2 and 8.7 mg Hg/kg in the form of MeHg.
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Mearns AJ, Bissell M, Morrison AM, Rempel-Hester MA, Arthur C, Rutherford N. Effects of pollution on marine organisms. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2019; 91:1229-1252. [PMID: 31513312 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This review covers selected 2018 articles on the biological effects of pollutants, including human physical disturbances, on marine and estuarine plants, animals, ecosystems, and habitats. The review, based largely on journal articles, covers field and laboratory measurement activities (bioaccumulation of contaminants, field assessment surveys, toxicity testing, and biomarkers) as well as pollution issues of current interest including endocrine disrupters, emerging contaminants, wastewater discharges, marine debris, dredging, and disposal. Special emphasis is placed on effects of oil spills and marine debris due largely to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil blowout in the Gulf of Mexico and proliferation of data on the assimilation and effects of marine debris. Several topical areas reviewed in the past (e.g., mass mortalities ocean acidification) were dropped this year. The focus of this review is on effects, not on pollutant sources, chemistry, fate, or transport. There is considerable overlap across subject areas (e.g., some bioaccumulation data may be appear in other topical categories such as effects of wastewater discharges, or biomarker studies appearing in oil toxicity literature). Therefore, we strongly urge readers to use keyword searching of the text and references to locate related but distributed information. Although nearly 400 papers are cited, these now represent a fraction of the literature on these subjects. Use this review mainly as a starting point. And please consult the original papers before citing them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J Mearns
- Emergency Response Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, Washington
| | - Mathew Bissell
- Emergency Response Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | | | - Nicolle Rutherford
- Emergency Response Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, Washington
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de Almeida Rodrigues P, Ferrari RG, Dos Santos LN, Conte Junior CA. Mercury in aquatic fauna contamination: A systematic review on its dynamics and potential health risks. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 84:205-218. [PMID: 31284912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is an important pollutant, released into aquatic ecosystems both naturally and by anthropogenic action. This element is transferred to aquatic organisms in different ways, causing potential health risks. In addition, mercury can be accumulated by humans, especially through the consumption of contaminated food. This systematic review aims to present mercury pathways, the major routes through which this element reaches the aquatic environment and its transformations until becoming available to living animals, leading to bioaccumulation and biomagnification phenomena. The key biotic and abiotic factors affecting such processes, the impact of mercury on animal and human health and the issue of seafood consumption as a source of chronic mercury contamination are also addressed. A total of 101 articles were retrieved from a standardized search on three databases (PubMed, Emabse, and Web of Science), in addition to 28 other studies not found on these databases but considered fundamental to this review (totaling 129 articles). Both biotic and abiotic factors display fundamental importance in mediating mercurial dynamics, i.e., muscle tropism, and salinity, respectively. Consequently, mercurial contamination in aquatic environments affects animal health, especially the risk of extinction species and also on human health, with methylmercury the main mercury species responsible for acute and chronic symptomatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma de Almeida Rodrigues
- Molecular and Analytical Laboratory Center, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Gomes Ferrari
- Molecular and Analytical Laboratory Center, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil; Chemistry Institute, Food Science Program, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciano Neves Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Ichthyology, Department of Ecology and Marine Resources, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte Junior
- Molecular and Analytical Laboratory Center, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil; Chemistry Institute, Food Science Program, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; National Institute of Health Quality Control, Fundaçãeo Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Pereira P, Korbas M, Pereira V, Cappello T, Maisano M, Canário J, Almeida A, Pacheco M. A multidimensional concept for mercury neuronal and sensory toxicity in fish - From toxicokinetics and biochemistry to morphometry and behavior. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:129298. [PMID: 30768958 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuronal and sensory toxicity of mercury (Hg) compounds has been largely investigated in humans/mammals with a focus on public health, while research in fish is less prolific and dispersed by different species. Well-established premises for mammals have been governing fish research, but some contradictory findings suggest that knowledge translation between these animal groups needs prudence [e.g. the relative higher neurotoxicity of methylmercury (MeHg) vs. inorganic Hg (iHg)]. Biochemical/physiological differences between the groups (e.g. higher brain regeneration in fish) may determine distinct patterns. This review undertakes the challenge of identifying sensitive cellular targets, Hg-driven biochemical/physiological vulnerabilities in fish, while discriminating specificities for Hg forms. SCOPE OF REVIEW A functional neuroanatomical perspective was conceived, comprising: (i) Hg occurrence in the aquatic environment; (ii) toxicokinetics on central nervous system (CNS)/sensory organs; (iii) effects on neurotransmission; (iv) biochemical/physiological effects on CNS/sensory organs; (v) morpho-structural changes on CNS/sensory organs; (vi) behavioral effects. The literature was also analyzed to generate a multidimensional conceptualization translated into a Rubik's Cube where key factors/processes were proposed. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Hg neurosensory toxicity was unequivocally demonstrated. Some correspondence with toxicity mechanisms described for mammals (mainly at biochemical level) was identified. Although the research has been dispersed by numerous fish species, 29 key factors/processes were pinpointed. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Future trends were identified and translated into 25 factors/processes to be addressed. Unveiling the neurosensory toxicity of Hg in fish has a major motivation of protecting ichtyopopulations and ecosystems, but can also provide fundamental knowledge to the field of human neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Pereira
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Malgorzata Korbas
- Science Division, Canadian Light Source Inc., Saskatoon, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Vitória Pereira
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Tiziana Cappello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy
| | - Maria Maisano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy
| | - João Canário
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Armando Almeida
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine (EM), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, Braga 4750-057, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
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Harayashiki CAY, Reichelt-Brushett A, Benkendorff K. Behavioural and brain biomarker responses in yellowfin bream (Acanthopagrus australis) after inorganic mercury ingestion. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 144:62-71. [PMID: 30594313 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To assess the effects of inorganic mercury ingestion on fish general behaviour and brain biochemical markers (acetylcholinesterase - AChE; lipid peroxidation - LPO; glutathione S-transferase - GST; catalase - CAT), juvenile yellowfin bream (Acanthopagrus australis) were fed mercury dosed food (low = 0.7 mg kg-1, medium = 2.4 mg kg-1 and high = 6 mg kg-1) or undosed food (control = 0.2 mg kg-1) for up to 16 days (5 replicates per treatment). Behavioural indicators, LPO levels and GST activity significantly changed overtime, but were not affected by mercury concentration. In contrast, CAT activity was higher in exposed fish in comparison to controls after 4 days, but not after 8 and 16 days. An additional depuration treatment was evaluated and fish from this treatment were less active and had significantly lower LPO levels and CAT activity than fish constantly exposed to the medium treatment. Overall, results from the present study indicate that a diet containing inorganic mercury impaired yellowfin bream growth and initially affected fish brain CAT activity, however fish were able to recover even with continuous exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyntia Ayumi Yokota Harayashiki
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering. Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia; National Marine Science Centre. Southern Cross University, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia; CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasilia, DF 70040-020, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Reichelt-Brushett
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering. Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
| | - Kirsten Benkendorff
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering. Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
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Harayashiki CAY, Reichelt-Brushett A, Butcher P, Benkendorff K. Ingestion of inorganic mercury by juvenile black tiger prawns (Penaeus monodon) alters biochemical markers. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2018; 27:1225-1236. [PMID: 30187358 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-1975-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
There is a lack of information regarding the effects on biochemical markers in invertebrates diet-exposed to inorganic mercury. In the present study, juvenile black tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) were fed with food dosed with mercuric chloride (low: 0.2 mg kg-1; medium: 0.77 mg kg-1; high: 1.41 mg kg-1; higher: 2.52 mg kg-1) and control (0.03 mg kg-1) over 12 days. At the end of exposure periods, ventral nerve cord, compound eyes and muscle were dissected for biochemical marker analyses (acetylcholinesterase - AChE; lipoperoxidation - LPO; glutathione S-transferase - GST; catalase - CAT). Prawn muscle showed an increase in total mercury concentration over time for low and high treatments, but did not show an accumulation in comparison to controls. AChE activity tended to decrease over time in all tissues. CAT activity increased over time in controls and lower dose treatments but was suppressed in the higher treatment relative to controls on day 12; indicating that inorganic mercury is impacting the normal stress response by reducing the capacity to degrade hydrogen peroxide. In contrast, no effect was observed in LPO and GST activity. A depuration treatment was performed and compared to medium treatment; only AChE and GST activities from muscle showed significant difference, with AChE activity from depuration treatment lower than medium treatment, while the opposite was observed in GST activity. Overall, the low mercury accumulation observed over 12 days of exposure may have limited the biochemical stress responses, which could also have limited the detection of differences in the depuration treatment relative to medium treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyntia Ayumi Yokota Harayashiki
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia.
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia.
- CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasilia, DF, 70040-020, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Reichelt-Brushett
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
| | - Paul Butcher
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia
| | - Kirsten Benkendorff
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
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