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Machado M, Cruz F, Cunha A, Ramos-Pinto L, Laranjeira A, Pacheco M, Rocha RJM, Costas B. Dietary Salicornia ramosissima improves the European seabass ( Dicentrarchus labrax) inflammatory response against Photobacterium damselae piscicida. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1342144. [PMID: 38500885 PMCID: PMC10944916 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1342144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Modern fish farming faces challenges in sourcing feed ingredients, most related with their prices, 21 availability, and specifically for plant protein sources, competition for the limited cultivation space for 22 vegetable crops. In that sense, halophytes have the added value of being rich in valuable bioactive compounds and salt tolerant. This study assessed the inclusion of non-food fractions of S. ramosissima in European seabass diets. Methods Different levels (2.5%, 5%, and 10%) were incorporated into seabass diets, replacing wheat meal (diets ST2.5, ST5, and ST10) or without inclusion (CTRL). Experimental diets were administered to seabass juveniles (8.62 ± 0.63 g) for 34 and 62 days and subsequent inflammatory responses to a heat-inactivated Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (Phdp) were evaluated in a time-course manner (4, 24, 48, and 72 h after the challenge). At each sampling point, seabass haematological profile, plasma immune parameters, and head-kidney immune-related gene expression were evaluated. Results After both feeding periods, most parameters remained unaltered by S. ramosissima inclusion; nonetheless, seabass fed ST10 showed an upregulation of macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor 1 (mcsf1r1) and cluster of differentiation 8 (cd8β) compared with those fed CTRL after 62 days of feeding. Regarding the inflammatory response, seabass fed ST10 showed lower plasma lysozyme levels than their counterparts fed ST2.5 and ST5 at 24 h following injection, while 4 h after the inflammatory stimulus, seabass fed ST10 presented higher numbers of peritoneal leucocytes than fish fed CTRL. Moreover, at 4 h, fish fed ST2.5, ST5, and ST10 showed a higher expression of interleukin 1β (il1β), while fish fed ST5 showed higher levels of ornithine decarboxylase (odc) than those fed CTRL. An upregulation of macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor 1 (mcsf1r1) and glutathione peroxidase (gpx) was also observed at 72 h in fish fed ST10 or ST5 and ST10 compared with CTRL, respectively. Discussion In conclusion, incorporating up to 10% of the non-food fraction S. ramosissima in feed did not compromise seabass growth or immune status after 62 days, aligning with circular economy principles. However, S. ramosissima inclusion improved the leucocyte response and upregulated key immune-related genes in seabass challenged with an inactivated pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Machado
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Francisco Cruz
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Escola Superior de Turismo e Tecnologia do Mar de Peniche, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - André Cunha
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS-UP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lourenço Ramos-Pinto
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | | | - Mário Pacheco
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Benjamín Costas
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS-UP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Barreto A, Couto A, Jerónimo D, Laranjeira A, Silva B, Nunes C, Veríssimo ACS, Pinto DCGA, Dias J, Pacheco M, Costas B, Rocha RJM. Salicornia ramosissima Biomass as a Partial Replacement of Wheat Meal in Diets for Juvenile European Seabass ( Dicentrarchus labrax). Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:614. [PMID: 38396582 PMCID: PMC10886228 DOI: 10.3390/ani14040614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The green tips of Salicornia ramosissima are used for human consumption, while, in a production scenario, the rest of the plant is considered a residue. This study evaluated the potential of incorporating salicornia by-products in diets for juvenile European seabass, partially replacing wheat meal, aspiring to contribute to their valorization. A standard diet and three experimental diets including salicornia in 2.5%, 5% and 10% inclusion levels were tested in triplicate. After 62 days of feeding, no significant differences between treatments were observed in fish growth performances, feeding efficiency and economic conversation ratio. Nutrient digestibility of the experimental diets was unaffected by the inclusion of salicornia when compared to a standard diet. Additionally, salicornia had significant modulatory effects on the fish muscle biochemical profiles, namely by significantly decreasing lactic acid and increasing succinic acid levels, which can potentially signal health-promoting effects for the fish. Increases in DHA levels in fish fed a diet containing 10% salicornia were also shown. Therefore, the results suggest that salicornia by-products are a viable alternative to partially replace wheat meal in diets for juvenile European seabass, contributing to the valorization of a residue and the implementation of a circular economy paradigm in halophyte farming and aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Barreto
- Riasearch Lda, Cais da Ribeira de Pardelhas, no. 21, 3870-168 Murtosa, Portugal; (D.J.); (A.L.); (B.S.); (R.J.M.R.)
| | - Ana Couto
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (A.C.); (C.N.); (B.C.)
| | - Daniel Jerónimo
- Riasearch Lda, Cais da Ribeira de Pardelhas, no. 21, 3870-168 Murtosa, Portugal; (D.J.); (A.L.); (B.S.); (R.J.M.R.)
| | - Adriana Laranjeira
- Riasearch Lda, Cais da Ribeira de Pardelhas, no. 21, 3870-168 Murtosa, Portugal; (D.J.); (A.L.); (B.S.); (R.J.M.R.)
| | - Bruna Silva
- Riasearch Lda, Cais da Ribeira de Pardelhas, no. 21, 3870-168 Murtosa, Portugal; (D.J.); (A.L.); (B.S.); (R.J.M.R.)
| | - Catarina Nunes
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (A.C.); (C.N.); (B.C.)
| | - Ana C. S. Veríssimo
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.S.V.); (D.C.G.A.P.)
| | - Diana C. G. A. Pinto
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.S.V.); (D.C.G.A.P.)
| | - Jorge Dias
- Sparos Lda, Área Empresarial de Marim, Lote C, 8700-221 Olhão, Portugal;
| | - Mário Pacheco
- CESAM, Departamento de Biologia, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Benjamin Costas
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (A.C.); (C.N.); (B.C.)
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui J. M. Rocha
- Riasearch Lda, Cais da Ribeira de Pardelhas, no. 21, 3870-168 Murtosa, Portugal; (D.J.); (A.L.); (B.S.); (R.J.M.R.)
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Marçal R, Sousa P, Marques A, Pereira V, Guilherme S, Barreto A, Costas B, Rocha RJM, Pacheco M. Exploring the Antioxidant and Genoprotective Potential of Salicornia ramosissima Incorporation in the Diet of the European Seabass ( Dicentrarchus labrax). Animals (Basel) 2023; 14:93. [PMID: 38200822 PMCID: PMC10778275 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The identification of novel feed materials as a source of functional ingredients is a topical priority in the finfish aquaculture sector. Due to the agrotechnical practices associated and phytochemical profiling, halophytes emerge as a new source of feedstuff for aquafeeds, with the potential to boost productivity and environmental sustainability. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the potential of Salicornia ramosissima incorporation (2.5, 5, and 10%), for 2 months, in the diet of juvenile European seabass, seeking antioxidant (in the liver, gills, and blood) and genoprotective (DNA and chromosomal integrity in blood) benefits. Halophyte inclusion showed no impairments on growth performance. Moreover, a tissue-specific antioxidant improvement was apparent, namely through the GSH-related defense subsystem, but revealing multiple and complex mechanisms. A genotoxic trigger (regarded as a pro-genoprotective mechanism) was identified in the first month of supplementation. A clear protection of DNA integrity was detected in the second month, for all the supplementation levels (and the most prominent melioration at 10%). Overall, these results pointed out a functionality of S. ramosissima-supplemented diets and a promising way to improve aquaculture practices, also unraveling a complementary novel, low-value raw material, and a path to its valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Marçal
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (P.S.); (A.M.); (V.P.); (S.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Pedro Sousa
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (P.S.); (A.M.); (V.P.); (S.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Ana Marques
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (P.S.); (A.M.); (V.P.); (S.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Vitória Pereira
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (P.S.); (A.M.); (V.P.); (S.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Sofia Guilherme
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (P.S.); (A.M.); (V.P.); (S.G.); (M.P.)
| | - André Barreto
- Riasearch, Lda., 3870-168 Murtosa, Portugal; (A.B.); (R.J.M.R.)
| | - Benjamin Costas
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal;
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS-UP), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui J. M. Rocha
- Riasearch, Lda., 3870-168 Murtosa, Portugal; (A.B.); (R.J.M.R.)
| | - Mário Pacheco
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (P.S.); (A.M.); (V.P.); (S.G.); (M.P.)
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Jackson M, Berry A, Montalvo SK, Dan T, Herring RA, Cederberg K, Sloan T, Pacheco M, Greer C, Kumar KA. Response-Adapted Omission of Radiotherapy in Pediatric Patients with Intermediate- and High-Risk Hodgkin Lymphoma Treated per EuroNet-PHL-C1: A Single Institution Analysis of Outcomes and Patterns of Failure. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e521. [PMID: 37785624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) EuroNet-PHL-C1 demonstrated that 40% of intermediate- and high-risk pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients treated with OEPA-COPDAC chemotherapy achieved adequate response (AR) at early response assessment (ERA), and thus were able to omit radiotherapy (RT). However, patterns of failure with this treatment paradigm, and specifically, whether or not all initial sites of disease require RT for those with inadequate response (IR) at ERA is unknown. The purpose of our study is to examine outcomes and patterns of failure for those treated per EuroNet-PHL-C1 at our institution. Our hypothesis is that limiting RT to only sites of IR at ERA does not result in increased failures. MATERIALS/METHODS An IRB-approved retrospective review of all intermediate- and high-risk classical HL pediatric patients treated at our institution per EuroNet-PHL-C1 between 2015 and 2021 was performed. Patients were treated per protocol with radiation omitted for those with AR (Deauville 1-2 and >75% tumor shrinkage) at ERA (PET/CDT after 2 cycles of chemo). For those with IR who required RT, only sites of IR (Deauville 3-5) at ERA were treated using involved site radiation treatment (ISRT), instead of all initial sites of disease as on EuroNet-PHL-C1. Outcomes including overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were calculated using Kaplan-Meier curves and patterns of failure were classified as either initial site only, new site only, or initial and new sites. RESULTS A total of 35 patients were identified, of which 33 had evaluable follow up with median follow up of 33 months. The median age at diagnosis was 14 (range, 4-18) and 48% were female. Of the 33, 7 (21%) had IR at ERA and thus required RT, while 26 (79%) were spared RT. In the group who received RT, 4/7 (57%) had initial B-symptoms and 4/7 (57%) had initial bulky disease, compared to 9/26 (35%) and 20/26 (77%), respectively, in those who did not receive RT. For our entire cohort, 2-year PFS and OS were 91% and 100%, respectively. For those who had RT, 2-year PFS was 83% compared to 92% in those who did not need RT. There was a total of 3 relapses (9%) at last follow up with 1/7 (14%) in those who had RT vs. 2/26 (8%) in those without RT. For the patient who relapsed after RT, relapse occurred both at initial and new sites. For the 2 who relapsed who did not receive RT, 1 was both in initial and new sites, while the other was initial site only. CONCLUSION At our institution, the majority of patients treated per EuroNet-PHL-C1 avoided RT with excellent outcomes. For those requiring RT, limiting RT to only sites of IR at ERA does not appear to adversely affect outcomes, though analysis is limited by the low number of failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jackson
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A Berry
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - S K Montalvo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - T Dan
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | | | | | - T Sloan
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - M Pacheco
- St. Luke's Children's Cancer Institute, Boise, ID
| | - C Greer
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Children's Health Dallas, Dallas, TX
| | - K A Kumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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Rojas C, León A, Pacheco M, Chico L, Orellana PA. Tuning the conductance of carbon rings with impurities and electric fields. RSC Adv 2023; 13:22358-22366. [PMID: 37497092 PMCID: PMC10366656 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03297c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We explore two mechanisms to tune the electronic conductance of carbon atom rings, namely, substitutional impurities and in-plane external electric fields. First-principles calculations and a tight-binding approach are used to model the systems. Two bond configurations are studied, cumulenic and polyynic, which can be relevant depending on the number of carbon atoms in the ring. We find that both impurity substitution and electric field mechanisms allow for modifying the electronic spectrum and transport characteristics. Interestingly, cumulenic and polyynic carbon rings present a different response to these perturbations, which can also be a way to elucidate the bond nature of these structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rojas
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María Casilla 110 V Valparaíso Chile
| | - A León
- Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Diego Portales Avda. Ejército 441 Santiago Chile
| | - M Pacheco
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María Casilla 110 V Valparaíso Chile
| | - Leonor Chico
- GISC, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - P A Orellana
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María Casilla 110 V Valparaíso Chile
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Fernández-García F, Carvalhais A, Marques A, Oliveira IB, Guilherme S, Oliveira H, Oliveira CCV, Cabrita E, Asturiano JF, Pacheco M, Mieiro C. Silver nanoparticles and silver ions indistinguishably decrease sperm motility in Pacific oysters (Magallana gigas) after short-term direct exposure. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2023:104202. [PMID: 37385394 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the reprotoxicity of environmental (0.25μg.L-1) and supra-environmental (25μg.L-1 and 250μg.L-1) levels of silver nanoparticles (Ag NP) on the Pacific oyster (Magallana gigas), by determining sperm quality. For that, we evaluated sperm motility, mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. To determine whether the Ag toxicity was related to the NP or its dissociation into Ag ions (Ag+), we tested the same concentrations of Ag+. We observed no dose-dependent responses for Ag NP and Ag+, and both impaired sperm motility indistinctly without affecting mitochondrial function or inducing membrane damage. We hypothesize that the toxicity of Ag NP is mainly due to adhesion to the sperm membrane. Blockade of membrane ion channels may also be a mechanism by which Ag NP and Ag+ induce toxicity. The presence of Ag in the marine ecosystem is of environmental concern as it may affect reproduction in oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Fernández-García
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Ana Carvalhais
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Marques
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Sofia Guilherme
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena Oliveira
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Elsa Cabrita
- CCMAR, University of Algarve, Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Juan F Asturiano
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Mário Pacheco
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Mieiro
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Pereira V, Pires SFS, Rodrigues ACM, Ofoegbu P, Bem-Haja P, Soares AMVM, Conceição LEC, Rocha RJM, Pacheco M. Microencapsulated Diets as an Alternative to Bivalve Feeding: Particle Size and Microalga Content Affect Feed Intake. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2009. [PMID: 37370519 DOI: 10.3390/ani13122009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bivalve mollusks represent a nutritious source with a low environmental impact; as a result, they are one of the most attractive aquaculture options. Advances in microencapsulation technology offer great potential to face key bivalve nutrition problems, and an alga-based microencapsulated diet can turn enriched bivalves into potential functional foods. The central goal of this study was the evaluation of food intake as a function of particle size and microalga content following the supply of four microencapsulated diets, incorporating as core material Nannochloropsis sp. or Tetraselmis sp. in 20 or 40 µm diameter pellets (diets N20, T20, N40, and T40, respectively) in five bivalve species (Magallana gigas, Solen marginatus, Ruditapes decussatus, Ruditapes philippinarum, and Cerastoderma edule). Overall, all tested diets were easily ingested, although food intake was higher for N20 (except for the S. marginatus, which showed a higher rate for the diet T40). Concerning a size-related analysis, C. edule and S. marginatus favored, respectively, smaller and bigger pellet-sized diets, with no signs of selectivity for microalga species. The diet T20 was the lesser ingested, except for C. edule. This knowledge enables a better selection of feed with appropriate and species-adjusted profiles, contributing to the optimization of microencapsulated diets for bivalve rearing and a better final product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitória Pereira
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sílvia F S Pires
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Andreia C M Rodrigues
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pearl Ofoegbu
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Bem-Haja
- CINTESIS@RISE-Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Rui J M Rocha
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Riasearch, Lda., 3870-168 Murtosa, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Carvalho PS, Fonseca-Rodrigues D, Pacheco M, Almeida A, Pinto-Ribeiro F, Pereira P. Comparative neurotoxicity of dietary methylmercury and waterborne inorganic mercury in fish: Evidence of optic tectum vulnerability through morphometric and histopathological assessments. Aquat Toxicol 2023; 261:106557. [PMID: 37329637 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated the effects of inorganic mercury (iHg) and methylmercury (MeHg) on the fish optic tectum morphology, viz. in relation to: (i) vulnerability of specific optic tectum layers; (ii) preferential targeting of Hg forms to neurons or glial cells; (iii) comparative toxicity of iHg and MeHg in this brain area that is in the maintenance of several fish behaviors. Two experiments exposing juvenile white seabream (Diplodus sargus) to waterborne iHg [HgCl2 (2 μg L-1)] and dietary MeHg (8.7 μg g-1) were performed, comprising both exposure (7 and 14 days; E7 and E14, respectively) and post-exposure (28 days; PE28) periods. Morphometric assessments were performed using stereological methods where the layers of the optic tectum were outlined, while its area and the number of neurons and glial cells were estimated. A histopathological assessment was also performed per section and per layer of optic tectum. iHg exposure did not trigger the loss of neurons during the exposure periods, while a decrease of glial cells was detected in a single layer of the optic tectum at E14. Differently, upon MeHg exposure, a decrease on the number of neurons and glial cells was found in several layers of optic tectum. In the post-exposure, both Hg forms triggered the loss of neurons, while only MeHg exposure led to a decrease on the number of glia cells. The histopathological assessment pointed out a higher toxicity of MeHg in the optic tectum layers, particularly in the post-exposure period, while no significant alterations were found in fish exposed to iHg. Hg forms targeted preferentially neurons. iHg and MeHg are relevant neurotoxicants to fish, with MeHg exposure leading to a higher toxicity than iHg in the optic tectum. After 28 days of post-exposure, iHg and MeHg neurotoxicity remained prominent, suggesting long-term effects of these toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia S Carvalho
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Diana Fonseca-Rodrigues
- School of Medicine, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Campus of Gualtar, University of Minho, Braga 4750-057, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Armando Almeida
- School of Medicine, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Campus of Gualtar, University of Minho, Braga 4750-057, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Filipa Pinto-Ribeiro
- School of Medicine, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Campus of Gualtar, University of Minho, Braga 4750-057, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Pereira
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
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Oliveira IB, Carvalhais A, Guilherme S, Oliveira H, Oliveira CCV, Ferrão L, Cabrita E, Pacheco M, Mieiro C. Shipping can be achieved but cargo arrives with damage - titanium dioxide nanoparticles affect the DNA of Pacific oyster sperm. Aquat Toxicol 2023; 258:106446. [PMID: 36907145 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NP) were reported to be reprotoxic in humans and fish. However, the effects of these NP on the reproduction of marine bivalves, namely oysters, remain unknown. Thus, a short-term (1 h) direct exposure of sperm of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) to two TiO2 NP concentrations (1 and 10 mg.L-1) was performed, and sperm motility, antioxidant responses, and DNA integrity were evaluated. Although no changes occurred in sperm motility and the activities of the antioxidants, the genetic damage indicator increased at both concentrations, demonstrating that TiO2 NP affects the DNA integrity of oyster sperm. Although DNA transfer can happen, it does not fulfill its biological mission since the transferred DNA is not intact and may compromise the reproduction and recruitment of the oysters. This vulnerability of C. gigas sperm towards TiO2 NP highlights the importance of studying the effects of NPs exposure to broadcast spawners.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Carvalhais
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Sofia Guilherme
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Helena Oliveira
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | | | - Leonor Ferrão
- CCMAR, Campus Gambelas, University of Algarve, Faro 8005-139, Portugal; Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Elsa Cabrita
- CCMAR, Campus Gambelas, University of Algarve, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Mieiro
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
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10
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Ahmed H, Files M, Saarela K, Morray B, Shivaram G, Greene C, Choi C, Mauchley D, McMullan D, Bohuta L, Hong B, Albers E, Kemna M, Rubio A, Law Y, Reed R, Friedland-Little J, Pacheco M, Hsu E. Initial Experience with a Decision Tree to Assess the Need for Concurrent Liver Transplantat in Fontan Patients Undergoing Heart Transplant. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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11
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De Marco G, Billè B, Brandão F, Galati M, Pereira P, Cappello T, Pacheco M. Differential Cell Metabolic Pathways in Gills and Liver of Fish (White Seabream Diplodus sargus) Coping with Dietary Methylmercury Exposure. Toxics 2023; 11:181. [PMID: 36851056 PMCID: PMC9961322 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a dangerous and persistent trace element. Its organic and highly toxic form, methylmercury (MeHg), easily crosses biological membranes and accumulates in biota. Nevertheless, understanding the mechanisms of dietary MeHg toxicity in fish remains a challenge. A time-course experiment was conducted with juvenile white seabreams, Diplodus sargus (Linnaeus, 1758), exposed to realistic levels of MeHg in feed (8.7 μg g-1, dry weight), comprising exposure (E; 7 and 14 days) and post-exposure (PE; 28 days) periods. Total Hg levels increased with time in gills and liver during E and decreased significantly in PE (though levels of control fish were reached only for gills), with liver exhibiting higher levels (2.7 times) than gills. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics revealed multiple and often differential metabolic changes between fish organs. Gills exhibited protein catabolism, disturbances in cholinergic neurotransmission, and changes in osmoregulation and lipid and energy metabolism. However, dietary MeHg exposure provoked altered protein metabolism in the liver with decreased amino acids, likely for activation of defensive strategies. PE allowed for the partial recovery of both organs, even if with occurrence of oxidative stress and changes of energy metabolism. Overall, these findings support organ-specific responses according to their sensitivity to Hg exposure, pointing out that indications obtained in biomonitoring studies may depend also on the selected organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe De Marco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Barbara Billè
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Fátima Brandão
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mariachiara Galati
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Patrícia Pereira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tiziana Cappello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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12
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Dikec J, Pacheco M, Lavaud M, Winckler P, Perrier-Cornet JM. Uptake of UVc induced photoproducts of dipicolinic acid by Bacillus subtilis spores - Effects on the germination and UVc resistance of the spores. J Photochem Photobiol B 2022; 236:112569. [PMID: 36152351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dipicolinic acid (DPA) is a specific molecule of bacterial spores which is essential to their resistance to various stresses such as ultraviolet (UV) exposure and to their germination. DPA has a particular photochemistry that remains imperfectly understood. In particular, due to its ability to absorb UVc radiation, it is likely to form in vitro a wide variety of photoproducts (DPAp) of which only about ten have been recently identified. The photochemical reactions resulting in DPAp, especially those inside the spores, are still poorly understood. Only one of these DPAp, which probably acts as a photosensitizer of DNA upon exposure to UVc, has been identified as having an impact on spores. However, as UVc is required to form DPAp, it is difficult to decouple the overall effect of UVc exposure from the possible effects of DPAp alone. In this study, DPAp were artificially introduced into the spores of the FB122 mutant strain of Bacillus subtilis, one that does not produce DPA. These experiments revealed that some DPAp may play a positive role for the spore. These benefits are visible in an improvement in spore germination rate and kinetics, as well as in an increase in their resistance to UVc exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dikec
- UMR Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, L'Institut Agro Dijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 1, Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - M Pacheco
- UMR Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, L'Institut Agro Dijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 1, Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - M Lavaud
- UMR Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, L'Institut Agro Dijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 1, Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France; Dimacell Imaging Facility, L'Institut Agro Dijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 1 Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - P Winckler
- UMR Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, L'Institut Agro Dijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 1, Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France; Dimacell Imaging Facility, L'Institut Agro Dijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 1 Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - J M Perrier-Cornet
- UMR Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, L'Institut Agro Dijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 1, Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France; Dimacell Imaging Facility, L'Institut Agro Dijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 1 Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France.
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13
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Barradas M, Duarte F, Coutinho Dos Santos I, Resendes De Oliveira L, Serena C, Xavier Fontes A, Viveiros Monteiro A, Machado C, Dourado R, Santos E, Pelicano N, Pacheco M, Tavares A, Martins D. Physical activity and heart failure: a forgotten indicator. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Low physical activity may be associated with comorbidities, sedentary lifestyle or clinical worsening in heart failure (HF) patients. Cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) detect and analyse physical activity data that is often integrated in multifactorial algorithms for predicting HF decompensations, but its potential is probably underestimated.
Purpose
We hypothesized that low physical-activity levels, obtained from remote monitoring of CIEDs, help predict clinical outcomes in HF patients, independently from multifactorial algorithms.
Methods
We retrospectively evaluated consecutive patients with HF and CIEDs through clinical assessments and remote monitoring (two monitoring systems were used). Low activity was defined as <1 hour/day of physical activity and two groups of patients were defined: patients with low activity alerts (group 1) and patients without low activity alerts (group 2). Primary outcome was defined as death by all causes and secondary outcome as HF hospitalizations and sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) episodes.
Results
From 121 patients with RPM, physical activity data was obtained in 104 (85,9%). Mean age was 63,98±12,44 years, 70,2% were males and follow-up was 59,19±38,491 months. Fifty-four (51,9%) had implantable cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) defibrillator (CRT-D), 46 (44,2%) transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), and 4 (3,8%) CRT pacemaker (CRT-P). The aetiology was idiopathic in 42,5% and ischemic in 40,2%. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 34,08±11,40% and mean physical activity duration was 2,25±1,84 hours/day. Forty-eight (53,7%) had low activity alerts (group 1) and 56 (46,3%) had no low activity alerts (group 2). In group 1 mean period of low activity was 52,978±15,75 days/year. Patients from group 1 were older (p=0,001), had more oncological disease (p=0,041) and peripheral artery disease (p=0,028). Three deaths occurred in total, all in group 1 (p=0,039) and HF hospitalizations were more frequent in group 1 (1,68±2,59 vs 0,69±1,32, p=0,005). Low activity burden was also associated with atrial fibrillation burden (r=0,473, p<0,05) and number of episodes of VT or VF (r=0,267, p=0,007). A decrease of 50% or more in mean duration of physical activity, but above 1 hour/day, was associated with increase HF hospitalizations (1,83±2,13 vs 1,05±1,95, p=0,006).
Conclusion
Low physical activity data obtained from CIEDs was associated with HF hospitalizations, arrhythmic events and death by all causes, independently of multifactorial algorithms. A decrease in basal activity even above alert threshold, was associated with HF hospitalizations and may be an even earlier sign of HF decompensations.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Barradas
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - F Duarte
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | | | | | - C Serena
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | | | | | - C Machado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - R Dourado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - E Santos
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - N Pelicano
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - A Tavares
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - D Martins
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
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14
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Barradas M, Duarte F, Coutinho Dos Santos I, Resendes De Oliveira L, Serena C, Xavier Fontes A, Viveiros Monteiro A, Machado C, Dourado R, Santos E, Pelicano N, Pacheco M, Tavares A, Martins D. Lower rate limit in cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
There is few data about programmed lower rate limit (LRL) in real world heart failure (HF) patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy–defibrillators (CRT-Ds) and its influence in clinical outcomes. Heart rate score (HRS) is the percentage of all atrial-paced and sensed events in the single tallest 10 beats/min device histogram bin and may indicate impaired heart rate variability.
Purpose
We hypothesized that higher LRL programming is associated with worse clinical outcomes as arrhythmic events and HF decompensations in chronic HF patients with CRT-Ds.
Methods
LRL was evaluated and HRS was calculated from remote monitoring in 126 HF patients with CRT-D. Primary outcome was defined as HF hospitalizations and related admissions to the emergency department and secondary outcome as number of device therapies, sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF).
Results
Mean age was 69,03±10,39 years, 81 (64,3%) were males and mean follow-up was 53,72±46,13 months. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 30,31±8,33% and 29 (23,0%) were in NYHA III–IV. HF aetiology was idiopathic in 39 (43,3%), ischemic in 32 (25,4%) and alcoholic cardiomyopathy in 8 (6,3%). Thirty-seven (29,4%) patients had atrial fibrillation and 33 (26,2%) coronary disease. LRL ranged from to 40 to 80 bpm and mean LRL was 52,64±9,64 and mean HRS 49,60±23,17%. Programmed LRL was higher in women (p=0,014), patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) (p=0,012) and coronary disease (p=0,015). Higher LRL correlated with HF hospitalizations and related admissions to the emergency department (ED) (r=0,541, p=0,001), VT or VF episodes (r=0,337, p=0,005) and CRT-D number of therapies (r=0,342, p=0,004) and higher HRS (r=0,547, p<0,05).
Conclusion
Higher LRL programming was associated with higher HRS, HF decompensations with hospitalization or admission to the emergency department, VT or VF episodes and CRT-D therapies in a real world population. More studies are required but lower LRL may be preferred in HF patients.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Barradas
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - F Duarte
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | | | | | - C Serena
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | | | | | - C Machado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - R Dourado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - E Santos
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - N Pelicano
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - A Tavares
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - D Martins
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
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15
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Barradas M, Duarte F, Coutinho Dos Santos I, Resendes De Oliveira L, Serena C, Xavier Fontes A, Viveiros Monteiro A, Machado C, Dourado R, Santos E, Pelicano N, Pacheco M, Tavares A, Martins D. Biventricular or left univentricular pacing in heart failure patients: is there a better strategy. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a cornerstone in treatment of heart failure (HF) with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and ventricular dyssynchrony. Biventricular (BiV) pacing is often the preferred method and corrects electrical and mechanical dyssynchrony but Left ventricular (LV) preferential pacing is may preserve conduction via the right bundle branch, preventing deleterious effects from right ventricular. The evidence is sparse and there is doubts whether which programming strategy is better.
Purpose
We hypothesized that BiV is non-inferior to preferential LV pacing in HF patients with reduced LVEF and CRT devices in cardiovascular death and HF hospitalizations.
Methods
We retrospectively evaluated 147 patients with HF patients with reduced LVEF and CRT devices. Two groups were defined: LV pacing (group 1) and BiV pacing (group 2). Primary outcome was defined as cardiovascular death and secondary outcome as HF hospitalizations and NYHA class after CRT.
Results
Mean age was 70,26±10,6 years, 68,1% were males and follow-up was 52,22±44,51 months. One hundred and twenty six (85,7%) patients had implantable cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) defibrillator (CRT-D) and 21 (14,3%) CRT pacemaker (CRT-P). Mean LVEF was 31,1±8,5% and mean QRS duration before CRT implantation was 149,5±48,6 ms. Thirty-nine (36,4%) patients were in NYHA III–IV. HF aetiology was idiopathic in 51 (47,2%), ischemic in 36 (33,3%) and alcoholic cardiomyopathy in 9 (8,3%). Forty-five (40,5%) patients had atrial fibrillation and 37 (35,6%) coronary disease. Patients in group 2 were more frequently males than group 1 patients (46 (78,0%) vs 32 (56,1%) respectively, p=0,012). There were no differences in regard to age, LVEF, HF aetiology or other comorbidities between groups. In 57 (49,1%) CRT was programming in preferential LV pacing and 50 (50,9%) in BiV pacing. There were 2 deaths in group 1 and 3 in group 2 (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.27–2.40). There were 0,98±3,17 hospitalizations per patient and there were no differences in HF hospitalizations between groups (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.92–1.18) or NYHA after 6 months of CRT (p=0,364).
Conclusion
BiV pacing was not inferior to LV-only pacing in regard to cardiovascular death, HF hospitalizations and NYHA class improvement. There was no clear advantage for one pacing strategy over the other but more studies are still required.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Barradas
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - F Duarte
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | | | | | - C Serena
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | | | | | - C Machado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - R Dourado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - E Santos
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - N Pelicano
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - A Tavares
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - D Martins
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
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16
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Barradas M, Duarte F, Coutinho Dos Santos I, Resendes De Oliveira L, Serena C, Xavier Fontes A, Viveiros Monteiro A, Machado C, Dourado R, Santos E, Pelicano N, Pacheco M, Tavares A, Martins D. Suboptimal coronary flow after PCI in STEMI patients: clinical implications and predictors. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Even in experienced angioplasty centers, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the acute setting of ST-elevation myocardial infarctions (STEMI) is associated with a low, but still significant rate of suboptimal coronary flow. Identification of its clinical impact and potential modifiable risk factors is important.
Purpose
To evaluate the clinical impact of suboptimal coronary flow after PCI in STEMI patients and to access potential predictors of suboptimal coronary flow.
Methods
We retrospectively evaluated 103 hospitalized patients with acute STEMI who were admitted to our center between 2018 and 2019 and underwent PCI. Coronary flow was accessed using the Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) Flow Grading System. Patients were divided into suboptimal patency of the culprit-vessel, defined as TIMI flow ≤2 (group 1, n=8 (7,8%)) and optimal patency of the culprit-vessel defined as TIMI flow 3 (group 2, n=95 (92,2%)). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula.
Results
Mean age 58,15±12,6 years and 85,4% were males. Seventy-eight patients (75,7%) had history of smoking, 45 (43,7%) dyslipidemia, 20 (19,4%) previous acute coronary syndrome, 18 (17,5%) diabetes, 17 (15,5%) were obese and 4 (3,9%) had chronic kidney disease. The revascularization strategy was primary PCI in 55 (54,4%) patients and fibrinolytic therapy with facilitated PCI in 48 (46,6%) patients. Infarct-related artery was the left anterior descending artery in 45 (45,5%) and multivessel disease was present in 38 (38,0%). Angiographic no-reflow after PCI was 3,0%. Intrahospital cardiovascular death occurred in 4 (3,9%) patients and was significantly associated with suboptimal flow (p=0,036) and there was no association with stent thrombosis. Predictors of suboptimal flow were higher blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and GFR at hospital admission (p=0,017 and p=0,012), peak creatinine (p=0,012) and stent length (p=0,038). Suboptimal flow was associated with higher Zwolle score (p=0,010) and ischemic Paris score (p=0,036).
Conclusion
Failure to achieve optimal culprit-vessel patency after PCI in STEMI patients, although infrequent, is associated with increased hospital cardiovascular death. Longer stents could be and important modified risk factor. Renal dysfunction is an important comorbidity that should be promptly identified and could be partially improved with medical treatment.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Barradas
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - F Duarte
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | | | | | - C Serena
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | | | | | - C Machado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - R Dourado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - E Santos
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - N Pelicano
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - A Tavares
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - D Martins
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
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17
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Marçal R, Pacheco M, Guilherme S. Unveiling the nexus between parental exposure to toxicants and heritable spermiotoxicity - Is life history a shield or a shadow? Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 95:103955. [PMID: 35970510 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge on parental experiences is critical to predict how organisms react to environmental challenges. So, the DNA integrity of Procambarus clarkii spermatozoa exposed ex vivo to the herbicide penoxsulam (Px) or ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS; model genotoxicant) was assessed with and without the influence of in vivo parental exposure to the same agents. The parental exposure alone did not affect the DNA of unexposed spermatozoa. However, the history of Px exposure increased the vulnerability to oxidative lesions in Px-exposed offspring. Otherwise, parental exposure to EMS allowed the development of protection mechanisms expressed when F1 was also exposed to EMS, unveiling life history as a shield. The parental exposure to a different agent adverse and decisively affected Px spermiotoxic potential, pointing out life history as a shadow to progeny. Given the complexity of the aquatic contamination scenarios, involving mixtures, the spermiotoxicity of Px to wild P. clarkii populations emerged as probable.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Marçal
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - M Pacheco
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - S Guilherme
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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18
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Duarte F, Coutinho I, Barradas MI, Oliveira L, Serena C, Fontes A, Monteiro A, Machado C, Santos E, Pelicano N, Pacheco M, Tavares A, Martins D. Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction: are men and women particular cases of STEMI ? Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvac060.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has high levels of morbidity and mortality. Multiple risk factors may contribute to clinical outcomes and some studies demonstrate gender-related differences in baseline characteristics and in-hospital management.
Purpose
To access the difference in clinical characteristics and prognostic outcomes between men and women who were admitted in our Cardiac Intensive Care Unit with STEMI diagnosis.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 121 non-consecutive patients with STEMI during a mean follow-up period 135 ± 31 weeks.
We accessed baseline characteristics and time course of events (symptom onset-to-door admission; time to first EKG; time to fibrinolytic therapy; door-to-cath lab time and time from fibrinolytic therapy to PCI (for patients transferred from another centers).
Primary endpoint (PE) was a composite of in-hospital cardiovascular death, arrhythmic events or STEMI evolution in Killip-Kimbal III or IV.
Secondary endpoint (SE) was in-hospital major bleeding events, considered intracerebral hemorrhage, cases of hemodynamic compromise or requiring a blood transfusion.
Tertiary endpoint (TE) included admissions to the emergency department or hospitalization by heart failure decompensation, acute or chronic coronary syndromes and all-cause mortality.
Results
Of the 121 patients, 102 were male (84.3%) and 19 (15.7%) female. The mean age was 58.3 ± 12.7 years and women had a superior mean age (69.8 ± 12.2 years) vs. Men mean age 56 ± 11.6 years.
Hypertension was more prevalent in women (84.2% vs. 47.1%, respectively; p 0.003) and also diabetes – 36.8% of women had type 2 diabetes (vs 10.8% of men) and 5.3% of these female patients requires insulin therapy (vs 2% of men; p 0.021).
According to Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), women had a higher disease burden with 73.7% of them included into the moderate or severe group of mortality risk, compared to 42.2% of men (p 0.014).
Conversely, less women smoke (31.6% vs. 82.2%; p <0.001) and less frequently chest pain was the onset symptom (78.9% vs. 95.1%; p 0.04).
Time since symptom onset to door admission was estimated on 510 ± 1149 minutes and the mean women delay was superior (557 ± 858 minutes).
Regarding to in-hospital hemorrhagic events (secondary endpoint), female patients had a statistically significant higher risk (22.2% vs. 7.1%, p 0.045), independently of hypertension, diabetes or anticoagulant therapy (r=0.249; ANOVA p-value < 0.005), but it was associated with higher CCI (p 0.033). No other gender differences in outcomes or survival function were observed.
Conclusion
Our study demonstrates gender-related differences among patients with STEMI. Indeed, women were older, had more clinical cardiovascular risk factors and tend to delay hospital admission after symptoms onset. Secondary endpoint was statistically more frequent in women, but no other differences in outcomes were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Duarte
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - I Coutinho
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - M I Barradas
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - L Oliveira
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - C Serena
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - A Fontes
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - A Monteiro
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - C Machado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - E Santos
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - N Pelicano
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - A Tavares
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - D Martins
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
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19
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Marçal R, Marques AM, Pacheco M, Guilherme S. Improving knowledge on genotoxicity dynamics in somatic and germ cells of crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). Environ Mol Mutagen 2022; 63:296-307. [PMID: 36054159 DOI: 10.1002/em.22501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The harmful effects of pesticides can be extended beyond the exposure time scale. Appraisals combining exposure and long-term post-exposure periods appear as an unavoidable approach in pesticide risk assessment, thus allowing a better understanding of the real impact of agrochemicals in non-target organisms. This study aimed to evaluate the progression of genetic damage in somatic and germ tissues of the crayfish Procambarus clarkii, also seeking for gender-specificities, following exposure (7 days) to penoxsulam (23 μg L-1 ) and a post-exposure (70 days) period. The same approach was applied to the model genotoxicant ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS; 5 mg L-1 ) as a complementary mean to improve knowledge on genotoxicity dynamics (induction vs. recovery). Penoxsulam induced DNA damage in all tested tissues, disclosing tissue- and gender-specificities, where females showed to be more vulnerable than males in the gills, while males demonstrated higher susceptibility in what concerns internal organs, that is, hepatopancreas and gonad. Crayfish were unable to recover from the DNA damage induced by EMS in gills and hepatopancreas (both genders) as well as in spermatozoa. The genotoxicity in the hepatopancreas was only perceptible in the post-exposure period. Oxidative DNA lesions were identified in hepatopancreas and spermatozoa of EMS-exposed crayfish. The spermatozoa proved to be the most vulnerable cell type. It became clear that the characterization of the genotoxic hazard of a given agent must integrate a complete set of information, addressing different types of DNA damage, tissue- and gender-specificities, as well as a long-term appraisal of temporal progression of damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Marçal
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Marques
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sofia Guilherme
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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20
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Rojas C, León A, Pacheco M, Chico L, Orellana PA. Transport signatures of few-atom carbon rings. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:15973-15981. [PMID: 35730548 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01308h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We study the electronic transport through an all-carbon quantum ring side-coupled to a quantum wire. We employ both first-principles calculations and a tight-binding approach; the latter allows for the derivation of analytical expressions for the conductance and density of states, which facilitates the interpretation of the transport characteristics. Two bond models are employed: either all the hoppings are equal (cumulenic ring) or they have alternating bonds (polyynic ring). Assuming cumulenic bonds, if the number of atoms in the carbon ring is a multiple of four, it produces an antiresonant peak in the conductance at the Fermi level. This effect disappears for the polyynic configuration, i.e., when the hoppings in the carbon rings are alternating. Additionally, a gap opens at the Fermi energy in the polyynic rings, yielding distinct transport signatures for the two bond configurations. Comparison to first-principles calculations shows an excellent agreement on the changes of the conductance due to the carbon ring. We propose such transport measurements as a way to elucidate the character of the bonds in these novel carbon nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rojas
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110 V, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - A León
- Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Diego Portales, Avda. Ejército 441, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Pacheco
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110 V, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Leonor Chico
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110 V, Valparaíso, Chile. .,GISC, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P A Orellana
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110 V, Valparaíso, Chile.
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21
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Pacheco P, Pacheco M, Molini-Avejonas D. Assessment of stress and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in caregivers of children with ASD. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9564259 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
An infectious disease such as COVID-19 can have a great impact on mental health due to the fear of contracting it as well as the social isolation itself due to the containment measures. Such events are considered stressors, as they can be perceived as threatening or challenging, and can have cumulative effects that are harmful to mental health. Along with this scenario, anxiety can occur in association with stress, and it is defined as extreme concern and somatic symptoms that generate tension, hindering the proper functioning and development of basic life functions. In people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and their families, such events can occur more intensely, as changing routine and adapting to different activities are usually challenging. The study examined stress, anxiety and coping strategies during the pandemic.
Objectives
To analyze stressful events, anxiety and coping strategies in caregivers of children and adolescents with ASD and typical development.
Methods
Forty caregivers of children and adolescents with ASD and 40 of typically developing participated in the study. The assessment instruments used were: 1. RSQ COVID-19; 2. Semi-structured interview; 3. State–Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults. For statistical analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) or chi-square were used.
Results
Caregivers of children and adolescents with ASD showed greater stress and anxiety, in addition to using less adaptive coping strategies.
Conclusions
There is a great need to welcome families of children and adolescents with ASD, helping to develop coping or coping strategies.
Disclosure
No significant relationships.
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22
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Carvalhais A, Oliveira IB, Oliveira H, Oliveira CCV, Ferrão L, Cabrita E, Asturiano JF, Guilherme S, Pacheco M, Mieiro CL. Ex vivo exposure to titanium dioxide and silver nanoparticles mildly affect sperm of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) - A multiparameter spermiotoxicity approach. Mar Pollut Bull 2022; 177:113487. [PMID: 35245769 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NP) are potentially reprotoxic, which may compromise the success of populations. However, the reprotoxicity of NP is still scarcely addressed in marine fish. Therefore, we evaluated the impacts of environmentally relevant and supra environmental concentrations of titanium dioxide (TiO2: 10 to 10,000 μg·L-1) and silver NP (Ag: 0.25 to 250 μg·L-1) on the sperm of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). We performed short-term direct exposures (ex vivo) and evaluated sperm motility, head morphometry, mitochondrial function, antioxidant responses and DNA integrity. No alteration in sperm motility (except for supra environmental Ag NP concentration), head morphometry, mitochondrial function, and DNA integrity occurred. However, depletion of all antioxidants occurred after exposure to TiO2 NP, whereas SOD decreased after exposure to Ag NP (lowest and intermediate concentration). Considering our results, the decrease in antioxidants did not indicate vulnerability towards oxidative stress. TiO2 NP and Ag NP induced low spermiotoxicity, without proven relevant ecological impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Carvalhais
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - I B Oliveira
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - H Oliveira
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - C C V Oliveira
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - L Ferrão
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - E Cabrita
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - J F Asturiano
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - S Guilherme
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - C L Mieiro
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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23
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Duarte F, Barradas MI, Barradas MI, Oliveira L, Oliveira L, Serena C, Serena C, Fontes A, Fontes A, Monteiro A, Monteiro A, Machado C, Machado C, Dourado R, Dourado R, Santos E, Santos E, Pelicano N, Pelicano N, Pacheco M, Pacheco M, Tavares A, Tavares A, Martins D, Martins D. Risk scores in predicting adverse events after an acute coronary syndrome. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab849.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Introduction
ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a serious event that usually occur in patients with cardiovascular risk factors and is associated with great morbidity and mortality.
PARIS ischemic risk score and TIMI score were validated to evaluate ischemic risk in STEMI patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and to estimate mortality, respectively.
Despite these specific purposes, the usefulness of these scores in predicting adverse cardiovascular events (ACE) is unknown.
Objectives
To assess the prognostic value of PARIS and TIMI scores for cardiovascular events, coronary ischemic events and mortality in patients after STEMI.
Methods
Retrospective single center cohort study enrolled 103 patients with STEMI diagnosis between 2018 and 2019, during a mean follow-up period 30.30 ± 6.46 months and patients were included regardless of the reperfusion strategy.
Primary endpoint (PE) was a composite of acute coronary events (ACE), admissions to the emergency department by heart failure (HF) decompensation or chronic coronary syndrome and HF hospitalization. Secondary endpoint (SE) was ACE. Cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular death was determined.
PARIS ischemic risk score was calculated and patients were stratified into low (0-2), intermediate (3-4) or high (≥ 5) ischemic risk categories. TIMI score was also assessed.
Results
Out of 103 patients with STEMI diagnosis, the median age was 58.15 ± 12.6 years and 85,4% were male. Fifty-seven patients (55.3%) had hypertension, 45 (43.7%) dyslipidemia, 18 (17.5%) diabetes, 17 (15.5%) were obese and seventy-eight patients (75.7%) had history of smoking. Twenty (19.4%) patients had a previous acute coronary syndrome and 15 underwent PCI.
Twenty-five (24.3%) patients were included in low PARIS ischemic risk category, 53 (51.5%) in intermediate risk and 20 (19.4%) in high risk category.
PE occurred in 16 patient (15.5%) and SE in 7 patients (6.8%).
Eight patients died during the follow-up period (7.8%), 4 of cardiovascular causes (50%), 3 of non-cardiovascular causes (37.5%) and 1 of unknown cause.
PARIS ischemic risk score showed prognostic value for PE, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.506-0.806 and p-value 0.039.
PARIS score also had predictive value for SE (AUC 0.816, 95% CI 0.604-1.000; p 0.004) as well as TIMI score (AUC 0.738, 95% CI 0.560 – 0.917; p 0.032).
Both scores showed a good prognostic value in evaluating all-cause mortality, with a slightly better predictive value for TIMI score (AUC 0.91, 95% CI 0.802 – 1.00) when compared to PARIS score (AUC 0.84, 95% CI 0.685 – 0.987).
Conclusion
This study revealed that PARIS and TIMI scores have a good discriminatory power to predict prognosis in STEMI patients. According to our study results, these scores could be an interesting tool to determine the likelihood of fatal and non-fatal outcomes, including ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Duarte
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - M I Barradas
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - M I Barradas
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - L Oliveira
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - L Oliveira
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - C Serena
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - C Serena
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Fontes
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Fontes
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Monteiro
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Monteiro
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - C Machado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - C Machado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - R Dourado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - R Dourado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - E Santos
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - E Santos
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - N Pelicano
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - N Pelicano
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Tavares
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Tavares
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - D Martins
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - D Martins
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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24
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Duarte F, Barradas MI, Oliveira L, Serena C, Fontes A, Monteiro A, Machado C, Dourado R, Santos E, Pelicano N, Pacheco M, Tavares A, Martins D. Hemorrhagic risk scores in hospitalized patients with acute coronary syndrome: can they (only) predict bleeding events? Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab849.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Introduction
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a life-threatening condition and its therapeutic approach increases the risk of important bleeding events which are associated with a worse prognosis. Along with hemorrhagic events, a drop on hemoglobin level not related to bleeding or the development of anemia could have a negative impact on prognosis.
Both CRUSADE and PARIS bleeding risk scores are used to evaluate and to stratify the risk of major bleeding in ACS. However their actual predictive value has been questioned and validity of these scores in predicting in-hospital mortality (IHM) is not established.
Objectives
To evaluate the actual prognostic value of CRUSADE and PARIS bleeding scores in ACS patients during their hospitalization stay.
Methods
Retrospective single center cohort study including 103 hospitalized patients after an acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) regardless of its reperfusion strategy.
In-hospital major hemorrhagic events (IHMHE), considered intracerebral hemorrhage, those resulting in hemodynamic compromise or requiring a blood transfusion, were assessed. Data on hemoglobin levels (HL) at hospital admission and at the time of hospital discharge were also collected and a composite endpoint (CE) of IHMHE and a drop in HL ≥ 3g/dL were elaborated.
Both scores were calculated for each patient, its predictive value and their impact on IHM were determined.
Results
Out of 103 patients enrolled, the median age was 58.15 ± 12.6 years and 85.4% were male.
Two IHMHE occurred, twenty patients (19.4%) had anemia at the time of hospital discharge and 16 of these patients (15.5%) were not anemic at the time of hospital admission. Nine (8.7%) patients had a drop in their HL of at least 3g/dL.
The five bleeding risk categories defined by CRUSADE investigators were used, with 48 (46.6%) patients in the very low risk category, 9 (8.7%) and 6 (5.8%) in the high and very high risk category, respectively.
Hospitalization length stay was 5.6 ± 4.1 days with an overall in-hospital mortality (IHM) of 5.8%.
Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed that CRUSADE score had an excellent discriminatory power for the CE (AUC 0.927, 95% CI 0.854-1.000) and the PARIS score had an acceptable discriminatory value (AUC 0.775, 95% CI 0.616-0.935).
Both CRUSADE and PARIS bleeding scores also had prognostic value in evaluating IHM (AUC 0.929, 95% CI 0.856-1.000 and AUC 0.788, 95% CI 0.634-0.942, respectively).
No specific and independent predictors of IHMHE were found, neither related to individual characteristics nor to therapeutic approach.
Conclusion
The presenting study showed that CRUSADE and PARIS scores still have discriminatory power to assess CE and to assess IHM in ACS patients. Their addition to stratification tools could be of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Duarte
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - M I Barradas
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - L Oliveira
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - C Serena
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Fontes
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Monteiro
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - C Machado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - R Dourado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - E Santos
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - N Pelicano
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Tavares
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - D Martins
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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25
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De Marco G, Brandão F, Pereira P, Pacheco M, Cappello T. Organ-Specific Metabolome Deciphering Cell Pathways to Cope with Mercury in Wild Fish (Golden Grey Mullet Chelon auratus). Animals (Basel) 2021; 12:79. [PMID: 35011185 PMCID: PMC8749613 DOI: 10.3390/ani12010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics is a powerful approach in evaluating the health status of organisms in ecotoxicological studies. However, metabolomics data reflect metabolic variations that are attributable to factors intrinsic to the environment and organism, and it is thus crucial to accurately evaluate the metabolome of the tissue/organ examined when it is exposed to no stressor. The metabolomes of the liver and gills of wild golden grey mullet (Chelon auratus) from a reference area were analyzed and compared by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR)-based metabolomics. Both organs were characterized by amino acids, carbohydrates, osmolytes, nucleosides and their derivatives, and miscellaneous metabolites. However, similarities and differences were revealed in their metabolite profile and related to organ-specific functions. Taurine was predominant in both organs due to its involvement in osmoregulation in gills, and detoxification and antioxidant protective processes in liver. Environmental exposure to mercury (Hg) triggered multiple and often differential metabolic alterations in fish organs. Disturbances in ion-osmoregulatory processes were highlighted in the gills, whereas differential impairments between fish organs were pointed out in energy-producing metabolic pathways, protein catabolism, membrane stabilization processes, and antioxidant defense system, reflecting the induction of organ-specific adaptive and defensive strategies. Overall, a strict correlation between metabolites and organ-specific functions of fish gills and liver were discerned in this study, as well as organ-specific cytotoxicity mechanisms of Hg in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe De Marco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Fátima Brandão
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (F.B.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Patrícia Pereira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (F.B.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (F.B.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Tiziana Cappello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
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26
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Almeida J, Ferreira T, Santos S, Pires MJ, da Costa RMG, Medeiros R, Bastos MM, Neuparth MJ, Faustino-Rocha AI, Abreu H, Pereira R, Pacheco M, Gaivão I, Rosa E, Oliveira PA. The Red Seaweed Grateloupia turuturu Prevents Epidermal Dysplasia in HPV16-Transgenic Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124529. [PMID: 34960081 PMCID: PMC8707361 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of dietary profiles in promoting or reducing the risk of multiple types of cancer is increasingly clear, driving the search for balanced foods and nutraceuticals. The red seaweed Grateloupia turuturu has been used as human food showing a balanced nutritional profile. This study aims to test in vivo chemopreventive effects of G. turuturu against cutaneous pre-malignant lesions in transgenic mice for the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16). Forty-four female HPV+/− or HPV−/− mice received a standard diet or were supplemented with 10% G. turuturu for 22 consecutive days. Cutaneous lesions (ear and chest skin) were identified histologically. Complementarily, the weights and histology of internal organs as well as blood biochemical and DNA integrity parameters were also assessed. G. turuturu consistently reduced the incidence of epidermal dysplasia induced by HPV16 on both cutaneous sites. Moreover, biochemical, DNA integrity and histological analyses confirmed G. turuturu edibility as no signs of toxicity were found. Dietary supplementation with G. turuturu is an effective and safe chemopreventive strategy in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Almeida
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.A.); (T.F.); (S.S.); (M.J.P.); (A.I.F.-R.)
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.M.G.d.C.); (E.R.)
| | - Tiago Ferreira
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.A.); (T.F.); (S.S.); (M.J.P.); (A.I.F.-R.)
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.M.G.d.C.); (E.R.)
| | - Susana Santos
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.A.); (T.F.); (S.S.); (M.J.P.); (A.I.F.-R.)
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.M.G.d.C.); (E.R.)
| | - Maria J. Pires
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.A.); (T.F.); (S.S.); (M.J.P.); (A.I.F.-R.)
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.M.G.d.C.); (E.R.)
| | - Rui M. Gil da Costa
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.M.G.d.C.); (E.R.)
- Maranhão Tumour and DNA Biobank (BTMA), Post-graduate Programme in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís 65080-805, Brazil
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto. CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto. CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- CEBIMED, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
- LPCC Research Department, Portuguese League against Cancer (NRNorte), 4200-172 Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida M.S.M. Bastos
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Maria J. Neuparth
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (IINFACTS), Advanced Polytechnic and University Cooperative (CESPU), 4585 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Ana I. Faustino-Rocha
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.A.); (T.F.); (S.S.); (M.J.P.); (A.I.F.-R.)
- Department of Zootechnics, School of Sciences and Technology, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - Helena Abreu
- ALGAplus, Lda., PCI-Creative Science Park, 3830-352 Ílhavo, Portugal; (H.A.); (R.P.)
| | - Rui Pereira
- ALGAplus, Lda., PCI-Creative Science Park, 3830-352 Ílhavo, Portugal; (H.A.); (R.P.)
- A4F Algae for Future, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, Campus do Lumiar, Edif. E, R/C, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Portugal CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Isabel Gaivão
- Department of Genetic and Biotechnology, CECAV, UTAD, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Eduardo Rosa
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.M.G.d.C.); (E.R.)
- Department of Agronomy, UTAD, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Paula A. Oliveira
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.A.); (T.F.); (S.S.); (M.J.P.); (A.I.F.-R.)
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.M.G.d.C.); (E.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-259350000; Fax: +351-259325058
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Barradas Da Silva M, Duarte F, Oliveira L, Serena C, Fontes A, Monteiro A, Machado C, Dourado R, Santos E, Pelicano N, Pacheco M, Tavares A, Martins D. STEMI treatment in remote areas – challenges of the only interventional angioplasty center located in an archipelago. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In remote islands lack of specialized medical facilities, long distance transfer and emergency medical system organization remains a challenge and fibrinolysis is necessary to achieve revascularization in optimal timing in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. Our angioplasty center is the only one located in an archipelago composed of nine islands, six of which do not have hospital facilities and only have small family health care units.
Purpose
To evaluate the reality and outcomes of our interventional angioplasty center and compare cardiovascular outcomes between STEMI patients from the main island and remote islands.
Methods
We retrospectively evaluated 103 patients with STEMI admitted to our center between 2018 and 2019. Patients from the main island where the center is located underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (group 1, n=55) and patients from remote islands underwent fibrinolytic therapy followed by transference to our center with facilitated or rescue PCI (group 2, n=48). A subanalysis of the far remote islands without hospital facilities was also performed. Primary outcome was defined as cardiovascular death or re-infarction at two years and secondary outcome as intrahospital haemorrhagic complications.
Results
Mean age was 58,15±12,6 years, 85,4% were males and follow up period was 30,30±6,46 months. Seventy-eight patients (75,7%) had history of smoking, 45 (43,7%) dyslipidemia, 20 (19,4%) previous acute coronary syndrome, 18 (17,5%) diabetes and 17 (15,5%) were obese. Troponin I peak was 117,42±129,06 ug/L and 14 (13,6%) were in Killip Class III/IV. Infarct-related artery was the left anterior descending artery in 45 (45,5%) and multivessel disease was present in 38 (38,0%). In group 1 reperfusion after PCI was obtained in 91,5%. In group 2, 73,5% met criteria for reperfusion after fibrinolysis and 23,6% after rescue PCI. Mean time from fibrinolysis to PCI was 558±349 minutes. Rates of successful revascularization did not differ between groups, as well as complete patency of the culprit-vessel defined as thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow 3 (91,5% vs. 97,2% and 90,0% vs. 93,0% respectively for group 1 and 2). Cardiovascular death at two years occurred in 4 (3,9%) patients and re-infarction in 11 (10,7%) and were similar between groups (3 (5,5%) vs. 1 (2,1%) and 8 (14,5%) vs. 3 (6,3%) respectively) as well as haemorrhagic complications (1 (1,8%) vs. 5 (10,4%) respectively). Nineteen (18,4%) patients were from far remote islands without hospital facilities and when comparing these patients with the others there was also no difference in primary outcome.
Conclusion
Even in remote islands, an organized STEMI network with attempted fibrinolytic treatment and coordinated transference of patients for facilitated or rescue PCI can provide successful revascularization with cardiovascular outcomes similar to those submitted to primary PCI.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F Duarte
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - L Oliveira
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - C Serena
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Fontes
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Monteiro
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - C Machado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - R Dourado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - E Santos
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - N Pelicano
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Tavares
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - D Martins
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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Duarte F, Barradas M, Oliveira L, Serena C, Dourado R, Fontes A, Monteiro A, Machado C, Santos E, Pelicano N, Tavares A, Pacheco M, Martins D. New York Heart Association class change on heart failure patients with implantable devices: does it matters? Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.0697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a pathology with high prevalence and an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Benefits of implantable devices have been demonstrated in selected groups of patients with benefits on symptoms and heart failure hospitalization.
Purpose
To determine the clinical impact of New York Heart Association class change (NYHA) in patients with CHF and Cardiac Implantable Electric Devices (CIEDs).
Methods
We retrospectively enrolled 178 consecutive patients with CHF and CIEDs between November 2003 and January 2021, during a follow-up period of 51±43,9 months. Patients demographic characteristic and NYHA class change impact on occurrence of arrhythmic events, heart failure hospitalization (HFH) or long-term admission in an emergency department were assessed. Patients with NYHA class change were considered responders to therapy.
Results
Out of 178 patients enrolled in this study, sixty-seven (37,6%) had a reduction ≥1 in NYHA functional class and in this group, 61 patients (91,0%) had a cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and 9% had an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Mean age 68±11,3 years, 44 (65,7%) patients were male, 33 (49,2%) were in NYHA class II, 30 (44,8%) NYHA class III and 4 (6%) NYHA class IV. Mean QRS width 129,9±63,1 ms before CIEDs. Fifty-eight patients (86,6%) had an improvement in one NYHA functional class and 9 patients (13,4%) in two NYHA functional class.
Fourty NYHA responders patients (59,7%) had paroxistic or permanent atrial fibrillation and 31,9% had an epicardial coronary artery disease, that was a negative predictor of NYHA response (p=0,012).
A total of 35 (19,7%) enrolled patients experience non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) and 74,3% were non-responders (p=0,019).
There was fifteen and twenty HFH at 2 and 5 years of follow-up, respectively, and we observed that an improvement in NYHA class was associated with a reduction in HFH at 2 years of follow-up (p=0,043; OR 0,029, 95% CI 0,050–1,06) and 5 years of follow-up (p 0,027, OR 0,252; 95% CI 0,069 – 0,915). Emergency department (ED) admission related to HF decompensations was significantly reduced at 2 years of follow-up (p=0,035, OR 0,22, 95% CI 0,048 – 1,0) and at 5 years of follow-up (p=0,001, OR 0,15, 95% CI 0,044 – 0,55).
There was no difference on cardiovascular or all-cause mortality.
Conclusion
CHF patients with CIEDs and improving on NYHA class have less NSVT episodes, HFH and HF decompensations with ED admission, both at 2 and 5 years of follow-up.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Duarte
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - M.I Barradas
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - L Oliveira
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - C Serena
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - R Dourado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Fontes
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Monteiro
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - C Machado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - E Santos
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - N Pelicano
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Tavares
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - D Martins
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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Barradas Da Silva M, Duarte F, Oliveira L, Serena C, Fontes A, Monteiro A, Machado C, Dourado R, Santos E, Pelicano N, Pacheco M, Tavares A, Martins D. Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia on remote patient monitoring in heart failure patients. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.0974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) is commonly found in patients with structural heart disease and was historically obtained from registers of external ambulatory monitoring. The advent of remote patient monitoring (RPM) in Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) has made it possible to detect asymptomatic NSVT in Heart Failure (HF) patients more frequently, but its impact in real world is uncertain.
Purpose
To determine the clinical impact of NSVT detection in RPM in ischemic and non-ischemic chronic heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and CIEDs.
Methods
We retrospectively enrolled 121 consecutive patients with HFrEF, CIEDs and RPM. Patients were evaluated through routine episodic CIEDs interrogation, routine clinical evaluations and continuous monitoring data obtained from CIEDs and transmitted remotely to the care team and divided into NSVT positive (Group 1) and negative groups (Group 2). Primary endpoint was admissions to the emergency department by HF decompensation and secondary endpoint was the occurrence of arrhythmic events. A sub-analysis of non-ischemic HF was also performed.
Results
NSVT was detected in 78 (72,2%) patients. The mean number of episodes of NSVT was 611,68±3271,25 during the follow-up period or 2,445±16,688 in 24 hours. Mean age was 62,40±13,218 years, 71,9% were males and mean follow-up period was 56,30±39,37 months. Fifty-eight patients (47,9%) had transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), 48 (39,7%) implantable cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) defibrillator (CRT-D), 14 (11,6%) subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD) and 1 (0,8%) CRT pacemaker (CRT-P). Medium left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 34,70±12,53%, 25 (23,14%) were in NYHA III-IV and 46 (39,0%) were ischemic (29 (37,7%) in Group 1 and 11 (37,9%) in Group 2). NSVT was associated with the occurrence of sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) (1,88±0,186episodes of VT in group 1 and 0,03±0,186 in group 2, p=0,012), ventricular fibrillation (VF) (1,44±5,325 episodes of VT in group 1 and 0,03±0,186 in group 2, p=0,011) and admissions to the emergency department by HF decompensation at 5 years (r=0,310, p=0,011). A sub-analysis in non-ischemic HF patients also showed correlation between NSVT and VT (r=0,602, p<0,05) and admissions to the emergency department by HF decompensation at 5 years (r=0,382, p=0,014).
Conclusions
On remote patient monitoring with CIEDs, NSVT in HF patients was associated with arrhythmic events and may serve as a predictor for HF decompensations.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F Duarte
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - L Oliveira
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - C Serena
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Fontes
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Monteiro
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - C Machado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - R Dourado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - E Santos
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - N Pelicano
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Tavares
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - D Martins
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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Barradas Da Silva M, Duarte F, Oliveira L, Serena C, Fontes A, Monteiro A, Machado C, Dourado R, Santos E, Pelicano N, Pacheco M, Tavares A, Martins D. Prognostic significance of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia on stored electrograms of heart failure patients with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.0975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) is commonly found in patients with structural heart disease and was historically obtained from registers of external ambulatory monitoring. The advent of Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) has made it possible to detect asymptomatic NSVT in Heart Failure (HF) patients more frequently, but its true impact in real world is uncertain, and often does not lead to a change in clinical intervention.
Purpose
To determine the prognostic significance of NSVT detection on stored electrograms of CIEDs in HF patients with systolic left ventricle dysfunction.
Methods
We retrospectively enrolled 132 consecutive HF patients (mean age 67,5±11,1 years, males 72,0%) with systolic left ventricle dysfunction and CIEDs (biventricular pacemakers with or without cardiac defibrillators). Patients were evaluated through CIEDs interrogation and clinical evaluations and divided into NSVT positive (Group 1) and negative groups (Group 2). Mean follow-up period was 62,8±7,1 months.
Results
NSVT was detected in 51 (38,6%) patients. 70 (53,0%) had implantable cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) defibrillator (CRT-D), 37 (28,0%) transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), 13 (9,8%) CRT pacemaker (CRT-P) and 12 (9,1%) subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD). Medium left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 31,1±7,9%, 20,6% were in NYHA III-IV and 47,0% were ischemic (49% Group 1 and 45,7% Group 2, p=0,708). Dyslipidemia was more prevalent in Group 2 (p=0,042). In total 11 (8,3%) patients died, 2 (1,5%) from sudden cardiac death and 5 (3,8%) from cardiovascular death. NSVT was associated with CIEDs treatments (hazard ratio [HR]2,52; 95% confidence interval [CI]1,2–5,1; p=0,001), ventricular fibrillation (VF) (HR: 3,71, 95% CI: 1,19–11,58; p=0,018), sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) (HR: 9,06, 95% CI: 2,82–29,12; p<0,05) and composite outcome of VT, VF, HF re-admissions and related admissions to emergency department (ED) and death by all causes (HR: 2,52; 95% CI: 1,20–5,10; p=0,011). NSVT at 1 year was associated with HF readmissions at 1 year (p=0,004).
Conclusions
On extended monitoring possible with CIEDs, NSVT in HF patients was associated with a worse prognosis and may serve as a predictor of significant arrhythmic events, HF hospitalizations and mortality. These findings enhances the importance of remote monitoring and optimization of therapeutic modalities in these patients along with a close supervision.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F Duarte
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - L Oliveira
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - C Serena
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Fontes
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Monteiro
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - C Machado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - R Dourado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - E Santos
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - N Pelicano
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Tavares
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - D Martins
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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Braga AC, Marçal R, Marques A, Guilherme S, Vilariño Ó, Martins JML, Gago-Martínez A, Costa PR, Pacheco M. Invasive clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) are better equipped to deal with harmful algal blooms toxins than native species (R. decussatus): evidence of species-specific toxicokinetics and DNA vulnerability. Sci Total Environ 2021; 767:144887. [PMID: 33636784 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to assess and compare the kinetics (accumulation/elimination) of the marine biotoxins okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1), between native (Ruditapes decussatus) and invasive (Ruditapes philippinarum) clam species, and their genotoxic effects and DNA recover capacity after, exposure to toxic dinoflagellates Prorocentrum lima. Clams were fed with P. lima for 5 days and then to non-toxic algae (post-exposure) during other 5 days. Toxin concentrations determined in clams by LC-MS/MS were related with DNA damage and repair assessment through the comet and base excision repair (BER) assays, respectively. Differential accumulation patterns were observed between the invasive and native species. The invasive species consistently and progressively accumulated the toxins during the first 24 h of exposure, while the native clams showed drastic variations in the toxin accumulation. Nevertheless, at the end of a 5 days of exposure period, the native clams presented higher toxin concentrations, nearly reaching the legal regulatory limit for human consumption. In addition, native clams were vastly affected by OA and DTX1, presenting an increment in the DNA damage since the first day, with a correspondent increase in the repair activity. On the other hand, invasive clams were not affected by the dinoflagellate toxins, exhibiting only some signs of the challenge, namely an increase in the DNA repair mechanisms in the post-exposure period. Invasive clams R. philippinarum are better adapted to cope with harmful algal blooms and OA-group toxins than native species. These results may increase farming interest and may lead to new introductions of the invasive clams. In sympatry sites, exposure to OA-group toxins may unbalance clams species biomass and distribution as exposure to toxic dinoflagellates affects the native clams from cellular to a population level, representing a significant threat to development and maintenance of R. decussatus populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Braga
- IPMA-Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal; Biology Department and CESAM, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Raquel Marçal
- Biology Department and CESAM, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Marques
- Biology Department and CESAM, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sofia Guilherme
- Biology Department and CESAM, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Óscar Vilariño
- Vigo University, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Campus Universitario de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - J Manuel Leão Martins
- Vigo University, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Campus Universitario de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Ana Gago-Martínez
- Vigo University, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Campus Universitario de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Pedro R Costa
- IPMA-Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal; CCMAR-Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Biology Department and CESAM, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Pacheco P, Pacheco M, Molini-Avejonas D, Mota-Loss A. Adolescents with cleft lip and palate (CLP): Stressful events and coping. Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9479787 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionIndividuals with CLP may present communication disorders, velopharyngeal dysfunction, dento-occlusal changes and hearing losses. Adolescents with CLP usually show greater impairment of communication. Such characteristics combined with the malformed face can impact psychosocial functioning and increase the risk of psychological difficulties. Life-stressing experiences from CLP to life events typical of adolescence, may threaten the well-being of the adolescent, and are linked to mental health and behavioral problems.ObjectivesTo verify the coping of adolescents with CLP through a descriptive cross - sectional study.MethodsFifteen adolescents with CLP participated in the study. To evaluate them it was used the Coping scale (Lees, 2007), for the verification of coping in the families proposed by Motivational Theory of Coping. The analysis of the coping of adolescents with CLP considered two adverse contexts, namely “birth with fissure” and “have your secret told by a friend ”.ResultsIn relation to the evaluation of the psychological needs of relationship, competence and autonomy faced the “birth with fissure” indicates that teens with fissures do not perceive this stressor as a threat to their basic psychological needs.ConclusionsThe adolescents with CLP who participated in the study feel more interested (perception of the challenge) in dealing with the stressor relative to the fissure than in dealing with the betrayal of a friend, who reveals a secret of his to other people.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
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Pacheco P, Pacheco M, Marinho D, Oliveira T, Marques A, Souza K, Franco E, Maia J, Silva L, Molini-Avejonas D. Impacts of social distancing during the covid19 pandemic on the development of children with autism in Brazil. Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9528258 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
COVID-19 is a respiratory disease and its main symptoms are fever, dry cough and difficulty breathing. It spread to several countries, which led the World Health Organization to decree, on March 11, 2020, a pandemic state that deeply affected Brazil. Due to the impossibility of leaving the house, the routine of children with autism was changed. Children in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have a qualitative deficit in social interaction. Clinical and daily observations reinforce several scientific studies that defend the importance of maintaining a routine as stable as possible for people with ASD, without this stability they may become emotionally disorganized, feel discomfort or even irritability.ObjectivesInvestigate the impact caused by social distancing on the development of children and adolescents with autism.MethodsAn online questionnaire based on the DIR/Floortime basic map of emotional functional capacity development was distributed in Brazil from April to May, 2020. The results were analyzed using SPSS software.ResultsResults obtained from 122 questionnaires showed that after 30 days of quarantine 20% of children no longer had the characteristic of being able to remain calm and organized for at least 2 minutes; 11% no longer initiates interactions with their parents; 27% demonstrated more protests and anger than before the social distancing; 18% demonstrated more emotions such as anger, fear and intimacy, 28% began to understand their limits and 12% of the children are using greater facial expression during the social distancing.ConclusionsThis study brings results that can help to understand the processes in a child with autism.
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Pacheco P, Pacheco M, Molini-Avejonas D. Study of 18 months of follow up dir floortime intervention in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9475800 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Children in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have a qualitative deficit in social interaction. The DIR/Floortime (Stanley Greenspan and Serena Wieder) is based on the Child’s Functional Development, Individual Differences and Relationships (D for development, I for individuality or individual differences and R for relationship), aiming at building the foundations for social, emotional and intellectual skills of children. Objectives To determine the results of 18 months DIR/Floortime™ parent training for an additional benefit in encouraging children with ASD climbing the developmental “ladder”. Methods The participants are 15 children with ASD aged between 2 and 6 years-old. The follow-up occurs in two private DIR Floortime Model service centers in Brazil. Protocols: Functional Emotional Assessment Scale – FEAS and Functional Emotional Developmental Questionnaire – FEDQ. The participants were followed-up one on one every four months. Results At the first month of assessment the children showed lack of self regulation, social interaction and engagement with their parents in a symbolic, sensory and motor play setting. At the following evaluations, they showed increase of social interaction and engagement in the same play setting. Besides the high affect of the parents during the play time promoted a two way purpose communication and behavioral organization. Conclusions Children showed a good development of functional and emotional capacities during the study period, demonstrating the effectiveness of the DIR/Floortime model in the intervention.
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Bravo S, Pacheco M, Nuñez V, Correa JD, Chico L. Two-dimensional Weyl points and nodal lines in pentagonal materials and their optical response. Nanoscale 2021; 13:6117-6128. [PMID: 33885603 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00064k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional pentagonal structures based on the Cairo tiling are the basis of a family of layered materials with appealing physical properties. In this work we present a theoretical study of the symmetry-based electronic and optical properties of these pentagonal materials. We provide a complete classification of the space groups that support pentagonal structures for binary and ternary systems. By means of first-principles calculations, the electronic band structures and the local spin textures in momentum space are analyzed for four examples of these materials, namely, PdSeTe, PdSeS, InP5 and GeBi2, all of which are dynamically stable. Our results show that pentagonal structures can be realized in chiral and achiral lattices with Weyl nodes pinned at high-symmetry points and nodal lines along the Brillouin zone boundary; these degeneracies are protected by the combined action of crystalline and time-reversal symmetries. Additionally, we computed the linear and nonlinear optical features of the proposed pentagonal materials and discuss some particular features such as the shift current, which shows an enhancement due to the presence of nodal lines and points, and their possible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Bravo
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
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González I A, Pacheco M, Calle AM, Siqueira EC, Orellana PA. Dicke and Fano-Andreev reflections in a triple quantum-dot system. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3941. [PMID: 33594199 PMCID: PMC7887278 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83407-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This article studies quantum interference effects and their influence on the electronic transport through a parallel triple quantum-dot system coupled to normal and superconducting leads in the linear response and non-equilibrium regime. We model the system by a triple impurity Anderson Hamiltonian including the Coulomb intra-dot correlations in all quantum-dots. Using the non-equilibrium Green's function formalism, we calculate the Andreev conductance and the transmittance for energies within the superconductor gap. Our results show that the Andreev reflection spectra, both in the presence and absence of Coulomb interaction, reveal Fano and Dicke-like resonances in analogy to the Fano and Dicke effects in atomic physics. As one of the main results, we obtain that the charge shows abrupt changes due to the Dicke effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- A González I
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, 110 V, Valparaíso, Casilla, Chile.
| | - M Pacheco
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, 110 V, Valparaíso, Casilla, Chile
| | - A M Calle
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, 110 V, Valparaíso, Casilla, Chile
| | - E C Siqueira
- Departamento Acadêmico de Física, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - P A Orellana
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, 110 V, Valparaíso, Casilla, Chile.
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Carvalhais A, Pereira B, Sabato M, Seixas R, Dolbeth M, Marques A, Guilherme S, Pereira P, Pacheco M, Mieiro C. Mild Effects of Sunscreen Agents on a Marine Flatfish: Oxidative Stress, Energetic Profiles, Neurotoxicity and Behaviour in Response to Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Oxybenzone. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041567. [PMID: 33557180 PMCID: PMC7913899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
UV filters are potentially harmful to marine organisms. Given their worldwide dissemination and the scarcity of studies on marine fish, we evaluated the toxicity of an organic (oxybenzone) and an inorganic (titanium dioxide nanoparticles) UV filter, individually and in a binary mixture, in the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Fish were intraperitoneally injected and a multi-level assessment was carried out 3 and 7 days later. Oxybenzone and titanium dioxide nanoparticles induced mild effects on turbot, both isolated and in mixture. Neither oxidative stress (intestine, liver and kidney) nor neurotoxicity (brain) was found. However, liver metabolic function was altered after 7 days, suggesting the impairment of the aerobic metabolism. An increased motility rate in oxybenzone treatment was the only behavioural alteration (day 7). The intestine and liver were preferentially targeted, while kidney and brain were unaffected. Both infra- and supra-additive interactions were perceived, with a toxicodynamic nature, resulting either in favourable or unfavourable toxicological outcomes, which were markedly dependent on the organ, parameter and post-injection time. The combined exposure to the UV filters did not show a consistent increment in toxicity in comparison with the isolated exposures, which is an ecologically relevant finding providing key information towards the formulation of environmentally safe sunscreen products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carvalhais
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.); (B.P.); (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Bárbara Pereira
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.); (B.P.); (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Mariangela Sabato
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Rafaela Seixas
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.); (B.P.); (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Marina Dolbeth
- CIIMAR, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; or
| | - Ana Marques
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.); (B.P.); (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Sofia Guilherme
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.); (B.P.); (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Patrícia Pereira
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.); (B.P.); (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Mário Pacheco
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.); (B.P.); (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Cláudia Mieiro
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.); (B.P.); (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Marçal R, Pacheco M, Guilherme S. DNA of crayfish spermatozoa as a target of waterborne pesticides - An ex vivo approach as a tool to short-term spermiotoxicity screening. J Hazard Mater 2020; 400:123300. [PMID: 32947705 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The spermiotoxic properties of aquatic contaminants might be the cause of low fertilization rate and decreased prolificacy, affecting the success of the impacted populations. The genotoxic potential of pesticides in spermatozoa as an undesirable effect on non-target organisms, namely aquatic invertebrates with external fertilization, emerges as a key question in ecogenotoxicological research. Thus, this study aimed to clarify if DNA integrity of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) spermatozoa is affected by waterborne pesticides at environmentally relevant concentrations. By adopting an ex vivo approach, six pesticides were addressed in a short-term assay: herbicides glyphosate (9 and 90 μg L-1) and penoxsulam (2.3 and 23 μg L-1); insecticides dimethoate (2.4 and 24 μg L-1) and imidacloprid (13.1 and 131 μg L-1); fungicides pyrimethanil (2.2 and 22 μg L-1) and imazalil (16 and 160 μg L-1). Genotoxicity was observed in higher concentrations of glyphosate, penoxsulam, dimethoate, pyrimethanil, and imazalil. Imidacloprid was the only pesticide that did not cause non-specific DNA damage, although displaying pro-oxidant properties. Overall, the present study demonstrated the suitability of the ex vivo approach on spermiotoxicity screening, highlighting the potential ecological impact of pesticides on non-target species, such as P. clarkii, compromising sperm DNA integrity and, subsequently, the population success.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Marçal
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - M Pacheco
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - S Guilherme
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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Braga AC, Pereira V, Marçal R, Marques A, Guilherme S, Costa PR, Pacheco M. DNA damage and oxidative stress responses of mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis to paralytic shellfish toxins under warming and acidification conditions - Elucidation on the organ-specificity. Aquat Toxicol 2020; 228:105619. [PMID: 32937230 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Commonly affected by changes in climate and environmental conditions, coastal areas are very dynamic environments where shellfish play an important ecological role. In this study, the oxidative stress and genotoxic responses of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) exposed to paralytic shellfish toxin (PST) - producing dinoflagellates Gymnodinium catenatum were evaluated under i) current conditions (CC: 19 °C; pH 8.0), ii) warming (W: 24 °C; pH 8.0), iii) acidification (A:19 °C; pH 7.6) and iv) combined effect of warming and acidification (WA: 24 °C; pH 7.6). Mussels were fed with G. catenatum for 5 days, and to a non-toxic diet during the following 10 days. A battery of oxidative stress biomarkers and comet assay was performed at the peak of toxin accumulation and at the end of the post-exposure phase. Under CC, gills and hepatopancreas displayed different responses/vulnerabilities and mechanisms to cope with PST. While gills presented a tendency for lipid peroxidation (LPO) and genetic damage (expressed by the Genetic Damage Indicator - GDI), hepatopancreas seems to better cope with the toxins, as no LPO was observed. However, the mechanisms involved in hepatopancreas protection were not enough to maintain DNA integrity. The absence of LPO, and the antioxidant system low responsiveness, suggests DNA damage was not oxidative. When exposed to toxic algae under W, toxin-modulated antioxidant responses were observed in both gills and hepatopancreas. Simultaneous exposure to the stressors highlighted gills susceptibility with a synergistic interaction increasing DNA damage. Exposure to toxic algae under A led to genotoxicity potentiation in both organs. The combined effect of WA did not cause relevant interactions in gills antioxidant responses, but stressors interactions impacted LPO and GDI. Antioxidant responses and LPO pointed out to be modulated by the environmental conditions in hepatopancreas, while GDI results support the dominance of toxin-triggered process. Overall, these results reveal that simultaneous exposure to warming, acidification and PSTs impairs mussel DNA integrity, compromising the genetic information due to the synergetic effects. Finally, this study highlights the increasing ecological risk of harmful algal blooms to Mytilus galloprovinciallis populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Braga
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal; CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Vitória Pereira
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Raquel Marçal
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Marques
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sofia Guilherme
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro R Costa
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal; CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Teixeira G, Raimundo J, Goulart J, Costa V, Menezes GM, Caetano M, Pacheco M, Martins I. Hg and Se composition in demersal deep-sea fish from the North-East Atlantic. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:33649-33657. [PMID: 32358755 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08970-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It has been emphasized that seafood consumers may have a higher risk of mercury (Hg) exposure. Nevertheless, the co-occurrence of selenium (Se) in organisms may affect the toxicity and bioavailability of Hg. In this work, we aim to demonstrate the possible role of Se as a potential protective element against Hg in muscle and liver tissues of three demersal deep-sea fish species: common mora Mora moro, birdbeak dogfish Deania calcea, and smooth lanternshark Etmopterus pusillus. Comparing species, the birdbeak dogfish D. calcea showed the highest Hg concentrations, the lowest Se levels, the lowest mean Se:Hg molar ratio, a negative HBV-Se index, and no correlation between total length. On the other hand, smooth lanternshark E. pusillus showed the lowest Hg concentrations, the highest Se concentrations, the highest mean Se:Hg molar ratio, a positive HBV-Se index, and a significant positive correlation between total length and Se concentrations in muscle. Comparing tissues, the common mora Mora moro seems to accumulate more Hg and Se in liver than shark species D. calcea and E. pusillus that showed to accumulate Hg and Se preferentially in muscle. Our results indicate that these three species for having Hg concentrations near and above the EU regulatory thresholds and for presenting low Se:Hg ratios, and negative (or low positive) HBV-Se index may pose a real risk of Hg toxicity for the consumer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Teixeira
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana Raimundo
- IPMA- Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Brasília, 1449-006, Lisbon, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto (U.Porto), Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Joana Goulart
- IMAR- Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal
- OKEANOS- Research Unit- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal
| | - Valentina Costa
- IMAR- Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal
- OKEANOS- Research Unit- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal
| | - Gui M Menezes
- OKEANOS- Research Unit- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal
| | - Miguel Caetano
- IPMA- Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Brasília, 1449-006, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Inês Martins
- IMAR- Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal.
- OKEANOS- Research Unit- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal.
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Teixeira G, Raimundo J, Goulart J, Costa V, Menezes GM, Caetano M, Pacheco M, Martins I. Correction to: Hg and Se composition in demersal deep-sea fish from the North-East Atlantic. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:33658. [PMID: 32632677 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09900-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The correct Table 2 is presented in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Teixeira
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana Raimundo
- IPMA- Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Brasília, 1449-006, Lisbon, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto (U.Porto), Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Joana Goulart
- IMAR- Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal
- OKEANOS- Research Unit- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal
| | - Valentina Costa
- IMAR- Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal
- OKEANOS- Research Unit- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal
| | - Gui M Menezes
- OKEANOS- Research Unit- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal
| | - Miguel Caetano
- IPMA- Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Brasília, 1449-006, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Inês Martins
- IMAR- Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal.
- OKEANOS- Research Unit- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal.
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Mieiro CL, Martins M, da Silva M, Coelho JP, Lopes CB, da Silva AA, Alves J, Pereira E, Pardal M, Costa MH, Pacheco M. Advances on assessing nanotoxicity in marine fish - the pros and cons of combining an ex vivo approach and histopathological analysis in gills. Aquat Toxicol 2019; 217:105322. [PMID: 31639587 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The need to overcome logistic and ethical limitations of in vivo nanotoxicity evaluation in marine organisms is essential, mostly when dealing with fish. It is well established that medium/solvent conditions affect dispersion and agglomeration of nanoparticles (NPs), which represents a constraint towards a solid and realistic toxicity appraisal. In this way the pros and cons of an ex vivo approach, using a simplified exposure medium (seawater) and addressing gills histopathology, were explored. The nanotoxic potential of environmentally realistic concentrations of titanium dioxide NPs (TiO2 NPs) was also assessed, disclosing the morpho-functional effects on the gills and the possible uptake/elimination processes. Excised gills of the Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) were directly exposed in artificial seawater to 20 and 200 μg L-1 TiO2 NPs, for 2 h and 4 h. Semi-quantitative and quantitative histological analyses were applied. The normal morphology of the gill's epithelia was only slightly altered in the control, reflecting protective mechanisms against the artificiality of the experimental conditions, which, together with the absence of differences in the global histopathological index (Ih), corroborated that the gill's morpho-functional features were not compromised, thereby validating the proposed ex vivo approach. TiO2 NPs induced moderate severity and dissemination of histopathological lesions. After 2 h, a series of compensatory mechanisms occurred in NP treatments, implying an efficient response of the innate defense system (increasing number of goblet cells) and effective osmoregulatory ability (chloride cells proliferation). After 4 h, gills revealed signs of recovery (normalization of the number of chloride and goblet cells; similar Ih), highlighting the tissue viability and effective elimination and/or neutralization of NPs. The uptake of the TiO2 NPs seemed to be favored by the higher particle sizes. Overall, the proposed approach emerged as a high-throughput, reliable, accurate and ethically commendable methodology for nanotoxicity assessment in marine fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Mieiro
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centre for Functional Ecology - CFE, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - M Martins
- MARE & Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University Nova of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University Nova of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - M da Silva
- MARE & Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University Nova of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - J P Coelho
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - C B Lopes
- Department of Chemistry & CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A Alves da Silva
- Centre for Functional Ecology - CFE, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - J Alves
- Centre for Functional Ecology - CFE, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - E Pereira
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Pardal
- Centre for Functional Ecology - CFE, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M H Costa
- MARE & Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University Nova of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Santos S, Ferreira T, Almeida J, Pires MJ, Colaço A, Lemos S, Gil da Costa RM, Medeiros R, Bastos MMSM, Neuparth MJ, Abreu H, Pereira R, Pacheco M, Gaivão I, Rosa E, Oliveira PA. Dietary Supplementation with the Red Seaweed Porphyra umbilicalis Protects against DNA Damage and Pre-Malignant Dysplastic Skin Lesions in HPV-Transgenic Mice. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17110615. [PMID: 31671845 PMCID: PMC6891340 DOI: 10.3390/md17110615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Some diet profiles are associated with the risk of developing cancer; however, some nutrients show protective effects. Porphyra umbilicalis is widely consumed, having a balanced nutritional profile; however, its potential for cancer chemoprevention still needs comprehensive studies. In this study, we incorporated P. umbilicalis into the diet of mice transgenic for the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16), which spontaneously develop pre-malignant and malignant lesions, and determined whether this seaweed was able to block lesion development. Forty-four 20-week-old HPV+/− and HPV−/− mice were fed either a base diet or a diet supplemented with 10% seaweed. At the end of the study, skin samples were examined to classify HPV16-induced lesions. The liver was also screened for potential toxic effects of the seaweed. Blood was used to study toxicological parameters and to perform comet and micronucleus genotoxicity tests. P. umbilicalis significantly reduced the incidence of pre-malignant dysplastic lesions, completely abrogating them in the chest skin. These results suggest that P. umbilicalis dietary supplementation has the potential to block the development of pre-malignant skin lesions and indicate its antigenotoxic activity against HPV-induced DNA damage. Further studies are needed to establish the seaweed as a functional food and clarify the mechanisms whereby this seaweed blocks multistep carcinogenesis induced by HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Santos
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Tiago Ferreira
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - José Almeida
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Maria J Pires
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Aura Colaço
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
- Animal and Veterinary Research Center (CECAV), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Sílvia Lemos
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Rui M Gil da Costa
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
- CEBIMED, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal.
- LPCC Research Department, Portuguese League against Cancer (NRNorte), 4200-172 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Margarida M S M Bastos
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria J Neuparth
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Helena Abreu
- ALGAplus, Lda., PCI-Creative Science Park, 3830-352 Ílhavo, Portugal.
| | - Rui Pereira
- ALGAplus, Lda., PCI-Creative Science Park, 3830-352 Ílhavo, Portugal.
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Isabel Gaivão
- Department of Genetic and Biotechnology, CECAV, UTAD, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Eduardo Rosa
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
- Department of Agronomy, UTAD, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Paula A Oliveira
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
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Dourado R, Goncalves G, Tavares A, Fontes A, Pacheco M, Melo F, Machado C, Santos E, Ferreira S, Pelicano N, Almeida C, Serena C, Oliveira L, Martins D. P270Cardiac computed tomography after invasive coronary angiography without revascularization. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez148.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Dourado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - G Goncalves
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, USISM, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Tavares
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Fontes
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - F Melo
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - C Machado
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - E Santos
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - S Ferreira
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - N Pelicano
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - C Almeida
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - C Serena
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - L Oliveira
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - D Martins
- Hospital Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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Guilherme S, Crespo R, Azevedo D, Marques A, Santos MA, Serradeiro R, Pacheco M. DNA and chromosomal damage in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) as side effects of ozone-based water treatment - Contribution to optimization of fish-farming practices. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 219:68-76. [PMID: 30771494 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The progressive growth of aquaculture implicates a dependence on large water amounts, which are submitted to disinfection processes, namely ozonation. Considering the importance of genomic integrity, it is critical to improve the knowledge on ozone-related genotoxic hazard to organisms reared in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) applying ozonation. Therefore, genetic damage induced by ozone exposure in the Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) was assessed, combining the comet and the erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENA) assays, reflecting different damage levels, i.e. DNA and chromosomal damage, respectively. Fish were subjected to a daily 6-h ozone (0.15 mg L-1) exposure, repeated for 3 consecutive days, simulating a short-term event of overozonation. To assess the temporal impact of the previous event, the progression of damage was evaluated 7 days later, following transference to ozone-free water or to 0.07 mg L-1 ozone, a routinely adopted level in RAS. Both endpoints pointed to the ozone genotoxic potential, displaying DNA oxidation as a possible mechanism of damage. Overall, the present findings pointed out the genotoxic hazard of ozone to fish, highlighting the importance of these types of studies and contributing to improve aquaculture practices, namely in RAS systems. These early genotoxic signals may be a prelude to negative repercussions on fish health, which may affect the aquaculture productivity. The present findings recommend precautions in relation to accidental or intentional overozonation in fish-farming, even when short-term events are considered. The strategies to mitigate the impact of ozonation in S. senegalensis may include a dietary extra supplementation of antioxidants (regularly, or punctually in cases of overozonation).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guilherme
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - R Crespo
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - D Azevedo
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A Marques
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M A Santos
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - R Serradeiro
- Riasearch, Rua do Farol, N° 131, Torrão do Lameiro, 3880-394 Ovar, Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Pereira V, Marques A, Gaivão I, Rego A, Abreu H, Pereira R, Santos MA, Guilherme S, Pacheco M. Marine macroalgae as a dietary source of genoprotection in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) against endogenous and exogenous challenges. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 219:12-24. [PMID: 30721760 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
DNA integrity and stability are essential to organisms' health and survival. However, it has been neglected in what concerns to fish farming, disregarding the potential impact of endogenous/ exogenous factors. As marine macroalgae constitute a source of natural compounds with a large spectrum of biological activities, this study, situated in the interface of nutritional-genetic research and development of algae practical applications, aimed to evaluate the genoprotective properties of a macroalgae-enriched diet (total percentage of 5%, incorporating equal percentages of Ulva rigida, Gracilaria gracilis and Fucus vesiculosus) in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Protection was assessed in relation to a basal genome integrity and against an exogenous genotoxic challenge (cyclophosphamide; CP). Fish were reared for 30 days with the supplemented diet, being then injected with CP and sampled at days 3 and 10 post-injection (p.i.). To evaluate whether the favorable effects remain after the end of supplementation, a fish subgroup previously fed with algae-enriched diet was submitted to a diet reversion at day 3 p.i., being thereafter fed with the standard diet. Genetic damage was evaluated through the erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENA) and comet assays and complemented by the assessment of the antioxidant system. Results pointed out that algae-enriched feed exhibits anti-genotoxic properties, mostly expressed in relation to the exogenous pressure, manifest in relation to DNA strand breaks and chromosomal lesions, also reducing oxidative DNA damage. Nonetheless, blood antioxidants were only punctually altered by the supplemented diet (e.g. catalase and glutathione-S-transferase). Analyzing the effect persistence, it was perceived that 7 days without algae uptake was enough to partially reduce the protection efficacy. Overall, these findings are promising towards the benefits of macroalgae inclusion in fish diet, and thus, to invigorate mariculture activity and the commercial use of algae, also providing new insights on the DNA protection mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitória Pereira
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Ana Marques
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Gaivão
- CECAV and Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro University, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Andreia Rego
- ALGAplus Lda., Travessa Alexandre da Conceição s/n, 3830-196 Ílhavo, Portugal
| | - Helena Abreu
- ALGAplus Lda., Travessa Alexandre da Conceição s/n, 3830-196 Ílhavo, Portugal
| | - Rui Pereira
- ALGAplus Lda., Travessa Alexandre da Conceição s/n, 3830-196 Ílhavo, Portugal
| | - Maria Ana Santos
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sofia Guilherme
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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47
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Queirós L, Pereira JL, Gonçalves FJ, Pacheco M, Aschner M, Pereira P. Caenorhabditis elegans as a tool for environmental risk assessment: emerging and promising applications for a "nobelized worm". Crit Rev Toxicol 2019; 49:411-429. [PMID: 31268799 PMCID: PMC6823147 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2019.1626801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans has been an invaluable model organism in research fields such as developmental biology and neurobiology. Neurotoxicity is one of the subfields greatly profiting from the C. elegans model within biomedical context, while the corresponding potential of the organism applied to environmental studies is relevant but has been largely underexplored. Within the biomedical scope, the implication of metals and organic chemicals with pesticide activity (hereinafter designated as pesticides) in the etiology of several neurodegenerative diseases has been extensively investigated using this nematode as a primary model organism. Additionally, as a well-known experimental model bearing high sensitivity to different contaminants and representing important functional levels in soil and aquatic ecosystems, C. elegans has high potential to be extensively integrated within Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) routines. In spite of the recognition of some regulatory agencies, this actual step has yet to be made. The purpose of this review is to discuss the major advantages supporting the inclusion of C. elegans in lower tiers of ERA. Special emphasis was given to its sensitivity to metals and pesticides, which is similar to that of other model organisms commonly used in ERA (e.g. Daphnia magna and Eisenia sp.), and to the large array of endpoints that can be tested with the species, both concerning the aquatic and the soil compartments. The inclusion of C. elegans testing may hence represent a relevant advance in ERA, providing ecologically relevant insights toward improvement of the regulatory capacity for establishing appropriate environmental protection benchmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Queirós
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - J. L. Pereira
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - F. J.M. Gonçalves
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M. Pacheco
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M. Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - P. Pereira
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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48
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Pape TB, Rosenow J, Herrold A, Livengood S, Kletzel S, Guernon A, Mallinson T, Bhaumik D, Pacheco M, Patil V, Parrish T, Conneely M. ReEnabling ConsciOus behaViors by Engaging dopamineRgic pathwaYs (RECOVERY). Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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49
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Pereira P, Korbas M, Pereira V, Cappello T, Maisano M, Canário J, Almeida A, Pacheco M. A multidimensional concept for mercury neuronal and sensory toxicity in fish - From toxicokinetics and biochemistry to morphometry and behavior. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:129298. [PMID: 30768958 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuronal and sensory toxicity of mercury (Hg) compounds has been largely investigated in humans/mammals with a focus on public health, while research in fish is less prolific and dispersed by different species. Well-established premises for mammals have been governing fish research, but some contradictory findings suggest that knowledge translation between these animal groups needs prudence [e.g. the relative higher neurotoxicity of methylmercury (MeHg) vs. inorganic Hg (iHg)]. Biochemical/physiological differences between the groups (e.g. higher brain regeneration in fish) may determine distinct patterns. This review undertakes the challenge of identifying sensitive cellular targets, Hg-driven biochemical/physiological vulnerabilities in fish, while discriminating specificities for Hg forms. SCOPE OF REVIEW A functional neuroanatomical perspective was conceived, comprising: (i) Hg occurrence in the aquatic environment; (ii) toxicokinetics on central nervous system (CNS)/sensory organs; (iii) effects on neurotransmission; (iv) biochemical/physiological effects on CNS/sensory organs; (v) morpho-structural changes on CNS/sensory organs; (vi) behavioral effects. The literature was also analyzed to generate a multidimensional conceptualization translated into a Rubik's Cube where key factors/processes were proposed. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Hg neurosensory toxicity was unequivocally demonstrated. Some correspondence with toxicity mechanisms described for mammals (mainly at biochemical level) was identified. Although the research has been dispersed by numerous fish species, 29 key factors/processes were pinpointed. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Future trends were identified and translated into 25 factors/processes to be addressed. Unveiling the neurosensory toxicity of Hg in fish has a major motivation of protecting ichtyopopulations and ecosystems, but can also provide fundamental knowledge to the field of human neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Pereira
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Malgorzata Korbas
- Science Division, Canadian Light Source Inc., Saskatoon, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Vitória Pereira
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Tiziana Cappello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy
| | - Maria Maisano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy
| | - João Canário
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Armando Almeida
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine (EM), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, Braga 4750-057, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
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50
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Alhadas H, Valadares S, Souza C, Rocha L, Pacheco M, Silva B, Costa D, Mantovani H. PSX-18 Inclusion of physically effective fiber from forage on whole corn based diets for beef cattle and its effects on the intake and digestibilities of dry matter, starch and neutral detergent fiber. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Alhadas
- Federal University of Vicosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - S Valadares
- Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - C Souza
- Federal University of Vicosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - L Rocha
- Federal University of Vicosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - M Pacheco
- Federal University of Vicosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - B Silva
- Federal University of Vicosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - D Costa
- Federal University of Vicosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - H Mantovani
- Federal University of Vicosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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