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Martins TS, Da-Silva CJ, Shabala S, Striker GG, Carvalho IR, de Oliveira ACB, do Amarante L. Understanding plant responses to saline waterlogging: insights from halophytes and implications for crop tolerance. PLANTA 2023; 259:24. [PMID: 38108902 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04275-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Saline and wet environments stress most plants, reducing growth and yield. Halophytes adapt with ion regulation, energy maintenance, and antioxidants. Understanding these mechanisms aids in breeding resilient crops for climate change. Waterlogging and salinity are two abiotic stresses that have a major negative impact on crop growth and yield. These conditions cause osmotic, ionic, and oxidative stress, as well as energy deprivation, thus impairing plant growth and development. Although few crop species can tolerate the combination of salinity and waterlogging, halophytes are plant species that exhibit high tolerance to these conditions due to their morphological, anatomical, and metabolic adaptations. In this review, we discuss the main mechanisms employed by plants exposed to saline waterlogging, intending to understand the mechanistic basis of their ion homeostasis. We summarize the knowledge of transporters and channels involved in ion accumulation and exclusion, and how they are modulated to prevent cytosolic toxicity. In addition, we discuss how reactive oxygen species production and cell signaling enhance ion transport and aerenchyma formation, and how plants exposed to saline waterlogging can control oxidative stress. We also address the morphological and anatomical modifications that plants undergo in response to combined stress, including aerenchyma formation, root porosity, and other traits that help to mitigate stress. Furthermore, we discuss the peculiarities of halophyte plants and their features that can be leveraged to improve crop yields in areas prone to saline waterlogging. This review provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of plant adaptation to saline waterlogging thus paving the path for future research on crop breeding and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamires S Martins
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão Do Leão, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Crop Physiology (LCroP), Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Cristiane J Da-Silva
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão Do Leão, Brazil.
- Department of Horticultural Science, NC State University, Raleigh, USA.
| | - Sergey Shabala
- School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Gustavo G Striker
- IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- School of Agriculture and Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Ivan R Carvalho
- Departamento de Estudos Agrários, Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Ijuí, Brazil
| | | | - Luciano do Amarante
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão Do Leão, Brazil
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2
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Souza IDC, Morozesk M, Azevedo VC, Griboff J, Elliott M, Matsumoto ST, Monferrán MV, Wunderlin DA, Fernandes MN. Integrating chemical and biological data by chemometrics to evaluate detoxification responses of a neotropical bivalve to metal and metalloid contamination. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139730. [PMID: 37574089 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Mangroves represent a challenge in monitoring studies due to their physical and chemical conditions under constant marine and anthropogenic influences. This study investigated metals/metalloids whole-body bioaccumulation (soft tissues) and the risk associated with their uptake, biochemical and morphological detoxification processes in gills and metals/metalloids immobilisation in shells of the neotropical sentinel oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae from two Brazilian estuarine sites. Biochemical and morphological responses indicated three main mechanisms: (1) catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione played important roles as the first defence against reactive oxygen species; (2) antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals, glutathione S-transferase, metallothionein prevent protein damage and (3) metals/metalloids sequestration into oyster shells as a mechanism of oyster detoxification. However, the estimated daily intake, target hazard quotient, and hazard index showed that the human consumption of oysters would not represent a human health risk. Among 14 analysed metals/metalloids, chemometrics indicate that Mn, As, Pb, Zn and Fe overload the antioxidant system leading to morphological alterations in gills. Overall, results indicated cellular vacuolization and increases in mucous cell density as defence mechanisms to prevent metals/metalloids accumulation and the reduction in gill cilia; these have long-term implications in respiration and feeding and, consequently, for growth and development. The integration of data from different sites and environmental conditions using chemometrics highlights the main biological patterns of detoxification from a neotropical estuarine bivalve, indicating the way in which species can cope with metals/metalloids contamination and its ecological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara da C Souza
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (DCF/UFSCar), Ave. Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo (DBV/UFES), Ave. Fernando Ferrari, 514, 29075-910, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Morozesk
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (DCF/UFSCar), Ave. Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Vinicius C Azevedo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Julieta Griboff
- Departamento Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, and CONICET, CIBICI, Ciudad Universitaria, Medina Allende Esq. Haya de La Torre S/n, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Michael Elliott
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK; International Estuarine & Coastal Specialists (IECS) Ltd. Leven, HU17 5LQ, UK.
| | - Silvia T Matsumoto
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo (DBV/UFES), Ave. Fernando Ferrari, 514, 29075-910, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| | - Magdalena V Monferrán
- Departamento Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, and CONICET, CIBICI, Ciudad Universitaria, Medina Allende Esq. Haya de La Torre S/n, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; ICYTAC: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba, CONICET and Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Cdad. Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Daniel A Wunderlin
- ICYTAC: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba, CONICET and Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Cdad. Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Marisa N Fernandes
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (DCF/UFSCar), Ave. Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Yang F, Yuan Y, Liu Q, Zhang X, Gai S, Jin Y, Cheng K. Artificial humic acid promotes growth of maize seedling under alkali conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 327:121588. [PMID: 37028787 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Salinization of cropland is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting global agricultural sustainability, posing a serious threat to agricultural productivity and food security. Application of artificial humic acid (A-HA) as plant biostimulants has been increasingly attracting farmers and researchers. However, its regulation of seed germination and growth under alkali stress has rarely received attention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the response of maize (Zea mays L.) seed germination and seedling growth after the addition of A-HA. The effects of A-HA on seed germination, seedling growth, chlorophyll contents and osmoregulation substance under black and saline soil conditions were studied by soaking maize in solutions with and without various concentrations of A-HA. Artificial humic acid treatments significantly increased the seed germination index and dry weight of seedlings. The effects of maize root in absence and presence of A-HA under alkali stress were also evaluated using transcriptome sequencing. GO and KEGG analyzes were performed on differentially expressed genes, and the reliability of transcriptome data was verified by qPCR analysis. Results showed that A-HA significantly activated phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, oxidative phosphorylation pathways and plant hormone signal transduction. Moreover, Transcription factor analysis revealed that A-HA induced the expression of several transcription factors under alkali stress which had a regulatory effect on the alleviation of alkali damage in the root system. Overall, our results suggested that soaking seeds with A-HA can alleviate alkali accumulation and toxicity in maize, constituting a simple and effective strategy to mitigate saline toxicity. These results will provide new insights for the application of A-HA in management to reduce alkali-caused crop loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Joint Laboratory of Northeast Agricultural University and Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (NEAU-MPICI), Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Yue Yuan
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Joint Laboratory of Northeast Agricultural University and Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (NEAU-MPICI), Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qingyu Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Joint Laboratory of Northeast Agricultural University and Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (NEAU-MPICI), Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Joint Laboratory of Northeast Agricultural University and Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (NEAU-MPICI), Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shuang Gai
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Joint Laboratory of Northeast Agricultural University and Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (NEAU-MPICI), Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yongxu Jin
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Joint Laboratory of Northeast Agricultural University and Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (NEAU-MPICI), Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Kui Cheng
- Joint Laboratory of Northeast Agricultural University and Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (NEAU-MPICI), Harbin, 150030, China; College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
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The Ecological-Health Risks of Potentially Toxic Metals in the Surface Sediments and Leaves of Salt-Secreting Avicennia officinalis as Potential Phytoremediators: A Field-Based Biomonitoring Study from Klang Mangrove Area. BIOLOGY 2022; 12:biology12010043. [PMID: 36671736 PMCID: PMC9855768 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the ecological-health risks of potentially toxic metals in the surface sediments on the Klang mangrove ecosystem and assessed the phytoremediation potential of Avicennia officinalis collected from the area. The results showed that the concentrations (mg/kg dry weight) of Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the surface sediments ranged between 5.30−63.8, 14.2−32.7, 30.3−62.3, and 46.4−269, respectively. The ecological risk values of the surface sediments indicated that Ni, Pb and Zn were all classified as ‘low potential ecological risk’, while the Cu ecological risk ranged between ‘low potential ecological risk’ and ‘considerable potential ecological risk’. For the health risks on the sediments, all of the values of hazard index for Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn, based on a combination of three pathways, indicated < 1.00, showing that the four metals are non-carcinogenic. Based on the bioconcentration factor values, it can be concluded that the lamina has better potential as a phytoremediator of essential Cu, Zn and Fe. In contrast, midrib plus petiole has better potential as a phytoremediator of non-essential Pb and Ni. To mitigate the threats to the Klang mangrove ecosystem, the information offered in the present study can be employed in the monitoring and provision of the ecological-health risks of potentially toxic metals in the Klang mangrove ecosystem. Hence, the present findings can be employed for developing a water-energy-food framework for managing the Klang mangrove ecosystem.
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Langenbach T, Pessoa DMM, Soares MLG, Magdaleno ACRM, Hagler A, de Campos TMP. Zinc and cadmium contamination in an Avicennia schaueriana mangrove environment: Mass balance and tissue distribution. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 184:114170. [PMID: 36307951 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The leachate pond of a Zn processing plant in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, released Zn and Cd into a mangrove during three decades. Soil, root, stems, leaves and phloem bark samples of Avicenna schaueriana from the mangrove were collected and analyzed. Zn and Cd levels were measured by atomic absorption and were much more concentrated in soil at 76 kg/ha and 424 kg/ha respectively than in the trees (272.3 kg/ha Zn and 0.046 kg/ha Cd). This species shows a protective mechanism against uptake. The high content of Cd in the bark phloem was due to exposure to tidal flooding with high concentrations of Cd, not translocation from the roots. Allometry, and the biomass of roots, stems, leaves and bark showed that only a small percentage was phytoextracted by A. schaueriana, so this species under the described concentrations cannot phytoaccumulate and should not be used in phytoextraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomaz Langenbach
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Scientific Technical Center (CTC), Rua Marquês de São Vicente, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil.
| | - Denise Maria Mano Pessoa
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Scientific Technical Center (CTC), Rua Marquês de São Vicente, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil.
| | - Mário Luiz Gomes Soares
- Faculty of Oceanography, Center for Technology and Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rua São Francisco Xavier, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro 20550013, Brazil.
| | - Anna Carolina Ribeiro Mendes Magdaleno
- Post-graduation in Plant Biotechnology Program, Health Sciences Center (CCS), Block K, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Allen Hagler
- Department of General Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology Professor Paulo de Góes, Health Sciences Center (CCS), Block I, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Tácio Mauro Pereira de Campos
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Scientific Technical Center (CTC), Rua Marquês de São Vicente, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil.
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6
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Besley CH, Birch GF. Comparison of mangrove (Avicennia marina) metal tissue concentrations to ambient sediment with an extensive range of contaminant levels in a highly-modified estuary (Sydney estuary, Australia). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 171:112680. [PMID: 34265551 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Statistically distinct 'high', 'moderate' and 'low' metal contamination positions were distinguished across five Sydney estuary embayments for total sedimentary metal concentrations of Ni, Pb and Zn. While statistically distinct total sedimentary As, Cd, Co and Cu concentrations were indicated for the 'low' position samples. Mangrove (Avicennia marina) pneumatophore tissue metal concentrations from 'high' position trees were statistically distinct for Cd, Ni, Pb and Zn, while root tissue samples from 'low' position trees were statistically distinct for As, Cd and Zn. Outcomes from CAP, simple linear regression and DISTLM modelling indicated sedimentary metals were predominantly assimilated into mangrove root tissue, with smaller uptake into pneumatophore tissue. A comparison of floristic tissue metal concentrations indicated mangrove (A. marina) root tissue assimilated higher sedimentary metal concentrations than leaf and root tissue of seagrasses (Zostera capricorni and Halophila ovalis), which had relatively higher metal concentrations than those from pneumatophore and leaf mangrove tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Besley
- Monitoring, Design and Reporting, Sydney Water, 1 Smith Street, Parramatta, NSW 2150, Australia.
| | - G F Birch
- School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Souza IDC, Arrivabene HP, Azevedo VC, Duarte ID, Rocha LD, Matsumoto ST, Franco A, Elliott M, Wunderlin DA, Monferrán MV, Fernandes MN. Different trophodynamics between two proximate estuaries with differing degrees of pollution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:144651. [PMID: 33736395 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mangroves are complex ecosystems with widely varying abiotic factors such as salinity, pH, redox potential, substratum particle size, dissolved organic matter and xenobiotic concentrations, and a high biodiversity. This paper presents the trophodynamic pathways of accumulation and transfer of metals and metalloids (B, Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Pb and Hg), in three trophic chains (plant-crab-fish, plankton-shrimp-fish and plankton-oyster) of similar food webs, corresponding to two mangrove estuaries (Santa Cruz and Vitória Bay, separated by 70 km) in the Espírito Santo State (Brazil). Although the trophic transfer patterns are affected by physical variables, metal and metalloids were found in all trophic levels. We observed similar trophodynamics between both estuaries with some elements, but unequal transfer patterns in other cases, thus questioning the effectiveness of 15N to determine the food chain when the aquatic biota is affected by anthropogenic contaminants. Thus, in the Santa Cruz estuary, most metals were biomagnified through the food web. Conversely, Vitória Bay presented mostly biodilution, suggesting that metal/metalloid transference patterns in mangrove ecosystems may be affected by different anthropogenic contamination inputs. These results indicate the importance of knowing the complete food web when evaluating the trophic transfer of elements, including an evaluation of the differential impact of pollution on diverse components of the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara da C Souza
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Hiulana P Arrivabene
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Ave. Fernando Ferrari, 514, 29075-910 Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| | - Vinicius C Azevedo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Ian D Duarte
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Ave. Fernando Ferrari, 514, 29075-910 Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| | - Livia D Rocha
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Ave. Fernando Ferrari, 514, 29075-910 Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| | - Silvia T Matsumoto
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Ave. Fernando Ferrari, 514, 29075-910 Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| | - Anita Franco
- Estuarine and Marine Ecological Consultant, Hull HU5 3SF, UK.
| | - Michael Elliott
- Department of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK; International Estuarine & Coastal Specialists Ltd., Leven HU17 5LQ, UK.
| | - Daniel A Wunderlin
- ICYTAC: Institute of Food Science and Technology Córdoba, CONICET and Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Faculty, National University of Cordoba, University Campus, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Magdalena V Monferrán
- ICYTAC: Institute of Food Science and Technology Córdoba, CONICET and Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Faculty, National University of Cordoba, University Campus, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Marisa N Fernandes
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Souza IC, Morozesk M, Azevedo VC, Mendes VAS, Duarte ID, Rocha LD, Matsumoto ST, Elliott M, Baroni MV, Wunderlin DA, Monferrán MV, Fernandes MN. Trophic transfer of emerging metallic contaminants in a neotropical mangrove ecosystem food web. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 408:124424. [PMID: 33183835 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Emerging metallic contaminants (EMCs) are of concern due their presence in aquatic ecosystems and the lack of environmental regulations in several countries. This study verifies the presence of EMCs in two neotropical mangrove estuarine ecosystems (Espírito Santo Brazil) by evaluating abiotic and biotic matrices across six trophic levels (plankton, oyster, shrimp, mangrove trees, crabs and fish) and hence interrogates the trophic transfer of these elements and their possible input sources. Using the oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae as a biomonitor, ten EMCs (Bi, Ce, La, Nb, Sn, Ta, Ti, W, Y and Zr) were determined. Bi input was from iron export and pelletizing industries; Ce, La and Y inputs were mainly associated with solid waste from steel production, while Zr, Nb and Ti were related to atmospheric particulate matter emissions. EMCs were detected at various trophic levels, showing biomagnification for most of them in the Santa Cruz estuary but biodilution in Vitória Bay. These contrasting results between the estuaries could be attributed to different pollution degrees, needing further research to be fully understood. This is the first report demonstrating EMCs trophic pathways in situ, constituting an essential baseline for future research and safety regulations involving EMCs in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara C Souza
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (DCF/UFSCar), Ave. Washington Luiz, km 235, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Morozesk
- Instituto de Ciências Puras e Aplicadas, Universidade Federal de Itajubá (ICPA/UNIFEI), Irmã Ivone Drumond St., 200, Distrito Industrial II, 35903-087 Itabira, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vinicius C Azevedo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Vitor A S Mendes
- Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (DEMa/UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil Ave. Washington Luiz, km 235, São Carlos, 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ian D Duarte
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (DBV/UFES), Ave. Fernando Ferrari, 514, 29075-910, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Livia D Rocha
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (DBV/UFES), Ave. Fernando Ferrari, 514, 29075-910, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Silvia T Matsumoto
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (DBV/UFES), Ave. Fernando Ferrari, 514, 29075-910, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Michael Elliott
- Department of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX UK; International Estuarine & Coastal Specialists Ltd. Leven HU17 5LQ, UK
| | - María V Baroni
- ICYTAC: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba, CONICET and Departmento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Bv. Medina Allende s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Daniel A Wunderlin
- ICYTAC: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba, CONICET and Departmento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Bv. Medina Allende s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Magdalena V Monferrán
- ICYTAC: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba, CONICET and Departmento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Bv. Medina Allende s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marisa N Fernandes
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (DCF/UFSCar), Ave. Washington Luiz, km 235, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Chowdhury A, Naz A, Maiti SK. Bioaccumulation of potentially toxic elements in three mangrove species and human health risk due to their ethnobotanical uses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10.1007/s11356-021-12566-w. [PMID: 33638081 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12566-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess probabilistic human health risk due to ethnobotanical usage of Avicennia officinalis, Porteresia coarctata and Acanthus ilicifolius. The study was conducted at the tannery outfall near Sundarban (Ramsar wetland, India) mangrove ecosystem affected by potentially toxic elements (Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn). Total metal concentrations (mg kg-1) were considerably higher in the polluted rhizosphere namely, Cd (1.05-1.97), Cu (36.3-38.6), Cr (144-184), Hg (0.04-0.19), Mn (163-184), Ni (37.7-46.4), Pb (20-36.6), and Zn (97-104). Ecological risk index indicated low to moderate ecological risk in this site, whereas the ecological risk factor showed high potential ecological risk due to Cd pollution. BCR Sequential extraction of metals showed more exchangeable fraction of Cd (47-55%), Cr (9-13%), Hg (11-13%), and Pb (11-15%), at the polluted site. Mercury, though present in trace amount in sediment, showed the highest bioaccumulation in all the three plants. Among the toxic trio, Hg showed the highest bioaccumulation in A. officinalis, Cd in P. coarctata but Pb has the lowest bioaccumulation potential in all the three species. Occasional fruit consumption of A. officinalis and dermal application of leaf, bark of A. officinalis (antimicrobial), A. ilicifolius (anti-inflammatory, pain reliever when applied on wounds) indicated negligible human health risk. However, long-term consumption of P. coarctata (wild rice variety) seeds posed health risk (THQ>1) both in adults and children age groups. This study concludes that nature of ethnobotanical use and metal contamination levels of the mangrove rhizosphere can impact human health. The transfer process of potentially toxic elements from rhizosphere to plants to human body should be considered while planing pollution mitigation measures. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhiroop Chowdhury
- School of Environment & Sustainability, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana, 131001, India.
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India.
| | - Aliya Naz
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
| | - Subodh Kumar Maiti
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
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10
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Celis-Hernandez O, Giron-Garcia MP, Ontiveros-Cuadras JF, Canales-Delgadillo JC, Pérez-Ceballos RY, Ward RD, Acevedo-Gonzales O, Armstrong-Altrin JS, Merino-Ibarra M. Environmental risk of trace elements in mangrove ecosystems: An assessment of natural vs oil and urban inputs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 730:138643. [PMID: 32402958 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The petrochemical industry and urban activities are widely recognized worldwide as a source of pollution to mangrove environments. They can supply pollutants such as trace elements that can modify the ecosystem structure and associated services, as well as human populations. Through geochemical data, multivariate statistical analysis and pollution indices such as the enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), adverse effect index (AEI) and the pollution load index (PLI), we evaluated the factors that control trace element distribution, punctual sources and determined the pollution level of sediments and their potential biological impact in the mangrove ecosystem of Isla del Carmen, Mexico. The factor and cluster analysis highlighted that the distribution of trace elements is influenced by the mineralogy, texture as well as urban derived sources. The pollution indices showed values in the punctual sources from the urban area of EF > 10, Igeo > 3, AEI > 3, PLI > 1 by Cu, Zn and Pb. Finally, the results revealed that mangroves from Isla del Carmen has a major influence from urban activities and natural sources rather than oil industry and also indicate a degraded environment as a result of anthropogenic activities that could have knock-on effect for human health if polluted marine organisms derived from the urban mangroves are consumed. CAPSULE ABSTRACT: Surface sediments show the influence of point sources on selected trace element concentrations correlated with human activities within the mangroves of Isla del Carmen, Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Celis-Hernandez
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estación el Carmen, Campeche, 24157 Ciudad del Carmen, Mexico; Dirección de Cátedras CONACYT, Av. Insurgentes Sur 1582, Alcaldía Benito Juárez, 03940 Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Maria Patricia Giron-Garcia
- Laboratorio de Fluorescencia de Rayos X. LANGEM, Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jorge Feliciano Ontiveros-Cuadras
- Unidad Académica de Procesos Oceánicos y Costeros, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México
| | - Julio César Canales-Delgadillo
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estación el Carmen, Campeche, 24157 Ciudad del Carmen, Mexico; Dirección de Cátedras CONACYT, Av. Insurgentes Sur 1582, Alcaldía Benito Juárez, 03940 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rosela Yazmin Pérez-Ceballos
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estación el Carmen, Campeche, 24157 Ciudad del Carmen, Mexico; Dirección de Cátedras CONACYT, Av. Insurgentes Sur 1582, Alcaldía Benito Juárez, 03940 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Raymond D Ward
- Centre for Aquatic Environments, University of Brighton, Cockcroft Building, Moulsecoomb, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom; Institute of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Odedt Acevedo-Gonzales
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estación el Carmen, Campeche, 24157 Ciudad del Carmen, Mexico
| | - John S Armstrong-Altrin
- Unidad Académica de Procesos Oceánicos y Costeros, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México
| | - Martin Merino-Ibarra
- Unidad Academica de Ecología y Biodiversidad Acuática, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México
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11
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Bourgeois C, Alfaro AC, Bisson E, Alcius S, Marchand C. Trace metal dynamics in soils and plants along intertidal gradients in semi-arid mangroves (New Caledonia). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 156:111274. [PMID: 32510413 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Trace metal dynamics were investigated in mangroves developing in semi-arid New Caledonia, where Avicennia and Rhizophora stands grow in the upper and lower intertidal zone, respectively. We collected soil samples and mangrove tissues in an undisturbed site, a mining-influenced site and in a mining and aquaculture-influenced site. Differences in duration of immersion and organic matter (OM) cycling resulted in a sharp decrease of metal concentrations in soils and plants from landside to seaside. Both species were tolerant to metals mainly via exclusion, (i.e. metal bioaccumulation restricted to roots and leaf litter). Strong correlations (p < 0.05) were found between Na and Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in green and senesced leaves of Avicennia marina, indicating a possible role of those metals in mechanisms to cope with hypersaline conditions. Increasing metal pollution, aridity and sea-level rise are likely to result in a decrease in mangrove efficiency in filtering trace metals seaward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Bourgeois
- Auckland University of Technology (AUT): Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; IMPMC, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UPMC, CNRS, MNHN, Noumea, New Caledonia, France
| | - Andrea C Alfaro
- Auckland University of Technology (AUT): Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Estelle Bisson
- IMPMC, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UPMC, CNRS, MNHN, Noumea, New Caledonia, France
| | - Steevensen Alcius
- IMPMC, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UPMC, CNRS, MNHN, Noumea, New Caledonia, France
| | - Cyril Marchand
- IMPMC, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UPMC, CNRS, MNHN, Noumea, New Caledonia, France; ISEA, University of New Caledonia BP R4, 98851 Noumea, New Caledonia
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12
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Torasa S, Boonyarat P, Phongdara A, Buapet P. Tolerance Mechanisms to Copper and Zinc Excess in Rhizophora mucronata Lam. Seedlings Involve Cell Wall Sequestration and Limited Translocation. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 102:573-580. [PMID: 30868179 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-019-02589-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Rhizophora mucronata is a common mangrove growing in habitats subjected to heavy metal (HM) contamination. Understanding their physiological responses to copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) excess and underlying tolerance mechanisms is crucial to assess impacts of metal pollution on mangrove community. Seedlings were treated with Cu or Zn (0, 50 or 100 mg per plant) by means of a single addition. At day 3 and 7, Cu and Zn accumulation, photosynthetic efficiency, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activity, non-protein thiols, reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation in roots and leaves were measured. R. mucronata restricted Cu and Zn translocation, thus accumulated HM mainly in roots while kept the leaves unaffected. However, high root HM did not induce oxidative stress nor anti-oxidative defense as HM were largely deposited in cell wall. We concluded that HM tolerance strategies of R. mucronata seedlings are exclusion and restriction of translocation to the vital photosynthetic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supakson Torasa
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
- Coastal Oceanography and Climate Change Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Pimpakan Boonyarat
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Amornrat Phongdara
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Pimchanok Buapet
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
- Coastal Oceanography and Climate Change Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
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13
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Souza IDC, Arrivabene HP, Craig CA, Midwood AJ, Thornton B, Matsumoto ST, Elliott M, Wunderlin DA, Monferrán MV, Fernandes MN. Interrogating pollution sources in a mangrove food web using multiple stable isotopes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 640-641:501-511. [PMID: 29864664 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities including metal contamination create well-known problems in coastal mangrove ecosystems but understanding and linking specific pollution sources to distinct trophic levels within these environments is challenging. This study evaluated anthropogenic impacts on two contrasting mangrove food webs, by using stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N, 87Sr/86Sr, 206Pb/207Pb and 208Pb/207Pb) measured in sediments, mangrove trees (Rhizophora mangle, Laguncularia racemosa, Avicennia schaueriana), plankton, shrimps (Macrobranchium sp.), crabs (Aratus sp.), oysters (Crassostrea rhizophorae) and fish (Centropomus parallelus) from both areas. Strontium and Pb isotopes were also analysed in water and atmospheric particulate matter (PM). δ15N indicated that crab, shrimp and oyster are at intermediate levels within the local food web and fish, in this case C. parallelus, was confirmed at the highest trophic level. δ15N also indicates different anthropogenic pressures between both estuaries; Vitória Bay, close to intensive human activities, showed higher δ15N across the food web, apparently influenced by sewage. The ratio87Sr/86Sr showed the primary influence of marine water throughout the entire food web. Pb isotope ratios suggest that PM is primarily influenced by metallurgical activities, with some secondary influence on mangrove plants and crabs sampled in the area adjacent to the smelting works. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the effect of anthropogenic pollution (probable sewage pollution) on the isotopic fingerprint of estuarine-mangrove systems located close to a city compared to less impacted estuarine mangroves. The influence of industrial metallurgical activity detected using Pb isotopic analysis of PM and mangrove plants close to such an impacted area is also notable and illustrates the value of isotopic analysis in tracing the impact and species affected by atmospheric pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara da C Souza
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, PO box 676, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hiulana P Arrivabene
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Departamento de Botânica, 18618-970, P.O. Box 510, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carol-Ann Craig
- James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, Scotland, UK
| | - Andrew J Midwood
- James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, Scotland, UK
| | - Barry Thornton
- James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, Scotland, UK
| | - Silvia T Matsumoto
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, 29075-910 Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Michael Elliott
- University of Hull, Institute of Estuarine & Coastal Studies (IECS), Hull HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Daniel A Wunderlin
- CONICET and Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Cdad. Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Magdalena V Monferrán
- CONICET and Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Cdad. Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marisa N Fernandes
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, PO box 676, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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14
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Souza IDC, Morozesk M, Bonomo MM, Azevedo VC, Sakuragui MM, Elliott M, Matsumoto ST, Wunderlin DA, Baroni MV, Monferrán MV, Fernandes MN. Differential biochemical responses to metal/metalloid accumulation in organs of an edible fish (Centropomus parallelus) from Neotropical estuaries. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 161:260-269. [PMID: 29886313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metal/metalloid accumulation in fish organs elicits biochemical responses indicating the overall fish and environmental health status. This study evaluated the bioaccumulation of metals and metalloid in relation to a suite of biochemical biomarkers (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, Na+/K+-ATPase, H+-ATPase, acetylcholinesterase activities and the levels of glutathione, metallothionein, lipid peroxidation and oxidized protein) in different organs of fish, Centropomus parallelus, in Vitória Bay and Santa Cruz estuaries (State of Espírito Santo, Brazil) with distinct contamination levels. Metal and metalloid concentrations differ in each organ and were significantly higher in winter than in summer. Chemometric evaluation performed between metal/metalloid accumulation and the biomarkers revealed a complex scenario in which the biomarker responses depend on both metal accumulation and organ/tissue sensitivity. The metal levels in gills indicate fish contamination mainly via water and the low sensitivity of this organ to most metals. Biomarker responses suggested that the metal elimination pathway is through the gills and kidney. The hepatopancreas and kidneys were the most important detoxification organs while muscle was the less reactive tissue. In general, the finding suggested that, C. parallelus is partly able to tolerate such metal contamination. However, it is emphasized that the biomarker responses imply an energetic cost and may affect the growth rate and reproduction. Given the ecological and economic importance of C. parallelus, the level of toxic metals/metalloids in juvenile fish is an important early-warning for the maintenance, conservation and commercial use of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara da C Souza
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Rod. Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Estuarine & Coastal Studies (IECS), University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK.
| | - Mariana Morozesk
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Rod. Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina M Bonomo
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Rod. Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vinicius C Azevedo
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Rod. Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marise M Sakuragui
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Rod. Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michael Elliott
- Institute of Estuarine & Coastal Studies (IECS), University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Silvia T Matsumoto
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Ave. Fernando Ferrari, 514, 29075-100 Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Daniel A Wunderlin
- ICYTAC: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos Córdoba; CONICET and Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María V Baroni
- ICYTAC: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos Córdoba; CONICET and Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Magdalena V Monferrán
- ICYTAC: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos Córdoba; CONICET and Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marisa N Fernandes
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Rod. Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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15
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Garcia JS, Dalmolin ÂC, Cortez PA, Barbeira PS, Mangabeira PAO, França MGC. Short-term cadmium exposure induces gas exchanges, morphological and ultrastructural disturbances in mangrove Avicennia schaueriana young plants. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 131:122-129. [PMID: 29886928 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mangroves have been subject to more metal contamination, including cadmium (Cd). This study evaluated if a relatively short Cd exposure may induce metabolic, morphological and ultrastructural cell disturbance in Avicennia schaueriana. Cd induced evident constraints to seedlings since there was reduction in leaf gas exchanges and the plants did not survive for more than 10 days at a higher Cd exposure in controlled conditions. The highest Cd accumulation was observed in roots and gradually less in stem and leaves. Cadmium induced lignin deposition was observed in xylem cells of all vegetative organs. Intense sclerification in xylem cells, endoderm and change in the hypoderm organization were also detected. Cadmium clearly induced chloroplast deformities with ruptures of its membranes, thylakoids and core and provoked cytoplasm disorganization. These metal constraints under natural conditions for long term can lead to the accumulation of cellular and metabolic damages and jeopardize seedlings establishment and local biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina S Garcia
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627 Av. Antônio Carlos, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Ândrea C Dalmolin
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Priscila A Cortez
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo S Barbeira
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Pedro A O Mangabeira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Brazil.
| | - Marcel G C França
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627 Av. Antônio Carlos, 31270-901, Brazil.
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16
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Pittarello M, Busato JG, Carletti P, Zanetti LV, da Silva J, Dobbss LB. Effects of different humic substances concentrations on root anatomy and Cd accumulation in seedlings of Avicennia germinans (black mangrove). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 130:113-122. [PMID: 29866537 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mangrove areas are among most threatened tropical ecosystems worldwide. Among polluting agents Cadmium is often found in high concentrations in mangrove sediments. Humic substances, complex biomolecules formed in soil and sediments during animal and plant residuals decomposition, have a known biostimulant activity and can be adopted to counteract various plant stresses. This study explores, in controlled conditions, the effect of humic substances on Avicennia germinans seedlings, with or without cadmium contamination. Humic compounds significantly changed plant root architecture, and, when coupled with cadmium, root anatomy and Cortex to Vascular Cylinder diameter ratio. These modifications led to lower Cd uptake by humic substances-treated plants. Humic substances amendment could be effective, depending on their concentrations, on improving plant health in mangrove areas, for forest recuperation and/or dredged sediments phytoremediation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Pittarello
- University of Vila Velha, Ecology of organic matter laboratory, Biopraticas Compound, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Jader Galba Busato
- University of Brasilia, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Sciences Central Institute, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Paolo Carletti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Leonardo Valandro Zanetti
- Federal University of Espirito Santo, Biological sciences Department, Botany Sector, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Juscimar da Silva
- Embrapa Hortaliças, Rodovia BR-060, Km 09, Fazenda Tamanduà, CEP70351-970 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Barros Dobbss
- Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Unaí, MG, Brazil
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17
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Pittarello M, Busato JG, Carletti P, Dobbss LB. Possible developments for ex situ phytoremediation of contaminated sediments, in tropical and subtropical regions - Review. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 182:707-719. [PMID: 28531837 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The growing problem of remediation of contaminated sediments dredged from harbor channels needs to be resolved by a cost effective and sustainable technology. Phytoremediation, by ex situ remediation plants, seems to have the potential to replace traditional methods in case of moderately contaminated sediments. On the other side, the need to mix sediments with soil and/or sand to allow an easier establishment of most employed species causes an increase of the volume of the processed substrate up to 30%. Moreover the majority of phytoremediating species are natives of temperate climate belt. Mangroves, with a special focus on the genus Avicennia - a salt secreting species - should represent an effective alternative in terms of adaptation to salty, anoxic sediments and an opportunity to develop ex situ phytoremediation plants in tropical and subtropical regions. The use of humic acid to increase root development, cell antioxidant activity and the potential attenuation of the "heavy metals exclusion strategy" to increase phytoextraction potentials of mangroves will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Pittarello
- University of Vila Velha, Ecology of Organic Matter Laboratory, Biopraticas Compound, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Jader Galba Busato
- University of Brasilia, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Sciences Central Institute, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Paolo Carletti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Leonardo Barros Dobbss
- Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Unaí, MG, Brazil
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18
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Banci KRDS, Mori GM, Oliveira MAD, Paganelli FL, Pereira MR, Pinheiro MAA. Can environmental pollution by metals change genetic diversity? Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) as a study case in Southeastern Brazilian mangroves. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 116:440-447. [PMID: 28129923 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Industrial areas on estuarine systems are commonly affected by heavy metals, affecting all local biota. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to evaluate genetic diversity of Ucides cordatus at mangroves in southeastern Brazil (Juréia, J; São Vicente, SV; and Cubatão, C), with distinct pollution levels by metals. The genetic diversity of this species was compared with concentrations of metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr and Hg) in the environment. A pollution gradient was confirmed (SV>C>J), with low levels detected in water, except for mercury in SV. All metals in the sediment samples were below Threshold Effect Level (TEL), without an apparent biological risk to the biota. Genetic distance was very similar between J and C, with SV occurring as an out-group. RAPD was a powerful tool to investigate the effect of metal pollution on genetic diversity of this mangrove crab, and to evaluate the conservation status of the mangrove ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gustavo Maruyama Mori
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências (IB), Campus do Litoral Paulista (CLP) - Pç. Infante Dom Henrique, s/n° - Parque Bitaru, 11330-900 São Vicente (SP), Brazil
| | - Marcos Antonio de Oliveira
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências (IB), Campus do Litoral Paulista (CLP) - Pç. Infante Dom Henrique, s/n° - Parque Bitaru, 11330-900 São Vicente (SP), Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Antonio Amaro Pinheiro
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências (IB), Campus do Litoral Paulista (CLP) - Pç. Infante Dom Henrique, s/n° - Parque Bitaru, 11330-900 São Vicente (SP), Brazil; Grupo de Pesquisa em Biologia de Crustáceos (CRUSTA), Brazil.
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19
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Kaewtubtim P, Meeinkuirt W, Seepom S, Pichtel J. Occurrence of heavy metals and radionuclides in sediments and seawater in mangrove ecosystems in Pattani Bay, Thailand. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:7630-7639. [PMID: 28124263 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8266-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Mangrove ecosystems in Pattani Bay, Thailand are considered representatives for monitoring the occurrence of anthropogenic and natural pollution due to metal and radionuclide contamination. Sediments and seawater were collected from five locations to determine metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn, and Pb) and radionuclide (226Ra, 232Th, and 40K) concentrations. Spatial variations in metal and radionuclide concentrations were determined among the sampling sites. A geoaccumulation index (I geo ) and enrichment factor (EF) were used to classify the impacts of metals from anthropogenic point sources. Significant values for I geo and EF were measured for Pb in site 4 (I geo 0.65; EF 28.2) and Cd in site 1 (I geo 1.48; EF 46.2). EF values in almost all sampling sites were >1 which indicates anthropogenic pollution. To assess the potential public hazard of radioactivity, the average radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the external hazard index (H ex), the internal hazard index (H in), the absorbed dose rate in air (D), and the annual effective outdoor dose rate (E) were determined. Based on these measurements, it is concluded that the probability of human health risk from radionuclides is low. However, the absorbed dose in air (D) values in sites 4 and 5 were greater than the global average value of 55 nGy h-1, indicating that sediments in these locations pose a radiological hazard. The data obtained in this study provides useful information on metal and radionuclide background levels in mangrove sediments and seawater, and can be applied toward human health risk assessment and metal and radionuclide mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pungtip Kaewtubtim
- Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, Pattani, 94000, Thailand
| | | | - Sumalee Seepom
- Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, Pattani, 94000, Thailand
| | - John Pichtel
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, 47306, USA
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Rodríguez-Iruretagoiena A, Chowdhury R, Gredilla A, deVallejuelo SFO, de Diego A, Sarkar SK, Arana G, Madariaga JM, Venkatachalam P. Uptake and Distribution of Trace Elements in Dominant Mangrove Plants of the Indian Sundarban Wetland. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 97:721-727. [PMID: 27650375 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-016-1919-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Absorption, accumulation and translocation of 12 trace elements in nine dominant mangrove plants in the Indian Sundarban Wetland revealed both organ-specific and site-specific characteristics. An overall enrichment of elements was recorded in rhizosediment, exceeding the prescribed effects range-low (ER-L) of consensus based sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) for Cu and Pb. Avicennia officinalis, A. alba, Ceriops decandra and Excoecaria agallocha exhibited unique potential for accumulating Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Mn and Zn and could be considered efficient accumulators. Maximum element accumulation in trunk bark (As 6.16, Cr 49.9, Co 2.67, Cu 91.00 and Zn 85.5 mg kg-1) and root/pneumatophore (Al 1000 and Fe 2430 mg kg-1) was recorded. Maximum bioconcentration factor (6.23) in A. officinalis and translocation factor (17.5 for Mn) in C. decandra distinguished their phytoremediation capacity. These halophytes could be used for trace element phytoremediation in stressed sites of Sundarban.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azibar Rodríguez-Iruretagoiena
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ranju Chowdhury
- Department of Marine Science, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Calcutta, 700019, India
| | - Ainara Gredilla
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Silvia Fdez-Ortiz deVallejuelo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Alberto de Diego
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Santosh Kumar Sarkar
- Department of Marine Science, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Calcutta, 700019, India.
| | - Gorka Arana
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Madariaga
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
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21
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Marchand C, Fernandez JM, Moreton B. Trace metal geochemistry in mangrove sediments and their transfer to mangrove plants (New Caledonia). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 562:216-227. [PMID: 27100002 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Because of their physico-chemical inherent properties, mangrove sediments may act as a sink for pollutants coming from catchments. The main objective of this study was to assess the distribution of some trace metals in the tissues of various mangrove plants developing downstream highly weathered ferralsols, taking into account metals partitioning in the sediment. In New Caledonia, mangroves act as a buffer between open-cast mines and the world's largest lagoon. As a result of the erosion of lateritic soils, Ni and Fe concentrations in the sediment were substantially higher than the world average. Whatever the mangrove stand and despite low bioaccumulation and translocations factors, Fe and Ni were also the most abundant metals in the different plant tissues. This low bioaccumulation may be explained by: i) the low availability of metals, which were mainly present in the form of oxides or sulfur minerals, and ii) the root systems acting as barriers towards the transfer of metals to the plant. Conversely, Cu and Zn metals had a greater mobility in the plant, and were characterized by high bioconcentration and translocation factors compared to the other metals. Cu and Zn were also more mobile in the sediment as a result of their association with organic matter. Whatever the metal, a strong decrease of trace metal stock was observed from the landside to the seaside of the mangrove, probably as a result of the increased reactivity of the sediment due to OM enrichment. This reactivity lead to higher dissolution of bearing phases, and thus to the export of dissolved trace metals trough the tidal action. Cu and Zn were the less concerned by the phenomenon probably as a result of higher plant uptake and their restitution to the sediment with litter fall in stands where tidal flushing is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Marchand
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UR 206/UMR 7590 IMPMC, 98848 Nouméa, New Caledonia, France.
| | - J-M Fernandez
- AEL/LEA, 7 rue Loriot de Rouvray, 98800 Nouméa, New Caledonia, France
| | - B Moreton
- AEL/LEA, 7 rue Loriot de Rouvray, 98800 Nouméa, New Caledonia, France
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Arrivabene HP, Campos CQ, Souza IDC, Wunderlin DA, Milanez CRD, Machado SR. Differential bioaccumulation and translocation patterns in three mangrove plants experimentally exposed to iron. Consequences for environmental sensing. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 215:302-313. [PMID: 27213571 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Avicennia schaueriana, Laguncularia racemosa and Rhizophora mangle were experimentally exposed to increasing levels of iron (0, 10, 20 and 100 mg L(-1) added Fe(II) in Hoagland's nutritive medium). The uptake and translocation of iron from roots to stems and leaves, Fe-secretion through salt glands (Avicennia schaueriana and Laguncularia racemosa) as well as anatomical and histochemical changes in plant tissues were evaluated. The main goal of this work was to assess the diverse capacity of these plants to detect mangroves at risk in an area affected by iron pollution (Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil). Results show that plants have differential patterns with respect to bioaccumulation, translocation and secretion of iron through salt glands. L. racemosa showed the best environmental sensing capacity since the bioaccumulation of iron in both Fe-plaque and roots was higher and increased as the amount of added-iron rose. Fewer changes in translocation factors throughout increasing added-iron were observed in this species. Furthermore, the amount of iron secreted through salt glands of L. racemosa was strongly inhibited when exposed to added-iron. Among three studied species, A. schaueriana showed the highest levels of iron in stems and leaves. On the other hand, Rhizophora mangle presented low values of iron in these compartments. Even so, there was a significant drop in the translocation factor between aerial parts with respect to roots, since the bioaccumulation in plaque and roots of R. mangle increased as iron concentration rose. Moreover, rhizophores of R. mangle did not show changes in bioaccumulation throughout the studied concentrations. So far, we propose L. racemosa as the best species for monitoring iron pollution in affected mangroves areas. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed report on the response of these plants to increasing iron concentration under controlled conditions, complementing existing data on the behavior of the same plants under field exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiulana Pereira Arrivabene
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Departamento de Botânica, 18618-970, P.O. Box 510, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline Quenupe Campos
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, 29075-910, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Iara da Costa Souza
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Alberto Wunderlin
- ICYTAC, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba, CONICET and Dpto. Qca. Orgánica, Fac. Cs. Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Camilla Rozindo Dias Milanez
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, 29075-910, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Rodrigues Machado
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Departamento de Botânica, 18618-970, P.O. Box 510, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
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23
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Pereira TDS, Moreira ÍTA, de Oliveira OMC, Rios MC, Filho WACS, de Almeida M, de Carvalho GC. Distribution and ecotoxicology of bioavailable metals and As in surface sediments of Paraguaçu estuary, Todos os Santos Bay, Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 99:166-177. [PMID: 26194406 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Surface sediments collected in the intertidal zone of Paraguaçu estuary in July, 2013, were analyzed for organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, grain size fractions and partial concentrations of 16 metals. The USEPA 3051A method and ICP-OES and CV-AAS techniques were chosen to metal analysis. Pollution indices (EF, Igeo and PIN) and a comparison with sediment quality guidelines (UET, ERL, ERM, TEL and PEL of NOAA) were conducted in order to evaluate the potential metal impacts over the area. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation results showed the importance of organic matter content and the fine-grained fraction of sediments on the control of the bioavailable metals distribution. The Paraguaçu estuary already has anthropogenic enrichment relative to the background level, especially for Mn, whose values exceeded almost 30 times the background at one site (Mn: 1197.30 mg kg(-1)). However, metal levels are still below the reference values with the exception of Hg at one site (Hg: 0.25 mg kg(-1), exceeded TEL and ERL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Taís de S Pereira
- Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Ícaro T A Moreira
- Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Mestrado em Energia, Escola de Engenharia e TI, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Olívia M C de Oliveira
- Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Instituto de Geociências, Departamento de Geofísica Aplicada, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Mariana C Rios
- Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Wilton A C S Filho
- Laboratório de Estudos dos Oceanos e Clima, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Carreiros, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcos de Almeida
- Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Gilson Correia de Carvalho
- Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil
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