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Cadiou JF, Gerigny O, Koren Š, Zeri C, Kaberi H, Alomar C, Panti C, Fossi MC, Adamopoulou A, Digka N, Deudero S, Concato M, Carbonell A, Baini M, Galli M, Galgani F. Lessons learned from an intercalibration exercise on the quantification and characterisation of microplastic particles in sediment and water samples. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 154:111097. [PMID: 32319923 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An intercalibration exercise on the characterisation of microplastics in marine sediment and water samples was carried out among five laboratories involved in the implementation of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) in their country. The samples were prepared by mixing cleaned natural sediment and sea water with microplastics sets made of particles of various polymers, shapes and colours. Overall, the errors on total counts were under 25% in absolute value. The risk of non-detection and loss of particles is greater than the risk of contamination during sample analysis. Significant differences are observed among particle types. It appears difficult to obtain reliable and comparable data on the colour of microplastics. A comparison of the errors with regards to the protocols used led to recommend NaCl [1.2 g/cm3] density separation for sediment and one filtering step (200 μm). The operators' experience appears as a key factor for the quality of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-F Cadiou
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (Ifremer), Zone Portuaire de Bregaillon CS 20 330, La Seyne-sur-Mer 83507, France.
| | - O Gerigny
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (Ifremer), Zone Portuaire de Bregaillon CS 20 330, La Seyne-sur-Mer 83507, France
| | - Š Koren
- Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia (IWRS), Dunajska cesta 156, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - C Zeri
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Institute of Oceanography, 19013 Anavyssos, Attica, Greece
| | - H Kaberi
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Institute of Oceanography, 19013 Anavyssos, Attica, Greece
| | - C Alomar
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - C Panti
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - M C Fossi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - A Adamopoulou
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Institute of Oceanography, 19013 Anavyssos, Attica, Greece
| | - N Digka
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Institute of Oceanography, 19013 Anavyssos, Attica, Greece
| | - S Deudero
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - M Concato
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - A Carbonell
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - M Baini
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - M Galli
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - F Galgani
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (Ifremer), Zone Portuaire de Bregaillon CS 20 330, La Seyne-sur-Mer 83507, France
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Poursanidis D, Kalogirou S, Azzurro E, Parravicini V, Bariche M, Zu Dohna H. Habitat suitability, niche unfilling and the potential spread of Pterois miles in the Mediterranean Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 154:111054. [PMID: 32319894 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The common lionfish Pterois miles has rapidly spread across the eastern Mediterranean Sea. We compiled occurrence data from both native and invaded range under the framework of Species Distribution Modelling (SDM). Through a construction of an environmental suitability model and estimation of spread rates we investigated the lionfish climate niche in both its native and invaded domains, this latter represented by the Mediterranean region. Model projections allowed to identify suitable areas for lionfish establishment in the Mediterranean. Spread analysis suggested that a further geographical expansion in this basin could be completed within the next years. Our results did not provide evidence for niche expansion but highlighted a high degree of niche unfilling thus prospecting a likely spread of Mediterranean lionfish invasion beyond the predictions of current SDMs. These findings provide novel inputs to forecast the future geographical evolution of the lionfish in the Mediterranean Sea and asses the related risk of invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Poursanidis
- Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, N. Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Stefanos Kalogirou
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Hydrobiological Station of Rhodes, 85100 Rhodes, Greece
| | - Ernesto Azzurro
- Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Sts Livorno, Piazzale dei Marmi 2, 57123 Livorno, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Naples, Italy
| | - Valeriano Parravicini
- CRIOBE, USR 3278 CNRS-EPHE-UPVD, Labex 'Corail', University of Perpignan, 66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Michel Bariche
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, 11-0236 Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Heinrich Zu Dohna
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, 11-0236 Beirut, Lebanon
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Toward the Required Detection Limits for Volatile Organic Constituents in Marine Environments with Infrared Evanescent Field Chemical Sensors. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19173644. [PMID: 31438601 PMCID: PMC6749396 DOI: 10.3390/s19173644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A portable sensor system for the simultaneous detection of multiple environmentally relevant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in real seawater based on Fourier transform infrared fiber-optic evanescent wave spectroscopy (FT-IR-FEWS) was developed. A cylindrical silver halide (AgX) fiber with an ethylene/propylene copolymer (E/P-co) coated flattened segment was used as an active optical transducer. The polymer membrane enriches the hydrophobic analytes, while water is effectively excluded from the penetration depth of the evanescent field. Determination of multicomponent mixtures (i.e., 10 VOCs in real-world seawater samples) collected in Arcachon Bay, France revealed a high accuracy and reproducibility with detection limits down to 560 ppb. The measurement showed no significant influence from changing water conditions (e.g., salinity, turbidity, and temperature or other interfering substances). The time constants for 90% saturation of the polymer ranged from 20 to 60 min. The sensor system is capable of being transported for on-site monitoring of environmental pollutants in aqueous matrices with efficient long-term stability, thus showing great potential to be utilized as an early warning system.
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Ribera d’Alcalà M. Similarities, differences and mechanisms of climate impact on terrestrial vs. marine ecosystems. NATURE CONSERVATION 2019. [DOI: 10.3897/natureconservation.34.30923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Comparisons between terrestrial and marine ecosystems are generally not in the main stream of scientific literature even though Webb (2012) listed several points for which the transfer of knowledge and concepts related to one or to the other system would benefit our understanding of both. Even sharing this view, the leading hypothesis behind this contribution is that the pelagic system, where the dominant biotic component by number and biomass is microscopic, has specific features which strongly differentiate it from the above-the-surface terrestrial systems. Due to this, climate change, i.e. changes in temperature, precipitation and most importantly in the dynamics of the two fluid media, atmosphere and ocean, act with different mechanisms which prevents proceeding with analogies in many cases. In addition, the non-linearity of most of the processes and responses to perturbations requires, in order to obtain reliable forecasts or hindcasts, a detailed analysis of the path followed by the system which is normally overlooked in the step-change simulations or projections.
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Lopes-Rocha M, Langone L, Miserocchi S, Giordano P, Guerra R. Spatial patterns and temporal trends of trace metal mass budgets in the western Adriatic sediments (Mediterranean Sea). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 599-600:1022-1033. [PMID: 28505883 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Spatial patterns of major (Al, Fe and Ti) and trace metals (Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) measured in surficial sediments collected within the Late-Holocene mud-wedge in the western Adriatic Sea were analyzed to elucidate their sources, transport and mass budgets. Distributions of sedimentary trace metals, their fluvial inputs and accumulation loads reveal along-shore transport towards the southern Adriatic. Pb and to a lower extent Zn accumulation loads over time decreased significantly since 1988 in the North Adriatic, consistently with the implementation of regulations in the Western Europe, whereas Zn accumulation in the Po River prodelta remained unchanged since 1995. The Po River fluvial inputs accounted for half of Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn of the fluvial inputs into the western Adriatic Sea, contributing for the delivery of important amounts of Cr and Ni into the sediments, probably related to the natural occurrence of ultramafic rocks in the North sector. Collectively, ~30% of trace metal fluvial inputs discharged into the North sector are exported to the Central and South sectors. The Po River acts as both a bypass and an accumulation zone. In contrast, trace metal accumulation in the Central sector far exceed trace metal fluvial inputs, which suggested that this area is a preferential sink for particle-reactive river-borne material from the North Adriatic. The North sector shows moderate enrichment of Zn and Pb mainly related to the Po River influence. The anthropogenic fraction of Pb shows a large drop of ~30% from the North sector southwards, whereas Zn proportions remain fairly the same up to the Central sector only decreasing in the South sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilia Lopes-Rocha
- Departamento de Química-Física, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, UNESCO/UNITWIN WiCoP, Campus de Excelencia International del Mar (CEIMAR), Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain; Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali (C.I.R.S.A.), University of Bologna, Campus di Ravenna, 48123 Ravenna, Italy.
| | - Leonardo Langone
- National Research Council-Institute of Marine Sciences - (CNR-ISMAR), 40129 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Stefano Miserocchi
- National Research Council-Institute of Marine Sciences - (CNR-ISMAR), 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Giordano
- National Research Council-Institute of Marine Sciences - (CNR-ISMAR), 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Guerra
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali (C.I.R.S.A.), University of Bologna, Campus di Ravenna, 48123 Ravenna, Italy; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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Modelling plankton ecosystems in the meta-omics era. Are we ready? Mar Genomics 2017; 32:1-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Combi T, Pintado-Herrera MG, Lara-Martin PA, Miserocchi S, Langone L, Guerra R. Distribution and fate of legacy and emerging contaminants along the Adriatic Sea: A comparative study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 218:1055-1064. [PMID: 27574801 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The spatial distributions and fates of selected legacy and emerging compounds were investigated and compared in surface sediments sampled along the Adriatic mud-wedge and in deep-sea regions from the southern Adriatic basin. Results indicated that the concentrations of legacy contaminants (PAHs, PCBs and DDTs) and emerging contaminants (tonalide, galaxolide, EHMC, octocrylene, BP3 and NP) ranged from 0.1 to 572 ng g-1 and from <LOD to 40.7 ng g-1, respectively. In general, higher concentrations and estimated burdens were detected in the northern Adriatic, highlighting the importance of the Po River as the major contributor for the inputs of legacy and emerging contaminants to sediments in the Adriatic Sea. Nevertheless, the prevalence of some UV filters and fragrances in the central and southern Adriatic indicates that the proximity to tourist areas and WWTPs discharges seems to affect the distribution of those compounds. The accumulation of contaminants in the deep-sea areas supports the inference that this region may act as an important repository for contaminants within the Adriatic Sea. Estimated annual contaminant accumulation reveals that both, legacy and emerging contaminants accumulate preferentially in the northern Adriatic (40-60% of the total annual contaminant accumulation), where the presence of legacy, and to a lesser extent emerging contaminants, are likely to pose an immediate or long-term hazard to resident biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane Combi
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali (C.I.R.S.A.), University of Bologna, Campus di Ravenna, 48123 Ravenna, Italy.
| | - Marina G Pintado-Herrera
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Pablo A Lara-Martin
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Stefano Miserocchi
- Institute of Marine Sciences - National Research Council (ISMAR-CNR), 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Leonardo Langone
- Institute of Marine Sciences - National Research Council (ISMAR-CNR), 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Guerra
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali (C.I.R.S.A.), University of Bologna, Campus di Ravenna, 48123 Ravenna, Italy; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Jayasinghe RPPK, Amarasinghe US, Newton A. Evaluation of marine subareas of Europe using life history parameters and trophic levels of selected fish populations. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 112:81-90. [PMID: 26297042 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
European marine waters include four regional seas that provide valuable ecosystem services to humans, including fish and other seafood. However, these marine environments are threatened by pressures from multiple anthropogenic activities and climate change. The European Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) was adopted in 2008 to achieve good environmental status (GEnS) in European Seas by year 2020, using an Ecosystem Approach. GEnS is to be assessed using 11 descriptors and up to 56 indicators. In the present analysis two descriptors namely "commercially exploited fish and shellfish populations" and "food webs" were used to evaluate the status of subareas of FAO 27 area. Data on life history parameters, trophic levels and fisheries related data of cod, haddock, saithe, herring, plaice, whiting, hake and sprat were obtained from the FishBase online database and advisory reports of International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). Subareas inhabited by r and K strategists were identified using interrelationships of life history parameters of commercially important fish stocks. Mean trophic level (MTL) of fish community each subarea was calculated and subareas with species of high and low trophic level were identified. The Fish in Balance (FiB) index was computed for each subarea and recent trends of FiB indices were analysed. The overall environmental status of each subarea was evaluated considering life history trends, MTL and FiB Index. The analysis showed that subareas I, II, V, VIII and IX were assessed as "good" whereas subareas III, IV, VI and VII were assessed as "poor". The subareas assessed as "good" were subject to lower environmental pressures, (less fishing pressure, less eutrophication and more water circulation), while the areas with "poor" environment experienced excessive fishing pressure, eutrophication and disturbed seabed. The evaluation was based on two qualitative descriptors ("commercially exploited fish and shellfish populations" and "food webs") is therefore more robust.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Prabath K Jayasinghe
- Marine Biological Resources Division, National Aquatic Resources Research and Development Agency, Crow Island, Colombo 15, Sri Lanka; Erasmus Mundus Office, Aulario Norte, Puerto Real Campus, University of Cadiz, 11519 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Upali S Amarasinghe
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Management, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka.
| | - Alice Newton
- CIMA, Gambelas Campus, University of Algarve, Faro 8005-139, Portugal; NILU-IMPEC, Box 100, 2027 Kjeller, Norway.
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