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Montory JA, Cubillos VM, Chaparro OR, Gebauer P, Lee MR, Ramírez-Kuschel E, Paredes-Molina F, Lara-Sandoval V, Cumillaf JP, Salas-Yanquin LP, Büchner-Miranda JA. The Interactive Effects of the Anti-Sea Lice Pesticide Azamethiphos and Temperature on Oxidative Damage and Antioxidant Responses in the Oyster Ostrea chilensis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:737. [PMID: 38929176 PMCID: PMC11200689 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Azamethiphos is used in the salmon industry to treat sea lice and is subsequently discharged into the sea, which may affect non-target species (NTS). A rise in seawater temperature could enhance the sensitivity of NTS. Thus, in the present investigation, the combined effects of azamethiphos (0 µg L-1, 15 µg L-1 and 100 µg L-1) and temperature (12 °C and 15 °C) was assessed over time (7 days) in the gonads and gills of the oyster Ostrea chilensis, assessing its oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyls) and total antioxidant capacity. Our results indicated that in gonads and gills, lipid peroxidation levels increased over time during exposure to both pesticide concentrations. Protein carbonyl levels in gills increased significantly in all experimental treatments; however, in gonads, only pesticide concentration and exposure time effected a significant increase in protein damage. In both, gill and gonad temperature did not influence oxidative damage levels. Total antioxidant capacity in gonads was influenced only by temperature treatment, whereas in the gills, neither temperature nor azamethiphos concentration influenced defensive responses. In conclusion, our results indicated the time of pesticide exposure (both concentrations) had a greater influence than temperature on the cellular damage in this oyster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime A. Montory
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile; (P.G.); (M.R.L.); (V.L.-S.)
| | - Victor M. Cubillos
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (V.M.C.); (O.R.C.); (E.R.-K.); (F.P.-M.); (J.A.B.-M.)
| | - Oscar R. Chaparro
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (V.M.C.); (O.R.C.); (E.R.-K.); (F.P.-M.); (J.A.B.-M.)
| | - Paulina Gebauer
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile; (P.G.); (M.R.L.); (V.L.-S.)
| | - Matthew R. Lee
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile; (P.G.); (M.R.L.); (V.L.-S.)
| | - Eduardo Ramírez-Kuschel
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (V.M.C.); (O.R.C.); (E.R.-K.); (F.P.-M.); (J.A.B.-M.)
| | - Francisco Paredes-Molina
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (V.M.C.); (O.R.C.); (E.R.-K.); (F.P.-M.); (J.A.B.-M.)
| | - Valentina Lara-Sandoval
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile; (P.G.); (M.R.L.); (V.L.-S.)
| | - Juan P. Cumillaf
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Acuicultura, Universidad Austral de Chile, Los Pinos s/n, Balneario Pelluco, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile;
| | - Luis P. Salas-Yanquin
- Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Puerto de Abrigo s/n, Sisal 97356, Mexico;
| | - Joseline A. Büchner-Miranda
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (V.M.C.); (O.R.C.); (E.R.-K.); (F.P.-M.); (J.A.B.-M.)
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2
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Schleicherová D, Pastorino P, Pappalardo A, Nota A, Gendusa C, Mirone E, Prearo M, Santovito A. Genotoxicological and physiological effects of glyphosate and its metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid, on the freshwater invertebrate Lymnaea stagnalis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 271:106940. [PMID: 38728927 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) is the main metabolite in the degradation of glyphosate, a broad-spectrum herbicide, and it is more toxic and persistent in the environment than the glyphosate itself. Owing to their extensive use, both chemicals pose a serious risk to aquatic ecosystems. Here, we explored the genotoxicological and physiological effects of glyphosate, AMPA, and the mixed solution in the proportion 1:1 in Lymnaea stagnalis, a freshwater gastropod snail. To do this, adult individuals were exposed to increasing nominal concentrations (0.0125, 0.025, 0.050, 0.100, 0.250, 0.500 µg/mL) in all three treatments once a week for four weeks. The genotoxicological effects were estimated as genomic damage, as defined by the number of micronuclei and nuclear buds observed in hemocytes, while the physiological effects were estimated as the effects on somatic growth and egg production. Exposure to glyphosate, AMPA, and the mixed solution caused genomic damage, as measured in increased frequency of micronuclei and nuclear buds and in adverse effects on somatic growth and egg production. Our findings suggest the need for more research into the harmful and synergistic effects of glyphosate and AMPA and of pesticides and their metabolites in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dáša Schleicherová
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10124, Torino; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino.
| | - Paolo Pastorino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino.
| | - Alessia Pappalardo
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10124, Torino.
| | - Alessandro Nota
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10124, Torino.
| | - Claudio Gendusa
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10124, Torino.
| | - Enrico Mirone
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10124, Torino.
| | - Marino Prearo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino.
| | - Alfredo Santovito
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10124, Torino.
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3
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Boukadida K, Mlouka R, Abelouah MR, Chelly S, Romdhani I, Conti GO, Ferrante M, Cammarata M, Parisi MG, AitAlla A, Banni M. Unraveling the interplay between environmental microplastics and salinity stress on Mytilus galloprovincialis larval development: A holistic exploration. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172177. [PMID: 38575005 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The rise of plastic production has triggered a surge in plastic waste, overwhelming marine ecosystems with microplastics. The effects of climate change, notably changing salinity, have shaped the dynamics of coastal lagoons. Thus, understanding the combined impact of these phenomena on marine organisms becomes increasingly crucial. To address these knowledge gaps, we investigated for the first time the interactive effects of environmental microplastics (EMPs) and increased salinity on the early development of Mytilus galloprovincialis larvae. Morphological assessments using the larval embryotoxicity test revealed larval anomalies and developmental arrests induced by EMPs and increased salinity. Transcriptomic analyses targeting 12 genes involved in oxidative stress, apoptosis, DNA repair, shell formation, and stress proteins were conducted on D-larvae uncovered the potential effects of EMPs on shell biomineralization, highlighting the role of Histidine Rich Glycoproteine (HRG) and tubulin as crucial adaptive mechanisms in Mytilus sp. in response to environmental shifts. Furthermore, we explored oxidative stress and neurotoxicity using biochemical assays. Our findings revealed a potential interaction between EMPs and increased salinity, impacting multiple physiological processes in mussel larvae. Our data contribute to understanding the cumulative effects of emerging anthropogenic pollutants and environmental stressors, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach to assessing their impact on marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khouloud Boukadida
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology, ISA, Chott-Mariem, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia; Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Rania Mlouka
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology, ISA, Chott-Mariem, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia; Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Rida Abelouah
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology, ISA, Chott-Mariem, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia; Laboratory of Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Environments, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Souha Chelly
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology, ISA, Chott-Mariem, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Ilef Romdhani
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology, ISA, Chott-Mariem, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Gea Oliveri Conti
- Marine Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, Viale delleScienze, Ed. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Marine Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, Viale delleScienze, Ed. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Matteo Cammarata
- Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratory (LIAA), Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Catania University, ViaSanta Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Parisi
- Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratory (LIAA), Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Catania University, ViaSanta Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Aicha AitAlla
- Laboratory of Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Environments, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Banni
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology, ISA, Chott-Mariem, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia; Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, Tunisia.
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Chowdhury A, Rahman MS. Molecular and biochemical biomarkers in the American oyster Crassostrea virginica exposed to herbicide Roundup® at high temperature. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:94757-94778. [PMID: 37540412 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28862-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic organisms are frequently exposed to various environmental stressors. Thus, the effects of high temperatures and herbicides on aquatic organisms are a major subject of interest. In this study, we studied the effects of short-term exposure (1 week) to Roundup®, a glyphosate-based herbicide (concentrations: 0.5 and 5 µg/L), on the morphology of gills, digestive glands, and connective tissues, and the expression of heat shock protein-70 (HSP70, a chaperone protein), cytochrome P450 (CYP450, a biomarker of environmental contaminants), dinitrophenyl protein (DNP, a biomarker of protein oxidation), nitrotyrosine protein (NTP, a biomarker of protein nitration), antioxidant enzymes such as superoxidase dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in tissues of American oyster, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791) maintained at high temperature (30 °C). Histological analyses showed an increase in mucous production in the gills and digestive glands, and in hemocyte aggregation in the connective tissues as well as a structural change of lumen in the digestive glands of oysters exposed to Roundup. Immunohistochemical and quantitative RT-PCR analyses showed significant (P < 0.05) increases in HSP70, CYP450, DNP, NTP, CAT, and SOD mRNA and protein expressions in the tissues of oysters exposed to Roundup. Taken together, these results suggest that exposure to Roundup at high temperature induces overproduction of reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species which in turn leads to altered prooxidant-antioxidant activity in oyster tissues. Moreover, our results provide new information on protein oxidation/nitration and antioxidant-dependent mechanisms for HSP70 and CYP450 regulations in oysters exposed to Roundup at high temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsana Chowdhury
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Md Saydur Rahman
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA.
- School of Integrative Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1 West University Blvd, TX, 78520, Brownsville, USA.
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5
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Levallois A, Nivelais L, Caplat C, Lebel JM, Basuyaux O, Costil K, Serpentini A. Impact assessment of metals realeased by aluminium-based galvanic anode on the physiology of the abalone Haliotis tuberculata in controlled conditions. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:438-450. [PMID: 37055676 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02652-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
To protect metal structures immersed in the sea from corrosion, the galvanic anode cathodic protection system (GACP) is often applied. However, this association leads to continuous oxidation of the galvanic anode and therefore to a release of a metal cocktail in the forms of ions or oxy-hydroxides. Therefore, the main objective of our study was to investigate the toxicity of elements released from the dissolution of an aluminium-based galvanic anode (∼95% Al, ∼5% Zn, <0.1% for In, Cu, Cd, Mn, Fe) on a grazing gastropod, the abalone Haliotis tuberculata. The present study was carried out in complement to other research currently in submission. Gastropods were exposed for 16 weeks (12 weeks of exposure and 4 weeks of decontamination phase) to 6 conditions including a control, 4 concentrations based on total aluminium level (86, 425, 1096 and 3549 µg L-1) and a trophic control, corresponding to abalones placed in non-contaminated natural seawater but fed with contaminated algae. The effects of metals on growth, glycogen levels, brix index of hemolymph, MDA levels in digestive gland and gills, hemocyte phagocytic activity, ROS production, lysosomal system and the progress of gametogenesis were investigated throughout the entire exposure allowing the realization of kinetics. The results revealed that the aluminium-based anode does not seem to have an effect on the health status of the individuals for environmentally realistic concentrations. However, in extreme conditions strong effects were reported on the growth, immune system and reproduction of abalone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Levallois
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA) Université de Caen Normandie UNICAEN, Sorbonne Université, MNHN, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UA, CNRS 8067, IRD, Esplanade de la paix, F-14032, Caen, France
| | - Laureen Nivelais
- Synergie Mer et littoral (SMEL), Zac de Blainville, F-50560, Blainville-sur-Mer, France
| | - Christelle Caplat
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA) Université de Caen Normandie UNICAEN, Sorbonne Université, MNHN, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UA, CNRS 8067, IRD, Esplanade de la paix, F-14032, Caen, France
| | - Jean-Marc Lebel
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA) Université de Caen Normandie UNICAEN, Sorbonne Université, MNHN, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UA, CNRS 8067, IRD, Esplanade de la paix, F-14032, Caen, France
| | - Olivier Basuyaux
- Synergie Mer et littoral (SMEL), Zac de Blainville, F-50560, Blainville-sur-Mer, France
| | - Katherine Costil
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA) Université de Caen Normandie UNICAEN, Sorbonne Université, MNHN, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UA, CNRS 8067, IRD, Esplanade de la paix, F-14032, Caen, France
| | - Antoine Serpentini
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA) Université de Caen Normandie UNICAEN, Sorbonne Université, MNHN, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UA, CNRS 8067, IRD, Esplanade de la paix, F-14032, Caen, France.
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6
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Bordin ER, Munhoz RC, Panicio PP, de Freitas AM, Ramsdorf WA. Effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of atrazine and glyphosate herbicides, isolated and in mixture, on two generation of the freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia magna. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:884-896. [PMID: 35585359 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02554-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The herbicides atrazine and glyphosate are used worldwide and their excessive usage results in the frequent presence of these pesticides in environmental compartments. We evaluated the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of analytical standards and commercial formulations of atrazine (2 µg L-1) and glyphosate (65 µg L-1), isolated and in mixture (2 + 65 µg L-1) on the microcrustacean Daphnia magna. Through chronic exposure (21 days) of two generations, we observed effects on survival, reproductive capacity and responses of the antioxidant defense system (catalase) and biotransformation system (glutathione S-transferase). The survival of organisms was affected in the second generation (F1) with a mortality of 17% in the mixture of commercial formulations treatments. In the evaluation of the first generation (F0) we observed only effects on sexual maturation of organisms, while in the F1, changes were observed in all parameters evaluated. A statistical difference (p < 0.05) was also observed between the analytical standards and the commercial formulations for all parameters evaluated, indicating that other components present in the formulations can change the toxicity of products. We suggest that atrazine can modulate toxicity when mixed with glyphosate, as the standard analytical atrazine and mixture of analytical standards results were similar in most parameters. Given the difficulty in estimating effects of mixtures and considering that various stressors are found in the environment, our results support the need to carry out long-term studies and, above all, to verify what are the impacts across generations, so that the toxicity of products is not underestimated. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Roberta Bordin
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Renan César Munhoz
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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Telahigue K, Rabeh I, Mhadhbi L, Nechi S, Chelbi E, Ben Ali M, Hedfi A, Al-Harbi MS, Hajji T. Glyphosate exposure modulates lipid composition, histo-architecture and oxidative stress status and induces neurotoxicity in the smooth scallop Flexopecten glaber. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 184:105099. [PMID: 35715038 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is the most sprayed pesticide across the globe. Its toxicity to non-target marine organisms has recently piqued the scientific community's interest. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the potentially toxic effects of glyphosate on scallops, an ecologically and economically important bivalve group. To do that, specimens of the smooth scallop Flexopecten glaber were exposed to different concentrations (10, 100, and 1000 μg L-1) of the technical-grade glyphosate acid (GLY) for 96 h. The detrimental effects of this pollutant were assayed at cellular and tissular levels. The obtained results showed that the GLY was able to induce oxidative stress in the gills and the digestive gland of F. glaber as revealed by the enhanced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), protein carbonyls (PCO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and lipid peroxides (LOOH) levels and the altered antioxidant defense system (the glutathione GSH content and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity). Additionally, GLY was found to alter the fatty acid profile, to exert a neurotoxic effect through the inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and to provoke several histopathological damages in the two organs studied. The obtained results revealed that the pure form of GLY may exert toxic effects on F. glaber even at relatively low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaoula Telahigue
- Lab. of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms (LR18ES41), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Imen Rabeh
- Lab. of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms (LR18ES41), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Lazhar Mhadhbi
- Lab. of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms (LR18ES41), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Nechi
- Anatomy and Cytology Service, CHU Mohamed Taher Maamouri hospital, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Emna Chelbi
- Anatomy and Cytology Service, CHU Mohamed Taher Maamouri hospital, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amor Hedfi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S Al-Harbi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek Hajji
- Lab. Of Biotechnology and Valorization fo Bio-GeResources (LR11ES31), Higher Institute of Biotechnology - Sidi Thabet, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, University Manouba, 2020 Ariana, Tunisia
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8
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Martins-Gomes C, Silva TL, Andreani T, Silva AM. Glyphosate vs. Glyphosate-Based Herbicides Exposure: A Review on Their Toxicity. J Xenobiot 2022; 12:21-40. [PMID: 35076536 PMCID: PMC8788447 DOI: 10.3390/jox12010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicide has been the first choice for weed management worldwide since the 1970s, mainly due to its efficacy and reported low toxicity, which contributed to its high acceptance. Many of the recent studies focus solely on the persistence of pesticides in soils, air, water or food products, or even on the degree of exposure of animals, since their potential hazards to human health have raised concerns. Given the unaware exposure of the general population to pesticides, and the absence of a significant number of studies on occupational hazards, new glyphosate-induced toxicity data obtained for both residual and acute doses should be analyzed and systematized. Additionally, recent studies also highlight the persistence and toxicity of both glyphosate metabolites and surfactants present in herbicide formulations. To renew or ban the use of glyphosate, recently published studies must be taken into account, aiming to define new levels of safety for exposure to herbicide, its metabolites, and the toxic excipients of its formulations. This review aims to provide an overview of recent publications (2010–present) on in vitro and in vivo studies aimed at verifying the animal toxicity induced by glyphosate, its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) and glyphosate-based formulations, evaluated in various experimental models. Apart from glyphosate-induced toxicity, recent data concerning the role of surfactants in the toxicity of glyphosate-based formulations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martins-Gomes
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (T.L.S.); (T.A.)
- Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Correspondence: (C.M.-G.); (A.M.S.); Tel.: +351-259-350-921(A.M.S.)
| | - Tânia L. Silva
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (T.L.S.); (T.A.)
- Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Tatiana Andreani
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (T.L.S.); (T.A.)
| | - Amélia M. Silva
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (T.L.S.); (T.A.)
- Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Correspondence: (C.M.-G.); (A.M.S.); Tel.: +351-259-350-921(A.M.S.)
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9
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Wided O, Abdelhafidh K, Ali M, Touaylia S. Protective role of Spirulina platensis against glyphosate induced toxicity in marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS 2021; 39:373-387. [PMID: 35895949 DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2021.1954833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is a toxic environmental pollutant that has the ability to induce biochemical and physiological alterations in living organisms. Several studies have focused on the research of protective techniques against the stress induced by this contaminant. In this context, we studied the protective effect of Spirulina against the disturbances induced by glyphosate. A biomarker approach was adopted to determine the impact of glyphosate, Spirulina and their mixture, during two time slots (4 and 7 days), on Mytilus galloprovincialis. Glyphosate treated mussels revealed significantly increased malondialdehyde and decreased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) levels. Spirulina normalized catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and AChE activities. Furthermore, it reduced glyphosate-induced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The current study suggests a protective effect of Spirulina against glyphosate-induced oxidative stress by strengthening the antioxidant system, sequestering ROS and inhibiting cellular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouarghi Wided
- Environmental Biomonitoring Laboratory (LBE), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Khazri Abdelhafidh
- Environmental Biomonitoring Laboratory (LBE), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Mezni Ali
- Environmental Biomonitoring Laboratory (LBE), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Samir Touaylia
- Environmental Biomonitoring Laboratory (LBE), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisia
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10
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Bringer A, Thomas H, Prunier G, Dubillot E, Clérandeau C, Pageaud M, Cachot J. Toxicity and risk assessment of six widely used pesticides on embryo-larval development of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 779:146343. [PMID: 33744579 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the toxic effects and the potential risk of widely used agricultural pesticides on the development (malformations and developmental arrest), growth and swimming activity of oyster D-larvae (Crassostrea gigas). Freshly fertilized oyster embryos were exposed for 24 h at 24 °C to different concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 μg.L-1) of six different pesticides: Glyphosate and its commercial solution (Roundup), Isoproturon, Nicosulfuron, Chlortoluron and Boscalid. The six pesticides tested induced a significant increase in larval malformations and developmental arrests. All pesticides except Glyphosate and Isoproturon affected larval growth. Roundup, Nicosulfuron, Chlortoluron and Boscalid also affected the swimming behaviour of the D-larvae, with a significant decrease recorded in their maximum swimming speed. Comparison of the LOEC (Lowest-Observed-Effect Concentration) of each compound led to the following toxicity classification: Boscalid > Chlortoluron = Nicosulfuron > Glyphosate > Roundup > Isoproturon, with respectively LOEC of 0.0028; 0.015; 0.017; 0.11; 0.3 and 0.78 μg.L-1. By comparison of the maximum concentrations in the Pertuis Charentais (South West, France) and LOEC of each pesticide, the following risk scale was obtained: Chlortoluron > Boscalid > Glyphosate > Roundup > Nicosulfuron > Isoproturon. Our results revealed that Chlortoluron, Boscalid and to a lesser extent Glyphosate represent a potential threat to early life stages of oyster living in the Pertuis Charentais marine area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno Bringer
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F-17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France
| | - Hélène Thomas
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F-17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France
| | - Grégoire Prunier
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F-17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France
| | - Emmanuel Dubillot
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F-17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France
| | | | - Marius Pageaud
- Qualyse, 5 allée de l'Océan, F-17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - Jérôme Cachot
- Université Bordeaux, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, UMR 5805, F-33600 Pessac, France.
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11
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Effects of Temperature and Glyphosate on Fatty Acid Composition, Antioxidant Capacity, and Lipid Peroxidation in the Gastropod Lymneae sp. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13081039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the potential effects of glyphosate on freshwater gastropods and possible interactions between glyphosate and other stressors. A two-way factorial experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of temperature (20 °C/25 °C) and glyphosate (0 µg/L/200 µg/L) on Lymnaea sp. After 21 days, antioxidant capacity (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST)), malondialdehyde content (MDA), and fatty acid (FA) composition of Lymnaea sp. tissue were measured. Temperature had an effect on SOD activity and GPx activity. In contrast, an increase in GST activity was observed in glyphosate-exposed snails, highlighting the role of GST in the glyphosate detoxification process. Differences in temperature and glyphosate did not affect lipid peroxidation (MDA); however, we observed a trend suggesting the presence of higher MDA content in glyphosate-exposed snails at 20 °C. The FA groups were generally not strongly affected by the treatments, except for omega−9 (n-9) that was markedly lower at the higher temperature. Changes were also observed in individual FA as a response to glyphosate and/or temperature. For example, a significant decrease in 18:1n9 was observed at 25 °C. Our results showed that antioxidant capacity and FA profiles were mainly affected by temperature, while glyphosate seemed to have a lesser impact.
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12
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Anand M, Rangesh K, Maruthupandy M, Jayanthi G, Rajeswari B, Priya RJ. Effect of CO 2 driven ocean acidification on calcification, physiology and ovarian cells of tropical sea urchin Salmacis virgulata - A microcosm approach. Heliyon 2021; 7:e05970. [PMID: 33521355 PMCID: PMC7820546 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e05970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we depict the structural modification of test minerals, physiological response and ovarian damage in the tropical sea urchin Salmacis virgulata using microcosm CO2 (Carbon dioxide) perturbation experiment. S. virgulata were exposed to hypercapnic conditions with four different pH levels using CO2 gas bubbling method that reflects ambient level (pH 8.2) and elevated pCO2 scenarios (pH 8.0, 7.8 and 7.6). The variations in physical strength and mechanical properties of S. virgulata test were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and scanned electron microscopy analysis. Biomarker enzymes such as glutathione-S-transferase, catalase, acetylcholine esterase, lipid peroxidase and reduced glutathione showed physiological stress and highly significant (p < 0.01) towards pH 7.6 and 7.8 treatments. Ovarian cells were highly damaged at pH 7.6 and 7.8 treatments. This study proved that the pH level 7.6 and 7.8 drastically affect calcification, physiological response and ovarian cells in S. virgulata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthusamy Anand
- Department of Marine and Coastal Studies, School of Energy, Environment and Natural Resources, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu 625 021, India
| | - Kannan Rangesh
- Department of Marine and Coastal Studies, School of Energy, Environment and Natural Resources, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu 625 021, India
| | - Muthuchamy Maruthupandy
- Department of Marine and Coastal Studies, School of Energy, Environment and Natural Resources, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu 625 021, India.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Physical Science and Mathematics, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Govindarajulu Jayanthi
- Department of Marine and Coastal Studies, School of Energy, Environment and Natural Resources, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu 625 021, India
| | - Balakrishnan Rajeswari
- Department of Marine and Coastal Studies, School of Energy, Environment and Natural Resources, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu 625 021, India
| | - Radhakrishnan Jeeva Priya
- Department of Marine and Coastal Studies, School of Energy, Environment and Natural Resources, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu 625 021, India
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13
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Metallothioneins contribution to the response of bivalve mollusk to xenobiotics. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj92.05.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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14
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Gattás F, Espinosa M, Babay P, Pizarro H, Cataldo D. Invasive species versus pollutants: Potential of Limnoperna fortunei to degrade glyphosate-based commercial formulations. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 201:110794. [PMID: 32526590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The intensive use of glyphosate in industrial agriculture may lead to freshwater contamination, encouraging studies of its toxic effect on non-target aquatic organisms. Glyphosate-based commercial formulations contain adjuvants, making them even more toxic than the active ingredient (a.i.) itself. The golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei is a freshwater invasive species which has been found to increase glyphosate dissipation in water and to accelerate eutrophication. The aim of this study is to evaluate the capability of L. fortunei to reduce the concentration of glyphosate in two commercial formulations, Roundup Max® and Glifosato Atanor®. Results were compared with the decay of the a.i. alone and in presence of mussels. Evasive response and toxicity tests were performed in a first set of trials to analyze the response of L. fortunei exposed to Roundup Max® and Glifosato Atanor®. Subsequently, we conducted a 21-day degradation experiment in 2.6-L microcosms applying the following treatments: 6 mg L-1 of technical-grade glyphosate (G), Glifosato Atanor® (A), Roundup Max® (R), 20 mussels in dechlorinated tap water (M), and the combination of mussels and herbicide either in the technical-grade (MG) or formulated form (MA and MR) (all by triplicate). Samples were collected at days 0, 1, 7, 14 and 21. No significant differences in glyphosate decay were found between treatments with mussels (MG: 2.03 ± 0.40 mg L-1; MA: 1.60 ± 0.32 mg L-1; MR: 1.81 ± 0.21 mg L-1), between glyphosate as a.i. and the commercial formulations, and between the commercial formulations, suggesting that the adjuvants did not affect the degrading potential of L. fortunei. In addition to the acceleration of glyphosate dissipation in water, there was an increase in the concentration of dissolved nutrients in water (N-NH4+ and P-PO43-) even higher than that caused by the filtering activity of the mussels, probably resulting from stress or from the degradation of glyphosate and adjuvants. We believe that a larger bioavailability of these nutrients due to glyphosate metabolization mediated by mussels would accelerate eutrophication processes in natural water bodies. The approach used here, where L. fortunei was exposed to two commercial formulations actually used in agricultural practices, sheds light on the potential impact of glyphosate decay on water bodies invaded by this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Gattás
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (C1428EGA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires (C1428EGA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariela Espinosa
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. General Paz 1499 (1650), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paola Babay
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. General Paz 1499 (1650), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Haydée Pizarro
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (C1428EGA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires (C1428EGA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Cataldo
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (C1428EGA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires (C1428EGA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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15
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Fabrello J, Grapputo A, Munari M, Marin MG, Masiero L, Pacchioni B, Millino C, Matozzo V. Molecular and biochemical responses of vitellogenin in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to the glyphosate-based herbicide Roundup® Power 2.0. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:26543-26553. [PMID: 32367242 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08985-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) occur in aquatic ecosystems at concentrations of hundreds of micrograms per liter. As formulation adjuvants are suspected to be endocrine-disrupting chemicals, we assessed the effects of the recent GBH formulation Roundup® Power 2.0 on vitellogenin (VTG) in Mytilus galloprovincialis. Mussels were exposed for 7, 14, and 21 days to two concentrations of the commercial formulation, corresponding to 100 and 1000 μg/L of glyphosate. The expression of the vtg gene in gonads of females and males, as well as the levels of alkali labile phosphates (ALP) in gonads and non-gonadal tissues from the two sexes were measured. No significant alterations were observed in vtg expression values during the exposure. Conversely, a significant reduction in gonadal ALP levels was observed in females exposed for 21 days and in males exposed for 7 days. In addition, ALP levels increased significantly in gonads from males exposed for 21 days to the two concentrations of Roundup®. As for non-gonadal tissues, ALP levels did not change significantly in females, whereas ALP levels decreased significantly in non-gonadal tissues from males exposed for 21 days to the lowest concentration tested. An overall statistically significant difference in ALP levels was found between females and males. Although preliminary, our study suggests that GBH can affect reproduction-related parameters in mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Fabrello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Grapputo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Munari
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Villa Dohrn-Benthic Ecology Center Ischia, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Marin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Luciano Masiero
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Beniamina Pacchioni
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Caterina Millino
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Valerio Matozzo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy.
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16
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The Effects of Glyphosate and Its Commercial Formulations to Marine Invertebrates: A Review. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse8060399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is the active ingredient of numerous commercial formulations of herbicides applied in different sectors, from agriculture to aquaculture. Due to its widespread use around the world, relatively high concentrations of glyphosate have been detected in soil and aquatic environments. The presence of glyphosate in aquatic ecosystems has aroused the attention of researchers because of its potential negative effects on living organisms, both animals and plants. In this context, this review intends to summarize results of studies aimed at evaluating the effects of glyphosate (both as active ingredient and component of commercial formulations) on marine invertebrates. Generally, data obtained in acute toxicity tests indicate that glyphosate and its commercial formulations are lethal at high concentrations (not environmentally realistic), whereas results of long-lasting experiments indicate that glyphosate can markedly affect biological responses of marine invertebrates. Consequently, more efforts should be addressed at evaluating chronic or sub-chronic effects of such substances to marine invertebrate species.
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17
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Iummato MM, Sabatini SE, Cacciatore LC, Cochón AC, Cataldo D, de Molina MDCR, Juárez ÁB. Biochemical responses of the golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei under dietary glyphosate exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 163:69-75. [PMID: 30041128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the biochemical alterations in the golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei under dietary glyphosate exposure. Mussels were fed during 4 weeks with the green algae Scenedesmus vacuolatus previously exposed to a commercial formulation of glyphosate (6 mg L-1 active principle) with the addition of alkyl aryl polyglycol ether surfactant. After 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of dietary exposure, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterases (CES) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, glutathione (GSH) content and damage to lipids and proteins levels were analyzed. A significant increase (72%) in the GST activity and a significant decrease (26%) in the CES activity in the mussels fed on glyphosate exposed algae for 28 days were observed. The ALP activity was significantly increased at 21 and 28 days of dietary exposure (48% and 72%, respectively). GSH content and CAT, SOD and AchE activities did not show any differences between the exposed and non exposed bivalves. No oxidative damage to lipids and proteins, measured as TBARS and carbonyl content respectively, was observed in response to glyphosate dietary exposure. The decrease in the CES activity and the increases in GST and ALP activities observed in L. fortunei indicate that dietary exposure to glyphosate provokes metabolic alterations, related with detoxification mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Mercedes Iummato
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Eduardo Sabatini
- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luis Claudio Cacciatore
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adriana Cristina Cochón
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Cataldo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución. CONICET-UBA-Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución (IEGE), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Del Carmen Ríos de Molina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ángela Beatriz Juárez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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18
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Simões T, Novais SC, Natal-da-Luz T, Devreese B, de Boer T, Roelofs D, Sousa JP, van Straalen NM, Lemos MFL. An integrative omics approach to unravel toxicity mechanisms of environmental chemicals: effects of a formulated herbicide. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11376. [PMID: 30054531 PMCID: PMC6063884 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29662-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of integrative molecular approaches can aid in a comprehensive understanding of the effects of toxicants at different levels of biological organization, also supporting risk assessment. The present study aims to unravel the toxicity mechanisms of a widely used herbicide to the arthropod Folsomia candida exposed in a natural soil, by linking effects on reproduction, proteomics and genome-wide gene expression. The EC50 effects on reproduction over 4 weeks was 4.63 mg glyphosate/kg of soil. The formulation included a polyethoxylated tallowamine as an adjuvant, which at 50% effect on reproduction had an estimated concentration of 0.87-1.49 mg/kg of soil. No effects were observed on survival and reproduction when using the isolated active substance, pointing the toxicity of the formulated product to the co-formulant instead of the active ingredient, glyphosate. RNA sequencing and shotgun proteomics were applied to assess differential transcript and protein expressions between exposed and control organisms in time, respectively. Specific functional categories at protein and transcriptome levels were concordant with each other, despite overall limited correlations between datasets. The exposure to this formulation affected normal cellular respiration and lipid metabolism, inducing oxidative stress and leading to impairment in biological life cycle mechanisms such as molting and reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Simões
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal.
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Institute of Ecological Sciences, Vrije University, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Sara C Novais
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
- Institute of Ecological Sciences, Vrije University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tiago Natal-da-Luz
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bart Devreese
- Laboratory for Microbiology (LM-Ugent), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tjalf de Boer
- Institute of Ecological Sciences, Vrije University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dick Roelofs
- Institute of Ecological Sciences, Vrije University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - José P Sousa
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Marco F L Lemos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
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