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Misbah MH, Quintanilla-Sierra L, Alonso M, Rodríguez-Cabello JC, Santos M. "In-situ" formation of elastin-like recombinamer hydrogels with tunable viscoelasticity through efficient one-pot process. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:100999. [PMID: 38379933 PMCID: PMC10877175 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the remarkable progress in the generation of recombinant elastin-like (ELR) hydrogels, further improvements are still required to enhance and control their viscoelasticity, as well as limit the use of expensive chemical reagents, time-consuming processes and several purification steps. To alleviate this issue, the reactivity of carboxylic groups from glutamic (E) acid distributed along the hydrophilic block of an amphiphilic ELR (coded as E50I60) with amine groups has been studied through a one-pot amidation reaction in aqueous solutions, for the first time. By means of this approach, immediate conjugation of E50I60 with molecules containing amine groups has been performed with a high yield, as demonstrated by the 1H NMR and MALDI-TOF spectroscopies. This has resulted in the preparation of viscoelastic irreversible hydrogels through the "in-situ" cross-linking of E50I60 with another ELR (coded as VKV24) containing amine groups from lysines (K). The rheology analysis demonstrated that the gelation process takes place following a dual mechanism dependent on the ELR concentration: physical cross-linking of I60 block through the hydrophobic interactions, and covalent cross-linking of E50I60 with VKV24 through the amidation reaction. While the chemical network formed between the hydrophilic E50 block and VKV24 ELR preserves the elasticity of ELR hydrogels, the self-assembly of the I60 block through the hydrophobic interactions provides a tunable physical network. The presented investigation serves as a basis for generating ELR hydrogels with tunable viscoelastic properties promising for tissue regeneration, through an ''in-situ", rapid, scalable, economically and feasible one-pot method.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Hamed Misbah
- Nanoscience Department, Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33511, Egypt
| | - Luis Quintanilla-Sierra
- G.I.R. Bioforge, University of Valladolid, CIBER-BBN, Paseo de Belén 19, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Matilde Alonso
- G.I.R. Bioforge, University of Valladolid, CIBER-BBN, Paseo de Belén 19, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Mercedes Santos
- G.I.R. Bioforge, University of Valladolid, CIBER-BBN, Paseo de Belén 19, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
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Hedtke T, Mende M, Steenbock H, Brinckmann J, Menzel M, Hoehenwarter W, Pietzsch M, Groth T, Schmelzer CEH. Fabrication of Insoluble Elastin by Enzyme-Free Cross-Linking. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300203. [PMID: 37441796 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Elastin is an essential extracellular matrix protein that enables tissues and organs such as arteries, lungs, and skin, which undergo continuous deformation, to stretch and recoil. Here, an approach to fabricating artificial elastin with close-to-native molecular and mechanical characteristics is described. Recombinantly produced tropoelastin are polymerized through coacervation and allysine-mediated cross-linking induced by pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ). A technique that allows the recovery and repeated use of PQQ for protein cross-linking by covalent attachment to magnetic Sepharose beads is developed. The produced material closely resembles natural elastin in its molecular, biochemical, and mechanical properties, enabled by the occurrence of the cross-linking amino acids desmosine, isodesmosine, and merodesmosine. It possesses elevated resistance against tryptic proteolysis, and its Young's modulus ranging between 1 and 2 MPa is similar to that of natural elastin. The approach described herein enables the engineering of mechanically resilient, elastin-like materials for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Hedtke
- Department of Biological and Macromolecular Materials, Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Mathias Mende
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Heiko Steenbock
- Institute of Virology and Cell Biology, University of Lübeck, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jürgen Brinckmann
- Institute of Virology and Cell Biology, University of Lübeck, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Matthias Menzel
- Department of Biological and Macromolecular Materials, Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hoehenwarter
- Proteome Analytics Research Group, Leibniz Institute for Plant Biochemistry, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Markus Pietzsch
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Applied Dermatopharmacy at the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (IADP), 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Thomas Groth
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Materials Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christian E H Schmelzer
- Department of Biological and Macromolecular Materials, Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Applied Dermatopharmacy at the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (IADP), 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
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3
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Simionescu D, Tharayil N, Leonard E, Carlyle W, Schwarz A, Ning K, Carsten C, Garcia JCC, Carter A, Owens C, Simionescu A. Binding of Pentagalloyl Glucose to Aortic Wall Proteins: Insights from Peptide Mapping and Simulated Docking Studies. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:936. [PMID: 37627822 PMCID: PMC10451288 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10080936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentagalloyl glucose (PGG) is currently being investigated as a non-surgical treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs); however, the molecular mechanisms of action of PGG on the AAA matrix components and the intra-luminal thrombus (ILT) still need to be better understood. To assess these interactions, we utilized peptide fingerprinting and molecular docking simulations to predict the binding of PGG to vascular proteins in normal and aneurysmal aorta, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), cytokines, and fibrin. We performed PGG diffusion studies in pure fibrin gels and human ILT samples. PGG was predicted to bind with high affinity to most vascular proteins, the active sites of MMPs, and several cytokines known to be present in AAAs. Finally, despite potential binding to fibrin, PGG was shown to diffuse readily through thrombus at physiologic pressures. In conclusion, PGG can bind to all the normal and aneurysmal aorta protein components with high affinity, potentially protecting the tissue from degradation and exerting anti-inflammatory activities. Diffusion studies showed that thrombus presence in AAAs is not a barrier to endovascular treatment. Together, these results provide a deeper understanding of the clinical potential of PGG as a non-surgical treatment of AAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Simionescu
- Biocompatibility and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (J.C.C.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Nishanth Tharayil
- Multi-User Analytical Lab (MUAL) & Metabolomic Core, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (N.T.); (E.L.)
| | - Elizabeth Leonard
- Multi-User Analytical Lab (MUAL) & Metabolomic Core, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (N.T.); (E.L.)
| | - Wenda Carlyle
- Nectero Medical Inc., Mesa, AZ 85281, USA; (W.C.); (A.S.); (K.N.)
| | - Alex Schwarz
- Nectero Medical Inc., Mesa, AZ 85281, USA; (W.C.); (A.S.); (K.N.)
| | - Kelvin Ning
- Nectero Medical Inc., Mesa, AZ 85281, USA; (W.C.); (A.S.); (K.N.)
| | | | - Juan Carlos Carrillo Garcia
- Biocompatibility and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (J.C.C.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Alexander Carter
- Biocompatibility and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (J.C.C.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Collin Owens
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (C.O.); (A.S.)
| | - Agneta Simionescu
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (C.O.); (A.S.)
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Aguilar-Toalá JE, Vidal-Limon A, Liceaga AM. Nutricosmetics: A new frontier in bioactive peptides' research toward skin aging. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2022; 104:205-228. [PMID: 37236732 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Food derived bioactive peptides are small protein fragments (2-20 amino acids long) that can exhibit health benefits, beyond basic nutrition. For example, food bioactive peptides can act as physiological modulators with hormone or drug-like activities including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and the ability to inhibit enzymes related to chronic disease metabolism. Recently, bioactive peptides have been studied for their potential role as nutricosmetics. For example, bioactive peptides can impart skin-aging protection toward extrinsic (i.e., environmental and sun UV-ray damage) and intrinsic (i.e., natural cell or chronological aging) factors. Specifically, bioactive peptides have demonstrated antioxidant and antimicrobial activates toward reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pathogenic bacteria associated with skin diseases, respectively. The anti-inflammatory properties of bioactive peptides using in vivo models has also been reported, where peptides have shown to decreased the expression of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, interferon-γ (INF-γ), and interleukin-17 (IL-17) in mice models. This chapter will discuss the main factors that trigger skin-aging processes, as well as provide examples of in vitro, in vivo, and in silico applications of bioactive peptides in relation to nutricosmetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Aguilar-Toalá
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Alimentación, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Lerma, Lerma, Mexico
| | - A Vidal-Limon
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Instituto de Ecología A.C. (INECOL), Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Andrea M Liceaga
- Protein Chemistry and Bioactive Peptides Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.
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5
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Lau K, Reichheld S, Sharpe S, Cerruti M. Globule and fiber formation with elastin-like polypeptides: a balance of coacervation and crosslinking. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:3257-3266. [PMID: 35404375 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00049k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Elastic fiber assembly is a complex process that requires the coacervation and cross-linking of the protein building block tropoelastin. To date, the order, timing, and interplay of coacervation and crosslinking is not completely understood, despite a great number of advances into understanding the molecular structure and functions of the many proteins involved in elastic fiber assembly. With a simple in vitro model using elastin-like polypeptides and the natural chemical crosslinker genipin, we demonstrate the strong influence of the timing and kinetics of crosslinking reaction on the coacervation, crosslinking extent, and resulting morphology of elastin. We also outline a method for analyzing elastin droplet network formation as a heuristic for measuring the propensity for elastic fiber formation. From this we show that adding crosslinker during peak coacervation dramatically increases the propensity for droplet network formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirklann Lau
- Department of Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street Wong Building, 2250 Montreal, QC H3A 2B2, Canada.
| | - Sean Reichheld
- Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, 686 Bay St., Room 20.9714, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
| | - Simon Sharpe
- Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, 686 Bay St., Room 20.9714, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
| | - Marta Cerruti
- Department of Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street Wong Building, 2250 Montreal, QC H3A 2B2, Canada.
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6
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Boraldi F, Lofaro FD, Cossarizza A, Quaglino D. The "Elastic Perspective" of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and the Role of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031559. [PMID: 35163482 PMCID: PMC8835950 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Elastin represents the structural component of the extracellular matrix providing elastic recoil to tissues such as skin, blood vessels and lungs. Elastogenic cells secrete soluble tropoelastin monomers into the extracellular space where these monomers associate with other matrix proteins (e.g., microfibrils and glycoproteins) and are crosslinked by lysyl oxidase to form insoluble fibres. Once elastic fibres are formed, they are very stable, highly resistant to degradation and have an almost negligible turnover. However, there are circumstances, mainly related to inflammatory conditions, where increased proteolytic degradation of elastic fibres may lead to consequences of major clinical relevance. In severely affected COVID-19 patients, for instance, the massive recruitment and activation of neutrophils is responsible for the profuse release of elastases and other proteolytic enzymes which cause the irreversible degradation of elastic fibres. Within the lungs, destruction of the elastic network may lead to the permanent impairment of pulmonary function, thus suggesting that elastases can be a promising target to preserve the elastic component in COVID-19 patients. Moreover, intrinsic and extrinsic factors additionally contributing to damaging the elastic component and to increasing the spread and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Boraldi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (F.B.); (F.D.L.)
| | - Francesco Demetrio Lofaro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (F.B.); (F.D.L.)
| | - Andrea Cossarizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Daniela Quaglino
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (F.B.); (F.D.L.)
- Correspondence:
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7
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Ruiz-Zapata AM, Heinz A, Kerkhof MH, van de Westerlo-van Rijt C, Schmelzer CEH, Stoop R, Kluivers KB, Oosterwijk E. Extracellular Matrix Stiffness and Composition Regulate the Myofibroblast Differentiation of Vaginal Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134762. [PMID: 32635512 PMCID: PMC7369731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation is a key feature of wound-healing in soft tissues, including the vagina. Vaginal fibroblasts maintain the integrity of the vaginal wall tissues, essential to keep pelvic organs in place and avoid pelvic organ prolapse (POP). The micro-environment of vaginal tissues in POP patients is stiffer and has different extracellular matrix (ECM) composition than healthy vaginal tissues. In this study, we employed a series of matrices with known stiffnesses, as well as vaginal ECMs, in combination with vaginal fibroblasts from POP and healthy tissues to investigate how matrix stiffness and composition regulate myofibroblast differentiation in vaginal fibroblasts. Stiffness was positively correlated to production of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Vaginal ECMs induced myofibroblast differentiation as both α-SMA and collagen gene expressions were increased. This differentiation was more pronounced in cells seeded on POP-ECMs that were stiffer than those derived from healthy tissues and had higher collagen and elastin protein content. We showed that stiffness and ECM content regulate vaginal myofibroblast differentiation. We provide preliminary evidence that vaginal fibroblasts might recognize POP-ECMs as scar tissues that need to be remodeled. This is fundamentally important for tissue repair, and provides a rational basis for POP disease modelling and therapeutic innovations in vaginal reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra M. Ruiz-Zapata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (C.v.d.W.-v.R.); (K.B.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrea Heinz
- Department of Pharmacy, LEO Foundation Center for Cutaneous Drug Delivery, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Manon H. Kerkhof
- Curilion, Women’s Health Centre, 2015 BJ Haarlem, The Netherlands;
| | - Cindy van de Westerlo-van Rijt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (C.v.d.W.-v.R.); (K.B.K.)
| | - Christian E. H. Schmelzer
- Department of Biological and Macromolecular Materials, Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure Materials and Systems IMWS, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Reinout Stoop
- TNO Metabolic Health Research, 2301 DA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Kirsten B. Kluivers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (C.v.d.W.-v.R.); (K.B.K.)
| | - Egbert Oosterwijk
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
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Heinz A. Elastases and elastokines: elastin degradation and its significance in health and disease. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 55:252-273. [PMID: 32530323 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2020.1768208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Elastin is an important protein of the extracellular matrix of higher vertebrates, which confers elasticity and resilience to various tissues and organs including lungs, skin, large blood vessels and ligaments. Owing to its unique structure, extensive cross-linking and durability, it does not undergo significant turnover in healthy tissues and has a half-life of more than 70 years. Elastin is not only a structural protein, influencing the architecture and biomechanical properties of the extracellular matrix, but also plays a vital role in various physiological processes. Bioactive elastin peptides termed elastokines - in particular those of the GXXPG motif - occur as a result of proteolytic degradation of elastin and its non-cross-linked precursor tropoelastin and display several biological activities. For instance, they promote angiogenesis or stimulate cell adhesion, chemotaxis, proliferation, protease activation and apoptosis. Elastin-degrading enzymes such as matrix metalloproteinases, serine proteases and cysteine proteases slowly damage elastin over the lifetime of an organism. The destruction of elastin and the biological processes triggered by elastokines favor the development and progression of various pathological conditions including emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome and cancer. This review gives an overview on types of human elastases and their action on human elastin, including the formation, structure and biological activities of elastokines and their role in common biological processes and severe pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Heinz
- Department of Pharmacy, LEO Foundation Center for Cutaneous Drug Delivery, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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9
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Schmelzer CEH, Hedtke T, Heinz A. Unique molecular networks: Formation and role of elastin cross-links. IUBMB Life 2019; 72:842-854. [PMID: 31834666 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Elastic fibers are essential assemblies of vertebrates and confer elasticity and resilience to various organs including blood vessels, lungs, skin, and ligaments. Mature fibers, which comprise a dense and insoluble elastin core and a microfibrillar mantle, are extremely resistant toward intrinsic and extrinsic influences and maintain elastic function over the human lifespan in healthy conditions. The oxidative deamination of peptidyl lysine to peptidyl allysine in elastin's precursor tropoelastin is a crucial posttranslational step in their formation. The modification is catalyzed by members of the family of lysyl oxidases and the starting point for subsequent manifold condensation reactions that eventually lead to the highly cross-linked elastomer. This review summarizes the current understanding of the formation of cross-links within and between the monomer molecules, the molecular sites, and cross-link types involved and the pathological consequences of abnormalities in the cross-linking process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian E H Schmelzer
- Department of Biological and Macromolecular Materials, Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tobias Hedtke
- Department of Biological and Macromolecular Materials, Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Andrea Heinz
- Department of Pharmacy, LEO Foundation Center for Cutaneous Drug Delivery, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Vindin H, Mithieux SM, Weiss AS. Elastin architecture. Matrix Biol 2019; 84:4-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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11
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Ibáñez-Fonseca A, Flora T, Acosta S, Rodríguez-Cabello JC. Trends in the design and use of elastin-like recombinamers as biomaterials. Matrix Biol 2019; 84:111-126. [PMID: 31288085 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Elastin-like recombinamers (ELRs), which derive from one of the repetitive domains found in natural elastin, have been intensively studied in the last few years from several points of view. In this mini review, we discuss all the recent works related to the investigation of ELRs, starting with those that define these polypeptides as model intrinsically disordered proteins or regions (IDPs or IDRs) and its relevance for some biomedical applications. Furthermore, we summarize the current knowledge on the development of drug, vaccine and gene delivery systems based on ELRs, while also emphasizing the use of ELR-based hydrogels in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). Finally, we show different studies that explore applications in other fields, and several examples that describe biomaterial blends in which ELRs have a key role. This review aims to give an overview of the recent advances regarding ELRs and to encourage further investigation of their properties and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Ibáñez-Fonseca
- BIOFORGE Lab, CIBER-BBN, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 19, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Tatjana Flora
- BIOFORGE Lab, CIBER-BBN, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 19, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Sergio Acosta
- BIOFORGE Lab, CIBER-BBN, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 19, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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12
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Miekus N, Luise C, Sippl W, Baczek T, Schmelzer CEH, Heinz A. MMP-14 degrades tropoelastin and elastin. Biochimie 2019; 165:32-39. [PMID: 31278967 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases are a class of enzymes, which degrade extracellular matrix components such as collagens, elastin, laminin or fibronectin. So far, four matrix metalloproteinases have been shown to degrade elastin and its precursor tropoelastin, namely matrix metalloproteinase-2, -7, -9 and -12. This study focuses on investigating the elastinolytic capability of membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase, also known as matrix metalloproteinase-14. We digested recombinant human tropoelastin and human skin elastin with matrix metalloproteinase-14 and analyzed the peptide mixtures using complementary mass spectrometric techniques and bioinformatics tools. The results and additional molecular docking studies show that matrix metalloproteinase-14 cleaves tropoelastin as well as elastin. While tropoelastin was well degraded, fewer cleavages occurred in the highly cross-linked mature elastin. The study also provides insights into the cleavage preferences of the enzyme. Similar to cleavage preferences of matrix metalloproteinases-2, -7, -9 and -12, matrix metalloproteinase-14 prefers small and medium-sized hydrophobic residues including Gly, Ala, Leu and Val at cleavage site P1'. Pro, Gly and Ala were preferably found at P1-P4 and P2'-P4' in both tropoelastin and elastin. Cleavage of mature skin elastin by matrix metalloproteinase-14 released a variety of bioactive elastin peptides, which indicates that the enzyme may play a role in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases that go along with elastin breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Miekus
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Chiara Luise
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tomasz Baczek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Christian E H Schmelzer
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Andrea Heinz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany; Department of Pharmacy, LEO Foundation Center for Cutaneous Drug Delivery, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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13
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Bennasroune A, Romier-Crouzet B, Blaise S, Laffargue M, Efremov RG, Martiny L, Maurice P, Duca L. Elastic fibers and elastin receptor complex: Neuraminidase-1 takes the center stage. Matrix Biol 2019; 84:57-67. [PMID: 31226402 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) has for a long time being considered as a simple architectural support for cells. It is now clear that ECM presents a fundamental influence on cells driving their phenotype and fate. This complex network is highly specialized and the different classes of macromolecules that comprise the ECM determine its biological functions. For instance, collagens are responsible for the tensile strength of tissues, proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans are essential for hydration and resistance to compression, and glycoproteins such as laminins facilitate cell attachment. The largest structures of the ECM are the elastic fibers found in abundance in tissues suffering high mechanical constraints such as skin, lungs or arteries. These structures present a very complex composition whose core is composed of elastin surrounded by a microfibrils mantle. Elastogenesis is a tightly regulated process involving the sialidase activity of the Neuraminidase-1 (Neu-1) sub-unit of the Elastin Receptor Complex. Interestingly, Neu-1 subunit also serves as a sensor of elastin degradation via its ability to transmit elastin-derived peptides signaling. Finally, reports showing that neuraminidase activity is able to regulate TGF-β activation raises questions about a possible role for Neu-1 in elastic fibers remodeling. In this mini review, we develop the concept of the regulation of the whole life of elastic fibers through an original scope, the key role of Neu-1 sialidase enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar Bennasroune
- UMR CNRS 7369 MEDyC, SFR CAP-Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | | | - Sébastien Blaise
- UMR CNRS 7369 MEDyC, SFR CAP-Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Muriel Laffargue
- UMR INSERM 1048 I2MC, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Roman G Efremov
- M. M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Higher School of Economics, Myasnitskaya ul. 20, 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Laurent Martiny
- UMR CNRS 7369 MEDyC, SFR CAP-Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Pascal Maurice
- UMR CNRS 7369 MEDyC, SFR CAP-Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Laurent Duca
- UMR CNRS 7369 MEDyC, SFR CAP-Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.
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14
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Hedtke T, Schräder CU, Heinz A, Hoehenwarter W, Brinckmann J, Groth T, Schmelzer CEH. A comprehensive map of human elastin cross-linking during elastogenesis. FEBS J 2019; 286:3594-3610. [PMID: 31102572 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Elastin is an essential structural protein in the extracellular matrix of vertebrates. It is the core component of elastic fibers, which enable connective tissues such as those of the skin, lungs or blood vessels to stretch and recoil. This function is provided by elastin's exceptional properties, which mainly derive from a unique covalent cross-linking between hydrophilic lysine-rich motifs of units of the monomeric precursor tropoelastin. To date, elastin's cross-linking is poorly investigated. Here, we purified elastin from human tissue and cleaved it into soluble peptides using proteases with different specificities. We then analyzed elastin's molecular structure by identifying unmodified residues, post-translational modifications and cross-linked peptides by high-resolution mass spectrometry and amino acid analysis. The data revealed the presence of multiple isoforms in parallel and a complex and heterogeneous molecular interconnection. We discovered that the same lysine residues in different monomers were simultaneously involved in various cross-link types or remained unmodified. Furthermore, both types of cross-linking domains, Lys-Pro and Lys-Ala domains, participate not only in bifunctional inter- but also in intra-domain cross-links. We elucidated the sequences of several desmosine-containing peptides and the contribution of distinct domains such as 6, 14 and 25. In contrast to earlier assumptions proposing that desmosine cross-links are formed solely between two domains, we elucidated the structure of a peptide that proves a desmosine formation with participation of three Lys-Ala domains. In summary, these results provide new and detailed insights into the cross-linking process, which takes place within and between human tropoelastin units in a stochastic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Hedtke
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Christoph U Schräder
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Heinz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Hoehenwarter
- Proteome Analytics Research Group, Leibniz Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jürgen Brinckmann
- Institute of Virology and Cell Biology & Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Groth
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Christian E H Schmelzer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.,Institute of Applied Dermatopharmacy at the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (IADP), Germany
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15
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Tarakanova A, Ozsvar J, Weiss A, Buehler M. Coarse-grained model of tropoelastin self-assembly into nascent fibrils. Mater Today Bio 2019; 3:100016. [PMID: 32159149 PMCID: PMC7061556 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2019.100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Elastin is the dominant building block of elastic fibers that impart structural integrity and elasticity to a range of important tissues, including the lungs, blood vessels, and skin. The elastic fiber assembly process begins with a coacervation stage where tropoelastin monomers reversibly self-assemble into coacervate aggregates that consist of multiple molecules. In this paper, an atomistically based coarse-grained model of tropoelastin assembly is developed. Using the previously determined atomistic structure of tropoelastin, the precursor molecule to elastic fibers, as the basis for coarse-graining, the atomistic model is mapped to a MARTINI-based coarse-grained framework to account for chemical details of protein-protein interactions, coupled to an elastic network model to stabilize the structure. We find that self-assembly of monomers generates up to ∼70 nm of dense aggregates that are distinct at different temperatures, displaying high temperature sensitivity. Resulting assembled structures exhibit a combination of fibrillar and globular substructures within the bulk aggregates. The results suggest that the coalescence of tropoelastin assemblies into higher order structures may be reinforced in the initial stages of coacervation by directed assembly, supporting the experimentally observed presence of heterogeneous cross-linking. Self-assembly of tropoelastin is driven by interactions of specific hydrophobic domains and the reordering of water molecules in the system. Domain pair orientation analysis throughout the self-assembly process at different temperatures suggests coacervation is a driving force to orient domains for heterogeneous downstream cross-linking. The model provides a framework to characterize macromolecular self-assembly for elastin, and the formulation could easily be adapted to similar assembly systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Tarakanova
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - J. Ozsvar
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A.S. Weiss
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - M.J. Buehler
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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16
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Ozsvar J, Tarakanova A, Wang R, Buehler MJ, Weiss AS. Allysine modifications perturb tropoelastin structure and mobility on a local and global scale. Matrix Biol Plus 2019; 2:100002. [PMID: 33543005 PMCID: PMC7852328 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Elastin provides elastic tissues with resilience through stretch and recoil cycles, and is primarily made of its extensively cross-linked monomer, tropoelastin. Here, we leverage the recently published full atomistic model of tropoelastin to assess how allysine modifications, which are essential to cross-linking, contribute to the dynamics and structural changes that occur in tropoelastin in the context of elastin assembly. We used replica exchange molecular dynamics to generate structural ensembles of allysine containing tropoelastin. We conducted principal component analysis on these ensembles and found that the molecule departs from the canonical structural ensemble. Furthermore, we showed that, while the canonical scissors-twist movement was retained, new movements emerged that deviated from those of the wild type protein, providing evidence for the involvement of a variety of molecular motions in elastin assembly. Additionally, we highlighted secondary structural changes and linked these perturbations to the longevity of specific salt bridges. We propose a model where allysines in tropoelastin contribute to hierarchical elastin assembly through global and local perturbations to molecular structure and dynamics. converting lysine to allysine by lysyl oxidases is needed to generate crosslinks between tropoelastin molecules in order to make elastin structural changes in the intact tropoelastin molecule ensue where modified tropoelastin molecules structurally depart from the canonical ensemble new molecular motions deviate from those of unmodified tropoelastin persistence times of specific salt bridges contribute to these perturbations allysines in tropoelastin contribute to hierarchical elastin assembly through global and local perturbations to molecular structure and dynamics
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Key Words
- 5ALK, tropoelastin containing 5 allysine residues
- ALK353, tropoelastin containing allysine at residue 353
- ALK353, tropoelastin containing allysine at residue 507
- ALL, allysine aldol
- ANM, anisotropic network model
- Assembly
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- Elastin
- LNL, lysinonorleucine
- MD, molecular dynamics
- Molecular dynamics
- NMA, normal mode analysis
- PCA, principal component analysis
- REMD, replica exchange molecular dynamics
- RMSD, root mean square deviation
- Replica exchange molecular dynamics
- SASA, solvent accessible surface area
- WT, wild type tropoelastin
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazmin Ozsvar
- Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, 2006 Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, 2006 Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Cell Therapy Manufacturing Cooperative Research Centre, Adelaide, 5000, SA, Australia
| | - Anna Tarakanova
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Richard Wang
- Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, 2006 Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, 2006 Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Markus J Buehler
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Anthony S Weiss
- Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, 2006 Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, 2006 Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Cell Therapy Manufacturing Cooperative Research Centre, Adelaide, 5000, SA, Australia.,Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, 2006 Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, 2006 Sydney, NSW, Australia
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17
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Schmelzer CEH, Heinz A, Troilo H, Lockhart-Cairns MP, Jowitt TA, Marchand MF, Bidault L, Bignon M, Hedtke T, Barret A, McConnell JC, Sherratt MJ, Germain S, Hulmes DJS, Baldock C, Muller L. Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2)-mediated cross-linking of tropoelastin. FASEB J 2019; 33:5468-5481. [PMID: 30676771 PMCID: PMC6629125 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801860rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lysyl oxidases (LOXs) play a central role in extracellular matrix remodeling during development and tumor growth and fibrosis through cross-linking of collagens and elastin. We have limited knowledge of the structure and substrate specificity of these secreted enzymes. LOXs share a conserved C-terminal catalytic domain but differ in their N-terminal region, which is composed of 4 repeats of scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domains in LOX-like (LOXL) 2. We investigated by X-ray scattering and electron microscopy the low-resolution structure of the full-length enzyme and the structure of a shorter form lacking the catalytic domain. Our data demonstrate that LOXL2 has a rod-like structure with a stalk composed of the SRCR domains and the catalytic domain at its tip. We detected direct interaction between LOXL2 and tropoelastin (TE) and also LOXL2-mediated deamination of TE. Using proteomics, we identified several allysines together with cross-linked TE peptides. The elastin-like material generated was resistant to trypsin proteolysis and displayed mechanical properties similar to mature elastin. Finally, we detected the codistribution of LOXL2 and elastin in the vascular wall. Altogether, these data suggest that LOXL2 could participate in elastogenesis in vivo and could be used as a means of cross-linking TE in vitro for biomimetic and cell-compatible tissue engineering purposes.-Schmelzer, C. E. H., Heinz, A., Troilo, H., Lockhart-Cairns, M.-P., Jowitt, T. A., Marchand, M. F., Bidault, L., Bignon, M., Hedtke, T., Barret, A., McConnell, J. C., Sherratt, M. J., Germain, S., Hulmes, D. J. S., Baldock, C., Muller, L. Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2)-mediated cross-linking of tropoelastin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian E H Schmelzer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems (IMWS), Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Andrea Heinz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helen Troilo
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P Lockhart-Cairns
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas A Jowitt
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Marion F Marchand
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Collège Doctoral, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Bidault
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Marine Bignon
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Tobias Hedtke
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems (IMWS), Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Alain Barret
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - James C McConnell
- Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Sherratt
- Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Stéphane Germain
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - David J S Hulmes
- UMR 5305, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique (LBTI), Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Clair Baldock
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Laurent Muller
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France
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18
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Schräder CU, Heinz A, Majovsky P, Karaman Mayack B, Brinckmann J, Sippl W, Schmelzer CEH. Elastin is heterogeneously cross-linked. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:15107-15119. [PMID: 30108173 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Elastin is an essential vertebrate protein responsible for the elasticity of force-bearing tissues such as those of the lungs, blood vessels, and skin. One of the key features required for the exceptional properties of this durable biopolymer is the extensive covalent cross-linking between domains of its monomer molecule tropoelastin. To date, elastin's exact molecular assembly and mechanical properties are poorly understood. Here, using bovine elastin, we investigated the different types of cross-links in mature elastin to gain insight into its structure. We purified and proteolytically cleaved elastin from a single tissue sample into soluble cross-linked and noncross-linked peptides that we studied by high-resolution MS. This analysis enabled the elucidation of cross-links and other elastin modifications. We found that the lysine residues within the tropoelastin sequence were simultaneously unmodified and involved in various types of cross-links with different other domains. The Lys-Pro domains were almost exclusively linked via lysinonorleucine, whereas Lys-Ala domains were found to be cross-linked via lysinonorleucine, allysine aldol, and desmosine. Unexpectedly, we identified a high number of intramolecular cross-links between lysine residues in close proximity. In summary, we show on the molecular level that elastin formation involves random cross-linking of tropoelastin monomers resulting in an unordered network, an unexpected finding compared with previous assumptions of an overall beaded structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph U Schräder
- From the Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Andrea Heinz
- From the Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany.,the Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Petra Majovsky
- the Proteome Analytics Research Group, Leibniz Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Berin Karaman Mayack
- From the Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Jürgen Brinckmann
- the Institute of Virology and Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23538, Germany, and
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- From the Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Christian E H Schmelzer
- From the Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany, .,the Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
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19
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Rodríguez-Cabello JC, González de Torre I, Ibañez-Fonseca A, Alonso M. Bioactive scaffolds based on elastin-like materials for wound healing. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 129:118-133. [PMID: 29551651 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex process that, in healthy tissues, starts immediately after the injury. Even though it is a natural well-orchestrated process, large trauma wounds, or injuries caused by acids or other chemicals, usually produce a non-elastic deformed tissue that not only have biological reduced properties but a clear aesthetic effect. One of the main drawbacks of the scaffolds used for wound dressing is the lack of elasticity, driving to non-elastic and contracted tissues. In the last decades, elastin based materials have gained in importance as biomaterials for tissue engineering applications due to their good cyto- and bio-compatibility, their ease handling and design, production and modification. Synthetic elastin or elastin like-peptides (ELPs) are the two main families of biomaterials that try to mimic the outstanding properties of natural elastin, elasticity amongst others; although there are no in vivo studies that clearly support that these two families of elastin based materials improve the elasticity of the artificial scaffolds and of the regenerated skin. Within the next pages a review of the different forms (coacervates, fibres, hydrogels and biofunctionalized surfaces) in which these two families of biomaterials can be processed to be applied in the wound healing field have been done. Here, we explore the mechanical and biological properties of these scaffolds as well as the different in vivo approaches in which these scaffolds have been used.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Carlos Rodríguez-Cabello
- BIOFORGE, CIBER-BBN, Edificio Lucia, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 19, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; G.I.R. BIOFORGE, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 19, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - I González de Torre
- BIOFORGE, CIBER-BBN, Edificio Lucia, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 19, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; G.I.R. BIOFORGE, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 9 A, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - A Ibañez-Fonseca
- BIOFORGE, CIBER-BBN, Edificio Lucia, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 19, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; G.I.R. BIOFORGE, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 9 A, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - M Alonso
- BIOFORGE, CIBER-BBN, Edificio Lucia, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 19, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; G.I.R. BIOFORGE, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 19, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
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20
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Maes E, Dyer JM, McKerchar HJ, Deb-Choudhury S, Clerens S. Protein-protein cross-linking and human health: the challenge of elucidating with mass spectrometry. Expert Rev Proteomics 2017; 14:917-929. [PMID: 28759730 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2017.1362336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In several biomedical research fields, the cross-linking of peptides and proteins has an important impact on health and wellbeing. It is therefore of crucial importance to study this class of post-translational modifications in detail. The huge potential of mass spectrometric technologies in the mapping of these protein-protein cross-links is however overshadowed by the challenges that the field has to overcome. Areas covered: In this review, we summarize the different pitfalls and challenges that the protein-protein cross-linking field is confronted with when using mass spectrometry approaches. We additionally focus on native disulfide bridges as an example and provide some examples of cross-links that are important in the biomedical field. Expert commentary: The current flow of methodological improvements, mainly from the chemical cross-linking field, has delivered a significant contribution to deciphering native and insult-induced cross-links. Although an automated data analysis of proteome-wide peptide cross-linking is currently only possible in chemical cross-linking experiments, the field is well on the way towards a more automated analysis of native and insult-induced cross-links in raw mass spectrometry data that will boost its potential in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyne Maes
- a Food & Bio-Based Products, AgResearch Ltd ., Lincoln , New Zealand
| | - Jolon M Dyer
- a Food & Bio-Based Products, AgResearch Ltd ., Lincoln , New Zealand.,b Biomolecular Interaction Centre , University of Canterbury , Christchurch , New Zealand.,c Riddet Institute, Massey University , Palmerston North , New Zealand.,d Wine, Food & Molecular Biosciences , Lincoln University , Lincoln , New Zealand
| | - Hannah J McKerchar
- a Food & Bio-Based Products, AgResearch Ltd ., Lincoln , New Zealand.,b Biomolecular Interaction Centre , University of Canterbury , Christchurch , New Zealand
| | | | - Stefan Clerens
- a Food & Bio-Based Products, AgResearch Ltd ., Lincoln , New Zealand.,b Biomolecular Interaction Centre , University of Canterbury , Christchurch , New Zealand
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21
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Ashraf Kharaz Y, Zamboulis D, Sanders K, Comerford E, Clegg P, Peffers M. Comparison between chaotropic and detergent-based sample preparation workflow in tendon for mass spectrometry analysis. Proteomics 2017; 17:1700018. [PMID: 28547889 PMCID: PMC5575552 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the tendon proteome is a challenging but important task for understanding the mechanisms of physiological/pathological processes during ageing and disease and for the development of new treatments. Several extraction methods have been utilised for tendon mass spectrometry, however different extraction methods have not been simultaneously compared. In the present study we compared protein extraction in tendon with two chaotropic agents, guanidine hydrochloride (GnHCl) and urea, a detergent, RapiGest™, and their combinations for shotgun mass spectrometry. An initial proteomic analysis was performed following urea, GnHCl, and RapiGest™ extraction of equine superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) tissue. Subsequently, another proteomic analysis was performed following extraction with GnHCl, Rapigest™, and their combinations. Between the two chaotropic agents, GnHCl extracted more proteins, whilst a greater number of proteins were solely identified after Rapigest™ extraction. Protein extraction with a combination of GnHCl followed by RapiGest™ on the insoluble pellet demonstrated, after label-free quantification, increased abundance of identified collagen proteins and low sample to sample variability. In contrast, GnHCl extraction on its own showed increased abundance of identified proteoglycans and cellular proteins. Therefore, the selection of protein extraction method for tendon tissue for mass spectrometry analysis should reflect the focus of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalda Ashraf Kharaz
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Danae Zamboulis
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Karen Sanders
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Eithne Comerford
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Peter Clegg
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
- The MRC‐Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA)LiverpoolUK
| | - Mandy Peffers
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
- The MRC‐Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA)LiverpoolUK
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22
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Condon JE, Martin TB, Jayaraman A. Effect of conjugation on phase transitions in thermoresponsive polymers: an atomistic and coarse-grained simulation study. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:2907-2918. [PMID: 28217775 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm02874h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Using atomistic and coarse-grained molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we explain the shifts in lower critical solution temperature (LCST)-like phase transitions exhibited by elastin-like peptides (ELPs) upon conjugation to other macromolecules (e.g. collagen-like peptides or CLPs). First, using atomistic simulations, we study ELP oligomers with the sequence (VPGFG)6 in explicit water, and characterize the LCST-like transition temperature as one at which the ELP oligomers undergo a change in "hydration state". In agreement with past experimental observations of Luo and Kiick, upon anchoring ELP oligomers to a point to mimic ELP oligomers conjugated to another macromolecule, there is an apparent slight shift in the transition temperature to lower values compared to free (unconjugated) ELP oligomers. However, these atomistic simulations are limited to small systems of short ELPs, and as such do not capture the multiple chain aggregation/phase separation observed in experiments of ELPs. Therefore, we utilize phenomenological coarse-grained (CG) MD simulations to probe how conjugating a block of generic-LCST polymer to another rigid unresponsive macromolecular block impacts the transition temperatures at concentrations and length scales larger than atomistic simulations. We find that when multiple LCST polymer chains are conjugated to a rigid unresponsive polymer block, the increased local crowding of the LCST polymers shifts the transition marked by onset of chain aggregation to smaller effective polymer-polymer attraction energies compared to the free LCST polymer chains. The driving force needed for aggregation is reduced in the conjugates compared to free LCST polymer due to reduction in the loss of polymer configurational entropy upon aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua E Condon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Colburn Laboratory, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19711, USA.
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23
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Yang RQ, Mao H, Huang LY, Su PZ, Lu M. Effects of hydrotalcite combined with esomeprazole on gastric ulcer healing quality: A clinical observation study. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:1268-1277. [PMID: 28275307 PMCID: PMC5323452 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i7.1268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effects of hydrotalcite combined with esomeprazole on gastric ulcer healing quality.
METHODS Forty-eight patients diagnosed with gastric ulcer between June 2014 and February 2016 were randomly allocated to the combination therapy group or monotherapy group. The former received hydrotalcite combined with esomeprazole, and the latter received esomeprazole alone, for 8 wk. Twenty-four healthy volunteers were recruited and acted as the healthy control group. Endoscopic ulcer healing was observed using white light endoscopy and narrow band imaging magnifying endoscopy. The composition of collagen fibers, amount of collagen deposition, expression of factor VIII and TGF-β1, and hydroxyproline content were analyzed by Masson staining, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescent imaging and ELISA.
RESULTS Following treatment, changes in the gastric microvascular network were statistically different between the combination therapy group and the monotherapy group (P < 0.05). There were significant differences (P < 0.05) in collagen deposition, expression level of Factor VIII and TGF-β1, and hydroxyproline content in the two treatment groups compared with the healthy control group. These parameters in the combination therapy group were significantly higher than in the monotherapy group (P < 0.05). The ratio of collagen I to collagen III was statistically different among the three groups, and was significantly higher in the combination therapy group than in the monotherapy group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION Hydrotalcite combined with esomeprazole is superior to esomeprazole alone in improving gastric ulcer healing quality in terms of improving microvascular morphology, degree of structure maturity and function of regenerated mucosa.
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Schmelzer CE, Nagel MB, Dziomba S, Merkher Y, Sivan SS, Heinz A. Prolyl hydroxylation in elastin is not random. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:2169-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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25
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Mora Huertas AC, Schmelzer CEH, Hoehenwarter W, Heyroth F, Heinz A. Molecular-level insights into aging processes of skin elastin. Biochimie 2016; 128-129:163-73. [PMID: 27569260 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Skin aging is characterized by different features including wrinkling, atrophy of the dermis and loss of elasticity associated with damage to the extracellular matrix protein elastin. The aim of this study was to investigate the aging process of skin elastin at the molecular level by evaluating the influence of intrinsic (chronological aging) and extrinsic factors (sun exposure) on the morphology and susceptibility of elastin towards enzymatic degradation. Elastin was isolated from biopsies derived from sun-protected or sun-exposed skin of differently aged individuals. The morphology of the elastin fibers was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Mass spectrometric analysis and label-free quantification allowed identifying differences in the cleavage patterns of the elastin samples after enzymatic digestion. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis were used to visualize differences between the samples and to determine the contribution of extrinsic and intrinsic aging to the proteolytic susceptibility of elastin. Moreover, the release of potentially bioactive peptides was studied. Skin aging is associated with the decomposition of elastin fibers, which is more pronounced in sun-exposed tissue. Marker peptides were identified, which showed an age-related increase or decrease in their abundances and provide insights into the progression of the aging process of elastin fibers. Strong age-related cleavage occurs in hydrophobic tropoelastin domains 18, 20, 24 and 26. Photoaging makes the N-terminal and central parts of the tropoelastin molecules more susceptible towards enzymatic cleavage and, hence, accelerates the age-related degradation of elastin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela C Mora Huertas
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christian E H Schmelzer
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | - Frank Heyroth
- Interdisciplinary Center of Material Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Andrea Heinz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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26
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Heinz A, Huertas ACM, Schräder CU, Pankau R, Gosch A, Schmelzer CEH. Elastins from patients with Williams-Beuren syndrome and healthy individuals differ on the molecular level. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:1832-42. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Heinz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Institute of Pharmacy; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Angela C. Mora Huertas
- Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Institute of Pharmacy; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Christoph U. Schräder
- Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Institute of Pharmacy; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Rainer Pankau
- Finkelstein-Klinik für Kinder-und Jugendmedizin; Heidekreis-Klinikum; Walsrode Germany
| | - Angela Gosch
- Fakultät für angewandte Sozialwissenschaften FK 11; Hochschule München; München Germany
| | - Christian E. H. Schmelzer
- Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Institute of Pharmacy; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Halle (Saale) Germany
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Anatomical heterogeneity of tendon: Fascicular and interfascicular tendon compartments have distinct proteomic composition. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20455. [PMID: 26842662 PMCID: PMC4740843 DOI: 10.1038/srep20455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendon is a simple aligned fibre composite, consisting of collagen-rich fascicles surrounded by a softer interfascicular matrix (IFM). The composition and interactions between these material phases are fundamental in ensuring tissue mechanics meet functional requirements. However the IFM is poorly defined, therefore tendon structure-function relationships are incompletely understood. We hypothesised that the IFM has a more complex proteome, with faster turnover than the fascicular matrix (FM). Using laser-capture microdissection and mass spectrometry, we demonstrate that the IFM contains more proteins, and that many proteins show differential abundance between matrix phases. The IFM contained more protein fragments (neopeptides), indicating greater matrix degradation in this compartment, which may act to maintain healthy tendon structure. Protein abundance did not alter with ageing, but neopeptide numbers decreased in the aged IFM, indicating decreased turnover which may contribute to age-related tendon injury. These data provide important insights into how differences in tendon composition and turnover contribute to tendon structure-function relationships and the effects of ageing.
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