1
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Lapa HM, Martins LMDRS. Toluene Oxidation: CO 2 vs Benzaldehyde: Current Status and Future Perspectives. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:26780-26804. [PMID: 38947821 PMCID: PMC11209706 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Toluene is a common and significant volatile organic compound (VOC). Although it finds extensive application in various industrial processes (chemical manufacturing, paint and adhesive production, and as a solvent), it creates a huge environmental impact when emitted freely into the atmosphere. Two solutions were found to mitigate the emission of this pollutant: the total oxidation to CO2 and H2O and the selective oxidation into benzaldehyde. This review discusses the two main alternatives for tackling this problem: converting the toluene into carbon dioxide by total oxidation or into benzaldehyde by selective oxidation. It presents new catalytic advances, new trends, and the advantages and disadvantages of both methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo M. Lapa
- Centro
de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto
Superior Técnico, Universidade de
Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Departamento
de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Departamento
de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de
Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de
Lisboa, 1059-007 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luísa M. D. R. S. Martins
- Centro
de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto
Superior Técnico, Universidade de
Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Departamento
de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
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2
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Syntheses, structural characterizations, and catalytic activities of manganese(II)-aroylhydrazone complexes. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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3
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Middya P, Ghosh S, Chattopadhyay S. Synthesis and characterization of cobalt and iron complexes with di-azine ligands based on salicylaldehyde or its derivatives: A review. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.116036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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4
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Rajeev A, Balamurugan M, Sankaralingam M. Rational Design of First-Row Transition Metal Complexes as the Catalysts for Oxidation of Arenes: A Homogeneous Approach. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Rajeev
- Bioinspired & Biomimetic Inorganic Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, Kerala 673601, India
| | - Mani Balamurugan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Muniyandi Sankaralingam
- Bioinspired & Biomimetic Inorganic Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, Kerala 673601, India
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5
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Bera S, Majumder S, Chattopadhyay S. A comprehensive overview on the synthesis and characterization of nickel, copper and hetero-nuclear copper/lanthanoid and nickel/lanthanoid complexes with salicylaldehyde-based azine ligands. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.116068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Nandi S, Mondal S, Jana R. Chemo- and regioselective benzylic C(sp3)–H oxidation bridging the gap between hetero- and homogeneous copper catalysis. iScience 2022; 25:104341. [PMID: 35602936 PMCID: PMC9118691 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective C‒H functionalization in a pool of proximal C‒H bonds, predictably altering their innate reactivity is a daunting challenge. We disclose here, an expedient synthesis of privileged seven-membered lactones, dibenzo[c,e]oxepin-5(7H)-one through a highly chemoselective benzylic C(sp3)‒H activation. Remarkably, the formation of widely explored six-membered lactone via C(sp2)‒H activation is suppressed under the present conditions. The reaction proceeds smoothly on use of inexpensive metallic copper catalyst and di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP). Owing to the hazards of stoichiometric DTBP, further, we have developed a sustainable metallic copper/rose bengal dual catalytic system coupled with molecular oxygen replacing DTBP. A 1,5-aryl migration through Smiles rearrangement was realized from the corresponding diaryl ether substrates instead of expected eight-membered lactones. The present methodology is scalable, applied to the total synthesis of cytotoxic and neuroprotective natural product alterlactone. The catalyst is recyclable and the reaction can be performed in a copper bottle without any added catalyst. Catalytic strategy for chemo- and regioselective benzylic C–H activation Bulk copper catalysis merging with photocatalysis Reusable copper catalyst Reaction demonstrated in commercial copper bottle without external catalyst
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Nandi
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Shuvam Mondal
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Ranjan Jana
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
- Corresponding author
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7
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Synthetic strategies and structures of zinc(II) complexes with di-azine ligands based on salicylaldehyde or its derivatives. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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8
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Sutradhar M, Andrade MA, Carabineiro SAC, Martins LMDRS, Guedes da Silva MDFC, Pombeiro AJL. Oxido- and Dioxido-Vanadium(V) Complexes Supported on Carbon Materials: Reusable Catalysts for the Oxidation of Cyclohexane. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1456. [PMID: 34072796 PMCID: PMC8230237 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Oxidovanadium(V) and dioxidovanadium(V) compounds, [VO(OEt)L] (1) and [Et3NH][VO2L] (2), were synthesized using an aroylhydrazone Schiff base (5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide (H2L). They were characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), (1H and 51V) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Both complexes were immobilized on functionalized carbon nanotubes and activated carbon. The catalytic performances of 1 and 2, homogenous and anchored on the supports, were evaluated for the first time towards the MW-assisted peroxidative oxidation (with tert-butylhydroperoxide, TBHP) of cyclohexane under heterogeneous conditions. The immobilization of 1 and 2 on functionalized carbon materials improved the efficiency of catalytic oxidation and allowed the catalyst recyclability with a well-preserved catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Sutradhar
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.A.A.); (M.d.F.C.G.d.S.); (A.J.L.P.)
| | - Marta A. Andrade
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.A.A.); (M.d.F.C.G.d.S.); (A.J.L.P.)
| | - Sónia A. C. Carabineiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.A.A.); (M.d.F.C.G.d.S.); (A.J.L.P.)
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LCM), Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Largo da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Luísa M. D. R. S. Martins
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.A.A.); (M.d.F.C.G.d.S.); (A.J.L.P.)
| | - Maria de Fátima C. Guedes da Silva
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.A.A.); (M.d.F.C.G.d.S.); (A.J.L.P.)
| | - Armando J. L. Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.A.A.); (M.d.F.C.G.d.S.); (A.J.L.P.)
- Research Institute of Chemistry, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia
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Sutradhar M, Alegria EC, Barman TR, Lapa HM, Guedes da Silva MFC, Pombeiro AJ. Catalytic oxidation of a model volatile organic compound (toluene) with tetranuclear Cu(II) complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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10
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Fe(III) Complexes in Cyclohexane Oxidation: Comparison of Catalytic Activities under Different Energy Stimuli. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10101175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the mononuclear Fe(III) complex [Fe(HL)(NO3)(H2O)2]NO3 (1) derived from Nʹ-acetylpyrazine-2-carbohydrazide (H2L) was synthesized and characterized by several physicochemical methods, e.g., elemental analysis, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The catalytic performances of 1 and the previously reported complexes [Fe(HL)Cl2] (2) and [Fe(HL)Cl(μ-OMe)]2 (3) towards the peroxidative oxidation of cyclohexane under three different energy stimuli (microwave irradiation, ultrasound, and conventional heating) were compared. 1-3 displayed homogeneous catalytic activity, leading to the formation of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone as final products, with a high selectivity for the alcohol (up to 95%). Complex 1 exhibited the highest catalytic activity, with a total product yield of 38% (cyclohexanol + cyclohexanone) under optimized microwave-assisted conditions.
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11
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Kouzoudis D, Baimpos T, Samourgkanidis G. A New Method for the Measurement of the Diffusion Coefficient of Adsorbed Vapors in Thin Zeolite Films, Based on Magnetoelastic Sensors. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20113251. [PMID: 32517344 PMCID: PMC7309032 DOI: 10.3390/s20113251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the current work an experimental method is used in order to calculate the diffusivity D (diffusion coefficient) of various vapors in thin zeolite films. The method is based on adsorption data from magnetoelastic sensors on top of which a zeolite layer was synthesized, and the diffusivity is extracted by fitting the data to Fick’s laws of diffusion. In particular, the method is demonstrated for two volatile organic compound (VOC) vapors on two different zeolites, the p-Xylene adsorption in Faujasite type zeolite with D=1.89×10−13 m2/s at 120 °C and the propene adsorption in Linde Type A type zeolite with D=5.9×10−14 m2/s at 80 °C, two diffusion coefficients which are extracted experimentally for first time. Our results are within the order of magnitude of other VOC/zeolite values reported in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Kouzoudis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, GR 26504 Patras, Greece;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2610-996880
| | - Theodoros Baimpos
- National Observatory of Athens, Lofos Koufou, P. Pendeli, GR-15236 Athens, Greece;
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Kuriakose D, Prathapachandra Kurup M. Supramolecular frameworks formed via hydrogen bonding and non-covalent interactions and interaction energy calculations of solvent coordinated cis-dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes derived from ONO donor aroylhydrazone: Cytotoxicity studies. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Sutradhar M, Roy Barman T, Pombeiro AJL, Martins LMDRS. Aroylhydrazone Schiff Base Derived Cu(II) and V(V) Complexes: Efficient Catalysts towards Neat Microwave-Assisted Oxidation of Alcohols. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2832. [PMID: 32325701 PMCID: PMC7215666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A new hexa-nuclear Cu(II) complex [Cu3(μ2-1κNO2,2κNO2-L)(μ-Cl)2(Cl)(MeOH)(DMF)2]2 (1), where H4L = N'1,N'2-bis(2-hydroxybenzylidene)oxalohydrazide, was synthesized and fully characterized by IR spectroscopy, ESI-MS, elemental analysis, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 and the dinuclear oxidovanadium(V) one [{VO(OEt)(EtOH)}2(1κNO2,2κNO2-L)]·2H2O (2) were used as catalyst precursors for the neat oxidation of primary (cinnamyl alcohol) and secondary (1-phenyl ethanol, benzhydrol) benzyl alcohols and of the secondary aliphatic alcohol cyclohexanol, under microwave irradiation using tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as oxidant. Oxidations proceed via radical mechanisms. The copper(II) compound 1 exhibited higher catalytic activity than the vanadium(V) complex 2 for all the tested alcohol substrates. The highest conversion was found for 1-phenylethanol, yielding 95.3% of acetophenone in the presence of 1 and in solvent and promoter-free conditions. This new Cu(II) complex was found to exhibit higher activity under milder reaction conditions than the reported aroylhydrazone Cu(II) analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Sutradhar
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.R.B.); (A.J.L.P.)
| | | | | | - Luísa M. D. R. S. Martins
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.R.B.); (A.J.L.P.)
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14
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Sutradhar M, Alegria ECBA, Barman TR, Guedes da Silva MFC, Liu CM, Pombeiro AJL. 1D Copper(II)-Aroylhydrazone Coordination Polymers: Magnetic Properties and Microwave Assisted Oxidation of a Secondary Alcohol. Front Chem 2020; 8:157. [PMID: 32211380 PMCID: PMC7069101 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The 1D Cu(II) coordination polymers [Cu3(L1)(NO3)4(H2O)2]n (1) and [Cu2(H2L2)(NO3)(H2O)2]n(NO3)n (2) have been synthesized using the aroylhyrazone Schiff bases N'1,N'2-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)oxalohydrazide (H2L1) and N'1,N'3-bis(2-hydroxybenzylidene)malonohydrazide (H4L2), respectively. They have been characterized by elemental analysis, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), single crystal X-ray diffraction and variable temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements (for 2). The ligand (L1)2− coordinates in the iminol form in 1, whereas the amide coordination is observed for (H2L2)2− in 2. Either the ligand bridge or the nitrate bridge in 2 mediates weak antiferromagnetic coupling. The catalytic performance of 1 and 2 has been investigated toward the solvent-free microwave-assisted oxidation of a secondary alcohol (1-phenylethanol used as model substrate). At 120°C and in the presence of the nitroxyl radical 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperydil-1-oxyl (TEMPO), the complete conversion of 1-phenylethanol into acetophenone occurs with TOFs up to 1,200 h−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Sutradhar
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Elisabete C B A Alegria
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Área Departamental de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tannistha Roy Barman
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Cai-Ming Liu
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Armando J L Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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15
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Recent Advances in Copper Catalyzed Alcohol Oxidation in Homogeneous Medium. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030748. [PMID: 32050493 PMCID: PMC7037375 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of sustainable processes and products through innovative catalytic materials and procedures that allow a better use of resources is undoubtedly one of the most significant issues facing researchers nowadays. Environmental and economically advanced catalytic processes for selective oxidation of alcohols are currently focused on designing new catalysts able to activate green oxidants (dioxygen or peroxides) and applying unconventional conditions of sustainable significance, like the use of microwave irradiation as an alternative energy source. This short review aims to provide an overview of the recently (2015–2020) discovered homogeneous aerobic and peroxidative oxidations of primary and secondary alcohols catalyzed by copper complexes, highlighting new catalysts with potential application in sustainable organic synthesis, with significance in academia and industry.
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16
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Soliman MMA, Kopylovich MN, Alegria ECBA, Ribeiro APC, M. Ferraria A, M. Botelho do Rego A, Correia LMM, Saraiva MS, Pombeiro AJL. Ultrasound and Radiation-Induced Catalytic Oxidation of 1-Phenylethanol to Acetophenone with Iron-Containing Particulate Catalysts. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030740. [PMID: 32046303 PMCID: PMC7038031 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron-containing particulate catalysts of 0.1–1 µm size were prepared by wet and ball-milling procedures from common salts and characterized by FTIR, TGA, UV-Vis, PXRD, FEG-SEM, and XPS analyses. It was found that when the wet method was used, semi-spherical magnetic nanoparticles were formed, whereas the mechanochemical method resulted in the formation of nonmagnetic microscale needles and rectangles. Catalytic activity of the prepared materials in the oxidation of 1-phenylethanol to acetophenone was assessed under conventional heating, microwave (MW) irradiation, ultrasound (US), and oscillating magnetic field of high frequency (induction heating). In general, the catalysts obtained by wet methods exhibit lower activities, whereas the materials prepared by ball milling afford better acetophenone yields (up to 83%). A significant increase in yield (up to 4 times) was observed under the induction heating if compared to conventional heating. The study demonstrated that MW, US irradiations, and induction heating may have great potential as alternative ways to activate the catalytic system for alcohol oxidation. The possibility of the synthesized material to be magnetically recoverable has been also verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. A. Soliman
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.M.A.S.); (A.J.L.P.)
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Maximilian N. Kopylovich
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.M.A.S.); (A.J.L.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.N.K.); (E.C.B.A.A.); (A.P.C.R.); Tel.: +351-218-317-163 (E.C.B.A.A.)
| | - Elisabete C. B. A. Alegria
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.M.A.S.); (A.J.L.P.)
- Área Departamental de Engenharia Química, ISEL, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (M.N.K.); (E.C.B.A.A.); (A.P.C.R.); Tel.: +351-218-317-163 (E.C.B.A.A.)
| | - Ana P. C. Ribeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.M.A.S.); (A.J.L.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.N.K.); (E.C.B.A.A.); (A.P.C.R.); Tel.: +351-218-317-163 (E.C.B.A.A.)
| | - Ana M. Ferraria
- BSIRG, IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.M.F.); (A.M.B.d.R.)
| | - Ana M. Botelho do Rego
- BSIRG, IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.M.F.); (A.M.B.d.R.)
| | - Luís M. M. Correia
- Área Departamental de Engenharia Química, ISEL, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Marta S. Saraiva
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
- BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Armando J. L. Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.M.A.S.); (A.J.L.P.)
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Pakrieva E, P. C. Ribeiro A, Kolobova E, M. D. R. S. Martins L, A. C. Carabineiro S, German D, Pichugina D, Jiang C, J. L. Pombeiro A, Bogdanchikova N, Cortés Corberán V, Pestryakov A. Supported Gold Nanoparticles as Catalysts in Peroxidative and Aerobic Oxidation of 1-Phenylethanol under Mild Conditions. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10010151. [PMID: 31952186 PMCID: PMC7023489 DOI: 10.3390/nano10010151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The efficiency of Au/TiO2 based catalysts in 1-phenylethanol oxidation was investigated. The role of support modifiers (La2O3 or CeO2), influence of gold loading (0.5% or 4%) and redox pretreatment atmosphere, catalyst recyclability, effect of oxidant: tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) or O2, as well as the optimization of experimental parameters of the reaction conditions in the oxidation of this alcohol were studied and compared with previous studies on 1-octanol oxidation. Samples were characterized by temperature-programmed oxygen desorption (O2-TPD) method. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements were carried out for used catalysts to find out the reason for deactivation in 1-phenylethanol oxidation. The best catalytic characteristics were shown by catalysts modified with La2O3, regardless of the alcohol and the type of oxidant. When O2 was used, the catalysts with 0.5% Au, after oxidative pretreatment, showed the highest activity in both reactions. The most active catalysts in 1-phenylethanol oxidation with TBHP were those with 4% Au and the H2 treatment, while under the same reaction conditions, 0.5% Au and O2 treatment were beneficial in 1-octanol oxidation. Despite the different chemical nature of the substrates, it seems likely that Au+(Auδ+) act as the active sites in both oxidative reactions. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations confirmed that the gold cationic sites play an essential role in 1-phenylethanol adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Pakrieva
- Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Av. 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (E.K.); (D.G.); (A.P.)
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.P.C.R.); (L.M.D.R.S.M.); (A.J.L.P.)
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (E.P.); (S.A.C.C.)
| | - Ana P. C. Ribeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.P.C.R.); (L.M.D.R.S.M.); (A.J.L.P.)
| | - Ekaterina Kolobova
- Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Av. 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (E.K.); (D.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Luísa M. D. R. S. Martins
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.P.C.R.); (L.M.D.R.S.M.); (A.J.L.P.)
| | - Sónia A. C. Carabineiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.P.C.R.); (L.M.D.R.S.M.); (A.J.L.P.)
- Correspondence: (E.P.); (S.A.C.C.)
| | - Dmitrii German
- Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Av. 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (E.K.); (D.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Daria Pichugina
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskiye Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.P.); (C.J.)
| | - Ce Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskiye Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.P.); (C.J.)
| | - Armando J. L. Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.P.C.R.); (L.M.D.R.S.M.); (A.J.L.P.)
| | - Nina Bogdanchikova
- Centro de Nanocienciasy Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada 22800, Mexico;
| | - Vicente Cortés Corberán
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Alexey Pestryakov
- Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Av. 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (E.K.); (D.G.); (A.P.)
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Sutradhar M, Roy Barman T, Alegria ECBA, Lapa HM, Guedes da Silva MFC, Pombeiro AJL. Cd( ii) coordination compounds as heterogeneous catalysts for microwave-assisted peroxidative oxidation of toluene and 1-phenylethanol. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01408g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cd(ii) compounds as catalysts towards microwave assisted peroxidative oxidation (with tert-butylhydroperoxide, TBHP) of toluene and 1-phenylethanol under heterogeneous conditions are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Sutradhar
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - Tannistha Roy Barman
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | | | - Hugo M. Lapa
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | | | - Armando J. L. Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
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19
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Cu(II) and Fe(III) Complexes Derived from N-Acetylpyrazine-2-Carbohydrazide as Efficient Catalysts Towards Neat Microwave Assisted Oxidation of Alcohols. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9121053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The mononuclear Cu(II) complex [Cu((kNN′O-HL)(H2O)2] (1) was synthesized using N-acetylpyrazine-2-carbohydrazide (H2L) and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, ESI-MS and single crystal X-ray crystallography. Two Fe(III) complexes derived from the same ligand viz, mononuclear [Fe((kNN′O-HL)Cl2] (2) and the binuclear [Fe(kNN′O-HL)Cl(μ-OMe)]2 (3) (synthesized as reported earlier), were also used in this study. The catalytic activity of these three complexes (1–3) was examined towards the oxidation of alcohols using tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as oxidising agent under solvent-free microwave irradiation conditions. Primary and secondary benzyl alcohols (benzyl alcohol and 1-phenylethanol), and secondary aliphatic alcohols (cyclohexanol) were used as model substrates for this study. A comparison of their catalytic efficiency was performed. Complex 1 exhibited the highest activity in the presence of TEMPO as promoter for the oxidation of 1-phenylethanol with a maximum yield of 91.3% of acetophenone.
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Sutradhar M, Roy Barman T, Alegria ECBA, Guedes da Silva MFC, Liu CM, Kou HZ, Pombeiro AJL. Cu(ii) complexes of N-rich aroylhydrazone: magnetism and catalytic activity towards microwave-assisted oxidation of xylenes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:12839-12849. [PMID: 31334728 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02196e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The new aroylhydrazone N'-(di(pyridin-2-yl)methylene)pyrazine-2-carbohydrazide (HL) species, rich in N-donor sites, has been used to synthesize Cu(ii) compounds with different nuclearities, viz. the binuclear [Cu2(μ-1κN3,2κN2O-L)(Cl)3(MeOH)] (1), the octanuclear [Cu4(μ-1κN3,2κN2O-L)2(μ-Cl)3(Cl)3]2 (2) and the 1D coordination polymer [Cu3(μ3-1κN3,2κN2O,3κN-L)(μ-NO3)(NO3)3(H2O)3]n·nNO3 (3). They have been characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The magnetic properties of 2 and 3 have been explored using variable temperature magnetic measurements. The catalytic performances of the compounds were evaluated towards the peroxidative oxidation of o-, p- and m-xylenes under microwave irradiation, leading to the formation of the corresponding methyl benzyl alcohol, tolualdehyde and toluic acid as the major products. Complex 3 exhibits the best catalytic activity towards the oxidation of p-xylene with a total yield of 37% (4-methylbenzyl alcohol + p-tolualdehyde + p-toluic acid).
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Sutradhar
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Tannistha Roy Barman
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Elisabete C B A Alegria
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal. and Chemical Engineering Departament, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro, 1, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Fátima C Guedes da Silva
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Cai-Ming Liu
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Hui-Zhong Kou
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Armando J L Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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21
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Bo L, Sun S. Microwave-assisted catalytic oxidation of gaseous toluene with a Cu-Mn-Ce/cordierite honeycomb catalyst. Front Chem Sci Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-018-1738-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Synthesis, characterization and catalytic properties of dinuclear complexes of copper(II) and nickel(II): Oxidation of cyclohexane, toluene and cyclopentane. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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23
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Sadhukhan D, Maiti M, Bauzá A, Frontera A, Garribba E, Gomez-García CJ. Synthesis, structure, physicochemical characterization and theoretical evaluation of non-covalent interaction energy of a polymeric copper(II)-hydrazone complex. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Sutradhar M, Martins LMDRS, Roy Barman T, Kuznetsov ML, Guedes da Silva MFC, Pombeiro AJL. Vanadium complexes of different nuclearities in the catalytic oxidation of cyclohexane and cyclohexanol – an experimental and theoretical investigation. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00348g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic activities of oxidovanadium(v) complexes towards microwave-assisted peroxidative oxidation of cyclohexane and cyclohexanol are explored by experimental and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Sutradhar
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | | | - Tannistha Roy Barman
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - Maxim L. Kuznetsov
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | | | - Armando J. L. Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
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25
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Sutradhar M, Barman TR, Pombeiro AJL, Martins LMDRS. Catalytic Activity of Polynuclear vs. Dinuclear Aroylhydrazone Cu(II) Complexes in Microwave-Assisted Oxidation of Neat Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Molecules 2018; 24:molecules24010047. [PMID: 30583583 PMCID: PMC6337553 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) polynuclear Cu(II) complex (1) derived from (5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide (H₂L) is synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, ESI-MS, and single crystal X-ray crystallography. Its catalytic performance towards the solvent-free microwave-assisted peroxidative oxidation of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons under mild conditions is compared with that of dinuclear Cu(II) complexes (2 and 3) of the same ligand, previously reported as antiproliferative agents. Polymer 1 exhibits the highest activity, either for the oxidation of cyclohexane (leading to overall yields, based on the alkane, of up to 39% of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone) or towards the oxidation of toluene (selectively affording benzaldehyde up to a 44% yield), after 2 or 2.5 h of irradiation at 80 or 50 °C, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Sutradhar
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Tannistha Roy Barman
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Armando J L Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Luísa M D R S Martins
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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26
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Chimmalagi GH, Kendur U, Patil SM, Frampton CS, Gudasi KB, Barretto DA, Mangannavar CV, Muchchandi IS. Mononuclear Co(III), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes of 2-(2,4-dichlorobenzamido)-N'
-(3,5-di-tert
-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylidene)benzohydrazide: Structural insight and biological assay. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Geeta H. Chimmalagi
- Department of Chemistry; Karnatak University; Dharwad 580003 Karnataka India
| | - Umashri Kendur
- Department of Chemistry; Karnatak University; Dharwad 580003 Karnataka India
| | - Sunil M. Patil
- Department of Chemistry; Karnatak University; Dharwad 580003 Karnataka India
| | - Christopher S. Frampton
- Institute of Materials & Manufacturing, Wolfson Centre for Materials Processing; Brunel University; London Uxbridge UK
| | - Kalagouda B. Gudasi
- Department of Chemistry; Karnatak University; Dharwad 580003 Karnataka India
| | - Delicia A. Barretto
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology; Karnatak University; Dharwad 580003 Karnataka India
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Peroxidative Oxidation of Alkanes and Alcohols under Mild Conditions by Di- and Tetranuclear Copper (II) Complexes of Bis (2-Hydroxybenzylidene) Isophthalohydrazide. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102699. [PMID: 30347723 PMCID: PMC6222479 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bis(2-hydroxybenzylidene)isophthalohydrazide (H4L) has been used to synthesize the dinuclear [Cu2(1κNO2:2κN′O′2-H2L)(NO3)2(H2O)2] (1) and the tetranuclear [Cu4(μ-1κNO2:2κN′O2-H2L)2(μ-NO3)2(H2O)4]·2C2H5OH (2) complexes. The solvent plays an important role in determining the ligand behaviour in the syntheses of the complexes. An ethanol-acetonitrile mixture of solvents favours partials enolization in the case of 2. Both complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, infrared radiation (IR), single crystal X-ray crystallography and electrochemical methods. The variable temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements of 2 show strong antiferromagnetic coupling between the central nitrato-bridged Cu (II) ions. The catalytic activity of both 1 and 2 has been screened toward the solvent-free microwave-assisted oxidation of alcohols and the peroxidative oxidation of alkanes under mild conditions. Complex 1 exhibits the highest activity for both oxidation reactions, leading selectively to a maximum product yield of 99% (for the 1-phenylethanol oxidation after 1 h without any additive) and 13% (for the cyclohexane oxidation to cyclohexyl hydroperoxide, cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone after 3 h).
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28
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Li JX, Li YF, Liu LW, Cui GH. Luminescence, electrochemical and photocatalytic properties of sub-micron nickel(II) and cobalt(II) coordination polymers synthesized by sonochemical process. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2018; 41:196-205. [PMID: 29137744 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Submicron structures of NiII/CoII-based coordination polymers (CPs) [Ni(L1)(mip)·H2O]n (1) and {[Co(L2)(mip)]·0·.5H2O}n(2) (L1=1,6-bis(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole)hexane, L2=1,6-bis(benzimidazole)hexane, H2mip=5-methylisophthalic acid) were obtained by ultrasonic irradiation and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Structural analysis show that two CPs feature uninodal 3-connected 2D hcb layer, whilst CP 2 is further extended into a 3D complicated supramolecular network by C14-H14⋯O2 hydrogen bonds. Ultrasonic time and power influencing morphology of sub-micron sized CPs, were also discussed. Besides that, thermal stability, luminescence, electrochemical properties and photocatalytic activity of sub-micron sized 1 and 2 were presented in detail. Moreover, sub-micron sized 1 manifests the higher photocatalytic activity than sub-micron sized 2 for decomposition of methylene blue (MB) under UV irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xuan Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory for Environment Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Materials, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, PR China
| | - Yu Feng Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory for Environment Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Materials, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, PR China
| | - Li Wei Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory for Environment Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Materials, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, PR China
| | - Guang Hua Cui
- College of Chemical Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory for Environment Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Materials, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, PR China.
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