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Li S, Xu Z, Zhang S, Sun H, Qin X, Zhu L, Jiang T, Zhou J, Yan F, Deng Q. Non-coding RNAs in acute ischemic stroke: from brain to periphery. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:116-129. [PMID: 38767481 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke is a clinical emergency and a condition with high morbidity, mortality, and disability. Accurate predictive, diagnostic, and prognostic biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets for acute ischemic stroke remain undetermined. With innovations in high-throughput gene sequencing analysis, many aberrantly expressed non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the brain and peripheral blood after acute ischemic stroke have been found in clinical samples and experimental models. Differentially expressed ncRNAs in the post-stroke brain were demonstrated to play vital roles in pathological processes, leading to neuroprotection or deterioration, thus ncRNAs can serve as therapeutic targets in acute ischemic stroke. Moreover, distinctly expressed ncRNAs in the peripheral blood can be used as biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke prediction, diagnosis, and prognosis. In particular, ncRNAs in peripheral immune cells were recently shown to be involved in the peripheral and brain immune response after acute ischemic stroke. In this review, we consolidate the latest progress of research into the roles of ncRNAs (microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs) in the pathological processes of acute ischemic stroke-induced brain damage, as well as the potential of these ncRNAs to act as biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke prediction, diagnosis, and prognosis. Findings from this review will provide novel ideas for the clinical application of ncRNAs in acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhaohan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shiyao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huiling Sun
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaodan Qin
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Teng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Junshan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fuling Yan
- Department of Neurology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiwen Deng
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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Heidarzadehpilehrood R, Pirhoushiaran M. Biomarker potential of competing endogenous RNA networks in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:624-640. [PMID: 38571815 PMCID: PMC10988127 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common condition affecting women of reproductive age globally. PCOS continues to be the largest contributing factor to female infertility despite significant progress in our knowledge of the molecular underpinnings and treatment of the condition. The fact that PCOS is a very diverse condition makes it one of the key reasons why we haven't been able to overcome it. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are implicated in the development of PCOS, according to growing evidence. However, it is unclear how the complex regulatory relationships between the many ncRNA types contribute to the growth of this malignancy. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), a recently identified mechanism in the RNA world, suggests regulatory interactions between various RNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), transcribed pseudogenes, and circular RNAs (circRNAs). Recent studies on PCOS have shown that dysregulation of multiple ceRNA networks (ceRNETs) between these ncRNAs plays crucial roles in developing the defining characteristics of PCOS development. And it is believed that such a finding may open a new door for a deeper comprehension of PCOS's unexplored facets. In addition, it may be able to provide fresh biomarkers and effective therapy targets for PCOS. This review will go over the body of information that exists about the primary roles of ceRNETs before highlighting the developing involvement of several newly found ceRNETs in a number of PCOS characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roozbeh Heidarzadehpilehrood
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Maryam Pirhoushiaran
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417613151, Iran
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Stanzione R, Pietrangelo D, Cotugno M, Forte M, Rubattu S. Role of autophagy in ischemic stroke: insights from animal models and preliminary evidence in the human disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1360014. [PMID: 38590779 PMCID: PMC10999556 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1360014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke represents a main cause of death and permanent disability worldwide. The molecular mechanisms underlying cerebral injury in response to the ischemic insults are not completely understood. In this article, we summarize recent evidence regarding the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke by reviewing data obtained in murine models of either transient or permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion, and in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat. Few preliminary observational studies investigating the role of autophagy in subjects at high cerebrovascular risk and in cohorts of stroke patients were also reviewed. Autophagy plays a dual role in neuronal and vascular cells by exerting both protective and detrimental effects depending on its level, duration of stress and type of cells involved. Protective autophagy exerts adaptive mechanisms which reduce neuronal loss and promote survival. On the other hand, excessive activation of autophagy leads to neuronal cell death and increases brain injury. In conclusion, the evidence reviewed suggests that a proper manipulation of autophagy may represent an interesting strategy to either prevent or reduce brain ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Donatella Pietrangelo
- Clinical and Molecular Medicine Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Speranza Rubattu
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Clinical and Molecular Medicine Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Yafeng F, Xinpeng S, Rong W, Guofeng C. Omilancor mitigates the senescence of nucleus pulposus cells induced by DDP through targeting MAP2K6. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:5050-5064. [PMID: 38517363 PMCID: PMC11006466 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study explores the potential of Omilancor in treating Intervertebral Disc Degeneration (IDD) through MAP2K6 targeting. METHODS We analyzed mRNA microarray datasets to pinpoint MAP2K6 as a key regulator implicated in IDD progression. Follow-up studies demonstrated that cisplatin (DDP) could prompt cellular senescence in vitro by upregulating MAP2K6 expression. Through molecular docking and other analyses, we identified Omilancor as a compound capable of binding to MAP2K6. This interaction effectively impeded the cellular senescence induced by DDP. RESULTS We further showed that administration of Omilancor could significantly alleviate the degeneration of IVDs in annulus fibrosus puncture-induced rat model. CONCLUSIONS Omilancor shows promise as a treatment for IDD by targeting MAP2K6-mediated cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yafeng
- Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Shi Xinpeng
- Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Wei Rong
- Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Cui Guofeng
- Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
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Zhang W, Liu D, Yi J, Fan J. Downregulation of circAsxl2 Relieves Neuronal Injury Induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:812-820. [PMID: 37658248 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03532-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to play an important role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the role of circAsxl2 (mmu_circ_0000346) in cerebral I/R injury remains unclear. METHODS Mouse brain neuronal cell line (HT-22) was used to perform oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) treatment. The levels of circAsxl2, microRNA (miR)-130b-5p and forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) were determined using quantitative real-time PCR. Cell viability and apoptosis were measured using cell counting kit 8 assay and flow cytometry. Commercial kits were used to assess cell cytotoxicity, inflammation and oxidative stress. Protein expression was analyzed by western blot. RNA interaction was verified using dual-luciferase reporter assay, RIP assay and RNA pull-down assay. RESULTS CircAsxl2 was highly expressed in OGD/R-induced HT-22 cells, and its silencing could alleviate OGD/R-induced apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in HT-22 cells. MiR-130b-5p was sponged by circAsxl2, and its inhibitor could overturn the regulation of circAsxl2 knockdown on OGD/R-induced neuronal injury. FOXO3 was targeted by miR-130b-5p and its expression was positively regulated by circAsxl2. In addition, the regulation of circAsxl2 knockdown on OGD/R-induced neuronal injury also was reversed by FOXO3 overexpression. CONCLUSION CircAsxl2/miR-130b-5p/FOXO3 axis accelerated OGD/R-induced neuronal injury, which might provide effective strategies for treating cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Geriatrics Department, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Yi
- Medical innovation center, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Jianmin Fan
- Department of cardiovascular diseases, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No.95 Shaoshan middle road, Yuhua District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.
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Xu G, Liu G, Wang Z, Li Y, Fang W. Circular RNAs: Promising Treatment Targets and Biomarkers of Ischemic Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:178. [PMID: 38203348 PMCID: PMC10779226 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, there is a dearth of effective drugs and treatment methods for ischemic stroke. Significant numbers of circular RNAs (circRNAs) exhibit abnormal expression following ischemic stroke and are considered potential therapeutic targets. CircRNAs have emerged as promising biomarkers due to their stable expression in peripheral blood and their potential significance in ischemic stroke diagnosis and prognosis. This review provides a summary of 31 circRNAs involved in the pathophysiological processes of apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis following ischemic stroke. Furthermore, we discuss the mechanisms of action of said circRNAs and their potential clinical applications. Ultimately, circRNAs exhibit promise as both therapeutic targets and biomarkers for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yunman Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (G.X.); (G.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Weirong Fang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (G.X.); (G.L.); (Z.W.)
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Zhang X, Wan M, Min X, Chu G, Luo Y, Han Z, Li W, Xu R, Luo J, Li W, Yang Y, Ma Y, Jiao L, Wang T. Circular RNA as biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023. [PMID: 37186176 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients is still challenging, and reliable biomarkers are needed. Noncoding RNAs are important for many physiological activities, among which circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been proven to be more tissue-specific and conservative. Many recent studies found the potential of circRNAs as biomarkers for many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and ischemic stroke. This systemic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify circRNAs as potential biomarkers for AIS. METHODS This study has been prospectively registered in PROSPERO (Registration No. 11 CRD42021288033). Published literature comparing circRNA expression profiles between AIS and non-AIS in human and animal models were retrieved from the articles published by January 2023 in major databases. We descriptively summarized the included studies, conducted meta-analysis under a random effects model, and did bioinformatics analysis including Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. RESULTS Totally 23 studies were included, reporting 18 distinctive upregulated and 20 distinctive downregulated circRNAs. Diagnostic meta-analysis indicated discriminative ability of the circRNAs. Furthermore, circRNA HECTD1, circRNA DLGAP4, circRNA CDC14A, circRNA SCMH1, and circRNA TLK1 were reported with the same regulation trend in more than one study (animal studies included). GO and KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that the target genes of these five circRNAs were enriched in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that circRNAs (circRNA HECTD1, circRNA DLGAP4, circRNA CDC14A, circRNA SCMH1, and circRNA TLK1) generally are promising as potential biomarkers for AIS. However, due to the limited number of studies, diagnostic value of individual circRNA could not be validated. More in vitro and in vivo functional studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Mengyao Wan
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Min
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Guanglei Chu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yumin Luo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziping Han
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Jichang Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yutong Yang
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
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Xiaoqing S, Yinghua C, Xingxing Y. The autophagy in ischemic stroke: A regulatory role of non-coding-RNAs. Cell Signal 2023; 104:110586. [PMID: 36608737 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a central nervous system neurological disorder ascribed to an acute focal trauma, with high mortality and disability, leading to a heavy burden on family and society. Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which damaged organelles and useless proteins are recycled to maintain cellular homeostasis, and plays a pivotal role in the process of IS. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), mainly contains microRNA, long non-coding RNA and circular RNA, have been extensively investigated on regulation of autophagy in human diseases. Recent studies have implied that ncRNAs-regulating autophagy participates in pathophysiological process of IS, including cell apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, blood-brain barrier damage and glial activation, which indicates that regulating autophagy by ncRNAs may be beneficial for IS treatment. This review summarizes the role of autophagy in IS, as well as focuses on the role of ncRNAs-mediated autophagy in IS, for the development of potential therapeutic strategies in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Xiaoqing
- The Fifth Department of Acupuncture, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China
| | - Chen Yinghua
- The Fifth Department of Acupuncture, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China.
| | - Yuan Xingxing
- Heilongjiang University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China; Department of internal medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, PR China.
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Wang J, Hua M, Li H, Xu D, Li F, Xu F. Circ_0007706 downregulation ameliorates neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy via regulating the miR-579-3p/TRAF6 axis. Brain Res Bull 2023; 194:90-99. [PMID: 36720318 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a main factor of neonatal death and permanent neurologic deficit. This study sought to investigate the functional role of hsa_circ_0007706 (circ_0007706) in modulating neonatal HIE. METHODS In vitro HIE cell model was established in hBMVECs under the condition of oxygen‑glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) treatment. qRT-PCR analysis was utilized for detecting the level of circ_0007706, microRNA-579-3p (miR-579-3p) and TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6). RNase R treatment and Oligo (dT) 18 primers were employed to verify the features of circ_0007706, and nucleocytoplasmic separation was conducted for determining the location of circ_0007706. CCK-8 assay, EdU assay, and flow cytometry were carried out to measure cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. The protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and TRAF6 was detected using western blot. Meanwhile, the levels of the pro-inflammatory factors were determined via ELISA. SOD activity and MDA level were assessed via the respective kits. Besides, dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down were used to identify the association between miR-579-3p and circ_0007706 or TRAF6. RESULTS Circ_0007706 was elevated in HIE newborns and OGD/R cell model. Knockdown of circ_0007706 greatly alleviated OGD/R-induced injury, inflammatory response and oxidative stress. We found that miR-579-3p was a direct target of circ_0007706, and miR-579-3p inhibitor could reverse the impact of circ_0007706 knockdown on OGD/R-caused cell damage in hBMVECs. In addition, miR-579-3p directly interacted with TRAF6, and the protective effects of miR-579-3p on OGD/R-induced injury in hBMVECs were harbored by TRAF6 overexpression. Our data indicated that circ_0007706 knockdown could downregulate the expression of TRAF6 by sponging miR-579-3p in OGD/R-treated hBMVECs. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that circ_0007706 knockdown assuaged HIE-induced injury by decreasing TRAF6 expression via targeting miR-579-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinguang Wang
- Department of Neonatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Minmin Hua
- Department of Neonatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Huixin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Fangfang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Falin Xu
- Department of Neonatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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Liu D, Xiao H, Liu J, Zhang Y, Li J, Zhang T, Chen H. Circ_0000566 contributes oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced human brain microvascular endothelial cell injury via regulating miR-18a-5p/ACVR2B axis. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:1273-1284. [PMID: 36781583 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01166-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) exert regulatory roles in cerebrovascular disease. Human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) participated in brain vascular dysfunction in ischemic stroke. Herein, the functions of circ_0000566 in oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced HBMECs were investigated. The expression of circ_0000566, miR-18a-5p, and Activin receptor type 2B (ACVR2B) was measured via quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry assays were utilized to detect cell viability and cell apoptosis. Western blot assay was employed to measure the levels of apoptotic-related proteins and ACVR2B. The secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α was detected via corresponding kits. The relationship between miR-18a-5p and circ_0000566 or ACVR2B was examined via dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. Circ_0000566 and ACVR2B were highly expressed, while miR-18a-5p was down-regulated in OGD/R-treated HBMECs. OGD/R treatment promoted HBMECs apoptosis and inflammation and suppressed cell viability, which could be attenuated by silencing of circ_0000566. Circ_0000566 acted as a miR-18a-5p sponge to contribute to OGD/R-induced HBMECs injury. ACVR2B served as a direct target of miR-18a-5p, and ACVR2B overexpression might abolish the inhibitory role of miR-18a-5p on OGD/R-treated HBMEC injury. Circ_0000566 sponged miR-18a-5p to regulate OGD/R-induced HBMECs injury via regulating ACVR2B expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Acupuncture IV, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, No. 26, Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Haitao Xiao
- Department of Chinese Internal Medicine, Suihua Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 90, Renhe Street, Beilin District, Suihua, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jinxing Liu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, No. 24, Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, No. 24, Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jialiang Li
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, No. 24, Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Tingyu Zhang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, No. 24, Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Honglin Chen
- Department of Acupuncture IV, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, No. 26, Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Tu P, Yan S, Zhang F. Circ_0005925 Promotes Granulosa Cell Growth by Targeting MiR-324-3p to Upregulate MAP2K6 in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Biochem Genet 2023; 61:21-34. [PMID: 35689709 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10238-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNA has been reported to be involved in the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but the role of circ_0005925 in the progression of PCOS is unclear. The expression levels of circ_0005925, microRNA (miR)-324-3p, and MAPK kinase 6 (MAP2K6) were examined by quantitative real-time PCR. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were determined using cell counting kit 8 assay, EdU assay, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein expression of apoptosis markers and MAP2K6. RNA interaction was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay. Circ_0005925 was upregulated in GCs from PCOS patients, as well as in KGN and SVOG cells. Circ_0005925 knockdown repressed GCs proliferation and promoted apoptosis. MiR-324-3p was downregulated in PCOS patients, and it was sponged by circ_0005925. The regulation of circ_0005925 knockdown on GCs growth was abolished by miR-324-3p inhibitor. MAP2K6 was targeted by miR-324-3p, and its expression was positively regulated by circ_0005925. MiR-324-3p inhibited GCs proliferation and increased apoptosis by targeting MAP2K6. Collectively, our findings suggested that circ_0005925 promoted GCs growth through miR-324-3p/MAP2K6, which provided a promising therapeutic target for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Jingmen, No.168 Xiangshan Avenue, Duodao District, Jingmen, 448000, Hubei, China
| | - Sujuan Yan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Jingmen, No.168 Xiangshan Avenue, Duodao District, Jingmen, 448000, Hubei, China
| | - Fengping Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Jingmen, No.168 Xiangshan Avenue, Duodao District, Jingmen, 448000, Hubei, China.
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Li B, Lu Y, Wang R, Xu T, Lei X, Jin H, Gao X, Xie Y, Liu X, Zeng J. MiR-29c Inhibits TNF-α-Induced ROS Production and Apoptosis in Mouse Hippocampal HT22 Cell Line. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:519-536. [PMID: 36309937 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03776-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent reports have suggested that abnormal miR-29c expression in hippocampus have been implicated in the pathophysiology of some neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. However, the underlying effect of miR-29c in regulating hippocampal neuronal function is not clear. In this study, HT22 cells were infected with lentivirus containing miR-29c or miR-29c sponge. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay kit were applied to evaluate cell viability and toxicity before and after TNF-α administration. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were measured with fluorescent probes. Hoechst 33258 staining and TUNEL assay were used to evaluate cell apoptosis. The expression of key mRNA/proteins (TNFR1, Bcl-2, Bax, TRADD, FADD, caspase-3, -8 and -9) in the apoptosis pathway was detected by PCR or WB. In addition, the protein expression of microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2), nerve growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) and synapsin-1 (SYN-1) was detected by WB. As a result, we found that miR-29c overexpression could improve cell viability, attenuate LDH release, reduce ROS production and inhibit MMP depolarization in TNF-α-treated HT22 cells. Furthermore, miR-29c overexpression was found to decrease apoptotic rate, along with decreased expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, and increased expression of Bcl-2 in TNF-α-treated HT22 cells. However, miR-29c sponge exhibited an opposite effects. In addition, in TNF-α-treated HT22 cells, miR-29c overexpression could decrease the expressions of TNFR1, TRADD, FADD and cleaved caspase-8. However, in HT22 cells transfected with miR-29c sponge, TNF-α-induced the expressions of TNFR1, TRADD, FADD and cleaved caspase-8 was significantly exacerbated. At last, TNF-α-induced the decreased expression of MAP-2, GAP-43 and SYN-1 was reversed by miR-29c but exacerbated by miR-29c sponge. Overall, our study demonstrated that miR-29c protects against TNF-α-induced HT22 cells injury through alleviating ROS production and reduce neuronal apoptosis. Therefore, miR-29c might be a potential therapeutic agent for TNF-α accumulation and toxicity-related brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaolu Lei
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Huan Jin
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Gao
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Ye Xie
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Junwei Zeng
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.
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Circular RNAs in Ischemic Stroke: Biological Role and Experimental Models. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020214. [PMID: 36830585 PMCID: PMC9953235 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is among the leading causes of morbidity, disability, and mortality worldwide. Despite the recent progress in the management of acute ischemic stroke, timely intervention still represents a challenge. Hence, strategies to counteract ischemic brain injury during and around the acute event are still lacking, also due to the limited knowledge of the underlying mechanisms. Despite the increasing understanding of the complex pathophysiology underlying ischemic brain injury, some relevant pieces of information are still required, particularly regarding the fine modulation of biological processes. In this context, there is emerging evidence that the modulation of circular RNAs, a class of highly conserved non-coding RNA with a closed-loop structure, are involved in pathophysiological processes behind ischemic stroke, unveiling a number of potential therapeutic targets and possible clinical biomarkers. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of experimental studies on the role of circular RNAs in ischemic stroke.
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Basri R, Awan FM, Yang BB, Awan UA, Obaid A, Naz A, Ikram A, Khan S, Haq IU, Khan SN, Aqeel MB. Brain-protective mechanisms of autophagy associated circRNAs: Kick starting self-cleaning mode in brain cells via circRNAs as a potential therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 15:1078441. [PMID: 36727091 PMCID: PMC9885805 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1078441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered autophagy is a hallmark of neurodegeneration but how autophagy is regulated in the brain and dysfunctional autophagy leads to neuronal death has remained cryptic. Being a key cellular waste-recycling and housekeeping system, autophagy is implicated in a range of brain disorders and altering autophagy flux could be an effective therapeutic strategy and has the potential for clinical applications down the road. Tight regulation of proteins and organelles in order to meet the needs of complex neuronal physiology suggests that there is distinct regulatory pattern of neuronal autophagy as compared to non-neuronal cells and nervous system might have its own separate regulator of autophagy. Evidence has shown that circRNAs participates in the biological processes of autophagosome assembly. The regulatory networks between circRNAs, autophagy, and neurodegeneration remains unknown and warrants further investigation. Understanding the interplay between autophagy, circRNAs and neurodegeneration requires a knowledge of the multiple steps and regulatory interactions involved in the autophagy pathway which might provide a valuable resource for the diagnosis and therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we aimed to summarize the latest studies on the role of brain-protective mechanisms of autophagy associated circRNAs in neurodegenerative diseases (including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Friedreich's ataxia) and how this knowledge can be leveraged for the development of novel therapeutics against them. Autophagy stimulation might be potential one-size-fits-all therapy for neurodegenerative disease as per considerable body of evidence, therefore future research on brain-protective mechanisms of autophagy associated circRNAs will illuminate an important feature of nervous system biology and will open the door to new approaches for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabea Basri
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Haripur (UOH), Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Faryal Mehwish Awan
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Haripur (UOH), Haripur, Pakistan,*Correspondence: Faryal Mehwish Awan, ✉ ;
| | - Burton B. Yang
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Usman Ayub Awan
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Haripur (UOH), Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Obaid
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Haripur (UOH), Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Anam Naz
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore (UOL), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Ikram
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore (UOL), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Suliman Khan
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Haripur (UOH), Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz ul Haq
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur (UOH), Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Sadiq Noor Khan
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Haripur (UOH), Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Muslim Bin Aqeel
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Haripur (UOH), Haripur, Pakistan
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15
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Wu ZD, Feng Y, Ma ZX, Liu Z, Xiong HH, Zhou ZP, Ouyang LS, Xie FK, Tang YM. MicroRNAs: protective regulators for neuron growth and development. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:734-745. [DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.353481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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16
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Liu Q, Liu Y, Li Y, Hong Z, Li S, Liu C. PUM2 aggravates the neuroinflammation and brain damage induced by ischemia-reperfusion through the SLC7A11-dependent inhibition of ferroptosis via suppressing the SIRT1. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:609-620. [PMID: 35997855 PMCID: PMC9938031 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04534-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury occurs due to the restoration of blood perfusion after cerebral ischemia, which results in the damage of the brain structures and functions. Unfortunately, currently there are no effective methods for preventing and treating it. The pumilio 2 (PUM2) is a type of RBPs that has been reported to participate in the progression of several diseases. Ferroptosis is reported to be involved in I/R injury. Whether PUM2 modulated I/R injury through regulating ferroptosis remains to be elucidated. The cerebral I/R models including animal middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced cortical neuron injury cell model of were established and, respectively. RT-qPCR was applied for evaluating PUM2, SIRT1 and SLC7A11 expression. Western blot was employed for measuring the protein expression levels. The viability of cortical neurons was tested by MTT assay. The histological damage of the brain tissues was assessed by H&E staining. The level of PUM2 was boosted in both the brain tissues of the MCAO model and OGD/R-induced cortical neuron injury model. Silence of PUM2 alleviated MCAO-induced brain injury and decreased the death of PC12 cell exposed to OGD/R. PUM2 also aggravated the accumulation of free iron in MCAO mice and OGD/R-induced cortical neuron injury model. In addition, PUM2 suppressed SLC7A11 via inhibiting expression of SIRT1. Rescue assays unveiled that downregulation of SLC7A11 reversed PUM2 mediated neuroinflammation and brain damage induced by I/R. PUM2 aggravated I/R-induced neuroinflammation and brain damage through the SLC7A11-dependent inhibition of ferroptosis by suppressing SIRT1, highlighting the role of PUM2 in preventing or treating cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingran Liu
- Department of Neurovascular Intervention, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16, Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China.
| | - Yongchang Liu
- Department of Neurovascular Intervention, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16, Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Neurovascular Intervention, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16, Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Zhen Hong
- Department of Neurovascular Intervention, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16, Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Shaoquan Li
- Department of Neurovascular Intervention, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16, Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No.16, Xinhua West Road, Hebei, 061000, Cangzhou, China
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Li X, Li L, Si X, Zhang Z, Ni Z, Zhou Y, Liu K, Xia W, Zhang Y, Gu X, Huang J, Yin C, Shao A, Jiang L. The regulatory roles of circular RNAs via autophagy in ischemic stroke. Front Neurol 2022; 13:963508. [PMID: 36330428 PMCID: PMC9623297 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.963508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a severe disease with a high disability, recurrence, and mortality rates. Autophagy, a highly conserved process that degrades damaged or aging organelles and excess cellular components to maintain homeostasis, is activated during IS. It influences the blood–brain barrier integrity and regulates apoptosis. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are novel non-coding RNAs involved in IS-induced autophagy and participate in various pathological processes following IS. In addition, they play a role in autophagy regulation. This review summarizes current evidence on the roles of autophagy and circRNA in IS and the potential mechanisms by which circRNAs regulate autophagy to influence IS injury. This review serves as a basis for the clinical application of circRNAs as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Li
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingfei Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Si
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhumei Ni
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongji Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Keqin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenqing Xia
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuyao Zhang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Gu
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Congguo Yin
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Congguo Yin
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Disease, Hangzhou, China
- Anwen Shao
| | - Lin Jiang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Lin Jiang
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18
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Yang K, Zeng L, Ge A, Wang S, Zeng J, Yuan X, Mei Z, Wang G, Ge J. A systematic review of the research progress of non-coding RNA in neuroinflammation and immune regulation in cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury. Front Immunol 2022; 13:930171. [PMID: 36275741 PMCID: PMC9585453 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.930171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury is currently the disease with the highest mortality and disability rate of cardiovascular disease. Current studies have shown that nerve cells die of ischemia several hours after ischemic stroke, which activates the innate immune response in the brain, promotes the production of neurotoxic substances such as inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, reactive oxygen species and − nitrogen oxide, and mediates the destruction of blood-brain barrier and the occurrence of a series of inflammatory cascade reactions. Meanwhile, the expression of adhesion molecules in cerebral vascular endothelial cells increased, and immune inflammatory cells such as polymorphonuclear neutrophils, lymphocytes and mononuclear macrophages passed through vascular endothelial cells and entered the brain tissue. These cells recognize antigens exposed by the central nervous system in the brain, activate adaptive immune responses, and further mediate secondary neuronal damage, aggravating neurological deficits. In order to reduce the above-mentioned damage, the body induces peripheral immunosuppressive responses through negative feedback, which increases the incidence of post-stroke infection. This process is accompanied by changes in the immune status of the ischemic brain tissue in local and systemic systems. A growing number of studies implicate noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) as novel epigenetic regulatory elements in the dysfunction of various cell subsets in the neurovascular unit after cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury. In particular, recent studies have revealed advances in ncRNA biology that greatly expand the understanding of epigenetic regulation of immune responses and inflammation after cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury. Identification of aberrant expression patterns and associated biological effects of ncRNAs in patients revealed their potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury. Therefore, this review systematically presents recent studies on the involvement of ncRNAs in cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury and neuroimmune inflammatory cascades, and elucidates the functions and mechanisms of cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion-related ncRNAs, providing new opportunities for the discovery of disease biomarkers and targeted therapy. Furthermore, this review introduces clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Display as a possible transformative tool for studying lncRNAs. In the future, ncRNA is expected to be used as a target for diagnosing cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury, judging its prognosis and treatment, thereby significantly improving the prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Liuting Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Anqi Ge
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jinsong Zeng
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Guozuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jinwen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Jinwen Ge,
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Amantadine and Rimantadine Inhibit Hepatitis A Virus Replication through the Induction of Autophagy. J Virol 2022; 96:e0064622. [PMID: 36040176 PMCID: PMC9517723 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00646-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide. Furthermore, HAV causes acute liver failure or acute-on-chronic liver failure. However, no potent anti-HAV drugs are currently available in the clinical situations. There have been some reports that amantadine, a broad-spectrum antiviral, suppresses HAV replication in vitro. Therefore, we examined the effects of amantadine and rimantadine, derivates of adamantane, on HAV replication, and investigated the mechanisms of these drugs. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of amantadine and rimantadine on HAV HM175 genotype IB subgenomic replicon replication and HAV HA11-1299 genotype IIIA replication in cell culture infection systems. Amantadine and rimantadine significantly inhibited HAV replication at the post-entry stage in Huh7 cells. HAV infection inhibited autophagy by suppressing the autophagy marker light chain 3 and reducing number of lysosomes. Proteomic analysis on HAV-infected Huh7 cells treated by amantadine and rimantadine revealed the changes of the expression levels in 42 of 373 immune response-related proteins. Amantadine and rimantadine inhibited HAV replication, partially through the enhancement of autophagy. Taken together, our results suggest a novel mechanism by which HAV replicates along with the inhibition of autophagy and that amantadine and rimantadine inhibit HAV replication by enhancing autophagy. IMPORTANCE Amantadine, a nonspecific antiviral medication, also effectively inhibits HAV replication. Autophagy is an important cellular mechanism in several virus-host cell interactions. The results of this study provide evidence indicating that autophagy is involved in HAV replication and plays a role in the HAV life cycle. In addition, amantadine and its derivative rimantadine suppress HAV replication partly by enhancing autophagy at the post-entry phase of HAV infection in human hepatocytes. Amantadine may be useful for the control of acute HAV infection by inhibiting cellular autophagy pathways during HAV infection processes.
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Yuan L, Chen W, Xiang J, Deng Q, Hu Y, Li J. Advances of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Exp Cell Res 2022; 419:113302. [PMID: 35987381 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is the most common type of stroke, and its pathophysiological process is more complex. In recent years, the key regulatory roles of non-coding RNA (miRNA, circRNA) and mRNA in the development of IS have attracted more attention. In the process of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, circRNA can regulate nerves, blood vessels and immune system through miRNA/mRNA axis, so as to affect the neurovascular unit of IS. The combination of these noncoding RNAs and mRNAs can be used as non-invasive biomarkers and therapeutic tools for IS diagnosis, prognosis and brain injury. Therefore, it is very important to study the potential molecular mechanism, activation pathway and treatment methods of circRNA/miRNA/mRNA network in IS. This review will focus on the latest progress of circRNA/miRNA/mRNA regulatory network, we have also included some circRNAs, which does not mediate through a miRNA, so we also include circRNA -mRNA network. And explore the application prospect of these RNAs as potential therapeutic targets in the prevention and treatment of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yuan
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Wei Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, China
| | - Junjun Xiang
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiumei Deng
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Yueqiang Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, China
| | - Junhong Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, China.
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21
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Chen X, Liu M. CircATRNL1 increases acid-sensing ion channel 1 to advance epithelial-mesenchymal transition in endometriosis by binding to microRNA-103a-3p. Reprod Biol 2022; 22:100643. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2022.100643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Liu M, Liu X, Zhou M, Guo S, Sun K. Impact of CircRNAs on Ischemic Stroke. Aging Dis 2022; 13:329-339. [PMID: 35371609 PMCID: PMC8947829 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.1113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a recently discovered class of endogenous non-coding RNA that is generated by cyclization, driven by intron pairing, and regulated by related regulators. An important biological function of CircRNA is acting as a molecular sponge to significantly alter miRNA levels over a short period. Several studies have shown that circRNA is closely related to stroke. Therefore, a better understanding of CircRNA function and regulatory mechanism in ischemic brain will help us for the early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment of stroke. Here, we summary the biological characteristics, expression of circRNA, and its effect on outcome after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Liu
- 1Department of Radiology, The Third People's Hospital of Long Gang District, Shenzhen, China.,2Graduate School of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China.,3Department of Radiology, Baotou Central Hospital, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- 3Department of Radiology, Baotou Central Hospital, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Maorong Zhou
- 3Department of Radiology, Baotou Central Hospital, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Shao Guo
- 1Department of Radiology, The Third People's Hospital of Long Gang District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kai Sun
- 1Department of Radiology, The Third People's Hospital of Long Gang District, Shenzhen, China
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Jia Z, Wei QJ. CircRNA-MSR Regulates LPS-Induced C28/I2 Chondrocyte Injury through miR-643/MAP2K6 Signaling Pathway. Cartilage 2021; 13:785S-795S. [PMID: 34581623 PMCID: PMC8804801 DOI: 10.1177/19476035211044826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by deterioration of articular cartilage functions. Previous studies have confirmed the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in OA, but the role of mechanical stress-related circRNA (circRNA-MSR) in OA is unknown. DESIGN The human chondrocytes C28/I2 were cultured and treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish the OA model. The mRNA and protein levels were measured by qRT-PCR or Western blot. Cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay. Flow cytometry was carried out to detect cell apoptosis. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pull-down assay was conducted to measure circRNA-MSR-related miRNA. Dual-luciferase reporter gene detection was performed to detect the target relationships between miR-643 and circRNA-MSR or Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 (MAP2K6). The RNA-fluorescence in situ hybridization (RNA-FISH) assay was conducted to verify the localization of circRNA-MSR and miR-643. RESULTS The expressions of circRNA-MSR were upregulated in LPS stimulated C28/I2 cells. Knockdown of circRNA-MSR can inhibit LPS-induced apoptosis, inflammatory response, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and promote cell C28/I2 cells proliferation. Moreover, circRNA-MSR directly targeted miR-643. RNA-FISH exhibited that circRNA-MSR may act as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-643. Over-expression of miR-643 could alleviate LPS-induced C28/I2 chondrocyte injury and promote cell proliferation. Besides, miR-643 directly bound to MAP2K6 mRNA. MiR-643 inhibition or MAP2K6 overexpression can reverse the role of circRNA-MSR knockdown on LPS-treated chondrocytes. CONCLUSION circRNA-MSR can upregulate MAP2K6 by targeting miR-643, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis of C28/I2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Jia
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma and
Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning,
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qing-Jun Wei
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma and
Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning,
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China,Qing-Jun Wei, Department of Orthopedic
Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical
University, No. 6, Shuangyong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning 530021, Guangxi
Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
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Filippenkov IB, Stavchansky VV, Denisova AE, Valieva LV, Remizova JA, Mozgovoy IV, Zaytceva EI, Gubsky LV, Limborska SA, Dergunova LV. Genome-Wide RNA-Sequencing Reveals Massive Circular RNA Expression Changes of the Neurotransmission Genes in the Rat Brain after Ischemia-Reperfusion. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12121870. [PMID: 34946819 PMCID: PMC8701796 DOI: 10.3390/genes12121870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic brain stroke is one of the most serious and socially significant diseases. In addition to messenger RNAs (mRNAs), encoding protein, the study of regulatory RNAs in ischemic has exceptional importance for the development of new strategies for neuroprotection. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have a closed structure, predominantly brain-specific expression, and remain highly promising targets of research. They can interact with microRNAs (miRNAs), diminish their activity and thereby inhibit miRNA-mediated repression of mRNA. Genome-wide RNA-Seq analysis of the subcortical structures of the rat brain containing an ischemic damage focus and penumbra area revealed 395 circRNAs changed their expression significantly at 24 h after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model (tMCAO) conditions. Furthermore, functional annotation revealed their association with neuroactive signaling pathways. It was found that about a third of the differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs) originate from genes whose mRNA levels also changed at 24 h after tMCAO. The other DECs originate from genes encoding non-regulated mRNAs under tMCAO conditions. In addition, bioinformatic analysis predicted a circRNA–miRNA–mRNA network which was associated with the neurotransmission signaling regulation. Our results show that such circRNAs can persist as potential miRNA sponges for the protection of mRNAs of neurotransmitter genes. The results expanded our views about the neurotransmission regulation in the rat brain after ischemia–reperfusion with circRNA action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan B. Filippenkov
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (L.V.V.); (J.A.R.); (I.V.M.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-499-196-1858
| | - Vasily V. Stavchansky
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (L.V.V.); (J.A.R.); (I.V.M.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Alina E. Denisova
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovitianov str. 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.E.D.); (L.V.G.)
| | - Liya V. Valieva
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (L.V.V.); (J.A.R.); (I.V.M.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Julia A. Remizova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (L.V.V.); (J.A.R.); (I.V.M.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Ivan V. Mozgovoy
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (L.V.V.); (J.A.R.); (I.V.M.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Elizaveta I. Zaytceva
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Leonid V. Gubsky
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovitianov str. 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.E.D.); (L.V.G.)
- Federal Center for the Brain and Neurotechnologies, Federal Biomedical Agency, Ostrovitianov str. 1, Building 10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana A. Limborska
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (L.V.V.); (J.A.R.); (I.V.M.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Lyudmila V. Dergunova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (L.V.V.); (J.A.R.); (I.V.M.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
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25
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CircDLGAP4 overexpression relieves oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced neuronal injury by elevating NEGR1 through sponging miR-503-3p. J Mol Histol 2021; 53:321-332. [PMID: 34739656 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-021-10036-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to play vital regulatory roles in human diseases. However, the functions of circRNAs in ischemic stroke (IS) are limited. In this study, we aimed to explore the functions and mechanisms of circRNA DLG associated protein 4 (circDLGAP4) in IS development. Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-treated HCN-2 cells were used to mimic IS environment in vitro. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay was used to detect the levels of circDLGAP4, microRNA-503-3p (miR-503-3p) and neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1) mRNA. RNase R assay was conducted to analyze the stability of circDLGAP4. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry analysis were adopted for cell viability and death, respectively. Western blot assay was performed for protein levels. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to examine the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines. Dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and RNA pull-down assay were employed to analyze the relationships among circDLGAP4, miR-503-3p and NEGR1. CircDLGAP4 level was declined in HCN-2 cells after OGD treatment. CircDLGAP4 overexpression promoted cell viability and suppressed cell death and inflammatory cytokine concentrations in OGD-treated HCN-2 cells. CircDLGAP4 acted as the sponge for miR-503-3p and the impacts of circDLGAP4 overexpression on cell viability, death and inflammation in OGD-treated HCN-2 cells were reversed by miR-503-3p elevation. Furthermore, NEGR1 was the target gene of miR-503-3p. MiR-503-3p inhibition ameliorated OGD-induced HCN-2 cell impairments, but NEGR1 knockdown abolished the effects. CircDLGAP4 alleviated OGD-induced HCN-2 cell damage by regulating miR-503-3p/NEGR1 axis.
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26
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Zhu F, Luo E, Yi F, Xiong J, Huang C, Li R. LncRNA ITSN1-2 knockdown inhibits OGD/R-induced inflammation and apoptosis in mouse hippocampal neurons via sponging miR-195-5p. Neuroreport 2021; 32:1325-1334. [PMID: 34554938 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The upregulation of long noncoding RNA intersectin 1-2 (lnc ITSN1-2) is associated with poor prognosis in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients, but the role and mechanism of lnc ITSN1-2 in AIS are rarely reported, which, thus, are highlighted in this study. METHODS AIS cell model was constructed by oxygen glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R). The quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of lnc ITSN1-2 in HT22 cells. The effects of lnc ITSN1-2 overexpression or knockdown on viability, LDH release, apoptosis, inflammatory and apoptotic factor expressions in OGD/R-induced HT22 cells were measured by cell counting kit-8 assay, LDH release kit, flow cytometry, ELISA and western blot, respectively. Starbase was used to screen the target genes of lnc ITSN1-2. The targeting relationship between lnc ITSN1-2 and miR-195-5p was predicted by starbase and verified by dual-luciferase report assay. The above assays were conducted again to study the function of miR-195-5p. Lastly, the levels of activated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway-related proteins were determined by western blot. RESULTS OGD/R treatment reduced the HT22 cell viability and enhanced LDH release rate and lnc ITSN1-2 expression. Lnc ITSN1-2 overexpression promoted the cell injury, apoptosis and inflammation in OGD/R-induced HT22 cells, while lnc ITSN1-2 knockdown generated the opposite effect and deactivated the MAPK pathways. However, the effect of lnc ITSN1-2 knockdown in OGD/R-induced HT22 cells was reversed by miR-195-5p inhibitor. CONCLUSION Lnc ITSN1-2 knockdown suppressed the inflammation and apoptosis in OGD/R-induced HT22 cells by regulating the miR-195-5p-mediated MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Runying Li
- Department of Stomatology, PingXiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang, China
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MiRNA: Involvement of the MAPK Pathway in Ischemic Stroke. A Promising Therapeutic Target. MEDICINA-LITHUANIA 2021; 57:medicina57101053. [PMID: 34684090 PMCID: PMC8539390 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57101053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a cerebrovascular disease with a high rate of disability and mortality. It is classified as the second leading cause of death that arises from the sudden occlusion of small vessels in the brain with consequent lack of oxygen and nutrients in the brain tissue. Following an acute ischemic event, the cascade of events promotes the activation of multiple signaling pathways responsible for irreversible neuronal damage. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway transmits signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus in response to different stimuli, regulating proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, and apoptosis. Several lines of evidence showed that MAPK is an important regulator of ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebral vascular disease; indeed, it can impair blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity and exacerbate neuroinflammation through the release of pro-inflammatory mediators implementing neurovascular damage after ischemic stroke. This review aims to illustrate the miRNAs involved in the regulation of MAPK in IS, in order to highlight possible targets for potential neuroprotective treatments. We also discuss some miRNAs (miR), including miR-145, miR-137, miR-493, and miR-126, that are important as they modulate processes such as apoptosis, neuroinflammation, neurogenesis, and angiogenesis through the regulation of the MAPK pathway in cerebral IS. To date, limited drug therapies are available for the treatment of IS; therefore, it is necessary to implement preclinical and clinical studies aimed at discovering novel therapeutic approaches to minimize post-stroke neurological damage.
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Bie F, Wang K, Xu T, Yuan J, Ding H, Lv B, Liu Y, Lan M. The potential roles of circular RNAs as modulators in traumatic spinal cord injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111826. [PMID: 34328121 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) may cause long-term physical impairment and bring a substantial burden to both the individual patient and society. Existing therapeutic approaches for SCI have proven inadequate. This is mainly owing to the incomplete understanding of the cellular and molecular events post-injury. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a new class of non-coding RNAs with a covalently closed annular structure that participates in regulating the transcription of certain genes and are linked to various biological processes and diseases. Mounting evidence is indicative that circRNAs are highly expressed in the spinal cord and they play key roles in multiple processes of neurological diseases. Recently, a role for circRNAs as effectors of SCI has emerged, leading to the continuity of relevant research. In this review, we presented current studies with regards to the abnormality of circRNAs mediating SCI by affecting mechanisms of autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation, and neural regeneration. Furthermore, the potential clinical value of circRNAs as therapeutic targets of SCI was also analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Bie
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China.
| | - Kaiyang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
| | - Jishan Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China.
| | - Hua Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China.
| | - Bin Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China; Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Yuwen Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China.
| | - Min Lan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China.
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29
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Wang Y, Mo Y, Peng M, Zhang S, Gong Z, Yan Q, Tang Y, He Y, Liao Q, Li X, Wu X, Xiang B, Zhou M, Li Y, Li G, Li X, Zeng Z, Guo C, Xiong W. The influence of circular RNAs on autophagy and disease progression. Autophagy 2021; 18:240-253. [PMID: 33904341 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1917131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that have attracted considerable attention in recent years. Owing to their distinct circular structure, circRNAs are stable in cells. Autophagy is a catabolic process that helps in the degradation and recycling of harmful or inessential biological macromolecules in cells and enables cells to adapt to stress and changes in the internal and external environments. Evidence has shown that circRNAs influence the course of a disease by regulating autophagy, which indicates that autophagy is involved in the onset and development of various diseases and can affect drug resistance (for example, it affects cisplatin resistance in tumors). In this review, we summarized the role of circRNAs in autophagy and their influence on disease onset and progression as well as drug resistance. The review will expand our understanding of tumors as well as cardiovascular and neurological diseases and also suggest novel therapeutic strategies.Abbreviations: ACR: autophagy-related circRNA; ADSCs: adipogenic mesenchymal stem cells; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATG: autophagy related; BCL2: BCL2 apoptosis regulator; BECN1: beclin 1; ceRNA: competing endogenous RNA; circRNA: circular RNA; CMA: chaperone-mediated autophagy; EPCs: endothelial progenitor cells; LE/MVBs: late endosomes/multivesicular bodies; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer; PDLSCs: periodontal ligament stem cells; PE: phosphatidylethanolamine; PtdIns: phosphatidylinositol; PtdIns3K: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 1,2-dipalmitoyl; PTEN: phosphatase and tensin homolog; RBPs: RNA-binding proteins; SiO2: silicon dioxide; TFEB: transcription factor EB; ULK: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yian Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yongzhen Mo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Miao Peng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qijia Yan
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Medicine, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guiyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Can Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Wu G, Xia J, Yang Z, Chen Y, Jiang W, Yin T, Yang J. CircASPH promotes KGN cells proliferation through miR-375/MAP2K6 axis in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 26:1817-1825. [PMID: 33372369 PMCID: PMC8918404 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a kind of endocrine disorder which is prevalent in adult women, so exploring more biomarkers for PCOS is imperative. Recently, circular RNA and microRNA are confirmed to be related with PCOS development. Whether circular RNA ASPH (circASPH) is involved in PCOS need to be studied further. We utilized RT‐qPCR to measure the expression levels of circASPH, miR‐375 and MAP2K6 in PCOS patients and normal group. The effects of circASPH and miR‐375 on KGN cells proliferation and apoptosis were observed by CCK‐8 assay, EdU incorporation assay and apoptosis assay, separately. Then Dual‐luciferase reporter assay was carried out to verify the circASPH/miR375 axis and miR375/MAP2K6 axis. The interaction between circASPH and MAP2K6 were detected with the support of RT‐qPCR and Western blot. We found circASPH and MAP2K6 were both over‐expressed in PCOS patients, while miR‐375 was in the opposite direction. Moreover, miR‐375 was negatively regulated by circASPH, while MAP2K6 was positively regulated by circASPH. In addition, circASPH directly targeted miR‐375, which targeted MAP2K6. More than that, the knockdown of circASPH repressed KGN cells proliferation and enhanced apoptosis, while the silence of miR‐375 reversed the above effects. In conclusion, circASPH promotes KGN cells proliferation through miR‐375/MAP2K6 axis in PCOS, and they are thought‐provoking biomarkers for PCOS diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengxiang Wu
- Reproductive Medical Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Xia
- Reproductive Medical Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Reproductive Medical Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yajie Chen
- Reproductive Medical Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Reproductive Medical Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tailang Yin
- Reproductive Medical Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medical Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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