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Lagarde J, Feurer C, Denis M, Douarre PE, Piveteau P, Roussel S. Listeria monocytogenes prevalence and genomic diversity along the pig and pork production chain. Food Microbiol 2024; 119:104430. [PMID: 38225039 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2023.104430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The facultative intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is the causative agent of listeriosis, a severe invasive illness. This ubiquitous species is widely distributed in the environment, but infection occurs almost exclusively through ingestion of contaminated food. The pork production sector has been heavily affected by a series of L. monocytogenes-related foodborne outbreaks in the past around the world. Ready-to-eat (RTE) pork products represent one of the main food sources for strong-evidence listeriosis outbreaks. This pathogen is known to be present throughout the entire pig and pork production chain. Some studies hypothesized that the main source of contamination in final pork products was either living pigs or the food-processing environment. A detailed genomic picture of L. monocytogenes can provide a renewed understanding of the routes of contamination from pig farms to the final products. This review provides an overview of the prevalence, the genomic diversity and the genetic background linked to virulence of L. monocytogenes along the entire pig and pork production chain, from farm to fork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Lagarde
- ANSES, Salmonella and Listeria Unit (USEL), University of Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort Laboratory for Food Safety, 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France; INRAE, Unit of Process Optimisation in Food, Agriculture and the Environment (UR OPAALE), 17 avenue de Cucillé, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Carole Feurer
- IFIP, The French Pig and Pork Institute, Department of Fresh and Processed Meat, La Motte au Vicomte, 35650, Le Rheu, France
| | - Martine Denis
- ANSES, Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products (UHQPAP), Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, 31 rue des fusillés, 22440, Ploufragan, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Douarre
- ANSES, Salmonella and Listeria Unit (USEL), University of Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort Laboratory for Food Safety, 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Pascal Piveteau
- INRAE, Unit of Process Optimisation in Food, Agriculture and the Environment (UR OPAALE), 17 avenue de Cucillé, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Sophie Roussel
- ANSES, Salmonella and Listeria Unit (USEL), University of Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort Laboratory for Food Safety, 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France.
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Mudadu AG, Piras G, Melillo R, Salza S, Cau S, Virgilio S, Meloni D, Mele P. Survival of Naturally Contaminating Listeria monocytogenes in Commercial Mediterranean-Style Dry Fermented Sausages during Storage. J Food Prot 2022; 85:1576-1583. [PMID: 35499450 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-22-023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was the determination of Listeria monocytogenes, competitive microbiota, microbial hygiene indicators, and physicochemical parameters in the typical Mediterranean-style fermented sausages Salsiccia Sarda. A batch of Salsiccia Sarda (25 samples) naturally contaminated by L. monocytogenes and vacuum packaged after 24 days of ripening was included in the study. Fifteen samples stored at 8°C were analyzed after 13 days, after 90 days, and at the end of shelf life (after 180 days from vacuum packaging). Ten vacuum-packaged samples were stored at 12°C in a domestic fridge simulating temperature abuse and were evaluated at the end of the shelf life. Samples were subjected to physicochemical analysis (pH and water activity) and investigated for the presence and enumeration of L. monocytogenes. Competitive microbiota, lactic acid bacteria, coagulase-negative staphylococci, and microbial hygiene indicators (total mesophilic bacterial counts, Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcuss spp., and Staphylococcus aureus) were determined in all the samples. Although a decreasing trend in L. monocytogenes prevalence was observed through the shelf life, the detection of this pathogen in fermented sausages confirms its ability to overcome hurdles of the manufacturing process. The results highlight the importance of the careful evaluation of the Salsiccia Sarda production process by food business operators to maintain unfavorable conditions for the growth of L. monocytogenes. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro G Mudadu
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Struttura Complessa di Microbiologia e Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Via Duca degli Abruzzi 8, 07100 Sassari, Italia
| | - Gabriella Piras
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Struttura Complessa di Microbiologia e Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Via Duca degli Abruzzi 8, 07100 Sassari, Italia
| | - Rita Melillo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Struttura Complessa di Microbiologia e Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Via Duca degli Abruzzi 8, 07100 Sassari, Italia
| | - Sara Salza
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Struttura Complessa di Microbiologia e Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Via Duca degli Abruzzi 8, 07100 Sassari, Italia
| | - Simona Cau
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Struttura Complessa di Microbiologia e Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Via Duca degli Abruzzi 8, 07100 Sassari, Italia
| | - Sebastiano Virgilio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Struttura Complessa di Microbiologia e Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Via Duca degli Abruzzi 8, 07100 Sassari, Italia
| | - Domenico Meloni
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italia
| | - Piera Mele
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Struttura Complessa di Microbiologia e Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Via Duca degli Abruzzi 8, 07100 Sassari, Italia
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Murr L, Huber I, Pavlovic M, Guertler P, Messelhaeusser U, Weiss M, Ehrmann M, Tuschak C, Bauer H, Wenning M, Busch U, Bretschneider N. Whole-Genome Sequence Comparisons of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Meat and Fish Reveal High Inter- and Intra-Sample Diversity. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2120. [PMID: 36363712 PMCID: PMC9698462 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Interpretation of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data for foodborne outbreak investigations is complex, as the genetic diversity within processing plants and transmission events need to be considered. In this study, we analyzed 92 food-associated Listeria monocytogenes isolates by WGS-based methods. We aimed to examine the genetic diversity within meat and fish production chains and to assess the applicability of suggested thresholds for clustering of potentially related isolates. Therefore, meat-associated isolates originating from the same samples or processing plants as well as fish-associated isolates were analyzed as distinct sets. In silico serogrouping, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), core genome MLST (cgMLST), and pangenome analysis were combined with screenings for prophages and genetic traits. Isolates of the same subtypes (cgMLST types (CTs) or MLST sequence types (STs)) were additionally compared by SNP calling. This revealed the occurrence of more than one CT within all three investigated plants and within two samples. Analysis of the fish set resulted in predominant assignment of isolates from pangasius catfish and salmon to ST2 and ST121, respectively, potentially indicating persistence within the respective production chains. The approach not only allowed the detection of distinct subtypes but also the determination of differences between closely related isolates, which need to be considered when interpreting WGS data for surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Murr
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Ingrid Huber
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Melanie Pavlovic
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Patrick Guertler
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Ute Messelhaeusser
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Manuela Weiss
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Ehrmann
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Christian Tuschak
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Hans Bauer
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mareike Wenning
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Ulrich Busch
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Nancy Bretschneider
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
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Pérez-Baltar A, Pérez-Boto D, Medina M, Montiel R. Genomic diversity and characterization of Listeria monocytogenes from dry-cured ham processing plants. Food Microbiol 2021; 99:103779. [PMID: 34119091 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Genomic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes isolates from the deboning and slicing areas of three dry-cured ham processing plants was analysed. L. monocytogenes was detected in 58 out of 491 samples from the environment and equipment surfaces, all from the deboning area, with differences in prevalence among facilities. The most frequent PCR-serogroup was IIa (74.1%) followed by IIb and IIc, and only one isolate was serogroup IVb. Twenty different pulsotypes and 11 sequence types (STs) grouped into 10 clonal complexes (CCs) were determined. ST121 (CC121) and ST9 (CC9) were the most abundant. Premature stop codons (PMSC6 and PMSC19) associated with attenuated virulence were found in the inlA sequence in 7 out of 12 selected strains. CC121 strains were strong biofilm formers and some harboured the transposon Tn6188, related with increased tolerance to quaternary ammonium compounds. L. monocytogenes clones considered hypovirulent resulted predominant in the deboning areas. The clonal structure and potential virulence of the isolates could help to establish adequate control measures and cleaning protocols for the comprehensive elimination of the pathogen in dry-cured ham processing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Pérez-Baltar
- Departamento Tecnología de Alimentos, INIA, Carretera de La Coruña Km 7, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Pérez-Boto
- Departamento Tecnología de Alimentos, INIA, Carretera de La Coruña Km 7, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Margarita Medina
- Departamento Tecnología de Alimentos, INIA, Carretera de La Coruña Km 7, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Montiel
- Departamento Tecnología de Alimentos, INIA, Carretera de La Coruña Km 7, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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5
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Cava R, Higuero N, Ladero L. High-pressure processing and storage temperature on Listeria monocytogenes, microbial counts and oxidative changes of two traditional dry-cured meat products. Meat Sci 2021; 171:108273. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Rugna G, Carra E, Bergamini F, Franzini G, Faccini S, Gattuso A, Morganti M, Baldi D, Naldi S, Serraino A, Piva S, Merialdi G, Giacometti F. Distribution, virulence, genotypic characteristics and antibiotic resistance of Listeria monocytogenes isolated over one-year monitoring from two pig slaughterhouses and processing plants and their fresh hams. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 336:108912. [PMID: 33091754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes contamination in raw pork and ready to eat foods is an important food safety concern, also for the increasing detection of antimicrobial-resistant isolates. Data on L. monocytogenes occurrence, persistence, distribution and genetic characterization in two different plants, namely in continuum from slaughtered pigs, environment and unfinished products (fresh hams) were observed by one-year monitoring and were integrated with their antimicrobial resistance patterns. A total of 98 samples out of the overall 1131 (8.7%) were positive for L. monocytogenes, respectively 2.6% and 13.2% in plants A and B: only three serotypes were identified, 1/2c (50%), 1/2b (36.7%) and 1/2a (13.27%), and strains were classified in 35 pulsotypes and 16 clusters by PFGE; a unique P-type was highlighted according to the detection of virulence genes. The contamination flow of L. monocytogenes has a low occurrence in slaughterhouse (Plant A = 1.1%, Plant B: 3.1%; p > 0.05) and increased throughout the processing chain with trimming area as the most contaminated (Plant A: 25%, Plant B: 57%; (p < 0.05)), both in the environment and in unfinished products (80% in hams before trimming in plant B). The dominant role of environmental contamination in post-slaughter processing is confirmed to be a significant cause of meat contamination by L. monocytogenes. Very high levels of resistance were observed for clindamycin (57%) and high resistance levels (>20-50%) to ciprofloxacin, oxacillin, levofloxacin and daptomycin, confirming the L. monocytogenes resistance trend to a wide range of antimicrobial agents. A total of 11 L. monocytogenes isolates were multidrug resistant and 7 out of them were isolated from slaughtered pigs. An interesting significant (p < 0.05) statistical correlation has been found between resistance to some antimicrobial agents and lineage/serotypes. Microbiological sampling of food and environments after sanitization are commonly used as verification procedure for the absence of L. monocytogenes in food plants and to give assurance of food safety, but strains characterization is necessary for industries to target specific control measures, like the enforcement of the hygiene program and of the control of operator activities, at least for permanent strains. The only presence of L. monocytogenes could not be considered as the conclusive assessment of a potential risk for public health, also in terms of emerging and emerged antimicrobial resistances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Rugna
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute in Lombardy and Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Carra
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute in Lombardy and Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Bergamini
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute in Lombardy and Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuliana Franzini
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute in Lombardy and Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Faccini
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute in Lombardy and Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonietta Gattuso
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Morganti
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute in Lombardy and Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Deborah Baldi
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute in Lombardy and Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Simona Naldi
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute in Lombardy and Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Serraino
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Piva
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Merialdi
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute in Lombardy and Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Giacometti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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7
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Cherifi T, Arsenault J, Pagotto F, Quessy S, Côté JC, Neira K, Fournaise S, Bekal S, Fravalo P. Distribution, diversity and persistence of Listeria monocytogenes in swine slaughterhouses and their association with food and human listeriosis strains. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236807. [PMID: 32760141 PMCID: PMC7410256 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is the etiological agent of listeriosis, a major foodborne disease and an important public health concern. Contamination of meat with L. monocytogenes occurs frequently at the slaughterhouse. Our aims were; 1) to investigate the distribution of L. monocytogenes in the processing areas of four swine slaughterhouses; 2) to describe the diversity of L. monocytogenes strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; 3) to identify persistent L. monocytogenes strains and describe their distribution; 4) to investigate the associations between persistence of strains and their following characteristics: detection in food isolates, detection in human clinical isolates, and the presence of benzalkonium chloride (BAC) resistance genes. Various operation areas within the four swine slaughterhouses were sampled on four occasions. A total of 2496 samples were analyzed, and L. monocytogenes was successfully isolated from 243 samples. The proportion of positive samples ranged from 32 to 58% in each slaughterhouse and from 24 to 68% in each operation area. Fifty-eight different pulsotypes were identified and eight pulsotypes, present in samples collected during 4 visits, were considered persistent. The persistent pulsotypes were significantly more likely to be detected in food (P < 0.01, exact χ²) and human clinical cases (P < 0.01, exact χ²), respectively. Among pulsotypes harboring the BAC bcrABC resistance cassette or the emrE multidrug transporter gene, 42.8% were persistent compared to 4.5% for pulsotypes without these resistance genes (P < 0.01, exact χ²). Our study highlights the importance of persistent L. monocytogenes strains in the environmental contamination of slaughterhouses, which may lead to repeated contamination of meat products. It also shows that the presence of disinfectants resistance genes is an important contributing factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamazight Cherifi
- Chaire de recherche en salubrité des viandes, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche en infectiologie porcine et avicole (CRIPA-FQRNT), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
- Groupe de recherche et d’enseignement en salubrité des aliments (GRESA), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail: (TC); (PF)
| | - Julie Arsenault
- Centre de recherche en infectiologie porcine et avicole (CRIPA-FQRNT), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
- Epidemiology of Zoonoses and Public Health Research Unit (GREZOSP), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Franco Pagotto
- Listeriosis Reference Service, Microbiology Research Division, Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sylvain Quessy
- Chaire de recherche en salubrité des viandes, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
- Groupe de recherche et d’enseignement en salubrité des aliments (GRESA), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Charles Côté
- Chaire de recherche en salubrité des viandes, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
- Groupe de recherche et d’enseignement en salubrité des aliments (GRESA), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kersti Neira
- Chaire de recherche en salubrité des viandes, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche en infectiologie porcine et avicole (CRIPA-FQRNT), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
- Groupe de recherche et d’enseignement en salubrité des aliments (GRESA), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Sadjia Bekal
- Laboratoire de santé publique du Québec, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philippe Fravalo
- Chaire de recherche en salubrité des viandes, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche en infectiologie porcine et avicole (CRIPA-FQRNT), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
- Epidemiology of Zoonoses and Public Health Research Unit (GREZOSP), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail: (TC); (PF)
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In-Depth Longitudinal Study of Listeria monocytogenes ST9 Isolates from the Meat Processing Industry: Resolving Diversity and Transmission Patterns Using Whole-Genome Sequencing. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:AEM.00579-20. [PMID: 32414794 PMCID: PMC7357480 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00579-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a deadly foodborne pathogen that is widespread in the environment, and certain types can be established in food factories. The sequence type ST9 dominates in meat processing environments, and this work was undertaken to obtain data needed for the tracking of this subtype. By using whole-genome sequencing (WGS), we revealed the presence of cross-contamination routes between meat factories as well as within a single factory, including the spread from different reservoirs within the same room. It was also possible to estimate the time frame of persistence in the factory, as well as when and how new clones had entered. The present work contributes valuable information about the diversity of ST9 and exemplifies the potential power of WGS in food safety management, allowing the determination of relationships between strains both in an international context and locally between and within factories. Listeria monocytogenes is a pathogen mostly associated with the consumption of ready-to-eat foods and can cause severe disease and death. It can be introduced into food chains from raw materials, but often the contamination source is the food production environment, where certain clones can persist for years. In the meat chain, ST9 is one of the most commonly encountered L. monocytogenes sequence types, and for effective source tracking, the divergence and spread of ST9 must be understood. In this study, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was used to characterize and track 252 L. monocytogenes ST9 isolates collected from four Norwegian meat processing plants between 2009 and 2017. The isolates formed distinct clusters relative to genomes found in public databases, and all but three isolates clustered into two major clonal populations. Different contamination patterns were revealed, e.g., evidence of contamination of two factories with a clone that diverged from its ancestor in the late 1990s through a common source of raw materials; breach of hygienic barriers within a factory, leading to repeated detection of two clones in the high-risk zone during a 4- to 6-year period; entry through the purchase and installation of second-hand equipment harboring a previously established clonal population; and spreading and diversification of two clones from two reservoirs within the same production room over a 9-year period. The present work provides data on the diversity of ST9, which is crucial for epidemiological investigations and highlights how WGS can be used for source tracking within food processing factories. IMPORTANCEListeria monocytogenes is a deadly foodborne pathogen that is widespread in the environment, and certain types can be established in food factories. The sequence type ST9 dominates in meat processing environments, and this work was undertaken to obtain data needed for the tracking of this subtype. By using whole-genome sequencing (WGS), we revealed the presence of cross-contamination routes between meat factories as well as within a single factory, including the spread from different reservoirs within the same room. It was also possible to estimate the time frame of persistence in the factory, as well as when and how new clones had entered. The present work contributes valuable information about the diversity of ST9 and exemplifies the potential power of WGS in food safety management, allowing the determination of relationships between strains both in an international context and locally between and within factories.
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9
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Cava R, García-Parra J, Ladero L. Effect of high hydrostatic pressure processing and storage temperature on food safety, microbial counts, colour and oxidative changes of a traditional dry-cured sausage. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Meloni D. High-Hydrostatic-Pressure (HHP) Processing Technology as a Novel Control Method for Listeria monocytogenes Occurrence in Mediterranean-Style Dry-Fermented Sausages. Foods 2019; 8:E672. [PMID: 31842401 PMCID: PMC6963505 DOI: 10.3390/foods8120672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although conventional microbial control techniques are currently employed and largely successful, their major drawbacks are related to their effects on quality of processed food. In recent years, there has been a growing demand for high-quality foods that are microbially safe and retain most of their natural freshness. Therefore, several modern and innovative methods of microbial control in food processing have been developed. High-hydrostatic-pressure (HHP) processing technology has been mainly used to enhance the food safety of ready-to-eat (RTE) products as a new pre-/post-packaging, non-thermal purification method in the meat industry. Listeria monocytogenes is a pertinent target for microbiological safety and shelf-life; due to its capacity to multiply in a broad range of food environments, is extremely complicated to prevent in fermented-sausage-producing plants. The frequent detection of L. monocytogenes in final products emphasizes the necessity for the producers of fermented sausages to correctly overcome the hurdles of the technological process and to prevent the presence of L. monocytogenes by applying novel control techniques. This review discusses a collection of recent studies describing pressure-induced elimination of L. monocytogenes in fermented sausages produced in the Mediterranean area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Meloni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Distribution, adhesion, virulence and antibiotic resistance of persistent Listeria monocytogenes in a pig slaughterhouse in Brazil. Food Microbiol 2019; 84:103234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2019.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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12
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Quaglia NC, Storelli M, Ioanna F, Celano G, Celano GV, Conversano C, De Rosa M, Dambrosio A. Listeria monocytogenesand enterotoxigenicStaphylococcus aureusin dry fermented sausages belonging to “Traditional Agri‐Food Product” produced in Southern Italy. J Food Saf 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta C. Quaglia
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Veterinary Clinic and Animal ProductionUniversity of Bari Aldo Moro Bari Italy
| | - MariaMaddalena Storelli
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnologies and BiopharmaceuticalUniversity of Bari Aldo Moro, Strada Prov.le per Casamassima Bari Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Celano
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food ScienceUniversity of Bari Aldo Moro Bari Italy
| | - Gaetano V. Celano
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Bari Aldo Moro Bari Italy
| | | | - Michele De Rosa
- Veterinary Surgeon, Freelance Professional, Grumo Appula Bari Italy
| | - Angela Dambrosio
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Veterinary Clinic and Animal ProductionUniversity of Bari Aldo Moro Bari Italy
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13
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Comparative evaluation of impedanciometry combined with chromogenic agars or RNA hybridization and real-time PCR methods for the detection of L. monocytogenes in dry-cured ham. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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14
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Morales-Partera A, Cardoso-Toset F, Luque I, Astorga R, Maldonado A, Herrera-León S, Hernández M, Gómez-Laguna J, Tarradas C. Prevalence and diversity of Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., and Listeria monocytogenes in two free-range pig slaughterhouses. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Álvarez-Pérez S, Blanco JL, Astorga RJ, Gómez-Laguna J, Barrero-Domínguez B, Galán-Relaño A, Harmanus C, Kuijper E, García ME. Distribution and tracking of Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens in a free-range pig abattoir and processing plant. Food Res Int 2018; 113:456-464. [PMID: 30195542 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The presence and genetic diversity of Clostridium difficile and C. perfringens along the slaughtering process of pigs reared in a free-range system was assessed. A total of 270 samples from trucks, lairage, slaughter line and quartering were analyzed, and recovered isolates were toxinotyped and genotyped. C. difficile and C. perfringens were retrieved from 14.4% and 12.6% of samples, respectively. The highest percentage of positive samples for C. difficile was detected in trucks (80%) whereas C. perfringens was more prevalent in cecal and colonic samples obtained in the slaughter line (85% and 45%, respectively). C. difficile isolates (n = 105) were classified into 17 PCR ribotypes (including 010, 078, and 126) and 95 AFLP genotypes. C. perfringens isolates (n = 85) belonged to toxinotypes A (94.1%) and C (5.9%) and were classified into 80 AFLP genotypes. The same genotypes of C. difficile and C. perfringens were isolated from different pigs and occasionally from environmental samples, suggesting a risk of contaminated meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Álvarez-Pérez
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Blanco
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rafael J Astorga
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Jaime Gómez-Laguna
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Belén Barrero-Domínguez
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Angela Galán-Relaño
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Celine Harmanus
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ed Kuijper
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marta E García
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Labrador M, Rota MC, Pérez C, Herrera A, Bayarri S. Evaluation of a Method for Rapid Detection of Listeria monocytogenes in Dry-Cured Ham Based on Impedanciometry Combined with Chromogenic Agar. J Food Prot 2018; 81:705-712. [PMID: 29611729 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The food industry is in need of rapid, reliable methodologies for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat products, as an alternative to the International Organization of Standardization (ISO) 11290-1 reference method. The aim of this study was to evaluate impedanciometry combined with chromogenic agar culture for the detection of L. monocytogenes in dry-cured ham. The experimental setup consisted in assaying four strains of L. monocytogenes and two strains of Listeria innocua in pure culture. The method was evaluated according to the ISO 16140:2003 standard through a comparative study with the ISO reference method with 119 samples of dry-cured ham. Significant determination coefficients ( R2 of up to 0.99) for all strains assayed in pure culture were obtained. The comparative study results had 100% accuracy, 100% specificity, and 100% sensitivity. Impedanciometry followed by chromogenic agar culture was capable of detecting 1 CFU/25 g of food. L. monocytogenes was not detected in the 65 commercial samples tested. The method evaluated herein represents a promising alternative for the food industry in its efforts to control L. monocytogenes. Overall analysis time is shorter and the method permits a straightforward analysis of a large number of samples with reliable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirian Labrador
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón -IA2- (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9123-4037 [M.L.])
| | - María C Rota
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón -IA2- (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9123-4037 [M.L.])
| | - Consuelo Pérez
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón -IA2- (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9123-4037 [M.L.])
| | - Antonio Herrera
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón -IA2- (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9123-4037 [M.L.])
| | - Susana Bayarri
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón -IA2- (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9123-4037 [M.L.])
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17
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Minarovičová J, Véghová A, Mikulášová M, Chovanová R, Šoltýs K, Drahovská H, Kaclíková E. Benzalkonium chloride tolerance of Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from a meat processing facility is related to presence of plasmid-borne bcrABC cassette. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2018; 111:1913-1923. [PMID: 29626332 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-018-1082-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a serious foodborne pathogen capable of persisting in food processing environments. Tolerance to disinfectants used in industrial settings constitutes an important factor of Listeria survival. In the present study, the mechanism of tolerance to benzalkonium chloride (BAC) was investigated in 77 L. monocytogenes isolates from a meat facility. By PCR approach, the mdrL and lde chromosomal efflux pump genes were detected in all isolates. No isolate was positive for qacH and emrE genes. However, the bcrABC cassette was present in 17 isolates of serogroup IIa possessing the same AscI/ApaI pulsotype, the operon being localized on a plasmid. The significant relation of BAC tolerance with bcrABC presence was confirmed as all bcrABC positive isolates showed the highest minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for BAC and increased sensitivity to BAC was observed after plasmid curing. No effect of the efflux pump inhibitor reserpine on BAC tolerance in bcrABC positive strains was observed in contrast to all bcrABC negative strains. Lower ethidium bromide efflux in bcrABC positive isolates compared to bcrABC negative and plasmid-cured L. monocytogenes isolates was observed. The expression of bcrABC genes was BAC-induced. The confirmed effect of bcrABC to increased BAC tolerance, coupled with its plasmid location, may be an important factor in potential dissemination of the biocide resistance among Listeria species. The understanding of molecular mechanisms of biocide tolerance should help to improve control measures to prevent further spread of L. monocytogenes in food production environments with frequent use of BAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Minarovičová
- Food Research Institute, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Priemyselná 4, 82475, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Adriana Véghová
- Food Research Institute, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Priemyselná 4, 82475, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Mikulášová
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Romana Chovanová
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Hana Drahovská
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Kaclíková
- Food Research Institute, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Priemyselná 4, 82475, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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18
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Alborzi S, Bastarrachea LJ, Ding Q, Tikekar RV. Inactivation of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 and Listeria Innocua by Benzoic Acid, Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid and Their Combination in Model Wash Water and Simulated Spinach Washing. J Food Sci 2018; 83:1032-1040. [PMID: 29488632 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
An antimicrobial effect of benzoic acid (BA) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was evaluated as a potential antimicrobial treatment against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria innocua. A 30 min exposure to the combination of 15 mM BA and 1 mM EDTA at 22 °C resulted in approximately 3 logarithmic reductions in stationary phase E. coli O157:H7. Logarithmic phase E. coli O157:H7 was more sensitive (P < 0.05) to the treatment and 1 mM EDTA alone caused more than 5 logarithmic reductions. L. innocua was also sensitive to a treatment with 15 mM BA alone, which induced 5 logarithmic reductions. By increasing the temperature of the solution containing 15 mM BA and 1 mM EDTA to 40 °C, more than 5 logarithmic reductions in stationary phase E. coli O157:H7 was observed after 5 min of treatment. However, the antimicrobial effect was attenuated (reaching less than 1 logarithmic reductions) at 4 °C. In addition, the combined BA and EDTA treatment retained its antimicrobial effect against E. coli O157:H7 for at least 6 cycles of treatment over 6 days at room temperature (22 °C). In a simulated spinach washing study, 15 mM BA and 1 mM EDTA together were able to prevent cross-contamination of E. coli O157:H7. The results highlight the potential use of combination of BA (15 mM) and EDTA (1 mM) to address microbial risk from E. coli O157:H7 and L. innocua in fresh produce industry. PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study demonstrates the effectiveness of benzoic acid (BA) and EDTA mixture in inactivating bacteria in the water used for produce washing and reducing the incidence of cross-contamination during washing of fresh produce. Use of BA + EDTA mixture has significant benefits such as: (a) ability to be reused, (b) effectiveness in the presence of organic matter, and (c) reduced need of monitoring wash water conditions such as pH, concentration and organic matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Alborzi
- Dept. of Nutrition and Food Science, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A
| | - Luis J Bastarrachea
- Dept. of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences, Utah State Univ., Logan, UT 84322, U.S.A
| | - Qiao Ding
- Dept. of Nutrition and Food Science, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A
| | - Rohan V Tikekar
- Dept. of Nutrition and Food Science, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A
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19
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Biofilm formation and microscopic analysis of biofilms formed by Listeria monocytogenes in a food processing context. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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20
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Atia A, Gomaa A, Fliss I, Beyssac E, Garrait G, Subirade M. A prebiotic matrix for encapsulation of probiotics: physicochemical and microbiological study. J Microencapsul 2016; 33:89-101. [PMID: 26805512 DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2015.1134688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This work aims to develop an encapsulated oral-synbiotic supplement by studying the effect of adding inulin in alginate beads and observing its ability to protect three probiotic strains: Pediocucus acidilactici, Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus salivarius. Beads of different inulin concentrations 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% (w/v) in 2% (w/v) alginate solution were prepared by the extrusion/ionotropic gelation method. Polymer distribution within beads was characterised using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Interactions between alginate and inulin were monitored by Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR). Effect of encapsulation on viability, antimicrobial ability, acid tolerance and bile tolerance of probiotic strains were investigated. Antimicrobial and probiotic properties of bacterial strains were not affected by encapsulation. Bacterial protection against acidity was increased by adding inulin. Beads with 5% w/v inulin were the most effective in bacterial protection against bile-salts. To our knowledge, this work is the first to use such high concentrations of inulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelbasset Atia
- a Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University , Quebec , QC , Canada
| | - Ahmed Gomaa
- a Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University , Quebec , QC , Canada ;,b Food Science and Nutrition Department , National Research Center , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Ismail Fliss
- a Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University , Quebec , QC , Canada
| | - Eric Beyssac
- c Faculté De Pharmacie , Université D'auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France
| | - Ghislain Garrait
- c Faculté De Pharmacie , Université D'auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France
| | - Muriel Subirade
- a Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University , Quebec , QC , Canada
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21
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Luo K, Hong SS, Wang J, Chung MJ, Deog-Hwan O. Development of Predictive Models for the Growth Kinetics of Listeria monocytogenes on Fresh Pork under Different Storage Temperatures. J Food Prot 2015; 78:921-6. [PMID: 25951385 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to develop a predictive model to estimate the growth of Listeria monocytogenes on fresh pork during storage at constant temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35°C). The Baranyi model was fitted to growth data (log CFU per gram) to calculate the specific growth rate (SGR) and lag time (LT) with a high coefficient of determination (R(2) > 0.98). As expected, SGR increased with a decline in LT with rising temperatures in all samples. Secondary models were then developed to describe the variation of SGR and LT as a function of temperature. Subsequently, the developed models were validated with additional independent growth data collected at 7, 17, 27, and 37°C and from published reports using proportion of relative errors and proportion of standard error of prediction. The proportion of relative errors of the SGR and LT models developed herein were 0.79 and 0.18, respectively. In addition, the standard error of prediction values of the SGR and LT of L. monocytogenes ranged from 25.7 to 33.1% and from 44.92 to 58.44%, respectively. These results suggest that the model developed in this study was capable of predicting the growth of L. monocytogenes under various isothermal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Luo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology and Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Korea
| | - Sung-Sam Hong
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology and Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Korea
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266-109, China
| | - Mi-Ja Chung
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology and Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Korea
| | - Oh Deog-Hwan
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology and Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Korea.
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22
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Meloni D. Presence of Listeria monocytogenes in Mediterranean-Style Dry Fermented Sausages. Foods 2015; 4:34-50. [PMID: 28231188 PMCID: PMC5302228 DOI: 10.3390/foods4010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The morphological, physiological and epidemiological features of L. monocytogenes, together with the severity of human listeriosis infections, make L. monocytogenes of particular concern for manufacturers of cold-stored "ready to eat" (RTE) foods. L. monocytogenes has been isolated from a wide variety of RTE foods and is responsible for several outbreaks associated with the consumption of RTE meat, poultry, dairy, fish and vegetable products. Although L. monocytogenes is among the most frequently-detected pathogens in dry fermented sausages, these products could be included in the category of RTE products in which the growth of L. monocytogenes is not favored and have rarely been implicated in listeriosis outbreaks. However, L. monocytogenes is highly difficult to control in fermented sausage processing environments due to its high tolerance to low pH and high salt concentration. In many Mediterranean-style dry fermented sausages, an empirical application of the hurdle technology often occurs and the frequent detection of L. monocytogenes in these products at the end of ripening highlights the need for food business operators to properly apply hurdle technology and to control the contamination routes of L. monocytogenes in the processing plants. In the following, through an up-to-date review of (personal and un-) published data, the main aspects of the presence of L. monocytogenes in Mediterranean-style dry fermented sausages will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Meloni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
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23
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Reducing the Occurrence of L. monocytogenes. LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES IN THE FOOD PROCESSING ENVIRONMENT 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16286-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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24
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Martín B, Perich A, Gómez D, Yangüela J, Rodríguez A, Garriga M, Aymerich T. Diversity and distribution of Listeria monocytogenes in meat processing plants. Food Microbiol 2014; 44:119-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2014.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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25
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Larivière-Gauthier G, Letellier A, Kérouanton A, Bekal S, Quessy S, Fournaise S, Fravalo P. Analysis of Listeria monocytogenes strain distribution in a pork slaughter and cutting plant in the province of Quebec. J Food Prot 2014; 77:2121-8. [PMID: 25474060 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Following the 2008 Canadian listeriosis outbreak associated with ready-to-eat (RTE) meat products, regulations on the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in RTE food production facilities were modified by Health Canada, confirming the need to control this pathogen, not only in the final product but also in the plant environment. Information on the occurrence of this microorganism during the early steps of production, such as the slaughtering process and in the cutting area, is scarce in Canada. In this study, we sampled different production steps in a slaughtering and cutting plant in the province of Quebec over a 2-year period. The lairage pens, representative areas of the slaughter line, and cutting zones were targeted after their respective cleaning procedures. A total of 874 samples were analyzed for the presence of L. monocytogenes. Characterization was done by first genoserogrouping the isolates using multiplex PCR and then using a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis approach. L. monocytogenes was detected throughout all production stages. The 108 positive samples found were analyzed further, and we established that there were 4 different serogroups, with serogroup IIb being the most prevalent. The results of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis showed a significant decrease in the diversity of strains from the first areas of the plant to the cutting room (10 pulsotypes in 13 positive samples in lairage and 9 in 86 positive samples in cutting) and also showed the overrepresentation of a single predominant strain in the cutting room environment (type 1, representing 96.1% of the isolates). Biofilm formation analysis of the strains cannot exclusively explain the transitions we observed. A strong genotypic similarity between strains isolated in the early production areas and some strains in the cutting room was shown. These results support the need for better surveillance of L. monocytogenes prior to RTE food production in order to design control strategies that are better adapted from a public health perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Larivière-Gauthier
- Chaire de Recherche en Salubrité des Viandes (CRSV), Groupe de Recherche et d'Enseignement en Salubrité Alimentaire (GRESA), Groupe de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses du Porc (GREMIP), and Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie Porcine et Aviaire (CRIPA), Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Montreal, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 3200 Sicotte Street, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada J2S 7C6
| | - Ann Letellier
- Chaire de Recherche en Salubrité des Viandes (CRSV), Groupe de Recherche et d'Enseignement en Salubrité Alimentaire (GRESA), Groupe de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses du Porc (GREMIP), and Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie Porcine et Aviaire (CRIPA), Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Montreal, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 3200 Sicotte Street, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada J2S 7C6
| | - Annaëlle Kérouanton
- Anses, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané, Unité Hygiène et Qualité des Produits Avicoles et Porcines (HQPAP), BP 53, Ploufragan, 22440, France
| | - Sadjia Bekal
- Laboratoire de Santé Publique du Québec, 20045 Sainte-Marie Ch, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada H9X 3R5
| | - Sylvain Quessy
- Chaire de Recherche en Salubrité des Viandes (CRSV), Groupe de Recherche et d'Enseignement en Salubrité Alimentaire (GRESA), Groupe de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses du Porc (GREMIP), and Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie Porcine et Aviaire (CRIPA), Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Montreal, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 3200 Sicotte Street, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada J2S 7C6
| | - Sylvain Fournaise
- Olymel S.E.C./L.P., 1580 Eiffel Street, Boucherville, Québec, Canada J4B 5Y1
| | - Philippe Fravalo
- Chaire de Recherche en Salubrité des Viandes (CRSV), Groupe de Recherche et d'Enseignement en Salubrité Alimentaire (GRESA), Groupe de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses du Porc (GREMIP), and Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie Porcine et Aviaire (CRIPA), Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Montreal, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 3200 Sicotte Street, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada J2S 7C6.
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26
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Meloni D, Consolati SG, Mazza R, Mureddu A, Fois F, Piras F, Mazzette R. Presence and molecular characterization of the major serovars of Listeria monocytogenes in ten Sardinian fermented sausage processing plants. Meat Sci 2014; 97:443-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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27
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Meloni D, Piras F, Mureddu A, Fois F, Consolati SG, Lamon S, Mazzette R. Listeria monocytogenes in five Sardinian swine slaughterhouses: prevalence, serotype, and genotype characterization. J Food Prot 2013; 76:1863-7. [PMID: 24215688 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In a 3-year study (2008 to 2011) to estimate the prevalence and the contamination sources of Listeria monocytogenes in pork meat in Sardinia, Italy, 211 samples were collected from five Sardinian swine slaughterhouses: 171 samples from slaughtered pigs and 40 from the slaughterhouse environment. Fifty L. monocytogenes isolates were characterized by PCR-based serotyping, presence of virulence-associated genes, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis restriction analysis. The overall prevalence of L. monocytogenes was 33% in swine carcasses, 7% in cecal material, 23% on meat contact surfaces, and 25% on noncontact surfaces. Only two serotypes were detected: 1/2c (78%) and 1/2a (22%). In all, based on the presence of virulence-associated genes, eight pathogenic profiles were detected. Only 42% of all isolates carried the full complement of virulence-associated genes and were allotted to profile 1. Six pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles persisted in the slaughterhouses; restriction profiles appeared to be specific to each plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Meloni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
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Ortiz S, López V, Garriga M, Martínez-Suárez JV. Antilisterial effect of two bioprotective cultures in a model system of Iberian chorizo fermentation. Int J Food Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sagrario Ortiz
- Department of Food Technology; Spanish National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA); Autopista A6, km 7.5 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Victoria López
- Bioinformatics and Public Health Unit; National Institute of Health Carlos III; 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid Spain
| | - Margarita Garriga
- Food Safety Program; Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (IRTA); 17121 Monells Girona Spain
| | - Joaquín V. Martínez-Suárez
- Department of Food Technology; Spanish National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA); Autopista A6, km 7.5 28040 Madrid Spain
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Mendonça KS, Michael GB, von Laer AE, Menezes DB, Cardoso MRI, da Silva WP. Genetic relatedness among Listeria monocytogenes isolated in foods and food production chain in southern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Food Control 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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30
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Gómez D, Ariño A, Carramiñana JJ, Rota C, Yangüela J. Comparison of sampling procedures for recovery of Listeria monocytogenes from stainless steel food contact surfaces. J Food Prot 2012; 75:1077-82. [PMID: 22691475 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A number of techniques exist for microbiological sampling of food processing environments in food industries. In the present study the efficacies of nine sampling procedures for the recovery of Listeria monocytogenes from food contact surfaces, including a new sampling device consisting of a miniroller, were evaluated and compared. A stainless steel table was inoculated with L. monocytogenes strain 935 (serovar 4b, human origin) and L. monocytogenes strain 437/07 (serovar 1/2b, food origin), at 10(5) CFU/100 cm(2). L. monocytogenes strain 935 was best recovered with the minirollers (recovery of up to 6.27%), while poor recoveries (<0.30%) were obtained with the towel (one-ply composite tissue), alginate swab, metallic swab, and Petrifilm methods. In the case of L. monocytogenes strain 437/07 the replicate organism detection and counting (RODAC) ALOA contact plates yielded the best recoveries (4.15%), followed by the minirollers (up to 1.52%). Overall, recovery percentages with the minirollers were higher with stomacher homogenization than with Vibromatic agitation. The recovery percentages obtained for the Listeria strain of human origin were higher than those obtained with the food strain for all sampling procedures except Petrifilm and RODAC ALOA. With the miniroller device coated with wool fiber, the recovery of L. monocytogenes can be improved from 2 to 17 times over recoveries obtained with the sponge and cotton swab. This is the first report of a miniroller device for microbiological sampling in the available literature. The novel sampling procedure is convenient to apply on surfaces, is cost-effective, and results in better recovery of L. monocytogenes than do the conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Gómez
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, Veterinary Faculty, University of Zaragoza, c/ Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
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Del Olmo A, Calzada J, Nuñez M. Effect of lactoferrin and its derivatives against gram-positive bacteria in vitro and, combined with high pressure, in chicken breast fillets. Meat Sci 2011; 90:71-6. [PMID: 21703778 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Revised: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The bactericidal activity of lactoferrin (LF), amidated lactoferrin (AMILF), pepsin digested lactoferrin (PDLF), and its activated (ALF) commercial form, against six strains of three gram-positive bacterial species was investigated. Listeria monocytogenes was most sensitive in vitro, Staphylococcus aureus showed a moderate resistance, and Enterococus faecalis was highly resistant to antimicrobials. When chicken breast fillets were inoculated with L. monocytogenes CECT5725 and treated with antimicrobials, reductions were below 0.5 logCFU/ml in all cases. In combination with high pressure (HHP) treatment at 400 MPa for 10 min, antimicrobials showed a slight additional bactericidal effect, always below 1 logCFU/g. Incorporation of antimicrobials 18 h before or 1 h after HHP treatment generally yielded better results than incorporation 1 h before HHP treatment, although reductions remained below 1.5 logCFU/g in all cases. LF and its derivatives showed a limited potential for pathogen control in meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Del Olmo
- Departamento de Tecnología de los Alimentos, INIA, Carretera de la Coruña Km 7, Madrid 28040, Spain
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Takahashi H, Kuramoto S, Miya S, Kimura B. Desiccation survival of Listeria monocytogenes and other potential foodborne pathogens on stainless steel surfaces is affected by different food soils. Food Control 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ortiz S, López V, Villatoro D, López P, Dávila JC, Martínez-Suárez JNV. A 3-year surveillance of the genetic diversity and persistence of Listeria monocytogenes in an Iberian pig slaughterhouse and processing plant. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2010; 7:1177-84. [PMID: 20578911 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2010.0535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Contamination routes of Listeria monocytogenes were examined for 3 years in an Iberian pork-processing plant that produced high-quality ready-to-eat meat products. Molecular subtypes of L. monocytogenes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-based serotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) restriction analysis. A total of 541 L. monocytogenes isolates were recovered from the environment and equipment (n = 165), carcasses (n = 28), raw products (n = 321), and dry-cured products (n = 27). Only 29 different PFGE types were identified, 3 of which were repeatedly found to be persistent types and accounted for 73% of the isolates. One PFGE type dominated (45% of the isolates) and was mostly recovered from intermediate manufactured products and the environment of the manufacturing area. L. monocytogenes persistence appeared strongly linked to the manufacture of products and not to its sustained entrance with the raw material. Some clones were found to survive in the manufacturing area for 3 years. Controlling the contamination of raw ingredients, improving the compartmentalization, and changing the cleaning protocols resulted in reduced prevalence rates of L. monocytogenes on products; two persistent PFGE types were eliminated from the processing plant, although eradication of other adapted strains has not been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagrario Ortiz
- Department of Food Technology, Spanish National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Madrid, Spain
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Vázquez-Villanueva J, Orgaz B, Ortiz S, López V, Martínez-Suárez JV, SanJose C. Predominance and Persistence of a Single Clone of Listeria ivanovii in a Manchego Cheese Factory Over 6 Months. Zoonoses Public Health 2010; 57:402-10. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2009.01232.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chitlapilly Dass S, Abu-Ghannam N, Antony-Babu S, J. Cummins E. Ecology and molecular typing of L. monocytogenes in a processing plant for cold-smoked salmon in the Republic of Ireland. Food Res Int 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2010.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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36
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Oliveira MMMD, Brugnera DF, Cardoso MDG, Alves E, Piccoli RH. Disinfectant action of Cymbopogon sp. essential oils in different phases of biofilm formation by Listeria monocytogenes on stainless steel surface. Food Control 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2009.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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de Oliveira MMM, Brugnera DF, Alves E, Piccoli RH. Biofilm formation by Listeria monocytogenes on stainless steel surface and biotransfer potential. Braz J Microbiol 2010; 41:97-106. [PMID: 24031469 PMCID: PMC3768615 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838220100001000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2009] [Accepted: 05/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An experimental model was proposed to study biofilm formation by Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19117 on AISI 304 (#4) stainless steel surface and biotransfer potential during this process. In this model, biofilm formation was conducted on the surface of stainless steel coupons, set on a stainless steel base with 4 divisions, each one supporting 21 coupons. Trypic Soy Broth was used as bacterial growth substrate, with incubation at 37 °C and stirring of 50 rpm. The number of adhered cells was determined after 3, 48, 96, 144, 192 and 240 hours of biofilm formation and biotransfer potential from 96 hours. Stainless steel coupons were submitted to Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) after 3, 144 and 240 hours. Based on the number of adhered cells and SEM, it was observed that L. monocytogenes adhered rapidly to the stainless steel surface, with mature biofilm being formed after 240 hours. The biotransfer potential of bacterium to substrate occurred at all the stages analyzed. The rapid capacity of adhesion to surface, combined with biotransfer potential throughout the biofilm formation stages, make L. monocytogenes a potential risk to the food industry. Both the experimental model developed and the methodology used were efficient in the study of biofilm formation by L. monocytogenes on stainless steel surface and biotransfer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eduardo Alves
- Departamento de Fitopatologia,Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brasil
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Miyasaki KN, Chiarini E, Sant´Ana ADS, Destro MT, Landgraf M, Franco BDGDM. High prevalence, low counts and uncommon serotypes of Listeria monocytogenes in linguiça, a Brazilian fresh pork sausage. Meat Sci 2009; 83:523-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Revised: 06/25/2009] [Accepted: 06/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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von Laer AE, de Lima AS, Trindade PDS, Andriguetto C, Destro MT, da Silva WP. Characterization of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from a fresh mixed sausage processing line in Pelotas-RS by PFGE. Braz J Microbiol 2009; 40:574-82. [PMID: 24031402 PMCID: PMC3768533 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838220090003000021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2008] [Revised: 09/25/2008] [Accepted: 05/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a bacterium capable to adhere to the surfaces of equipment and utensils and subsequently form biofilms. It can to persist in the food processing environmental for extended periods of time being able to contaminate the final product. The aim of this study was to trace the contamination route of L. monocytogenes on a fresh mixed sausage processing line, from raw material to the final product. The isolates obtained were characterized by serotyping and molecular typing by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) using the restriction enzymes ApaI and AscI. L. monocytogenes was detected in 25% of the samples. The samples of raw material were not contaminated, however, the microorganism was detected in 21% of the environmental samples (food contact and non-food contact), 20.8% of the equipments, 20% of the food worker's hands, 40% of the mass ready to packaging and in all the final products samples, demonstrating that the contamination of final product occurred during the processing and the importance of cross contamination. PFGE yielded 22 pulsotypes wich formed 7 clusters, and serotyping yielded 3 serotypes and 1 serogroup, however, the presence of serotypes 4b and 1/2b in the final product is of great concern for public health. The tracing of contamination showed that some strains are adapted and persisted in the processing environment in this industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Eucares von Laer
- Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos, Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Andréia Saldanha de Lima
- Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos, Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Paula dos Santos Trindade
- Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos, Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Cristiano Andriguetto
- Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Maria Teresa Destro
- Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Wladimir Padilha da Silva
- Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos, Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
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López V, Ortiz S, Corujo A, López P, Poza D, Navas J, Moreno R, Martínez-Suárez JV. Different contamination patterns of lineage I and II strains of Listeria monocytogenes in a Spanish broiler abattoir. Poult Sci 2008; 87:1874-82. [PMID: 18753457 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2007-00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether genetically similar or diverse strains of Listeria monocytogenes colonize the environment and carcasses in a single Spanish broiler abattoir over time. The study was composed of 5 surveys over a 1.5-yr period and included the monitoring of cleaning and disinfection procedures. Overall, a total of 212 samples were tested for the presence of L. monocytogenes, and 31% of the samples were found to be positive. Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from carcasses and product contact and noncontact sites in the evisceration and carcass classification areas of the abattoir. A total of 132 L. monocytogenes isolates were characterized by PCR-based serotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) restriction analysis with the endonucleases ApaI and AscI. Molecular serotyping showed that L. monocytogenes isolates were of serotypes 1/2a and 1/2b. Isolates of serotype 1/2b (89.4%) were contaminating carcasses as well as environmental product contact and noncontact sites, whereas isolates of serotype 1/2a (10.6%) were recovered only from environmental product noncontact sites. A relatively low genetic diversity was found in this group of L. monocytogenes isolates from the abbatoir; only 14 different PFGE types (A1 to A14) were obtained. Nine pulsotypes belonging to serotype 1/2b (lineage I) were grouped in only one PFGE genetic cluster, whereas 5 pulsotypes belonging to serotype 1/2a (lineage II) were grouped into 4 PFGE genetic clusters. Two genetically related pulsotypes of serotype 1/2b (A1 and A2, 64.4% of the isolates) predominated and persisted in the abattoir. Our study indicated that a few strains of L. monocytogenes lineage I that were genetically very closely related might be specifically adapted to colonizing the evisceration zone of the abattoir and were predominant on carcasses over 1 yr. On the other hand, a genetically diverse group of lineage II strains were present in the abattoir environment, but never contaminated carcasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- V López
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Carretera de La Coruña km 7'5, Madrid, Spain
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