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Yalcintan H, Kecici PD, Yilmaz A, Ekiz B. Carcass characteristics and meat quality of goat kids according to the Colomer - Rocher carcass fatness and conformation classes. Meat Sci 2024; 214:109521. [PMID: 38678863 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2024.109521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Classifying kid carcasses according to their fatness and conformation scores guides producers toward higher quality and income-generating production methods and determines the ideal slaughter time. This study aimed to determine the effects of Colomer-Rocher fatness and conformation classes on carcass and meat quality characteristics in goat kids. A total of 102 male kid carcasses were used in the study. Carcasses were divided into fatness (1-, 1, 1+, 2-) and conformation (P-, P, P+; O-) classes according to the Colomer-Rocher classification, and these groups were accepted as the experimental group. Hierarchical clustering analysis divided the kid carcasses into 5 clusters using certain carcass characteristics. Differences between clusters in most of the carcass characteristics were significant. The difference between the cluster groups in terms of meat colour and sensory characteristics was also significant. Fatness and conformation classes significantly affected most characteristics except kidney knob and channel fat (KKCF) percentages and carcass joints percentages. The Colomer-Rocher conformation classification was found to be more discriminatory in terms of meat quality than the fatness classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hulya Yalcintan
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Veterinary Faculty, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Buyukcekmece, Istanbul 34500, Turkey.
| | - Pembe Dilara Kecici
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Veterinary Faculty, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Buyukcekmece, Istanbul 34500, Turkey
| | - Alper Yilmaz
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Veterinary Faculty, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Buyukcekmece, Istanbul 34500, Turkey
| | - Bulent Ekiz
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Veterinary Faculty, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Buyukcekmece, Istanbul 34500, Turkey
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Ekiz B, Kecici PD, Oğrak YZ, Yalcintan H, Yilmaz A. Carcass characteristics and meat quality of thin-tailed Kivircik and fat-tailed Kangal Akkaraman lambs according to EUROP carcass fatness and conformation classes. Meat Sci 2024; 207:109379. [PMID: 37924644 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
A carcass classification method is expected to effectively categorize carcasses based on both carcass and meat quality criteria. Localisation of adipose tissue on the carcass differs between thin- and fat-tailed sheep breeds, which may influence the effectiveness of the EUROP classification system in distinguishing lamb carcasses. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of EUROP carcass fatness and conformation classes on carcass characteristics and meat quality in thin-tailed Kivircik and fat-tailed Kangal Akkaraman lambs. Slaughtering, carcass, and meat quality data of 115 lambs (67 Kivircik and 48 Kangal Akkaraman) were examined. Hierarchical cluster analysis yielded 3 clusters in both breeds. Differences among lamb carcasses in different clusters were significant for nearly all carcass characteristics in both breeds. Fatness and conformation classes significantly influenced on most of the carcass characteristics in both breeds. However, the effect of fatness class on percentages of valuable joints, and the effect of conformation class on hind limb tissue composition were not significant in Kangal Akkaraman lambs. As carcass fatness and conformation classes increased in Kivircik lambs, meat colour became darker. In Kangal Akkaraman lambs, fatness class had no influence on meat colour. The effects of fatness and conformation classes on sensory characteristics were not significant in both breeds, except fatness effect on odour intensity in Kangal Akkaraman lambs. In conclusion, the EUROP classification system may not be as effective in distinguishing carcass and meat quality in Kangal Akkaraman lambs as in the Kivircik breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulent Ekiz
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34500 Buyukcekmece, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - P Dilara Kecici
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34500 Buyukcekmece, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Y Ziya Oğrak
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sivas 58140, Turkey
| | - Hulya Yalcintan
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34500 Buyukcekmece, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alper Yilmaz
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34500 Buyukcekmece, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ianni A, Bennato F, Martino C, Di Luca A, Martino G. Qualitative attributes of meat from Teramana goat kids, an Italian native breed of the Abruzzo region. Anim Biosci 2022; 35:1091-1099. [PMID: 34991229 PMCID: PMC9271378 DOI: 10.5713/ab.21.0352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this work was the characterization of the qualitative aspects of meat obtained from Teramana goats, an Italian indigenous breed of the Abruzzo region. Specifically, the study included a comparison with meat samples deriving from Saanen goat kids reared in the same environment and applying the same feeding protocol.Methods: Upon reaching about 7 months of age the animals were slaughtered and samples of muscle tissue were collected to be analyzed. Specifically, meat samples were subjected to evaluations of the physical parameters, including color and the meat ability to retain water, in addition to chemical evaluations that were focused to the determination of the total lipids amount, fatty acids composition, lipid oxidation, and volatile profile.Results: The meat samples obtained from the indigenous breed showed a less intense reddish color and no significant variations for the muscle tissue tendency to retain water, both regarding fresh and cooked meat. Several differences were instead observed in the fatty acid profile. The Teramana samples were richer in saturated fatty acids (p<0.01) and interestingly showed higher concentrations of rumenic acid (p<0.05), a conjugate of linoleic acid that has been associated with important health benefits for the consumers. Another important finding for these meat samples was the marked resistance to oxidative events, as evidenced by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances-test (p<0.05) and by the characterization of the volatile profile that highlighted a strong reduction in the relative percentage of hexanal (p<0.05), commonly associated to lipid oxidation and the development of unpleasant aromatic notes.Conclusion: The collected data, therefore appeared useful for the valorization of the food product derived from the Teramana goat, although no sensory information has been collected to define the degree of acceptability by the consumers.
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Effect of slaughter weight on slaughtering and carcass characteristics in lambs from thin-tailed Kivircik and fat-tailed Kangal Akkaraman breeds. Small Rumin Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Tüfekci H, Olfaz M. Quality traits and fatty acid composition in meat of Hair Goat and Saanen × Hair Goat (G 1) crossbred kids fattened in different systems. Arch Anim Breed 2021; 64:305-314. [PMID: 34345652 PMCID: PMC8320521 DOI: 10.5194/aab-64-305-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, meat quality traits and fatty acid compositions of Hair Goat and Saanen × Hair Goat (G1) crossbred kids fattened
under intensive, semi-intensive and extensive conditions were determined. For meat quality traits, differences in pH24h,
pH45min, drip loss, water holding capacity, cooking loss and Warner–Bratzler peak shear force values of the experimental groups were
not found to be significant. According to colour measurements at the 0th and 45th minute, the extensive fattening group of Hair Goat kids had greater
lightness (L∗) values and the intensive fattening group of Hair Goat kids had greater redness (a∗) values. For intensive, semi-intensive
and extensive fattening groups of Hair Goat kids, total saturated fatty acid contents of longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle samples were
respectively measured as 19.28 %, 23.75 % and 23.35 %. Total monounsaturated fatty acid contents were respectively measured as 67.30 %,
66.22 % and 65.72 %. Total polyunsaturated fatty acid contents were respectively measured as 5.46 %, 3.06 % and 3.16 % and conjugate
linoleic acid contents were respectively measured as 0.48 %, 0.55 % and 0.65 %. For intensive, semi-intensive and extensive fattening
groups of Saanen × Hair Goat (G1) kids, total saturated fatty acid contents of LD muscle samples
were respectively measured as 21.01 %; 21.98 %, 19.10 %; total monounsaturated fatty acid contents were respectively measured as
64.04 %, 64.33 %, 52.44 %. Total polyunsaturated fatty acid contents were respectively measured as 3.53 %, 4.89 % and 4.84 %
and conjugate linoleic acid contents were respectively measured as 0.52 %, 0.58 % and 0.73 %. It was concluded that the extensive fattening
group had greater conjugated linoleic acid contents than the other fattening groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hacer Tüfekci
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, Yozgat Bozok University, 66100, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Olfaz
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55200, Samsun, Turkey
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Evaluation of the functionality of EUROP carcass classification system in thin-tailed and fat-tailed lambs. Meat Sci 2021; 181:108603. [PMID: 34144343 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim of study was to investigate the relationship of EUROP carcass fatness and conformation classes with carcass and meat quality characteristics in thin-tailed (Kivircik) and a fat-tailed (Kangal Akkaraman) lambs. A total of 96 lamb carcasses (48 Kivircik and 48 Kangal Akkaraman breed) were examined. Distribution of carcasses in conformation and fatness classes were more limited in Kangal Akkaraman carcasses. More accurate predictions were obtained in Kivircik lambs compared to Kangal Akkaraman lambs in terms of backfat thickness, kidney knob and channel fat percentage, longissimus thoracis muscle area, weights of high-value carcass joints, weights of tissues in the hind limb and muscle/bone ratio. EUROP classification system was not appropriate for predicting meat quality in thin-tailed and fat-tailed lambs. The combination of EUROP fatness and conformation classes with cold carcass weight can be used to predict weights of high-value carcass joints and weights of hind limb tissues.
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Erol H, Ünal N. Meat production traits of Angora goat 1: fattening, slaughter, and carcass characteristics of intact and castrated kids. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:142. [PMID: 33502588 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02586-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fattening performance, slaughter, and carcass traits of intact and castrated Angora goat kids slaughtered at different slaughter weights were examined. A total of 96 (48 intact, I-kids, and 48 castrated, C-kids) single Angora kids were fattened, and 48 of them (24 I-kids and 24 C-kids) were slaughtered at slaughter weights (SW) of 20, 25, and 30 kg. Castration negatively affected fattening performance, and the kids showed rising daily weight gain with increasing SW. While dressing percentages were not affected by castration, it caused a tendency for a decrease in offal. However, with the increase in SW, dressing percentages increased, and offal decreased. Castration increased non-carcass fat percentages and back fat depth. The proportions of individual cuts did not generally vary because of castration but changed with SW; foreleg percentages decreased (P < 0.001) while neck percentages increased (P < 0.05). Carcass composition was affected by castration; the percentages of carcass lean (P < 0.001) and bone (P < 0.01) dropped, and total fat (P < 0.001) increased. SW had an impact on carcass composition; the percentages of carcass bone (P < 0.001) declined, and lean (P < 0.001) and total fat (P < 0.001) raised as SW increased. The lean/fat ratio was affected by castration (P < 0.001) and increasing SW (P < 0.05). Castration reduced the lean percentage in all cuts. The leg showed the highest lean percentage, whereas the greatest fat ratio was found in the breast+flank in all SW groups. Consequently, castration of Angora male kids negatively affected fattening performance and altered the carcass composition, while the increase in slaughter weight improved fattening performance and slaughter and carcass characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halil Erol
- Edremit Directorate of District Agriculture and Forestry, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Necmettin Ünal
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ankara, 06110, Ankara, Turkey.
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Ergul Ekiz E, Yalcintan H, Ekiz B. Haematological stress parameters and behavioural characteristics of dairy type goat kids compared to indigenous breeds during an intensive fattening programme. Arch Anim Breed 2020; 63:441-450. [PMID: 33473369 PMCID: PMC7810234 DOI: 10.5194/aab-63-441-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In any production model, the extent to which the animals cope with the
environment is important in terms of animal welfare and sustainability of
production. The aim of the study was to investigate certain haematological
parameters and behaviours of goat kids from dairy type Saanen and Maltese
breeds via comparison with indigenous Hair and Gokceada breeds during the
10-week intensive fattening period. Eleven male goat kids each of
Saanen, Maltese, Hair and Gokceada breeds were weaned at 3–3.5 months of age
and then placed into four fattening pens prepared for each breed,
separately. Cortisol, glucose and total protein levels were higher in
Gokceada kids in the last period of the fattening compared to the kids of
other breeds (P<0.05). In Gokceada kids, an evident decrease in the time spent
hay feeding and on rumination and an increase in lying, standing and
self-grooming behaviours were determined during the last 3 weeks of
fattening. Moreover, there was a significant decrease regarding hay feeding
in Hair goat kids in the last 2 weeks (P<0.05). Hair goat kids also exhibited
less rumination behaviour compared to Saanen kids during the last 4 weeks
of fattening (P<0.05). On the other hand, kids of dairy breeds did not express
behavioural or biochemical stress responses during the fattening period. As
a conclusion, when evaluated in terms of animal welfare, results of the
current study may indicate that indigenous breeds, especially Gokceada kids,
are not appropriate for intensive fattening in a pen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Ergul Ekiz
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, 34500, Turkey
| | - Hulya Yalcintan
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, 34500, Turkey
| | - Bulent Ekiz
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, 34500, Turkey
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Sustainable Rearing for Kid Meat Production in Southern Italy Marginal Areas: A Comparison among Three Genotypes. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12176922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable goat breeding plays an important role in the economy of marginal areas. The present study aimed to compare performances and meat quality traits in kids of a native Apulian genotype (Garganica) in comparison with two Mediterranean breeds (Maltese and Derivata di Siria). Kids suckled dam milk until they were 21 (±2) days old, hence three groups of 12 male kids per each genotype were made. The kids received a pelleted feed ad libitum in addition to dam milk and were slaughtered at 60 days of age. The Maltese kids showed the lowest net cold-dressing percentage, with statistical differences compared to Garganica and Derivata di Siria. Meat obtained from Garganica kids showed a rosy color due to a significantly lower a* index and were also more tender since a lower WBS was recorded in comparison with the other two genotypes. As for the nutritional value of meat, the best n-6/n-3 ratio was found for the Derivata di Siria breed. In conclusion, Garganica kid meat showed the lowest content of SFA and atherogenic index, with potential beneficial effects for human health.
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Ekiz B, Baygul O, Yalcintan H, Ozcan M. Comparison of the decision tree, artificial neural network and multiple regression methods for prediction of carcass tissues composition of goat kids. Meat Sci 2019; 161:108011. [PMID: 31760323 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.108011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to predict carcass tissue composition of goat kids using the decision tree with CHAID algorithm (DT) and artificial neural network (ANN) method in comparison with classical step-wise regression (SWR) analyse. Data were obtained from 57 goat kids of Gokceada breed. Predictor variables were pre-slaughter weight, several carcass measurements and indices, weights of different carcass joints and dressing percentage. R2 values ranging from 0.212 to 0.371 indicating low to moderate accuracy were obtained for predicting muscle proportion. DT and ANN yielded similar R2 values for predicting bone proportion. DT was the best prediction method for estimating proportions of subcutaneous fat (R2 = 0.828) and intermuscular fat (R2 = 0.789). According to DT analyses, cold carcass weight was the most important factor influencing bone proportion, while kidney knob and channel fat weight was the predominant factor influencing subcutaneous, intermuscular and total fat proportions. Consequently, the use of DT method can be considered to predict carcass fat proportions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulent Ekiz
- Veterinary Faculty, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Oguzhan Baygul
- Student in Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hulya Yalcintan
- Veterinary Faculty, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozcan
- Veterinary Faculty, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
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Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Conventionally and Organically Reared Suckling Dairy Goat Kids of the Payoya Breed. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2019-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The viability of conventional goat farms, such as the native Payoya dairy goat, could be improved by switching to organic production, but product quality needs to be ensured. The present work assesses the carcass and meat quality of Payoya kids raised under conventional and organic grazing-based systems. Twenty-four kids (12 males, 12 females) were selected from each system (n = 48). The slaughter live weight (8.52 vs. 8.28 kg), cold carcass weight (4.44 vs. 4.29 kg) and farm dressing percentage (51.7 vs. 50%) of the conventionally raised kids were significantly higher than those of the organic kids. The shoulder (first category) (21.7 vs. 22.3%) and long leg (32 vs. 32.9%) percentages were lower in the conventional than in the organic kids. The percentage contribution of the intermuscular fat (10.70 vs. 8.11%) to the shoulder weight was greater in the conventional kids, while the percentages of muscle (59.7 vs. 57.2%) and bone (24.7 vs. 22.8%) were higher in the organic kids. For the chemical composition, there were only differences between the two sexes in the percentage of fat (6.64 and 7.99% on dry matter, for male and female, respectively). For rheological variables, only differences were found in the water holding capacity (% water expelled), the meat of the organic females had a higher value (17%) than that of the conventional females (14%). For the meat colour, the conventional male kids returned the highest values for C* and Hº (14.32 and 64.34, respectively). Farms following conventional grazing-based management could easily switch to organic production. Most of the meat and carcass quality variables studied were very similar across the systems.
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Ripoll G, Alcalde MJ, Argüello A, Córdoba MDG, Panea B. Effect of the rearing system on the color of four muscles of suckling kids. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:1502-1511. [PMID: 31024724 PMCID: PMC6475763 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Most suckling kids are raised on farms for cheese production, and many goat farmers rear kids with milk replacers. The aim of this work was to study the influence of the use of milk replacers on the color of four muscles. A total of 246 suckling kids of eight breeds were slaughtered to achieve carcasses of 5 kg. The color of the biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and longissimus thoracis muscles was measured with a spectrophotometer, and CIELab coordinates were registered. In addition, the pH of longissimus thoracis was measured. The effect of the rearing system (RS) on the color of the studied muscles is strongly modulated by breed. In general terms, there are two groups of kids according to the color of meat. The first group has great lightness and hue angle including Malagueña, Palmera, and Tinerfeña fed natural and artificial milk. The second group with great redness includes Retinta, Payoya, and Verata fed natural and artificial milk together with Florida fed natural milk and Cabra del Guadarrama fed milk replacers. Hence, farms should consider selecting a breed and RS together. Most of the kid meat with high pH comes from kids raised on milk replacers. Because artificial RSs use very early weaning, which might induce a high pH and dark meat, two artificial rearing strategies can be proposed. The first strategy is to choose less sensitive breeds that produce meat with a normal pH. The second strategy is to restrict suckling of natural milk but minimize separation from the mother.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Ripoll
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón—IA2—(CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza)ZaragozaSpain
- Animal Production and Health UnitCentro de Investigación y Tecnologia Agroalimentaria de AragónZaragozaSpain
| | | | | | - María de Guía Córdoba
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA)Escuela de Ingeniería AgrariasUniversidad de ExtremaduraBadajozSpain
| | - Begoña Panea
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón—IA2—(CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza)ZaragozaSpain
- Animal Production and Health UnitCentro de Investigación y Tecnologia Agroalimentaria de AragónZaragozaSpain
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Carcass and meat quality traits of Saanen goat kids reared under natural and artificial systems and slaughtered at different ages. ACTA VET BRNO 2018. [DOI: 10.2754/avb201887030293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Production of high-quality carcass and meat from goat kids may contribute to an increase in goat farming profitability. The aim was to compare carcass and meat quality traits of Saanen goat kids raised under natural (NR) and artificial (AR) rearing systems and slaughtered at 80 days and 120 days of age. The AR kids were separated from their dams immediately after birth and were fed with a commercial milk replacer, while the NR kids suckled their mothers. The rearing type did not affect the average daily gain, slaughter weight, hot carcass weight, empty body weight, commercial dressing percentage, subjective conformation and fatness scores. In parallel with the increase in slaughter age, the slaughter weight, hot carcass weight, empty body weight and subjective carcass conformation score increased. The rearing type had no effect on instrumental meat quality traits, except for meat Lightness (L*) and Hue values. Meat from NR kids had higher L* and Hue values 1 h and 24 h after cutting than those of AR kids. Warner-Bratzler shear force value increased with the slaughter age, but the meat lightness decreased. The ultimate pH was generally high in all groups, ranging between 5.94 and 6.10. The panellists evaluated the meat from NR kids to be more tender and juicy and also gave the highest tenderness scores to the meat obtained from the kids slaughtered at 80 days of age. As a conclusion, the slaughter age may be more determinant than the rearing type in the occurrence of carcass and meat quality characteristics.
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Yalcintan H, Ekiz B, Ozcan M. Comparison of meat quality characteristics and fatty acid composition of finished goat kids from indigenous and dairy breeds. Trop Anim Health Prod 2018; 50:1261-1269. [PMID: 29502289 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-1553-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the certain carcass and meat quality traits and also fatty acid composition of goat kids from indigenous breeds (Gokceada and Hair Goat) and dairy breeds (Saanen and Maltese). A total 40 male kids from Saanen, Gokceada, Maltese and Hair Goat breeds were collected from commercial farms after weaning. Kids were finished for 56 days with grower concentrate and alfalfa hay in the sheepfold until slaughter. Higher mean values were found for Saanen kids in terms of slaughter weight, hot carcass weight and real dressing compared with Maltese, Hair Goat and Gokceada kids under the same intensive conditions. On the other hand, there were no significant differences between breeds in terms of instrumental meat quality traits, except meat colour. Meat from Gokceada and Hair Goat kids had higher lightness and Hue angle values than Saanen kids after 24 h of blooming. High meat redness values were observed for Saanen kids after 0 and 1 h of blooming. Panellist appreciated cooked meat from Saanen and Maltese kids in overall acceptability. If the fatty acid composition of meat was taken into consideration, kids from Saanen and Gokceada breeds displayed better values, because of the lower ƩSFA percentage and higher desirable fatty acids (C18:0 + ΣMUFA + ΣPUFA) percentage than Maltese and Hair Goat kids. Our results indicate that male kids for Saanen which is dairy breed could be assessable for quality goat meat production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hulya Yalcintan
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Istanbul University Veterinary Faculty, Avcilar, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Bulent Ekiz
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Istanbul University Veterinary Faculty, Avcilar, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozcan
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Istanbul University Veterinary Faculty, Avcilar, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey
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Keles G, Kocaman V, Ustundag AO, Zungur A, Ozdogan M. Growth rate, carcass characteristics and meat quality of growing lambs fed buckwheat or maize silage. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017; 31:522-528. [PMID: 28728364 PMCID: PMC5838324 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study evaluated inclusion of buckwheat silage to the diet of growing lambs in terms of meat quality as compared to maize silage. Methods Buckwheat, rich in total phenols (TP, 33 g/kg dry matter [DM]), was harvested at the end of the milk stage and ensiled in 40 kg plastic bags after wilting (294 g/kg silage DM). A total of 18 growing lambs (21.6±1.2) were individually fed isonitrogenous and isoenergetic total mixed rations (TMR) for 75 d that either contained buckwheat or maize silage at DM proportions of 0.50. At the end of feeding trail all lambs were slaughtered to assess carcass characteristics and meat quality. Results Buckwheat silage increased (p<0.01) the DM intake of lambs as compared to maize silage, but had no effects (p>0.05) on live weight gain and feed efficiency. Carcass weight, dressing percentage, meat pH, water holding capacity, cooking loss, shear force (kg/cm2), and total viable bacteria count of meat did not differ (p>0.05) between the treatments. However, TP content of meat increased (p<0.001) by feeding buckwheat TMR. Feeding buckwheat TMR also decreased (p<0.05) the b* values of meat. Conclusion The results provide that buckwheat silage is palatable and could successfully include TMR of growing lambs with no adverse effects on performance, carcass and meat quality. Additionally, feeding buckwheat silage to lambs offers increased TP in meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurhan Keles
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09100, Turkey
| | - Veli Kocaman
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09100, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Onder Ustundag
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09100, Turkey
| | - Aslı Zungur
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09100, Turkey
| | - Mursel Ozdogan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09100, Turkey
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17
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Damascus kids’ slaughter, carcass and meat quality traits in different production systems using antioxidant supplementation. Small Rumin Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Ekiz B, Kocak O, Yalcintan H, Yilmaz A. Effects of suckling duration on growth, slaughtering and carcass quality characteristics of Kivircik lambs. Trop Anim Health Prod 2015; 48:395-401. [PMID: 26676241 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-015-0964-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Effects of suckling length (45, 75 and 120 days) and birth type (single and twin) on lamb growth, slaughtering and carcass quality characteristics were investigated using 40 Kivircik lambs. SC-45 and SC-75 lambs were weaned at 45 and 75 days of age, respectively, whilst SC-120 lambs remained with their mothers until the end of the experimental period. Lambs from all studied groups were slaughtered at 120 days of age. Weaning treatment caused a decrease in average daily gain in SC-45 and SC-75 lambs, and therefore, final weight was higher in SC-120 lambs than lambs from weaned groups. SC-120 lambs had higher empty body weight, cold carcass weight, dressing percentage, carcass measurements, carcass fatness (proportions of the kidney knob and channel fat, subcutaneous and intramuscular fat in pelvic limb) and non-carcass fatness (omental and mesenteric fat proportion) than weaned lambs. As a conclusion, the potential losses in meat production due to weaning should be considered before deciding the weaning of lambs at early ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulent Ekiz
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Istanbul University Veterinary Faculty, Avcilar, Istanbul, 34320, Turkey.
| | - Omur Kocak
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Istanbul University Veterinary Faculty, Avcilar, Istanbul, 34320, Turkey
| | - Hulya Yalcintan
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Istanbul University Veterinary Faculty, Avcilar, Istanbul, 34320, Turkey
| | - Alper Yilmaz
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Istanbul University Veterinary Faculty, Avcilar, Istanbul, 34320, Turkey
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19
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Umaraw P, Pathak V, Rajkumar V, Verma AK, Singh VP, Verma AK. Microbial quality, instrumental texture, and color profile evaluation of edible by-products obtained from Barbari goats. Vet World 2015; 8:97-102. [PMID: 27047004 PMCID: PMC4777820 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.97-102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Revised: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The study was conducted to estimate the contribution of edible byproducts of Barbari kids to their live and carcass weight as well as to assess textural and color characteristics and microbiological status of these byproducts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Percent live weight, Percent carcass weight, Texture, color, and microbiological analysis was done for edible byproducts viz. liver, heart, kidney, spleen, brain and testicle and longissimus dorsi muscle was taken as a reference. RESULTS The edible byproducts of Barbari kids constitute about 3% of the live weight of an animal of which liver contributed maximum (1.47%) followed by testicles (0.69%) and heart (0.41%). While the same constituted 3.57, 1.70, and 0.99%, respectively on carcass weight. There was significant (p<0.05) difference among all organs regarding textural properties. Liver required the maximum shear force and work of shear (121.48N and 32.19 kg-sec) followed by spleen and heart. All organs revealed characteristics color values (L*, a*, b*, chroma, and hue) which were significantly different (p<0.05) from muscle values. The total viable count, coliform count showed slight differences for all organs studied. The staphylococcus counts were low with little differences among organs. CONCLUSION Edible byproducts have a significant contribution to carcass weight which could enhance total edible portion of the carcass. Efficient utilization of these by-products returns good source of revenue to the meat industries. Textural and color analysis give information for their incorporation in comminuted meat products, and microbial study tells about the storage study. However, study was in the preliminary and basic step forward toward better utilization of 3% of live animal which could increase the saleable cost of animal by 6.94%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramila Umaraw
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V Pathak
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V Rajkumar
- Goat Products Technology Laboratory, Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arun K Verma
- Goat Products Technology Laboratory, Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V P Singh
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Akhilesh K Verma
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Özcan M, Demirel G, Yakan A, Ekiz B, Tölü C, Savaş T. Genotype, production system and sex effects on fatty acid composition of meat from goat kids. Anim Sci J 2014; 86:200-6. [PMID: 25186278 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Two trials were performed to assess the meat fatty acid profile of goat kids from different genotypes, production systems and sex. In the first trial, genotype effect was determined in 24 suckling male kids from Turkish Saanen, Maltese and Gokceada breeds. In the second trial, male and female Gokceada Goat kids were used to compare the effect of extensive and semi-intensive production systems on fatty acid composition of meat. Significant genotype effect was observed in the percentages of myristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16:0), oleic acid (C18:1 n-9), linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3), arachidonic acid (C20:4 n-6) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 n-3), despite no differences on the ratios of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids (PUFA/SFA) and n-6/n-3 (P > 0.05). The effect of production system had also significant effects on fatty acids, but sex only influenced significantly stearic acid (C18:0), C18:1 n-9 and C18:3 n-3 fatty acids and total PUFA level and PUFA/SFA ratio. This study confirms that dairy breeds are prone to produce higher levels of unsaturated fatty acids in their muscle. Meanwhile, meat from Gokceada goat kids, which is one of the indigenous breeds in Turkey, had similar PUFA/SFA and n-6/n-3 ratios to Turkish Saanen and Maltase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Özcan
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul University, Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
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21
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Effect of zilpaterol hydrochloride on growth performance and carcass characteristics of wether goats. Small Rumin Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2013.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Ozcan M, Yalcintan H, Tölü C, Ekiz B, Yilmaz A, Savaş T. Carcass and meat quality of Gokceada Goat kids reared under extensive and semi-intensive production systems. Meat Sci 2014; 96:496-502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Meat quality characteristics of Turkish indigenous Hair goat kids reared under traditional extensive production system: effects of slaughter age and gender. Trop Anim Health Prod 2013; 45:1297-304. [PMID: 23354991 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-013-0360-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Meat quality characteristics of Turkish indigenous Hair goat kids reared under an extensive production system were investigated in this study. A total of 60 Hair goat kids (30 females and 30 males) were slaughtered at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of ages. Slaughter age significantly affected meat quality characteristics. Cooking loss (P < 0.01) and shear force value (P < 0.001) increased with age. Meat color became darker red with increasing slaughter age (P < 0.001). The percentage of fat of musculus (M.) semimembranosus increased with age (P < 0.01). The percentage of saturated fatty acids was significantly higher (P < 0.01), whereas the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids was lower (P < 0.001) in the M. longissimus dorsi of the kids slaughtered at 3 months of age than those in the other age groups. The females had higher intramuscular fat than that in males (P < 0.001) and meat from male kids contained a higher percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acid than that from females (P < 0.01). In conclusion, meat from Hair kids slaughtered between 3 and 9 months of ages had better quality than those slaughtered at the other ages and also meat from male kids had better quality than those female kids slaughtered at the same age under extensive production system.
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Xazela N, Chimonyo M, Muchenje V, Marume U. Effect of sunflower cake supplementation on meat quality of indigenous goat genotypes of South Africa. Meat Sci 2012; 90:204-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2010] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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Ekiz B, Ekiz EE, Kocak O, Yalcintan H, Yilmaz A. Effect of pre-slaughter management regarding transportation and time in lairage on certain stress parameters, carcass and meat quality characteristics in Kivircik lambs. Meat Sci 2011; 90:967-76. [PMID: 22197098 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2010] [Revised: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Thirty Kivircik lambs were used to investigate effect of pre-slaughter treatment on certain haematological and biochemical parameters, carcass and meat quality characteristics. Lambs were divided into three treatments: 75 min transport and lairage for 18 h (TS-L18 h); 75 min transport and lairage for 30 min (TS-L30 min) and no pre-slaughter transport and lairage for 30 min (NTS). Treatment, as a main effect, did not influence haematological and biochemical parameters, but sampling time significantly affected these parameters, except total protein. Plasma cortisol concentration at exsanguination in TS-18 h, TS-30 min and NTS treatments were 117.34, 119.23 and 72.51 ng/ml, respectively. pH of longissimus dorsi muscle was higher in TS-L30 min than other treatments. TS-L30 min lambs had the highest shear force value, the lowest WHC and cooking loss. TS-L30 min treatment yielded the darkest meat immediately after cutting and 1 h later. Meat redness, yellowness and chroma values were similar in treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulent Ekiz
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Istanbul University, Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.
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26
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Ekiz B, Yilmaz A, Ozcan M, Kocak O. Effect of production system on carcass measurements and meat quality of Kivircik lambs. Meat Sci 2011; 90:465-71. [PMID: 21978412 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Revised: 07/10/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Effect of production system on carcass and meat quality was investigated in four groups of lambs: i. W-C lambs were weaned between 45 and 60 days of age and then were fattened with concentrate feed until slaughter; ii. W-G-S lambs were weaned and then taken to pasture and wheat stubble; iii. UW-C lambs were fattened with concentrate feed and they suckled their dams until slaughter; iv. UW-G lambs were kept with their dams and were taken to pasture in the day-time. Hot carcass weight was 13.62, 12.52, 14.37 and 13.88 kg (P < 0.001), and dressing percentage was 55.24, 51.77, 57.83 and 55.38% (P < 0.001), for W-C, W-G-S, UW-C and UW-G lambs, respectively. Ultimate meat pH was higher in W-G-S lambs than lambs from W-C and UW-C systems (P < 0.05). W-G-S lambs had higher shear force value in longissimus dorsi muscle (P < 0.05) and lower meat lightness (P < 0.001) than those of other systems. Panellists gave the lowest sensory scores, except juiciness, to meat of W-G-S lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulent Ekiz
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul University, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey.
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