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Mahnashi MH, Nahari M, Almasoudi H, Alhasaniah A, Elgazwi S, Abou-Salim MA. Novel NO-TZDs and trimethoxychalcone-based DHPMs: design, synthesis, and biological evaluation as potential VEGFR-2 inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2358934. [PMID: 38904116 PMCID: PMC467104 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2024.2358934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Novel series of nitric oxide-releasing thiazolidine-2,4-diones (NO-TZD-3a-d,5,6) and 3,4,5-trimethoxychalcone-based multifunctional 1,4-dihydropyrimidines (CDHPM-10a-g) have been designed and synthesised as potent broad-spectrum anticancer agents with potential VEGFR-2 inhibition. The designed analogs were evaluated for their anticancer activities towards a full panel of NCI-60 tumour cell lines and CDHPM-10a-g emerged mean %inhibitions ranging from 76.40 to 147.69%. Among them, CDHPM-10e and CDHPM-10f demonstrated the highest MGI% of 147.69 and 140.24%, respectively. Compounds CDHPM-10a,b,d-f showed higher mean %inhibitory activity than the reference drug sorafenib (MGI% = 105.46%). Superiorly, the hybrid CDHPM-10e displayed the highest potencies towards all the herein tested subpanels of nine types of cancer with MGI50 of 1.83 µM. Also, it revealed potent cytostatic single-digit micromolar activity towards the herein examined cancer cell lines. The designed compounds CDHPM-10a-g were exposed as potent non-selective broad-spectrum anticancer agents over all NCI subpanels with an SI range of 0.66-1.97. In addition, the target analog CDHPM-10e revealed potency towards VEGFR-2 kinase comparable to that of sorafenib with a sub-micromolar IC50 value of 0.11 µM. Also, CDHPM-10e could effectively induce Sub-G1-phase arrest and prompt apoptosis via caspase and p53-dependent mechanisms. Furthermore, CDHPM-10e revealed significant anti-metastatic activity as detected by wound healing assay. The modelling study implies that CDHPM-10e overlaid well with sorafenib and formed a strong H-bond in the DFG binding domain. The ADMET studies hinted out that CDHPM-10e met Pfizer's drug-likeness criteria. The presented novel potent anticancer agent merits further devotion as a new lead product in developing more chalcone-based VEGFR-2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mater H. Mahnashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Nahari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Almasoudi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alhasaniah
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Elgazwi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Derna, Derna, Libya
| | - Mahrous A. Abou-Salim
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
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2
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Mahmoud MA, Mohammed AF, Salem OIA, Almutairi TM, Bräse S, Youssif BGM. Design, synthesis, and apoptotic antiproliferative action of new 1,2,3-triazole/1,2,4-oxadiazole hybrids as dual EGFR/VEGFR-2 inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2305856. [PMID: 38326989 PMCID: PMC10854447 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2024.2305856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel series of 1,2,3-triazole/1,2,4-oxadiazole hybrids (7a-o) was developed as dual inhibitors of EGFR/VEGFR-2. Compounds 7a-o were evaluated as antiproliferative agents with Erlotinib as the reference drug. Results demonstrated that most of the tested compounds showed significant antiproliferative action with GI50 values ranging from 28 to 104 nM, compared to Erlotinib (GI50 = 33 nM), and compounds 7i-m were the most potent. Compounds 7h, 7i, 7j, 7k, and 7l were evaluated as dual EGFR/VEGFR-2 inhibitors. These in vitro experiments demonstrated that compounds 7j, 7k, and 7l are potent antiproliferative agents that may operate as dual EGFR/VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Compounds 7j, 7k, and 7l were evaluated for their apoptotic potential activity, where findings indicated that compounds 7j, 7k, and 7l promote apoptosis by activating caspase-3, 8, and Bax and down-regulating the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. Molecular docking simulations show the binding mode of the most active antiproliferative compounds within EGFR and VEGFR-2 active sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Mahmoud
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Anber F. Mohammed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ola I. A. Salem
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, IBCS-FMS, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Bahaa G. M. Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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3
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Halimi G, Osmaniye D, Özkay Y, Kaplancıklı ZA. Development and assessment of novel pyrazole-thiadiazol hybrid derivatives as VEGFR-2 inhibitors: design, synthesis, anticancer activity evaluation, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation. Z NATURFORSCH C 2024; 79:291-304. [PMID: 38818683 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2024-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Cancer remains a significant health challenge globally, requiring the development of targeted chemotherapeutics capable of specifically inhibiting cancer cell growth. Angiogenesis is one of the key features of tumor growth and metastasis and is, therefore, an important target for the treatment of many tumors. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway has proven to be a promising lead in anticancer therapy due to the central role it plays in tumor angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) is a key mediator in the signaling pathway regulating angiogenesis. Targeting VEGFR-2 may disrupt angiogenesis, leading to a reduction in tumor blood supply and tumor progression. The design, synthesis, and assessment of novel VEGFR-2 inhibitor derivatives are the focus of this study, with particular emphasis on incorporating the pyrazole-thiadiazol pharmacophore into the molecular structure. Taking advantage of the pharmacophoric properties of pyrazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazol, compounds with different substituents in the main structure were designed and synthesized. The compounds were also evaluated for antiproliferative activity against cancer cell lines. Compound 4e demonstrated the highest activity among all compounds, with an IC50 of 9.673 ± 0.399 μM against HT-29 cells and 23.081 ± 0.400 μM against NIH3T3 cells. To further support the inhibitory activity of compound 4e, an in silico study was performed. Compound 4e demonstrated strong binding to the active site of VEGFR-2 in molecular docking studies, forming hydrogen bonds with key amino acid residues. The stability of the compound in the enzyme's active site was demonstrated through molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gresa Halimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 52944 Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University , 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
- 52944 Institute of Graduate Education, Anadolu University , 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Derya Osmaniye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 52944 Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University , 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
- 52944 Central Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University , 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Yusuf Özkay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 52944 Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University , 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
- 52944 Central Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University , 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Zafer Asım Kaplancıklı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 52944 Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University , 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
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4
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Singh DP, Pathak R, Chintalaramulu N, Pandit A, Kumar A, Ebenezer PJ, Kumar S, Duplooy A, White ME, Jambunathan N, Dharmakumar R, Francis J. Caveolin-1 knockout mitigates breast cancer metastasis to the lungs via integrin α3 dysregulation in 4T1-induced syngeneic breast cancer model. Cancer Gene Ther 2024:10.1038/s41417-024-00821-4. [PMID: 39244591 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-024-00821-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is a critical lipid raft protein playing dual roles as both a tumor suppressor and promoter. While its role in tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis has been recognized, the explicit contribution of Cav-1 to the onset of lung metastasis from primary breast malignancies remains unclear. Here, we present the first evidence that Cav-1 knockout in mammary epithelial cells significantly reduces lung metastasis in syngeneic breast cancer mouse models. In vitro, Cav-1 knockout in 4T1 cells suppressed extracellular vesicle secretion, cellular motility, and MMP secretion compared to controls. Complementing this, in vivo analyses demonstrated a marked reduction in lung metastatic foci in mice injected with Cav-1 knockout 4T1 cells as compared to wild-type cells, which was further corroborated by mRNA profiling of the primary tumor. We identified 21 epithelial cell migration genes exhibiting varied expression in tumors derived from Cav-1 knockout and wild-type 4T1 cells. Correlation analysis and immunoblotting further revealed that Cav-1 might regulate metastasis via integrin α3 (ITGα3). In silico protein docking predicted an interaction between Cav-1 and ITGα3, which was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. Furthermore, Cav-1 and ITGα3 knockdown corroborated its role in metastasis in the cell migration assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhirendra Pratap Singh
- Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rashmi Pathak
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Naveen Chintalaramulu
- Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Abhishek Pandit
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Avinash Kumar
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Philip J Ebenezer
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Alexander Duplooy
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Mary Evelyn White
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Nithya Jambunathan
- Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rohan Dharmakumar
- Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joseph Francis
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
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5
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Bibi S, Urrehaman S, Akram M, Amin R, Majeed H, Khan SR, Younis S, Bai FQ. Molecular docking and DFT study of antiproliferative ribofuranose nucleoside derivatives targeting EGFR and VEGFR2in cancer cells. Comput Biol Chem 2024; 113:108187. [PMID: 39232259 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2024.108187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Antimetabolites are the most effective chemotherapeutics for treating cancer. They have exerted their anticancer effects by interfering with DNA synthesis. Recently, interest in modified nucleoside analogues has grown due to their superior efficiency. Nucleoside analogue derivatives have emerged as crucial candidates for cancer treatment due to their ability to target the cells responsible for cancer within the body specifically. The ability of nucleoside analogues derivatives to target specific molecular pathways has reduced toxicity and increased efficiency compared to traditional chemotherapy drugs. Nucleoside analogues have interfered with physiological nucleosides and induced cytotoxicity in cancerous cells. In this investigation, derivatives of ribofuranose nucleoside analogues have been designed. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been performed at the B3LYP/6-311 G(d,p) level. The designed molecules have been characterized by UV/Vis spectroscopy using the CPCM model in DMSO solvent, and molecular structural parameters, such as HOMO/LUMO and MEPS, have been determined. Derivative d1m has exhibited a high energy gap and low absorption energy compared to the other derivatives. Molecular docking of the designed molecules (d1o-d2m) has been performed with the EGFR and VEGFR2 proteins. d2o has shown good binding energy with the EGFR protein, while d1o has shown good results with VEGFR2. Global chemical parameters and NBO analysis have been conducted to investigate the derivatives charge transfer properties and chemical reactivity. NBO analysis has provided information about the donor and acceptor parts within a molecule, while global chemical parameters have given insights into the reactivity, stability, and solubility of the molecules. It has been found that the derivatives are more chemically reactive, thermodynamically stable, and have better binding affinity than the parent molecule. Based on the analysis, the drug interaction with the cancer-causing protein makes it more effective for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsa Bibi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Shafiq Urrehaman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Memoona Akram
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Amin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hafsa Majeed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shanza Rauf Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Saima Younis
- Department of Computer Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Fu-Quan Bai
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry and College of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
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6
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Al-Wahaibi L, Elshamsy AM, Ali TFS, Youssif BGM, Bräse S, Abdel-Aziz M, El-Koussi NA. Design and Synthesis of New Dihydropyrimidine Derivatives with a Cytotoxic Effect as Dual EGFR/VEGFR-2 Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:34358-34369. [PMID: 39157105 PMCID: PMC11325413 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
We developed and synthesized tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives as possible cytotoxic agents to inhibit EGFR and VEGFR-2 in the present study. Our study completely assesses the cytotoxic efficiency of pyrimidine-based derivatives 4-15 against various cancer cell lines, revealing derivatives 12 and 15 for their remarkable activity with GI50 values of 37 and 35 nM, respectively, when compared to the reference erlotinib (33 nM). In vitro enzyme assays showed that target compounds, particularly 12, 14, and 15, effectively inhibited EGFR and VEGFR-2. In vitro enzyme testing revealed that compound 15 was the most promising, with IC50 values of 84 and 3.50 nM for EGFR and VEGFR-2, respectively. Additionally, an in vitro assessment of the novel targets' apoptotic potential revealed that both pro-apoptotic and antiapoptotic behaviors were promising, indicating that the apoptotic induction pathway is a strongly proposed action method for the newly developed targets. Finally, molecular docking experiments are elaborately discussed to corroborate the exact binding interactions of the most active hybrids 12 and 15 with the EGFR and VEGFR-2 active sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamya
H. Al-Wahaibi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Princess
Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M. Elshamsy
- Pharmceutical
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61517, Egypt
| | - Taha F. S. Ali
- Medicinal
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Bahaa G. M. Youssif
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute
of Biological and Chemical Systems, IBCS-FMS,
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
- Medicinal
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Nawal A. El-Koussi
- Pharmceutical
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61517, Egypt
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
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7
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Quintal Bojórquez NDC, Morales Mendoza LF, Hidalgo-Figueroa S, Hernández Álvarez AJ, Segura Campos MR. In silico analysis of the interaction of de novo peptides derived from Salvia hispanica with anticancer targetsEvaluation of the anticancer potential of de novo peptides derived from Salvia hispanica through molecular docking. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:6119-6135. [PMID: 37453078 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2232045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Conventional cancer therapies are not selective to cancer cells resulting in serious side effects on patients. Thus, the need for complementary treatments that improve the patient's response to cancer therapy is highly important. To predict and evaluate the physicochemical characteristics and potential anticancer activity of the peptides identified from S. hispanica protein fraction <1 kDa through the use of in silico tools. Peptides derived from Salvia hispanica's protein fraction <1 kDa were identified and analyzed for the prediction of their physicochemical properties. The characterized peptide sequences were then submitted to a multi-criteria decision analysis to identify the peptides that possess the characteristics to potentially exert anticancer activity. Through molecular docking analysis, the potential anticancer activity of the Potentially Anticancer Peptide (PAP)-1, PAP-2, PAP-3, PAP-4, and PAP-5 was estimated by their binding interactions with cancer and apoptosis-related molecules. All five evaluated PAPs exhibited strong binding interactions (< -100 kcal/mol). However, PAP-3 showed the lowest binding free energies with several of the targets. Thus, PAP-3 shows potential to be used as a nutraceutical or ingredient for functional foods that adjuvate in cancer treatment. Conclusions: Through the molecular docking studies, the binding of the PAPs to target molecules of interest for cancer treatment was successfully simulated, from which PAP-3 exhibited the lowest binding free energies. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are required to validate the predictions obtained by the in silico analysis.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sergio Hidalgo-Figueroa
- CONAHCYT, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
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8
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Farag MA, Kandeel MM, Kassab AE, Faggal SI. Medicinal attributes of thienopyrimidine scaffolds incorporating the aryl urea motif as potential anticancer candidates via VEGFR inhibition. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2400125. [PMID: 38738795 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Worldwide, cancer is a major public health concern. It is a well-acknowledged life-threatening disease. Despite numerous advances in the understanding of the genetic basis of cancer growth and progression, therapeutic challenges remain high. Human tumors exhibited mutation or overexpression of several tyrosine kinases (TK). The vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) is a TK family member and is well known for tumor growth and progression. Therefore, VEGF/VEGFR pathway inhibition is an appealing approach for cancer drug discovery. This review will discuss the structure-based optimization of thienopyrimidines incorporating the aryl urea moiety to develop scaffolds of potent anticancer activity via VEGFR inhibition published between 2013 and 2023. Increasing knowledge of probable scaffolds that can act as VEGFR inhibitors might spur the hunt for novel anticancer medications that are safer, more effective, or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrna A Farag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal M Kandeel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa E Kassab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samar I Faggal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Long L, Zhang H, Zhou Z, Duan L, Fan D, Wang R, Xu S, Qiao D, Zhu W. Pyrrole-containing hybrids as potential anticancer agents: An insight into current developments and structure-activity relationships. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 273:116470. [PMID: 38762915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Cancer poses a significant threat to human health. Therefore, it is urgent to develop potent anti-cancer drugs with excellent inhibitory activity and no toxic side effects. Pyrrole and its derivatives are privileged heterocyclic compounds with significant diverse pharmacological effects. These compounds can target various aspects of cancer cells and have been applied in clinical settings or are undergoing clinical trials. As a result, pyrrole has emerged as a promising drug scaffold and has been further probed to get novel entities for the treatment of cancer. This article reviews recent research progress on anti-cancer drugs containing pyrrole. It focuses on the mechanism of action, biological activity, and structure-activity relationships of pyrrole derivatives, aiming to assist in designing and synthesizing innovative pyrrole-based anti-cancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Long
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - ZhiHui Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Lei Duan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Dang Fan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China.
| | - Dan Qiao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China.
| | - Wufu Zhu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China.
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Elkady H, Mahdy HA, Taghour MS, Dahab MA, Elwan A, Hagras M, Hussein MH, Ibrahim IM, Husein DZ, Elkaeed EB, Alsfouk AA, Metwaly AM, Eissa IH. New thiazolidine-2,4-diones as potential anticancer agents and apoptotic inducers targeting VEGFR-2 kinase: Design, synthesis, in silico and in vitro studies. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130599. [PMID: 38521471 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND VEGFR-2 has emerged as a prominent positive regulator of cancer progression. AIM Discovery of new anticancer agents and apoptotic inducers targeting VEGFR-2. METHODS Design and synthesis of new thiazolidine-2,4-diones followed by extensive in vitro studies, including VEGFR-2 inhibition assay, MTT assay, apoptosis analysis, and cell migration assay. In silico investigations including docking, MD simulations, ADMET, toxicity, and DFT studies were performed. RESULTS Compound 15 showed the strongest VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 0.066 μM. Additionally, most of the synthesized compounds showed anti-proliferative activity against HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines at the micromolar range with IC50 values ranging from 0.04 to 4.71 μM, relative to sorafenib (IC50 = 2.24 ± 0.06 and 3.17 ± 0.01 μM against HepG2 and MCF-7, respectively). Also, compound 15 showed selectivity indices of 1.36 and 2.08 against HepG2 and MCF-7, respectively. Furthermore, compound 15 showed a significant apoptotic effect and arrested the cell cycle of MCF-7 cells at the S phase. Moreover, compound 15 had a significant inhibitory effect on the ability of MCF-7 cells to heal from. Docking studies revealed that the synthesized thiazolidine-2,4-diones have a binding pattern approaching sorafenib. MD simulations indicated the stability of compound 15 in the active pocket of VEGFR-2 for 200 ns. ADMET and toxicity studies indicated an acceptable pharmacokinetic profile. DFT studies confirmed the ability of compound 15 to interact with VEGFR-2. CONCLUSION Compound 15 has promising anticancer activity targeting VEGFR-2 with significant activity as an apoptosis inducer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed S Taghour
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A Dahab
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Mona H Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | - Dalal Z Husein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El-Kharja 72511, Egypt.
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Aisha A Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria 21934, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
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11
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Ibraheim MH, Maher I, Khater I. In Silico Repurposing of a Novel Inhibitor (drug) of EGFR and VEGFR-2 Kinases of Cancer by Pharmacokinetics, Toxicity, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04958-8. [PMID: 38782800 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04958-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor is an angiogenic that promotes the development and metastasis of tumors (VEGF). The epidermal growth factor receptor, or EGFR, controls the division, growth, and death of cells via several signaling pathways. It has been found that most of the tyrosine kinase EGFR/VEGFR-2 inhibited by drugs that the FDA has approved are so far. The main objective of the present study was to identify an efficacious and selective dual inhibitor of VEGFR-2/EGFR for the treatment of cancer. Out of the 400 ligands tested against the kinases, 12 compounds demonstrated the best docking scores through molecular docking for the two kinases. Of these, only compound SCHEMBL2435814 inhibited the kinases with the highest score values when compared to a reference, vandetanib, as a dual inhibitor of EGFR/VEGFR-2 kinases through interaction with the identified active sites pocket. Following drug-likeness score toxicity and pharmacokinetic testing, the two compounds, SCHEMBL2435814 and vandetanib, were analyzed to determine how the two kinases interacted with each other. The results of calculations of π-cation interactions, hydrogen bonds, and hydrophobic interactions demonstrated a strong interaction between the two kinases and SCHEMBL2435814. Eventually, molecular dynamic modeling was used to assess the stability of complexes. This demonstrated many characteristics, including RMSF, RMSD, SASA, RG, and H-bond analysis, which demonstrated that SCHEMBL2435814 with the two kinases was more stable than vandetanib over a 100ns simulation period. By suppressing EGFR/VEGFR-2, chemical SCHEMBL2435814 may be able to postpone the signaling pathway of proteins that are essential to the advancement of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona H Ibraheim
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, P.O.44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Maher
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, P.O.44519, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim Khater
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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12
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Zeng J, Deng Q, Chen Z, Yan S, Dong Q, Zhang Y, Cui Y, Li L, He Y, Shi J. Recent development of VEGFR small molecule inhibitors as anticancer agents: A patent review (2021-2023). Bioorg Chem 2024; 146:107278. [PMID: 38484586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
VEGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), is an important regulatory factor that promotes angiogenesis and vascular permeability. It plays a significant role in processes such as tumor angiogenesis, tumor cell invasion, and metastasis. VEGFR is mainly composed of three subtypes: VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3. Among them, VEGFR-2 is the crucial signaling receptor for VEGF, which is involved in various pathological and physiological functions. At present, VEGFR-2 is closely related to a variety of cancers, such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), Hepatocellular carcinoma, Renal cell carcinoma, breast cancer, gastric cancer, glioma, etc. Consequently, VEGFR-2 serves as a crucial target for various cancer treatments. An increasing number of VEGFR inhibitors have been discovered to treat cancer, and they have achieved tremendous success in the clinic. Nevertheless, VEGFR inhibitors often exhibit severe cytotoxicity, resistance, and limitations in indications, which weaken the clinical therapeutic effect. In recent years, many small molecule inhibitors targeting VEGFR have been identified with anti-drug resistance, lower cytotoxicity, and better affinity. Here, we provide an overview of the structure and physiological functions of VEGFR, as well as some VEGFR inhibitors currently in clinical use. Also, we summarize the in vivo and in vitro activities, selectivity, structure-activity relationship, and therapeutic or preventive use of VEGFR small molecule inhibitors reported in patents in the past three years (2021-2023), thereby presenting the prospects and insights for the future development of targeted VEGFR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zeng
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Qichuan Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Shuang Yan
- Sichuan University of Arts and Science, DaZhou 635000, China
| | - Qin Dong
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Yuan Cui
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Ling Li
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Sichuan 611137, China.
| | - Yuxin He
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China.
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
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13
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Budipramana K, Sangande F. Structural and molecular insights from dual inhibitors of EGFR and VEGFR2 as a strategy to improve the efficacy of cancer therapy. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14534. [PMID: 38697951 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor 2 (VEGFR2) are known as valid targets for cancer therapy. Overexpression of EGFR induces uncontrolled cell proliferation and VEGF expression triggering angiogenesis via VEGFR2 signaling. On the other hand, VEGF expression independent of EGFR signaling is already known as one of the mechanisms of resistance to anti-EGFR therapy. Therefore, drugs that act as dual inhibitors of EGFR and VEGFR2 can be a solution to the problem of drug resistance and increase the effectiveness of therapy. In this review, we summarize the relationship between EGFR and VEGFR2 signal transduction in promoting cancer growth and how their kinase domain structures can affect the selectivity of an inhibitor as the basis for designing dual inhibitors. In addition, several recent studies on the development of dual EGFR and VEGFR2 inhibitors involving docking simulations were highlighted in this paper to provide some references such as pharmacophore features of inhibitors and key residues for further research, especially in computer-aided drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisyanti Budipramana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Frangky Sangande
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong Science Center, Bogor, Indonesia
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14
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Fu F, Yang X, Li R, Li Y, Zhou H, Cheng K, Huang R, Wang Y, Guo F, Zhang L, Pan M, Han J, Zhen L, Li L, Lei T, Li D, Liao C. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals cellular and molecular landscape of fetal cystic hygroma. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:96. [PMID: 38650036 PMCID: PMC11036587 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-01859-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular mechanism of fetal cystic hygroma (CH) is still unclear, and no study has previously reported the transcriptome changes of single cells in CH. In this study, single-cell transcriptome sequencing (scRNA-seq) was used to investigate the characteristics of cell subsets in the lesion tissues of CH patients. METHODS Lymphoid tissue collected from CH patients and control donors for scRNA-seq analysis. Differentially expressed gene enrichment in major cell subpopulations as well as cell-cell communication were analyzed. At the same time, the expression and interactions of important VEGF signaling pathway molecules were analyzed, and potential transcription factors that could bind to KDR (VEGFR2) were predicted. RESULTS The results of scRNA-seq showed that fibroblasts accounted for the largest proportion in the lymphatic lesions of CH patients. There was a significant increase in the proportion of lymphatic endothelial cell subsets between the cases and controls. The VEGF signaling pathway is enriched in lymphatic endothelial cells and participates in the regulation of cell-cell communication between lymphatic endothelial cells and other cells. The key regulatory gene KDR in the VEGF signaling pathway is highly expressed in CH patients and interacts with other differentially expressed EDN1, TAGLN, and CLDN5 Finally, we found that STAT1 could bind to the KDR promoter region, which may play an important role in promoting KDR up-regulation. CONCLUSION Our comprehensive delineation of the cellular composition in tumor tissues of CH patients using single-cell RNA-sequencing identified the enrichment of lymphatic endothelial cells in CH and highlighted the activation of the VEGF signaling pathway in lymphoid endothelial cells as a potential modulator. The molecular and cellular pathogenesis of fetal cystic hygroma (CH) remains largely unknown. This study examined the distribution and gene expression signature of each cell subpopulation and the possible role of VEGF signaling in lymphatic endothelial cells in regulating the progression of CH by single-cell transcriptome sequencing. The enrichment of lymphatic endothelial cells in CH and the activation of the VEGF signaling pathway in lymphatic endothelial cells provide some clues to the pathogenesis of CH from the perspective of cell subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fu
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ru Li
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingsi Li
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ken Cheng
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruibin Huang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - You Wang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Guo
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Pan
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhen
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lushan Li
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingying Lei
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongzhi Li
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Can Liao
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China.
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15
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Go YJ, Kalathingal M, Rhee YM. An Ensemble Docking Approach for Analyzing and Designing Aptamer Heterodimers Targeting VEGF 165. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4066. [PMID: 38612876 PMCID: PMC11012306 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165) is a prominent isoform of the VEGF-A protein that plays a crucial role in various angiogenesis-related diseases. It is homodimeric, and each of its monomers is composed of two domains connected by a flexible linker. DNA aptamers, which have emerged as potent therapeutic molecules for many proteins with high specificity and affinity, can also work for VEGF165. A DNA aptamer heterodimer composed of monomers of V7t1 and del5-1 connected by a flexible linker (V7t1:del5-1) exhibits a greater binding affinity with VEGF165 compared to either of the two monomers alone. Although the structure of the complex formed between the aptamer heterodimer and VEGF165 is unknown due to the highly flexible linkers, gaining structural information will still be valuable for future developments. Toward this end of accessing structural information, we adopt an ensemble docking approach here. We first obtain an ensemble of structures for both VEGF165 and the aptamer heterodimer by considering both small- and large-scale motions. We then proceed through an extraction process based on ensemble docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and binding free energy calculations to predict the structures of the VEGF165/V7t1:del5-1 complex. Through the same procedures, we reach a new aptamer heterodimer that bears a locked nucleic acid-modified counterpart of V7t1, namely RNV66:del5-1, which also binds well with VEGF165. We apply the same protocol to the monomeric units V7t1, RNV66, and del5-1 to target VEGF165. We observe that V7t1:del5-1 and RNV66:del5-1 show higher binding affinities with VEGF165 than any of the monomers, consistent with experiments that support the notion that aptamer heterodimers are more effective anti-VEGF165 aptamers than monomeric aptamers. Among the five different aptamers studied here, the newly designed RNV66:del5-1 shows the highest binding affinity with VEGF165. We expect that our ensemble docking approach can help in de novo designs of homo/heterodimeric anti-angiogenic drugs to target the homodimeric VEGF165.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Ju Go
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahroof Kalathingal
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea;
| | - Young Min Rhee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea;
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16
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Ezelarab HAA, Ali TFS, Abbas SH, Sayed AM, Beshr EAM, Hassan HA. New antiproliferative 3-substituted oxindoles inhibiting EGFR/VEGFR-2 and tubulin polymerization. Mol Divers 2024; 28:563-580. [PMID: 36790582 PMCID: PMC11070402 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10603-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
New 3-substituted oxindole derivatives were designed and synthesized as antiproliferative agents. The antiproliferative activity of compounds 6a-j was evaluated against 60 NCI cell lines. Among these tested compounds, compounds 6f and 6g showed remarkable antiproliferative activity, specifically against leukemia and breast cancer cell lines. Compound 6f was the most promising antiproliferative agent against MCF-7 (human breast cancer) with an IC50 value of 14.77 µM compared to 5-fluorouracil (5FU) (IC50 = 2.02 µM). Notably, compound 6f hampered receptor tyrosine EGFR fundamentally with an IC50 value of 1.38 µM, compared to the reference sunitinib with an IC50 value of 0.08 µM. Moreover, compound 6f afforded anti-tubulin polymerization activity with an IC50 value of 7.99 µM as an outstanding observable activity compared with the reference combretastatin A4 with an IC50 value of 2.64 µM. In silico molecular-docking results of compound 6f in the ATP-binding site of EGFR agreed with the in vitro results. Besides, the investigation of the physicochemical properties of compound 6f via the egg-boiled method clarified good lipophilicity, GIT absorption, and blood-brain barrier penetration properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend A A Ezelarab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt
| | - Taha F S Ali
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Samar H Abbas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, 62513, Egypt
| | - Eman A M Beshr
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Heba A Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt
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17
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Shaaban MM, Teleb M, Ragab HM, Singh M, Elwakil BH, A Heikal L, Sriram D, Mahran MA. The first-in-class pyrazole-based dual InhA-VEGFR inhibitors towards integrated antitubercular host-directed therapy. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107179. [PMID: 38367430 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Several facets of the host response to tuberculosis have been tapped for clinical investigation, especially targeting angiogenesis mediated by VEGF signaling from infected macrophages. Herein, we rationalized combining the antiangiogenic effects of VEGFR-2 blockade with direct antitubercular InhA inhibition in single hybrid dual inhibitors as advantageous alternatives to the multidrug regimens. Inspired by expanded triclosans, the ether ligation of triclosan was replaced by rationalized linkers to assemble the VEGFR-2 inhibitors thematic scaffold. Accordingly, new series of 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylpyrazole derivatives tethered to substituted ureas and their isosteres were synthesized, evaluated against Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulent cell line H37Rv, and assessed for their InhA inhibitory activities. The urea derivatives 8d and 8g exhibited the most promising antitubercular activity (MIC = 6.25 µg/mL) surpassing triclosan (MIC = 20 µg/mL) with potential InhA inhibition, thus identified as the study hits. Interestingly, both compounds inhibited VEGFR-2 at nanomolar IC50 (15.27 and 24.12 nM, respectively). Docking and molecular dynamics simulations presumed that 8d and 8g could bind to their molecular targets InhA and VEGFR-2 posing essential stable interactions shared by the reference inhibitors triclosan and sorafenib. Finally, practical LogP, Lipinski's parameters and in silico ADMET calculations highlighted their drug-likeness as novel leads in the arsenal against TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Shaaban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Teleb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt.
| | - Hanan M Ragab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Monica Singh
- Tuberculosis Drug Discovery Laboratory, Pharmacy Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500 0078, India
| | - Bassma H Elwakil
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Lamia A Heikal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - D Sriram
- Tuberculosis Drug Discovery Laboratory, Pharmacy Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500 0078, India
| | - Mona A Mahran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
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18
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Khalil HH, El-Sheshtawy MM, Khattab SN, Abu-Serie MM, Shehat MG, Teleb M, Haiba NS. Chemosensitization of non-small cell lung cancer to sorafenib via non-hydroxamate s-triazinedione-based MMP-9/10 inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2024; 144:107155. [PMID: 38306827 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) continues to be a leading cause of cancer death. Its fatality is associated with angiogenesis and metastasis. While VEGFR inhibitors are expected to be the central pillar for halting lung cancer, several clinical reports declared their subpar activities as monotherapy. These results directed combination studies of VEGFR inhibitors, especially sorafenib (Nexavar®), with various chemotherapeutic agents. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors are seldom utilized in such combinations despite the expected complementary therapeutic outcome. This could be attributed to the clinical unsuitability of MMP inhibitors from the hydroxamate family. Herein, we report new non-hydroxamate s-triazinedione-based inhibitors of MMP-9 (6b; IC50 = 0.112 μM), and MMP-10 (6e; IC50 = 0.076 μM) surpassing the hydroxamate inhibitor NNGH for chemosensitization of NSCLC to sorafenib. MMPs inhibition profiling of the hits revealed MMP-9 over -2 and MMP-10 over -13 selectivity. 6b and 6e were potent (IC50 = 0.139 and 0.136 µM), safe (SI up to 6.77) and superior to sorafenib (IC50 = 0.506 µM, SI = 6.27) against A549 cells. When combined with sorafenib, the studied MMP inhibitors enhanced its cytotoxic efficacy up to 26 folds as confirmed by CI and DRI values for 6b (CI = 0.160 and DRI = 22.175) and 6e (CI = 0.096 and DRI = 29.060). 6b and 6e exerted anti-invasive activities in A549 cells as single agents (22.66 and 39.67 %) and in sorafenib combinations (29.96 and 91.83 %) compared to untreated control. Both compounds downregulated VEGF in A549 cells by approximately 70 % when combined with sorafenib, highlighting enhanced anti-angiogenic activities. Collectively, combinations of 6b and 6e with sorafenib demonstrated synergistic NSCLC cytotoxicity with pronounced anti-invasive and anti-angiogenic activities introducing a promising start point for preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosam H Khalil
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M El-Sheshtawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Sherine N Khattab
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt.
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Egypt
| | - Michael G Shehat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Teleb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt; Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nesreen S Haiba
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Egypt
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19
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Abdel-Mohsen HT, Ibrahim MA, Nageeb AM, El Kerdawy AM. Receptor-based pharmacophore modeling, molecular docking, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel VEGFR-2, FGFR-1, and BRAF multi-kinase inhibitors. BMC Chem 2024; 18:42. [PMID: 38395926 PMCID: PMC10893631 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01135-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A receptor-based pharmacophore model describing the binding features required for the multi-kinase inhibition of the target kinases (VEGFR-2, FGFR-1, and BRAF) were constructed and validated. It showed a good overall quality in discriminating between the active and the inactive in a compiled test set compounds with F1 score of 0.502 and Mathew's correlation coefficient of 0.513. It described the ligand binding to the hinge region Cys or Ala, the glutamate residue of the Glu-Lys αC helix conserved pair, the DFG motif Asp at the activation loop, and the allosteric back pocket next to the ATP binding site. Moreover, excluded volumes were used to define the steric extent of the binding sites. The application of the developed pharmacophore model in virtual screening of an in-house scaffold dataset resulted in the identification of a benzimidazole-based scaffold as a promising hit within the dataset. Compounds 8a-u were designed through structural optimization of the hit benzimidazole-based scaffold through (un)substituted aryl substitution on 2 and 5 positions of the benzimidazole ring. Molecular docking simulations and ADME properties predictions confirmed the promising characteristics of the designed compounds in terms of binding affinity and pharmacokinetic properties, respectively. The designed compounds 8a-u were synthesized, and they demonstrated moderate to potent VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity at 10 µM. Compound 8u exhibited a potent inhibitory activity against the target kinases (VEGFR-2, FGFR-1, and BRAF) with IC50 values of 0.93, 3.74, 0.25 µM, respectively. The benzimidazole derivatives 8a-u were all selected by the NCI (USA) to conduct their anti-proliferation screening. Compounds 8a and 8d resulted in a potent mean growth inhibition % (GI%) of 97.73% and 92.51%, respectively. Whereas compounds 8h, 8j, 8k, 8o, 8q, 8r, and 8u showed a mean GI% > 100% (lethal effect). The most potent compounds on the NCI panel of 60 different cancer cell lines were progressed further to NCI five-dose testing. The benzimidazole derivatives 8a, 8d, 8h, 8j, 8k, 8o, 8q, 8r and 8u exhibited potent anticancer activity on the tested cell lines reaching sub-micromolar range. Moreover, 8u was found to induce cell cycle arrest of MCF-7 cell line at the G2/M phase and accumulating cells at the sub-G1 phase as a result of cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba T Abdel-Mohsen
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. 12622, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, P.O. 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira M Nageeb
- High Throughput Molecular and Genetic Technology Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El Kerdawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, P.O. 11562, Cairo, Egypt
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Science, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Green Lane, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, UK
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20
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Abdel-Mohsen HT, Anwar MM, Ahmed NS, Abd El-Karim SS, Abdelwahed SH. Recent Advances in Structural Optimization of Quinazoline-Based Protein Kinase Inhibitors for Cancer Therapy (2021-Present). Molecules 2024; 29:875. [PMID: 38398626 PMCID: PMC10892255 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complicated, multifaceted disease that can impact any organ in the body. Various chemotherapeutic agents have a low selectivity and are very toxic when used alone or in combination with others. Resistance is one of the most important hurdles that develop due to the use of many anticancer therapeutics. As a result, treating cancer requires a target-specific palliative care strategy. Remarkable scientific discoveries have shed light on several of the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer, resulting in the development of various targeted anticancer agents. One of the most important heterocyclic motifs is quinazoline, which has a wide range of biological uses and chemical reactivities. Newer, more sophisticated medications with quinazoline structures have been found in the last few years, and great strides have been made in creating effective protocols for building these pharmacologically active scaffolds. A new class of chemotherapeutic agents known as quinazoline-based derivatives possessing anticancer properties consists of several well-known compounds that block different protein kinases and other molecular targets. This review highlights recent updates (2021-2024) on various quinazoline-based derivatives acting against different protein kinases as anticancer chemotherapeutics. It also provides guidance for the design and synthesis of novel quinazoline analogues that could serve as lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba T. Abdel-Mohsen
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth Street, Dokki, Cairo P.O. Box 12622, Egypt;
| | - Manal M. Anwar
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth Street, Dokki, Cairo P.O. Box 12622, Egypt; (M.M.A.); (N.S.A.); (S.S.A.E.-K.)
| | - Nesreen S. Ahmed
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth Street, Dokki, Cairo P.O. Box 12622, Egypt; (M.M.A.); (N.S.A.); (S.S.A.E.-K.)
| | - Somaia S. Abd El-Karim
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth Street, Dokki, Cairo P.O. Box 12622, Egypt; (M.M.A.); (N.S.A.); (S.S.A.E.-K.)
| | - Sameh H. Abdelwahed
- Department of Chemistry, Prairie View A & M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA
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21
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Șandor A, Fizeșan I, Ionuț I, Marc G, Moldovan C, Oniga I, Pîrnău A, Vlase L, Petru AE, Macasoi I, Oniga O. Discovery of A Novel Series of Quinazoline-Thiazole Hybrids as Potential Antiproliferative and Anti-Angiogenic Agents. Biomolecules 2024; 14:218. [PMID: 38397456 PMCID: PMC10886515 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Considering the pivotal role of angiogenesis in solid tumor progression, we developed a novel series of quinazoline-thiazole hybrids (SA01-SA07) as antiproliferative and anti-angiogenic agents. Four out of the seven compounds displayed superior antiproliferative activity (IC50 =1.83-4.24 µM) on HepG2 cells compared to sorafenib (IC50 = 6.28 µM). The affinity towards the VEGFR2 kinase domain was assessed through in silico prediction by molecular docking, molecular dynamics studies, and MM-PBSA. The series displayed a high degree of similarity to sorafenib regarding the binding pose within the active site of VEGFR2, with a different orientation of the 4-substituted-thiazole moieties in the allosteric pocket. Molecular dynamics and MM-PBSA evaluations identified SA05 as the hybrid forming the most stable complex with VEGFR2 compared to sorafenib. The impact of the compounds on vascular cell proliferation was assessed on EA.hy926 cells. Six compounds (SA01-SA05, SA07) displayed superior anti-proliferative activity (IC50 = 0.79-5.85 µM) compared to sorafenib (IC50 = 6.62 µM). The toxicity was evaluated on BJ cells. Further studies of the anti-angiogenic effect of the most promising compounds, SA04 and SA05, through the assessment of impact on EA.hy296 motility using a wound healing assay and in ovo potential in a CAM assay compared to sorafenib, led to the confirmation of the anti-angiogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Șandor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 Victor Babes, Street, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.Ș.); (I.I.); (G.M.); (C.M.); (O.O.)
| | - Ionel Fizeșan
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ioana Ionuț
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 Victor Babes, Street, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.Ș.); (I.I.); (G.M.); (C.M.); (O.O.)
| | - Gabriel Marc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 Victor Babes, Street, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.Ș.); (I.I.); (G.M.); (C.M.); (O.O.)
| | - Cristina Moldovan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 Victor Babes, Street, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.Ș.); (I.I.); (G.M.); (C.M.); (O.O.)
| | - Ilioara Oniga
- Department of Pharmacognosy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 12 Ion Creangă Street, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Adrian Pîrnău
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Laurian Vlase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 Victor Babeș, Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Andreea-Elena Petru
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ioana Macasoi
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Oniga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 Victor Babes, Street, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.Ș.); (I.I.); (G.M.); (C.M.); (O.O.)
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Fouad MA, Osman AA, Abdelhamid NM, Rashad MW, Nabawy AY, El Kerdawy AM. Discovery of dual kinase inhibitors targeting VEGFR2 and FAK: structure-based pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, and molecular docking studies. BMC Chem 2024; 18:29. [PMID: 38347617 PMCID: PMC10863211 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01130-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
VEGFR2 and FAK signaling pathways are interconnected and have synergistic effects on tumor angiogenesis, growth, and metastasis. Thus, instead of the conventional targeting of each of these proteins individually with a specific inhibitor, the present work aimed to discover novel dual inhibitors targeting both VEGFR2 and FAK exploiting their association. To this end, receptor-based pharmacophore modeling technique was opted to generate 3D pharmacophore models for VEGFR2 and FAK type II kinase inhibitors. The generated pharmacophore models were validated by assessing their ability to discriminate between active and decoy compounds in a pre-compiled test set of VEGFR2 and FAK active compounds and decoys. ZINCPharmer web tool was then used to screen the ZINC database purchasable subset using the validated pharmacophore models retrieving 42,616 hits for VEGFR2 and 28,475 hits for FAK. Subsequently, they were filtered using various filters leaving 13,023 and 6,832 survived compounds for VEGFR2 and FAK, respectively, with 124 common compounds. Based on molecular docking simulations, thirteen compounds were found to satisfy all necessary interactions with VEGFR2 and FAK kinase domains. Thus, they are predicted to have a possible dual VEGFR2/FAK inhibitory activity. Finally, SwissADME web tool showed that compound ZINC09875266 is not only promising in terms of binding pattern to our target kinases, but also in terms of pharmacokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A Fouad
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Alaa A Osman
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha M Abdelhamid
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai W Rashad
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashrakat Y Nabawy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El Kerdawy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Cairo, Egypt
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Science, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Green Lane, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, UK
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23
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Xie J, Zhang X, Meng D, Li Y, Deng P. Identification of potentially high drug-like VEGFR2/c-Met dual-target type II kinase inhibitors with symmetric skeletons based on structural screening. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:1249-1267. [PMID: 37042992 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2199082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and c-Mesenchymal epithelial transition factor (c-Met) are tyrosine kinase receptors associated with the occurrence of malignant tumors. Studies have shown that inhibition of VEGFR2 promotes a feedback increase in c-Met, a mechanism linked to the emergence of resistance to VEGFR2 inhibitors. Therefore, treatment targeting both VEGFR2 and c-Met will have better application prospects. In this study, hierarchical virtual screening was performed on ZINC15, Molport and Mcule-ULTIMATE databases to identify potential VEGFR2/c-Met dual inhibitors. Firstly, the best pharmacophore model for each target was used to cross-screen the three databases, and the compounds that could match the two pharmacophore models were then retained based on the Fit Value of the respective crystal ligands. Compounds ZINC, MOL, and MLB named after their database sources were retained by binding pattern analysis and docking assessment. ADMET predictions indicated that ZINC had significantly higher oral bioavailability compared to the approved drug cabozantinib. This is likely due to ZINC's unique symmetrical backbone with less structure complexity, which may reduce the occurrence of adverse effects. Molecular dynamics simulations and binding free energy analysis showed that all three hit compounds were able to stably bind at the active site, but only ZINC could form high occupancy of hydrogen bonds with both VEGFR2 and c-Met, and also only ZINC had a higher binding free energy than crystal ligands, suggesting that ZINC was the most likely potential VEGFR2/c-Met dual-target inhibitor. This finding provides a promising starting point for the development of VEGFR2/c-Met dual-target inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Research Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Safety Research of APIs, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Research Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Safety Research of APIs, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Meng
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Research Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Safety Research of APIs, Chongqing, China
| | - Yihao Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Research Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Safety Research of APIs, Chongqing, China
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24
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Yadav MB, Singh P, Jeong YT. Regioselective synthesis and molecular docking studies of functionalized imidazo [1,2-a]pyridine derivatives through MCRs. Mol Divers 2024; 28:171-182. [PMID: 37335464 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10669-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
A efficient protocol has been developed for the synthesis of regioselective imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine and imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine derivatives through cascade reaction between 2-aminopyridine, arylelglyoxal, and 4-hydroxypyran via three-component reaction to prepare targeted compounds with good to excellent yields. The advantages of this transformation are a catalyst-free reaction, green solvent, operationally simple, scalable, and eco-friendly. The product collects with simple filtration which avoided tedious and expensive purification techniques. In addition, computational studies like molecular docking were conducted to provide the theoretical possibilities of binding these types of synthesized compounds to the VEGFR2 receptors as potential key inhibitors of tumor cell growth and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maruti B Yadav
- Department of Image Science and Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, Republic of Korea
| | - Pooja Singh
- Division of Applied Life Science, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Tae Jeong
- Department of Image Science and Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, Republic of Korea.
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Eissa IH, Elkady H, Rashed M, Elwan A, Hagras M, Dahab MA, Taghour MS, Ibrahim IM, Husein DZ, Elkaeed EB, Al-ghulikah HA, Metwaly AM, Mahdy HA. Discovery of new thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as potential VEGFR-2 inhibitors: In vitro and in silico studies. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24005. [PMID: 38298627 PMCID: PMC10828660 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, a series of seven novel 2,4-dioxothiazolidine derivatives with potential anticancer and VEGFR-2 inhibiting abilities were designed and synthesized as VEGFR-2 inhibitors. The synthesized compounds were tested in vitro for their potential to inhibit VEGFR-2 and the growth of HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Among the compounds tested, compound 22 (IC50 = 0.079 μM) demonstrated the highest anti-VEGFR-2 efficacy. Furthermore, it demonstrated significant anti-proliferative activities against HepG2 (IC50 = 2.04 ± 0.06 μM) and MCF-7 (IC50 = 1.21 ± 0.04 M). Additionally, compound 22 also increased the total apoptotic rate of the MCF-7 cancer cell lines with cell cycle arrest at S phase. As well, computational methods were applied to study the VEGFR-2-22 complex at the molecular level. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to investigate the complex's structural and kinetic characteristics. The DFT calculations further revealed the structural and electronic properties of compound 22. Finally, computational ADMET and toxicity tests were performed indicating the likeness of the proposed compounds to be drugs. The results suggest that compound 22 displays promise as an effective anticancer treatment and can serve as a model for future structural modifications and biological investigations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H. Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Rashed
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. Dahab
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S. Taghour
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M. Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Dalal Z. Husein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El-Kharja, 72511, Egypt
| | - Eslam B. Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan A. Al-ghulikah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Hazem A. Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
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Sharma S, Ehrlich M, Zhang M, Blobe GC, Henis YI. NRP1 interacts with endoglin and VEGFR2 to modulate VEGF signaling and endothelial cell sprouting. Commun Biol 2024; 7:112. [PMID: 38242992 PMCID: PMC10799020 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05798-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells express neuropilin 1 (NRP1), endoglin (ENG) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), which regulate VEGF-A-mediated vascular development and angiogenesis. However, the link between complex formation among these receptors with VEGF-A-induced signaling and biology is yet unclear. Here, we quantify surface receptor interactions by IgG-mediated immobilization of one receptor, and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) measurements of the mobility of another coexpressed receptor. We observe stable ENG/NRP1, ENG/VEGFR2, and NRP1/VEGFR2 complexes, which are enhanced by VEGF-A. ENG augments NRP1/VEGFR2 interactions, suggesting formation of tripartite complexes bridged by ENG. Effects on signaling are measured in murine embryonic endothelial cells expressing (MEEC+/+) or lacking (MEEC-/-) ENG, along with NRP1 and/or ENG overexpression or knockdown. We find that optimal VEGF-A-mediated phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and Erk1/2 requires ENG and NRP1. ENG or NRP1 increase VEGF-A-induced sprouting, becoming optimal in cells expressing all three receptors, and both processes are inhibited by a MEK1/2 inhibitor. We propose a model where the maximal potency of VEGF-A involves a tripartite complex where ENG bridges VEGFR2 and NRP1, providing an attractive therapeutic target for modulation of VEGF-A signaling and biological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Sharma
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Marcelo Ehrlich
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Manqi Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Gerard C Blobe
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Yoav I Henis
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
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Senrung A, Tripathi T, Aggarwal N, Janjua D, Chhokar A, Yadav J, Chaudhary A, Thakur K, Singh T, Bharti AC. Anti-angiogenic Potential of Trans-chalcone in an In Vivo Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Model: An ATP Antagonist to VEGFR with Predicted Blood-brain Barrier Permeability. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2024; 22:187-211. [PMID: 37936455 DOI: 10.2174/0118715257250417231019102501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by massive tumorinduced angiogenesis aiding tumorigenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) via VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) constitutes majorly to drive this process. Putting a halt to tumordriven angiogenesis is a major clinical challenge, and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the prime bottleneck in GBM treatment. Several phytochemicals show promising antiangiogenic activity across different models, but their ability to cross BBB remains unexplored. METHODS We screened over 99 phytochemicals having anti-angiogenic properties reported in the literature and evaluated them for their BBB permeability, molecular interaction with VEGFR-2 domains, ECD2-3 (extracellular domains 2-3) and TKD (tyrosine kinase domain) at VEGF-A and ATP binding site, cell membrane permeability, and hepatotoxicity using in silico tools. Furthermore, the anti-angiogenic activity of predicted lead Trans-Chalcone (TC) was evaluated in the chick chorioallantoic membrane. RESULTS Out of 99 phytochemicals, 35 showed an efficient ability to cross BBB with a probability score of > 0.8. Docking studies revealed 30 phytochemicals crossing benchmark binding affinity < -6.4 kcal/mol of TKD with the native ligand ATP alone. Out of 30 phytochemicals, 12 showed moderate to low hepatotoxicity, and 5 showed a violation of Lipinski's rule of five. Our in silico analysis predicted TC as a BBB permeable anti-angiogenic compound for use in GBM therapy. TC reduced vascularization in the CAM model, which was associated with the downregulation of VEGFR-2 transcript expression. CONCLUSION The present study showed TC to possess anti-angiogenic potential via the inhibition of VEGFR-2. In addition, the study predicted TC to cross BBB as well as a safe alternative for GBM therapy, which needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Senrung
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
- Neuropharmacology & Drug Delivery Laboratory, Zoology Department, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Divya Janjua
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
- Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110019, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Apoorva Chaudhary
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Tejveer Singh
- Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
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28
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Yu Z, Wu Z, Zhou M, Chen L, Li W, Liu G, Tang Y. mtADENet: A novel interpretable method integrating multiple types of network-based inference approaches for prediction of adverse drug events. Comput Biol Med 2024; 168:107831. [PMID: 38081118 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Identification of adverse drug events (ADEs) is crucial to reduce human health risks and accelerate drug safety assessment. ADEs are mainly caused by unintended interactions with primary or additional targets (off-targets). In this study, we proposed a novel interpretable method named mtADENet, which integrates multiple types of network-based inference approaches for ADE prediction. Different from phenotype-based methods, mtADENet introduced computational target profiles predicted by network-based methods to bridge the gap between chemical structures and ADEs, and hence can not only predict ADEs for drugs and novel compounds within or outside the drug-ADE association network, but also provide insights for the elucidation of molecular mechanisms of the ADEs caused by drugs. We constructed a series of network-based prediction models for 23 ADE categories. These models achieved high AUC values ranging from 0.865 to 0.942 in 10-fold cross validation. The best model further showed high performance on four external validation sets, which outperformed two previous network-based methods. To show the practical value of mtADENet, we performed case studies on developmental neurotoxicity and cardio-oncology, and over 50 % of predicted ADEs and targets for drugs and novel compounds were validated by literature. Moreover, mtADENet is freely available at our web server named NetInfer (http://lmmd.ecust.edu.cn/netinfer/). In summary, mtADENet would be a powerful tool for ADE prediction and drug safety assessment in drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuohang Yu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zengrui Wu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Moran Zhou
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Long Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Guixia Liu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Patel S, Singh VR, Suman AK, Jain S, Sen AK. Virtual Screening, Docking, and Designing of New VEGF Inhibitors as Anti-cancer Agents. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2024; 21:e101023222024. [PMID: 38629172 DOI: 10.2174/0115701638255384230920040154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors are receiving a lot of attention as prospective anticancer medications in the current drug discovery process. OBJECTIVE This work aims to explore the PubChem library for novel VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors. 1H-Indazole-containing drug AXITINIB, or AG-013736 (FDA approved), is chosen as a rational molecule for drug design. This scaffold proved its efficiency in treating cancer and other diseases as well. METHODS The present study used the virtual screening of the database, protein preparation, grid creation, and molecular docking analyses. RESULTS The protein was validated on different parameters like the Ramachandran plot, the ERRAT score, and the ProSA score. The Ramachandran plot revealed that 92.1% of the amino acid residues were located in the most favorable region; this was complemented by an ERRAT score (overall quality factor) of 96.24 percent and a ProSA (Z score) of -9.24 percent. The Lipinski rule of five was used as an additional filter for screening molecules. The docking results showed values of binding affinity between -14.08 and -12.34 kcal/mol. The molecule C1 showed the highest docking value of -14.08 Kcal/mol with the maximum number of strong H-bonds by -NH of pyridine to amino acid Cys104 (4.22Å), -NH of indazole to Glu108 (4.72), and Glu70 to bridge H of -NH. These interactions are similar to Axitinib docking interactions like Glu70, Cys104, and Glu102. The docking studies revealed that pi-alkyl bonds are formed with unsubstituted pyridine, whereas important H-bonds are observed with different substitutions around -NH. Based on potential findings, we designed new molecules, and molecular docking studies were performed on the same protein along with ADMET studies. The designed molecules (M1-M4) also showed comparable docking results similar to Axitinib, along with a synthetic accessibility score of less than 4.5. CONCLUSION The docking method employed in this work opens up new possibilities for the design and synthesis of novel compounds that can act as VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors and treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivkant Patel
- Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Vinay Ranjan Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, Shri Ram Institute of Pharmacy, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Suman
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. College, Antah (Baran), Rajasthan, India
| | - Surabhi Jain
- Faculty of Pharmacy, B. Pharmacy College Rampurakakanpur, (Gujarat Technological University), Panchmahals, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashim Kumar Sen
- Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
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Saini R, Kumari S, Singh A, Mishra A. From nature to cancer therapy: Evaluating the Streptomyces clavuligerus secondary metabolites for potential protein kinase inhibitors. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:59-78. [PMID: 38047468 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, protein kinase inhibitory (PKIs) potential, cytotoxicity activity of Streptomyces clavuligerus extract. DPPH assay revealed a robust free radical scavenging capacity (IC50 28.90 ± 0.24 µg/mL) of organic extract with a maximum inhibition percentage of 61 ± 1.04%. PKIs assay revealed the formation of a whitish bald zone by S. clavuligerus extracts which indicates the presence of PKIs. The cytotoxicity activity of organic fraction of extract through Sulforhodamine B assay on MCF-7, Hop-62, SiHa, and PC-3 cell lines demonstrated the lowest GI50 value against the MCF-7 cell line followed by the PC-3 cell line, showing potent growth inhibitory potential against human breast cancer and human prostate cancer cell line. HR-LCMS analysis identified multiple secondary metabolites from the organic and aqueous extracts of S. clavuligerus when incubated at 30°C under 200 rpm for 3 days. All the secondary metabolites were elucidated for their potential to inhibit RTKs by molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation, MM/GBSA calculations, and free energy approach. It revealed the superior inhibitory potential of epirubicin (Epi) and dodecaprenyl phosphate-galacturonic acid (DPGA) against fibroblast growth factors receptor (FGFR). Epi also exhibited excellent inhibitory activity against the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), while DPGA effectively inhibited the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor. Additionally, the presence Epi in S. clavuligerus extract was validated through the HPLC technique. Thus, our findings highlight a superior inhibitory potential of Epi against FGFR and PDGFR RTKs than the FDA-approved drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Saini
- Biomolecular Laboratory, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sonali Kumari
- Biomolecular Laboratory, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abha Mishra
- Biomolecular Laboratory, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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31
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Abdelhamed AM, Hassan RA, Kadry HH, Helwa AA. Novel pyrazolo[3,4- d]pyrimidine derivatives: design, synthesis, anticancer evaluation, VEGFR-2 inhibition, and antiangiogenic activity. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:2640-2657. [PMID: 38107182 PMCID: PMC10718518 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00476g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel series of 12 pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives were created and evaluated in vitro for their antiproliferative activity against the NCI 60 human tumor cell line panel. Compounds 12a-d displayed significant antitumor activity against MDA-MB-468 and T-47D (breast cancer cell lines), especially compound 12b, which exhibited the highest anticancer activity against MDA-MB-468 and T-47D cell lines with IC50 values of 3.343 ± 0.13 and 4.792 ± 0.21 μM, respectively compared to staurosporine with IC50 values of 6.358 ± 0.24 and 4.849 ± 0.22 μM. The most potent cytotoxic derivatives 12a-d were studied for their VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity to explore the mechanism of action of these substances. Compound 12b had potent activity against VEGFR-2 with an IC50 value of 0.063 ± 0.003 μM, compared to sunitinib with IC50 = 0.035 ± 0.012 μM. Moreover, there was an excellent reduction in HUVEC migratory potential that resulted in a significant disruption of wound healing patterns by 23% after 72 h of treatment with compound 12b. Cell cycle and apoptosis investigations showed that compound 12b could stop the cell cycle at the S phase and significantly increase total apoptosis in the MDA-MB-468 cell line by 18.98-fold compared to the control. Moreover, compound 12b increased the caspase-3 level in the MDA-MB-468 cell line by 7.32-fold as compared to the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Abdelhamed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST) 6th of October City Egypt
| | - Rasha A Hassan
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Kasr El-Aini Street Cairo 11562 Egypt
| | - Hanan H Kadry
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Kasr El-Aini Street Cairo 11562 Egypt
| | - Amira A Helwa
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST) 6th of October City Egypt
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Abd Elhameed AA, Ali AR, Ghabbour HA, Bayomi SM, El-Gohary NS. Design, synthesis, and antitumor screening of new thiazole, thiazolopyrimidine, and thiazolotriazine derivatives as potent inhibitors of VEGFR-2. Drug Dev Res 2023; 84:1664-1698. [PMID: 37661648 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
New thiazole, thiazolopyrimidine, and thiazolotriazine derivatives 3-12 and 14a-f were synthesized. The newly synthesized analogs were tested for in vitro antitumor activity against HepG2, HCT-116, MCF-7, HeP-2, and Hela cancer cells. Results indicated that compound 5 displayed the highest potency toward the tested cancer cells. Compound 11b possessed enhanced effectiveness over MCF-7, HepG2, HCT-116, and Hela cancer cells. In addition, compounds 4 and 6 showed promising activity toward HCT-116, MCF-7, and Hela cancer cells and eminent activity against HepG2 and HeP-2 cells. Moreover, compounds 3-6 and 11b were tested for their capability to inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) activity. The obtained results showed that compound 5 displayed significant inhibitory activity against VEGFR-2 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50 ] = 0.044 μM) comparable to sunitinib (IC50 = 0.100 μM). Also, the synthesized compounds 3-6 and 11b were subjected to in vitro cytotoxicity tests over WI38 and WISH normal cells. It was found that the five tested compounds displayed significantly lower cytotoxicity than doxorubicin toward normal cell lines. Cell cycle analysis proved that compound 5 induces cell cycle arrest in the S phase for HCT-116 and Hela cancer cell lines and in the G2/M phase for the MCF-7 cancer cell line. Moreover, compound 5 induced cancer cell death through apoptosis accompanied by a high ratio of BAX/BCL-2 in the screened cancer cells. Furthermore, docking results revealed that compound 5 showed the essential interaction bonds with VEGFR-2, which agreed with in vitro enzyme assay results. In silico studies showed that most of the analyzed compounds complied with the requirements of good oral bioavailability with minimal toxicity threats in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa A Abd Elhameed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Ali
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hazem A Ghabbour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Said M Bayomi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nadia S El-Gohary
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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El-Dash Y, Khalil NA, Ahmed EM, Hassanin SO, Gowifel AMH, Hassan MSA. Synthesis of novel nicotinic acid derivatives of potential antioxidant and anticancer activity. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2300250. [PMID: 37792247 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
This study comprises the design and synthesis of novel nicotinic acid-based cytotoxic agents with selective inhibitory efficacy against the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). Screening of novel compounds for cytotoxicity was assessed against 60 human cancer cell lines. The two most active compounds, 5b and 5c, and the reference drugs sorafenib and doxorubicin were investigated against HCT-15, PC-3, and CF-295 cancer cell lines. Compound 5c exhibited the highest cytotoxic potential compared to doxorubicin against the HCT-15 and PC-3 tumor cell lines. Moreover, it exhibited higher cytotoxic potential and selectivity toward the HCT-15 cell panel compared with sorafenib. Compound 5c demonstrated promising VEGFR-2 inhibition (concentration needed to inhibit cell viability by 50%, IC50 = 0.068 μM) and superior VEGFR-2 selectivity over the epidermal growth factor receptor and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β enzymes. It also reduced the total and phosphorylated VEGFR-2 and induced apoptosis, as evidenced by a 4.3-fold rise in caspase-3 levels. The antioxidant potential of the new compounds was determined via measuring the superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, among which compound 5c exhibited an SOD level almost comparable to ascorbic acid. These results suggested that compound 5c exhibited dual cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. Docking of 5c into the VEGFR-2 pocket showed a similar binding mode to sorafenib. Moreover, the ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) profile of 5c outlined drug-likeness. Finally, The density functional theory calculations displayed an increased binding affinity of 5c to the target enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara El-Dash
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadia A Khalil
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman M Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Soha O Hassanin
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayah M H Gowifel
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa S A Hassan
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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34
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Elkady H, Abuelkhir AA, Rashed M, Taghour MS, Dahab MA, Mahdy HA, Elwan A, Al-Ghulikah HA, Elkaeed EB, Ibrahim IM, Husein DZ, Metwaly A, Eissa IH. New thiazolidine-2,4-diones as effective anti-proliferative and anti-VEGFR-2 agents: Design, synthesis, in vitro, docking, MD simulations, DFT, ADMET, and toxicity studies. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 107:107958. [PMID: 37714080 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Novel thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives, 11a-g, were designed, and synthesized targeting the VEGFR-2 protein. The in vitro studies indicated the abilities of the synthesized derivatives to inhibit VEGFR-2 and prevent the growth of two different cancer cell types, HepG2 and MCF-7. Compound 11 f exhibited the strongest anti-VEGFR-2 activity (IC50 = 0.053 µM). As well, compound 11 f showed impressive anti-proliferative activity against the mentioned cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 0.64 ± 0.01 and 0.53 ± 0.04 µM, respectively. Additionally, compound 11 f arrested the MCF-7 cell cycle at the S phase and increased the overall apoptosis percentage. Furthermore, cell migration assay revealed that compound 11 f has a significant ability to prevent migration and healing potentialities of MCF-7. Moreover, computational studies were used to conduct the molecular investigation of the VEGFR-2-11 f complex. The kinetic and structural features of the complex were examined using molecular dynamics simulations and molecular docking. Besides, Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to explain the dynamics of the VEGFR-2-11 f complex at various spatial scales. The DFT calculations also provided further clarity regarding compound 11 f's structural and electronic features. To evaluate how closely the developed compounds might look like drugs, ADMET and toxicity experiments were computed. To conclude, the presented study demonstrates the potential of compound 11 f as a viable anti-cancer drug, which can serve as a prototype for future structural modifications and further biological investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Abdelrahman A Abuelkhir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Rashed
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Taghour
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A Dahab
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hanan A Al-Ghulikah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Dalal Z Husein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El-Kharja 72511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
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35
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Eissa IH, Yousef RG, Elkady H, Elkaeed EB, Alsfouk AA, Husein DZ, Ibrahim IM, Elhendawy MA, Godfrey M, Metwaly AM. Design, semi-synthesis, anti-cancer assessment, docking, MD simulation, and DFT studies of novel theobromine-based derivatives as VEGFR-2 inhibitors and apoptosis inducers. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 107:107953. [PMID: 37673011 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
A group of theobromine derivatives was designed based on the key pharmacophoric characteristics of VEGFR-2 inhibitors. HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines were used to test the obtained compounds for their in vitro anti-proliferative activities. Compound 15 (2-(3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-dioxo-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-purin-1-yl)-N-(4-(1-(2-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)hydrazono)ethyl) phenyl)acetamide) was the most potent cytotoxic member against MCF-7 (IC50 = 0.42 µM) and HepG2 (IC50 = 0.22 µM). The effectiveness of VEGFR-2 inhibition was assessed for compound 15, and its IC50 value was calculated to be 0.067 µM. Additional cellular mechanistic investigations showed that compound 15 dramatically increased the population of apoptotic HepG2 cells in both early and late apoptosis. The investigation of apoptotic markers confirmed that compound 15 upregulated the levels of BAX (2.26-fold) and downregulated the levels of Bcl-2 (4.4-fold). The molecular docking investigations, MM-GPSA, PLIP studies, and MD simulations validated the potential of compound 15 to be a VEGFR-2 inhibitor. DFT calculations have been completed to comprehend how the electrical charge is distributed within compound 15 and to predict how it would bond to VEGFR-2. Lastly, ADMET prediction showed that the designed members have drug-like characteristics and minimal levels of toxicity. In conclusion, our in vitro and in silico investigations showed that compound 15 exhibited promising apoptotic anticancer potential through the suppression of VEGFR-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Reda G Yousef
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aisha A Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal Z Husein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El-Kharja 72511, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A Elhendawy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; Department of Agriculture Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Murrell Godfrey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt.
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Al-Sanea MM, Hamdi A, Mohamed AAB, El-Shafey HW, Moustafa M, Elgazar AA, Eldehna WM, Ur Rahman H, Parambi DGT, Elbargisy RM, Selim S, Bukhari SNA, Magdy Hendawy O, Tawfik SS. New benzothiazole hybrids as potential VEGFR-2 inhibitors: design, synthesis, anticancer evaluation, and in silico study. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2166036. [PMID: 36691927 PMCID: PMC9879182 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2166036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A new series of 2-aminobenzothiazole hybrids linked to thiazolidine-2,4-dione 4a-e, 1,3,4-thiadiazole aryl urea 6a-d, and cyanothiouracil moieties 8a-d was synthesised. The in vitro antitumor effect of the new hybrids was assessed against three cancer cell lines, namely, HCT-116, HEPG-2, and MCF-7 using Sorafenib (SOR) as a standard drug. Among the tested compounds, 4a was the most potent showing IC50 of 5.61, 7.92, and 3.84 µM, respectively. Furthermore, compounds 4e and 8a proved to have strong impact on breast cancer cell line with IC50 of 6.11 and 10.86 µM, respectively. The three compounds showed a good safety profile towards normal WI-38 cells. Flow cytometric analysis of the three compounds in MCF-7 cells revealed that compounds 4a and 4c inhibited cell population in the S phase, whereas 8a inhibited the population in the G1/S phase. The most promising compounds were subjected to a VEGFR-2 inhibitory assay where 4a emerged as the best active inhibitor of VEGFR-2 with IC50 91 nM, compared to 53 nM for SOR. In silico analysis showed that the three new hybrids succeeded to link to the active site like the co-crystallized inhibitor SOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M. Al-Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia,CONTACT Mohammad M. Al-Sanea Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelrahman Hamdi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. B. Mohamed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt,Ahmed A. B. Mohamed Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura35516, Egypt
| | - Hamed W. El-Shafey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Moustafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abdullah A. Elgazar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Wagdy M. Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Hidayat Ur Rahman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Della G. T. Parambi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab M. Elbargisy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omnia Magdy Hendawy
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar S. Tawfik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Haffez H, Elsayed NA, Ahmed MF, Fatahala SS, Khaleel EF, Badi RM, Elkaeed EB, El Hassab MA, Hammad SF, Eldehna WM, Masurier N, El-Haggar R. Novel N-Arylmethyl-aniline/chalcone hybrids as potential VEGFR inhibitors: synthesis, biological evaluations, and molecular dynamic simulations. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2278022. [PMID: 37982203 PMCID: PMC11003488 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2278022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant advancements have been made in the domain of targeted anticancer therapy for the management of malignancies in recent times. VEGFR-2 is characterised by its pivotal involvement in angiogenesis and subsequent mechanisms that promote tumour cells survival. Herein, novel N-arylmethyl-aniline/chalcone hybrids 5a-5n were designed and synthesised as potential anticancer and VEGFR-2 inhibitors. The anticancer activity was evaluated at the NCI-USA, resulting in the identification of 10 remarkably potent molecules 5a-5j that were further subjected to the five-dose assays. Thereafter, they were explored for their VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity where 5e and 5h emerged as the most potent inhibitors. 5e and 5h induced apoptosis with cell cycle arrest at the SubG0-G1 phase within HCT-116 cells. Moreover, their impact on some key apoptotic genes was assessed, suggesting caspase-dependent apoptosis. Furthermore, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to explore the binding modes and stability of the protein-ligand complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham Haffez
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Ain Helwan, Egypt
- Center of Scientific Excellence “Helwan Structural Biology Research, (HSBR)”, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nosaiba A. Elsayed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Ain Helwan, Egypt
| | - Marwa F. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Ain Helwan, Egypt
| | - Samar S. Fatahala
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman F. Khaleel
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Mustafa Badi
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eslam B. Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A. El Hassab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University (KSIU), South Sinai, Egypt
| | - Sherif F. Hammad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Ain Helwan, Egypt
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, PharmD Program, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El-Arab City, Egypt Alexandria
| | - Wagdy M. Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Nicolas Masurier
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Radwan El-Haggar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Ain Helwan, Egypt
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Eissa IH, Yousef RG, Asmaey MA, Elkady H, Husein DZ, Alsfouk AA, Ibrahim IM, Elkady MA, Elkaeed EB, Metwaly AM. Computer-assisted drug discovery (CADD) of an anti-cancer derivative of the theobromine alkaloid inhibiting VEGFR-2. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101852. [PMID: 38028225 PMCID: PMC10663924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
VEGFR-2 is a significant target in cancer treatment, inhibiting angiogenesis and impeding tumor growth. Utilizing the essential pharmacophoric structural properties, a new semi-synthetic theobromine analogue (T-1-MBHEPA) was designed as VEGFR-2 inhibitor. Firstly, T-1-MBHEPA's stability and reactivity were indicated through several DFT computations. Additionally, molecular docking, MD simulations, MM-GPSA, PLIP, and essential dynamics (ED) experiments suggested T-1-MBHEPA's strong binding capabilities to VEGFR-2. Its computational ADMET profiles were also studied before the semi-synthesis and indicated a good degree of drug-likeness. T-1-MBHEPA was then semi-synthesized to evaluate the design and the in silico findings. It was found that, T-1-MBHEPA inhibited VEGFR-2 with an IC50 value of 0.121 ± 0.051 µM, as compared to sorafenib which had an IC50 value of 0.056 µM. Similarly, T-1-MBHEPA inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 and MCF7 cell lines with IC50 values of 4.61 and 4.85 µg/mL respectively - comparing sorafenib's IC50 values which were 2.24 µg/mL and 3.17 µg/mL respectively. Interestingly, T-1-MBHEPA revealed a noteworthy IC50 value of 80.0 µM against the normal cell lines exhibiting exceptionally high selectivity indexes (SI) of 17.4 and 16. 5 against the examined cell lines, respectively. T-1-MBHEPA increased the percentage of apoptotic MCF7 cells in early and late stages, respectively, from 0.71 % to 7.22 % and from 0.13 % to 2.72 %, while the necrosis percentage was increased to 11.41 %, in comparison to 2.22 % in control cells. Furthermore, T-1-MBHEPA reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-2 in the treated MCF7 cells by 33 % and 58 %, respectively indicating an additional anti-angiogenic mechanism. Also, T-1-MBHEPA decreased significantly the potentialities of MCF7 cells to heal and migrate from 65.9 % to 7.4 %. Finally, T-1-MBHEPA's oral treatment didn't show toxicity on the liver function (ALT and AST) and the kidney function (creatinine and urea) levels of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H. Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Reda G. Yousef
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A. Asmaey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, 71524, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Dalal Z. Husein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El-Kharja 72511, Egypt
| | - Aisha A. Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M. Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Elkady
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11231, Egypt
| | - Eslam B. Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt
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Senrung A, Tripathi T, Yadav J, Janjua D, Chaudhary A, Chhokar A, Aggarwal N, Joshi U, Goswami N, Bharti AC. In vivo antiangiogenic effect of nimbolide, trans-chalcone and piperine for use against glioblastoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1173. [PMID: 38036978 PMCID: PMC10691152 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11625-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is an important hallmark of Glioblastoma (GBM) marked by elevated vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and its receptor 2 (VEGFR-2). As previously reported nimbolide (NBL), trans-chalcone (TC) and piperine (PPR) possess promising antiangiogenic activity in several cancers however, their comparative efficacy and mechanism of antiangiogenic activity in GBM against VEGFR-2 has not been elucidated. METHODS 2D and 3D spheroids cultures of U87 (Uppsala 87 Malignant Glioma) were used for evaluation of non-cytotxoic dose for anti-angiogenic activity. The antiangiogenic effect was investigated by the GBM U87 cell line bearing chick CAM model. Excised U87 xenografts were histologically examined for blood vascular density by histochemistry. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the presence of avian and human VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 mRNA transcripts. RESULTS Using 2D and 3D spheroid models, the non-cytotoxic dose of NBL, TC and PPR was ≤ 11 µM. We found NBL, TC and PPR inhibit U87-induced neoangiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner in the CAM stand-alone model as well as in CAM U87 xenograft model. The results also indicate that these natural compounds inhibit the expression of notable angiogenic factors, VEGF-A and VEGFR-2. A positive correlation was found between blood vascular density and VEGF-A as well as VEGFR-2 transcripts. CONCLUSION Taken together, NBL, TC and PPR can suppress U87-induced neoangiogenesis via a reduction in VEGF-A and its receptor VEGFR-2 transcript expression at noncytotoxic concentrations. These phytochemicals showed their utility as adjuvants to GBM therapy, with Piperine demonstrating superior effectiveness among them all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Senrung
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
- Neuropharmacology and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Divya Janjua
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Apoorva Chaudhary
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
- Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Udit Joshi
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Nidhi Goswami
- Neuropharmacology and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India.
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Behairy MY, Eid RA, Otifi HM, Mohammed HM, Alshehri MA, Asiri A, Aldehri M, Zaki MSA, Darwish KM, Elhady SS, El-Shaer NH, Eldeen MA. Unraveling Extremely Damaging IRAK4 Variants and Their Potential Implications for IRAK4 Inhibitor Efficacy. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1648. [PMID: 38138875 PMCID: PMC10744719 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13121648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-1-receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) possesses a crucial function in the toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway, and the dysfunction of this molecule could lead to various infectious and immune-related diseases in addition to cancers. IRAK4 genetic variants have been linked to various types of diseases. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive analysis to recognize the missense variants with the most damaging impacts on IRAK4 with the employment of diverse bioinformatics tools to study single-nucleotide polymorphisms' effects on function, stability, secondary structures, and 3D structure. The residues' location on the protein domain and their conservation status were investigated as well. Moreover, docking tools along with structural biology were engaged in analyzing the SNPs' effects on one of the developed IRAK4 inhibitors. By analyzing IRAK4 gene SNPs, the analysis distinguished ten variants as the most detrimental missense variants. All variants were situated in highly conserved positions on an important protein domain. L318S and L318F mutations were linked to changes in IRAK4 secondary structures. Eight SNPs were revealed to have a decreasing effect on the stability of IRAK4 via both I-Mutant 2.0 and Mu-Pro tools, while Mu-Pro tool identified a decreasing effect for the G198E SNP. In addition, detrimental effects on the 3D structure of IRAK4 were also discovered for the selected variants. Molecular modeling studies highlighted the detrimental impact of these identified SNP mutant residues on the druggability of the IRAK4 ATP-binding site towards the known target inhibitor, HG-12-6, as compared to the native protein. The loss of important ligand residue-wise contacts, altered protein global flexibility, increased steric clashes, and even electronic penalties at the ligand-binding site interfaces were all suggested to be associated with SNP models for hampering the HG-12-6 affinity towards IRAK4 target protein. This given model lays the foundation for the better prediction of various disorders relevant to IRAK4 malfunction and sheds light on the impact of deleterious IRAK4 variants on IRAK4 inhibitor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Y. Behairy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt;
| | - Refaat A. Eid
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha P.O. Box 61421, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.E.); (H.M.O.)
| | - Hassan M. Otifi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha P.O. Box 61421, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.E.); (H.M.O.)
| | - Heitham M. Mohammed
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha P.O. Box 61421, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.M.); (M.A.); (M.S.A.Z.)
| | - Mohammed A. Alshehri
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha P.O. Box 62529, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.)
| | - Ashwag Asiri
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha P.O. Box 62529, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.)
| | - Majed Aldehri
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha P.O. Box 61421, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.M.); (M.A.); (M.S.A.Z.)
| | - Mohamed Samir A. Zaki
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha P.O. Box 61421, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.M.); (M.A.); (M.S.A.Z.)
| | - Khaled M. Darwish
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Sameh S. Elhady
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nahla H. El-Shaer
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Muhammad Alaa Eldeen
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
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Eissa IH, Yousef RG, Elkady H, Elkaeed EB, Alsfouk BA, Husein DZ, Asmaey MA, Ibrahim IM, Metwaly AM. Anti-breast cancer potential of a new xanthine derivative: In silico, antiproliferative, selectivity, VEGFR-2 inhibition, apoptosis induction and migration inhibition studies. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154894. [PMID: 37857034 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The overexpression of VEGFR-2 receptors in breast cancer provides a valuable approach to anticancer strategies. Targeting VEGFR-2, a new semisynthetic compound (T-1-MCPAB) has been designed. METHODS Computational methods (ADMET, toxicity, DFT, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics Simulations, MM-GBSA, PLIP, and PCAT) were conducted. In addition to the semi-synthesis, in vitro studies (anti-VEGFR-2, anti-proliferative, flow cytometry, and wound scratch assay) were employed. RESULTS ADME and toxicity profiles of T-1-MCPAB studies indicated its overall drug-likeness showing results much better than Sorafenib. Then, T-1-MCPAB's exact 3D structure, stability, and reactivity were evoked by the DFT calculations. Molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, MM-GPSA, PLIP, and PCAT studies denoted the correct binding and inhibiting potential of T-1-MCPAB, towards VEGFR-2 protein. After the semisynthesis, T-1-MCPAB inhibited VEGFR-2 with an IC50 of 0.135 µM, which was comparable to sorafenib's IC50 of 0.0591 µM. T-1-MCPAB also showed a notable performance against MCF7 and T47D breast cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 30.95 µM and 63.64 µM, respectively, and had high selectivity index values of 3.7 and 1.8, respectively. Furthermore, T-1-MCPAB influenced early and late apoptosis and significantly decreased the potential of MCF7 cells to heal and migrate. CONCLUSION T-1-MCPAB is a promising VEGFR-2 inhibitor with potential for breast cancer treatment. Further chemical and biological studies are needed to explore its potential as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Reda G Yousef
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bshra A Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Dalal Z Husein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El-Kharja 72511, Egypt.
| | - Mostafa A Asmaey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, 71524 Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University. Cairo 12613, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt.
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El-Metwally SA, Elkady H, Hagras M, Elkaeed EB, Alsfouk BA, Doghish AS, Ibrahim IM, Taghour MS, Husein DZ, Metwaly AM, Eissa IH. Discovery of new VEGFR-2 inhibitors and apoptosis inducer-based thieno[2,3- d]pyrimidine. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:2065-2086. [PMID: 37955128 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: VEGFR-2 is a key regulator of cancer cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. Aim: Development of thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as potential anti-cancer agents targeting VEGFR-2. Methods: Seven in vitro and nine in silico studies were conducted. Results: Compound 10d demonstrated strong anticancer potential, boosting apoptosis based on VEGFR-2 inhibition. It arrested the S phase of the cell cycle and upregulated the apoptotic factors. Docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies confirm the stability of the VEGFR-2-10d complex and suggest that these compounds have good binding affinities to VEGFR-2. In addition, the drug-likeness was confirmed. Conclusion: Thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines, particularly compound 10d, has good anticancer effects and may contribute to the development of new anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad A El-Metwally
- Department of Basic Science, Higher Technological institute, 10th of Ramadan City, Egypt
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bshra A Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, PO Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11231, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Taghour
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Dalal Z Husein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El-Kharja, 72511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy & Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
- Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research & Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Department of Basic Science, Higher Technological institute, 10th of Ramadan City, Egypt
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Eissa IH, Yousef RG, Elkady H, Elkaeed EB, Alsfouk AA, Husein DZ, Ibrahim IM, Radwan MM, Metwaly AM. A Theobromine Derivative with Anticancer Properties Targeting VEGFR-2: Semisynthesis, in silico and in vitro Studies. ChemistryOpen 2023; 12:e202300066. [PMID: 37803417 PMCID: PMC10558427 DOI: 10.1002/open.202300066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A computer-assisted drug design (CADD) approach was utilized to design a new acetamido-N-(para-fluorophenyl)benzamide) derivative of the naturally occurring alkaloid, theobromine, (T-1-APFPB), following the pharmacophoric features of VEGFR-2 inhibitors. The stability and reactivity of T-1-AFPB were assessed through density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Molecular docking assessments showed T-1-AFPB's potential to bind with and inhibit VEGFR-2. The precise binding of T-1-AFPB against VEGFR-2 with optimal energy was further confirmed through several molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, PLIP, MM-GBSA, and PCA studies. Then, T-1-AFPB (4-(2-(3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-dioxo-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-purin-1-yl)acetamido)-N-(4-fluorophenyl)benzamide) was semi-synthesized and the in vitro assays showed its potential to inhibit VEGFR-2 with an IC50 value of 69 nM (sorafenib's IC50 was 56 nM) and to inhibit the growth of HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 2.24±0.02 and 3.26±0.02 μM, respectively. Moreover, T-1-AFPB displayed very high selectivity indices against normal Vero cell lines. Furthermore, T-1-AFPB induced early (from 0.72 to 19.12) and late (from 0.13 to 6.37) apoptosis in HepG2 cell lines. In conclusion, the combined computational and experimental approaches demonstrated the efficacy and safety of T-1-APFPB providing it as a promising lead VEGFR-2 inhibitor for further development aiming at cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H. Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design DepartmentFaculty of Pharmacy (Boys)Al-Azhar UniversityCairo11884Egypt
| | - Reda G. Yousef
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design DepartmentFaculty of Pharmacy (Boys)Al-Azhar UniversityCairo11884Egypt
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design DepartmentFaculty of Pharmacy (Boys)Al-Azhar UniversityCairo11884Egypt
| | - Eslam B. Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacyAlMaarefa UniversityRiyadh13713Saudi Arabia
| | - Aisha A. Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacyPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O. Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal Z. Husein
- Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of ScienceNew Valley UniversityEl-Kharja72511Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed M. Radwan
- National Center for Natural Products ResearchUniversity of MississippiMississippiMS 38677USA
- Department of PharmacognosyFaculty of PharmacyAlexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt
| | - Ahmed M. Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants DepartmentFaculty of Pharmacy (Boys)Al-Azhar UniversityCairo11884Egypt
- Biopharmaceutical Products Research DepartmentGenetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research InstituteCity of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City)AlexandriaEgypt
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Preeti, Raza A, Anand A, Henry N, Sharma AK, Roussel P, Kumar V. Stereo/regio-selective access to substituted 3-hydroxy-oxindoles with anti-proliferative assessment and in silico validation. RSC Adv 2023; 13:28434-28443. [PMID: 37771919 PMCID: PMC10523091 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05869g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The manuscript focuses on a highly stereo-/regioselective approach for synthesizing a diverse array of substituted-3-hydroxy-2-oxindoles. The synthesized compounds were subsequently subjected to anti-proliferative assessment against various cell lines, including colorectal carcinoma, ovarian cancer, and human metastatic melanoma cancer. The structural characterization of the synthesized scaffolds was unambiguously confirmed using X-ray diffraction analysis. Among the synthesized compounds, one compound demonstrated exceptional potency within the series. It exhibited 1.2, 2.12, and 1.55 times greater potency than cisplatin against the HCT116, OVCAR10, and 1205Lu cell lines, respectively. These results were further supported by in vitro caspase-mediated apoptosis studies. Molecular docking studies of these compounds on the target VEGFR2 protein revealed their binding capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar India
| | - Asif Raza
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Hershey PA 17033 USA
| | - Amit Anand
- Department of Chemistry, Khalsa College Amritsar India
| | - Natacha Henry
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS) F-59000 Lille France
| | - Arun K Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Hershey PA 17033 USA
| | - Pascal Roussel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS) F-59000 Lille France
| | - Vipan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar India
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Elkady H, El-Dardir OA, Elwan A, Taghour MS, Mahdy HA, Dahab MA, Elkaeed EB, Alsfouk BA, Ibrahim IM, Husein DZ, Hafez EE, Darwish AMG, Metwaly AM, Eissa IH. Synthesis, biological evaluation and computer-aided discovery of new thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as potential antitumor VEGFR-2 inhibitors. RSC Adv 2023; 13:27801-27827. [PMID: 37731835 PMCID: PMC10508263 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05689a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, novel VEGFR-2-targeting thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives with potential anticancer properties were designed and synthesized. The ability of the designed derivatives to inhibit VEGFR-2 and stop the growth of three different cancer cell types (HT-29, A-549, and HCT-116) was examined in vitro. The IC50 value of compound 15, 0.081 μM, demonstrated the best anti-VEGFR-2 potency. Additionally, compound 15 showed remarkable anti-proliferative activities against the tested cancer cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 13.56 to 17.8 μM. Additional flow cytometric investigations showed that compound 15 increased apoptosis in HT-29 cancer cells (from 3.1% to 31.4%) arresting their growth in the S phase. Furthermore, compound 15's apoptosis induction in the same cell line was confirmed by increasing the levels of BAX (4.8-fold) and decreasing Bcl-2 (2.8-fold). Also, compound 15 noticeably increased caspase-8 and caspase-9 levels by 1.7 and 3.2-fold, respectively. Computational methods were used to perform molecular analysis of the VEGFR-2-15 complex. Molecular dynamics simulations and molecular docking were utilized to analyze the complex's kinetic and structural characteristics. Protein-ligand interaction profiler analysis (PLIP) determined the 3D interactions and binding conformation of the VEGFR-2-15 complex. DFT analyses also provided insights into the 3D geometry, reactivity, and electronic characteristics of compound 15. Computational ADMET and toxicity experiments were conducted to determine the potential of the synthesized compounds for therapeutic development. The study's findings suggest that compound 15 might be an effective anticancer lead compound and could guide future attempts to develop new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Osama A El-Dardir
- Undergraduate Student, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Taghour
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Mohammed A Dahab
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University Riyadh 13713 Saudi Arabia
| | - Bshra A Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh 11671 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt
| | - Dalal Z Husein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University El-Kharja 72511 Egypt
| | - Elsayed E Hafez
- Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis, ALCRI, City of scientific research and technological applications New Borg El-Arab City Alexandria 21934 Egypt
| | - Amira M G Darwish
- Food Industry Technology Program, Faculty of Industrial and Energy Technology, Borg Al Arab Technological University Alexandria Egypt
- Food Technology Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City) Alexandria 21934 Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
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46
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He X, Zhang M, Wei F, Wang S. Affinity character analysis of magnolol and honokiol based on stepwise frontal analysis coupled with cell membrane chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1229:123903. [PMID: 37844406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Magnolol and honokiol have been reported to exhibit anti-cancer activity. However, few studies are in relation to the interaction of magnolol/honokiol with vascular endothelial growth factor 2 (VEGFR2). In this study, a membrane chromatography method based on VEGFR2 was established for the interaction characteristic analysis between drug and receptor. The selectivity, repeatability and stability of the chromatographic model were evaluated using drugs acting on different receptors. The affinity between VEGFR2 and magnolol/honokiol was verified by cell membrane chromatography. The binding sites of magnolol/honokiol and VEGFR2 were analyzed by zonal elution. Especially, the dissociation equilibrium constants (Kd) of magnolol/honokiol and VEGFR2 were measured by zonal elution and stepwise frontal analysis respectively. In addition, the actions of magnolol/honokiol on VEGFR2 were analyzed by stepwise frontal analysis at different temperatures. The results showed that the binding sites of magnolol and honokiol on VEGFR2 were different from sorafenib, indicating that magnolol and honokiol could be used as competitive agents for self-competitive displacement experiment. The Kd values (order of magnitude) of magnolol/honokiol with VEGFR2 measured by stepwise frontal analysis were consistent with the zonal elution results. Honokiol binds VEGFR2 with higher affinity than magnolol. The main forces that stabilize the interactions of honokiol with VEGFR2 are hydrogen bonds and van der Waal's forces, and the main force of magnolol is electrostatic forces. These discoveries could assist in the prediction of drug activity and understanding for the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuang He
- Health Science Center, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Meihui Zhang
- Health Science Center, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Fen Wei
- Health Science Center, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Sicen Wang
- Health Science Center, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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47
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Radwan EM, Abo-Elabass E, Abd El-Baky AE, Alshwyeh HA, Almaimani RA, Almaimani G, Ibrahim IAA, Albogami A, Jaremko M, Alshawwa SZ, Saied EM. Unveiling the antitumor potential of novel N-(substituted-phenyl)-8-methoxycoumarin-3-carboxamides as dual inhibitors of VEGFR2 kinase and cytochrome P450 for targeted treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Chem 2023; 11:1231030. [PMID: 37601910 PMCID: PMC10436493 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1231030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Being the sixth most diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, liver cancer is considered as a serious disease with a high prevalence and poor prognosis. Current anticancer drugs for liver cancer have drawbacks, such as limited efficacy in later stages of the disease, toxicity to healthy cells, and the potential for drug resistance. There is ample evidence that coumarin-based compounds are potent anticancer agents, with numerous analogues currently being investigated in preclinical and clinical studies. The current study aimed to explore the antitumor potency of a new class of 8-methoxycoumarin-3-carboxamides against liver cancer. Toward this aim, we have designed, synthesized, and characterized a new set of N-(substituted-phenyl)-8-methoxycoumarin-3-carboxamide analogues. The assessment of antitumor activity revealed that the synthesized class of compounds possesses substantial cytotoxicity toward Hep-G2 cells when compared to staurosporine, without significant impact on normal cells. Out of the synthesized compounds, compound 7 demonstrated the most potent cytotoxic effect against Hep-G2 cells with an IC50 of 0.75 µM, which was more potent than the drug staurosporine (IC50 = 8.37 µM). The investigation into the mechanism behind the antiproliferative activity of compound 7 revealed that it interferes with DNA replication and induces DNA damage, leading to cell cycle arrest as demonstrated by a significant decrease in the percentage of cells in the G1 and G2/M phases, along with an increase in the percentage of cells in the S phase. Flow cytometric analysis further revealed that compound 7 has the ability to trigger programmed cell death by inducing necrosis and apoptosis in HepG-2 cells. Further explorations into the mechanism of action demonstrated that compound 7 displays a potent dual-inhibitory activity toward cytochrome P450 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) proteins, as compared to sorafenib drug. Further, detailed computational studies revealed that compound 7 displays a considerable binding affinity toward the binding cavity of VEGFR2 and CYP450 proteins. Taken together, our findings indicate that the newly synthesized class of compounds, particularly compound 7, could serve as a promising scaffold for the development of highly effective anticancer agents against liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M. Radwan
- The Division of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Port-Said University, Port-Said, Egypt
| | - Eman Abo-Elabass
- The Division of Biochemistry, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Port-Said University, Port-Said, Egypt
| | - Atef E. Abd El-Baky
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port-Said University, Port-Said, Egypt
| | - Hussah Abdullah Alshwyeh
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Basic and Applied Scientific Research Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad A. Almaimani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghassan Almaimani
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Albogami
- Biology Department, Faculty of science, Al-Baha University, Al Aqiq, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences (BESE) and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Z. Alshawwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essa M. Saied
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- Institute for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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48
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El-Metwally SA, Elkady H, Hagras M, Husein DZ, Ibrahim IM, Taghour MS, El-Mahdy HA, Ismail A, Alsfouk BA, Elkaeed EB, Metwaly AM, Eissa IH. Design, synthesis, anti-proliferative evaluation, docking, and MD simulation studies of new thieno[2,3- d]pyrimidines targeting VEGFR-2. RSC Adv 2023; 13:23365-23385. [PMID: 37545598 PMCID: PMC10401666 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03128d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, new thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-derived compounds possessing potential anticancer activities were designed and synthesized to target VEGFR-2. The thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives were tested in vitro for their abilities to inhibit VEGFR-2 and to prevent cancer cell growth in two types of cancer cells, MCF-7 and HepG2. Compound 18 exhibited the strongest anti-VEGFR-2 potential with an IC50 value of 0.084 μM. Additionally, it displayed excellent proliferative effects against MCF-7 and HepG2 cancer cell lines, with IC50 values of 10.17 μM and 24.47 μM, respectively. Further studies revealed that compound 18 induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and promoted apoptosis in MCF-7 cancer cells. Apoptosis was stimulated by compound 18 by increasing BAX (3.6-fold) and decreasing Bcl-2 (3.1-fold). Additionally, compound 18 significantly raised the levels of caspase-8 (2.6-fold) and caspase-9 (5.4-fold). Computational techniques were also used to investigate the VEGFR-2-18 complex at a molecular level. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were performed to assess the structural and energetic features of the complex. The protein-ligand interaction profiler analysis identified the 3D interactions and binding conformation of the VEGFR-2-18 complex. Essential dynamics (ED) study utilizing principal component analysis (PCA) described the protein dynamics of the VEGFR-2-18 complex at various spatial scales. Bi-dimensional projection analysis confirmed the proper binding of the VEGFR-2-18 complex. In addition, the DFT studies provided insights into the structural and electronic properties of compound 18. Finally, computational ADMET and toxicity studies were conducted to evaluate the potential of the thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives for drug development. The results of the study suggested that compound 18 could be a promising anticancer agent that may provide effective treatment options for cancer patients. Furthermore, the computational techniques used in this research provided valuable insights into the molecular interactions of the VEGFR-2-18 complex, which may guide future drug design efforts. Overall, this study highlights the potential of thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as a new class of anticancer agents and provides a foundation for further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad A El-Metwally
- Department of Basic Science, Higher Technological Institute 10th of Ramadan City Egypt
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Dalal Z Husein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University El-Kharja 72511 Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Cairo 12613 Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Taghour
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Nasr City Cairo 11231 Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Nasr City Cairo 11231 Egypt
| | - Bshra A Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh 11671 Saudi Arabia
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University Riyadh 13713 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
- Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City) Alexandria Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
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49
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Swaminathan S, Karvembu R. Dichloro Ru(II)- p-cymene-1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (RAPTA-C): A Case Study. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:982-996. [PMID: 37470017 PMCID: PMC10353064 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The use of organometallic compounds to treat various phenotypes of cancer has attracted increased interest in recent decades. Organometallic compounds, which are transitional between conventional inorganic and organic materials, have outstanding and one-of-a-kind features that offer fresh insight into the development of inorganic medicinal chemistry. The therapeutic potential of ruthenium(II)-arene RAPTA-type compounds is being thoroughly investigated, specifically owing to the excellent antimetastatic property of the initial candidate RAPTA-C. This review gives a thorough analysis of this complex and its evolution as a potential anticancer drug candidate. The numerous mechanistic investigations of RAPTA-C are discussed, and they are connected to the macroscopic biological characteristics that have been found. The "multitargeted" complex described here target enzymes, peptides, and intracellular proteins in addition to DNA that allow it to specifically target cancer cells. Understanding these may allow researchers to find specific targets and tune a new-generation organometallic complex accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srividya Swaminathan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620015, Tamil Nadu, India
- Center
for Computational Modeling, Chennai Institute
of Technology (CIT), Chennai 600069, India
| | - Ramasamy Karvembu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620015, Tamil Nadu, India
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50
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El-Fakharany ZS, Nissan YM, Sedky NK, Arafa RK, Abou-Seri SM. New proapoptotic chemotherapeutic agents based on the quinolone-3-carboxamide scaffold acting by VEGFR-2 inhibition. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11346. [PMID: 37443185 PMCID: PMC10444817 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38264-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, we designed and synthesized a series of new quinoline derivatives 10a-p as antiproliferative agents targeting cancer through inhibition of VEGFR-2. Preliminary molecular docking to assess the interactions of the designed derivatives with the binding site of VEGFR-2 (PDB code: 4ASD) displayed binding poses and interactions comparable to sorafenib. The synthesized compounds exhibited VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity with IC50 ranging from 36 nM to 2.23 μM compared to sorafenib (IC50 = 45 nM), where derivative 10i was the most potent. Additionally, the synthesized derivatives were evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxic activity against HepG2 cancer cell line. Seven compounds 10a, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10i, 10n and 10o (IC50 = 4.60, 4.14, 1.07, 0.88, 1.60, 2.88 and 2.76 μM respectively) displayed better antiproliferative activity than sorafenib (IC50 = 8.38 μM). Compound 10i was tested against Transformed Human Liver Epithelial-2 normal cell line (THLE-2) to evaluate its selective cytotoxicity. Furthermore, 10i, as a potent representative of the series, was assayed for its apoptotic activity and cell cycle kinetics' influence on HepG2, its effects on the gene expression of VEGFR-2, and protein expression of the apoptotic markers Caspase-7 and Bax. Compound 10i proved to have a potential role in apoptosis by causing significant increase in the early and late apoptotic quartiles, a remarkable activity in elevating the relative protein expression of Bax and Caspase-7 and a significant reduction of VEGFR-2 gene expression. Collectively, the obtained results indicate that compound 10i has a promising potential as a lead compound for the development of new anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab S El-Fakharany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Cairo, 12451, Egypt
| | - Yassin M Nissan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Cairo, 12451, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Nada K Sedky
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted By Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reem K Arafa
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October City, Giza, 12578, Egypt.
- Drug Design and Discovery Lab, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Cairo, 12578, Egypt.
| | - Sahar M Abou-Seri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
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