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Wang Q, Liu Z, Zeng X, Zheng Y, Lan L, Wang X, Lai Z, Hou X, Gao L, Liang L, Tang S, Zhang Z, Leng J, Fan X. Integrated analysis of miRNA-mRNA expression of newly emerging swine H3N2 influenza virus cross-species infection with tree shrews. Virol J 2024; 21:4. [PMID: 38178220 PMCID: PMC10768296 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02260-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-species transmission of zoonotic IAVs to humans is potentially widespread and lethal, posing a great threat to human health, and their cross-species transmission mechanism has attracted much attention. miRNAs have been shown to be involved in the regulation of IAVs infection and immunity, however, few studies have focused on the molecular mechanisms underlying miRNAs and mRNAs expression after IAVs cross-species infection. METHODS We used tree shrews, a close relative of primates, as a model and used RNA-Seq and bioinformatics tools to analyze the expression profiles of DEMs and DEGs in the nasal turbinate tissue at different time points after the newly emerged swine influenza A virus SW2783 cross-species infection with tree shrews, and miRNA-mRNA interaction maps were constructed and verified by RT-qPCR, miRNA transfection and luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS 14 DEMs were screened based on functional analysis and interaction map, miR-760-3p, miR-449b-2, miR-30e-3p, and miR-429 were involved in the signal transduction process of replication and proliferation after infection, miR-324-3p, miR-1301-1, miR-103-1, miR-134-5p, miR-29a, miR-31, miR-16b, miR-34a, and miR-125b participate in negative feedback regulation of genes related to the immune function of the body to activate the antiviral immune response, and miR-106b-3p may be related to the cross-species infection potential of SW2783, and the expression level of these miRNAs varies in different days after infection. CONCLUSIONS The miRNA regulatory networks were constructed and 14 DEMs were identified, some of them can affect the replication and proliferation of viruses by regulating signal transduction, while others can play an antiviral role by regulating the immune response. It indicates that abnormal expression of miRNAs plays a crucial role in the regulation of cross-species IAVs infection, which lays a solid foundation for further exploration of the molecular regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in IAVs cross-species infection and anti-influenza virus targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Wang
- Department of Immunology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Zihe Liu
- Department of Immunology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xia Zeng
- Department of Immunology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Immunology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Li Lan
- Department of Immunology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xinhang Wang
- Department of Immunology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zhenping Lai
- Department of Microbiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Hou
- Department of Immunology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Lingxi Gao
- Department of Microbiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Liang Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Shen Tang
- Department of Immunology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zengfeng Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jing Leng
- Department of Immunology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China.
- Key Laboratory of Characteristic Experimental Animal Models of Guangxi, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China.
| | - Xiaohui Fan
- Department of Microbiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China.
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Genome-wide identification of chicken bursae of Fabricius miRNAs in response to very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. Arch Virol 2022; 167:1855-1864. [PMID: 35752686 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05496-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) can cause a highly contagious immunosuppressive disease in young chickens. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators of gene expression and are involved in the pathogenesis of IBDV infection. To investigate the roles of miRNA in chicken bursae of Fabricius in response to very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) infection, RNA sequencing was performed to compare the small RNA libraries from uninfected and vvIBDV-infected group which was infected for 3 days. A total of 77 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs were identified in BF, of which 42 DE miRNAs were upregulated and 35 DE miRNAs were downregulated. A gene ontology analysis showed that genes associated with cellular processes, cells, and binding were enriched. Moreover, pathway analyses suggested that apoptosis, T cell receptor signaling pathways, and chemokine signaling pathways may be activated following vvIBDV infection. In addition, we predicted the target genes of DE miRNAs and constructed an miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. In total, 189 pairs of miRNA-target genes were identified, comprising 67 DE miRNAs and 73 mRNAs. In this network, gga-miR-1684b-3p was identified with the highest fold change, as well as gga-miR-1788-3p and gga-miR-3530-5p showed a high degree of change. The above three miRNAs were considered to play vital roles in vvIBDV-host interactions. This study was the first to perform a comprehensive analysis of DE miRNAs in the bursa of Fabricius in response to vvIBDV infection, and it provided new insights into molecular mechanisms underlying vvIBDV infection and pathogenesis.
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Kooshkaki O, Asghari A, Mahdavi R, Azarkar G, Parsamanesh N. Potential of MicroRNAs As Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Respiratory Viruses: A Literature Review. DNA Cell Biol 2022; 41:544-563. [PMID: 35699380 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression through recognition of cognate sequences and interference of transcriptional, translational, or epigenetic processes. Hundreds of miRNA genes have been found in diverse viruses, and many of these are phylogenetically conserved. Respiratory viruses are the most frequent causative agents of disease in humans, with a significant impact on morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recently, the role of miRNAs in respiratory viral gene regulation, as well as host gene regulation during disease progression, has become a field of interest. This review highlighted the importance of various miRNAs and their potential role in fighting with respiratory viruses as therapeutic molecules with a focus on COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Kooshkaki
- Department of Hematology, Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Arghavan Asghari
- Department of Hematology, Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Hematology, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Reza Mahdavi
- Department of Hematology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ghodsiyeh Azarkar
- Department of Hematology, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Negin Parsamanesh
- Department of Hematology, Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
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Danggui Buxue Decoction Ameliorates Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis through MicroRNA and Messenger RNA Regulatory Network. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3439656. [PMID: 35518349 PMCID: PMC9064538 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3439656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a putative microRNA (miRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) regulatory network of Danggui Buxue decoction's (DGBXD) amelioration of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). METHODS The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) and differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs). Using miRNet, the predicted target genes of identified DE-miRNAs were estimated, and then the target genes of DE-miRNAs in IPF were comprehensively examined. The Enrichr database was used to conduct functional enrichment and pathway enrichment. Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) was employed to obtain the target genes of DGBXD as well as active compounds. A putative miRNA-mRNA regulatory network of DGBXD acting on IPF was developed by intersecting the target genes of DGBXD with the DE-miRNA target genes in IPF. A bleomycin-induced mouse model was established and used to perform histopathology as well as real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analyses of some miRNA-mRNA pairs. RESULTS Fourteen upmodulated DE-miRNAs and six downmodulated DE-miRNAs were screened. The downstream target genes of upmodulated and downmodulated DE-miRNAs were predicted. Subsequently, 1160 upmodulated DE-mRNAs and 1427 downmodulated DE-mRNAs were identified. Then, target genes of DE-miRNAs comprising 49 downmodulated and 53 upmodulated target genes were further screened to perform functional enrichment and pathway enrichment analyses. Subsequently, 196 target genes of DGBXD were obtained from TCMSP, with six downregulated target genes and six upregulated target genes of DGBXD acting on IPF being identified. A promising miRNA-mRNA regulatory network of DGBXD acting on IPF was developed in this study. Moreover, mir-493 together with its target gene Olr1 and mir-338 together with Hif1a were further validated by qRT-PCR. CONCLUSION This study proposed detailed possible processes of miRNA-mRNA modulatory axis in IPF and constructed a prospective IPF-related miRNA-mRNA modulatory network with the aim of alleviating IPF with DGBXD.
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Bamunuarachchi G, Pushparaj S, Liu L. Interplay between host non-coding RNAs and influenza viruses. RNA Biol 2021; 18:767-784. [PMID: 33404285 PMCID: PMC8078518 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1872170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus infection through seasonal epidemics and occasional pandemics has been a major public health concern for decades. Incomplete protection from vaccination and increased antiviral resistance due to frequent mutations of influenza viruses have led to a continuous need for new therapeutic options. The functional significance of host protein and influenza virus interactions has been established, but relatively less is known about the interaction of host noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, with influenza viruses. In this review, we summarize host noncoding RNA profiles during influenza virus infection and the regulation of influenza virus infection by host noncoding RNAs. Influenza viral non-coding RNAs are briefly discussed. Increased understanding of the molecular regulation of influenza viral replication will be beneficial in identifying potential therapeutic targets against the influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayan Bamunuarachchi
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA
| | - Samuel Pushparaj
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA
| | - Lin Liu
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA
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Diallo I, Ho J, Laffont B, Laugier J, Benmoussa A, Lambert M, Husseini Z, Soule G, Kozak R, Kobinger GP, Provost P. Altered microRNA Transcriptome in Cultured Human Liver Cells upon Infection with Ebola Virus. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073792. [PMID: 33917562 PMCID: PMC8038836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV) is a virulent pathogen, notorious for inducing life-threatening hemorrhagic fever, that has been responsible for several outbreaks in Africa and remains a public health threat. Yet, its pathogenesis is still not completely understood. Although there have been numerous studies on host transcriptional response to EBOV, with an emphasis on the clinical features, the impact of EBOV infection on post-transcriptional regulatory elements, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), remains largely unexplored. MiRNAs are involved in inflammation and immunity and are believed to be important modulators of the host response to viral infection. Here, we have used small RNA sequencing (sRNA-Seq), qPCR and functional analyses to obtain the first comparative miRNA transcriptome (miRNome) of a human liver cell line (Huh7) infected with one of the following three EBOV strains: Mayinga (responsible for the first Zaire outbreak in 1976), Makona (responsible for the West Africa outbreak in 2013–2016) and the epizootic Reston (presumably innocuous to humans). Our results highlight specific miRNA-based immunity pathways and substantial differences between the strains beyond their clinical manifestation and pathogenicity. These analyses shed new light into the molecular signature of liver cells upon EBOV infection and reveal new insights into miRNA-based virus attack and host defense strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idrissa Diallo
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (I.D.); (J.H.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (A.B.); (M.L.); (Z.H.); (G.P.K.)
| | - Jeffrey Ho
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (I.D.); (J.H.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (A.B.); (M.L.); (Z.H.); (G.P.K.)
| | - Benoit Laffont
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (I.D.); (J.H.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (A.B.); (M.L.); (Z.H.); (G.P.K.)
| | - Jonathan Laugier
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (I.D.); (J.H.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (A.B.); (M.L.); (Z.H.); (G.P.K.)
| | - Abderrahim Benmoussa
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (I.D.); (J.H.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (A.B.); (M.L.); (Z.H.); (G.P.K.)
| | - Marine Lambert
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (I.D.); (J.H.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (A.B.); (M.L.); (Z.H.); (G.P.K.)
| | - Zeinab Husseini
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (I.D.); (J.H.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (A.B.); (M.L.); (Z.H.); (G.P.K.)
| | - Geoff Soule
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3B 3M9, Canada; (G.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Robert Kozak
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3B 3M9, Canada; (G.S.); (R.K.)
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine & Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Gary P. Kobinger
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (I.D.); (J.H.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (A.B.); (M.L.); (Z.H.); (G.P.K.)
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3B 3M9, Canada; (G.S.); (R.K.)
- Département de Microbiologie Médicale, Université du Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Patrick Provost
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (I.D.); (J.H.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (A.B.); (M.L.); (Z.H.); (G.P.K.)
- CHUQ Research Center/CHUL Pavilion, 2705 Blvd Laurier, Room T1-65, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-525-4444 (ext. 48842)
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Hachim MY, Al Heialy S, Senok A, Hamid Q, Alsheikh-Ali A. Molecular Basis of Cardiac and Vascular Injuries Associated With COVID-19. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:582399. [PMID: 33240937 PMCID: PMC7669624 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.582399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The presence of the pre-existing cardiac disease is associated with an increased likelihood of severe clinical course and mortality in patients with COVID-19. Besides, current evidence indicates that a significant number of patients with COVID-19 also exhibit cardiovascular involvement even in the absence of known cardiac risk factors. Therefore, there is a need to understand the underlying mechanisms and genetic predispositions that explain cardiovascular involvement in COVID-19. Objectives:In silico analysis of publicly available datasets to decipher the molecular basis, potential pathways, and the role of the endothelium in the pathogenesis of cardiac and vascular injuries in COVID-19. Materials and Methods: Consistent significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) shared by endothelium and peripheral immune cells were identified in five microarray transcriptomic profiling datasets in patients with venous thromboembolism “VTE,” acute coronary syndrome, heart failure and/or cardiogenic shock (main cardiovascular injuries related to COVID-19) compared to healthy controls. The identified genes were further examined in the publicly available transcriptomic dataset for cell/tissue specificity in lung tissue, in different ethnicities and in SARS-CoV-2 infected vs. mock-infected lung tissues and cardiomyocytes. Results: We identified 36 DEGs in blood and endothelium known to play key roles in endothelium and vascular biology, regulation of cellular response to stress as well as endothelial cell migration. Some of these genes were upregulated significantly in SARS-CoV-2 infected lung tissues. On the other hand, some genes with cardioprotective functions were downregulated in SARS-CoV-2 infected cardiomyocytes. Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings from the analysis of publicly available transcriptomic datasets identified shared core genes pertinent to cardiac and vascular-related injuries and their probable role in genetic susceptibility to cardiovascular injury in patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Yaseen Hachim
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saba Al Heialy
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.,Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Abiola Senok
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.,College of Medicine, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alawi Alsheikh-Ali
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Liang Z, Wang L, Wu H, Singh D, Zhang X. Integrative analysis of microRNA and mRNA expression profiles in MARC-145 cells infected with PRRSV. Virus Genes 2020; 56:610-620. [PMID: 32785889 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-020-01786-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes tremendous economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. miRNAs are crucial regulators of gene expression and a wide range of complex interactions of miRNAs-mRNAs is possible during virus infection. However, there is no comprehensive integrated study of miRNA and mRNA networks in MARC-145 cells after infection with PRRSV. We analyzed the differential expressions, co-relations, annotations, and putative functions of miRNA and mRNA networks in PRRSV-infected MARC-145 cells. Based on the filtering criterion, 22 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) (15 up- and 7 downregulated) were filtered out. miRNA-mRNA interaction networks were constructed. For the 18 selected miRNAs, 390 potential target genes were predicted from the differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRs). GO and KEGG pathway annotations predicted 34 KEGG pathways, 12 of which are known to be involved in virus infection. Real-time PCR validated the RNA-seq results. Our analysis showed that miR-27a-5p and miR-21-3p downregulate the expression of two of their potential target genes-SPARC, CLIC1, and cofilin-1, COX7A2, respectively. Further experiments proved that miR-21-3p and miR-27a-5p can promote PRRSV replication significantly. It is the first report that these two miRNAs participate in the interaction of host cells with PRRSV. Our results provide insights into the role of miRNAs in response to PRRSV infection, which will aid the research for developing novel therapies against PRRSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenpu Liang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Liang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Hui Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Deepali Singh
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, 201312, India
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
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