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Auderset D, Amiguet M, Clair C, Riou J, Pittet V, Schwarz J, Mueller Y. Gender/Sex Disparities in the COVID-19 Cascade From Testing to Mortality: An Intersectional Analysis of Swiss Surveillance Data. Int J Public Health 2024; 69:1607063. [PMID: 38835806 PMCID: PMC11148283 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1607063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study investigates gender and sex disparities in COVID-19 epidemiology in the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland, focusing on the interplay with socioeconomic position (SEP) and age. Methods We analyzed COVID-19 surveillance data from March 2020 to June 2021, using an intersectional approach. Negative binomial regression models assessed disparities between women and men, across SEP quintiles and age groups, in testing, positivity, hospitalizations, ICU admissions, and mortality (Incidence Rate Ratios [IRR], with 95% Confidence Intervals [CI]). Results Women had higher testing and positivity rates than men, while men experienced more hospitalizations, ICU admissions, and deaths. The higher positivity in women under 50 was mitigated when accounting for their higher testing rates. Within SEP quintiles, gender/sex differences in testing and positivity were not significant. In the lowest quintile, women's mortality risk was 68% lower (Q1: IRR 0.32, CI 0.20-0.52), with decreasing disparities with increasing SEP quintiles (Q5: IRR 0.66, CI 0.41-1.06). Conclusion Our findings underscore the complex epidemiological patterns of COVID-19, shaped by the interactions of gender/sex, SEP, and age, highlighting the need for intersectional perspectives in both epidemiological research and public health strategy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Auderset
- Department of Family Medicine, University Center of General Medicine and Public Health, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michaël Amiguet
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, University Center of General Medicine and Public Health, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carole Clair
- Department of Ambulatory Care, University Center of General Medicine and Public Health, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Riou
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, University Center of General Medicine and Public Health, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valérie Pittet
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, University Center of General Medicine and Public Health, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joelle Schwarz
- Department of Ambulatory Care, University Center of General Medicine and Public Health, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yolanda Mueller
- Department of Family Medicine, University Center of General Medicine and Public Health, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Aldarhami A, Punjabi AA, Bazaid AS, Binsaleh NK, Althomali OW, Sherwani S, Hafiz O, Almishaal AA. Prevalence and risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant bacteria in COVID-19 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37389. [PMID: 38457584 PMCID: PMC10919534 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial coinfection among patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a critical medical concern that increases the disease severity and mortality rate. The current study is aimed at evaluating the effects of bacterial coinfections among COVID-19 patients, especially in relation to degree of severity and mortality. A retrospective study was conducted for patients with positive COVID-19 test, admitted to a regional COVID-19 hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between May and August 2020. A specimen (e.g., blood, urine, or sputum) was collected from patients with confirmed COVID-19, and was cultured to determine bacterial coinfection caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria. COVID-19 patients were categorized into 2 groups based on the result of bacterial coinfection culture, as COVID-19 patients with coinfection and COVID-19 patients without coinfection. Independent sample t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare age and hospitalization period between these groups. In addition, binominal logistic regression was applied to identify risk factors associated with mortality and bacterial coinfection. The study included 342 patients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19. Eighty (23.3%) patients were diagnosed with bacterial coinfection, while the remaining 262 (76.6%) patients did not test positive for bacterial coinfection. Length of hospital stay was prolonged among COVID-19 patients diagnosed with bacterial coinfection (16.01 ± 11.36 days) when compared with patients without bacterial coinfection (6.5 ± 6.12 days). Likewise, the mortality rate was significantly higher among COVID-19 patients with bacterial coinfection (90%) compared to those without bacterial coinfection (49.2%). Gram-negative bacteria were predominant compared to gram-positive, as Klebsiella pneumoniae (35 [43.8%]) and Acinetobacter baumanni (32 [40%]). On the other hand, Staphylococcus aureus (4 [5%]), Enterococcus faecalis (1 [1.3%]), and Enterococcus faecium (1 [1.3%]) were identified as gram-positive bacterial species from recruited patients. The findings of the current study showed that prolong hospitalization is the main risk factor associated with bacterial coinfection and death. Thus, health care providers should minimize hospitalization as well as following a continuous monitoring for bacterial coinfection among COVID-19 patients, to control the spread of infection and reducing the severity and mortality rate among COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdu Aldarhami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Qunfudah Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Qunfudah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Punjabi
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology BB, International Medical Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman S. Bazaid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif K. Binsaleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Hail, Saudi Arabia
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha’il, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar W. Althomali
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Subuhi Sherwani
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha’il, Hail, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Hafiz
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A. Almishaal
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Hail, Saudi Arabia
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Khodanovich M, Naumova A, Kamaeva D, Obukhovskaya V, Vasilieva S, Schastnyy E, Kataeva N, Levina A, Kudabaeva M, Pashkevich V, Moshkina M, Tumentceva Y, Svetlik M. Neurocognitive Changes in Patients with Post-COVID Depression. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1442. [PMID: 38592295 PMCID: PMC10933987 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression and cognitive impairment are recognized complications of COVID-19. This study aimed to assess cognitive performance in clinically diagnosed post-COVID depression (PCD, n = 25) patients using neuropsychological testing. Methods: The study involved 71 post-COVID patients with matched control groups: recovered COVID-19 individuals without complications (n = 18) and individuals without prior COVID-19 history (n = 19). A post-COVID depression group (PCD, n = 25) was identified based on psychiatric diagnosis, and a comparison group (noPCD, n = 46) included participants with neurological COVID-19 complications, excluding clinical depression. Results: The PCD patients showed gender-dependent significant cognitive impairment in the MoCA, Word Memory Test (WMT), Stroop task (SCWT), and Trail Making Test (TMT) compared to the controls and noPCD patients. Men with PCD showed worse performances on the SCWT, in MoCA attention score, and on the WMT (immediate and delayed word recall), while women with PCD showed a decline in MoCA total score, an increased processing time with less errors on the TMT, and worse immediate recall. No differences between groups in Sniffin's stick test were found. Conclusions: COVID-related direct (post-COVID symptoms) and depression-mediated (depression itself, male sex, and severity of COVID-19) predictors of decline in memory and information processing speed were identified. Our findings may help to personalize the treatment of depression, taking a patient's gender and severity of previous COVID-19 disease into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Khodanovich
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (D.K.); (V.O.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (M.K.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (Y.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Anna Naumova
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, South Lake Union Campus, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA;
| | - Daria Kamaeva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (D.K.); (V.O.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (M.K.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (Y.T.); (M.S.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Aleutskaya Street, Tomsk 634014, Russia
| | - Victoria Obukhovskaya
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (D.K.); (V.O.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (M.K.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (Y.T.); (M.S.)
- Department of Fundamental Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, Siberian State Medical University, 2 Moskovskiy Trakt, Tomsk 6340505, Russia
| | - Svetlana Vasilieva
- Department of Affective States, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Aleutskaya Street, Tomsk 634014, Russia; (S.V.); (E.S.)
| | - Evgeny Schastnyy
- Department of Affective States, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Aleutskaya Street, Tomsk 634014, Russia; (S.V.); (E.S.)
| | - Nadezhda Kataeva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (D.K.); (V.O.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (M.K.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (Y.T.); (M.S.)
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Siberian State Medical University, 2 Moskovskiy Trakt, Tomsk 6340505, Russia
| | - Anastasia Levina
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (D.K.); (V.O.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (M.K.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (Y.T.); (M.S.)
- Medica Diagnostic and Treatment Center, 86 Sovetskaya Street, Tomsk 634510, Russia
| | - Marina Kudabaeva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (D.K.); (V.O.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (M.K.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (Y.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Valentina Pashkevich
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (D.K.); (V.O.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (M.K.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (Y.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Marina Moshkina
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (D.K.); (V.O.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (M.K.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (Y.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Yana Tumentceva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (D.K.); (V.O.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (M.K.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (Y.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Mikhail Svetlik
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (D.K.); (V.O.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (M.K.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (Y.T.); (M.S.)
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Malinowska A, Ruszkowski J, Muchlado M, Ślizień Z, Heleniak Z, Parczewska A, Kanclerz K, Biedunkiewicz B, Tylicki L, Król E, Dębska-Ślizień A. Effect of COVID-19 on Kidney Graft Function One Year after Onset. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 60:26. [PMID: 38256287 PMCID: PMC11154522 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are at a higher risk of severe COVID-19 development. The course of the infection may vary. Long-term consequences for graft function are still being studied. We investigate whether the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection among KTRs had a long-term effect on graft function. Patients and method: 128 KTRs with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included in the study. They were divided into two groups: mild (without the need for oxygen therapy; n = 91) and severe (with the need for oxygen therapy; n = 21). Baseline characteristics and medical data, especially creatinine level, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) CKD-EPI, and proteinuria, were analyzed. The main outcomes were the absolute and relative change in eGFR during the one-year follow-up after COVID-19. In the final models, sex, age, smoking, presence of diabetes mellitus (DM), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) were included. Results: KTRs with severe COVID-19 were older, more likely to smoke, and had DM and CVD more frequently. Our analysis reveals that COVID-19 severity was associated with a significantly more pronounced relative eGFR decline one year after recovery only in males [-13.94 (95% CI: -25.13 to -2.76, p = 0.015) percentage points]. One year after the disease onset, males with a severe course of the infection had a higher eGFR decline than those with a mild one. The COVID-19 severity did not affect eGFR loss in females. Conclusions: In KTRs suffering from COVID-19, deterioration of graft function was noticed. The eGFR decline was associated with disease severity and sex. It indicates a need for further research, observation, and preventive actions for KTRs, especially males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Malinowska
- Department of Nephrology Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jakub Ruszkowski
- Department of Nephrology Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marta Muchlado
- Department of Nephrology Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Ślizień
- Department of Nephrology Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Heleniak
- Department of Nephrology Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Kanclerz
- Department of Occupational, Metabolic and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Gdansk, 81-519 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Bogdan Biedunkiewicz
- Department of Nephrology Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Leszek Tylicki
- Department of Nephrology Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewa Król
- Department of Nephrology Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Alicja Dębska-Ślizień
- Department of Nephrology Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
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Liu R, Zhang Y, Ma J, Wang H, Lan Y, Tang X. Epidemiological features of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection under new control strategy: a cross-sectional study of the outbreak since December 2022 in Sichuan, China. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2463. [PMID: 38066518 PMCID: PMC10709916 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17361-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major shift in the "dynamic zero-COVID" policy was announced by China's National Health Commission on December 7, 2022, and the subsequent immediate large-scale outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the entire country has caused worldwide concern. This observational cross-sectional study aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics of this outbreak in Sichuan, China. METHODS All data were self-reported online by volunteers. We described the epidemic by characterizing the infection, symptoms, clinical duration, severity, spatiotemporal clustering, and dynamic features of the disease. Prevalence ratio (PR), Odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted ORs were calculated to analyze the associations between risk factors and infection and the associations of risk factors with clinical severity using log-binomial and multivariable logistic regression models; 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and Wald test results were reported. The prevalence rates and clinical severity among different subgroups were compared using the Chi-square and trend Chi-square tests. RESULTS Between January 6 and 12, 2023, 138,073 volunteers were enrolled in this survey, and 102,645 were infected with COVID-19, holding a prevalence rate of 74.34%; the proportion of asymptomatic infections was 1.58%. Log-binomial regression revealed that the risk of infection increased among those living in urban areas. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that female sex, chronic diseases, older age and the fewer doses of vaccine received were associated with an increased risk of severe clinical outcomes after infection. We estimated the mean reproduction number during this pandemic was 1.83. The highest time-dependent reproduction number was 4.15; this number decreased below 1 after 11 days from December 7, 2022. Temporal trends revealed a single peak curve with a plateau pattern of incidence during the outbreak, whereas spatiotemporal clustering analysis showed that the onset in 21 cities in the Sichuan province had four-wave peaks. CONCLUSIONS The peak of the first wave of Omicron infection in Sichuan Province had passed and could be considered a snapshot of China under the new control strategy. There were significant increases in the risk of severe clinical outcomes after infection among females, with chronic diseases, and the elderly. The vaccines have been effective in reducing poor clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runyou Liu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
- Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Periodical Press and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
- West China Hospital, Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jingxuan Ma
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hongjian Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yajia Lan
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China.
| | - Xuefeng Tang
- Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China.
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Ouedraogo AR, Traoré L, Ouattara AK, Ouedraogo AR, Zongo SV, Savadogo M, Lallogo TD, Sombie HK, Sorgho PA, Ouedraogo TWC, Djigma FW, Lamien AS, Yonli AT, Lompo OM, Simporé J. Association of HLA-DRB1*11 and HLA-DRB1*12 gene polymorphism with COVID-19 in Burkina Faso. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:246. [PMID: 37845715 PMCID: PMC10577973 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01684-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical manifestations of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) can vary widely, ranging from asymptomatic to severe, and may be influenced by the host genetic background. The aim of the present study was to determine the frequencies of HLA-DRB1*11 and HLA-DRB1*12 allele polymorphisms and their associations with COVID-19. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 198 subjects were enrolled, including 150 COVID-19 positive cases and 48 subjects who tested negative for COVID-19. Participants were recruited from the emergency, intensive care, and infectious diseases departments of the Bogodogo Centre University Hospital (CHU-B) or the routine laboratory of Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA). Genomic DNA was extracted from nasopharyngeal swabs samples and multiplex PCR-SSP was used to detect the HLA-DRB1*11 and HLA-DRB1*12 alleles. The study was approved by CERS (№ 2021-02-033). RESULTS The positive cases were categorized into 38 asymptomatic (CC+), 60 symptomatic (NC+), and 52 severe cases (SC+). Females were more frequent in the overall study population (53.0%, 105/198) as well as in the negative group's CC- (68.75%, 33/48) and SC+ (57.69%, 30/52 negative groups, whereas males were more frequent in the CC+ (63.16%, 24/38) and NC+ (53.33%, 32/60) groups. The highest mean age was observed in the SC + group. A frequency of 19.19% (38/198) and 14.65% (29/198) was found for the HLA-DRB1*11 and HLA-DRB1*12 alleles, respectively. Individuals carrying the HLA-DRB1*11 allele had an approximately sixfold higher risk of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR = 5.72 [1.683-19.442], p = 0.005) based on the association analysis. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, the present study reports high frequency of HLA-DRB1*11 and HLA-DRB1*12 alleles within a population from Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The results suggest that individuals carrying the HLA-DRB1*11 allele are more susceptible to COVID-19 infection but may not display symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Rakissida Ouedraogo
- Laboratoire de Morphologie et Organogénèse (LAMO), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, UFR/SDS, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Lassina Traoré
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
- Université Norbert ZONGO - Centre Universitaire de Manga, BP 376, Koudougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Abdoul Karim Ouattara
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
- Université Norbert ZONGO - Centre Universitaire de Manga, BP 376, Koudougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Alexis Rakiswende Ouedraogo
- Laboratoire de Morphologie et Organogénèse (LAMO), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, UFR/SDS, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Sidnooma Véronique Zongo
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Mousso Savadogo
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Tatiana Doriane Lallogo
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Herman Karim Sombie
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Pegdwendé Abel Sorgho
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Teega-Wendé Clarisse Ouedraogo
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso.
| | - Assita Sanou Lamien
- Laboratoire de Morphologie et Organogénèse (LAMO), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, UFR/SDS, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Albert Théophane Yonli
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Olga Mélanie Lompo
- Laboratoire de Morphologie et Organogénèse (LAMO), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, UFR/SDS, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Jacques Simporé
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
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Sulakshana S, Chatterjee D, Chakraborty A. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe COVID-19 in Indian Scenario: A Single Center Retrospective Study. Indian J Crit Care Med 2023; 27:381-385. [PMID: 37378373 PMCID: PMC10291672 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Initial reports from Wuhan (China) suggested poor outcomes for severe COVID-19 patients treated with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO). Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) interim 2019 guidelines also recommended using ECMO only when all conventional therapies are exhausted. However, later studies showed that delayed ECMO initiation may lead to longer ECMO runs, offsetting any benefit from resource conservation by delaying the initiation. Hence, this study was intended to analyze the sociodemographic characteristics, type of ECMO, and complications of its outcome in the Indian scenario. Materials and methods Demographic and patient clinical outcome data of all the patients of severe ARDS due to COVID-19 being treated with ECMO from 1st June 2020 to 31st May 2021 at Medica Super-specialty Hospital (Kolkata, India), were retrospectively compiled and analyzed. Results Total number of patients treated was 79 with 10% female representation. The mean age was 43 ± 3.2 years and the mean body mass index 37 ± 4.3. Fifty percent of the patient survived. The mean duration of the ECMO run was 17 ± 5.2 days. Sepsis (65%) was the commonest complication observed followed by acute kidney injury (39%). Conclusion This study provides significant insight into the outcomes of patients of COVID-19 treated by ECMO in the Indian scenario. Mortality rates of COVID-19 patients on ECMO were comparable to the non-COVID-19 patients, although the ECMO run time was relatively longer. Our study concluded that ECMO should be considered as a treatment option in appropriate COVID-19 cases. However, if the capacity diminishes in a pandemic situation, ECMO consideration should be based on more stringent criteria. How to cite this article Sulakshana S, Chatterjee D, Chakraborty A. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe COVID-19 in Indian Scenario: A Single Center Retrospective Study. Indian J Crit Care Med 2023;27(6):381-385.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulakshana Sulakshana
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Heritage Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dipanjan Chatterjee
- Department of Cardiac Anesthesiology and Critical Care and ECMO Services, Medica Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Arpan Chakraborty
- Department of Cardiac Anesthesiology and Critical Care and ECMO Services, Medica Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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8
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Kal M, Płatkowska-Adamska B, Zarębska-Michaluk D, Rzymski P. Reduced Vessel Density and Enlarged Foveal Avascular Zone in the Macula as a Result of Systemic Hypoxia Caused by SARS-CoV-2 Infection. J Pers Med 2023; 13:926. [PMID: 37373915 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13060926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with SARS-CoV-2 can lead to various long-term consequences, including those of an ophthalmic nature. This paper reviews the results of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) performed among COVID-19 patients. The review included papers evaluating short- and long-term outcomes following the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Some differentiated the obtained retinal and choroidal vascularization parameters according to gender. Following COVID-19, patients reveal changes in retinal and choroidal vascular parameters based on OCTA, such as reduced vascular density and an increased foveal avascular zone, which can persist for several months. Routine ophthalmic follow-up with OCTA should be considered in patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection to assess the effects of inflammation and systemic hypoxia in COVID-19. Further research is needed to understand whether infection with particular viral variants/subvariants may vary in the risk of effects on retinal and choroidal vascularization and whether and to what extent these risks may also differ in relation to reinfected and vaccinated individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kal
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
- Ophthalmic Clinic, Voivodeship Hospital, 25-736 Kielce, Poland
| | | | - Dorota Zarębska-Michaluk
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
- Department of Infectious Disease, Provincial Hospital, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
| | - Piotr Rzymski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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9
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Castro-Aldrete L, Moser MV, Putignano G, Ferretti MT, Schumacher Dimech A, Santuccione Chadha A. Sex and gender considerations in Alzheimer’s disease: The Women’s Brain Project contribution. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1105620. [PMID: 37065460 PMCID: PMC10097993 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1105620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The global population is expected to have about 131.5 million people living with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other dementias by 2050, posing a severe health crisis. Dementia is a progressive neurodegenerative condition that gradually impairs physical and cognitive functions. Dementia has a variety of causes, symptoms, and heterogeneity concerning the influence of sex on prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes. The proportion of male-to-female prevalence varies based on the type of dementia. Despite some types of dementia being more common in men, women have a greater lifetime risk of developing dementia. AD is the most common form of dementia in which approximately two-thirds of the affected persons are women. Profound sex and gender differences in physiology and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions have increasingly been identified. As a result, new approaches to dementia diagnosis, care, and patient journeys should be considered. In the heart of a rapidly aging worldwide population, the Women’s Brain Project (WBP) was born from the necessity to address the sex and gender gap in AD. WBP is now a well-established international non-profit organization with a global multidisciplinary team of experts studying sex and gender determinants in the brain and mental health. WBP works with different stakeholders worldwide to help change perceptions and reduce sex biases in clinical and preclinical research and policy frameworks. With its strong female leadership, WBP is an example of the importance of female professionals’ work in the field of dementia research. WBP-led peer-reviewed papers, articles, books, lectures, and various initiatives in the policy and advocacy space have profoundly impacted the community and driven global discussion. WBP is now in the initial phases of establishing the world’s first Sex and Gender Precision Medicine Institute. This review highlights the contributions of the WBP team to the field of AD. This review aims to increase awareness of potentially important aspects of basic science, clinical outcomes, digital health, policy framework and provide the research community with potential challenges and research suggestions to leverage sex and gender differences. Finally, at the end of the review, we briefly touch upon our progress and contribution toward sex and gender inclusion beyond Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Castro-Aldrete
- Women’s Brain Project, Guntershausen bei Aadorf, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Laura Castro-Aldrete,
| | | | - Guido Putignano
- Women’s Brain Project, Guntershausen bei Aadorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Annemarie Schumacher Dimech
- Women’s Brain Project, Guntershausen bei Aadorf, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
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Corrêa BSG, de Barros S, Vaz JB, Peres MA, Uchiyama MK, da Silva AA, Furukawa LNS. COVID-19: Understanding the impact of anti-hypertensive drugs and hydroxychloroquine on the ACE1 and ACE2 in lung and adipose tissue in SHR and WKY rats. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15598. [PMID: 36750199 PMCID: PMC9904959 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive individuals taking anti-hypertensive drugs from renin-angiotensin system inhibitors may exhibit a more severe evolution of the disease when contracting the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19 disease) due to potential increases in ACE2 expression. The study investigated ACE1 and ACE2 axes and hydroxychloroquine in the lungs and adipose tissue of male and female normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). SHRs were treated with losartan (10 mg/kg/day) or captopril (10 mg/kg/day) for 14 days or 7 days with hydroxychloroquine (200 mg/kg/day) in drinking water. WKY rats were also treated for 7 days with hydroxychloroquine. Blood pressure (BP), protein, and mRNA expression of ACE1 and ACE2 were analyzed in serum, adipose, and lung tissues. Losartan and captopril reduced BP in both sexes in SHR, whereas hydroxychloroquine increased BP in WKY rats. Losartan reduced ACE2 in serum and lungs in both sexes and in adipose tissue of male SHRs. Captopril decreased ACE2 protein in the lung of females and in adipose tissue in both sexes of SHRs. Hydroxychloroquine decreased ACE1 and ACE2 proteins in the lungs in both sexes and adipose tissue in male SHRs. In female WKY rats, ACE2 protein was lower only in the lungs and adipose tissue. Losartan effectively inhibited ACE2 in male and captopril in female SHRs. Hydroxychloroquine inhibited ACE2 in male SHRs and female WKY rats. These results further our understanding of the ACE2 mechanism in patients under renin-angiotensin anti-hypertensive therapy and in many trials using hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 treatment and potential sex differences in response to drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Santos Geoffroy Corrêa
- Laboratory of Renal Pathophysiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of MedicineUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Silvana de Barros
- Hypertension Unit, Renal Division, General Hospital of School of MedicineUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Julia Braga Vaz
- Laboratory of Renal Pathophysiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of MedicineUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Maria Angelica Peres
- Laboratory of Renal Pathophysiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of MedicineUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Mayara Klimuk Uchiyama
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Chemistry & Nanotechnology, Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of ChemistryUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Alexandre Alves da Silva
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Mississippi Medical Center JacksonJacksonMississippiUSA
| | - Luzia Naoko Shinohara Furukawa
- Laboratory of Renal Pathophysiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of MedicineUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
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Leni R, Belladelli F, Baldini S, Scroppo FI, Zaffuto E, Antonini G, Montorsi F, Salonia A, Carcano G, Capogrosso P, Dehò F. The Complex Interplay between Serum Testosterone and the Clinical Course of Coronavirus Disease 19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Preclinical Evidence. World J Mens Health 2023:41.e15. [PMID: 36649920 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.220143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, efforts in defining risk factors and associations between the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), clinical, and molecular features have initiated. After three years of pandemic, it became evident that men have higher risk of adverse outcomes. Such evidence provided the impetus for defining the biological fundaments of such a gender disparity. Our objective was to analyze the most recent literature with the aim of defining the relationship between COVID-19 and fertility, in particular, we assessed the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and testosterone in a systematic review of literature from December 2019 (first evidence of a novel coronavirus in the Hubei province) until March 2022. As a fundamental basis for understanding, articles pertaining preclinical aspects explaining the gender disparity (n=9) were included. The main review categories analyzed the risk of being infected with SARS-CoV-2 according to testosterone levels (n=5), the impact of serum testosterone on outcomes of COVID-19 (n=23), and the impact SARS-CoV-2 on testosterone levels after infection (n=19). Preclinical studies mainly evaluated the relation between angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and its androgen-mediated regulation, articles exploring the risk of COVID-19 according to testosterone levels were few. Although most publications evaluating the effect of COVID-19 on fertility found low testosterone levels after the infection, follow-up was short, with some also suggesting no alterations during recovery. More conclusive findings were observed in men with low testosterone levels, that were generally at higher risk of experiencing worse outcomes (i.e., admission to intensive care units, longer hospitalization, and death). Interestingly, an inverse relationship was observed in women, where higher levels of testosterone were associated to worse outcomes. Our finding may provide meaningful insights to better patient counselling and individualization of care pathways in men with testosterone levels suggesting hypogonadism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Leni
- Department of Urology and Division of Experimental Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Belladelli
- Department of Urology and Division of Experimental Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Emanuele Zaffuto
- University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.,Department of Urology, Circolo & Fondazione Macchi Hospital - ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Gabriele Antonini
- Department of Urology, Sapienza University, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Montorsi
- Department of Urology and Division of Experimental Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Salonia
- Department of Urology and Division of Experimental Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Carcano
- University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.,Department of Surgery, Circolo & Fondazione Macchi Hospital - ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Paolo Capogrosso
- University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.,Department of Urology, Circolo & Fondazione Macchi Hospital - ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy.
| | - Federico Dehò
- University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.,Department of Urology, Circolo & Fondazione Macchi Hospital - ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
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Chung T, Sartor C, Hipwell AE, Grosso A, Jiang Y. Person-centered patterns of substance use during the COVID-19 pandemic and their associations with COVID-related impacts on health and personal finances in young Black and White women. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 240:109620. [PMID: 36126609 PMCID: PMC9444575 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population-level statistics on pandemic-related change in substance use can obscure patterns of use (e.g., polysubstance use) within individuals. This longitudinal study used a person-centered approach to identify subgroups with respect to patterns of substance use prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to examine profile correlates (e.g., socio-demographic characteristics), which can inform tailored intervention. METHODS The two youngest age cohorts of the Pittsburgh Girls Study (n = 938; 59.1 % Black, 40.9 % White; mean age= 26.2 (SD= 0.8)), a longitudinal community sample, provided data on past year frequency of cigarette/e-cigarette use, binge drinking (>4 drinks per occasion), and cannabis use prior to and during the pandemic, and perceived change in use. Latent profile analysis identified subgroups. Profile correlates were examined (e.g., sociodemographics, COVID-19 infection status and reported exposure, COVID-19 impacts on psychological health and finances). RESULTS Seven profiles were identified: "Low use", "Occasional binge drinking", "Cannabis use", "Cigarette/e-cigarette & binge drinking", "Occasional binge drinking & cannabis", "Binge drinking & cannabis", and "Polysubstance use". Black women were overrepresented in "Low use", which was associated with fewer pandemic effects on health. Profiles associated with more frequent binge drinking were more likely to report COVID-19 infection, whereas "Cannabis use" had lower reported infection prevalence. "Polysubstance use" had more COVID-related depression and income loss, on average, than "Low use". CONCLUSIONS Distinct subgroups representing single substance use, co-use, and polysubstance use prior to and during the pandemic were identified. The profiles show differential response to COVID-19 impacts, ranging from relative hardiness to specific needs to guide personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Chung
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 112 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
| | - Carolyn Sartor
- Yale University, 389 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Alison E Hipwell
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 201 N. Craig Street, Floor 4, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Ashley Grosso
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 112 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Yanping Jiang
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 112 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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