1
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Bloodworth N, Chen W, Hunter K, Patrick D, Palubinsky A, Phillips E, Roeth D, Kalkum M, Mallal S, Davies S, Ao M, Moretti R, Meiler J, Harrison DG. Posttranslationally modified self-peptides promote hypertension in mouse models. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e174374. [PMID: 39145457 PMCID: PMC11324298 DOI: 10.1172/jci174374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications can enhance immunogenicity of self-proteins. In several conditions, including hypertension, systemic lupus erythematosus, and heart failure, isolevuglandins (IsoLGs) are formed by lipid peroxidation and covalently bond with protein lysine residues. Here, we show that the murine class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) variant H-2Db uniquely presents isoLG-modified peptides and developed a computational pipeline that identifies structural features for MHC-I accommodation of such peptides. We identified isoLG-adducted peptides from renal proteins, including sodium glucose transporter 2, cadherin 16, Kelch domain-containing protein 7A, and solute carrier family 23, that are recognized by CD8+ T cells in tissues of hypertensive mice, induce T cell proliferation in vitro, and prime hypertension after adoptive transfer. Finally, we find patterns of isoLG-adducted antigen restriction in class I human leukocyte antigens that are similar to those in murine analogs. Thus, we have used a combined computational and experimental approach to define likely antigenic peptides in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine
| | - Kuniko Hunter
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine
| | - David Patrick
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine
| | | | - Elizabeth Phillips
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
- Center for Drug Safety and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Daniel Roeth
- Department of Immunology and Theranostics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Markus Kalkum
- Department of Immunology and Theranostics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Simon Mallal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
| | - Sean Davies
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine
| | - Mingfang Ao
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine
| | | | - Jens Meiler
- Center for Structural Biology, and
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Universität Leipzig Medical School, Leipzig, Germany
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2
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Wu J, Li Z, Liu X, Feng D, Liang R, Su X, Li D, Hua H, Cao H. Carnosic Acid: A Novel Selective Inhibitor of ERAP1 by Direct Binding and Its Modulation of Antigen Processing and Presentation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:17343-17355. [PMID: 39024058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
ERAP1 is an emerging target for a large subclass of severe autoimmune diseases known as "MHC-I-opathy", together with tumor immunity. Nevertheless, effective inhibitors targeting ERAP1 remain a challenge. In this study, a novel food-derived natural product ERAP1-targeting inhibitor, carnosic acid, was identified, and to our knowledge, it is one of the best active compounds among the highly selective inhibitors targeting the orthosteric site of ERAP1. The results reveal that carnosic acid could bind strongly, like a key to the ERAP1 active site in the biased S1' pocket, which is different from the binding mode of the existing orthosteric site inhibitors. HLA-B27-mediated cell modeling validated that carnosic acid has the activity to reverse the AS-associated cellular phenotype brought on by ERAP1 through inhibition. Our findings provide insights into the design of potent inhibitors against the ERAP1 orthosteric site and the discovery of a key direct target of carnosic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wu
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics and Key Laboratory of Microbial Pharmaceutics, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Li
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofan Liu
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics and Key Laboratory of Microbial Pharmaceutics, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Dongyan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Ruichao Liang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics and Key Laboratory of Microbial Pharmaceutics, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Xin Su
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics and Key Laboratory of Microbial Pharmaceutics, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Dahong Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Huiming Hua
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Hao Cao
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics and Key Laboratory of Microbial Pharmaceutics, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
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3
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Saad MA, Abdul-Sattar AB, Abdelal IT, Baraka A. Shedding Light on the Role of ERAP1 in Axial Spondyloarthritis. Cureus 2023; 15:e48806. [PMID: 38024089 PMCID: PMC10645460 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease affecting the axial skeleton (axSpA) and/or peripheral joints (p-SpA) and entheses. The disease's pathogenesis depends on genetic, immunological, mechanical, and environmental factors. Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) is a multifunctional enzyme that shapes the peptide repertoire presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified different single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ERAP1 that are associated with several autoimmune diseases, including axSpA. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the ERAP1 role in axSpA could make it a potential therapeutic target for this disease and offer greater insight into its impact on the immune system. Here, we review the biological functions and structure of ERAP1, discuss ERAP1 polymorphisms and their association with axSpA, highlight the interaction between ERAP1 and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27, and review the association between ERAP1 SNPs and axSpA clinical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Saad
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR) Hospital, Kuwait, KWT
| | - Amal B Abdul-Sattar
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EGY
| | - Ibrahim T Abdelal
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EGY
| | - Ahmed Baraka
- Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EGY
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4
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Tavasolian F, Pastrello C, Ahmed Z, Jurisica I, Inman RD. Vesicular traffic-mediated cell-to-cell signaling at the immune synapse in Ankylosing Spondylitis. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1102405. [PMID: 36741392 PMCID: PMC9889860 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1102405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The chronic inflammatory disease ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is marked by back discomfort, spinal ankylosis, and extra-articular symptoms. In AS, inflammation is responsible for both pain and spinal ankylosis. However, the processes that sustain chronic inflammation remain unknown. Despite the years of research conducted to decipher the intricacy of AS, little progress has been made in identifying the signaling events that lead to the development of this disease. T cells, an immune cell type that initiates and regulates the body's response to infection, have been established to substantially impact the development of AS. T lymphocytes are regarded as a crucial part of adaptive immunity for the control of the immune system. A highly coordinated interaction involving antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and T cells that regulate T cell activation constitutes an immunological synapse (IS). This first phase leads to the controlled trafficking of receptors and signaling mediators involved in folding endosomes to the cellular interface, which allows the transfer of information from T cells to APCs through IS formation. Discrimination of self and nonself antigen is somatically learned in adaptive immunity. In an autoimmune condition such as AS, there is a disturbance of self/nonself antigen discrimination; available findings imply that the IS plays a preeminent role in the adaptive immune response. In this paper, we provide insights into the genesis of AS by evaluating recent developments in the function of vesicular trafficking in IS formation and the targeted release of exosomes enriched microRNAs (miRNA) at the synaptic region in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fataneh Tavasolian
- Spondylitis Program, Division of Rheumatology, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chiara Pastrello
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, and Data Science Discovery Centre for Chronic Diseases, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zuhaib Ahmed
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, and Data Science Discovery Centre for Chronic Diseases, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Igor Jurisica
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, and Data Science Discovery Centre for Chronic Diseases, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada,Departments of Medical Biophysics and Computer Science, and the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Robert D. Inman
- Spondylitis Program, Division of Rheumatology, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada,Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada,Departments of Medicine and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,*Correspondence: Robert D. Inman,
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5
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Maben Z, Arya R, Georgiadis D, Stratikos E, Stern LJ. Conformational dynamics linked to domain closure and substrate binding explain the ERAP1 allosteric regulation mechanism. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5302. [PMID: 34489420 PMCID: PMC8421391 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25564-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic-reticulum aminopeptidase ERAP1 processes antigenic peptides for loading on MHC-I proteins and recognition by CD8 T cells as they survey the body for infection and malignancy. Crystal structures have revealed ERAP1 in either open or closed conformations, but whether these occur in solution and are involved in catalysis is not clear. Here, we assess ERAP1 conformational states in solution in the presence of substrates, allosteric activators, and inhibitors by small-angle X-ray scattering. We also characterize changes in protein conformation by X-ray crystallography, and we localize alternate C-terminal binding sites by chemical crosslinking. Structural and enzymatic data suggest that the structural reconfigurations of ERAP1 active site are physically linked to domain closure and are promoted by binding of long peptide substrates. These results clarify steps required for ERAP1 catalysis, demonstrate the importance of conformational dynamics within the catalytic cycle, and provide a mechanism for the observed allosteric regulation and Lys/Arg528 polymorphism disease association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Maben
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Richa Arya
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Dimitris Georgiadis
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstratios Stratikos
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Lawrence J Stern
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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Mandour M, Chen S, van de Sande MGH. The Role of the IL-23/IL-17 Axis in Disease Initiation in Spondyloarthritis: Lessons Learned From Animal Models. Front Immunol 2021; 12:618581. [PMID: 34267743 PMCID: PMC8276000 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.618581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a spectrum of chronic inflammatory joint diseases that frequently presents with inflammation of the axial skeleton, peripheral joints, entheses, skin, and gut. Understanding SpA pathogenesis has been proven challenging due to the limited availability of human target tissues. In recent years, the interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of SpA, in addition to the Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) cytokine. The underlying molecular mechanisms by which the IL-23/IL-17 pathway triggers disease initiation, both in the joints as well as at extra-musculoskeletal sites, are not precisely known. Animal models that resemble pathological features of human SpA have provided possibilities for in-depth molecular analyses of target tissues during various phases of the disease, including the pre-clinical initiation phase of the disease before arthritis and spondylitis are clinically present. Herein, we summarize recent insights gained in SpA animal models on the role of the IL-23/IL-17 pathway in immune activation across affected sites in SpA, which include the joint, entheses, gut and skin. We discuss how local activation of the IL-23/IL-17 axis may contribute to the development of tissue inflammation and the onset of clinically manifest SpA. The overall aim is to provide the reader with an overview of how the IL-23/IL-17 axis could contribute to the onset of SpA pathogenesis. We discuss how insights from animal studies into the initiation phase of disease could instruct validation studies in at-risk individuals and thereby provide a perspective for potential future preventive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mandour
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center (ARC), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sijia Chen
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center (ARC), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Marleen G. H. van de Sande
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center (ARC), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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7
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N P, Shanmugam SG, Devi SS, Chinambedu Dandapani MP, S R, D'Cruze L. Detection of Human Leukocyte Antigen B27 by Flowcytometry in Patients With Suspected Ankylosing Spondylitis in a Tertiary Care Centre. Cureus 2021; 13:e13560. [PMID: 33791178 PMCID: PMC8004549 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.13560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Hence, HLA-B27 testing is routinely used in the diagnosis of AS. Objectives We aimed to establish the frequency of HLA-B27 in AS patients by flow cytometry and relate the differences between B27+ and B27- cases to the serum concentrations of rheumatoid arthritis factor (RA), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Methods The study population included a total of 210 patients who visited the tertiary health care center. The peripheral blood samples obtained from AS patients were subjected to a qualitative two-color direct immunofluorescence method using the HLA-B27/CD3 antibody for the rapid detection of HLA-B27 antigen expression in erythrocyte-lysed whole blood in FACSCalibur flow cytometer (Becton Dickinson, USA). Results Out of 210 AS patients, the distribution of HLA-B27 positivity was observed only in 46 (22%) patients. The remaining 164 patients (78.1%) were negative for HLA-B27. Of the 46 HLA positive patients, 39 (25.34%) were males and only seven (12.5%) were females. In both sexes, HLA-B27 frequency was significantly higher in the age group 21-30 years, followed by 41-50 years. The current study also revealed a significant association between sex and age of onset of HLA‑B27 detection in patients with suspected AS. Disease activity was not significantly correlated with RA, ESR, and CRP. Conclusions The detection of HLA-B27 by flow cytometry proved to be a reliable test in the screening of AS in the Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyathersini N
- Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND
| | | | - S Sri Devi
- Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND
| | | | - Rajendiran S
- Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND
| | - Lawrence D'Cruze
- Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND
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Wei JCC, Chou MC, Huang JY, Chang R, Hung YM. The association between Candida infection and ankylosing spondylitis: a population-based matched cohort study. Curr Med Res Opin 2020; 36:2063-2069. [PMID: 33066709 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2020.1838460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To explore whether newly diagnosed Candida infection increases the risk of developing ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS AND MATERIALS We investigated 61,550 patients with newly diagnosed Candida infection between 1997 and 2013 from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Datasets to conduct a population-based matched-cohort study. Controls were 61,550 subjects without Candida infection and propensity score matched with the Candida exposure cohort. The follow-up period was defined as month from the initial diagnosis of Candida infection (or nested index date for controls) to the date of AS, or 31 December 2013. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the occurrence of AS. RESULTS The incidence rates of AS in the Candida group and comparison group were respectively 4.58 and 3.88 per 100,000 person-months. The adjusted HR (95% CI) of AS for the Candida group was 1.19 (0.99-1.44) compared to the control group after adjustment for age, gender and all covariates (95% CI = 1.77-2.27). However, an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 1.77-fold (95% CI = 1.26-2.53) significant increase in the risk of developing AS was observed after 6 years of follow-up, when exposure to Candida was at baseline. The effect of Candida infection was significantly time varying (p value for interaction between follow-up period and Candida infection is .018). CONCLUSIONS A risk of AS was found after Candida infection, and a year of follow-up acts as an effect modifier between the Candida infection and risk of AS. Key messages What is already known on this subject? Links between spondyloarthritis and fungal infections have been found in animal studies before. What does this study add? Our study demonstrated that Candida infection is an independent risk factor for developing ankylosing spondylitis in terms of gender, age and relevant variables and comorbidities. A risk of ankylosing spondylitis was found after Candida infection, and year of follow-up acts as an effect modifier between the Candida infection and risk of AS. Clinicians should be aware of possible Candida infection in managing patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Implications: Clinicians must pay greater attention to patients with newly diagnosed Candida infection. Specifically, they should conduct tests for ankylosing spondylitis. Further research is needed to examine if and how treatment of Candida infection alleviates symptoms of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Cheng-Chung Wei
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chia Chou
- Department of Recreation Sports Management, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Pingtung Branch, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yang Huang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Renin Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Min Hung
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal United Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan
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9
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Sharip A, Kunz J. Understanding the Pathogenesis of Spondyloarthritis. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101461. [PMID: 33092023 PMCID: PMC7588965 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spondyloarthritis comprises a group of inflammatory diseases of the joints and spine, with various clinical manifestations. The group includes ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease, and undifferentiated spondyloarthritis. The exact etiology and pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis are still unknown, but five hypotheses explaining the pathogenesis exist. These hypotheses suggest that spondyloarthritis is caused by arthritogenic peptides, an unfolded protein response, HLA-B*27 homodimer formation, malfunctioning endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases, and, last but not least, gut inflammation and dysbiosis. Here we discuss the five hypotheses and the evidence supporting each. In all of these hypotheses, HLA-B*27 plays a central role. It is likely that a combination of these hypotheses, with HLA-B*27 taking center stage, will eventually explain the development of spondyloarthritis in predisposed individuals.
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MESH Headings
- Arthritis, Psoriatic/genetics
- Arthritis, Psoriatic/immunology
- Arthritis, Psoriatic/metabolism
- Arthritis, Psoriatic/pathology
- Arthritis, Reactive/genetics
- Arthritis, Reactive/immunology
- Arthritis, Reactive/metabolism
- Arthritis, Reactive/pathology
- HLA-B27 Antigen/genetics
- HLA-B27 Antigen/immunology
- Humans
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/immunology
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Inflammation/pathology
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/genetics
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/immunology
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/metabolism
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/pathology
- Joints/immunology
- Joints/pathology
- Spine/immunology
- Spine/pathology
- Spondylarthritis/genetics
- Spondylarthritis/immunology
- Spondylarthritis/metabolism
- Spondylarthritis/pathology
- Spondylitis, Ankylosing/genetics
- Spondylitis, Ankylosing/immunology
- Spondylitis, Ankylosing/metabolism
- Spondylitis, Ankylosing/pathology
- Unfolded Protein Response/genetics
- Unfolded Protein Response/immunology
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10
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Lu YP, Zhang XL, Zheng F, Yun C, Zhu C, Cai W, Liu D, Hong X, Li Q, Hu B, Tang D, Yin LH, Dai Y. Quantitative Proteomic Analyses To Reveal the Key Features of Proteins in New Onset Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:20153-20161. [PMID: 32832769 PMCID: PMC7439379 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic immune-mediated disease. Various immune cells play an essential role in the AS pathogenesis. However, the specific pathogenesis of AS has not been well understood. Proteomic profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were applied to reveal the specific pathogenesis of AS. Quantitative proteomic analyses were performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based methods to investigate the protein profiling of PBMCs from new-onset AS patients (n = 9) and healthy controls (n = 9). We identified 782 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and 527 differentially phosphorylated proteins (DPPs) between AS patients and healthy controls. The subcellular location of DEPs and DPPs showed that most of the DEPs were from the cytoplasm (n = 296, 38%), were extracellular (n = 141, 18%), and from the nucleus (n = 114, 15%); most of the DPPs were from the cytoplasm (n = 37, 34%), nucleus (n = 35, 32%), and plasma membrane (n = 10, 9%). We further identified 89 proteins with both expression and phosphorylation differences. The functional annotation of the 89 differentially expressed and phosphorylated proteins enriched in the antigen processing and presentation pathway. Four DEPs with six phosphorylated positions were found in the antigen processing and presentation pathway. The differentially expressed and phosphorylated proteins may be helpful to uncover the pathogenesis of AS. The six AS-specific proteins may serve as candidate markers for AS diagnosis and new treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ping Lu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou CN 510632, China
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology),
University Medical Centre Mannheim, University
of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg DE 68135, Germany
| | - Xiao-Li Zhang
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology),
University Medical Centre Mannheim, University
of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg DE 68135, Germany
| | - Fengping Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern
University of Science and Technology, the Second Clinical Medical
College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People’s
Hospital, Shenzhen CN 518020, China
| | - Chen Yun
- Department of Nephrology, Charité−Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin DE 10117, Germany
| | - Chengxin Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern
University of Science and Technology, the Second Clinical Medical
College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People’s
Hospital, Shenzhen CN 518020, China
| | - Wanxia Cai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern
University of Science and Technology, the Second Clinical Medical
College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People’s
Hospital, Shenzhen CN 518020, China
| | - Dongzhou Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern
University of Science and Technology, the Second Clinical Medical
College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People’s
Hospital, Shenzhen CN 518020, China
| | - Xiaoping Hong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern
University of Science and Technology, the Second Clinical Medical
College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People’s
Hospital, Shenzhen CN 518020, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Nephrology, Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan CN 523000, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou CN 510632, China
| | - Donge Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern
University of Science and Technology, the Second Clinical Medical
College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People’s
Hospital, Shenzhen CN 518020, China
- . Phone: +86 0755-22942106
| | - Liang-Hong Yin
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou CN 510632, China
| | - Yong Dai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern
University of Science and Technology, the Second Clinical Medical
College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People’s
Hospital, Shenzhen CN 518020, China
- . Phone: +86 0755-22942780
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Zhu W, He X, Cheng K, Zhang L, Chen D, Wang X, Qiu G, Cao X, Weng X. Ankylosing spondylitis: etiology, pathogenesis, and treatments. Bone Res 2019; 7:22. [PMID: 31666997 PMCID: PMC6804882 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-019-0057-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a common type of spondyloarthropathy, is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that mainly affects spine joints, causing severe, chronic pain; additionally, in more advanced cases, it can cause spine fusion. Significant progress in its pathophysiology and treatment has been achieved in the last decade. Immune cells and innate cytokines have been suggested to be crucial in the pathogenesis of AS, especially human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‑B27 and the interleukin‑23/17 axis. However, the pathogenesis of AS remains unclear. The current study reviewed the etiology and pathogenesis of AS, including genome-wide association studies and cytokine pathways. This study also summarized the current pharmaceutical and surgical treatment with a discussion of future potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- 1Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100730 Beijing, China
| | - Xuxia He
- 2Department of Clinical Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100730 Beijing, China
| | - Kaiyuan Cheng
- 1Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100730 Beijing, China
| | - Linjie Zhang
- 1Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100730 Beijing, China
| | - Di Chen
- 3Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Xiao Wang
- 4Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Guixing Qiu
- 1Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100730 Beijing, China
| | - Xu Cao
- 4Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Xisheng Weng
- 1Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100730 Beijing, China
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Chen B, Li J, He C, Li D, Tong W, Zou Y, Xu W. Role of HLA-B27 in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (Review). Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:1943-1951. [PMID: 28259985 PMCID: PMC5364987 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has made significant progress over the last decade. Genome-wide association studies have identified and further substantiated the role of susceptibility genes outside the major histocompatibility complex locus. However, human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 has been suggested to be important in the pathogenesis of AS, contributing to ~20.1% of AS heritability. The current review will present the classical and non-classical forms of HLA-B27, as well as their pathogenic roles, and further discuss the hypotheses regarding the potential pathogenesis of AS. In addition, the association between the pathogenic role of HLA-B27 and inflammatory indexes, including the interleukin-23/−17 axis will be investigated to provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of AS. The aim of the present review is to provide an update of the current research into the pathogenesis of AS, and provide a comprehensive description of the pathogenic role of HLA-B27 in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chen
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Chongru He
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Dahe Li
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Wenwen Tong
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Yuming Zou
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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Momenzadeh P, Mahmoudi M, Beigy M, Garshasbi M, Vodjdanian M, Farazmand A, Jamshidi AR. Determination of IL1 R2, ANTXR2, CARD9, and SNAPC4 single nucleotide polymorphisms in Iranian patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatol Int 2015; 36:429-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-015-3391-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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