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Liu J, Vernikovskaya D, Bora G, Carlo A, Burchett W, Jordan S, Tang LWT, Yang J, Che Y, Chang G, Troutman MD, Di L. Novel Multiplexed High Throughput Screening of Selective Inhibitors for Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes Using Human Hepatocytes. AAPS J 2024; 26:36. [PMID: 38546903 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-024-00908-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Selective chemical inhibitors are critical for reaction phenotyping to identify drug-metabolizing enzymes that are involved in the elimination of drug candidates. Although relatively selective inhibitors are available for the major cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP), they are quite limited for the less common CYPs and non-CYPs. To address this gap, we developed a multiplexed high throughput screening (HTS) assay using 20 substrate reactions of multiple enzymes to simultaneously monitor the inhibition of enzymes in a 384-well format. Four 384-well assay plates can be run at the same time to maximize throughput. This is the first multiplexed HTS assay for drug-metabolizing enzymes reported. The HTS assay is technologically enabled with state-of-the-art robotic systems and highly sensitive modern LC-MS/MS instrumentation. Virtual screening is utilized to identify inhibitors for HTS based on known inhibitors and enzyme structures. Screening of ~4600 compounds generated many hits for many drug-metabolizing enzymes including the two time-dependent and selective aldehyde oxidase inhibitors, erlotinib and dibenzothiophene. The hit rate is much higher than that for the traditional HTS for biological targets due to the promiscuous nature of the drug-metabolizing enzymes and the biased compound selection process. Future efforts will focus on using this method to identify selective inhibitors for enzymes that do not currently have quality hits and thoroughly characterizing the newly identified selective inhibitors from our screen. We encourage colleagues from other organizations to explore their proprietary libraries using a similar approach to identify better inhibitors that can be used across the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Liu
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Daria Vernikovskaya
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Gary Bora
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Anthony Carlo
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Woodrow Burchett
- Global Biometrics and Data Management, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Samantha Jordan
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lloyd Wei Tat Tang
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Joy Yang
- Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ye Che
- Discovery Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - George Chang
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Matthew D Troutman
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Li Di
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA.
- Recursion Pharmaceuticals, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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Thanh ND, Giang NTK, Hai DS, Toan VN, Van HTK, Tri NM. Sulfonyl thiourea derivatives from 2-aminodiarylpyrimidines: In vitro and in silico evaluation as potential carbonic anhydrase I, II, IX, and XII inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14494. [PMID: 38490810 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
A series of synthesized sulfonyl thiourea derivatives (7a-o) of substituted 2-amino-4,6-diarylpyrimidines (4a-o) exhibited the remarkable inhibitory activity against some the human carbonic anhydrases (hCAs), including hCA I, II, IX, and XII isoforms. The inhibitory efficacy of synthesized sulfonyl thiourea derivatives were experimentally validated by in vitro enzymatic assays. 7a (KI = 46.14 nM), 7j (KI = 48.92 nM), and 7m (KI = 62.59 nM) (for isoform hCA I); 7f (KI = 42.72 nM), 7i (KI = 40.98 nM), and 7j (KI = 33.40 nM) (for isoform hCA II); 7j (KI = 228.5 nM), 7m (KI = 195.4 nM), and 7n (KI = 210.1 nM) (for isoform hCA IX); 7l (KI = 116.9 nM), 7m (KI = 118.8 nM), and 7n (KI = 147.2 nM) (for isoform hCA XII) in comparison with KI values of 452.1, 327.3, 437.2, and 338.9 nM, respectively, of the standard drug AAZ. These compounds also had significantly more potent inhibitory action against cytosolic isoform hCA I and tumor-associated isoforms hCA IX and hCA XII. Furthermore, the potential inhibitory compounds were subjected to in silico screening for molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. The results of in vitro and in silico studies revealed that compounds 7a, 7j, and 7m were the most promising derivatives in this series due to their significant effects on studied hCA I, II, IX, and XII isoforms, respectively. The results showed that the sulfonyl thiourea moiety was accommodated deeply in the active site and interacted with the zinc ion in the receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Dinh Thanh
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science (Vietnam Nation University), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Kim Giang
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science (Vietnam Nation University), Hanoi, Vietnam
- Institute of Science and Technology, Ministry of Public Security of Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Do Son Hai
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science (Vietnam Nation University), Hanoi, Vietnam
- Institute of Science and Technology, Ministry of Public Security of Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Vu Ngoc Toan
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science (Vietnam Nation University), Hanoi, Vietnam
- Institute of New Technology, Academy of Military Science and Technology, Ministry of National Defence, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Thi Kim Van
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science (Vietnam Nation University), Hanoi, Vietnam
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Viet Tri University of Industry, Phu Tho, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Minh Tri
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science (Vietnam Nation University), Hanoi, Vietnam
- Institute of New Technology, Academy of Military Science and Technology, Ministry of National Defence, Hanoi, Vietnam
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3
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Chen J, Tang LWT, Jordan S, Harrison M, Gualtieri GM, DaSilva E, Morris D, Bora G, Che Y, Di L. Characterization of CYP3A5 Selective Inhibitors for Reaction Phenotyping of Drug Candidates. AAPS J 2024; 26:26. [PMID: 38366061 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-024-00894-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
CYP3A is one of the most important classes of enzymes and is involved in the metabolism of over 70% drugs. While several selective CYP3A4 inhibitors have been identified, the search for a selective CYP3A5 inhibitor has turned out to be rather challenging. Recently, several selective CYP3A5 inhibitors have been identified through high-throughput screening of ~ 11,000 compounds and hit expansion using human recombinant enzymes. We set forth to characterize the three most selective CYP3A5 inhibitors in a more physiologically relevant system of human liver microsomes to understand if these inhibitors can be used for reaction phenotyping studies in drug discovery settings. Gomisin A and T-5 were used as selective substrate reactions for CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 to determine IC50 values of the two enzymes. The results showed that clobetasol propionate and loteprednol etabonate were potent and selective CYP3A5 reversible inhibitors with selectivity of 24-fold against CYP3A4 and 39-fold or more against the other major CYPs. The selectivity of difluprednate in HLM is much weaker than that in the recombinant enzymes due to hydrolysis of the acetate group in HLM. Based on the selectivity data, loteprednol etabonate can be utilized as an orthogonal approach, when experimental fraction metabolized of CYP3A5 is greater than 0.5, to understand CYP3A5 contribution to drug metabolism and its clinical significance. Future endeavors to identify even more selective CYP3A5 inhibitors are warranted to enable accurate determination of CYP3A5 contribution to metabolism versus CYP3A4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lloyd Wei Tat Tang
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Samantha Jordan
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Makayla Harrison
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Gabrielle M Gualtieri
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Ethan DaSilva
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Danial Morris
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Gary Bora
- Discovery Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Ye Che
- Discovery Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Li Di
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT, USA.
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4
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Nurani A, Yamashita Y, Taki Y, Takada Y, Itoh Y, Suzuki T. Identification of a Histone Deacetylase 8 Inhibitor through Drug Screenings Based on Machine Learning. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2024; 72:173-178. [PMID: 38296560 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c23-00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) is a zinc-dependent HDAC that catalyzes the deacetylation of nonhistone proteins. It is involved in cancer development and HDAC8 inhibitors are promising candidates as anticancer agents. However, most reported HDAC8 inhibitors contain a hydroxamic acid moiety, which often causes mutagenicity. Therefore, we used machine learning for drug screening and attempted to identify non-hydroxamic acids as HDAC8 inhibitors. In this study, we established a prediction model based on the random forest (RF) algorithm for screening HDAC8 inhibitors because it exhibited the best predictive accuracy in the training dataset, including data generated by the synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE). Using the trained RF-SMOTE model, we screened the Osaka University library for compounds and selected 50 virtual hits. However, the 50 hits in the first screening did not show HDAC8-inhibitory activity. In the second screening, using the RF-SMOTE model, which was established by retraining the dataset including 50 inactive compounds, we identified non-hydroxamic acid 12 as an HDAC8 inhibitor with an IC50 of 842 nM. Interestingly, its IC50 values for HDAC1 and HDAC3-inhibitory activity were 38 and 12 µM, respectively, showing that compound 12 has high HDAC8 selectivity. Using machine learning, we expanded the chemical space for HDAC8 inhibitors and identified non-hydroxamic acid 12 as a novel HDAC8 selective inhibitor.
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5
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Guo F, An J, Wang M, Zhang W, Chen C, Mao X, Liu S, Wang P, Ren F. Inhibitory Mechanism of Quercimeritrin as a Novel α-Glucosidase Selective Inhibitor. Foods 2023; 12:3415. [PMID: 37761124 PMCID: PMC10528180 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, 12 flavonoid glycosides were selected based on virtual screening and the literature, and Quercimeritrin was selected as the best selective inhibitor of α-glucosidase through in vitro enzyme activity inhibition experiments. Its IC50 value for α-glucosidase was 79.88 µM, and its IC50 value for α-amylase >250 µM. As such, it could be used as a new selective inhibitor of α-glucosidase. The selective inhibition mechanism of Quercimeritrin on the two starch-digesting enzymes was further explored, and it was confirmed that Quercimeritrin had a strong binding affinity for α-glucosidase and occupied the binding pocket of α-glucosidase through non-covalent binding. Subsequently, animal experiments demonstrated that Quercimeritrin can effectively control postprandial blood glucose in vivo, with the same inhibitory effect as acarbose but without side effects. Our results, therefore, provide insights into how flavone aglycones can be used to effectively control the rate of digestion to improve postprandial blood glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyu Guo
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (F.G.); (X.M.)
| | - Jie An
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (J.A.); (M.W.); (W.Z.); (C.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Minlong Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (J.A.); (M.W.); (W.Z.); (C.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Weibo Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (J.A.); (M.W.); (W.Z.); (C.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Chong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (J.A.); (M.W.); (W.Z.); (C.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Xueying Mao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (F.G.); (X.M.)
| | - Siyuan Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (J.A.); (M.W.); (W.Z.); (C.C.); (S.L.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Pengjie Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (J.A.); (M.W.); (W.Z.); (C.C.); (S.L.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fazheng Ren
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (F.G.); (X.M.)
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6
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Wang J, Cao Y, Lai B, Liu Y, Li C, Bu C. Discovery selective acetylcholinesterase inhibitors to control Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). J Insect Sci 2023; 23:19. [PMID: 37578847 PMCID: PMC10424716 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iead073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, has a broad host plant range and presents an extreme capacity for developing pesticide resistance, becoming a major economic pest in agriculture. Anticholinesterase insecticides still account for a big part of global insecticide sales. However, there is a growing concern about the serious resistance problems of anticholinesterase insecticides and their nontarget toxicity. In this study, structure-based virtual screening was performed to discover selective AChE inhibitors from the ChemBridge database, and 39 potential species-specific AChE inhibitor were obtained targeting T. urticae AChE, but not human AChE. Among them, compound No. 8 inhibited AChE from T. urticae, but not from human, and had an inhibitory activity comparable to that of eserine. Compound No. 8 had dose-dependent toxicity to T. urticae in glass slide-dipping assay and had significant mite control effects in a pot experiment, but required a high concentration to achieve similar control effects to spirodiclofen. The toxicity evaluation suggested that compound No. 8 had no acute toxicity on pollinator honey bees and natural predator N. californicus and did not affect strawberry growth in our assay. Compound No. 8 is a potential lead compound for developing novel acaricides with reduced nontarget toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Northern Urban Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Bioscience and Resource Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Bin Lai
- Key Laboratory of Northern Urban Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Bioscience and Resource Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yongshuai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Northern Urban Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Bioscience and Resource Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Chao Li
- Key Laboratory of Northern Urban Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Bioscience and Resource Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Chunya Bu
- Key Laboratory of Northern Urban Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Bioscience and Resource Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
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7
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Wang X, Ye CH, Li EM, Xu LY, Lin WQ, Chen GH. Discovery of octahydropyrrolo [3,2-b] pyridin derivative as a highly selective Type I inhibitor of FGFR3 over VEGFR2 by high-throughput virtual screening. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:221-238. [PMID: 36502529 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although the aberrant activity of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) is implicated in various cancers, the reported kinase inhibitors of FGFR3 tend to cause side effects resulting from the inhibitory activity on vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2). Therefore, it is necessary to find a novel high-selective inhibitor of FGFR3 over VEGFR2 from the small-molecule compound database. In this study, integrated virtual screening protocols were established to screen for selective inhibitors of FGFR3 over VEGFR2 in Drugbank and Asinex databases by combining three-dimensional pharmacophore model, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MMPBSA) calculations. Finally, it is found that Asinex-5082, as an octahydropyrrolo[3,2-b] pyridin derivative, has larger binding free energy with FGFR3 (-39.3 kcal/mol) than reference drug Erdafitinib (-29.9 kcal/mol), while cannot bind with VEGFR2, resulting in considerable inhibitory selectivity. This is because Asinex-5082, unlike Erdafitinib, has not m-dimethoxybenzene with large steric hindrance, thus can enter the larger ATP-binding pocket of FGFR3 with DFG-in conformation to form hydrophobic interaction with residues Met529, Ile539, and Tyr557 as well as hydrogen bond with Ala558. On the other hand, due to the fact that the benzodioxane and N-heterocyclic rings are connected by carbonyl (C=O), Asinex-5082 cannot rotate freely so as to enter the smaller ATP binding pocket of VEGFR2 on the DFG-out conformation. The lead molecule Asinex-5082 may facilitate the rational design and development of novel selective inhibitors of FGFR3 over VEGFR2 as anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Cheng-Hao Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - En-Min Li
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wang-Qiang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Guang-Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Shantou University, Shantou, China
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8
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Zhan W, Li D, Saha P, Wang R, Zhang H, Ajay AK, Deban C, Sukenick G, Azzi J, Lin G. Discovery of Highly Selective Inhibitors of the Human Constitutive Proteasome β5c Chymotryptic Subunit. J Med Chem 2023; 66:1172-1185. [PMID: 36608337 PMCID: PMC10157300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We describe our discovery and development of potent and highly selective inhibitors of human constitutive proteasome chymotryptic activity (β5c). Structure-activity relationship studies of the novel class of inhibitors focused on optimization of N-cap, C-cap, and side chain of the chemophore asparagine. Compound 32 is the most potent and selective β5c inhibitor in this study. A docking study provides a structure rationale for potency and selectivity. Kinetic studies show a reversible and noncompetitive inhibition mechanism. It enters the cells to engage the proteasome target, potently and selectively kills multiple myeloma cells, and does so by synergizing with a β5i-selective inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhu Zhan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave., New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Daqiang Li
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave., New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Priya Saha
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave., New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Rong Wang
- NMR Analytical Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave., New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Amrendra K. Ajay
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christa Deban
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - George Sukenick
- NMR Analytical Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Jamil Azzi
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gang Lin
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave., New York, NY 10065, United States
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Takamori S, Matsubara T, Haratake N, Toyokawa G, Fujishita T, Toyozawa R, Ito K, Yamaguchi M, Taguchi K, Okamoto T, Seto T. Targeted Therapy for RET Fusion Lung Cancer: Breakthrough and Unresolved Issue. Front Oncol 2021; 11:704084. [PMID: 34497761 PMCID: PMC8419300 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.704084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular drugs targeting mutated or rearranged oncogene drivers have become one of the standard recognized treatments in patients with advanced and recurrent non-small cell lung cancer. RET is located in the long arm of human chromosome 10 and encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase protein, and RET fusion-positive lung adenocarcinoma occurs in 1%-2% of cases. Clinical trials of multikinase inhibitors, including cabozantinib, vandetanib, sorafenib, and lenvatinib, that inhibit RET oncogene activity have shown their antitumor efficacy. Recently, RET inhibitors such as pralsetinib and selpercatinib that are specialized for RET kinase have also been developed, and their efficacy was investigated in previous clinical trials (BLU-667 and LOXO-292). In this review, we summarized the effects and adverse events of multikinase and selective RET inhibitors and the various diagnostic techniques for RET gene fusion. In the perspective part, we focused on the unsolved issues on treatment for RET fusion-positive lung cancer and future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinkichi Takamori
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Taichi Matsubara
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoki Haratake
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Gouji Toyokawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Fujishita
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryo Toyozawa
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kensaku Ito
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yamaguchi
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Taguchi
- Cancer Pathology Laboratory, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Okamoto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Seto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
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10
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Zhao Y, Liang T, Hou X, Fang H. Recent Development of Novel HDAC6 Isoform- selective Inhibitors. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:4133-4151. [PMID: 33176627 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666201111142653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
As an important post-transcription modification, histone deacetylation plays significant roles in chromatin remodeling and gene expression. The aberrant modification of histone deacetylation leads to various diseases. As a critical member of histone deacetylase (HDAC), HDAC6 serves as a key modulator in many physiological processes. Abnormal expression of HDAC6 gives rise to cancer, neurodegeneration and other diseases. Here, we have reviewed recent advances in physiological, protein structure and development of HDAC6 selective inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44, Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Tao Liang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44, Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xuben Hou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44, Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Hao Fang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44, Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
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Zhang S, Romero LO, Deng S, Wang J, Li Y, Yang L, Hamilton DJ, Miller DD, Liao FF, Cordero-Morales JF, Wu Z, Li W. Discovery of a Highly Selective and Potent TRPC3 Inhibitor with High Metabolic Stability and Low Toxicity. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:572-578. [PMID: 33859797 PMCID: PMC8040052 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The overactivation of transient receptor potential canonical 3 (TRPC3) is associated with neurodegenerative diseases and hypertension. Pyrazole 3 (Pyr3) is reported as the most selective TRPC3 inhibitor, but it has two inherent structural limitations: (1) the labile ester moiety leads to its rapid hydrolysis to the inactive Pyr8 in vivo, and (2) the alkylating trichloroacrylic amide moiety is known to be toxic. To circumvent these limitations, we designed a series of conformationally restricted Pyr3 analogues and reported that compound 20 maintains high potency and selectivity for human TRPC3 over its closely related TRP channels. It has significantly improved metabolic stability compared with Pyr3 and has a good safety profile. Preliminary evaluation of 20 demonstrated its ability to rescue Aβ-induced neuron damage with similar potency to that of Pyr3 in vitro. Collectively, these results suggest that 20 represents a promising scaffold to potentially ameliorate the symptoms associated with TRPC3-mediated neurological and cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Zhang
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Luis O. Romero
- Department
of Physiology, the University of Tennessee
Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
- Integrated
Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College
of Graduate Health Sciences, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Shanshan Deng
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Yong Li
- Department
of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St.
Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Lei Yang
- Department
of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St.
Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - David J. Hamilton
- Department
of Comparative Medicine, College of Graduate Health Sciences, the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Duane D. Miller
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Francesca-Fang Liao
- Department
of Pharmacology, Addiction Science, and Toxicology, the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Julio F. Cordero-Morales
- Department
of Physiology, the University of Tennessee
Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Zhongzhi Wu
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Wei Li
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
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12
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Ye Q, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Ding Y, Zhao F, Zhang J, Song Y. Investigation of the Selectivity of L-Type Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels 1.3 for Pyrimidine-2,4,6-Triones Derivatives Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Molecules 2020; 25:E5440. [PMID: 33233858 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Cav1.3 (hCav1.3) is of great interest as a potential target for Parkinson’s disease. However, common medications like dihydropyridines (DHPs), a kind of classic calcium channel blocker, have poor selectivity to hCav1.3 in clinical treatment, mainly due to being implicated in cardiovascular side-effects mediated by human Cav1.2 (hCav1.2). Recently, pyrimidine-2,4,6-triones (PYTs) have received extensive attention as prominent selective inhibitors to hCav1.3. In this study, we describe the selectivity mechanism of PYTs for hCav1.2 and hCav1.3 based on molecular dynamic simulation methods. Our results reveal that the van der Waals (vdW) interaction was the most important force affecting selectivity. Moreover, the hydrophobic interaction was more conducive to the combination. The highly hydrophobic amino acid residues on hCav1.3, such as V162 (IR1), L303 (IR2), M481 (IR3), and F484 (IR3), provided the greatest contributions in the binding free energy. On the other hand, the substituents of a halogen-substituted aromatic ring, cycloalkyl and norbornyl on PYTs, which are pertinent to the steric hindrance of the compounds, played core roles in the selectivity and affinity for hCav1.3, whereas strong polar substituents needed to be avoided. The findings could provide valuable information for designing more effective and safe medicines for Parkinson’s disease.
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13
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Lai SW, Bamodu OA, Chen JH, Wu AT, Lee WH, Chao TY, Yeh CT. Targeted PARP Inhibition Combined with FGFR1 Blockade is Synthetically Lethal to Malignant Cells in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:E911. [PMID: 32276472 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role and therapeutic promise of poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in anticancer chemotherapy are increasingly being explored, particularly in adjuvant or maintenance therapy, considering their low efficacy as monotherapy agents and their potentiating effects on concurrently administered contemporary chemotherapeutics. Against the background of increasing acquired resistance to FGFR1 inhibitors and our previous work, which partially demonstrated the caspase-3/PARP-mediated antitumor and antimetastatic efficacy of PD173074, a selective FGFR1 inhibitor, against ALDH-high/FGFR1-rich pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells, we investigated the probable synthetic lethality and therapeutic efficacy of targeted PARP inhibition combined with FGFR1 blockade in patients with PDAC. Using bioinformatics-based analyses of gene expression profiles, co-occurrence and mutual exclusivity, molecular docking, immunofluorescence staining, clonogenicity, Western blotting, cell viability or cytotoxicity screening, and tumorsphere formation assays, we demonstrated that FGFR1 and PARP co-occur, form a complex, and reduce survival in patients with PDAC. Furthermore, FGFR1 and PARP expression was upregulated in FGFR1 inhibitor (dasatinib)-resistant PDAC cell lines SU8686, MiaPaCa2, and PANC-1 compared with that in sensitive cell lines Panc0403, Panc0504, Panc1005, and SUIT-2. Compared with the limited effect of single-agent olaparib (PARP inhibitor) or PD173074 on PANC-1 and SUIT-2 cells, low-dose combination (olaparib + PD173074) treatment significantly, dose-dependently, and synergistically reduced cell viability, upregulated cleaved PARP, pro-caspase (CASP)-9, cleaved-CASP9, and cleaved-CASP3 protein expression, and downregulated Bcl-xL protein expression. Furthermore, combination treatment markedly suppressed the clonogenicity and tumorsphere formation efficiency of PDAC cells regardless of FGFR1 inhibitor-resistance status and enhanced RAD51 and γ-H2AX immunoreactivity. In vivo studies have shown that both early and late initiation of combination therapy markedly suppressed tumor xenograft growth and increase in weight, although the effect was more pronounced in the early initiation group. In conclusion, FGFR1 inhibitor-resistant PDAC cells exhibited sensitivity to PD173074 after olaparib-mediated loss of PARP signaling. The present FGFR1/PARP-mediated synthetic lethality proof-of-concept study provided preclinical evidence of the feasibility and therapeutic efficacy of combinatorial FGFR1/PARP1 inhibition in human PDAC cell lines.
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14
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Bamodu OA, Chang HL, Ong JR, Lee WH, Yeh CT, Tsai JT. Elevated PDK1 Expression Drives PI3K/AKT/MTOR Signaling Promotes Radiation-Resistant and Dedifferentiated Phenotype of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells 2020; 9:E746. [PMID: 32197467 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to radiotherapy (IR), with consequent disease recurrence, continues to limit the efficacy of contemporary anticancer treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), especially in late stage. Despite accruing evidence implicating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in cancer-promoting hypoxia, cancerous cell proliferation and radiotherapy-resistance, it remains unclear which molecular constituent of the pathway facilitates adaptation of aggressive HCC cells to tumoral stress signals and drives their evasion of repeated IR-toxicity. This present study investigated the role of PDK1 signaling in IR-resistance, enhanced DNA damage repair and post-IR relapse, characteristic of aggressive HCC cells, while exploring potential PDK1-targetability to improve radiosensitivity. The study employed bioinformatics analyses of gene expression profile and functional protein–protein interaction, generation of IR-resistant clones, flow cytometry-based ALDH activity and side-population (SP) characterization, siRNA-mediated loss-of-PDK1function, western-blotting, immunohistochemistry and functional assays including cell viability, migration, invasion, clonogenicity and tumorsphere formation assays. We showed that the aberrantly expressed PDK1 characterizes poorly differentiated HCC CVCL_7955, Mahlavu, SK-HEP1 and Hep3B cells, compared to the well-differentiated Huh7 or normal adult liver epithelial THLE-2 cells, and independently activates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Molecular ablation of PDK1 function enhanced susceptibility of HCC cells to IR and was associated with deactivated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Additionally, PDK1-driven IR-resistance positively correlated with activated PI3K signaling, enhanced HCC cell motility and invasiveness, augmented EMT, upregulated stemness markers ALDH1A1, PROM1, SOX2, KLF4 and POU5F1, increased tumorsphere-formation efficiency and suppressed biomarkers of DNA damage—RAD50, MSH3, MLH3 and ERCC2. Furthermore, the acquired IR-resistant phenotype of Huh7 cells was strongly associated with significantly increased ALDH activity, SP-enrichment, and direct ALDH1-PDK1 interaction. Moreover, BX795-mediated pharmacological inhibition of PDK1 synergistically enhances the radiosensitivity of erstwhile resistant cells, increased Bax/Bcl-2 apoptotic ratio, while suppressing oncogenicity and clonogenicity. We provide preclinical evidence implicating PDK1 as an active driver of IR-resistance by activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, up-modulation of cancer stemness signaling and suppression of DNA damage, thus, projecting PDK1-targeting as a putative enhancer of radiosensitivity and a potential new therapeutic approach for patients with IR-resistant HCC.
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15
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Zhang C, Zhu H, Shao J, He R, Xi J, Zhuang R, Zhang J. Immunoproteasome- selective inhibitors: the future of autoimmune diseases? Future Med Chem 2020; 12:269-72. [PMID: 31983229 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2019-0299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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16
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Beskhmelnitsyna EA, Pokrovskii MV, Kulikov AL, Peresypkina AA, Varavin EI. Study of Anti-inflammatory Activity of a New Non-opioid Analgesic on the Basis of a Selective Inhibitor of TRPA1 Ion Channels. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 2019; 18:110-125. [PMID: 30734687 DOI: 10.2174/1871523018666190208123700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nowadays, the group of NSAIDs is used the most widely in order to treat the inflammatory process. But its long-term administration increases the risk of complications of pharmacotherapy. Therefore, today it is urgent to search for new molecules that can selectively block biological targets that directly perceive inflammatory mediators. One of such targets is TRPA1. ZC02-0012, a compound from the group of substituted pyrazinopyrimidinones, which is a selective inhibitor of TRPA1 ion channel. OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to study the anti-inflammatory activity of an innovative molecule under the laboratory code ZC02-0012 from the group of selective inhibitors of TRPA1 ion channel. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-inflammatory activity of ZC02-0012 was studied on the model of acute exudative inflammation of the paw in response to subplantar injection in the right hind paw of mice with 0.02 ml of 2% formaldehyde solution. The mass of the paw was measured after 4 hours (peak edema) after phlogistic injection. The test substance and the reference drug was administered intragastrically or intramuscularly 45 minutes before the injection of formaldehyde solution. The presence and intensity of antiinflammatory activity was judged by the inhibitory effect, represented in percent. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Selective inhibitor of the TRPA1 ion channel ZC02-0012 revealed the anti-inflammatory activity at doses of 3 and 9 mg/kg, its intensity is comparable to diclofenac sodium. CONCLUSION The selective inhibitor of the ion channel TRPA1, a substance under code ZC02-0012, has an anti-inflammatory activity comparable with diclofenac sodium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniya A Beskhmelnitsyna
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical pharmacology, Medical Faculty of Belgorod National Research University, 85 Pobeda St., Belgorod, 308015, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail V Pokrovskii
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical pharmacology, Medical Faculty of Belgorod National Research University, 85 Pobeda St., Belgorod, 308015, Russian Federation
| | - Aleksandr L Kulikov
- Research Institute of Pharmacology of Living systems of Belgorod National Research University, 85 Pobeda St., Belgorod, 308015, Russian Federation
| | - Anna A Peresypkina
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical pharmacology, Medical Faculty of Belgorod National Research University, 85 Pobeda St., Belgorod, 308015, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeniy I Varavin
- Physician Training Faculty for Aerospace Forces of Kirov Military Medical Academy, 6 Academician Lebedev St., Saint Petersburg, 194044, Russian Federation
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17
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Li Z, Bao K, Xu H, Wu P, Li W, Liu J, Zhang W. Design, synthesis, and bioactivities of tasiamide B derivatives as cathepsin D inhibitors. J Pept Sci 2019; 25:e3154. [PMID: 30734395 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cathepsin D (Cath D) is overexpressed and hypersecreted by malignant tumors and involved in the progress of tumor invasion, proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis. Cath D has been considered as a potential target to treat cancer. Our previous studies revealed that tasiamide B derivatives TB-9 and TB-11 exhibited high potent inhibition against Cath D and other aspartic proteases, but their molecular weights are still high, and the role of each residue is unknown yet. Based on this, two series of tasiamide B derivatives have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against Cath D/Cath E/BACE1. Enzymatic assays revealed that the target compound 1 with lower molecule weight showed good inhibitory activity against Cath D with IC50 of 3.29 nM and satisfactory selectivity over Cath E (72-fold) and BACE1 (295-fold), which could be a valuable template for the design of highly potent and selective Cath D inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China
| | - Keting Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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18
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Zhu J, Li K, Xu L, Jin J. Insight into the selective mechanism of phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ with benzothiazole and thiazolopiperidine γ-specific inhibitors by in silico approaches. Chem Biol Drug Des 2019; 93:818-831. [PMID: 30582283 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) has been verified to be a potential drug target for the treatments of various human physical disorders. Although received lots of attention, the development of PI3Kγ-selective inhibitors is still a challenging subject because of its unique protein structural features. Aiming to uncover the interaction mechanism between the selective inhibitors and PI3Kγ, a series of benzothiazole and thiazolopiperidine PI3Kγ isoform-selective inhibitors were studied with an integrated in silico strategy by combining molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulations, binding free energy calculations, and decomposition analysis. Firstly, three molecular docking models, including rigid receptor docking, induced fit docking (IFD), and quantum mechanical-polarized ligand docking, were respectively, built, and the IFD preliminarily predicted the docking poses of all studied inhibitors and roughly analyzed the binding mechanism. Secondly, four binding complexes with representative inhibitors were selected to perform molecular dynamic simulations and free energy calculations. The predicted binding energies were consistent with the experimental bioactivities and different binding patterns between potent and weak inhibitors were uncovered. Finally, through the Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area binding free energy decomposition, residue-inhibitor interactions spectra were obtained and several key residues contributing to favorable binding were highlighted, which provides valuable information for rational PI3Kγ inhibitor design and modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Kan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China
| | - Jian Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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19
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Lin TE, HuangFu WC, Chao MW, Sung TY, Chang CD, Chen YY, Hsieh JH, Tu HJ, Huang HL, Pan SL, Hsu KC. A Novel Selective JAK2 Inhibitor Identified Using Pharmacological Interactions. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1379. [PMID: 30564118 PMCID: PMC6288363 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The JAK2/STAT signaling pathway mediates cytokine receptor signals that are involved in cell growth, survival and homeostasis. JAK2 is a member of the Janus kinase (JAK) family and aberrant JAK2/STAT is involved with various diseases, making the pathway a therapeutic target. The similarity between the ATP binding site of protein kinases has made development of specific inhibitors difficult. Current JAK2 inhibitors are not selective and produce unwanted side effects. It is thought that increasing selectivity of kinase inhibitors may reduce the side effects seen with current treatment options. Thus, there is a great need for a selective JAK inhibitor. In this study, we identified a JAK2 specific inhibitor. We first identified key pharmacological interactions in the JAK2 binding site by analyzing known JAK2 inhibitors. Then, we performed structure-based virtual screening and filtered compounds based on their pharmacological interactions and identified compound NSC13626 as a potential JAK2 inhibitor. Results of enzymatic assays revealed that against a panel of kinases, compound NSC13626 is a JAK2 inhibitor and has high selectivity toward the JAK2 and JAK3 isozymes. Our cellular assays revealed that compound NSC13626 inhibits colorectal cancer cell (CRC) growth by downregulating phosphorylation of STAT3 and arresting the cell cycle in the S phase. Thus, we believe that compound NSC13626 has potential to be further optimized as a selective JAK2 drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Eight Lin
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun HuangFu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Research and Development, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Wu Chao
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ying Sung
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Di Chang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ying Chen
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hua Hsieh
- Kelly Government Solutions, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Huang-Ju Tu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Li Huang
- Biomedical Commercialization Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiow-Lin Pan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Research and Development, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Biomedical Commercialization Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Cheng Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Biomedical Commercialization Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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20
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Jia Y, Zhang C, Hu C, Yu Y, Zheng X, Li Y, Gao M. EGFR inhibition enhances the antitumor efficacy of a selective BRAF V600E inhibitor in thyroid cancer cell lines. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:6763-6769. [PMID: 29616135 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BRAF V600E is the most common genetic alteration in thyroid cancer and is indicative of a relatively poor prognosis. A selective inhibitor of BRAF V600E has been proposed as a novel treatment for patients with thyroid cancer exhibiting BRAF V600E mutations. However, this inhibitor has demonstrated a limited therapeutic effect. In the present study, possible adaptive mechanisms of resistance of thyroid cancer cells to the specific BRAF V600E inhibitor, PLX4032, were investigated. MTT assays were performed to determine the anti-proliferative efficiencies and half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of inhibitory treatments. The level of phosphorylated ERK was used to evaluate the activity of the mitogen assisted protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Flow cytometry was performed to evaluate the rate of apoptosis. The IC50 measurements of PLX4032 in K1 and BCPAP cells were 0.550 and 1.772 µM, respectively. Co-treatment with an endothelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor decreased the IC50 of PLX4032 to 0.206 µM, and prolonged the inhibitory effect of PLX4032 in K1 cells. In cells treated with PLX4032 alone, the MAPK pathway was reactivated after 24 h. However, the addition of an EGFR inhibitor suppressed this reactivation and increased the rate of apoptosis. In summary, the present study demonstrated that thyroid cancer harboring the BRAF V600E mutation was resistant to a selective BRAF inhibitor due to reactivation of the MAPK pathway. Co-treatment with an EGFR inhibitor increased antitumor efficacy and suppressed resistance to the BRAF V600E inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Jia
- Thyroid and Neck Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Cuicui Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Chuanxiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yu
- Thyroid and Neck Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Xiangqian Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Yigong Li
- Thyroid and Neck Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Ming Gao
- Thyroid and Neck Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
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21
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Hsieh JY, Li SY, Tsai WC, Liu JH, Lin CL, Liu GY, Hung HC. A small-molecule inhibitor suppresses the tumor-associated mitochondrial NAD(P)+-dependent malic enzyme (ME2) and induces cellular senescence. Oncotarget 2016; 6:20084-98. [PMID: 26008970 PMCID: PMC4652989 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we found a natural compound, embonic acid (EA), that can specifically inhibit the enzymatic activity of mitochondrial NAD(P)+-dependent malic enzyme (m-NAD(P)-ME, ME2) either in vitro or in vivo. The in vitro IC50 value of EA for m-NAD(P)-ME was 1.4 ± 0.4 μM. Mutagenesis and binding studies revealed that the putative binding site of EA on m-NAD(P)-ME is located at the fumarate binding site or at the dimer interface near the site. Inhibition studies reveal that EA displayed a non-competitive inhibition pattern, which demonstrated that the binding site of EA was distinct from the active site of the enzyme. Therefore, EA is thought to be an allosteric inhibitor of m-NAD(P)-ME. Both EA treatment and knockdown of m-NAD(P)-ME by shRNA inhibited the growth of H1299 cancer cells. The protein expression and mRNA synthesis of m-NAD(P)-ME in H1299 cells were not influenced by EA, suggesting that the EA-inhibited H1299 cell growth occurs through the suppression of in vivo m-NAD(P)-ME activity EA treatment further induced the cellular senescence of H1299 cells. However, down-regulation of the enzyme-induced cellular senescence was not through p53. Therefore, the EA-evoked senescence of H1299 cells may occur directly through the inhibition of ME2 or a p53-independent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Yi Hsieh
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Microbiology & Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, and Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Yu Li
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chen Tsai
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Microbiology & Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, and Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jyung-Hurng Liu
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Agricultural Biotechnology Center (ABC), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Li Lin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Guang-Yaw Liu
- Institute of Microbiology & Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, and Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chih Hung
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Agricultural Biotechnology Center (ABC), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Wan H, Schroeder GM, Hart AC, Inghrim J, Grebinski J, Tokarski JS, Lorenzi MV, You D, Mcdevitt T, Penhallow B, Vuppugalla R, Zhang Y, Gu X, Iyer R, Lombardo LJ, Trainor GL, Ruepp S, Lippy J, Blat Y, Sack JS, Khan JA, Stefanski K, Sleczka B, Mathur A, Sun JH, Wong MK, Wu DR, Li P, Gupta A, Arunachalam PN, Pragalathan B, Narayanan S, K.C. N, Kuppusamy P, Purandare AV. Discovery of a Highly Selective JAK2 Inhibitor, BMS-911543, for the Treatment of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. ACS Med Chem Lett 2015; 6:850-5. [PMID: 26288683 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
JAK2 kinase inhibitors are a promising new class of agents for the treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms and have potential for the treatment of other diseases possessing a deregulated JAK2-STAT pathway. X-ray structure and ADME guided refinement of C-4 heterocycles to address metabolic liability present in dialkylthiazole 1 led to the discovery of a clinical candidate, BMS-911543 (11), with excellent kinome selectivity, in vivo PD activity, and safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghe Wan
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Gretchen M. Schroeder
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Amy C. Hart
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Jennifer Inghrim
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - James Grebinski
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - John S. Tokarski
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Matthew V. Lorenzi
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Dan You
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Theresa Mcdevitt
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Becky Penhallow
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Ragini Vuppugalla
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Yueping Zhang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Xiaomei Gu
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Ramaswamy Iyer
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Louis J. Lombardo
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - George L. Trainor
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Stefan Ruepp
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Jonathan Lippy
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Yuval Blat
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - John S. Sack
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Javed A. Khan
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Kevin Stefanski
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Bogdan Sleczka
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Arvind Mathur
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Jung-Hui Sun
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Michael K. Wong
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Dauh-Rurng Wu
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Peng Li
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Anuradha Gupta
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - P. N. Arunachalam
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Bala Pragalathan
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Sankara Narayanan
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Nanjundaswamy K.C.
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Prakasam Kuppusamy
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Ashok V. Purandare
- Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D, US Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
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Abstract
Analysis of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression profiles in various pathologies correlated with their presence in promoting disease progression. Drugs were designed to inhibit MMPs in an extreme manner by chelating the active site zinc ion. This approach did not distinguish between the 24 members of the MMP family and had devastating consequences during clinical trials. Subsequent knockout mouse studies showed that some MMPs are beneficial in regulating tumor growth, metastasis and indirectly stimulating the immune system. The broad-spectrum inhibitor approach was rethought and modified in order to increase specificity by taking into account the non-conserved secondary binding sites or differences in structures within MMPs and also generating antibodies. These showed interesting results in vitro and in vivo. The recent technological advances that allow us to better understand the function and structure of MMPs are aiding in the development of selective inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Amar
- a 1 Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, 5353 Parkside Drive, Building MC17, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Gregg B Fields
- a 1 Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, 5353 Parkside Drive, Building MC17, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA.,b 2 Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute/Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA.,c 3 Department of Chemistry and Biology, Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, 11350 SW Village Parkway, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
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24
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Fan H, Angelo NG, Warren JD, Nathan CF, Lin G. Oxathiazolones Selectively Inhibit the Human Immunoproteasome over the Constitutive Proteasome. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:405-10. [PMID: 24900849 DOI: 10.1021/ml400531d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective inhibitors for the human immunoproteasome LMP7 (β5i) subunit over the constitutive proteasome hold promise for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases and hematologic malignancies. Here we report that oxathiazolones inhibit the immunoproteasome β5i with up to 4700-fold selectivity over the constitutive proteasome, are cell permeable, and inhibit proteasomes inside cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Fan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology and ‡Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Nicholas G. Angelo
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology and ‡Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - J. David Warren
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology and ‡Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Carl F. Nathan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology and ‡Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Gang Lin
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology and ‡Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
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25
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Xiang F, Xiang J, Fang Y, Zhang M, Li M. Discovering isozyme- selective inhibitor scaffolds of human carbonic anhydrases using structural alignment and de novo drug design approaches. Chem Biol Drug Des 2013; 83:247-58. [PMID: 24112770 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The development of isozyme-selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors is currently still a great challenge. In the present study, protein-ligand complex structures were obtained by AutoDock Vina with SBR ((R)-N-(3-indol-1-yl-2-methyl-propyl)-4-sulfamoyl-benzamide) as the only inhibitor docked into the binding pockets of human isozymes CA I, II, IV, VI, IX, XII, and XIII. To make the spatial structures of complexes comparable, the co-ordinates for CA domains were reassigned based on structural alignments. With preferred docking poses of SBR been reduced to seed structures, the LigBuilder was used to build up inhibitor molecules. The results suggested that sulfonamide derivatives with naphthalene, fluorene, and acridan as the scaffold structures can be the potential isozyme-selective CAIs, especially for isozymes CA II, IV, and IX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Xiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, China
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26
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Szelényi P, Révész K, Konta L, Tüttõ A, Mandl J, Kereszturi É, Csala M. Inhibition of microsomal cortisol production by (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate through a redox shift in the endoplasmic reticulum--a potential new target for treating obesity-related diseases. Biofactors 2013; 39:534-41. [PMID: 23554216 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Conversion of cortisone to cortisol by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11βHSD1) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of the target cells is a major determinant of glucocorticoid action, and plays an important role in the development of obesity-related diseases. Inhibition of 11βHSD1 activity is, therefore, considered as a promising novel strategy for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Tea flavanols and their major representative, epigallocatechin gallate are known as antiobesity and antidiabetic agents. Their impacts on blood glucose level, hepatic glucose production, and insulin responsiveness resemble those observed on inhibition or depletion of 11βHSD1. We aimed to study the effect of epigallocatechin gallate on 11βHSD1 activity in ER-derived rat liver microsomes by measuring cortisone and cortisol with HPLC. Cortisol production was efficiently suppressed in a concentration dependent manner in intact microsomal vesicles. However, this effect was abolished by membrane permeabilization; and the three proteins involved in the overall process (11βHSD1, hexose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and glucose 6-phosphate transporter) were not or only mildly affected. Further investigation revealed the oxidation of luminal NADPH to NADP⁺, which attenuates cortisone reduction and favors cortisol oxidation in this compartment. Such a redox shift in the ER lumen might contribute to the beneficial health effects of tea flavanols and should be regarded as a promising strategy for the development of novel selective 11βHSD1 inhibitors to treat obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Szelényi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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27
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Xue F, Li H, Fang J, Roman LJ, Martásek P, Poulos TL, Silverman RB. Peripheral but crucial: a hydrophobic pocket (Tyr(706), Leu(337), and Met(336)) for potent and selective inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:6258-61. [PMID: 20833542 PMCID: PMC2952696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.08.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2010] [Revised: 08/17/2010] [Accepted: 08/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Selective inhibition of the neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) over endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) has become a promising strategy for the discovery of new therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative diseases. However, because of the high sequence homology of different isozymes in the substrate binding pocket, developing inhibitors with both potency and excellent isoform selectivity remains a challenging problem. Herein, we report the evaluation of a recently discovered peripheral hydrophobic pocket (Tyr(706), Leu(337), and Met(336)) that opens up upon inhibitor binding and its potential in designing potent and selective nNOS inhibitors using three compounds, 2a, 2b, and 3. Crystal structure results show that inhibitors 2a and 3 adopted the same binding mode as lead compound 1. We also found that hydrophobic interactions between the 4-methyl group of the aminopyridine ring of these compounds with the side chain of Met(336), as well as the π-π stacking interaction between the pyridinyl motif and the side chain of Tyr(706) are important for the high potency and selectivity of these nNOS inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengtian Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, and Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois, 60208-3113, , 847-491-5653
| | - Huiying Li
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-3900, , 949-824-7020
| | - Jianguo Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, and Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois, 60208-3113, , 847-491-5653
| | - Linda J. Roman
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78384-7760
| | - Pavel Martásek
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78384-7760
| | - Thomas L. Poulos
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-3900, , 949-824-7020
| | - Richard B. Silverman
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, and Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois, 60208-3113, , 847-491-5653
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