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Peters CD, Li D, Mo Z, Hankins NP, She Q. Exploring the Limitations of Osmotically Assisted Reverse Osmosis: Membrane Fouling and the Limiting Flux. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:6678-6688. [PMID: 35475365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Osmotically assisted reverse osmosis (OARO) has shown great potential for low-cost and energy-efficient brine management. However, its performance can be significantly limited by membrane fouling. Here, we performed for the first time a comprehensive study on OARO membrane fouling, explored the associated fouling mechanisms, and evaluated fouling reversibility via simple physical cleaning strategies. First, internal membrane fouling at the draw (permeate) side was shown to be insignificant. Flux behavior in short-term operation was correlated to both the evolution of fouling and the change of internal concentration polarization. In long-term operation, membrane fouling constrained the OARO water flux to a singular, common upper limit, in terms of limiting flux, which was demonstrated to be independent of operating pressures and membrane properties. Generally, once the limiting flux was exceeded, the OARO process performance could not be improved by higher-pressure operation or by utilizing more permeable and selective membranes. Instead, different cyclic cleaning strategies were shown to be more promising alternatives for improving performance. While both surface flushing and osmotic backwashing (OB) were found to be highly effective when using pure water, a full flux recovery could not be achieved when a nonpure solution was used during OB due to severe internal clogging during OB. All in all, the presented findings provided significant implications for OARO operation and fouling control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian D Peters
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Oxford, Parks Road, OX3 1PJ Oxford, U.K
- Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Dan Li
- Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Zijing Mo
- Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Nicholas P Hankins
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Oxford, Parks Road, OX3 1PJ Oxford, U.K
| | - Qianhong She
- Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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2
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Ibrar I, Yadav S, Naji O, Alanezi AA, Ghaffour N, Déon S, Subbiah S, Altaee A. Development in forward Osmosis-Membrane distillation hybrid system for wastewater treatment. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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3
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Wang H, Zhang Y, Ren S, Pei J, Li Z. Athermal concentration of apple juice by forward osmosis: Process performance and membrane fouling propensity. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Nawaz MS, Son HS, Jin Y, Kim Y, Soukane S, Al-Hajji MA, Abu-Ghdaib M, Ghaffour N. Investigation of flux stability and fouling mechanism during simultaneous treatment of different produced water streams using forward osmosis and membrane distillation. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 198:117157. [PMID: 33933919 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis-membrane distillation (FO-MD) hybrids were recently found suitable for produced water treatment. Exclusion of synthetic chemical draw solutions, typically used for FO, can reduce FO-MD operational costs and ease its onsite application. This study experimentally validates a novel concept for the simultaneous treatment of different produced water streams available at the same industrial site using an FO-MD hybrid system. The water oil separator outlet (WO) stream was selected as FO draw solution and it generated average fluxes ranging between 8.30 LMH and 26.78 LMH with four different feed streams. FO fluxes were found to be governed by the complex composition of the feed streams. On the other hand, with WO stream as MD feed, an average flux of 14.41 LMH was achieved. Calcium ions were found as a main reason for MD flux decline in the form of CaSO4 scaling and stimulating the interaction between the membrane and humic acid molecules to form scale layer causing reduction in heat transfer and decline in MD flux (6%). Emulsified oil solution was responsible for partial pore clogging resulting in further 2% flux decline. Ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid (EDTA) was able to mask a portion of calcium ions and resulted in a complete recovery of the original MD flux. Under hybrid FO-MD experiments MD fluxes between 5.62 LMH and 11.12 LMH were achieved. Therefore, the novel concept is validated to produce fairly stable FO and MD fluxes, with few streams, without severe fouling and producing excellent product water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saqib Nawaz
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hyuk Soo Son
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yong Jin
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Youngjin Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Sejong Campus, Korea University, 2511, Sejong-ro, Jochiwon-eup, Sejong-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sofiane Soukane
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ali Al-Hajji
- Energy Systems Division, Process & Control Systems Department (P&CSD), Saudi Aramco, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhannad Abu-Ghdaib
- Energy Systems Division, Process & Control Systems Department (P&CSD), Saudi Aramco, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noreddine Ghaffour
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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5
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Combined fouling of forward osmosis membrane by alginate and TiO2 nanoparticles and fouling mitigation mechanisms. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.119003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Pei J, Gao S, Sarp S, Wang H, Chen X, Yu J, Yue T, Youravong W, Li Z. Emerging forward osmosis and membrane distillation for liquid food concentration: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:1910-1936. [PMID: 33438299 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
As emerging membrane technologies, forward osmosis (FO) and membrane distillation (MD), which work with novel driving forces, show great potential for liquid food concentration, owing to their low fouling propensity and great driving force. In the last decades, they have attracted the attention of food industry scientists in global scope. However, discussions of the FO and MD in liquid food concentration advancement, membrane fouling, and economic assessment have been scant. This review aims to provide an up-to-date knowledge about liquid food concentration by FO and MD. First, we introduce the principle and applications of FO and MD in liquid food concentration, and highlight the effect of process on liquid food composition, membrane fouling mechanism, and strategies for fouling mitigation. Besides, economic assessment of FO and MD processes is reviewed. Moreover, the challenges as well as future prospects of FO and MD applied in liquid food concentration are proposed and discussed. Comparing with conventional membrane-based or thermal-based technologies, FO and MD show outstanding advantages in high concentration rate, good concentrate quality, low fouling propensity, and low cost. Future efforts for liquid food concentration by FO and MD include (1) development of novel FO draw solution (DS); (2) understanding the effects of liquid food complex compositions on membrane fouling in FO and MD concentration process; and (3) fabrication of novel membranes and innovation of membrane module and process configuration for liquid food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Pei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Shanshan Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Sarper Sarp
- Centre for Water Advanced Technologies and Environmental Research (CWATER), College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Haihua Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaonan Chen
- College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jin Yu
- College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wirote Youravong
- Department of Food Technology & Center of Excellence in Membrane Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Zhenyu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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8
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Zhang P. Review of Synthesis and Evaluation of Inhibitor Nanomaterials for Oilfield Mineral Scale Control. Front Chem 2020; 8:576055. [PMID: 33330364 PMCID: PMC7710525 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.576055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oilfield flow assurance is the subject to study the impact on the flow of production fluids due to physicochemical changes in the production system. Mineral scale deposition is among the top 3 water-related flow assurance challenges in petroleum industry, particularly for offshore and shale operations. Scale deposition can lead to serious operational risks and significant financial loss. The most commonly adopted strategy in oilfield scale control is the deployment of chemical inhibitors. Although conventional chemical inhibitors are effective in inhibiting scale threat, they have the drawbacks of short transport distance and limited squeeze lifetime due to their intrinsic chemical properties. In the past decade, as an alternative to conventional chemical inhibition, research efforts have been made to prepare functional nanomaterials with different chemical compositions to overcome the drawbacks of conventional chemical inhibitors. These synthesized nanomaterials can serve as delivery vehicles to deploy inhibitors into the target location in the production system. These nanomaterials are reported to have multiple advantages over the conventional inhibitors in terms of transportability, controlled release, and functionality, evidenced by a series of experimental studies. This review presents an overview of scale inhibitor nanomaterial development and the current methods to synthesize and to evaluate these nanomaterials in a systematic and comprehensive manner. This review focuses on the chemistry principles and methodologies underlying inhibitor nanomaterial synthesis and also the chemical instrument and strategies in evaluating the physiochemical properties of these materials in terms of inhibition effectiveness, transportability, and inhibitor return. The scale inhibitor nanomaterials (SINMs) presented in this review exemplify the continuous development in our capabilities in adopting novel nanotechnology in combating actual engineering challenges in petroleum industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology. University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
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9
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Athermal forward osmosis process for the concentration of liquid egg white: Process performance and improved physicochemical property of protein. Food Chem 2020; 312:126032. [PMID: 31874408 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.126032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Rabiee H, Jin B, Yun S, Dai S. O2/N2-responsive microgels as functional draw agents for gas-triggering forward osmosis desalination. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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11
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Panagopoulos A, Haralambous KJ, Loizidou M. Desalination brine disposal methods and treatment technologies - A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 693:133545. [PMID: 31374511 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Brine, also known as concentrate, is the by-product of the desalination process that has an adverse impact on the environment due to its high salinity. Hence, viable and cost-effective brine management systems are needed to reduce environmental pollution. Currently, various disposal methods have been practiced, including surface water discharge, sewer discharge, deep-well injection, evaporation ponds and land application. However, these brine disposal methods are unsustainable and restricted by high capital costs and non-universal application. Nowadays, brine treatment is considered one of the most promising alternatives to brine disposal, since treatment results in the reduction of environmental pollution, minimization of waste volume and production of freshwater with high recovery. This review article evaluates current practices in brine management, including disposal methods and treatment technologies. Based upon the side-by-side comparison of technologies, a brine treatment technology framework is introduced to outline the Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) approach through high freshwater recovery and wastewater volume minimization. Furthermore, an overview of brine characteristics and its sources, as well as its negative impact on the environment is discussed. Finally, the paper highlights future research areas for brine treatment technologies aiming to enhance the effectiveness and viability of desalination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyris Panagopoulos
- Unit of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou St., Zografou, 15780, Athens, Greece.
| | - Katherine-Joanne Haralambous
- Unit of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou St., Zografou, 15780, Athens, Greece.
| | - Maria Loizidou
- Unit of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou St., Zografou, 15780, Athens, Greece.
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12
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Mineral scaling in membrane desalination: Mechanisms, mitigation strategies, and feasibility of scaling-resistant membranes. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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13
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Chen Q, Ge Q, Xu W, Pan W. Functionalized imidazolium ionic liquids promote seawater desalination through forward osmosis. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.11.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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14
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Arias D, Cisternas LA, Miranda C, Rivas M. Bioprospecting of Ureolytic Bacteria From Laguna Salada for Biomineralization Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 6:209. [PMID: 30713841 PMCID: PMC6345690 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The processes of biomineralization, mediated by ureolytic bacteria, possess a wide range of technological applications, such as the formation of biocements and remediation of water and soil environments. For this reason, the bioprospecting of new ureolytic bacteria is interesting for its application to these technologies, particularly for water treatment. This study demonstrates the isolation, selection, and identification of halotolerant ureolytic bacteria from Laguna Salada (inland from Atacama Desert) and the evaluation of their ability to precipitate calcium carbonate crystals in freshwater in the presence of calcium ions, as well as the ability to induce the precipitation of crystals from different ions present in seawater. Twenty-four halotolerant ureolytic bacteria whose molecular identification gives between 99 and 100% identity with species of the genus Bacillus, Porphyrobacter, Pseudomonas, Salinivibrio, and Halomonas were isolated. When cultivated in freshwater, urea, and calcium chloride, all species are able to biomineralize calcium carbonate in different concentrations. In seawater, the strains that biomineralize the highest concentration of calcium carbonate correspond to Bacillus subtilis and Halomonas sp. SEM–EDX and XRD analyses determined that both bacteria induce the formation of 9–33% halite (NaCl), 31–66% monohydrocalcite (CaCO3 × H2O), and 24–27% struvite (MgNH4PO4 × 6H2O). Additionally, B.subtilis induces the formation of 7% anhydrite (CaSO4). In seawater, B.subtilis and Halomonas sp. were able to precipitate both calcium (96–97%) and magnesium (63–67%) ions over 14 days of testing. Ion removal assays with B.subtilis immobilized in beads indicate a direct relationship between the urea concentration and a greater removal of ions with similar rates to free cells. These results demonstrate that the biomineralization mediated by bacterial urea hydrolysis is feasible in both freshwater and seawater, and we propose its application as a new technology in improving water quality for industrial uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayana Arias
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Procesos de Minerales, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile.,Laboratorio de Biotecnología Algal y Sustentabilidad (BIOAL), Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Biológicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Luis A Cisternas
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Procesos de Minerales, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile.,Centro de Investigación Científico Tecnológico Para la Minería, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Carol Miranda
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Algal y Sustentabilidad (BIOAL), Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Biológicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Mariella Rivas
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Algal y Sustentabilidad (BIOAL), Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Biológicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile.,Centro de Investigación Científico Tecnológico Para la Minería, Antofagasta, Chile
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15
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Su M, Bai Y, Han J, Chen J, Sun H. Adhesion of gypsum crystals to polymer membranes: Mechanisms and prediction. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Fortunato L, Jang Y, Lee JG, Jeong S, Lee S, Leiknes T, Ghaffour N. Fouling development in direct contact membrane distillation: Non-invasive monitoring and destructive analysis. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 132:34-41. [PMID: 29304446 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fouling development in direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) for seawater desalination was evaluated combining in-situ monitoring performed using optical coherence tomography (OCT) together with destructive techniques. The non-invasive monitoring with OCT provided a better understanding of the fouling mechanism by giving an appropriate sampling timing for the membrane autopsy. The on-line monitoring system allowed linking the flux trend with the structure of fouling deposited on the membrane surface. The water vapor flux trend was divided in three phases based on the deposition and formation of different foulants over time. The initial flux decline was due to the deposition of a 50-70 nm porous fouling layer consisting of a mixture of organic compounds and salts. Liquid chromatography with organic carbon detection (LC-OCD) analysis revealed the abundance of biopolymer in the fouling layer formed at the initial phase. In the second phase, formation of carbonate crystals on the membrane surface was observed but did not affect the flux significantly. In the last phase, the water vapor flux dropped to almost zero due to the deposition of a dense thick layer of sulfate crystals on the membrane surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Fortunato
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yongsun Jang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kookmin University, Jeongneung-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 136-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Gil Lee
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanghyun Jeong
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; Graduate School of Water Resources, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangho Lee
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kookmin University, Jeongneung-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 136-702, Republic of Korea
| | - TorOve Leiknes
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noreddine Ghaffour
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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17
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Performance analysis of plate-and-frame forward osmosis membrane elements and implications for scale-up design. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.12.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Xu W, Ge Q. Synthetic polymer materials for forward osmosis (FO) membranes and FO applications: a review. REV CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2017-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) has played an important role in alleviating the problems caused by freshwater shortage and water contamination in recent years. However, issues of low water permeability, reverse solute diffusion, concentration polarization and membrane fouling are still widely present in FO processes. These challenges are the current research focus in exploring novel FO membranes. Fabricating FO membranes from chemically modified commercial polymers is a relatively novel approach and has proven effective in obtaining appropriate FO membranes. This paper focuses on the progress of FO membranes made specially from chemically modified polymer materials. First of all, a brief overview of commercial polymers commonly used for FO membrane fabrication is provided. Secondly, the chemical modification strategies and synthesis routes of novel polymer materials as well as the resultant FO membrane performance are presented. The strengths and weaknesses of chemical modifications on polymer materials are assessed. Then, typical FO applications facilitated by the FO membranes made from modified polymer materials are exemplified. Finally, challenges and future directions in exploring novel polymers through chemical modifications for FO membrane fabrication are highlighted. This review may provide new insights into the future advancement of both novel membrane materials and FO membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Xu
- College of Environment and Resources , Fuzhou University , Fujian 350116 , China
| | - Qingchun Ge
- College of Environment and Resources , Fuzhou University , Fujian 350116 , China
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19
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Li S, Kim Y, Chekli L, Phuntsho S, Shon HK, Leiknes T, Ghaffour N. Impact of reverse nutrient diffusion on membrane biofouling in fertilizer-drawn forward osmosis. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.05.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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20
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Kim Y, Woo YC, Phuntsho S, Nghiem LD, Shon HK, Hong S. Evaluation of fertilizer-drawn forward osmosis for coal seam gas reverse osmosis brine treatment and sustainable agricultural reuse. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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21
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Li S, Kim Y, Phuntsho S, Chekli L, Shon HK, Leiknes T, Ghaffour N. Methane production in an anaerobic osmotic membrane bioreactor using forward osmosis: Effect of reverse salt flux. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 239:285-293. [PMID: 28531853 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of reverse salt flux (RSF) on microbe community and bio-methane production in a simulated fertilizer driven FO-AnMBR system using KCl, KNO3 and KH2PO4 as draw solutes. Results showed that KH2PO4 exhibited the lowest RSF in terms of molar concentration 19.1mM/(m2.h), while for KCl and KNO3 it was 32.2 and 120.8mM/(m2.h), respectively. Interestingly, bio-methane production displayed an opposite order with KH2PO4, followed by KCl and KNO3. Pyrosequencing results revealed the presence of different bacterial communities among the tested fertilizers. Bacterial community of sludge exposed to KH2PO4 was very similar to that of DI-water and KCl. However, results with KNO3 were different since the denitrifying bacteria were found to have a higher percentage than the sludge with other fertilizers. This study demonstrated that RSF has a negative effect on bio-methane production, probably by influencing the sludge bacterial community via environment modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Li
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Youngjin Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), Post Box 129, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, 1-5 Ga, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Sherub Phuntsho
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), Post Box 129, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Laura Chekli
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), Post Box 129, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Ho Kyong Shon
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), Post Box 129, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - TorOve Leiknes
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noreddine Ghaffour
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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22
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Fertilizer drawn forward osmosis process for sustainable water reuse to grow hydroponic lettuce using commercial nutrient solution. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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23
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Lee S, Kim YC. Calcium carbonate scaling by reverse draw solute diffusion in a forward osmosis membrane for shale gas wastewater treatment. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Thermoresponsive cationic copolymer microgels as high performance draw agents in forward osmosis desalination. J Memb Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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25
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Chen SC, Amy GL, Chung TS. Membrane fouling and anti-fouling strategies using RO retentate from a municipal water recycling plant as the feed for osmotic power generation. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 88:144-155. [PMID: 26492341 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RO retentate from a municipal water recycling plant is considered as a potential feed stream for osmotic power generation in this paper. The feasibility of using RO retentate from a municipal water recycling plant was examined from two aspects: (a) the membrane fouling propensity of RO retentate, and (b) the efficacy of anti-fouling strategies. The membranes used in this study were the inner selective thin film composite polyethersulfone (TFC/PES) hollow fiber membranes, which possessed a high water permeability and good mechanical strength. Scaling by phosphate salts was found to be one possible inorganic fouling on the innermost layer of the PES membrane, whereas silica fouling was observed to be the governing fouling on the outmost surface of the PES membrane. Two anti-fouling pretreatments, i.e., pH adjustment and anti-scalant pre-treatment for the feed stream, were studied and found to be straightforward and effective. Using RO retentate at pH 7.2 as the feed and 1 M NaCl as the draw solution, the average power density was 7.3 W/m(2) at 20 bar. The average power density increased to 12.6 W/m(2) by modifying RO retentate with an initial pH value of 5.5 using HCl and to 13.4 W/m(2) by adding 1.1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Moreover, the flux recovery of the fouled membranes, without the indicated pretreatments, reached 84.9% using deionized (DI) water flushing and 95.0% using air bubbling under a high crossflow velocity of 23.3 cm/s (Re = 2497) for 30 min. After pretreatment by pH adjustment, the flux recovery increased to 94.6% by DI water flushing and 100.0% by air bubbling. After pretreatment by adding 1.1 mM EDTA into RO retentate, flux was almost fully restored by physical cleaning by DI water flushing and air bubbling. These results provide insight into developing an effective pretreatment by either pH adjustment or EDTA addition before PRO and physical cleaning methods by DI water flushing and air bubbling for membrane used in osmotic power generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Cong Chen
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering (NGS), National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456, Singapore; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Gary L Amy
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore; Water Desalination & Reuse (WDR) Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tai-Shung Chung
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering (NGS), National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456, Singapore; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore; Water Desalination & Reuse (WDR) Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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26
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Lu Y, He Z. Mitigation of Salinity Buildup and Recovery of Wasted Salts in a Hybrid Osmotic Membrane Bioreactor-Electrodialysis System. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:10529-10535. [PMID: 26238212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The osmotic membrane bioreactor (OMBR) is an emerging technology that uses water osmosis to accomplish separation of biomass from the treated effluent; however, accumulation of salts in the wastewater due to water flux and loss of draw solute because of reverse salt flux seriously hinder OMBR development. In this study, a hybrid OMBR-electrodialysis (ED) system was proposed and investigated to alleviate the salinity buildup. The use of an ED (3 V applied) could maintain a relatively low conductivity of 8 mS cm(-1) in the feed solution, which allowed the OMBR to operate for 24 days, about 6 times longer than a conventional OMBR without a functional ED. It was found that the higher the voltage applied to the ED, the smaller area of ion-exchange membrane was needed for salt separation. The salts recovered by the ED were successfully reused as a draw solute in the OMBR. At an energy consumption of 1.88-4.01 kWh m(-3), the hybrid OMBR-ED system could achieve a stable water flux of about 6.23 L m(-2) h(-1) and an efficient waste salt recovery of 1.26 kg m(-3). The hybrid OMBR-ED system could be potentially more advantageous in terms of less waste saline water discharge and salt recovery compared with a combined OMBR and reverse osmosis system. It also offers potential advantages over the conventional OMBR+post ED treatment in higher water flux and less wastewater discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaobin Lu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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