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Peng Q, Wang R, Zhao Z, Lin S, Liu Y, Dong D, Wang Z, He Y, Zhu Y, Jin J, Jiang L. Extreme Li-Mg selectivity via precise ion size differentiation of polyamide membrane. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2505. [PMID: 38509082 PMCID: PMC10954764 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46887-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Achieving high selectivity of Li+ and Mg2+ is of paramount importance for effective lithium extraction from brines, and nanofiltration (NF) membrane plays a critical role in this process. The key to achieving high selectivity lies in the on-demand design of NF membrane pores in accordance with the size difference between Li+ and Mg2+ ions, but this poses a huge challenge for traditional NF membranes and difficult to be realized. In this work, we report the fabrication of polyamide (PA) NF membranes with ultra-high Li+/Mg2+ selectivity by modifying the interfacial polymerization (IP) process between piperazine (PIP) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) with an oil-soluble surfactant that forms a monolayer at oil/water interface, referred to as OSARIP. The OSARIP benefits to regulate the membrane pores so that all of them are smaller than Mg2+ ions. Under the solely size sieving effect, an exceptional Mg2+ rejection rate of over 99.9% is achieved. This results in an exceptionally high Li+/Mg2+ selectivity, which is one to two orders of magnitude higher than all the currently reported pressure-driven membranes, and even higher than the microporous framework materials, including COFs, MOFs, and POPs. The large enhancement of ion separation performance of NF membranes may innovate the current lithium extraction process and greatly improve the lithium extraction efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Peng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Innovation Center for Chemical Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Zilin Zhao
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Shihong Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Innovation Center for Chemical Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Dianyu Dong
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Zheng Wang
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Yiman He
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Yuzhang Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Innovation Center for Chemical Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China.
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, PR China.
| | - Jian Jin
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Innovation Center for Chemical Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China.
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, PR China.
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, PR China
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2
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Yuan B, Zhang Y, Qi P, Yang D, Hu P, Zhao S, Zhang K, Zhang X, You M, Cui J, Jiang J, Lou X, Niu QJ. Self-assembled dendrimer polyamide nanofilms with enhanced effective pore area for ion separation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:471. [PMID: 38212318 PMCID: PMC10784486 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44530-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Membrane technology using well-defined pore structure can achieve high ion purity and recovery. However, fine-tuning the inner pore structure of the separation nanofilm to be uniform and enhance the effective pore area is still challenging. Here, we report dendrimers with different peripheral groups that preferentially self-assemble in aqueous-phase amine solution to facilitate the formation of polyamide nanofilms with a well-defined effective pore range and uniform pore structure. The high permeabilities are maintained by forming asymmetric hollow nanostripe nanofilms, and their well-designed ion effective separation pore ranges show an enhancement, rationalized by molecular simulation. The self-assembled dendrimer polyamide membrane provides Cl-/SO42- selectivity more than 17 times that of its pristine polyamide counterparts, increasing from 167.9 to 2883.0. Furthermore, the designed membranes achieve higher Li purity and Li recovery compared to current state-of-the-art membranes. Such an approach provides a scalable strategy to fine-tune subnanometre structures in ion separation nanofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, China.
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, China
| | - Pengfei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, National Center for International Research on Membrane Science and Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Dongxiao Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ping Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, China
| | - Siheng Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, China
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanshan District Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaili Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiaozhuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, China
| | - Meng You
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jiabao Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, China
| | - Juhui Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiangdong Lou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, China
| | - Q Jason Niu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanshan District Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, China.
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3
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Wang R, Alghanayem R, Lin S. Multipass Nanofiltration for Lithium Separation with High Selectivity and Recovery. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:14464-14471. [PMID: 37706485 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanofiltration (NF) is a promising and sustainable process to extract Li+ from brine lakes with high Mg2+/Li+ mass ratios. However, a trade-off between Li/Mg selectivity and Li recovery exists at the process scale, and the Li/Mg selectivity of commercially and lab-made NF membranes in a single-pass NF process is insufficient to achieve the industrially required Li purity. To overcome this challenge, we propose a multipass NF process with brine recirculation to achieve high selectivity without sacrificing Li recovery. We experimentally demonstrate that Li/Mg selectivity of a three-pass NF process with a commercial NF membrane can exceed 1000, despite the compromised Li recovery as a result of co-existing cations. Our theoretical analysis further predicts that a four-pass NF process with brine recirculation can simultaneously achieve an ultrahigh Li/Mg selectivity of over 4500 and a Li recovery of over 95%. This proposed process could potentially facilitate efficient NF-based solute-solute separations of all kinds and contribute to the development of novel membrane-based separation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1831, United States
| | - Rayan Alghanayem
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1831, United States
| | - Shihong Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1831, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1831, United States
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4
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Wang L, Cao T, Pataroque KE, Kaneda M, Biesheuvel PM, Elimelech M. Significance of Co-ion Partitioning in Salt Transport through Polyamide Reverse Osmosis Membranes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:3930-3939. [PMID: 36815574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Salt permeability of polyamide reverse osmosis (RO) membranes has been shown to increase with increasing feed salt concentration. The dependence of salt permeability on salt concentration has been attributed to the variation of salt partitioning with feed salt concentration. However, studies using various analytical techniques revealed that the salt (total ion) partitioning coefficient decreases with increasing salt concentration, in marked contrast to the observed increase in salt permeability. Herein, we thoroughly investigate the dependence of total ion and co-ion partitioning coefficients on salt concentration and solution pH. The salt partitioning is measured using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), while the co-ion partitioning is calculated from the measured salt partitioning using a modified Donnan theory. Our results demonstrate that the co-ion and total ion partitioning behave entirely differently with increasing salt concentrations. Specifically, the co-ion partitioning increased fourfold, while total ion partitioning decreased by 60% as the salt (NaCl) concentration increased from 100 to 800 mM. The increase in co-ion partitioning with increasing salt concentration is in accordance with the increasing trend of salt permeability in RO experiments. We further show that the dependence of salt and co-ion partitioning on salt concentration is much more pronounced at a higher solution pH. The good co-ion exclusion (GCE) model─derived from the solution-friction model─is used to calculate the salt permeability based on the co-ion partitioning coefficients. Our results show that the GCE model predicts the salt permeabilities in RO experiments relatively well, indicating that co-ion partitioning, not salt partitioning, governs salt transport through RO membranes. Our study provides an in-depth understanding of ion partitioning in polyamide RO membranes and its relationship with salt transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
| | - Tianchi Cao
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
| | - Kevin E Pataroque
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
| | - Masashi Kaneda
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
| | - P Maarten Biesheuvel
- European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Wetsus, Leeuwarden 8911 MA, The Netherlands
| | - Menachem Elimelech
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
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5
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Simplistic determination of the membrane pore charge density in presence of mixture of electrolytes. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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6
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Polyelectrolyte-based nanofiltration membranes with exceptional performance in Mg2+/Li+ separation in a wide range of solution conditions. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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7
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Wang R, Zhang J, Tang CY, Lin S. Understanding Selectivity in Solute-Solute Separation: Definitions, Measurements, and Comparability. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:2605-2616. [PMID: 35072469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of membranes capable of precise solute-solute separation is still in its burgeoning stage without a standardized protocol for evaluating selectivity. Three types of membrane processes with different driving forces, including pressure-driven filtration, concentration difference-driven diffusion, and electric field-driven ion migration, have been applied in this study to characterize solute-solute selectivity of a commercial nanofiltration membrane. Our results demonstrated that selectivity values measured using different methods, or even different conditions with the same method, are generally not comparable. The cross-method incomparability is true for both apparent selectivity, defined as the ratio between concentration-normalized fluxes, and the more intrinsic selectivity, defined as the ratio between the permeabilities of solutes through the active separation layer. The difference in selectivity measured using different methods possibly stems from the fundamental differences in the driving force of ion transport, the effect of water transport, and the interaction between cations and anions. We further demonstrated the difference in selectivity measured using feed solutions containing single-salt species and that containing mixed salts. A consistent protocol with standardized testing conditions to facilitate fair performance comparison between studies is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1831, United States
| | - Junwei Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chuyang Y Tang
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Shihong Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1831, United States
- Department of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1831, United States
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8
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Nanofiltration of Multi-Ion Solutions: Quantitative Control of Concentration Polarization and Interpretation by Solution-Diffusion-Electro-Migration Model. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11040272. [PMID: 33917903 PMCID: PMC8068212 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11040272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
For effective use of advanced engineering models of nanofiltration quality of experimental input is crucial, especially in electrolyte mixtures where simultaneous rejections of various ions may be very different. In particular, this concerns the quantitative control of concentration polarization (CP). This work used a rotating disklike membrane test cell with equally accessible membrane surface, so the CP extent was the same over the membrane surface. This condition, which is not satisfied in the conventional membrane test cell, made possible correcting for CP easily even in multi-ion systems. Ion rejections were studied experimentally for several dominant salts (NaCl, MgCl2, Na2SO4 and MgSO4) and trace ions (Na+, NH4+, Cl− and NO3−) using NF270 membrane. The solution–diffusion–electro–migration model was used to obtain ion permeances from the experimental measurements. The model could well fit the experimental data except in the case of NH4+. The correlations between the ion permeances and type of dominant salt are discussed in the context of the established mechanisms of NF such as Donnan and dielectric exclusion. The obtained information contributes to the systematic transport characterization of NF membranes and may be ultimately useful for computational fluid dynamics simulations of the performance of the membranes in various applications.
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9
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Renewable energy powered membrane technology: System resilience under solar irradiance fluctuations during the treatment of fluoride-rich natural waters by different nanofiltration/reverse osmosis membranes. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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10
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Aguilar S, Bustillos S, Xue S, Ji CH, Mak WH, Rao E, McVerry BT, La Plante EC, Simonetti D, Sant G, Kaner RB. Enhancing Polyvalent Cation Rejection Using Perfluorophenylazide-Grafted-Copolymer Membrane Coatings. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:42030-42040. [PMID: 32876431 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Surface modification offers a straightforward means to alter and enhance the properties and performance of materials, such as nanofiltration membranes for water softening. Herein, we demonstrate how a membrane's surface charge can be altered by grafting different electrostatically varying copolymers onto commercial membrane surfaces using perfluorophenylazide (PFPA) photochemistry for enhanced ion separation performance. The native membrane's performance-i.e., in terms of divalent cation separation-with copolymer coatings containing a positively charged quaternary ammonium (-N(Me)3+), a negatively charged sulfonate (-SO3-), and an essentially neutral zwitterion (sulfobetaine, -N(Me)2R2+, and -SO3-), respectively, indicates that: (a) the sulfonated polymer induces robust Coulombic exclusion of divalent anions as compared to the negatively charged native membrane surface on account of its higher negative charge; (b) the positively charged ammonium coating induces exclusion of cations more effectively than the native membrane; and significantly, (c) the zwitterion polymer coating, which reduces the surface roughness and improves wettability, in spite of its near-neutral charge enhances exclusion of both divalent cations and anions on account of aperture sieving by the compact zwitterion polymer that arises from its ability to limit the size of ions that transport through the polymer along with dielectric exclusion. The outcomes thereby inform new pathways to achieve size- and charge-based exclusion of ionic, molecular, and other species contained in liquid streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Aguilar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Steven Bustillos
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shuangmei Xue
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Chen-Hao Ji
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Wai H Mak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Ethan Rao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Brian T McVerry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Erika Callagon La Plante
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Institute for Carbon Management, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Dante Simonetti
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Institute for Carbon Management, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Institute for Carbon Management, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Richard B Kaner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Institute for Carbon Management, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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11
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Negative retention by the nanofiltration of aqueous biomass hydrolysates derived from wood pulping. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Freger V. Ion partitioning and permeation in charged low-T* membranes. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 277:102107. [PMID: 32000110 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Understanding ion transport in membrane materials is key to engineering and development of desalination and water purification technologies as well as electro-membrane applications. To date, modeling of ion transport has mainly relied on mean-field approaches, originally intended for weak inter-ionic interactions, i.e., high reduced temperature T*. This condition is violated in many membranes, which could explain disagreement between predicted trends and experiments. The paper highlights observed discrepancies and develops a new approach based on the concept of ion association, more adequate in the low-T⁎ limit. The new model addresses ion binding and mobility consistently within the same physical picture, applied to different types of single and mixed salts. The resulting relations show a significantly weaker connection between ion partitioning and permeability than the standard ones. Estimates using primitive model (PM) of ions in a homogeneous dielectric suggest that non-PM mechanisms, originating from the molecular structure of the ion-solvating environment, might enhance ion association in membranes. PM analysis also predicts that ion solvation and association must be rigidly related, yet non-PM effects may decouple these phenomena and allow a crossover to non-trivial regimes consistent with experiments and simulations. Despite the crude nature of the presented approach and some questions remaining open, it appears to explain most available experimental data and presents a step towards predictive modeling of ion-selective membrane separations in water-, environment- and energy-related applications.
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13
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Li C, Ma Y, Gu J, Zhi X, Li H, Peng G. A green separation mode of synephrine from Citrus aurantium L. (Rutaceae) by nanofiltration technology. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:4014-4020. [PMID: 31890181 PMCID: PMC6924331 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermal breakage of alkaloid ingredients was a common problem to which attention should be paid in the application of fruit ingredients separation. In this study, the mathematical models were established to predict the rejection of synephrine from Citrus aurantium L. (Rutaceae). The experiment showed that there was a linear relationship between operation pressure and membrane flux. Meanwhile, under the influence of solution-diffusion effect and the charge effect, the mass transfer coefficient was power functioned with initial concentration. The mathematical model showed that the predicted rejections of synephrine from Citrus aurantium extract were well approximate to real ones, and the lipid-lowering active ingredient had effectively enriched. The predicted model of nanofiltration separation has a preferable applicability to synephrine and provides references for nanofiltration separation, especially for raw food materials with synephrine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunyu Li
- College of PharmacyNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources IndustrializationNanjingChina
| | - Yun Ma
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Taizhou CityTaizhouChina
| | - Jiamei Gu
- College of PharmacyNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Xinglei Zhi
- College of PharmacyNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Hemin Li
- College of PharmacyNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Guoping Peng
- College of PharmacyNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources IndustrializationNanjingChina
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14
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Kaganovich M, Zhang W, Freger V, Bernstein R. Effect of the membrane exclusion mechanism on phosphate scaling during synthetic effluent desalination. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 161:381-391. [PMID: 31226537 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate scaling is one of the main limitations in effluent desalination using membranes. This may be overcome by tailoring membranes with lower rejection of the scalant ions. In this study, we systematically examined the use of negatively and positively charged membranes, rejecting ions mainly based on Donnan exclusion, as a low-scaling alternative to dielectric-exclusion-dominated polyamide NF membranes for effluent desalination. The two charged membranes exhibited a lower calcium and especially phosphate rejection than the polyamide membrane. Consequently, the calcium phosphate supersaturation and then the propensity to scaling of the charged membranes were much lower than the polyamide membrane. This also allowed filtering at a much higher recovery ratio with the charged membranes. It was also found that, despite the fact that the charged membranes had an opposite fixed charge, their scaling behavior was similar. Apparently, although these membranes showed opposite selectivity towards scalant ions (phosphate and calcium) in single salt solutions, the rejection pattern in mixed salt solutions resulted in similar saturation indices, much lower than for polyamide membrane. The scale formed on all three membranes was identified as amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), although its saturation index was lower than its solubility factor. This was explained by concentration polarization which increases the saturation index in the solution adjacent to the membrane surface. Tests in absence of permeate flux showed a much slower precipitation that took a few days compared with filtration conditions (few hours). In addition, under these conditions, the effect of the scaling on the membrane permeability was generally reduced and the scale contained crystalline calcium phosphate products, different from ACP. The results indicate that the ion rejection and resulting polarization next to the membrane surface plays a crucial role in scaling. Thus, tuning ion selectivity of NF membranes towards scalant ions presents a promising alternative for scaling mitigation during effluent desalination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Kaganovich
- Department of Desalination and Water Treatment, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus 84990, Israel
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Desalination and Water Treatment, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus 84990, Israel
| | - Viatcheslav Freger
- Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Roy Bernstein
- Department of Desalination and Water Treatment, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus 84990, Israel.
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15
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Cheng X, Pan Q, Liu T, Tan H, Liu W. Manipulating the separation performance of nanofiltration membranes by coating thickness of organic phase during interfacial polymerization. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cheng
- R & D Department of Bluestar (Hangzhou) Membrane Industries Co., Ltd., No. 50 Wenyi West Road Zhejiang 310012 Hangzhou China
| | - Qiaoming Pan
- R & D Department of Bluestar (Hangzhou) Membrane Industries Co., Ltd., No. 50 Wenyi West Road Zhejiang 310012 Hangzhou China
| | - Tao Liu
- R & D Department of Bluestar (Hangzhou) Membrane Industries Co., Ltd., No. 50 Wenyi West Road Zhejiang 310012 Hangzhou China
| | - Huifen Tan
- R & D Department of Bluestar (Hangzhou) Membrane Industries Co., Ltd., No. 50 Wenyi West Road Zhejiang 310012 Hangzhou China
| | - Wenchao Liu
- R & D Department of Bluestar (Hangzhou) Membrane Industries Co., Ltd., No. 50 Wenyi West Road Zhejiang 310012 Hangzhou China
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16
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Yaroshchuk A, Bruening ML, Zholkovskiy E. Modelling nanofiltration of electrolyte solutions. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 268:39-63. [PMID: 30951927 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This review critically examines current models for nanofiltration (NF) of electrolyte solutions. We start from linear irreversible thermodynamics, we derive a basic equation set for ion transfer in terms of gradients of ion electrochemical potentials and transmembrane volume flux. These equations are extended to the case of significant differences of thermodynamic forces across the membrane (continuous version of irreversible thermodynamics) and solved in quadratures for single salts and trace ions added to single salts in the case of macroscopically-homogeneous membranes. These solutions reduce to (quasi)analytical expressions in the popular Spiegler-Kedem approximation (composition-independent phenomenological coefficients), which we extend to the case of trace ions. This enables us to identify membrane properties (e.g. ion permeances, ion reflection coefficients, electrokinetic charge density) that control its performance in NF of multi-ion solutions. Further, we specify the phenomenological coefficients of irreversible thermodynamics in terms of ion partitioning, hindrance and diffusion coefficients for the model of straight cylindrical capillaries. The corresponding expressions enable assessment of the applicability of the popular nanopore model of NF. This model (based on the use of macroscopic approaches at nanoscale) leads to a number of trends that have never been observed experimentally. We also show that the use of the Born formula (frequently employed for the description of dielectric exclusion) hardly leads to meaningful values of solvent dielectric constant in membrane pores because this formula disregards the very solvent structure whose changes are supposed to bring about the reduction of dielectric permittivity in nanopores. We conclude that the effect should better be quantified in terms of ion excess solvation energies in the membrane phase. As an alternative to the nanopore description of NF, we review recent work on the development of an advanced engineering model for NF of multi-ion solutions in terms of a solution-diffusion-electromigration mechanism. This model (taking into account spontaneously arising transmembrane electric fields) captures several trends observed experimentally, and the use of trace ions can provide model parameters (ion permeances in the membrane) from experiment. We also consider a recent model (ultrathin barrier layers with deviations from local electroneutrality) that may reproduce observed feed-salt concentration dependences of membrane performance in terms of concentration-independent properties like excess ion solvation energies. Due to its complexity, practical modelling of nanofiltration will probably be performed with advanced engineering models for the foreseeable future. Although mechanistic studies are vital for understanding transport and developing membranes, future simulations in this area will likely need to depart from typical continuum models to provide physical insight. For enhancing the quality of modelling input, it is essential to improve the control of concentration polarization in membrane test cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Yaroshchuk
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Barcelona Tech, Spain.
| | - Merlin L Bruening
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Emiliy Zholkovskiy
- F.D.Ovcharenko Institute of Bio-Colloid Chemistry, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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17
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Yuan B, Li P, Sun H, Zhao S, Li P, Sun H, Niu QJ. Novel non-trimesoyl chloride based polyamide membrane with significantly reduced Ca2+ surface deposition density. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Atasoy M, Owusu-Agyeman I, Plaza E, Cetecioglu Z. Bio-based volatile fatty acid production and recovery from waste streams: Current status and future challenges. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 268:773-786. [PMID: 30030049 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Bio-based volatile fatty acid (VFA) production from waste-stream is getting attention due to increasing market demand and wide range usage area as well as its cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach. The aim of this paper is to give a comprehensive review of bio-based VFA production and recovery methods and to give an opinion on future research outlook. Effects of operation conditions including pH, temperature, retention time, type of substrate and mixed microbial cultures on VFA production and composition were reviewed. The recovery methods in terms of gas stripping with absorption, adsorption, solvent extraction, electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, and membrane contractor of VFA were evaluated. Furthermore, strategies to enhance bio-based VFA production and recovery from waste streams, specifically, in-line VFA recovery and bioaugmentation, which are currently not used in common practice, are seen as some of the approaches to enhance bio-based VFA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Atasoy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Isaac Owusu-Agyeman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elzbieta Plaza
- Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zeynep Cetecioglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
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19
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Déon S, Lam B, Fievet P. Application of a new dynamic transport model to predict the evolution of performances throughout the nanofiltration of single salt solutions in concentration and diafiltration modes. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 136:22-33. [PMID: 29494894 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although many knowledge models describing the rejection of ionic compounds by nanofiltration membranes are available in literature, they are all used in full recycling mode. Indeed, both permeate and retentate streams are recycled in order to maintain constant concentrations in the feed solution. However, nanofiltration of real effluents is implemented either in concentration or diafiltration modes, for which the permeate stream is collected. In these conditions, concentrations progressively evolve during filtration and classical models fail to predict performances. In this paper, an improvement of the so called "Donnan Steric Pore Model", which includes both volume and concentration variations over time is proposed. This dynamic model is used here to predict the evolution of volumes and concentrations in both permeate and retentate streams during the filtration of salt solutions. This model was found to predict accurately the filtration performances with various salts whether the filtration is performed in concentration or diafiltration modes. The parameters of the usual model can be easily assessed from full batch experiments before being used in the dynamic version. Nevertheless, it is also highlighted that the variation of the membrane charge due to the evolution of feed concentration over time has to be taken into account in the model through the use of adsorption isotherms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Déon
- Institut UTINAM (UMR CNRS 6213), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25030, Besançon cedex, France.
| | - Boukary Lam
- Institut UTINAM (UMR CNRS 6213), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25030, Besançon cedex, France
| | - Patrick Fievet
- Institut UTINAM (UMR CNRS 6213), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25030, Besançon cedex, France
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