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Rawindran H, Khoo KS, Ethiraj B, Lim JW, Liew CS, Goh PS, Raksasat R, Leong WH, Rajarathinam R, Ng HS, Tong WY, Alam MM. Environmental impact assessment via life cycle analysis on ultrafiltration membrane fabricated from polyethylene terephthalate waste to treat microalgal cultivation wastewater for reusability. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118687. [PMID: 38493853 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The current study had conducted the life cycle analysis (LCA) to assess the environmental impact of microalgal wastewater treatment via an integrated membrane bioreactor. The functional unit selected for this analysis was 1 kg of treated microalgal wastewater with contaminants eliminated by ultrafiltration membrane fabricated from recycled polyethylene terephthalate waste. Meanwhile, the applied system boundary in this study was distinguished based on two scenarios, namely, cradle-to-gate encompassed wastewater treatment only and cradle-to-cradle which included the reutilization of treated wastewater to cultivate microalgae again. The environmental impacts and hotspots associated with the different stages of the wastewater treatment process had clearly elucidated that membrane treatment had ensued the highest impact, followed by microalgal harvesting, and finally cultivation. Among the environmental impact categories, water-related impact was found to be prominent in the following series: freshwater ecotoxicity, freshwater eutrophication and marine ecotoxicity. Notably, the key performance indicator of all environmental impact, i.e., the global warming potential was found to be very much lower at 2.94 × 10-4 kg CO2 eq as opposed to other literatures reported on the LCA of wastewater treatments using membranes. Overall, this study had proffered insights into the environmental impact of microalgal wastewater treatment and its stimulus for sustainable wastewater management. The findings of this study can be instrumental in making informed decision for optimizing microalgal wastewater treatment and reutilization assisted by membrane technology with an ultimate goal of enhancing sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemamalini Rawindran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Baranitharan Ethiraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Jun Wei Lim
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia; Centre for Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Chin Seng Liew
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Pei Sean Goh
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Ratchaprapa Raksasat
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Wai Hong Leong
- Algal Bio Co. Ltd, Todai-Kashiwa Venture Plaza, 5-4-19 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-0082, Japan
| | - Ravikumar Rajarathinam
- Department of Biotechnology, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai, 600062, India
| | - Hui-Suan Ng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, 123 University Road, Section 3, Douliu, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan; College of Future, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, 123 University Road, Section 3, Douliu, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan
| | - Woei-Yenn Tong
- Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Institute of Medical Science Technology, A1-1, Jalan TKS 1, Taman Kajang Sentral, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohammad Mahtab Alam
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
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Wen Q, Liu B, Chen Z. Simultaneous recovery of vivianite and produce short-chain fatty acids from waste activated sludge using potassium ferrate as pre-oxidation treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 208:112661. [PMID: 35032543 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Recovery resources from waste active sludge (WAS) is an effective way to alleviate the predicament of WAS disposal, and it is also conducive to the carbon neutralization of wastewater treatment systems. This study discussed the strategy of WAS anaerobic fermentation after pre-oxidation with potassium ferrate (K2FeO4, PF), which can simultaneously recover vivianite and enhance SCFAs production. The results showed that PF pre-oxidation considerably shortened the fermentation time of SCFAs to 2 days, and the main Fe-P mineral was vivianite. The optimal PF dosage of 0.06 g Fe (VI)/g TSS for pre-oxidation WAS resulted in the maximum SCFAs production and vivianite recovery rate of 3698.2 ± 118.98 mg COD/g VSS and 32.39%, respectively. The mechanism analysis showed that the oxidizing properties of PF significantly accelerated the disintegration of tight EPS, release of protein and sludge acidification efficiency. Moreover, the PF strengthened the transfer of P to the solid phase, forming the Fe-P mineral and unsaturated coordination state of phosphate group. Then the key microorganism Geobacter reduced the Fe3+ in Fe-P state to Fe2+ and combined unsaturated phosphate to form vivianite. This study provides an alternative method for resource recovery and environmentally friendly disposal of WAS and contributes to the carbon neutrality of urban water systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinxue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Baozhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China.
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3
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Zhang Y, Shan C, Qian J, Pan B. Scenario oriented strategies for phosphorus management by using environmental nanotechnology. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2021.100720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Duan H, Zhang L, Wang Y, Liu Y, Wang Y. Phosphate removal from aqueous solution by Fe-La binary (hydr)oxides: characterizations and mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:62662-62676. [PMID: 34215980 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15127-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Fe-La binary (hydr)oxides were prepared by a co-precipitation method for phosphate removal. Various techniques, including secondary electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), powder X-ray diffraction (p-XRD), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, were employed to characterize the synthesized Fe-La binary (hydr)oxides. Batch experiments indicated that the performance of phosphate removal by Fe-La binary (hydr)oxides was excellent and increased with increasing the concentrations of La. The kinetics study showed that the adsorption was rapid and described better by the pseudo-second-order equation. The maximum adsorption capacities of Fe/La 3:1, Fe/La 1:1, and Fe/La 1:3 binary (hydr)oxides at pH 4.0 calculated by Langmuir model were 49.02, 69.44, and 136.99 mg/g, respectively. The uptake of phosphate was highly affected by solution pH and significantly reduced with the increase of pH value. The analyses of p-XRD, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggested that the predominant mechanisms of phosphate removal involved surface hydroxyl exchange reactions and co-precipitation of released La3+ and phosphate ions, which resulted into the formation of amorphous phase of rhabdophane (LaPO4·0.5H2O). The results show great potential for the application on the treatment of phosphate decontamination for their high efficiency of phosphate removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijing Duan
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions (Henan University), Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yulong Wang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions (Henan University), Kaifeng, 475004, China.
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Yanhong Liu
- College of Software, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions (Henan University), Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
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Yusuf A, Al Jitan S, Garlisi C, Palmisano G. A review of recent and emerging antimicrobial nanomaterials in wastewater treatment applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130440. [PMID: 33838416 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a critical review on antimicrobial nanomaterials with demonstrated potential for application as a disinfection technology in wastewater treatment. Studies involving fabrication and testing of antimicrobial nanomaterials for wastewater treatment were gathered, critically reviewed, and analyzed. Our review shows that there are only a few eligible candidate nanoparticles (NPs) (metal and metal oxide) that can adequately serve as an antimicrobial agent. Nanosilver (nAg) was the most studied and moderately understood metal NPs with proven antimicrobial activity followed by ZnO (among antimicrobial metal oxide NPs) which outperformed titania (in the absence of light) in efficacy due to its better solubility in aqueous condition. The direction of future work was found to be in the development of antimicrobial nanocomposites, since they provide more stability for antimicrobial metal and metal oxides NPs in water, thereby increasing their activity. This review will serve as an updated survey, yet touching also the fundamentals of the antimicrobial activity, with vital information for researchers planning to embark on the development of superior antimicrobial nanomaterials for wastewater treatment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Yusuf
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Research and Innovation Center on CO(2) and H(2), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Center for Membrane and Advanced Water Technology, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Samar Al Jitan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Research and Innovation Center on CO(2) and H(2), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Corrado Garlisi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Research and Innovation Center on CO(2) and H(2), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Giovanni Palmisano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Research and Innovation Center on CO(2) and H(2), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Center for Membrane and Advanced Water Technology, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Koh KY, Zhang S, Paul Chen J. Incorporation of lanthanum particles to polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane for specific phosphorus uptake: Method comparison and performance assessment. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 601:242-253. [PMID: 34082229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
It is known that phosphorus is a major contributor to the occurrence of eutrophication. As such, it is of importance to remove it from water. Nanofiltration (NF) has low phosphorus selectivity and requires a relatively high pressure to achieve the separation, though it is capable of removing phosphorus. In this paper, we report our findings of method development on fabrication and application of a lanthanum (La)-incorporated polyethersulfone (PES)/sulfonated polyphenylenesulfone membrane for phosphorus treatment. The performances of membranes fabricated by the in situ and ex situ methods were examined in a series of batch adsorption and dead-end filtration experiments. The membrane fabricated by the in situ method demonstrated higher adsorption capacity (48.0 mg/g), faster kinetics (equilibrium in 6 h) and higher water permeance (>100 LMH/bar), which outperformed that by the ex situ method. Furthermore, the PES/La (in situ) membrane showed a comparable phosphate removal with a much higher permeance (about 20 times) than the NF90 (a nanofiltration commercial membrane). Moreover, the multiple cycles of filtration study showed that the membrane was reused satisfactorily in treating low-phosphate contaminated water and meeting the stringent phosphate standard limit of 0.15 mg/L. The removal of phosphate by the membranes was attributed to the mechanisms of ion exchange and electrostatic attraction/complexation. The study reported here provides a better approach in fabrication of functionalized membrane for water treatment, such as phosphate removal in either batch adsorption or membrane filtration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok Yuen Koh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260, Singapore
| | - Sui Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
| | - J Paul Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260, Singapore.
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Ren Y, Ma Y, Min G, Zhang W, Lv L, Zhang W. A mini review of multifunctional ultrafiltration membranes for wastewater decontamination: Additional functions of adsorption and catalytic oxidation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 762:143083. [PMID: 33162134 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional ultrafiltration membranes, which achieve ultrafiltration and additional functions in one unit, are a new strategy developed in recent years for wastewater treatment. In this mini review, we summarized and commented on the development of adsorptive and catalytically oxidative multifunctional ultrafiltration membranes, as well as pointed out possible further trends. The main methods for membrane preparation, i.e., blending, surface coating, reverse filtration, etc., were summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method were discussed. In addition, the key criteria which influence the performance of membranes, including the efficiency of additional functions, original ultrafiltration, permeance, and stability, were analyzed. Furthermore, we introduced the applications of different classes of multifunctional ultrafiltration membranes, and tried to further analyzed some examples of multifunctional ultrafiltration membranes used for adsorption and catalytic oxidation. The most significant advantage of this technology is the high efficiency for the simultaneous removal of different kinds of pollutants or for the removal of one kind of pollutant during the deep treatment of multicomponent wastewater. However, some challenges still oppose the practical application of multifunctional ultrafiltration. We believe that breaking the trade-off between the high efficiency of additional functions and high flux, strengthening the stability of the membranes, achieving synergistic effects between multi-effect functions, and investigating the interaction mechanisms between active materials and the membrane are key points for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yulong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guangyu Min
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lu Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Research Center for Environmental Nanotechnology (ReCENT), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weiming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Research Center for Environmental Nanotechnology (ReCENT), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Organic Chemical Wastewater Treatment and Resource Reuse, Nanjing 210046, China.
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9
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Zhang Y, Akindolie MS, Tian X, Wu B, Hu Q, Jiang Z, Wang L, Tao Y, Cao B, Qu J. Enhanced phosphate scavenging with effective recovery by magnetic porous biochar supported La(OH) 3: Kinetics, isotherms, mechanisms and applications for water and real wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 319:124232. [PMID: 33254456 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Herein, La(OH)3 decorated magnetic porous biochar (MPBC) was synthesized via KHCO3 activation and hydrothermal processes. The La-to-MPBC mass ratio of 3:1 described as La3-MPBC possessed a monolayer phosphate adsorption capacity of 116.08 mg/g across a pH range of 3.0-6.0 with fast attainment of adsorption equilibrium in 150 min. Moreover, the phosphate adsorption was substantially stable during the interference of various co-existing ions with over 92% of phosphate removal and 77% of desorption efficiency maintained after four recycles. And La3-MPBC was easily separated by magnet force with negligible La and Fe leakages within the pH range of 3.0-10.0. Furthermore, La3-MPBC was supported to achieve phosphate binding through the synergistic actions of electrostatic attraction, ligand exchange, inner-sphere complexation and weak precipitation. Significantly, La3-MPBC exhibited a high performance for decontaminating low-concentration phosphate to meet regulatory requirements. All these results suggested La3-MPBC to be an ideal candidate for phosphate removal in real applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Modupe Sarah Akindolie
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xue Tian
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bin Wu
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Qi Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhao Jiang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yue Tao
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bo Cao
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jianhua Qu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Castro-Muñoz R. The Role of New Inorganic Materials in Composite Membranes for Water Disinfection. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:E101. [PMID: 32422940 PMCID: PMC7281186 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10050101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Today, there is an increasing interest in improving the physicochemical properties of polymeric membranes by merging the membranes with different inorganic materials. These so-called composite membranes have been implemented in different membrane-based technologies (e.g., microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, membrane bioreactors, among others) for water treatment and disinfection. This is because such inorganic materials (such as TiO2-, ZnO-, Ag-, and Cu-based nanoparticles, carbon-based materials, to mention just a few) can improve the separation performance of membranes and also some other properties, such as antifouling, mechanical, thermal, and physical and chemical stability. Moreover, such materials display specific biological activity towards viruses, bacteria, and protozoa, showing enhanced water disinfection properties. Therefore, the aim of this review is to collect the latest advances (in the last five years) in using composite membranes and new hybrid materials for water disinfection, paying particular emphasis on relevant results and new hydride composites together with their preparation protocols. Moreover, this review addresses the main mechanism of action of different conventional and novel inorganic materials toward biologically active matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Castro-Muñoz
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Toluca. Avenida Eduardo Monroy Cárdenas 2000 San Antonio Buenavista, 50110 Toluca de Lerdo, Mexico
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