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Nifant’ev I, Shlyakhtin A, Bagrov V, Shaputkin E, Tavtorkin A, Ivchenko P. Functionalized Biodegradable Polymers via Termination of Ring-Opening Polymerization by Acyl Chlorides. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13060868. [PMID: 33799797 PMCID: PMC8002085 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aliphatic polyesters are an important class of polymeric materials for biomedical applications due to their versatile and tunable chemistry, biocompatibility and biodegradability. A capability of direct bonding with biomedically significant molecules, provided by the presence of the reactive end functional groups (FGs), is highly desirable for prospective polymers. Among FGs, N-hydroxysuccinimidyl activated ester group (NHS) and maleimide fragment (MI) provide efficient covalent bonding with -NH- and -SH containing compounds. In our study, we found that NHS- and MI-derived acyl chlorides efficiently terminate living ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone, L-lactide, ethyl ethylene phosphonate and ethyl ethylene phosphate, catalyzed by 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenoxy magnesium complex, with a formation of NHS- and MI-functionalized polymers at a high yields. Reactivity of these polymers towards amine- and thiol-containing model substrates in organic and aqueous media was also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Nifant’ev
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (V.B.); (E.S.); (P.I.)
- Laboratory of Organometallic Catalysis, A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Faculty of Chemistry, National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Miasnitskaya Str., 101000 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-4959-394-098
| | - Andrey Shlyakhtin
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (V.B.); (E.S.); (P.I.)
| | - Vladimir Bagrov
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (V.B.); (E.S.); (P.I.)
| | - Evgeny Shaputkin
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (V.B.); (E.S.); (P.I.)
| | - Alexander Tavtorkin
- Laboratory of Organometallic Catalysis, A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Pavel Ivchenko
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (V.B.); (E.S.); (P.I.)
- Laboratory of Organometallic Catalysis, A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia;
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Nifant'ev IE, Shlyakhtin AV, Bagrov VV, Tavtorkin AN, Ilyin SO, Gavrilov DE, Ivchenko PV. Cyclic ethylene phosphates with (CH 2) nCOOR and CH 2CONMe 2 substituents: synthesis and mechanistic insights of diverse reactivity in aryloxy-Mg complex-catalyzed (co)polymerization. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01277k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Herein we present a comparative study of the reactivity of ethylene phosphates with –O(CH2)nCOOMe (n = 1–3, 5), –CH2COOtBu, –OCHMeCOOMe, and –OCH2CONMe2 substituents in BHT-Mg catalyzed ROP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya E. Nifant'ev
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey V. Shlyakhtin
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir V. Bagrov
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander N. Tavtorkin
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey O. Ilyin
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry E. Gavrilov
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel V. Ivchenko
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Nifant’ev I, Siniavin A, Karamov E, Kosarev M, Kovalchuk S, Turgiev A, Nametkin S, Bagrov V, Tavtorkin A, Ivchenko P. A New Approach to Developing Long-Acting Injectable Formulations of Anti-HIV Drugs: Poly(Ethylene Phosphoric Acid) Block Copolymers Increase the Efficiency of Tenofovir against HIV-1 in MT-4 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010340. [PMID: 33396968 PMCID: PMC7795142 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the world’s combined efforts, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent of AIDS, remains one of the world’s most serious public health challenges. High genetic variability of HIV complicates the development of anti-HIV vaccine, and there is an actual clinical need for increasing the efficiency of anti-HIV drugs in terms of targeted delivery and controlled release. Tenofovir (TFV), a nucleotide-analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor, has gained wide acceptance as a drug for pre-exposure prophylaxis or treatment of HIV infection. In our study, we explored the potential of tenofovir disoproxil (TFD) adducts with block copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether and poly(ethylene phosphoric acid) (mPEG-b-PEPA) as candidates for developing a long-acting/controlled-release formulation of TFV. Two types of mPEG-b-PEPA with numbers of ethylene phosphoric acid (EPA) fragments of 13 and 49 were synthesized by catalytic ring-opening polymerization, and used for preparing four types of adducts with TFD. Antiviral activity of [mPEG-b-PEPA]TFD or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) was evaluated using the model of experimental HIV infection in vitro (MT-4/HIV-1IIIB). Judging by the values of the selectivity index (SI), TFD exhibited an up to 14-fold higher anti-HIV activity in the form of mPEG-b-PEPA adducts, thus demonstrating significant promise for further development of long-acting/controlled-release injectable TFV formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Nifant’ev
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (S.N.); (V.B.); (P.I.)
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Faculty of Chemistry, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Miasnitskaya Str. 20, 101000 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-495-939-4098
| | - Andrei Siniavin
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology MHRF, 18 Gamaleya Str., 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (E.K.); (A.T.)
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Eduard Karamov
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology MHRF, 18 Gamaleya Str., 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (E.K.); (A.T.)
| | - Maxim Kosarev
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (S.N.); (V.B.); (P.I.)
| | - Sergey Kovalchuk
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ali Turgiev
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology MHRF, 18 Gamaleya Str., 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (E.K.); (A.T.)
| | - Sergey Nametkin
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (S.N.); (V.B.); (P.I.)
| | - Vladimir Bagrov
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (S.N.); (V.B.); (P.I.)
| | - Alexander Tavtorkin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Pavel Ivchenko
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (S.N.); (V.B.); (P.I.)
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia;
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Nifant’ev I, Shlyakhtin A, Komarov P, Tavtorkin A, Kananykhina E, Elchaninov A, Vishnyakova P, Fatkhudinov T, Ivchenko P. In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Biodegradability and Biocompatibility of Poly(εCL)- b-Poly(EtOEP)-Based Films. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3039. [PMID: 33353096 PMCID: PMC7766882 DOI: 10.3390/polym12123039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The control of surface bioadhesive properties of the subcutaneous implants is essential for the development of biosensors and controlled drug release devices. Poly(alkyl ethylene phosphate)-based (co)polymers are structurally versatile, biocompatible and biodegradable, and may be regarded as an alternative to poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) copolymers in the creation of antiadhesive materials. The present work reports the synthesis of block copolymers of ε-caprolactone (εCL) and 2-ethoxy-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane-2-oxide (ethyl ethylene phosphate, EtOEP) with different content of EtOEP fragments, preparation of polymer films, and the results of the study of the impact of EtOEP/εCL ratio on the hydrophilicity (contact angle of wetting), hydrolytic stability, cytotoxicity, protein and cell adhesion, and cell proliferation using umbilical cord multipotent stem cells. It was found that the increase of EtOEP/εCL ratio results in increase of hydrophilicity of the polymer films with lowering of the protein and cell adhesion. MTT cytotoxicity test showed no significant deviations in toxicity of poly(εCL) and poly(εCL)-b-poly(EtOEP)-based films. The influence of the length of poly(EtOEP)chain in block-copolymers on fibrotic reactions was analyzed using subcutaneous implantation experiments (Wistar line rats), the increase of the width of the fibrous capsule correlated with higher EtOEP/εCL ratio. However, the copolymer-based film with highest content of polyphosphate had been subjected to faster degradation with a formation of developed contact surface of poly(εCL). The rate of the degradation of polyphosphate in vivo was significantly higher than the rate of the degradation of polyphosphate in vitro, which only confirms an objective value of in vivo experiments in the development of polymer materials for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Nifant’ev
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (P.I.)
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (P.K.); (A.T.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Miasnitskaya Str., 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Shlyakhtin
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (P.I.)
| | - Pavel Komarov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (P.K.); (A.T.)
| | - Alexander Tavtorkin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (P.K.); (A.T.)
| | - Evgeniya Kananykhina
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy St., 117418 Moscow, Russia; (E.K.); (T.F.)
| | - Andrey Elchaninov
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Str., 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.E.); (P.V.)
| | - Polina Vishnyakova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Str., 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.E.); (P.V.)
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy St., 117418 Moscow, Russia; (E.K.); (T.F.)
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho‐Maklaya 6 Str., 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Ivchenko
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (P.I.)
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (P.K.); (A.T.)
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Nifant'ev I, Shlyakhtin A, Kosarev M, Gavrilov D, Karchevsky S, Ivchenko P. DFT Visualization and Experimental Evidence of BHT-Mg-Catalyzed Copolymerization of Lactides, Lactones and Ethylene Phosphates. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1641. [PMID: 31658688 PMCID: PMC6836241 DOI: 10.3390/polym11101641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalytic ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic esters (lactides, lactones) and cyclic ethylene phosphates is an effective way to process materials with regulated hydrophilicity and controlled biodegradability. Random copolymers of cyclic monomers of different chemical nature are highly attractive due to their high variability of characteristics. Aryloxy-alkoxy complexes of non-toxic metals such as derivatives of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenoxy magnesium (BHT-Mg) complexes are effective coordination catalysts for homopolymerization of all types of traditional ROP monomers. In the present paper, we report the results of density functional theory (DFT) modeling of BHT-Mg-catalyzed copolymerization for lactone/lactide, lactone/ethylene phosphate and lactide/ethylene phosphate mixtures. ε-Caprolactone (ε-CL), l-lactide (l-LA) and methyl ethylene phosphate (MeOEP) were used as examples of monomers in DFT simulations by the Gaussian-09 program package with the B3PW91/DGTZVP basis set. Both binuclear and mononuclear reaction mechanistic concepts have been applied for the calculations of the reaction profiles. The results of calculations predict the possibility of the formation of random copolymers based on l-LA/MeOEP, and substantial hindrance of copolymerization for ε-CL/l-LA and ε-CL/MeOEP pairs. From the mechanistic point of view, the formation of highly stable five-membered chelate by the products of l-LA ring-opening and high donor properties of phosphates are the key factors that rule the reactions. The results of DFT modeling have been confirmed by copolymerization experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Nifant'ev
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Andrey Shlyakhtin
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Maxim Kosarev
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Dmitry Gavrilov
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Stanislav Karchevsky
- Joint-stock company "Institute of petroleum refining and petrochemistry", 12 Iniciativnaya Str., 450065 Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia.
| | - Pavel Ivchenko
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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Ultrafast hydrolytic degradation of 2,3-dihydroxypropyl functionalized poly(ethylene phosphates). MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Nifant'ev IE, Shlyakhtin AV, Tavtorkin AN, Kosarev MA, Gavrilov DE, Komarov PD, Ilyin SO, Karchevsky SG, Ivchenko PV. Mechanistic study of transesterification in TBD-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of methyl ethylene phosphate. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Mankaev BN, Zaitsev KV, Zaitseva GS, Churakov AV, Egorov MP, Karlov SS. Sterically hindered tetrylenes based on new 1,10-phenanthroline-containing diols: initiators for ε-caprolactone polymerization. Russ Chem Bull 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-019-2396-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Nifant'ev I, Shlyakhtin A, Kosarev M, Karchevsky S, Ivchenko P. Mechanistic Insights of BHT-Mg-Catalyzed Ethylene Phosphate's Coordination Ring-Opening Polymerization: DFT Modeling and Experimental Data. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10101105. [PMID: 30961030 PMCID: PMC6403938 DOI: 10.3390/polym10101105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ethylene phosphates) are promising polymers for use in biomedical applications. Catalytic ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic ethylene phosphate monomers (CEPMs) is the most effective approach for obtaining these polymers. The mechanism of coordination ROP of CEPMs remains unclear. We report, for the first time, the results of DFT modeling of CEPM ROP. In these calculations by Gaussian-09 program package with the B3PW91/DGTZVP basis set, we explored methyl ethylene phosphate (MeOEP) ROP catalyzed by dimeric and monomeric catalytic species derived from heteroleptic complex [(BHT)Mg(μ-OBn)(THF)]₂ (Mg1, BHT = 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenolate). Analysis of the reaction profiles for the binuclear and mononuclear reaction mechanisms allowed us to conclude that the ROP of MeOEP is preferentially catalyzed by mononuclear Mg complexes. This estimation was confirmed by comparative polymerization experiments using MeOEP and traditional monomers ε-caprolactone (εCL), racemic lactide (rac-LA), and l-lactide (l-LA) initiated by Mg1. ROP of MeOEP proceeds at an extremely high rate due to the substantially lower activation barrier calculated for mononuclear mechanism in comparison with that of cyclic esters that polymerize without the dissociation of BHT-Mg binuclear species. We also demonstrated the use of MeOEP as a "monomerization" agent in the synthesis of MeOEP-lactide block copolymers. Comparison of the multiple acceleration of l-LA ROP after MeOEP prepolymerization and formation of atactic PLA blocks in rac-LA polymerization with the heterotactic PLA formation during Mg1-catalyzed homopolymerization also confirmed the mononuclear nature of the polyphosphate-containing catalytic particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Nifant'ev
- M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Department, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia.
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Andrey Shlyakhtin
- M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Department, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Maxim Kosarev
- M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Department, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Stanislav Karchevsky
- Joint-stock company "Institute of petroleum refining and petrochemistry", 12 Iniciativnaya Str., Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan 450065, Russia.
| | - Pavel Ivchenko
- M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Department, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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Minyaev ME, Nifant'ev IE, Shlyakhtin AV, Ivchenko PV, Lyssenko KA. Phenoxide and alkoxide complexes of Mg, Al and Zn, and their use for the ring-opening polymerization of ℇ-caprolactone with initiators of different natures. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2018; 74:548-557. [PMID: 29726463 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229618005090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A new packing polymorph of bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenolato-κO)bis(tetrahydrofuran-κO)magnesium, [Mg(C15H23O)2(C4H8O)2] or Mg(BHT)2(THF)2, (BHT is the 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenoxide anion and THF is tetrahydrofuran), (1), has the same space group (P21) as the previously reported modification [Nifant'ev et al. (2017d). Dalton Trans. 46, 12132-12146], but contains three crystallographically independent molecules instead of one. The structure of (1) exhibits rotational disorder of the tert-butyl groups and positional disorder of a THF ligand. The complex of bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenolato-κO)bis(μ2-ethyl glycolato-κ2O,O':κO)dimethyldialuminium, [Al2(CH3)2(C4H7O3)2(C15H23O)2] or [(BHT)AlMe(OCH2COOEt)]2, (2), is a dimer located on an inversion centre and has an Al2O2 rhomboid core. The 2-ethoxy-2-oxoethanolate ligand (OCH2COOEt) displays a μ2-κ2O,O':κO semi-bridging coordination mode, forming a five-membered heteronuclear Al-O-C-C-O ring. The same ligand exhibits positional disorder of the terminal methyl group. The redetermined structure of the heptanuclear complex octakis(μ3-benzyloxo-κO:κO:κO)hexaethylheptazinc, [Zn7(C2H5)6(C7H7O)8] or [Zn7(OCH2Ph)8Et6], (3), possesses a bicubic Zn7O8 core located at an inversion centre and demonstrates positional disorder of one crystallographically independent phenyl group. Cambridge Structural Database surveys are given for complexes structurally analogous to (2) and (3). Complexes (2) and (3), as well as derivatives of (1), are of interest as catalysts for the ring-opening polymerization of ℇ-caprolactone, and polymerization results are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail E Minyaev
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya E Nifant'ev
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey V Shlyakhtin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel V Ivchenko
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin A Lyssenko
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova Str., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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