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English CJ, Jones M, Lohning AE, Mayr HL, MacLaughlin H, Reidlinger DP. Associations between healthy food groups and platelet-activating factor, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A 2 and C-reactive protein: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:445-460. [PMID: 38063929 PMCID: PMC10899352 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03277-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the association between pro-inflammatory markers platelet-activating factor (PAF), lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), hsCRP, and intake of core food groups including fruit, cruciferous and other vegetables, grains, meat and poultry, fish and seafood, nuts and legumes, and dairy. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted. 100 adults (49 ± 13 years, 31% male) with variable cardiovascular disease risk were recruited. Data were collected in 2021 and 2022. Fasting PAF, Lp-PLA2 activity, hsCRP and usual dietary intake (via a validated food frequency questionnaire) were measured. Intake of foods were converted into serves and classified into food groups. Correlations and multiple regressions were performed with adjustment for confounders. RESULTS A one-serve increase in cruciferous vegetables per day was associated with 20-24% lower PAF levels. An increase of one serve per day of nuts and legumes was associated with 40% lower hsCRP levels. There were small correlations with PAF and Lp-PLA2 and cheese, however, these were not significant at the Bonferroni-adjusted P < 0.005 level. CONCLUSION The lack of associations between PAF and Lp-PLA2 and other healthy foods may be due to confounding by COVID-19 infection and vaccination programs which prevents any firm conclusion on the relationship between PAF, Lp-PLA2 and food groups. Future research should aim to examine the relationship with these novel markers and healthy food groups in a non-pandemic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn J English
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia
| | - Mark Jones
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Institute of Evidence-Based Healthcare, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia
| | - Anna E Lohning
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia
| | - Hannah L Mayr
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Functioning and Health Research, Metro South Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Helen MacLaughlin
- Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Nutrition Research Collaborative, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dianne P Reidlinger
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia.
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Katsa ME, Ketselidi K, Kalliostra M, Ioannidis A, Rojas Gil AP, Diamantakos P, Melliou E, Magiatis P, Nomikos T. Acute Antiplatelet Effects of an Oleocanthal-Rich Olive Oil in Type II Diabetic Patients: A Postprandial Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:908. [PMID: 38255980 PMCID: PMC10815739 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Postprandial dysmetabolism is a common entity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and may act as a daily stressor of the already dysfunctional diabetic platelets. This study aims to investigate whether oleocanthal-rich olive oils (OO), incorporated into a carbohydrate-rich meal, can affect postprandial dysmetabolism and platelet aggregation. Oleocanthal is a cyclooxygenase inhibitor with putative antiplatelet properties. In this randomized, single-blinded, crossover study, ten T2DM patients consumed five isocaloric meals containing 120 g white bread combined with: (i) 39 g butter, (ii) 39 g butter and 400 mg ibuprofen, (iii) 40 mL OO (phenolic content < 10 mg/Kg), (iv) 40 mL OO with 250 mg/Kg oleocanthal and (v) 40 mL OO with 500 mg/Kg oleocanthal. Metabolic markers along with ex vivo ADP- and thrombin receptor-activating peptide (TRAP)-induced platelet aggregation were measured before and for 4 h after the meals. The glycemic and lipidemic response was similar between meals. However, a sustained (90-240 min) dose-dependent reduction in platelets' sensitivity to both ADP (50-100%) and TRAP (20-50%) was observed after the oleocanthal meals in comparison to OO or butter meals. The antiplatelet effect of the OO containing 500 mg/Kg oleocanthal was comparable to that of the ibuprofen meal. In conclusion, the consumption of meals containing oleocanthal-rich OO can reduce platelet activity during the postprandial period, irrespective of postprandial hyperglycemia and lipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Efthymia Katsa
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, GR-17676 Athens, Greece; (M.E.K.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Kleopatra Ketselidi
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, GR-17676 Athens, Greece; (M.E.K.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Marianna Kalliostra
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, GR-17676 Athens, Greece; (M.E.K.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Anastasios Ioannidis
- Laboratory of Biology and Biochemistry, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, GR-22100 Tripoli, Greece; (A.I.); (A.P.R.G.)
| | - Andrea Paola Rojas Gil
- Laboratory of Biology and Biochemistry, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, GR-22100 Tripoli, Greece; (A.I.); (A.P.R.G.)
| | - Panagiotis Diamantakos
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-15774 Athens, Greece; (P.D.); (E.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Eleni Melliou
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-15774 Athens, Greece; (P.D.); (E.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Prokopios Magiatis
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-15774 Athens, Greece; (P.D.); (E.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Tzortzis Nomikos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, GR-17676 Athens, Greece; (M.E.K.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
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Xiao Y, Zhang X, Yi D, Qiu F, Wu L, Tang Y, Wang N. Mediterranean diet affects the metabolic outcome of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1225946. [PMID: 37899839 PMCID: PMC10602910 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1225946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is on the rise globally. It is currently one of the most prevalent liver diseases and one of the world's important public health problems. At present, there is no consensus on a pharmacological treatment for MAFLD. By contrast, lifestyle interventions based on exercise and a balanced diet are considered to be the cornerstone of MAFLD management. Mediterranean diet (MD) have a large content of polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, oleic acid, carotenoids and fiber, which carry out antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial benefits. It has been considered to reduce the incidence rate of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this narrative review is therefore to summarize and analyze the evidence for the effect of MD on metabolic outcomes in MAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Xiao
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Bishan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- The Second People’s Hospital of Dalian, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Dongxin Yi
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Fangyi Qiu
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyong Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Ningning Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Global Health Research Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Detopoulou P, Damigou E, Antonopoulou S, Fragopoulou E, Chysohoou C, Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos D. Food Compass Score and its association with inflammatory markers and homocysteine in cardiovascular disease-free adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the ATTICA epidemiological study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023; 77:998-1004. [PMID: 37400562 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-023-01300-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Several nutrient profiling systems have been developed to assist in food choices and policy. Food Compass Score (FCS) is a novel holistic food score assessing 54 parameters. The aim was to assess the relation of FCS with inflammatory and lipid markers in cardiovascular disease-free volunteers. SUBJECTS/METHODS Information from the ATTICA epidemiological study participants, with complete data on lipid, inflammatory markers and dietary intake were studied (n = 1018). C-reactive protein (CRP) and amyloid A were determined by immunonephelometry, fibrinogen by nephelometry, homocysteine by fluorometry, while tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-6 (IL-6), adiponectin and leptin were determined by ELISA in fasting blood samples. Dietary intake was assessed through a semi-quantitative validated food frequency questionnaire. Each food was assigned a FCS value from the published values and then individual's FCS values were calculated. RESULTS Mean FCS was 56 (standard deviation: 5.7) and it was similar in men and women. FCS was inversely correlated with age (r = -0.06, p = 0.03). In multiple linear regression models, FCS was inversely associated with CRP (-0.03, 0.01), TNF-a (-0.04, 0.01), amyloid A (-0.10, 0.04) and homocysteine (-0.09, 0.04) (b coefficients, standard errors, all p < 0.05) and was not associated with IL-6, fibrinogen, adiponectin, leptin, or lipids levels (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The inverse correlations of the FCS with inflammatory markers suggest that a diet containing foods with high FCS might be protective against inflammation process. Our results support the usefulness of the FCS, but future studies should evaluate its relation to cardiovascular and other inflammation-related chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Detopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Damigou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Smaragdi Antonopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Elizabeth Fragopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Chysohoou
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Pitsavos
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
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Detopoulou P, Panoutsopoulos GI, Mantoglou M, Michailidis P, Pantazi I, Papadopoulos S, Rojas Gil AP. Relation of Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) with Cancer: A Systematic Review with a Focus on Disease Outcome on Twelve Types of Cancer. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:3391-3420. [PMID: 36975471 PMCID: PMC10047416 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30030258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory proteins activate platelets, which have been observed to be directly related to cancer progression and development. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the possible association between Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) and cancer (diagnostic capacity of MPV, relation to survival, the severity of the disease, and metastasis). A literature review was performed in the online database PubMed and Google Scholar for the period of 2010–2022. In total, 83 studies including 21,034 participants with 12 different types of cancer (i.e., gastric cancer, colon cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, renal cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, thyroid cancer, lung cancer, bladder cancer, gallbladder cancer, and multiple myeloma) were identified. The role of MPV has been extensively investigated in several types of cancer, such as gastric, colon, breast, and lung cancer, while few data exist for other types, such as renal, gallbladder cancer, and multiple myeloma. Most studies in gastric, breast, endometrium, thyroid, and lung cancer documented an elevated MPV in cancer patients. Data were less clear-cut for esophageal, ovarian, and colon cancer, while reduced MPV was observed in renal cell carcinoma and gallbladder cancer. Several studies on colon cancer (4 out of 6) and fewer on lung cancer (4 out of 10) indicated an unfavorable role of increased MPV regarding mortality. As far as other cancer types are concerned, fewer studies were conducted. MPV can be used as a potential biomarker in cancer diagnosis and could be a useful tool for the optimization of treatment strategies. Possible underlying mechanisms between cancer and MPV are discussed. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the exact role of MPV in cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Detopoulou
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, General Hospital Korgialenio Benakio, Athanassaki 2, 11526 Athens, Greece
| | - George I. Panoutsopoulos
- Department of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, New Building, Antikalamos, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Marina Mantoglou
- Laboratory of Basic Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, 22100 Tripoli, Greece
| | - Periklis Michailidis
- Laboratory of Basic Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, 22100 Tripoli, Greece
| | - Ifigenia Pantazi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, General Hospital Korgialenio Benakio, Athanassaki 2, 11526 Athens, Greece
| | - Spyros Papadopoulos
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, General Hospital Korgialenio Benakio, Athanassaki 2, 11526 Athens, Greece
| | - Andrea Paola Rojas Gil
- Laboratory of Basic Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, 22100 Tripoli, Greece
- Correspondence:
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Mediterranean Diet and Sarcopenia Features in Apparently Healthy Adults over 65 Years: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051104. [PMID: 36904104 PMCID: PMC10005300 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Low muscle mass combined with changes in physical function and muscle quality is defined as sarcopenia. In people > 60 years, sarcopenia reaches 10% and tends to increase with age. Individual nutrients, such as protein, may have a protective role against sarcopenia, but recent evidence suggests that protein alone has been ineffective in increasing muscle strength. Dietary patterns, instead, with a high "anti-inflammatory" potential, such as the Mediterranean dietary pattern, have been considered as an emerging dietary remedy against sarcopenia. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the role of Mediterranean diet in sarcopenia prevention and/or improvement, including recent data, in healthy elders. We searched published studies about sarcopenia and the Mediterranean diet until December 2022 in Pubmed, Cochrane, Scopus search engine and grey literature. In total, ten articles were identified as relevant: four cross-sectional studies and six prospective. No clinical trial was identified. Only three studies assessed sarcopenia presence and four measured muscle mass, which is an essential criterion in sarcopenia diagnosis. Mediterranean diet adherence had, in general, a positive role in muscle mass and muscle function, while the results were less clear with regard to muscle strength. Additionally, there was no evidence of a positive effect of the Mediterranean diet on sarcopenia. There is a need for conduction of clinical trials in order to reach cause-effects conclusions regarding the importance of the Mediterranean diet in sarcopenia prevention and management in Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean populations.
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Accogli R, Tomaselli V, Direnzo P, Perrino EV, Albanese G, Urbano M, Laghetti G. Edible Halophytes and Halo-Tolerant Species in Apulia Region (Southeastern Italy): Biogeography, Traditional Food Use and Potential Sustainable Crops. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12030549. [PMID: 36771632 PMCID: PMC9921767 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean basin is rich in wild edible species which have been used for food and medicinal purposes by humans throughout the centuries. Many of these species can be found near coastal areas and usually grow under saline conditions, while others can adapt in various harsh conditions including high salinity. Many of these species have a long history of gathering from the wild as a source of food. The aim of this contribution is an overview on the most important halophyte species (Salicornia sp. pl., Arthrocaulon macrostachyum (Moric.) Piirainen & G. Kadereit, Soda inermis Fourr., Cakile maritima Scop., Crithmum maritimum L., Reichardia picroides (L.) Roth., Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke subsp. tenoreana (Colla) Soldano & F. Conti, Allium commutatum Guss., Beta vulgaris L. subsp. maritima (L.) Arcang., Capparis spinosa L.) that traditionally have been gathered by rural communities in southern Italy, with special interest on their ecology and distribution, traditional uses, medicinal properties, marketing and early attempts of cultivation. It is worth noting that these species have an attractive new cash crop for marsh marginal lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Accogli
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), Salento University, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Valeria Tomaselli
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Paolo Direnzo
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Enrico Vito Perrino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
- CIHEAM, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari, Via Ceglie 9, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Albanese
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Marcella Urbano
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Gaetano Laghetti
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy
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English CJ, Mayr HL, Lohning AE, Reidlinger DP. The association between dietary patterns and the novel inflammatory markers platelet-activating factor and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2: a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2022; 80:1371-1391. [PMID: 34651191 PMCID: PMC9086773 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Atherosclerosis is a disease of chronic inflammation. Recent research has identified 2 novel inflammatory biomarkers: platelet-activating factor (PAF) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2). Diet has been proposed as a mediator of inflammation, but to date, the focus for these novel biomarkers has been on individual foods and nutrients rather than overall dietary patterns. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the literature on the association between dietary patterns and PAF and Lp-PLA2. DATA SOURCES The PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane CENTRAL literature databases were searched. DATA ANALYSIS Study quality was evaluated using the Quality Criteria Checklist. Sixteen studies (n = 4 observational and n = 12 interventional) were included and assessed for associations between dietary patterns and PAF and Lp-PLA2. CONCLUSION Study quality varied from neutral (n = 10) to positive (n = 6). Mediterranean, heart healthy, and vegetarian dietary patterns were associated with improved levels of PAF and Lp-PLA2. Conversely, Western dietary patterns were less favorable. A range of well-established, healthier dietary patterns may lower inflammation and the risk of atherosclerosis. More well-designed studies are needed to confirm these findings and identify other dietary patterns that improve inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn J English
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hannah L Mayr
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina , Queensland, Australia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anna E Lohning
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dianne P Reidlinger
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia
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Cao L, Zhang Y, Mi J, Shi Z, Fang Z, Jia D, Pan Z, Peng P. α-Hederin inhibits the platelet activating factor-induced metastasis of HCC cells through disruption of PAF/PTAFR axis cascaded STAT3/MMP-2 expression. Pharmacol Res 2022; 178:106180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Detopoulou P, Demopoulos CA, Antonopoulou S. Micronutrients, Phytochemicals and Mediterranean Diet: A Potential Protective Role against COVID-19 through Modulation of PAF Actions and Metabolism. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020462. [PMID: 33573169 PMCID: PMC7911163 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an emerging situation with high rates of morbidity and mortality, in the pathophysiology of which inflammation and thrombosis are implicated. The disease is directly connected to the nutritional status of patients and a well-balanced diet is recommended by official sources. Recently, the role of platelet activating factor (PAF) was suggested in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. In the present review several micronutrients (vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin D, selenium, omega-3 fatty acids, and minerals), phytochemicals and Mediterranean diet compounds with potential anti-COVID activity are presented. We further underline that the well-known anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic actions of the investigated nutrients and/or holistic dietary schemes, such as the Mediterranean diet, are also mediated through PAF. In conclusion, there is no single food to prevent coronavirus Although the relationship between PAF and COVID-19 is not robust, a healthy diet containing PAF inhibitors may target both inflammation and thrombosis and prevent the deleterious effects of COVID-19. The next step is the experimental confirmation or not of the PAF-COVID-19 hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Detopoulou
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, General Hospital Korgialenio Benakio, 11526 Athens, Greece;
| | - Constantinos A. Demopoulos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 16121 Athens, Greece;
| | - Smaragdi Antonopoulou
- Laboratory of Biology, Biochemistry and Microbiology, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Street, 17671 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-954-9230; Fax: +30-210-957-7050
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Forty Years Since the Structural Elucidation of Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF): Historical, Current, and Future Research Perspectives. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234414. [PMID: 31816871 PMCID: PMC6930554 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the late 1960s, Barbaro and Zvaifler described a substance that caused antigen induced histamine release from rabbit platelets producing antibodies in passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Henson described a ‘soluble factor’ released from leukocytes that induced vasoactive amine release in platelets. Later observations by Siraganuan and Osler observed the existence of a diluted substance that had the capacity to cause platelet activation. In 1972, the term platelet-activating factor (PAF) was coined by Benveniste, Henson, and Cochrane. The structure of PAF was later elucidated by Demopoulos, Pinckard, and Hanahan in 1979. These studies introduced the research world to PAF, which is now recognised as a potent phospholipid mediator. Since its introduction to the literature, research on PAF has grown due to interest in its vital cell signalling functions and more sinisterly its role as a pro-inflammatory molecule in several chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease and cancer. As it is forty years since the structural elucidation of PAF, the aim of this review is to provide a historical account of the discovery of PAF and to provide a general overview of current and future perspectives on PAF research in physiology and pathophysiology.
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Alper M, Güneş H. Determination of anticancer effects of Urospermum picroides against human cancer cell lines. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2019. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.482404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Lordan R, Tsoupras A, Zabetakis I. The Potential Role of Dietary Platelet-Activating Factor Inhibitors in Cancer Prevention and Treatment. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:148-164. [PMID: 30721934 PMCID: PMC6370273 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. The role of unresolved inflammation in cancer progression and metastasis is well established. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a key proinflammatory mediator in the initiation and progression of cancer. Evidence suggests that PAF is integral to suppression of the immune system and promotion of metastasis and tumor growth by altering local angiogenic and cytokine networks. Interactions between PAF and its receptor may have a role in various digestive, skin, and hormone-dependent cancers. Diet plays a critical role in the prevention of cancer and its treatment. Research indicates that the Mediterranean diet may reduce the incidence of several cancers in which dietary PAF inhibitors have a role. Dietary PAF inhibitors such as polar lipids have demonstrated inhibitory effects against the physiological actions of PAF in cancer and other chronic inflammatory conditions in vitro and in vivo. In addition, experimental models of radiotherapy and chemotherapy demonstrate that inhibition of PAF as adjuvant therapy may lead to more favorable outcomes. Although promising, there is limited evidence on the potential benefits of dietary PAF inhibitors on cancer prevention or treatment. Therefore, further extensive research is required to assess the effects of various dietary factors and PAF inhibitors and to elucidate the mechanisms in prevention of cancer progression and metastasis at a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Lordan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Alexandros Tsoupras
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Ioannis Zabetakis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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14
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Petropoulos SA, Fernandes Â, Tzortzakis N, Sokovic M, Ciric A, Barros L, Ferreira ICFR. Bioactive compounds content and antimicrobial activities of wild edible Asteraceae species of the Mediterranean flora under commercial cultivation conditions. Food Res Int 2018; 119:859-868. [PMID: 30884726 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nine wild edible species belonging to Astreaceae family, native to the Mediterranean basin were tested for their chemical composition (phenolic compounds, tocopherols, and organic acids) and antimicrobial activities over two growing periods, apart from Scolymus hispanicus and Hedypnois cretica which were tested for only one growing period. Flavonoids were the most abundant phenolic compounds in all the species, except for the case of Taraxacum species where significant amounts of chicoric acid were detected, while phenolic compounds content increased in the 2nd growing period by 4.6-397.4% for the tested species. α- and β-tocopherols were the main tocopherols, apart from Taraxacum sp. where significant amounts of γ-and δ-tocopherols (18.32 and 16.31 μg/100 g fresh weight) were detected, while total tocopherols content either increased (Reicardia picroides, Picris echioides, Urospermum picroides, and Taraxacum officinale) or decreased (Hymenonema graecum, Sonchus oleraceus, Taraxacum sp.) in the 2nd growing period. Oxalic acid was the most abundant organic acid, with the highest content (972 mg/100 g fresh weight) being observed in H. graecum (L.) DC. in the 1st growing period. Moreover, with the exception of H. graecum and S. olearaceus, total organic acids content increased in the 2nd growing period. Significant antimicrobial activities were observed against Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhimurium and Penicillium ochrochloron for all the studied species. In conclusion, the studied species showed great potential for commercial cultivation, while plant extracts could find use in the food industry as alternative food preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon A Petropoulos
- Laboratory of Vegetable Production, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Street, 38446 N Ionia, Magnissia, Greece.
| | - Ângela Fernandes
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Nikolaos Tzortzakis
- Cyprus University of Technology, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, 3036 Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Marina Sokovic
- University of Belgrade, Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Ciric
- University of Belgrade, Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
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15
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Mediterranean diet and platelet-activating factor; a systematic review. Clin Biochem 2018; 60:1-10. [PMID: 30142319 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a glycerylether lipid and one of the most potent endogenous mediators of inflammation. Through its binding to a well-characterized receptor it initiates a plethora of cellular pro-inflammatory actions participating by this way to the pathology of most chronic diseases, including cardiovascular and renal diseases, CNS decline and cancer. Among the variety of prudent dietary patterns, Mediterranean Diet (MD) is the dietary pattern with the strongest evidence for its ability to prevent the same chronic diseases. In addition, micronutrients and extracts from several components and characteristic food of the MD can favorably modulate PAF's actions and metabolism either directly or indirectly. However, the role of this traditional diet on PAF metabolism and actions has rarely been studied before. This systematic review summarizes, presents and discusses the outcomes of epidemiologic and intervention studies in humans, investigating the relationships between PAF status and MD. Seventeen full-text articles trying to interlink the components of MD and PAF are found and presented. The results are inconsistent due to the variability of the measured indices and methodology followed. However, preliminary results indicate that the characteristic "healthy" components of the MD, especially, cereals, legumes, vegetables, fish and wine can favorably modulate the pro-inflammatory actions of PAF and regulate its metabolism. Larger, well-controlled studies are necessary to elucidate whether the attenuation of PAF actions can mediate the preventive properties of MD against chronic diseases.
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16
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Tsoupras A, Lordan R, Zabetakis I. Inflammation, not Cholesterol, Is a Cause of Chronic Disease. Nutrients 2018; 10:E604. [PMID: 29757226 PMCID: PMC5986484 DOI: 10.3390/nu10050604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the Seven Countries Study, dietary cholesterol and the levels of serum cholesterol in relation to the development of chronic diseases have been somewhat demonised. However, the principles of the Mediterranean diet and relevant data linked to the examples of people living in the five blue zones demonstrate that the key to longevity and the prevention of chronic disease development is not the reduction of dietary or serum cholesterol but the control of systemic inflammation. In this review, we present all the relevant data that supports the view that it is inflammation induced by several factors, such as platelet-activating factor (PAF), that leads to the onset of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) rather than serum cholesterol. The key to reducing the incidence of CVD is to control the activities of PAF and other inflammatory mediators via diet, exercise, and healthy lifestyle choices. The relevant studies and data supporting these views are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Tsoupras
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Ronan Lordan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Ioannis Zabetakis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
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17
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Mørk M, Nielsen MH, Bæk R, Jørgensen MM, Pedersen S, Kristensen SR. Postprandial Increase in Blood Plasma Levels of Tissue Factor-Bearing (and Other) Microvesicles Measured by Flow Cytometry: Fact or Artifact? TH OPEN 2018; 2:e147-e157. [PMID: 31249938 PMCID: PMC6524869 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1642021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue factor (TF)–bearing microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes may play a role in hemostasis and thrombosis. MVs may be quantified by flow cytometry (FC)–based detection of phosphatidylserine (PS)-positive submicron particles carrying specific antigens, although interference from lipoproteins complicates this approach. In this study, we evaluated the effect of food intake on blood levels of TF-bearing particles measured by FC and small extracellular vesicles (EVs) measured by a protein microarray–based test termed EV Array. Platelet-free plasma (PFP) was obtained from 20 healthy persons in the fasting state and 75 minutes after consumption of a meal. Postprandial changes in the concentration of PS-positive particles, including subgroups binding labeled antibodies against TF, CD41, CD146, and CD62E, respectively (FC), small EVs (EV Array), and TF antigen and procoagulant phospholipids (PPLs) were measured. Furthermore, we tested the effect on FC results of in vitro addition of lipoproteins to fasting PFP. We found significantly increased plasma concentrations of PS-positive particles and all examined subgroups postprandially, while no changes in small EVs, PPL, or TF antigen levels were found. Levels of all types of particles measured by FC were also elevated by lipoprotein spiking. In conclusion, meal consumption as well as in vitro addition of lipoproteins to fasting plasma induces increased levels of PS-positive particles as measured by FC, including TF-positive subtypes and subtypes exposing other antigens. While the observed postprandial increase may to some extent reflect elevated MV levels, our results indicate a substantial interference from lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Mørk
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Aalborg AF Study Group, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,EVsearch.dk, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Morten H Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,EVsearch.dk, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Rikke Bæk
- EVsearch.dk, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Malene M Jørgensen
- EVsearch.dk, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Shona Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,EVsearch.dk, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Søren R Kristensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Aalborg AF Study Group, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,EVsearch.dk, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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18
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Wine consumption reduced postprandial platelet sensitivity against platelet activating factor in healthy men. Eur J Nutr 2016; 56:1485-1492. [PMID: 26936842 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1194-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Platelet activating factor (PAF) is a potent inflammatory and thrombotic mediator that participates in the initiation and prolongation of atherosclerosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential effect of wine consumption on platelet aggregation against PAF. METHODS The study had cross-over design. Ten healthy men participated in four daily trials on separate days: They consumed a standardized meal along with white wine, Robola variety (trial R), or red wine, Cabernet Sauvignon variety (trial CS), or an ethanol solution (trial E), or water (trial W). Blood samples were collected before and after meal consumption and at several time points during the next 6 h. Platelet aggregation against PAF (EC50 values) and several blood biomarkers were measured, and incremental areas under the curve (iAUC) were calculated. RESULTS A significant trial effect was found in platelet sensitivity against PAF (p trial = 0.01). Moreover, the iAUC-PAF EC50 of CS trial was higher compared to both iAUC-PAF EC50 of E and W trials (P = 0.04, P = 0.02). Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 iAUC was higher in all alcoholic beverages compare with the one of W trial (P E = 0.05, P R = 0.01, P CS = 0.01). Triacylglycerol iAUC increased significantly only in E compared to W trial (P = 0.04) and were significantly lower at 60-120 min in wine trials compared to the one of E (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Wine consumption improved platelet sensitivity independently of alcohol, kept triacylglycerols at lower levels during their postprandial elevation, and did not affect plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels more adversely than ethanol per se.
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Zabetakis I. Food security and cardioprotection: the polar lipid link. J Food Sci 2014; 78:R1101-4. [PMID: 23957417 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The projected increase in world population and therefore demand for food in the foreseeable future pose some risks on how secure is the food production system today. Millions of people are threatened by malnutrition, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), diabetes, and obesity. This is a multidimensional challenge: the production of food needs to be increased but also the quality of food needs to be improved so less people suffer from undernourishment and CVDs. This hypothesis paper addresses this problem by critically evaluating recent developments on the role of food components against CVDs, presenting recent insights for assessing the nutritional value of food and suggesting novel approaches toward the sustainable production of food that would, in turn, lead to increased food security. The issue of the sustainability of lipid sources and genetically modified crops is also discussed from a food security point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Zabetakis
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Natl. and Kapodistrian Univ. of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece.
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