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Carnero Canales CS, Marquez Cazorla JI, Marquez Cazorla RM, Roque-Borda CA, Polinário G, Figueroa Banda RA, Sábio RM, Chorilli M, Santos HA, Pavan FR. Breaking barriers: The potential of nanosystems in antituberculosis therapy. Bioact Mater 2024; 39:106-134. [PMID: 38783925 PMCID: PMC11112550 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, continues to pose a significant threat to global health. The resilience of TB is amplified by a myriad of physical, biological, and biopharmaceutical barriers that challenge conventional therapeutic approaches. This review navigates the intricate landscape of TB treatment, from the stealth of latent infections and the strength of granuloma formations to the daunting specters of drug resistance and altered gene expression. Amidst these challenges, traditional therapies often fail, contending with inconsistent bioavailability, prolonged treatment regimens, and socioeconomic burdens. Nanoscale Drug Delivery Systems (NDDSs) emerge as a promising beacon, ready to overcome these barriers, offering better drug targeting and improved patient adherence. Through a critical approach, we evaluate a spectrum of nanosystems and their efficacy against MTB both in vitro and in vivo. This review advocates for the intensification of research in NDDSs, heralding their potential to reshape the contours of global TB treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cesar Augusto Roque-Borda
- Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Giulia Polinário
- Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, 14800-903, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Miguel Sábio
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, 14800-903, Brazil
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713 AV, the Netherlands
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Hélder A. Santos
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713 AV, the Netherlands
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Fernando Rogério Pavan
- Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, 14800-903, Brazil
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2
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Kieswetter NS, Ozturk M, Jones SS, Senzani S, Chengalroyen MD, Brombacher F, Kana B, Guler R. Deletion of N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidases alters the host immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Virulence 2021; 12:1227-1238. [PMID: 33980132 PMCID: PMC8128173 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1914448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptidoglycan (PG), a heteropolysaccharide component of the mycobacterial cell wall can be shed during tuberculosis infection with immunomodulatory consequences. As such, changes in PG structure are expected to have important implications on disease progression and host responses during infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterial amidases have important roles in remodeling of PG during cell division and are implicated in susceptibility to antibiotics. However, their role in modulating host immunity remains unknown. We assessed the bacterial burden and host immune responses to M. tuberculosis mutants defective for either one of two PG N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidases, Ami1 and Ami4, in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and C57BL/6 mice. In infected BMDM, the single deletion of both genes resulted in increased proinflammatory cytokine responses. In mice, infection with the Δami1 mutant led to differential induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, decreased cellular recruitment and reduced lung pathology during the acute phase of the infection. While increased proinflammatory cytokines production was observed in BMDM infected with the Δami4 mutant, these effects did not prevail in mice. Infection using the Δami1 and Δami4 Mtb mutants showed that these genes are dispensable for intracellular mycobacterial growth in macrophages and mycobacterial burden in mice. These findings suggest that both Ami1 and Ami4 in M. tuberculosis are not essential for mycobacterial growth within the host. In summary, we show that amidases are important for modulating host immunity during Mtb infection in murine macrophages and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Scott Kieswetter
- Cape Town Component, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mumin Ozturk
- Cape Town Component, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Shelby-Sara Jones
- Cape Town Component, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sibusiso Senzani
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Melissa Dalcina Chengalroyen
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Frank Brombacher
- Cape Town Component, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Bavesh Kana
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Reto Guler
- Cape Town Component, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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3
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Cugini C, Ramasubbu N, Tsiagbe VK, Fine DH. Dysbiosis From a Microbial and Host Perspective Relative to Oral Health and Disease. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:617485. [PMID: 33763040 PMCID: PMC7982844 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.617485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The significance of microbiology and immunology with regard to caries and periodontal disease gained substantial clinical or research consideration in the mid 1960's. This enhanced emphasis related to several simple but elegant experiments illustrating the relevance of bacteria to oral infections. Since that point, the understanding of oral diseases has become increasingly sophisticated and many of the original hypotheses related to disease causality have either been abandoned or amplified. The COVID pandemic has reminded us of the importance of history relative to infectious diseases and in the words of Churchill "those who fail to learn from history are condemned to repeat it." This review is designed to present an overview of broad general directions of research over the last 60 years in oral microbiology and immunology, reviewing significant contributions, indicating emerging foci of interest, and proposing future directions based on technical advances and new understandings. Our goal is to review this rich history (standard microbiology and immunology) and point to potential directions in the future (omics) that can lead to a better understanding of disease. Over the years, research scientists have moved from a position of downplaying the role of bacteria in oral disease to one implicating bacteria as true pathogens that cause disease. More recently it has been proposed that bacteria form the ecological first line of defense against "foreign" invaders and also serve to train the immune system as an acquired host defensive stimulus. While early immunological research was focused on immunological exposure as a modulator of disease, the "hygiene hypothesis," and now the "old friends hypothesis" suggest that the immune response could be trained by bacteria for long-term health. Advanced "omics" technologies are currently being used to address changes that occur in the host and the microbiome in oral disease. The "omics" methodologies have shaped the detection of quantifiable biomarkers to define human physiology and pathologies. In summary, this review will emphasize the role that commensals and pathobionts play in their interaction with the immune status of the host, with a prediction that current "omic" technologies will allow researchers to better understand disease in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Cugini
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States
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Küssau T, Van Wyk N, Johansen MD, Alsarraf HMAB, Neyret A, Hamela C, Sørensen KK, Thygesen MB, Beauvineau C, Kremer L, Blaise M. Functional Characterization of the N-Acetylmuramyl-l-Alanine Amidase, Ami1, from Mycobacterium abscessus. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112410. [PMID: 33158165 PMCID: PMC7694207 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptidoglycan (PG) is made of a polymer of disaccharides organized as a three-dimensional mesh-like network connected together by peptidic cross-links. PG is a dynamic structure that is essential for resistance to environmental stressors. Remodeling of PG occurs throughout the bacterial life cycle, particularly during bacterial division and separation into daughter cells. Numerous autolysins with various substrate specificities participate in PG remodeling. Expression of these enzymes must be tightly regulated, as an excess of hydrolytic activity can be detrimental for the bacteria. In non-tuberculous mycobacteria such as Mycobacterium abscessus, the function of PG-modifying enzymes has been poorly investigated. In this study, we characterized the function of the PG amidase, Ami1 from M. abscessus. An ami1 deletion mutant was generated and the phenotypes of the mutant were evaluated with respect to susceptibility to antibiotics and virulence in human macrophages and zebrafish. The capacity of purified Ami1 to hydrolyze muramyl-dipeptide was demonstrated in vitro. In addition, the screening of a 9200 compounds library led to the selection of three compounds inhibiting Ami1 in vitro. We also report the structural characterization of Ami1 which, combined with in silico docking studies, allows us to propose a mode of action for these inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Küssau
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 9004, CEDEX 5, 34293 Montpellier, France; (T.K.); (N.V.W.); (M.D.J.); (H.M.A.B.A.); (C.H.)
| | - Niël Van Wyk
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 9004, CEDEX 5, 34293 Montpellier, France; (T.K.); (N.V.W.); (M.D.J.); (H.M.A.B.A.); (C.H.)
| | - Matt D. Johansen
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 9004, CEDEX 5, 34293 Montpellier, France; (T.K.); (N.V.W.); (M.D.J.); (H.M.A.B.A.); (C.H.)
| | - Husam M. A. B. Alsarraf
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 9004, CEDEX 5, 34293 Montpellier, France; (T.K.); (N.V.W.); (M.D.J.); (H.M.A.B.A.); (C.H.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Aymeric Neyret
- CEMIPAI CNRS UM UMS3725, CEDEX 5, 34293 Montpellier, France;
| | - Claire Hamela
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 9004, CEDEX 5, 34293 Montpellier, France; (T.K.); (N.V.W.); (M.D.J.); (H.M.A.B.A.); (C.H.)
| | - Kasper K. Sørensen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (K.K.S.); (M.B.T.)
| | - Mikkel B. Thygesen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (K.K.S.); (M.B.T.)
| | - Claire Beauvineau
- Chemical Library Institut Curie/CNRS, CNRS UMR9187, INSERM U1196 and CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1193, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France;
| | - Laurent Kremer
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 9004, CEDEX 5, 34293 Montpellier, France; (T.K.); (N.V.W.); (M.D.J.); (H.M.A.B.A.); (C.H.)
- INSERM, IRIM, 34293 Montpellier, France
- Correspondence: (L.K.); (M.B.); Tel.: +33-(0)-434-359-447 (L.K. & M.B.)
| | - Mickaël Blaise
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 9004, CEDEX 5, 34293 Montpellier, France; (T.K.); (N.V.W.); (M.D.J.); (H.M.A.B.A.); (C.H.)
- Correspondence: (L.K.); (M.B.); Tel.: +33-(0)-434-359-447 (L.K. & M.B.)
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Tran SL, Cormontagne D, Vidic J, André-Leroux G, Ramarao N. Structural Modeling of Cell Wall Peptidase CwpFM (EntFM) Reveals Distinct Intrinsically Disordered Extensions Specific to Pathogenic Bacillus cereus Strains. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12090593. [PMID: 32937845 PMCID: PMC7551459 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12090593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of B. cereus as an opportunistic food-borne pathogen has intensified the need to distinguish strains of public health concern. The heterogeneity of the diseases associated with B. cereus infections emphasizes the versatility of these bacteria strains to colonize their host. Nevertheless, the molecular basis of these differences remains unclear. Several toxins are involved in virulence, particularly in gastrointestinal disorders, but there are currently no biological markers able to differentiate pathogenic from harmless strains. We have previously shown that CwpFM is a cell wall peptidase involved in B. cereus virulence. Here, we report a sequence/structure/function characterization of 39 CwpFM sequences, chosen from a collection of B. cereus with diverse virulence phenotypes, from harmless to highly pathogenic strains. CwpFM is homology-modeled in silico as an exported papain-like endopeptidase, with an N-terminal end composed of three successive bacterial Src Homology 3 domains (SH3b1–3) likely to control protein–protein interactions in signaling pathways, and a C-terminal end that contains a catalytic NLPC_P60 domain primed to form a competent active site. We confirmed in vitro that CwpFM is an endopeptidase with a moderate peptidoglycan hydrolase activity. Remarkably, CwpFMs from pathogenic strains harbor a specific stretch of twenty residues intrinsically disordered, inserted between the SH3b3 and the catalytic NLPC_P60 domain. This strongly suggests this linker as a marker of differentiation between B. cereus strains. We believe that our findings improve our understanding of the pathogenicity of B. cereus while advancing both clinical diagnosis and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seav-Ly Tran
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (S.-L.T.); (D.C.); (J.V.)
| | - Delphine Cormontagne
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (S.-L.T.); (D.C.); (J.V.)
| | - Jasmina Vidic
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (S.-L.T.); (D.C.); (J.V.)
| | - Gwenaëlle André-Leroux
- MaIAGE, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Correspondence: (G.A.-L.); (N.R.)
| | - Nalini Ramarao
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (S.-L.T.); (D.C.); (J.V.)
- Correspondence: (G.A.-L.); (N.R.)
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Miao J, Liu H, Qu Y, Fu W, Qi K, Zang S, He J, Zhao S, Chen S, Jiang T. Effect of peptidoglycan amidase MSMEG_6281 on fatty acid metabolism in Mycobacterium smegmatis. Microb Pathog 2019; 140:103939. [PMID: 31870758 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium smegmatis MSMEG_6281, a peptidoglycan (PG) amidase, is essential in maintaining cell wall integrity. To address the potential roles during the MSMEG_6281-mediated biological process, we compared proteomes from wild-type M.smegmatis and MSMEG_6281 gene knockout strain (M.sm-ΔM_6281) using LC-MS/MS analysis. Peptide analysis revealed that 851 proteins were differentially produced with at least 1.2-fold changes, including some proteins involved in fatty acid metabolism such as acyl-CoA synthase, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, MCE-family proteins, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, and MmpL4. Some proteins related to fatty acid degradation were enriched through protein-protein interaction analysis. Therefore, proteomic data showed that a lack of MSMEG_6281 affected fatty acid metabolism. Mycobacteria can produce diverse lipid molecules ranging from single fatty acids to highly complex mycolic acids, and mycobacterial surface-exposed lipids may impact biofilm formation. In this study, we also assessed the effects of MSMEG_6281 on biofilm phenotype using semi-quantitative and morphology analysis methods. These results found that M.sm-ΔM_6281 exhibited a delayed biofilm phenotype compared to that of the wild-type M.smegmatis, and the changes were recovered when PG amidase was rescued in a ΔM_6281::Rv3717 strain. Our results demonstrated that MSMEG_6281 impacts fatty acid metabolism and further interferes with biofilm formation. These results provide a clue to study the effects of PG amidase on mycobacterial pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatong Miao
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Hanrui Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yushan Qu
- Business School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, 08854, NJ, USA
| | - Weizhe Fu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Kangwei Qi
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Shizhu Zang
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Jiajia He
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Shijia Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Shixing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Microsystem, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
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