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Lin Y, Xie Z, Li Z, Yuan C, Zhang C, Li Y, Xie K, Wang K. The microbiota-gut-brain axis: A crucial immunomodulatory pathway for Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis' resilience against LPS treatment in neonatal rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131255. [PMID: 38556221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
An imbalanced gut microflora may contribute to immune disorders in neonates due to an immature gut barrier. Bacterial toxins, particularly, can trigger the immune system, potentially resulting in uncontrolled gut and systemic inflammation. Previous research has revealed that Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis) could protect against early-life pathogen infections by enhancing the gut barrier. However, the effects of B. lactis on a compromised immune system remain uncertain. Hence, this study concentrated on the immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of B. lactis in neonatal rats intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial toxin and inflammatory mediator. First, B. lactis significantly alleviated the adverse effects induced by LPS on the growth, development, and body temperature of neonatal rats. Second, B. lactis significantly reduced the immune responses and damage induced by LPS, affecting both systemic and local immune responses in the peripheral blood, gut, and brain. Notably, B. lactis exhibited extra potent neuroprotective and neurorepair effects. Our research found that pre-treatment with B. lactis shaped the diverse gut microecology by altering both microbial populations and metabolic biomolecules, closely linked to immunomodulation. Overall, this study elucidated the multifaceted roles of B. lactis in neonatal hosts against pathogenic infection and immune disorder, revealing the existence of the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugui Lin
- Microbiology Laboratory, Zhongshan Bo'ai Hospital, 528400 Zhongshan, China; Department of Microbiology, Guangxi Medical University, 530021 Nanning, China.
| | - Zhong Xie
- Department of Microbiology, Guangxi Medical University, 530021 Nanning, China
| | - Zhouyi Li
- Department of Microbiology, Guangxi Medical University, 530021 Nanning, China
| | - Chunlei Yuan
- Microbiology Laboratory, Zhongshan Bo'ai Hospital, 528400 Zhongshan, China
| | - Chilun Zhang
- Microbiology Laboratory, Zhongshan Bo'ai Hospital, 528400 Zhongshan, China
| | - Yanfen Li
- Microbiology Laboratory, Zhongshan Bo'ai Hospital, 528400 Zhongshan, China
| | - Kunke Xie
- Immunology Laboratory, Zhongshan Bo'ai Hospital, 528400 Zhongshan, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Immunology Laboratory, Zhongshan Bo'ai Hospital, 528400 Zhongshan, China
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Lin C, Lin Y, Wang S, Wang J, Mao X, Zhou Y, Zhang H, Chen W, Wang G. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis boosts neonatal immunity: unravelling systemic defences against Salmonella. Food Funct 2024; 15:236-254. [PMID: 38054827 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03686c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis may be a useful probiotic intervention for regulating neonatal intestinal immune responses and counteracting Salmonella infection. However, recent research has focused on intestinal immunity, leaving uncertainties regarding the central, peripheral, and neural immune responses in neonates. Therefore, this study investigated the role and mechanisms of B. animalis subsp. lactis in the systemic immune responses of neonatal rats following Salmonella infection. Through extremely early pretreatment with B. animalis subsp. lactis (6 hours postnatal), the neonatal rat gut microbiota was effectively reshaped, especially the Bifidobacterium community. In the rats pretreated with B. animalis subsp. lactis, Salmonella was less prevalent in the blood, liver, spleen, and intestines following infection. The intervention promoted T lymphocyte subset balance in the spleen and thymus and fostered neurodevelopment and neuroimmune balance in the brain. Furthermore, metabolic profiling showed a strong correlation between the metabolites in the serum and colon, supporting the view that B. animalis subsp. lactis pretreatment influences the systemic immune response by modifying the composition and metabolism of the gut microbiota. Overall, the results imply that B. animalis subsp. lactis pretreatment, through the coordinated regulation of colonic and serum metabolites, influences the systemic immune responses of neonatal rats against Salmonella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yugui Lin
- Microbiology Laboratory, Zhongshan Bo'ai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Zhongshan 528400, P. R. China
| | - Shunhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Jialiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xuhua Mao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yixing People's Hospital, Wuxi 214200, P. R. China
| | - Yonghua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi 214064, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, P. R. China
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