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Mohammadkhani F, Mousavi Gargari SL, Nazarian S, Mafi M. Protective effects of anti-CfaB-EtpA-LTB IgY antibody against adherence and toxicity of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:6994376. [PMID: 36662123 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM Production of IgY antibodies against CfaB-EtpA-LTB (CEL) chimeric protein and evaluation of its protective effects against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) by in vivo and in vitro investigation. METHODS AND RESULTS Indirect ELISA and immunoblotting methods were applied to assess the immunogenicity and specificity of IgYs and also to evaluate the efficacy of IgYs in binding prevention and neutralizing the heat-labile (LT) toxin of ETEC bacteria. The results indicated that the anti-CEL IgY at a concentration of 2 mg ml-1 could decrease the bacterial adhesion to HT-29 cells by 74% compared to the control group.At a concentration of 750 μg ml-1, the IgY antibody managed to neutralize the disruptive LT toxin effect on the Y1 cell line. At a concentration of 2 mg ml-1, 81% reduction was observed in the fluid accumulation in the ileal loop assay. CONCLUSION According to our findings, passive immunotherapy with anti-CEL IgY can prevent bacterial colonization and toxicity, thus facilitating in controlling the enteric diseases caused by ETEC infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shahram Nazarian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, 1651155017, Iran
| | - Maryam Mafi
- Department of Biology, Shahed University, Tehran, 3319118651, Iran
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2
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Immunologically effective biomaterials-enhanced vaccines against infection of pathogenic microorganisms. BIOSAFETY AND HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bsheal.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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3
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Jin S, Wang T, Zhao Y, Liu X, Wang Y, Jiang L, Zhang Q. The heat-labile toxin B subunit of E. coli fused with VP6 from GCRV (Grass carp reovirus) was expressed and folded into an active protein in rice calli. Protein Expr Purif 2022; 197:106099. [PMID: 35525405 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2022.106099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) is one of the most serious pathogens threatening grass carp (Ctenopharyngon idellus) production in China. VP6 could be suitable for developing vaccine for the control of GCRV. Transgenic plants are an attractive bioreactor for their safety and ability to make economical vaccines. The B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LTB) fused to VP6 (LTB-VP6) was transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transformation. Transgenic rice calli was confirmed by PCR analysis separately. The copy numbers of LTB-VP6 inserted into the rice genome are between 1 and 2. The expression level of LTB-VP6 in rice calli was 0.0005-0.0019%, an average of 0.0011% of the TSP(total soluble proteins). LTB-VP6 was folded and assembled into a pentameric form of approximately 305 kDa capable of binding monosialoganglioside (GM1). The suitable concentration of LTB-VP6 in TSP was 0.4 μg/μl. LTB-VP6 is stable and highly active at room temperature. LTB-VP6 binding to GM1 is affected with different affinities under different temperatures. LTB-VP6 had a strong binding affinity at 25 °C and pH 8.4. Our results showed that LTB-VP6 is capable of forming an active pentameric form protein. It provides an ideal alternative to plant-based vaccines against GCRV in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Jin
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - Tongtong Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - Xue Liu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - Yichen Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - Lingchuan Jiang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - Qiusheng Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China.
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4
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Berzosa M, Pastor Y, Gamazo C, Irache JM. Development of a Bacterial Nanoparticle Vaccine Against Escherichia coli. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2410:357-365. [PMID: 34914057 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1884-4_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Currently, different subunit-based vaccine strategies against enterobacteria are being investigated. Among those, bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMV) are promising candidates because of their immunogenic properties and safety. In order to develop an effective vaccine against this kind of pathogens, it is important to induce both systemic and mucosal immunity. For that reason, the oral route of administration would be an adequate option; although it still represents a challenge due to the particular and harsh conditions of the gut. To overcome these inconveniences, different strategies have been proposed, including the use of polymeric nanoparticles based on the copolymer between methyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride (Gantrez AN). In the present work, a simple procedure for the preparation of heat-induced OMV (named as HT) obtained from Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) loaded into these poly(anhydride) nanoparticles is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melibea Berzosa
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Yadira Pastor
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos Gamazo
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Juan Manuel Irache
- Department of Technology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Roghanian P, Zare Karizi S, Motamedi MJ, Kazemi R, Khoobbakht D, Amani J. Designing and determining immunogenicity of a recombinant protein due to producing a new vaccine against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli containing CfaE and CotD subunits. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2021; 42:525-542. [PMID: 33834940 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2021.1906890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is one of the most common bacterial causes of mortalities in developing countries due to diarrhea. Since mucosal immune responses to CFs can prevent the disease, a chimeric protein containing ETEC's CFA/I (CfaE) tip subunits and CS2 (CotD) sub-structural units is developed to produce effective vaccine. Using bioinformatics tools, the chimeric construct was analyzed and then the optimized gene was synthesized and expressed in E. coli. The recombinant protein was expressed and purified by the Ni-NTA chromatography column and confirmed by anti-his tag antibody by western blotting. Mice were immunized with recombinant protein, and the IgG and IgA antibodies' titrations of the sera were analyzed by ELISA. In addition, the immunogenicity and protective efficacy against the live ETEC bacteria in the challenge test were determined. Western blot analysis verified the chimeric protein expression of CotD-CfaE. The outcome of ELISA was a substantial improvement in the IgG antibody titer in immunized mice. In a live ETEC challenge, the survival percentage of 30% was shown for immunized mice. The developed recombinant chimeric protein could be suggested as an effective component in producing an efficient vaccine against Enterotoxigenic E. coli with other crucial subunits, different immunization route, and other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooneh Roghanian
- Department of Genetics, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shohreh Zare Karizi
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, School of Biological Science, Varamin-Pishva, Branch Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran
| | | | | | - Dorna Khoobbakht
- Department of Genetics, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Pan C, Yue H, Zhu L, Ma GH, Wang HL. Prophylactic vaccine delivery systems against epidemic infectious diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113867. [PMID: 34280513 PMCID: PMC8285224 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Prophylactic vaccines have evolved from traditional whole-cell vaccines to safer subunit vaccines. However, subunit vaccines still face problems, such as poor immunogenicity and low efficiency, while traditional adjuvants are usually unable to meet specific response needs. Advanced delivery vectors are important to overcome these barriers; they have favorable safety and effectiveness, tunable properties, precise location, and immunomodulatory capabilities. Nevertheless, there has been no systematic summary of the delivery systems to cover a wide range of infectious pathogens. We herein summarized and compared the delivery systems for major or epidemic infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. We also included the newly licensed vaccines (e.g., COVID-19 vaccines) and those close to licensure. Furthermore, we highlighted advanced delivery systems with high efficiency, cross-protection, or long-term protection against epidemic pathogens, and we put forward prospects and thoughts on the development of future prophylactic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Hua Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Guang-Hui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Heng-Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, PR China.
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7
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Vansofla AN, Nazarian S, Kordbache E, Fathi J. An IgG/IgY sandwich-ELISA for the detection of heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Huang J, Chen S, Zhou Z, Sun X, Haseeb M, Lakho SA, Zhang Y, Liu J, Shah MAA, Song X, Xu L, Yan R, Li X. Poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) delivery system improve the protective efficacy of recombinant antigen TA4 against Eimeria tenella infection. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101083. [PMID: 33799117 PMCID: PMC8044688 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Eimeria tenella is a protozoan parasite endemic in chickens and is one of the causative agents of avian coccidiosis. The aim of this research was to determine if poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles carrying recombinant TA4 protein of E. tenella (rEtTA4) could improve the level of protective immunity against E. tenella challenge. Recombinant TA4 protein was expressed and purified. Poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) loaded with rEtTA4 (PLGA-rEtTA4) nanoparticles was prepared and was delivered to 2-week-old layer chickens via intramuscular inoculation. Chickens injected with PBS and PLGA nanoparticles were served as control groups. The rEtTA4 and PLGA-rEtTA4 nanoparticles induced changes of serum cytokines, IgY levels, and T lymphocytes subpopulation, and the protective efficacy against E. tenella challenge was evaluated. Results showed that both rEtTA4 and PLGA-rEtTA4 vaccination groups induced significantly higher levels of specific EtTA4 IgY antibody and IL-17 and higher proportion of CD8+ T lymphocytes. However, no significant differences were observed in the proportion of CD4+ T lymphocytes compared with the PBS control. Chickens immunized with rEtTA4 and PLGA-rEtTA4 prominently increased the BW gains and decreased oocyst output compared with chickens immunized with PBS and PLGA after oral challenge with E. tenella. Poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) encapsulated rEtTA4 nanoparticles–immunized chickens significantly induced higher levels of interferon gamma, IL-6, and IL-17 and a little bit higher proportion of CD8+ T lymphocytes compared with rEtTA4 subunit vaccine–immunized chickens. Thus, PLGA encapsulated rEtTA4 nanoparticles appeared to have great potential to enhance the immune response and improved the protective efficacy against E. tenella infection. Our results provided available protective subunit vaccine rEtTA4 and PLGA loaded with rEtTA4 nanoparticles against coccidiosis and suggested that PLGA nanoparticles could be an effective adjuvant to enhance the protective efficacy of rEtTA4 subunit vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Huang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Siying Chen
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Zhouyang Zhou
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoting Sun
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Muhammad Haseeb
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Shakeel Ahmed Lakho
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Jiabin Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Muhammad Ali A Shah
- Departure of Parasitology and Microbiology, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Xiaokai Song
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Lixin Xu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Ruofeng Yan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Xiangrui Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China.
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9
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Khoobbakht D, Zare Karizi S, Motamedi MJ, Kazemi R, Roghanian P, Amani J. Immunogenicity Evaluation of Chimeric Subunit Vaccine Comprising Adhesion Coli Surface Antigens from Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 29:91-100. [PMID: 32645695 DOI: 10.1159/000509708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the most common agent of diarrhea morbidity in developing countries. ETEC adheres to host intestinal epithelial cells via various colonization factors. The CooD and CotD proteins play a significant role in bacteria binding to the intestinal epithelial cells as adhesin tip subunits of CS1 and CS2 pili. The purpose here was to design a new construction containing cooD and cotD genes and use several types of bioinformatics software to predict the structural and immunological properties of the designed antigen. The fusion gene was synthesized with codon bias of E. coli in order to increase the expression level of the protein. The amino acid sequences, protein structure, and immunogenicity properties of potential antigens were analyzed in silico. The chimeric protein was expressed in E. coliBL21 (DE3). The antigenicity of the recombinant proteins was verified by Western blotting and ELISA. In order to assess the induced immunity, the immunized mice were challenged with wild-type ETEC by an intraperitoneal route. Immunological analyses showed the production of a high titer of IgG serum with no sign of serum-mucosal IgA antibody response. The result of the challenge assay showed that 30% of immunized mice survived. The results of this study showed that CooD-CotD recombinant protein can stimulate immunity against ETEC. The designed chimera could be a prototype for the subunit vaccine, which is worthy of further consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorna Khoobbakht
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shohreh Zare Karizi
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, School of Biological Science, Varamin-Pishva, Branch of Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran
| | | | | | - Pooneh Roghanian
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
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Ghaffari Marandi BH, Zolfaghari MR, Kazemi R, Motamedi MJ, Amani J. Immunization against Vibrio cholerae, ETEC, and EHEC with chitosan nanoparticle containing LSC chimeric protein. Microb Pathog 2019; 134:103600. [PMID: 31202906 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Severe intestinal infections caused by V. cholerae, ETEC and EHEC have contributed to the mortality rate in developing countries. Vibrio Cholera, ETEC and EHEC bacterium with the production of CT, LT and Stx2 toxins respectively lead to severe watery and bloody diarrhea. This study aimed to investigate a trimeric vaccine candidate containing recombinant chimeric protein, encapsulate the protein in chitosan nanoparticles and assess its immunogenicity. METHODS The LSC recombinant gene was used. It is composed of LTB (L), STXB (S) and CTXB (C) subunits respectively. The LSC recombinant protein was expressed and purified and confirmed by western blotting. The purified protein was encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles, and its size was measured. BalB/c mice were immunized in four groups through oral and injection methods by LSC protein. The antibody titer was then evaluated by ELISA, and finally, the challenge test of the toxins from all three bacteria was done on the immunized mouse. RESULTS After expression and purification LSC protein size of nanoparticles containing protein was measured at 104.6 nm. Nanoparticles were able to induce systemic and mucosal immune responses by generating a useful titer of IgG and IgA. The challenge results with LT, CT and Stx toxins showed that the LSC protein might partially neutralize the effect of toxins. CONCLUSION LSC chimeric protein with the simultaneous three essential antigens have a protective effect against the toxins produced by ETEC, EHEC and Vibrio cholera bacteria and it can be used in vaccines to prevent Diarrhea caused by these three bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | | | | | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Shojaei Jeshvaghani F, Amani J, Kazemi R, Karimi Rahjerdi A, Jafari M, Abbasi S, Salmanian AH. Oral immunization with a plant-derived chimeric protein in mice: Toward the development of a multipotent edible vaccine against E. coli O157: H7 and ETEC. Immunobiology 2018; 224:262-269. [PMID: 30579628 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The most bacterial cause of infectious diseases associated with diarrhea are enterotoxigenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (ETEC and EHEC, respectively). These strains use colonization factors for the attachment to the human intestinal mucosa, followed by enterotoxins production that could induce more host damage. The Heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) and colonization factors (CFs) are momentous factors for the pathogenesis of ETEC. Also, Intimin and Shiga like toxin (STX) are the main pathogenic factors expressed by EHEC. Because of mucosal surfaces are the major entry site for these pathogens, oral immunization with providing the protective secretary IgA antibody (sIgA) responses in the mucosa, could prevent the bacterial adherence to the intestine. In this study oral immunogenicity of a synthetic recombinant protein containing StxB, Intimin, CfaB and LtB (SICL) was investigated. For specific expression in canola seeds, the optimized gene was cloned in to plant expression vector containing the Fatty Acid Elongase (FAE) promoter. The evaluation of the expression level in canola seeds was approximately 0.4% of total soluble protein (TSP). Following to oral immunization of mice, serum IgG and fecal IgA antibody responses induced. Caco-2 cell binding assay with ETEC shows that the sera from immunized mice could neutralize the attachment properties of toxigenic E. coli. The reduction of bacterial shedding after the challenge of immunized mice with E. coli O157:H7 was significant. The sera from immunized mice in the rabbit ileal loop experiment exhibited a significant decrease in the fluid accumulation compared to the control. The results indicate efficacy of the recombinant chimeric protein SICL in transgenic canola seed as an effective immunogen, which elicits both systemic and mucosal immune responses as well as protection against EHEC and ETEC adherence and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Shojaei Jeshvaghani
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology. National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisoning Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rouhollah Kazemi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology. National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Karimi Rahjerdi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology. National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahyat Jafari
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology. National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahsanam Abbasi
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine. National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hatef Salmanian
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology. National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran.
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Tabrizi NM, Amani J, Ebrahimzadeh M, Nazarian S, Kazemi R, Almasian P. Preparation and evaluation of chitosan nanoparticles containing CtxB antigen against Vibrio cholera. Microb Pathog 2018; 124:170-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Zhang L, Yang W, Hu C, Wang Q, Wu Y. Properties and applications of nanoparticle/microparticle conveyors with adjuvant characteristics suitable for oral vaccination. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:2973-2987. [PMID: 29861631 PMCID: PMC5968786 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s154743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is one of the most effective approaches in the prevention and control of disease worldwide. Oral vaccination could have wide applications if effective protection cannot be achieved through traditional (eg, parenteral) routes of vaccination. However, oral administration is hampered by the difficulties in transferring vaccines in vivo. This has led to the development of materials such as carriers with potential adjuvant effects. Considering the requirements for selecting adjuvants for oral vaccines as well as the advantages of nanoparticle/microparticle materials as immune effectors and antigen conveyors, synthetic materials could improve the efficiency of oral vaccination. In this review, nanoparticles and microparticles with adjuvant characteristics are described with regard to their potential importance for oral immunization, and some promising and successful modification strategies are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wendi Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chaohua Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qianchao Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yunkun Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China
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Mirhoseini A, Amani J, Nazarian S. Review on pathogenicity mechanism of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and vaccines against it. Microb Pathog 2018; 117:162-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Al-Nemrawi NK, Alshraiedeh NH, Zayed AL, Altaani BM. Low Molecular Weight Chitosan-Coated PLGA Nanoparticles for Pulmonary Delivery of Tobramycin for Cystic Fibrosis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018. [PMID: 29517998 PMCID: PMC5874724 DOI: 10.3390/ph11010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with Tobramycin were prepared using a solvent-evaporation method. (2) Methods: The NPs were coated with low molecular weight chitosan (LMWC) to enhance the mucoadhesiveness of PLGA-NPs. The following w/w ratios of tobramycin to LMWC were prepared: control (0:0.50), F0 (1:0.25), F0.5 (1:0.5), and F1 (1:1). (3) Results: The results showed that the size of the particles increased from 220.7 nm to 575.77 nm as the concentration of LMWC used in the formulation increased. The surface charge was also affected by the amount of LMWC, where uncoated-PLGA nanoparticles had negative charges (−2.8 mV), while coated-PLGA NPs had positive charges (+33.47 to +50.13 mV). SEM confirmed the size and the spherical homogeneous morphology of the NPs. Coating the NPs with LMWC enhanced the mucoadhesive properties of the NPs and sustained the tobramycin release over two days. Finally, all NPs had antimicrobial activity that increased as the amount of LMWC increased. (4) Conclusion: In conclusion, the formulation of mucoadhesive, controlled-release, tobramycin-LMWC-PLGA nanoparticles for the treatment of P. aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis patients is possible, and their properties could be controlled by controlling the concentration of LMWC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusaiba K Al-Nemrawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Nid''A H Alshraiedeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Aref L Zayed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Bashar M Altaani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
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16
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Kordbacheh E, Nazarian S, Hajizadeh A, Sadeghi D. Entrapment of LTB protein in alginate nanoparticles protects against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. APMIS 2018; 126:320-328. [PMID: 29460309 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine delivery vehicles are just as important in vaccine efficiency. Through the progress in nanotechnology, various nanoparticles have been evaluated as carriers for these substances. Among them, alginate nanoparticles are a good choice because of their biodegradability, biocompatibility, ease of production, etc. In this study, feasibility of alginate nanoparticles (NPs) such as recombinant LTB from Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) carrier was investigated. To do this, the eltb gene was cloned and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) host cells, and a Ni-NTA column purified the protein. NPs were achieved through ion gelation method in the presence of LTB protein and CaCl2 as the cross-Linker and NPs were characterized physicochemically. Balb/C mice groups were immunized with LTB-entrapped NPs or LTB with adjuvant and immunogenicity was assessed by evaluating IgG titer. Finally, the neutralization of antibodies was evaluated by GM1 binding and loop assays. LTB protein was expressed and efficiently entrapped into the alginate NPs. The size of NPs was less than 50 nm, and entrapment efficiency was 80%. Western blotting showed maintenance of the molecular weight and antigenicity of the released protein from NPs. Administration of LTB-entrapped NPs stimulated antibody responses in immunized mice. Immunization induced protection against LT toxin of ETEC in ileal loops and inhibits enterotoxin binding to GM1-gangliosides. Alginate NPs are also appropriate vehicle for antigen delivery purpose. Moreover because of their astonishing properties, they have the potential to serve as an adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Kordbacheh
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Nazarian
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Hajizadeh
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Sadeghi
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Zeinalzadeh N, Salmanian AH, Goujani G, Amani J, Ahangari G, Akhavian A, Jafari M. A Chimeric protein of CFA/I, CS6 subunits and LTB/STa toxoid protects immunized mice against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Microbiol Immunol 2017; 61:272-279. [PMID: 28543534 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli (ETEC) strains are the commonest bacteria causing diarrhea in children in developing countries and travelers to these areas. Colonization factors (CFs) and enterotoxins are the main virulence determinants in ETEC pathogenesis. Heterogeneity of CFs is commonly considered the bottleneck to developing an effective vaccine. It is believed that broad spectrum protection against ETEC would be achieved by induced anti-CF and anti-enterotoxin immunity simultaneously. Here, a fusion antigen strategy was used to construct a quadrivalent recombinant protein called 3CL and composed of CfaB, a structural subunit of CFA/I, and CS6 structural subunits, LTB and STa toxoid of ETEC. Its anti-CF and antitoxin immunogenicity was then assessed. To achieve high-level expression, the 3CL gene was synthesized using E. coli codon bias. Female BALB/C mice were immunized with purified recombinant 3CL. Immunized mice developed antibodies that were capable of detecting each recombinant subunit in addition to native CS6 protein and also protected the mice against ETEC challenge. Moreover, sera from immunized mice also neutralized STa toxin in a suckling mouse assay. These results indicate that 3CL can induce anti-CF and neutralizing antitoxin antibodies along with introducing CFA/I as a platform for epitope insertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Zeinalzadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz
| | - Ali Hatef Salmanian
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahrak-e- Pajoohesh, km 15, Tehran-Karaj Highway
| | - Goli Goujani
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahrak-e- Pajoohesh, km 15, Tehran-Karaj Highway
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
| | - Ghasem Ahangari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asal Akhavian
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahrak-e- Pajoohesh, km 15, Tehran-Karaj Highway
| | - Mahyat Jafari
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahrak-e- Pajoohesh, km 15, Tehran-Karaj Highway
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18
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Khalouie F, Mousavi SL, Nazarian S, Amani J, Pourfarzam P. Immunogenic evaluation of chimeric recombinant protein against ETEC, EHEC and Shigella. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2017; 6:101-112. [PMID: 29071279 PMCID: PMC5640892 DOI: 10.22099/mbrc.2017.4081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diarrheal diseases still remain health problem worldwide and out of many bacteria responsible for, Shigella and pathogenic Escherichia cause the most diarrheas in the world. Shigellacause bacterial dysenteries and shigellosis through invasion where the most effective proteins for pathogenesis is Ipac. Critical virulence protein for ETEC infection is CFA/I with two subunits called cfab and cfae. . Attachment of EHEC is the main step of infection and the protein Intimin plays the key role in this function. Protection against the vast majority of responsible pathogens of diarrheas requires development of the combination vaccine against Shigella, ETEC and EHEC. In the present study, a multisubunitprotein (CII) containing immunologically significant parts of CfaB, IpaC and Intimin was designed. The chimeric gene (CII) was codon optimized and analyzed with different bioinformatic servers, then synthesized and expressed in E. coli. Mice, Guinea pig and, Caco-2 Cell line were used as challenge models for EHEC, shigella and ETEC respectively. The chimeric protein induced significant immune response and therefore could be a suitable vaccine candidate against these three pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzane Khalouie
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Latif Mousavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Nazarian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Poune Pourfarzam
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Zhang L, Hu C, Yang W, Liu X, Wu Y. Chemical Synthesis, Versatile Structures and Functions of Tailorable Adjuvants for Optimizing Oral Vaccination. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:34933-34950. [PMID: 27935687 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b10470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Oral vaccines have become a recent focus because of their potential significance in disease prevention and therapy. In the development of oral vaccine-based therapeutics, synthetic materials with tailorable structures and versatile functions can act as antigen conveyers with adjuvant effects, reduce the time cost for vaccine optimization, and provide high security and enhanced immunity. This review presents an overview of the current status of tailoring synthetic adjuvants for oral vaccination, modification strategies for producing effectors with specific structures and functions, enhancement of immune-associated efficiencies, including the barrier-crossing capability to protect antigens in the gastrointestinal tract, coordination of the antigens penetrating mucosa and cell barriers, targeting of concentrated antigens to immune-associated cells, and direct stimulation of immune cells. Finally, we focus on prospective synthetic adjuvants that facilitate the use of oral vaccines via two approaches, namely, in vivo antigen expression and cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chaohua Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wendi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yunkun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou 350002, China
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20
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Rapid and Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction-Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detection of Escherichia coli LT Toxin From Clinical Isolates. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2016. [DOI: 10.5812/archcid.36261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Gheibi Hayat SM, Mousavi Gargari SL, Nazarian S. Construction and immunogenic properties of a chimeric protein comprising CfaE, CfaB and LTB against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Biologicals 2016; 44:503-510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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22
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Intestinal Enteroids Model Guanylate Cyclase C-Dependent Secretion Induced by Heat-Stable Enterotoxins. Infect Immun 2016; 84:3083-91. [PMID: 27481254 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00639-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) causes ∼20% of the acute infectious diarrhea (AID) episodes worldwide, often by producing heat-stable enterotoxins (STs), which are peptides structurally homologous to paracrine hormones of the intestinal guanylate cyclase C (GUCY2C) receptor. While molecular mechanisms mediating ST-induced intestinal secretion have been defined, advancements in therapeutics have been hampered for decades by the paucity of disease models that integrate molecular and functional endpoints amenable to high-throughput screening. Here, we reveal that mouse and human intestinal enteroids in three-dimensional ex vivo cultures express the components of the GUCY2C secretory signaling axis. ST and its structural analog, linaclotide, an FDA-approved oral secretagog, induced fluid accumulation quantified simultaneously in scores of enteroid lumens, recapitulating ETEC-induced intestinal secretion. Enteroid secretion depended on canonical molecular signaling events responsible for ETEC-induced diarrhea, including cyclic GMP (cGMP) produced by GUCY2C, activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), and opening of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of CFTR abrogated enteroid fluid secretion, providing proof of concept for the utility of this model to screen antidiarrheal agents. Intestinal enteroids offer a unique model, integrating the GUCY2C signaling axis and luminal fluid secretion, to explore the pathophysiology of, and develop platforms for, high-throughput drug screening to identify novel compounds to prevent and treat ETEC diarrheal disease.
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23
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Kazemi R, Akhavian A, Amani J, Salimian J, Motamedi MJ, Mousavi A, Jafari M, Salmanian AH. Immunogenic properties of trivalent recombinant protein composed of B-subunits of LT, STX-2, and CT toxins. Microbes Infect 2016; 18:421-429. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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24
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Doavi T, Mousavi SL, Kamali M, Amani J, Fasihi Ramandi M. Chitosan-Based Intranasal Vaccine against Escherichia coli O157:H7. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2016; 20:97-108. [PMID: 26724233 PMCID: PMC4726890 DOI: 10.7508/ibj.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: EnterohemorrhagicEscherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is an infectious zoonotic pathogen causing human infections. These infections, in some cases, can lead to hemolytic uremic syndrome and its life-threatening complications and even death worldwide. The first intimate bacterial adhesion, intimin (I), with its own receptor translocated intimin receptor (Tir) and E. coli secreted protein A, acting as Tir conduit, are highly immunogenic proteins for vaccine development against E. coli O157:H7. Methods: A chimeric trivalent recombinant protein was previously found to be a suitable strategy for developing vaccines against E. coli O157:H7. In this study, the recombinant EIT (rEIT) was used to design a protective EHEC nasal nanovaccine. Chitosan and its water-soluble derivative, trimethylated chitosan (TMC), as muco-adhesive biopolymers, are good candidates for preparation of nanovaccines. Using the electrospraying technique, as a novel method, we could obtain particles of rEIT loaded with chitosan and TMC on a nanometer scale. Mice were immunized with intranasal administration or intrapretoneal injection of rEIT. Results: The rEIT-specific immune responses (IgG and IgA) were measured by indirect ELISA. Only nasal administration of chitosan electrospray and TMC formulation produced significant secretion IgA. Intranasal administration of nanovaccine reduced the duration of bacterial fecal shedding on mice challenged with E. coli O157:H7. Conclusion: Since development of mucosal vaccines for the prevention of infectious diseases requires efficient antigen delivery; therefore, this research could be a new strategy for developing vaccine against E. coli O157:H7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahere Doavi
- Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Latif Mousavi
- Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Kamali
- Nano Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Fasihi Ramandi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Zhang L, Zeng Z, Hu C, Bellis SL, Yang W, Su Y, Zhang X, Wu Y. Controlled and targeted release of antigens by intelligent shell for improving applicability of oral vaccines. Biomaterials 2016; 77:307-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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26
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Farsani HH, Rasooli I, Gargari SLM, Nazarian S, Astaneh SDA. Recombinant outer membrane protein F-B subunit of LT protein as a prophylactic measure against Pseudomonas aeruginosa burn infection in mice. World J Methodol 2015; 5:230-237. [PMID: 26713284 PMCID: PMC4686421 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v5.i4.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To study immunogenicity of outer membrane protein F (OprF) fused with B subunit of LT (LTB), against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa).
METHODS: The OprF, a major surface exposed outer membrane protein that is antigenically conserved in various strains of P. aeruginosa, is a promising immunogen against P. aeruginosa. In the present study recombinant OprF and OprF-LTB fusion gene was cloned, expressed and purified. BALB/c mice and rabbits were immunized using recombinant OprF and OprF-LTB and challenged at the burn site with P. aeruginosa lethal dose of 104 CFU. The protective efficacy of rabbit anti OprF IgG against P. aeruginosa burn infection was investigated by passive immunization.
RESULTS: It has been well established that the LTB is a powerful immunomodulator with strong adjuvant activity. LTB as a bacterial adjuvant enhanced immunogenicity of OprF and anti OprF IgG titer in serum was increased. Experimental findings showed significantly higher average survival rate in burned mice immunized with OprF-LTB than immunized with OprF or the control group. Rabbits anti OprF IgG brought about 75% survival of mice following challenge with P. aeruginosa. Post challenge hepatic and splenic tissues of mice group immunized with OprF-LTB had significantly lower bacterial load than those immunized with OprF or the control groups.
CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that LTB-fused OprF might be a potential candidate protein for a prophylactic measure against P. aeruginosa in burn infection.
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Sharma R, Agrawal U, Mody N, Vyas SP. Polymer nanotechnology based approaches in mucosal vaccine delivery: challenges and opportunities. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 33:64-79. [PMID: 25499178 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal sites serve as the main portal for the entry of pathogens and thus immunization through mucosal routes can greatly improve the immunity. Researchers are continuously exploring the vaccination strategies to engender protective mucosal immune responses. Unearthing of mucosal adjuvants, that are safe and effective, is enhancing the magnitude and quality of the protective immune response. Use of nanotechnology based polymeric nanocarrier systems which encapsulate vaccine components for protection of sensitive payload, incorporate mucosal adjuvants to maximize the immune responses and target the mucosal immune system is a key strategy to improve the effectiveness of mucosal vaccines. These advances promise to accelerate the development and testing of new mucosal vaccines against many human diseases. This review focuses on the need for the development of nanocarrier based mucosal vaccines with emphases on the polymeric nanoparticles, their clinical status and future perspectives. This review focuses on the need and new insights for the development of nanoarchitecture governed mucosal vaccination with emphases on the various polymeric nanoparticles, their clinical status and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Sharma
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. H. S. Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, M.P. 470003 India.
| | - Udita Agrawal
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. H. S. Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, M.P. 470003 India.
| | - Nishi Mody
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. H. S. Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, M.P. 470003 India.
| | - Suresh P Vyas
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. H. S. Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, M.P. 470003 India.
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Alerasol M, Mousavi Gargari SL, Nazarian S, Bagheri S. Immunogenicity of a fusion protein comprising coli surface antigen 3 and labile B subunit of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2014; 18:212-218. [PMID: 25326019 PMCID: PMC4225060 DOI: 10.6091/ibj.1344.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains are the major causes of diarrheal disease in humans and animals. Colonization factors and enterotoxins are the major virulence factors in ETEC pathogenesis. For the broad-spectrum protection against ETEC, one could focus on colonization factors and non-toxic heat labile as a vaccine candidate. Methods: A fusion protein is composed of a major fimbrial subunit of coli surface antigen 3, and the heat-labile B subunit (LTB) was constructed as a chimeric immunogen. For optimum level expression of protein, the gene was synthesized with codon bias of E. coli. Also, recombinant protein was expressed in E. coli BL21DE3. ELISA and Western tests were carried out for determination of antigen and specificity of antibody raised against recombinant protein in animals. The anti-toxicity and anti-adherence properties of the immune sera against ETEC were also evaluated. Results: Immunological analyses showed the production of high titer of specific antibody in immunized mice. The built-in LTB retains native toxin properties which were approved by GM1 binding assay. Pre-treatment of the ETEC cells with anti-sera significantly decreased their adhesion to Caco-2 cells. Conclusion: The results indicated the efficacy of the recombinant chimeric protein as an effective immunogen inducing strong humoral response. The designated chimer would be an interesting prototype for a vaccine and worthy of further investigation.
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Salvador A, Igartua M, Hernández RM, Pedraz JL. Designing improved poly lactic-co-glycolic acid microspheres for a malarial vaccine: incorporation of alginate and polyinosinic-polycytidilic acid. J Microencapsul 2014; 31:560-6. [PMID: 24697189 DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2014.885608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination using proteins and peptides is currently gaining importance. One of the major drawbacks of this approach is the lack of an efficient immune response when the antigens are administered without adjuvants. In this study, we have taken the advantage of a combined adjuvant system in order to improve the immunogenicity of the SPf66 malarial antigen. For that purpose, we have combined poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid microspheres, alginate, and polyinosinic polycytidilic acid. Our results show that microspheres can enhance the IgG production obtained with Freund's complete adjuvant. We have attributed this improvement to the presence of polyinosinic polycytidilic acid, since formulations comprising this adjuvant overcame the immune response from the others. In addition, our microspheres produced both IgG1 and IgG2a, leading to mixed Th1/Th2 activation, optimal for malaria vaccination. In conclusion, we have designed a preliminary formulation with a high potential for the treatment of malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiala Salvador
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, Vitoria, Spain and
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