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Tabassum R, Sarkar PP, Jalal AH, Ashraf A, Islam N. Laser-Induced Electrochemical Biosensor Modified with Graphene-Based Ink for Label-Free Detection of Alpha-Fetoprotein and 17β-Estradiol. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2069. [PMID: 39065385 PMCID: PMC11280801 DOI: 10.3390/polym16142069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this research, a novel electrochemical biosensor is proposed based on inducing graphene formation on polyimide substrate via laser engraving. Graphene polyaniline (G-PANI) conductive ink was synthesized by planetary mixing and applied to the working zone of the developed sensor to effectively enhance the electrical signals. The laser-induced graphene (LIG) sensor was used to detect alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and 17β-Estradiol (E2) in the phosphate buffer saline (PBS) buffer and human serum. The electrochemical performance of the biosensor in determining these biomarkers was investigated by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and chronoamperometry (CA). In a buffer environment, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and 17β-Estradiol detection range were 4-400 ng/mL and 20-400 pg/mL respectively. The experimental results showed a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.15 ng/mL and 0.96 pg/mL for AFP and estrogen, respectively, with an excellent linear range (R2 = 0.98 and 0.99). In addition, the designed sensor was able to detect these two types of biomarkers in human serum successfully. The proposed sensor exhibited excellent reproducibility, repeatability, and good stability (relative standard deviation, RSD = 0.96%, 1.12%, 2.92%, respectively). The electrochemical biosensor proposed herein is easy to prepare and can be successfully used for low-cost, rapid detection of AFP and E2. This approach provides a promising platform for clinical detection and is advantageous to healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridma Tabassum
- Graduate Research Assistant, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA; (R.T.); (P.P.S.)
| | - Pritu Parna Sarkar
- Graduate Research Assistant, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA; (R.T.); (P.P.S.)
| | - Ahmed Hasnain Jalal
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA;
| | - Ali Ashraf
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA;
| | - Nazmul Islam
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA;
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2
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Shan CW, Chen Z, Han GC, Feng XZ, Kraatz HB. Electrochemical immuno-biosensors for the detection of the tumor marker alpha-fetoprotein: A review. Talanta 2024; 271:125638. [PMID: 38237279 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a glycoprotein that has many important physiological functions, including transportation, immunosuppression, and induction of apoptosis by T lymphocytes. AFP is closely related to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and many kinds of tumors, all of which can show high concentrations, so it is used as a positive test indicator for many kinds of tumors. This paper reviews recent advances in the detection of the tumor marker AFP based on three immuno-biosensors: electrochemical (EC), photoelectrochemical (PEC), and electrochemical luminescence (ECL). The electrodes are modified by different materials or homemade composites, different signaling molecules are selected as single probes or dual probes for the detection of AFP. The detection limit was as low as 3 fg/mL, which indicated that the AFP immunosensor had achieved highly sensitive detection. In addition, we also reviewed and summarized the current development status and application prospect of AFP immunoelectrochemical sensors. There are not too many researches on immunosensors based on dual-signal ratios, and the commonly used probes are methylene blue (MB) and ferrocene (Fc). It would be more innovative to have more novel signaling molecules as probes to prepare dual-signal ratio sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Wei Shan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guangxi Human Physiological Information Non Invasive Detection Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors and Intelligent Instruments, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Zhencheng Chen
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guangxi Human Physiological Information Non Invasive Detection Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors and Intelligent Instruments, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Guo-Cheng Han
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guangxi Human Physiological Information Non Invasive Detection Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors and Intelligent Instruments, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Zhen Feng
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guangxi Human Physiological Information Non Invasive Detection Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors and Intelligent Instruments, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - Heinz-Bernhard Kraatz
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1065 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, M1C 1A4, Canada.
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Negahdary M, Angnes L. Recent advances in electrochemical nanomaterial-based aptasensors for the detection of cancer biomarkers. Talanta 2023; 259:124548. [PMID: 37062088 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
New technologies have provided suitable tools for rapid diagnosis of cancer which can reduce treatment costs and even increase patients' survival rates. Recently, the development of electrochemical aptamer-based nanobiosensors has raised great hopes for early, sensitive, selective, and low-cost cancer diagnosis. Here, we reviewed the flagged recent research (2021-2023) developed as a series of biosensors equipped with nanomaterials and aptamer sequences (nanoaptasensors) to diagnose/prognosis of various types of cancers. Equipping these aptasensors with nanomaterials and using advanced biomolecular technologies have provided specified biosensing interfaces for more optimal and reliable detection of cancer biomarkers. The primary intention of this review was to present and categorize the latest innovations used in the design of these diagnostic tools, including the hottest surface modifications and assembly of sensing bioplatforms considering diagnostic mechanisms. The main classification is based on applying various nanomaterials and sub-classifications considered based on the type of analyte and other vital features. This review may help design subsequent electrochemical aptasensors. Likewise, the up-to-date status, remaining limitations, and possible paths for translating aptasensors to clinical cancer assay tools can be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Negahdary
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Lúcio Angnes
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil.
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4
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Lu S, Lin Y, Lin Z, Shi B. Sensitive and Label‐Free Electrochemical Immunosensor for Alpha Fetoprotein Based on N‐Doped Hollow Nanocarbon Spheres Decorated with Gold Nanoparticles. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyun Lu
- Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital Fuzhou Fujian PR China
| | - Yun Lin
- Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch Fuzhou Fujian PR China
| | - Zhihui Lin
- Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital Fuzhou Fujian PR China
| | - Bing Shi
- Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch Fuzhou Fujian PR China
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5
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Negahdary M, Hirata MH, Sakata SK, Ciconelli RM, Bastos GM, Borges JB, Thurow HS, Junior ATS, Sampaio MF, Guimarães LB, Maeda BS, Angnes L. Sandwich-like electrochemical aptasensing of heat shock protein 70 kDa (HSP70): Application in diagnosis/prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1242:340716. [PMID: 36657883 PMCID: PMC9729787 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this research, by using aptamer-conjugated gold nanoparticles (aptamer-AuNPs) and a modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and Acropora-like gold (ALG) nanostructure, a sandwich-like system provided for sensitive detection of heat shock protein 70 kDa (HSP70), which applied as a functional biomarker in diagnosis/prognosis of COVID-19. Initially, the surface of the GCE was improved with rGO and ALG nanostructures, respectively. Then, an aptamer sequence as the first part of the bioreceptor was covalently bound on the surface of the GCE/rGO/ALG nanostructures. After adding the analyte, the second part of the bioreceptor (aptamer-AuNPs) was immobilized on the electrode surface to improve the diagnostic performance. The designed aptasensor detected HSP70 in a wide linear range, from 5 pg mL-1 to 75 ng mL-1, with a limit of detection (LOD) of ∼2 pg mL-1. The aptasensor was stable for 3 weeks and applicable in detecting 40 real plasma samples of COVID-19 patients. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 90% and 85%, respectively, compared with the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Negahdary
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil,Corresponding author
| | - Mario Hiroyuki Hirata
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av Prof Lineu Prestes 580, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Solange Kazumi Sakata
- Nuclear and Energy Research Institute, National Commission of Nuclear Energy (IPEN/CNEN - SP), São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | | | - Gisele Medeiros Bastos
- Research and Education Division, Hospital A Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Bassani Borges
- Research and Education Division, Hospital A Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena Strelow Thurow
- Research and Education Division, Hospital A Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alceu Totti Silveira Junior
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ferraz Sampaio
- Research and Education Division, Hospital A Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Sussumu Maeda
- Research and Education Division, Hospital A Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lúcio Angnes
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil,Corresponding author
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6
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Negahdary M, Akira Ameku W, Gomes Santos B, dos Santos Lima I, Gomes de Oliveira T, Carvalho França M, Angnes L. Recent electrochemical sensors and biosensors for toxic agents based on screen-printed electrodes equipped with nanomaterials. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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7
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Ouyang R, Jiang L, Xie X, Yuan P, Zhao Y, Li Y, Tamayo AIB, Liu B, Miao Y. Ti 3C 2@Bi 2O 3 nanoaccordion for electrochemical determination of miRNA-21. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:52. [PMID: 36639422 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05624-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Based on a dual signal amplification strategy of novel accordion-like Bi2O3-decorated Ti3C2 (Ti3C2@Bi2O3) nanocomposites and hybridization chain reaction (HCR), an ultra-sensitive electrochemical biosensor was constructed for miRNA-21 detection. By etching Ti3AlC2 with HF, Ti3C2 with an accordion-like structure was first obtained and subsequently covered by Bi2O3 nanoparticles (NPs), forming Ti3C2@Bi2O3. A layer of Au NPs was electrodeposited on the glassy carbon electrode coated with Ti3C2@Bi2O3, which not only significantly improved the electron transport capacity of the electrode but also greatly increased its surface active area. Upon the immobilization of the thiolated capture probe (SH-CP) on the electrode, the target miRNA-21 specifically hybridized with SH-CP and thus opened its hairpin structure, triggering HCR to form a long double strand with the primers H1 and H2. A large number of the electrochemical indicator molecules were thus embedded inside the long double strands to produce the desirable electrochemical signal at a potential of - 0.19 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). Such dual signal amplification strategy successfully endowed the biosensor with ultra-high sensitivity for miRNA-21 detection in a wide linear range from 1 fM to 100 pM with a detection limit as low as 0.16 fM. The excellent detection of miRNA-21 in human blood plasma displayed a broad prospect in clinical diagnosis. An ultra-sensitive electrochemical biosensor was successfully constructed for miRNA-21 detection in human blood plasma based on the dual signal amplification strategy of novel accordion-like Bi2O3 decorated Ti3C2 (Ti3C2@Bi2O3) nanocomposites and hybridization chain reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhuo Ouyang
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China. .,USST-UH International Joint Laboratory for Tumor Diagnosis and Energy Treatment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lan Jiang
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.,USST-UH International Joint Laboratory for Tumor Diagnosis and Energy Treatment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjin Xie
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.,USST-UH International Joint Laboratory for Tumor Diagnosis and Energy Treatment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Yuan
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Circulation, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yuefeng Zhao
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.,USST-UH International Joint Laboratory for Tumor Diagnosis and Energy Treatment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.,USST-UH International Joint Laboratory for Tumor Diagnosis and Energy Treatment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Abel Ibrahim Balbín Tamayo
- USST-UH International Joint Laboratory for Tumor Diagnosis and Energy Treatment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana, 10400, Havana, Cuba
| | - Baolin Liu
- USST-UH International Joint Laboratory for Tumor Diagnosis and Energy Treatment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yuqing Miao
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.,USST-UH International Joint Laboratory for Tumor Diagnosis and Energy Treatment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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8
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Current Update on Biomarkers for Detection of Cancer: Comprehensive Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122138. [PMID: 36560548 PMCID: PMC9787556 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Early and effective diagnosis of cancer is decisive for its proper management. In this context biomarker-based cancer diagnosis is budding as one of the promising ways for early detection, disease progression monitoring, and effective cancer therapy. Integration of Biosensing devices with different metallic/nonmetallic nanoparticles offers amplification and multiplexing capabilities for simultaneous detection of cancer biomarkers (CB's). This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the most recent designs and fabrication methodologies designed for developing electrochemical biosensors (EB) for early detection of cancers. The role of biomarkers in cancer therapeutics is also discussed.
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9
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Tran Ngoc Huy D, Iswanto AH, Catalan Opulencia MJ, Al-Saikhan F, Timoshin A, Abed AM, Ahmad I, Blinova SA, Hammid AT, Mustafa YF, Van Tuan P. Optical and Electrochemical Aptasensors Developed for the Detection of Alpha-Fetoprotein. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022; 54:857-871. [PMID: 35969067 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2099221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a leading cause of cancer mortality, is decisive for successful treatment of this type of cancer and increasing the patients' survival rate. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a glycoprotein that has been currently employed as a potential serological biomarker for determination of HCC and several other cancers. Achieving highly sensitive and specific detection of this biomarker is an effective strategy to inhibit developing issues caused by the cancer. Though, traditional procedures cannot meet the requirements due to the technical drawbacks. Recently, growing number of aptamer-based biosensors (aptasensors) attracted important attention as superior diagnostic tools because of their unique properties such as high stability, target versatility and remarkable affinity and selectivity. Nanomaterials, which broadly employed in the structure of these aptasensors, can considerably enhance the detection limit and sensitivity of analytes determination. Therefore, this review selectively investigated the recent progresses in several different optical and electrochemical aptasensors and nano-aptasensors designed for AFP assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinh Tran Ngoc Huy
- MBA, Banking University HCMC, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- International University of Japan, Niigata, Japan
| | - A Heri Iswanto
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Health Science, University of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Fahad Al-Saikhan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anton Timoshin
- Department of Propaedeutics of Dental Diseases, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Azher M Abed
- Department of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sofiya A Blinova
- Department of Histology, Embryology, and Cytology, Samarkand State Medical Institute, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Ali Thaeer Hammid
- Computer Engineering Department, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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Negahdary M, Angnes L. Application of electrochemical biosensors for the detection of microRNAs (miRNAs) related to cancer. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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11
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Negahdary M, Angnes L. An aptasensing platform for detection of heat shock protein 70 kDa (HSP70) using a modified gold electrode with lady fern-like gold (LFG) nanostructure. Talanta 2022; 246:123511. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Pusta A, Tertis M, Graur F, Cristea C, Al Hajjar N. Aptamers and New Bioreceptors for the Electrochemical Detection of Biomarkers Expressed in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4363-4390. [PMID: 35196969 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220222113707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a malignancy associated with high mortality and increasing incidence. Early detection of this disease could help increase survival and overall patient benefit. Non-invasive strategies for the diagnosis of this medical condition are of utmost importance. In this scope, the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma biomarkers could provide a useful diagnostic tool. Aptamers represent as short, single-stranded DNAs or RNAs that can specifically bind selected analytes, and also as pseudo-biorecognition elements that can be employed for electrode functionalization. Also, other types of DNA sequences can be used for the construction of DNA-based biosensors applied for the quantification of hepatocellular carcinoma biomarkers. Herein, we will be analyzing recent examples of aptasensors and DNA biosensors for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma biomarkers like micro-RNAs, long non-coding RNAs, exosomes, circulating tumor cells and proteins. The literature data is discussed comparatively in a critical manner highlighting the advantages of using electrochemical biosensors in diagnosis, as well as the use of nanomaterials and biocomponents in the functionalization of electrodes for improved sensitivity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Pusta
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy,"Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Medical Devices, Faculty of Pharmacy,"Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Mihaela Tertis
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy,"Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Florin Graur
- Department of Surgery, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Romania
| | - Cecilia Cristea
- Department of Medical Devices, Faculty of Pharmacy,"Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Nadim Al Hajjar
- Department of Surgery, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Romania
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Negahdary M, Angnes L. Electrochemical nanobiosensors equipped with peptides: a review. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:94. [PMID: 35132460 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05184-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent research in the field of electrochemical biosensors equipped with peptides and nanomaterials have been categorized, reviewed, and critically analyzed. Indeed, using these innovative biosensors can revolutionize biomedical diagnostics in the future. Saving lives, time, and money in this field will be considered as some main benefits of this type of diagnosis. Here, these biosensors have been categorized and evaluated in four main sections. In the first section, the focus is on investigating the types of electrochemical peptide-based nanobiosensors applied to detect pathogenic microorganisms, microbial toxins, and viruses. In the second section, due to the importance of rapid diagnosis and prognosis of various cancers, the electrochemical peptide-based nanobiosensors designed to detect cancer biomarkers have been reviewed and analyzed. In the third section, the electrochemical peptide-based nanobiosensors, which were applied to detect the essential and effective biomolecules in the various diseases, and health control, including enzymes, hormones, biomarkers, and other biomolecules, have been considered. Finally, using a comprehensive analysis, all the used elements in these biosensors have been presented as conceptual diagrams that can effectively guide researchers in future developments. The essential factors in evaluating and analyzing these electrochemical peptide-based nanobiosensors such as analyte, peptide sequence, functional groups interacted between the peptide sequences and other biosensing components, the applied nanomaterials, diagnostic techniques, detection range, and limit of detection have also been included. Other analyzable items such as the type of used redox marker and the location of the peptide sequence against the signal transducer were also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Negahdary
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Lúcio Angnes
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil.
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14
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Fatrekar AP, Morajkar R, Krishnan S, Dusane A, Madhyastha H, Vernekar AA. Delineating the Role of Tailored Gold Nanostructures at the Biointerface. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:8172-8191. [PMID: 35005942 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gold (Au) has emerged as a superior element, because of its widespread applications in electronic and medical fields. The desirable physical, chemical, optical, and inherent enzyme-like properties of Au are efficiently exploited for detection, diagnostic, and therapeutic purposes. Au offers a unique advantage of fabricating gold nanostructures (GNS) having exact physical, chemical, optical, and enzyme-like properties required for the specific biomedical application. In this Review, the emerging trend of GNS for various biomedical applications is highlighted. Some notable structural and chemical modifications achieved for the detection of biomolecules, pathogens, diagnosis of diseases, and therapeutic applications are discussed in brief. The limitations of GNS during biomedical usage are highlighted and the way forward to overcome these limitations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adarsh P Fatrekar
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai 600 020, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
| | - Rasmi Morajkar
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai 600 020, India
| | | | - Apurva Dusane
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai 600 020, India
| | - Harishkumar Madhyastha
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Amit A Vernekar
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai 600 020, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
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15
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A simple label-free electrochemical sensor for sensitive detection of alpha-fetoprotein based on specific aptamer immobilized platinum nanoparticles/carboxylated-graphene oxide. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13969. [PMID: 34234187 PMCID: PMC8263621 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93399-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A label-free electrochemical aptamer-based sensor has been fabricated for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) detection. Platinum nanoparticles on carboxylated-graphene oxide (PtNPs/GO-COOH) modified screen-printed graphene-carbon paste electrode (SPGE) was utilized as an immobilization platform, and the AFP aptamer was employed as a bio-recognition element. The synthesized GO-COOH helps to increase the surface area and amounts of the immobilized aptamer. Subsequently, PtNPs are decorated on GO-COOH to enhance electrical conductivity and an oxidation current of the hydroquinone electrochemical probe. The aptamer selectively interacts with AFP, causing a decrease in the peak current of the hydroquinone because the binding biomolecules on the electrode surface hinder the electron transfer of the redox probe. Effects of aptamer concentration and AFP incubation time were studied, and the current changes of the redox probe before and after AFP binding were investigated by square wave voltammetry. The developed aptasensor provides a linear range from 3.0–30 ng mL−1 with a detection limit of 1.22 ng mL−1. Moreover, the aptamer immobilized electrode offers high selectivity to AFP molecules, good stability, and sensitive determination of AFP in human serum samples with high recoveries.
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Ștefan G, Hosu O, De Wael K, Lobo-Castañón MJ, Cristea C. Aptamers in biomedicine: Selection strategies and recent advances. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.137994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Malecka K, Mikuła E, Ferapontova EE. Design Strategies for Electrochemical Aptasensors for Cancer Diagnostic Devices. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21030736. [PMID: 33499136 PMCID: PMC7866130 DOI: 10.3390/s21030736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Improved outcomes for many types of cancer achieved during recent years is due, among other factors, to the earlier detection of tumours and the greater availability of screening tests. With this, non-invasive, fast and accurate diagnostic devices for cancer diagnosis strongly improve the quality of healthcare by delivering screening results in the most cost-effective and safe way. Biosensors for cancer diagnostics exploiting aptamers offer several important advantages over traditional antibodies-based assays, such as the in-vitro aptamer production, their inexpensive and easy chemical synthesis and modification, and excellent thermal stability. On the other hand, electrochemical biosensing approaches allow sensitive, accurate and inexpensive way of sensing, due to the rapid detection with lower costs, smaller equipment size and lower power requirements. This review presents an up-to-date assessment of the recent design strategies and analytical performance of the electrochemical aptamer-based biosensors for cancer diagnosis and their future perspectives in cancer diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Malecka
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima Str. 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Edyta Mikuła
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima Str. 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Elena E. Ferapontova
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-87156703
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Díaz-Fernández A, Lorenzo-Gómez R, Miranda-Castro R, de-Los-Santos-Álvarez N, Lobo-Castañón MJ. Electrochemical aptasensors for cancer diagnosis in biological fluids - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1124:1-19. [PMID: 32534661 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The tunability of SELEX procedure is an essential feature to supply bioaffinity receptors (aptamers) almost on demand for analytical and therapeutic purposes. This longstanding ambition is, however, not straightforward. Non-invasive cancer diagnosis, so called liquid biopsy, requires collection of body fluids with minimal or no sample pretreatment. In those raw matrices, aptamers must recognize minute amounts of biomarkers that are not unique entities but large sets of variants evolving with the disease stage. The susceptibility of aptasensors to assay conditions has driven the selection of aptamers to natural environments to ensure their optimum performance in clinical samples. We present herein a compilation of the SELEX procedures in natural milieus. By revising the electrochemical aptasensors applied to clinical samples for cancer diagnosis and tracing back to the original SELEX we analyze whether aptamers raised using these SELEX strategies are being incorporated to the diagnostic devices and how aptasensors are finding their way to a market dominated by antibody-based assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Díaz-Fernández
- Dpto. Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Ramón Lorenzo-Gómez
- Dpto. Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Rebeca Miranda-Castro
- Dpto. Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Noemí de-Los-Santos-Álvarez
- Dpto. Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - María Jesús Lobo-Castañón
- Dpto. Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011, Oviedo, Spain.
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Lorenzo-Gómez R, González-Robles D, Miranda-Castro R, de-los-Santos-Álvarez N, Lobo-Castañón MJ. On the Electrochemical Detection of Alpha-Fetoprotein Using Aptamers: DNA Isothermal Amplification Strategies to Improve the Performance of Weak Aptamers. BIOSENSORS 2020; 10:E46. [PMID: 32365872 PMCID: PMC7277757 DOI: 10.3390/bios10050046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Affinity characterization is essential to develop reliable aptamers for tumor biomarker detection. For alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), a biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), two DNA aptamers were described with very different affinity. In this work, we estimate the dissociation constant of both of them by means of a direct assay on magnetic beads modified with AFP and electrochemical detection on carbon screen-printed electrodes (SPCE). Unlike previous works, both aptamers showed similar dissociation constant (Kd) values, in the subµM range. In order to improve the performance of these aptamers, we proposed the isothermal amplification of the aptamers by both terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) and rolling circle amplification (RCA). Both DNA amplifications improved the sensitivity and also the apparent binding constants from 713 nM to 189 nM for the short aptamer and from 526 nM to 32 nM for the long aptamer. This improvement depends on the true affinity of the binding pair, which ultimately limits the analytical usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Lorenzo-Gómez
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (R.L.-G.); (D.G.-R.); (R.M.-C.); (N.d.-l.-S.-Á.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Daniel González-Robles
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (R.L.-G.); (D.G.-R.); (R.M.-C.); (N.d.-l.-S.-Á.)
| | - Rebeca Miranda-Castro
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (R.L.-G.); (D.G.-R.); (R.M.-C.); (N.d.-l.-S.-Á.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Noemí de-los-Santos-Álvarez
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (R.L.-G.); (D.G.-R.); (R.M.-C.); (N.d.-l.-S.-Á.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - María Jesús Lobo-Castañón
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (R.L.-G.); (D.G.-R.); (R.M.-C.); (N.d.-l.-S.-Á.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
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Negahdary M. Electrochemical aptasensors based on the gold nanostructures. Talanta 2020; 216:120999. [PMID: 32456913 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical aptasensors as novel diagnostic tools have attracted sufficient research interest in biomedical sciences. In this review, recent leading trends about gold (Au) nanostructures based electrochemical aptasensors have been collected, reviewed, and compared. Here, the considered electrochemical aptasensors were categorized based on the analytes and diagnostic techniques. Pharmaceutical analytes and biomolecules were reviewed in a separate section consisting of a variety of antibiotics, analgesics, and other biomolecules. Various aptasensors have also measured toxins, ions, and hazardous chemicals, and the findings of them have also been reviewed. Many aptasensors have been designed to detect different disease biomarkers that will play an essential role in the future of early diagnosis of diseases. Pathogen microorganisms have been considered as the analyte in several designed electrochemical aptasensors in recent researches, and their results have been reviewed and discussed as another section. Important aspects considered in the review of the mentioned aptasensors were the type of analyte, features of the aptamer as the biorecognition element, type of Au nanostructures, diagnostic technique, diagnostic mechanism, detection range and the limit of detection (LOD). In the last section, an in-depth analysis has been provided based on the crucial features of all included aptasensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Negahdary
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Negahdary M. Aptamers in nanostructure-based electrochemical biosensors for cardiac biomarkers and cancer biomarkers: A review. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 152:112018. [PMID: 32056737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Heart disease (especially myocardial infarction (MI)) and cancer are major causes of death. Recently, aptasensors with the applying of different nanostructures have been able to provide new windows for the early and inexpensive detection of these deadly diseases. Early, inexpensive, and accurate diagnosis by portable devices, especially aptasensors can increase the likelihood of survival as well as significantly reduce the cost of treatment. In this review, recent studies based on the designed aptasensors for the diagnosis of these diseases were collected, ordered, and reviewed. The biomarkers for the diagnosis of each disease were discussed separately. The primary constituent elements of these aptasensors including, analyte, aptamer sequence, type of nanostructure, diagnostic technique, analyte detection range, and limit of detection (LOD), were evaluated and compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Negahdary
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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McConnell EM, Cozma I, Morrison D, Li Y. Biosensors Made of Synthetic Functional Nucleic Acids Toward Better Human Health. Anal Chem 2019; 92:327-344. [PMID: 31656066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin M McConnell
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada , L8S 4K1
| | - Ioana Cozma
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada , L8S 4K1.,Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada , L8S 4K1
| | - Devon Morrison
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada , L8S 4K1
| | - Yingfu Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada , L8S 4K1
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