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Tan KB, Zheng M, Lin J, Zhu Y, Zhan G, Chen J. Fabrication of Abelmoschus manihot gum/pullulan/magnesium L-ascorbate green composite packaging film and its excellent performance in preserving fresh-cut carrots. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134546. [PMID: 39116972 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Pullulan-based composite film can be a potential alternative packing material to non-environmentally friendly plastic wrap (PE) to preserve fresh-cut carrots. However, many developed pullulan-based composites either have high water vapor permeability (WVP) and high mechanical strength or vice versa, which limits the practicality of the developed packaging materials for potential commercialization. Herein, Abelmoschus manihot gum (AMG)/pullulan/magnesium L-ascorbate (MLA) was created as a green composite film (APL) to preserve fresh-cut carrots. The optimal amount of MLA was found to be 10 % (APL10), demonstrating a balance of lower WVP and greater mechanical strength and antioxidant performance than many pullulan-based films. This effectively solved many problems faced by other pullulan-based packaging films. After the fresh-cut carrots were packed with the composite film for 4 days, it was found that APL10 was effective in preserving the quality of carrots, in terms of freshness, weight loss rate, Vitamin C (VC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content after 4 days of storage, much better than non-biodegradable PE. Thus, based on these findings, it is concluded that APL films have huge potential as a green packaging material for food to replace PE in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok Bing Tan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Avenue, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, PR China
| | - Meixia Zheng
- Institute of Crop Sciences (Fujian Germplasm Resources Center), Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, PR China
| | - Junyan Lin
- College of Food Engineering, Zhangzhou Institute of Technology, Zhangzhou 363000, PR China
| | - Yujing Zhu
- Institute of Crop Sciences (Fujian Germplasm Resources Center), Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, PR China
| | - Guowu Zhan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Avenue, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, PR China.
| | - Jianfu Chen
- College of Food Engineering, Zhangzhou Institute of Technology, Zhangzhou 363000, PR China.
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2
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Cheng Y, Zhang F, Zhao Y, Chen J, Yao W, Qian H. A "turn-on" fluorescence sensor for hydroquinone detection based on BSA doped carbon dots (BSA@CDs) from crawfish shells. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 325:125100. [PMID: 39260239 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.125100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
By using crawfish shells as the precursor and hydrothermal synthesis, Bovine serum albumin doped carbon dots (BSA@CDs) were prepared without excessive chemical reagents. The relationship between the fluorescence properties of different BSA@CDs and BSA amount was investigated by variouscharacterization techniques. When the amount of BSA added was 30 %, the prepared BSA@CDs' quantum yield (QY) reached 25.01 %, which was the highest. Inner Filter Effect (IFE) suggested that Cr (VI) can selectively quench the fluorescence of BSA@CDs. Cr (VI) can be reduced to Cr (III) by Hydroquinone (HQ), thus recovering the fluorescence. Accordingly, using BSA@CDs as a probe, a "turn-on" fluorescence sensor applied in HQ determination was constructed. The linear range was 10-200 µmol/L and limit of detection (LOD) was 0.18 µmol/L. Further, it has been employed to the determination of HQ in both crawfish tail meat and aquaculture water with good performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, PR China.
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, PR China
| | - Yajie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, PR China
| | - Jiannan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, PR China
| | - Weirong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, PR China
| | - He Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, PR China
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3
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Aryamol KS, Kanagaraj K, Nangan S, Haponiuk JT, Okhawilai M, Pandiaraj S, Hanif MB, Alodhayb AN, Thomas S, Thirumalaivasan N, Gopi S. Recent Advances of carbon Pathways for Sustainable Environment development. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118513. [PMID: 38368918 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are an emerging type of carbon nanomaterial with strong biocompatibility, distinct chemical and physical properties, and low toxicity. CDs may emit fluorescence in the ultraviolet (UV) to near-infrared (NIR) range, which renders them beneficial for biomedical applications. CDs are usually made from carbon precursors and can be synthesized using top-down and bottom-up methods and it can be easily functionalized using different methods. For specific cases of biomedical applications carbon dot functionalization augments the materials' characteristics. Novel functionalization techniques are still being investigated. This review will look at the benefits of functionalization to attain a high yield and various biological applications. Biomedical applications such as photodynamic and photothermal therapy, biosensing, bioimaging, and antiviral and antibacterial properties will be covered in this review. The future applications of green synthesized carbon dots will be determined in part by this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Aryamol
- School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarshini Hills, Athirampuzha, Kerala, India, 686560
| | - Kuppusamy Kanagaraj
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Senthilkumar Nangan
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Jozef T Haponiuk
- Polymers Technology Department, Gdansk University of Technology Building Chemia C, Room 201, Poland
| | - Manunya Okhawilai
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Polymeric Materials for Medical Practice Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Saravanan Pandiaraj
- Biological and Environmental Sensing Research Unit, King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Bilal Hanif
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Abdullah N Alodhayb
- Biological and Environmental Sensing Research Unit, King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabu Thomas
- School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarshini Hills, Athirampuzha, Kerala, India, 686560; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box, 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Natesan Thirumalaivasan
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sreeraj Gopi
- Polymers Technology Department, Gdansk University of Technology Building Chemia C, Room 201, Poland; Molecules Biolabs, Kinfra Industrial Estate, Koratty, Kerala, India, 680309.
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Mei H, Zhu X, Li Z, Jiang J, Wang H, Wang X, Zhou P. Manganese dioxide nanosheet-modulated ratiometric fluoroprobe based on carbon quantum dots from okra for selective and sensitive dichlorvos detection in foods. Food Chem 2024; 434:137507. [PMID: 37741246 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we developed a ratiometric fluoroprobe by integrating okra-derived carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with amplex red (AR) using manganese dioxide nanosheets (MnO2 NSs) as a medium. Fluorescence intensities (FIs) of CQDs were sharply quenched by MnO2 NSs via an inner-filter effect processes, whereas the FIs of AR were significantly enhanced due to oxidation of AR to AR-ox by the oxidase-mimetic activity of MnO2 NSs. Acetyrylcholinesterase hydrolyzed acetylthiocholine to produce thiocholine, and the decomposition of MnO2 NSs to Mn2+ by thiocholine led to the FI recovery of CQDs, but decreased FIs of AR-ox. Based on the above phenomenon and the inhibitory effect of dichlorvos (DDVP) on acetyrylcholinesterase activity, a novel ratiometric fluoroprobe for DDVP quantification was pioneered. Under optimized conditions, this fluoroprobe gave a wide linear range (4-120 μg/L), low detection limit (1.2 μg/L), and satisfactory fortification recoveries (90.0-110.0%), thereby providing good prospects for routine DDVP monitoring in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Mei
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, College of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; South Zhejiang Institute of Radiation Medicine and Nuclear Technology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325014, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, College of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Ziqian Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, College of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jiahui Jiang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, College of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Huili Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Xuedong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Peipei Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, College of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; South Zhejiang Institute of Radiation Medicine and Nuclear Technology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325014, China.
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Oladzadabbasabadi N, Dheyab MA, Nafchi AM, Ghasemlou M, Ivanova EP, Adhikari B. Turning food waste into value-added carbon dots for sustainable food packaging application: A review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 321:103020. [PMID: 37871382 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.103020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are a recent addition to the nanocarbon family, encompassing both crystalline and amorphous phases. They have sparked significant research interest due to their unique electrical and optical properties, remarkable biocompatibility, outstanding mechanical characteristics, customizable surface chemistry, and negligible cytotoxicity. Their current applications are mainly limited to flexible photonic and biomedical devices, but they have also garnered attention for their potential use in intelligent packaging. The conversion of food waste into CDs further contributes to the concept of the circular economy. It provides a comprehensive overview of emerging green technologies, energy-saving reactions, and cost-effective starting materials involved in the synthesis of CDs. It also highlights the unique properties of biomass-derived CDs, focusing on their structural performance, cellular toxicity, and functional characteristics. The application of CDs in the food industry, including food packaging, is summarized in a concise manner. This paper sheds light on the current challenges and prospects of utilizing CDs in the packaging industry. It aims to provide researchers with a roadmap to tailor the properties of CDs to suit specific applications in the food industry, particularly in food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammed Ali Dheyab
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Anbar, 31001 Ramadi, Iraq
| | - Abdorreza Mohammadi Nafchi
- Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia; Department of Food Science and Technology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Mehran Ghasemlou
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia.
| | - Elena P Ivanova
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia; Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001., Australia
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Zhang J, Zou L, Li Q, Wu H, Sun Z, Xu X, Shi L, Sun Z, Ma G. Carbon Dots Derived from Traditional Chinese Medicines with Bioactivities: A Rising Star in Clinical Treatment. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:3984-4001. [PMID: 37707491 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
In the field of carbon nanomaterials, carbon dots (CDs) have become a preferable choice in biomedical applications. Based on the concept of green chemistry, CDs derived from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have attracted extensive attention, including TCM charcoal drugs, TCM extracts, and TCM small molecules. The design and preparation of CDs from TCMs (TCMs-CDs) can improve the inherent characteristics of TCMs, such as solubility, particle size distribution, and so on. Compared with other precursor materials, TCMs-CDs have outstanding intrinsic bioactivities and potential pharmacological effects. However, the research of TCMs-CDs in biomedicine is not comprehensive, and their mechanisms have not been understood deeply either. In this review, we will provide concise insights into the recent development of TCMs-CDs, with a major focus on their preparation, formation, precursors, and bioactivities. Then we will discuss the perfect transformation from TCMs to TCMs-CDs. Finally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges for the application of TCMs-CDs in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Linjun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qinglong Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haifeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhonghao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xudong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Leiling Shi
- Xinjiang Institute of Chinese and Ethnic Medicine, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Zhaocui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guoxu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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Yang L, Ma J, Yang B. Fluorescent Carbon Dots Derived From Soy Sauce for Picric Acid Detection and Cell Imaging. J Fluoresc 2023; 33:1981-1993. [PMID: 36933123 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03207-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Picric acid (PA) is a powerful nitro-aromatic explosive that harms the environment and human health. Developing non-toxic and low-cost sensors for the rapid detection of PA is essential. An environment-friendly fluorescent probe for PA detection is designed based on carbon dots (CDs) directly separated from edible soy sauce by silica gel column chromatography. Neither organic reagents nor heating process was needed to prepare CDs. The obtained CDs exhibit bright blue fluorescence, good water solubility, and photostability. The fluorescent probe for PA was developed according to the CD's fluorescence can be significantly quenched via the inner filter effect between CDs and PA. The linear range was 0.2-24 µM with a limit of detection of 70 nM. This proposed method was successfully employed to detect PA in the real water samples with satisfactory recoveries between 98.0-104.0%. Moreover, the CDs were suitable for fluorescence imaging of HeLa cells owing to their low toxicity and good biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjuan Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianshui Normal University, 741001, Tianshui, Gansu, China
| | - Jie Ma
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianshui Normal University, 741001, Tianshui, Gansu, China.
| | - Benqun Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianshui Normal University, 741001, Tianshui, Gansu, China
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8
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Kaur I, Batra V, Kumar Reddy Bogireddy N, Torres Landa SD, Agarwal V. Detection of organic pollutants, food additives and antibiotics using sustainable carbon dots. Food Chem 2023; 406:135029. [PMID: 36463597 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The ecosystem across the globe has been adversely affected due to the adoption of unsustainable growth strategies. Overuse of organic pollutants such as dyes, pesticides, disinfectants, food additives and antibiotics, along with their release into the environment without proper treatment has severely affected the food chain and water bodies, hence ultimately the human race. As the organic contaminants, being non-biodegradable, persist in the environment for a long duration, a sustainable method for the detection of these harmful organic pollutants is essential. For food safety and restoration of ecological balance, simple, non-toxic, cost-effective and environmentally friendly green precursor derived carbon dots (CDs) are favorable as compared to inorganic nanoparticles (CdTe, CdS etc.) and chemically derived CDs. This review covers the summary of the studies devoted to the optical detection of organic pollutants, food additives and antibiotics through green precursor derived CDs, reported during the last few years. The upcoming studies of optical sensing systems with sustainable CDs provide powerful insight towards pollutant detection, as well as act as a future monitoring tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inderbir Kaur
- Department of Electronics, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi 110075, India
| | - Vandana Batra
- Department of Physics, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi 110075, India
| | | | - Simei Darinel Torres Landa
- Center for Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences (CIICAp-IICBA), Autonomous State University of Morelos (UAEM), Av. Univ. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, México
| | - Vivechana Agarwal
- Center for Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences (CIICAp-IICBA), Autonomous State University of Morelos (UAEM), Av. Univ. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, México.
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Jing HH, Bardakci F, Akgöl S, Kusat K, Adnan M, Alam MJ, Gupta R, Sahreen S, Chen Y, Gopinath SCB, Sasidharan S. Green Carbon Dots: Synthesis, Characterization, Properties and Biomedical Applications. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:27. [PMID: 36662074 PMCID: PMC9863160 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are a new category of crystalline, quasi-spherical fluorescence, "zero-dimensional" carbon nanomaterials with a spatial size between 1 nm to 10 nm and have gained widespread attention in recent years. Green CDs are carbon dots synthesised from renewable biomass such as agro-waste, plants or medicinal plants and other organic biomaterials. Plant-mediated synthesis of CDs is a green chemistry approach that connects nanotechnology with the green synthesis of CDs. Notably, CDs made with green technology are economical and far superior to those manufactured with physicochemical methods due to their exclusive benefits, such as being affordable, having high stability, having a simple protocol, and being safer and eco-benign. Green CDs can be synthesized by using ultrasonic strategy, chemical oxidation, carbonization, solvothermal and hydrothermal processes, and microwave irradiation using various plant-based organic resources. CDs made by green technology have diverse applications in biomedical fields such as bioimaging, biosensing and nanomedicine, which are ascribed to their unique properties, including excellent luminescence effect, strong stability and good biocompatibility. This review mainly focuses on green CDs synthesis, characterization techniques, beneficial properties of plant resource-based green CDs and their biomedical applications. This review article also looks at the research gaps and future research directions for the continuous deepening of the exploration of green CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Hui Jing
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Fevzi Bardakci
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sinan Akgöl
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Kevser Kusat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, DokuzEylül University, Izmir 35390, Turkey
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Jahoor Alam
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reena Gupta
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
| | - Sumaira Sahreen
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Yeng Chen
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Subash C. B. Gopinath
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia
| | - Sreenivasan Sasidharan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia
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El-Semary MS, El-Emam AA, Belal F, El-Masry AA. Microwave assisted synthesis of fluorescent hetero atom doped carbon dots for determination of betrixaban with greenness evaluation †. RSC Adv 2023; 13:11044-11054. [PMID: 37033428 PMCID: PMC10077337 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00824j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A simple, rapid and eco-friendly method for synthesis of nitrogen and sulfur doped carbon dots (N,S-CDs) is described. The method involved one step carbonization assisted by a green microwave irradiation route using available and cheap sources, as sucrose (source for C) and thiourea (source for N and S). The formed aqueous solution of N,S-CDs showed excellent optical and electronic properties with high compatibility and stability. The particles of the prepared dots were spherical with a narrow range of size from 1.7 to 3.7 nm with a quantum yield of 0.20. These dots act as a fluorescent probe, as they showed an intense blue fluorescence at 413 nm after excitation at 330 nm. The N,S-CDs were utilized for determination of the anticoagulant drug, betrixaban maleate (BTM), based on quenching of their fluorescence upon its gradual addition. The quenching process was found to be through an inner filter effect mechanism. The proposed method showed a good linearity over a concentration range of (1.0–100.0 μM) with LOD and LOQ values of 0.33 μM and 0.99 μM, respectively. All validation parameters met the acceptance criteria according to ICH guidelines. The high specificity and sensitivity of the performed method contributed to further assay of BTM in dosage form and spiked human plasma sample with high percent recoveries and low values of RSD. Interference from co-administered drugs was studied. Finally, the greenness of the proposed method was evaluated adopting a ComplexGapi approach, the excellent green profile has supported its applicability in quality control laboratories. Schematic sketch clarified the stepwise synthesis process of N,S-CDs.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam S. El-Semary
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University35516 MansouraEgypt+20 502200242+20 502200520
| | - Ali A. El-Emam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University35516 MansouraEgypt+20 502200242+20 502200520
| | - F. Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University35516 MansouraEgypt
| | - Amal A. El-Masry
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University35516 MansouraEgypt+20 502200242+20 502200520
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Chen J, Xia X, Li P, Yu H, Xie Y, Guo Y, Yao W, Qian H, Cheng Y. A facile “off-on” fluorescence sensor for pentachlorophenol detection based on natural N and S co-doped carbon dots from crawfish shells. Food Chem 2022; 405:134802. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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12
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Lan Y, Bao W, Liang C, Li G, Zhou L, Yang J, Wei L, Su Q. Synthesis of copper–nitrogen codoped carbon quantum dots using frangipani as a carbon source and application of metronidazole determination. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Kanwal A, Bibi N, Hyder S, Muhammad A, Ren H, Liu J, Lei Z. Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015-2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 13:1068-1107. [PMID: 36262178 PMCID: PMC9551278 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.13.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) show extensive potential in various fields such as sensing, bioimaging, catalysis, medicine, optoelectronics, and drug delivery due to their unique properties, that is, low cytotoxicity, cytocompatibility, water-solubility, multicolor wavelength tuned emission, photo-stability, easy modification, strong chemical inertness, etc. This review article especially focuses on the recent advancement (2015-2022) in the green synthesis of CDs, their application in metal ions sensing and microbial bioimaging, detection, and viability studies as well as their applications in pathogenic control and plant growth promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Kanwal
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710119, China
| | - Naheed Bibi
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Charsadda Road, Larama, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Hyder
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Arif Muhammad
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710119, China
| | - Hao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710119, China
| | - Jiangtao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Zhongli Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710119, China
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14
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Wang K, Wang X, Liu X, Li E, Zhao R, Yang S. Facile synthesis of dual emission carbon dots for the ratiometric fluorescent detection of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol and cell imaging. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Jariah A, Shiddiq M, Armynah B, Tahir D. Sensor Heavy Metal from Natural Resources for a Green Environment: A Review Relation Between Synthesis Method and Luminescence Properties of Carbon Dots. LUMINESCENCE 2022; 37:1246-1258. [PMID: 35671060 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots are 10-nm nanomaterial classes as excellent candidates in various applications: physics, biology, chemistry, and food science due to high stable biocompatibility and high surface expansive. Carbon dots (CDs) produced from natural materials have received wide attention due to their unique benefits, easy availabilities, sufficient costs, and harmless to the ecosystem. The various properties of CDs can be obtained from various synthesis methods: hydrothermal, microwave-assisted, and pyrolysis. The CDs have shown enormous potential in metal particle detection, colorimetric sensors, electrochemical sensors, and pesticide sensor. This review provides systematic information on a synthesis method based on natural resources and the application to the environmental sensors for supporting the clean environment. We hopefully this review, useful as a reference source in providing the guidance or roadmap of new researchers to develop new strategy in increasing luminescence properties CDs for multi detection of heavy metal in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainun Jariah
- Department of Physics, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Muhandis Shiddiq
- Research Centre for Physics, Indonesian Institute of Science, Pupiptek Banten, Indonesia
| | | | - Dahlang Tahir
- Department of Physics, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
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16
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Phan LMT, Cho S. Fluorescent Carbon Dot-Supported Imaging-Based Biomedicine: A Comprehensive Review. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:9303703. [PMID: 35440939 PMCID: PMC9013550 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9303703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) provide distinctive advantages of strong fluorescence, good photostability, high water solubility, and outstanding biocompatibility, and thus are widely exploited as potential imaging agents for in vitro and in vivo bioimaging. Imaging is absolutely necessary when discovering the structure and function of cells, detecting biomarkers in diagnosis, tracking the progress of ongoing disease, treating various tumors, and monitoring therapeutic efficacy, making it an important approach in modern biomedicine. Numerous investigations of CDs have been intensively studied for utilization in bioimaging-supported medical sciences. However, there is still no article highlighting the potential importance of CD-based bioimaging to support various biomedical applications. Herein, we summarize the development of CDs as fluorescence (FL) nanoprobes with different FL colors for potential bioimaging-based applications in living cells, tissue, and organisms, including the bioimaging of various cell types and targets, bioimaging-supported sensing of metal ions and biomolecules, and FL imaging-guided tumor therapy. Current CD-based microscopic techniques and their advantages are also highlighted. This review discusses the significance of advanced CD-supported imaging-based in vitro and in vivo investigations, suggests the potential of CD-based imaging for biomedicine, and encourages the effective selection and development of superior probes and platforms for further biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Minh Tu Phan
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, The University of Danang, Danang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Sungbo Cho
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
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17
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Carbon quantum dots with green fluorescence as a probe for detecting uric acid. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02071-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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18
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Synthesis of fluorescent carbon quantum dots from Jatropha fruits and their application in fluorometric sensor for the detection of chlorpyrifos. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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19
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Yusuf VF, Atulbhai SV, Bhattu S, Malek NI, Kailasa SK. Recent developments on carbon dots-based green analytical methods: New opportunities in fluorescence assay of pesticides, drugs and biomolecules. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01401g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) grabs huge attention in analytical and bioanalytical applications due to their high selectivity towards target analyte, specificity, photostability, and quantum yield. Cost-effective and biocompatible properties of...
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Architha N, Ragupathi M, Shobana C, Selvankumar T, Kumar P, Lee YS, Kalai Selvan R. Microwave-assisted green synthesis of fluorescent carbon quantum dots from Mexican Mint extract for Fe 3+ detection and bio-imaging applications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 199:111263. [PMID: 33939978 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Biomass-derived carbon quantum dots have drawn special interest owing to their admirable photostability, biocompatibility, fluorescence, high solubility, sensitivity and environmentally friendly properties. In the present work, the Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) was synthesized from the Plectranthus amboinicus (Mexican Mint) leaves via the microwave-assisted reflux method. The strong absorption peaks observed from UV-vis spectra at 291 and 330 nm corresponds to the π-π* and n-π* transitions, respectively, reveal the formation of CQDs. The synthesized CQDs showed bright blue fluorescence under UV irradiation with a fluorescence quantum yield of 17% and a maximum emission of 436 nm in the blue region at an excitation wavelength of 340 nm. The HRTEM analysis elucidates that the synthesized CQDs were crystalline and spherical in shape with a particle size of 2.43 ± 0.02 nm. The FT-IR spectroscopy confirms the presence of the different functional groups such as -OH, -CH, CO and C-O. The chemical composition of CQD was revealed through XPS analysis. The synthesized CQDs were used as a fluorescent probe to detect different metal ions, where high selectivity was obtained for Fe3+ ions through quenching phenomenon. The emission intensity of CQD showed a good linear relationship with R2 = 0.9111 with the concentration of Fe3+ ions in the range of 0-15 μM. The fluorescence emission of CQD was turned OFF upon the binding of Fe3+ ions and turned - ON with the addition of ascorbic acid. With this fluorescent turn ON-OFF behaviour of CQD, the NOT and IMPLICATION logic gates were constructed and studied for different input conditions. The biocompatibility of CQD was tested via MTT assay using MCF7 breast cancer cell line, which revealed that CQD synthesized from the Mexican Mint leaves possess less cytotoxicity. Further, the prepared CQD was applied effectively as fluorescent probes in a cell imaging application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natarajan Architha
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murugesan Ragupathi
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chellappan Shobana
- Department of Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College (Autonomous), G. N. Mills, Coimbatore, 641 029, India
| | - Thangasamy Selvankumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Mahendra Arts & Science College, Kalippatti, Namakkal, 637501, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ponnuchamy Kumar
- Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, India
| | - Yun Sung Lee
- Faculty of Applied Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, South Korea
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21
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Patir K, Barman B, Basumatary S. One Pot Synthesis of Multicolor Emissive Nitrogen Doped Carbon Dots and its Application as Acetone and Picric Acid Sensor. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, TRANSACTIONS A: SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40995-021-01131-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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22
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Chahal S, Macairan JR, Yousefi N, Tufenkji N, Naccache R. Green synthesis of carbon dots and their applications. RSC Adv 2021; 11:25354-25363. [PMID: 35478913 PMCID: PMC9037072 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04718c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are nanoparticles with tunable physicochemical and optical properties. Their resistance to photobleaching and relatively low toxicity render them attractive alternatives to fluorescent dyes and heavy metal-based quantum dots in the fields of bioimaging, sensing, catalysis, solar cells, and light-emitting diodes, among others. Moreover, they have garnered considerable attention as they lend themselves to green synthesis methods. Increasingly, one-pot syntheses comprising exclusively of renewable raw materials or renewable refined compounds are gaining favor over traditional approaches that rely on harsh chemicals and energy intensive conditions. The field of green CD synthesis is developing rapidly; however, challenges persist in ensuring the consistency of their properties (e.g., fluorescence quantum yield) relative to conventional preparation methods. This has mostly limited their use to sensing and bioimaging, leaving opportunities for development in optoelectronic applications. Herein, we discuss the most common green CD synthesis and purification methods reported in the literature and the renewable precursors used. The physical, chemical, and optical properties of the resulting green-synthesized CDs are critically reviewed, followed by a detailed description of their applications in sensing, bioimaging, biomedicine, inks, and catalysis. We conclude with an outlook on the future of green CD synthesis. Future research efforts should address the broad knowledge gap between CDs synthesized from renewable versus non-renewable precursors, focusing on discrepancies in their physical, chemical, and optical properties. The development of cost effective, safe, and sustainable green CDs with tunable properties will broaden their implementation in largely untapped applications, which include drug delivery, photovoltaics, catalysis, and more. A review of the green carbon dot synthesis literature outlining the various precursors used, synthesis and purification methods employed, the resulting physicochemical properties of the carbon dots, and their applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawninder Chahal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University 3610 University St, Montreal Quebec H3A 0C5 Canada
| | - Jun-Ray Macairan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal Quebec H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Nariman Yousefi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ryerson University 350 Victoria St Toronto Ontario M5B 2K3 Canada
| | - Nathalie Tufenkji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University 3610 University St, Montreal Quebec H3A 0C5 Canada.,Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials Canada
| | - Rafik Naccache
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal Quebec H4B 1R6 Canada .,Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials Canada
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Humaera NA, Fahri AN, Armynah B, Tahir D. Natural source of carbon dots from part of a plant and its applications: a review. LUMINESCENCE 2021; 36:1354-1364. [PMID: 33982393 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are carbon nanoparticles with a size of less than 10 nm, and are synthesized from various sources; they have been of great interest to scientists worldwide due to their unique optical, electrical, and chemical properties. Sources of carbon are inexpensive and can be classified as a renewable natural resources. Many researchers use CDs because of their low toxicity, better water solubility, high biocompatibility, and stable photoluminescence. The simple methods for producing CDs are hydrothermal and use inexpensive equipment, have low energy consumption, simple manipulation, and one-step preparation. Since the discovery of CDs, researchers have used them in various applications such as sensing, bioimaging, drug delivery, and catalysis. In this review, CDs synthesized from natural resources such as samples from herbs, roots, leaves, flowers, and fruit and some applications are described. This review provides a summary of carbon dots that is expected to provide further information for development of new CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dahlang Tahir
- Department of Physics, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
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24
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Tang C, Long R, Tong X, Guo Y, Tong C, Shi S. Dual-emission biomass carbon dots for near-infrared ratiometric fluorescence determination and imaging of ascorbic acid. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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25
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Ultrasensitive and portable fluorescence polyurethane indicator paper for real-time, visual and selective detection of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2020.100069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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26
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Lin X, Xiong M, Zhang J, He C, Ma X, Zhang H, Kuang Y, Yang M, Huang Q. Carbon dots based on natural resources: Synthesis and applications in sensors. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Wang M, Kang X, Deng L, Wang M, Xia Z, Gao D. Deep eutectic solvent assisted synthesis of carbon dots using Sophora flavescens Aiton modified with polyethyleneimine: Application in myricetin sensing and cell imaging. Food Chem 2020; 345:128817. [PMID: 33307432 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Here, an efficient method for synthesizing carbon dots (CDs) using a deep eutectic solvent (DES) was developed. To investigate the influence of different DESs on the quantum yield of CDs, different hydrogen-bonding acceptors (HBAs) and hydrogen-bonding donors (HBDs) were used to synthesize the DES and prepare CDs. Using Sophora flavescens Aiton as precursor, CDs were prepared using choline chloride (ChCl)/urea based DES as reaction media and doping agent in the presence of water. The CDs showed strong blue fluorescence and were further modified with polyethyleneimine (CDs@PEI). The fluorescence intensity of CDs@PEI was selectively quenched by myricetin with a limit of detection (LOD) of 10 nM. Furthermore, CDs@PEI was used to analyze myricetin in the extracts that were fluorescent by DES with satisfactory performance of Abelmoschus manihot (Linn.) Medicus flowers, vine teas and blueberries. Finally, the bio-imaging application of CDs@PEI was tested and the results confirmed its potential application in bio-imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xun Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Linlin Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Min Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Zhining Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Die Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
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Wang D, Li P, Li J, Dong C. An efficient fluorescent nano-sensor of N-doped carbon dots for the determination of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol and other applications. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:5195-5201. [PMID: 33090130 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01702g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
N-Doped carbon dots (CDs) had been simply produced by a one-pot synthesis process using amygdalic acid and threonine. The resulting product was water-soluble and exhibited strong luminescence emission with a fluorescence quantum yield of 19.25%. The emission of CDs was obviously and selectively decreased upon adding 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP). It was proved that the fluorescence resonance energy transfer was the main mechanism for quenching. An efficient fluorescence probe with satisfied sensitivity for TNP determination was found. The range of the linear response for TNP detection was 0.5-40.0 μmol L-1, and the limit of detection was 20 nmol L-1. The content of trace TNP in water samples was successfully detected with this method. The CDs were also applied in HepG2 cell imaging and the fabrication of fluorescent films by dispersing the solid freeze-drying CD (SCD) powder into PMMA, which exhibited some application value in biology and photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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29
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Yang X, Wang D, Luo N, Feng M, Peng X, Liao X. Green synthesis of fluorescent N,S-carbon dots from bamboo leaf and the interaction with nitrophenol compounds. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 239:118462. [PMID: 32450536 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A simple and green approach for the synthesis of photoluminescent N,S-carbon dots (N,S-CDs) has been proposed using a single natural source precursor (bamboo leaf) as raw materials. The as-synthesized N,S-CDs exhibited a highly stable, excitation wavelength-dependent emission, excellent photobleaching, alkali, and salt tolerance. Here, the mechanism of N,S-CDs luminescence was studied via the UV-vis absorption spectrum and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Based on the quenching properties of nitrophenol compounds on the fluorescence of N,S-CDs, the interaction between N,S-CDs and nitrophenol compounds was investigated on detail in aqueous solution. More importantly, the study on photophysical properties of the N,S-CDs may provide the basis for the development of the N,S-CDs for the fluorescent probe of nitrophenol compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiupei Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China.
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Na Luo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Min Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Xiaohui Peng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Xiangjun Liao
- Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Health Canada, 50 Colombine Driveway, Ottawa K1A 0K9, Canada.
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30
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Pyridine functionalized carbon dots for specific detection of tryptophan in human serum samples and living cells. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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31
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Nitrogen/sulfur-co-doped carbon quantum dots: a biocompatible material for the selective detection of picric acid in aqueous solution and living cells. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:3753-3763. [PMID: 32300842 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02629-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Here, a fast and eco-friendly one-pot hydrothermal technique is utilized for the synthesis of nitrogen/sulfur-co-doped fluorescent carbon quantum dots (NS-CQDs) from a simple precursor of citric acid (CA) and thiosemicarbazide (TSC). The obtained NS-CQDs exhibited strong blue emission under UV light, with fluorescence quantum yield (QY) of ~37.8%. The Commission internationale de l'eclairage (CIE) coordinates originated at (0.15, 0.07), which confirmed the blue fluorescence of the synthesized NS-CQDs. Interestingly, the prepared NS-CQDs were successfully used as a selective nanoprobe for the monitoring of environmentally hazardous explosive picric acid (PA) in different nitro- and non-nitro-aromatic derivatives of PA. The mechanism of the NS-CQDs was also explored, and was posited to occur via the fluorescence resonance electron transfer (FRET) process and non-fluorescent complex formation. Importantly, this system possesses excellent biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity in HeLa cervical cancer cells; hence, it can potentially be used for PA detection in analytical, environmental, and pathological applications. Furthermore, the practical applicability of the proposed sensing system to pond water demonstrated the feasibility of our system along with good recovery. Graphical abstract.
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Tammina SK, Yang Y. Highly sensitive and selective detection of 4-nitrophenol, and on-off-on fluorescence sensor for Cr (VI) and ascorbic acid detection by glucosamine derived n-doped carbon dots. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.112134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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