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Chen X, Xia Y, Du W, Liu H, Hou R, Song Y, Xu W, Mao Y, Chen J. Contact Guidance Drives Upward Cellular Migration at the Mesoscopic Scale. Cell Mol Bioeng 2023; 16:205-218. [PMID: 37456789 PMCID: PMC10338420 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-023-00766-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cancer metastasis is associated with increased cancer incidence, recurrence, and mortality. The role of cell contact guidance behaviors in cancer metastasis has been recognized but has not been elucidated yet. Methods The contact guidance behavior of cancer cells in response to topographical constraints is identified using microgrooved substrates with varying dimensions at the mesoscopic scale. Then, the cell morphology is determined to quantitatively analyze the effects of substrate dimensions on cells contact guidance. Cell density and migrate velocity signatures within the cellular population are determined using time-lapse phase-contrast microscopy. The effect of soluble factors concentration is determined by culturing cells upside down. Then, the effect of cell-substrate interaction on cell migration is investigated using traction force microscopy. Results With increasing depth and decreasing groove width, cell elongation and alignment are enhanced, while cell spreading is inhibited. Moreover, cells display preferential distribution on the ridges, which is found to be more pronounced with increasing depth and groove width. Determinations of cell density and migration velocity signatures reveal that the preferential distribution on ridges is caused by cell upward migration. Combined with traction force measurement, we find that migration toward ridges is governed by different cell-substrate interactions between grooves and ridges caused by geometrical constraints. Interestingly, the upward migration of cells at the mesoscopic scale is driven by entropic maximization. Conclusions The mesoscopic cell contact guidance mechanism based on the entropic force driven theory provides basic support for the study of cell alignment and migration along healthy tissues with varying size, thereby aiding in the prediction of cancer metastasis. Graphical Abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-023-00766-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Chen
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 Jiangxi China
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027 Anhui China
| | - Youjun Xia
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027 Anhui China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027 Anhui China
| | - Wenqiang Du
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030 USA
| | - Han Liu
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 Jiangxi China
| | - Ran Hou
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 Jiangxi China
| | - Yiyu Song
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 Jiangxi China
| | - Wenhu Xu
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 Jiangxi China
| | - Yuxin Mao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 Jiangxi China
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Basu A, Paul MK, Weiss S. The actin cytoskeleton: Morphological changes in pre- and fully developed lung cancer. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2022; 3:041304. [PMID: 38505516 PMCID: PMC10903407 DOI: 10.1063/5.0096188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Actin, a primary component of the cell cytoskeleton can have multiple isoforms, each of which can have specific properties uniquely suited for their purpose. These monomers are then bound together to form polymeric filaments utilizing adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis as a source of energy. Proteins, such as Arp2/3, VASP, formin, profilin, and cofilin, serve important roles in the polymerization process. These filaments can further be linked to form stress fibers by proteins called actin-binding proteins, such as α-actinin, myosin, fascin, filamin, zyxin, and epsin. These stress fibers are responsible for mechanotransduction, maintaining cell shape, cell motility, and intracellular cargo transport. Cancer metastasis, specifically epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is one of the key steps of the process, is accompanied by the formation of thick stress fibers through the Rho-associated protein kinase, MAPK/ERK, and Wnt pathways. Recently, with the advent of "field cancerization," pre-malignant cells have also been demonstrated to possess stress fibers and related cytoskeletal features. Analytical methods ranging from western blot and RNA-sequencing to cryo-EM and fluorescent imaging have been employed to understand the structure and dynamics of actin and related proteins including polymerization/depolymerization. More recent methods involve quantifying properties of the actin cytoskeleton from fluorescent images and utilizing them to study biological processes, such as EMT. These image analysis approaches exploit the fact that filaments have a unique structure (curvilinear) compared to the noise or other artifacts to separate them. Line segments are extracted from these filament images that have assigned lengths and orientations. Coupling such methods with statistical analysis has resulted in development of a new reporter for EMT in lung cancer cells as well as their drug responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shimon Weiss
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
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3
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Pneumatic Cell Stretching Chip to Generate Uniaxial Strain Using an Elastomeric Membrane with Ridge Structure. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10080302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic mechanical stretching, including uniaxial strain, has been manifested to regulate the cell morphology and functions directly. In recent years, many techniques have been developed to apply cyclic mechanical stretching to cells in vitro. Pneumatically actuated stretching is one of the extensively used methods owing to its advantages of integration, miniaturization, and long-term stretching. However, the intrinsic difficulty in fabrication and adjusting the strain mode also impedes its development and application. In this study, inspired by the topological defects principle, we incorporated a ridge structure into the membrane surface of a traditional pneumatic cavity stretching chip to regulate the strain mode. Our results showed that the surface ridge structure can directly change the equiaxial stretching mode to the standard uniaxial strain, and it is ridge width-independent. The uniaxial strain mode was further proved by the cell orientation behavior under cyclic stretching stimulation. Moreover, it is easy to realize the multimodal strain fields by controlling the width and height of the ridge and to achieve high-throughput testing by creating a cavity array using microfabrication. Together, we propose a smart method to change the surface strain field and introduce a simple, yet effective, high-throughput pneumatically actuated uniaxial stretching platform, which can not only realize the multimodal mechanical stimulation but also achieve multiscale mechanosensing behaviors of single-cell or multi-cell (tissue and/or organoid) mechanobiology applications.
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4
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Engineered topographical structure to control spatial cell density using cell migration. Biomed Microdevices 2019; 21:98. [PMID: 31729612 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-019-0447-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Control of the spatial distribution of various cell types is required to construct functional tissues. Here, we report a simple topographical structure changed the spatial cell density. A concave curved boundary was designed, which allowed the spatial descent moving of cells and the change in spatial distributions of co-cultured cells. We utilized the difference in cell motility between myoblast cells (C2C12) and neuronal cells (PC12) to demonstrate the feasibility of spontaneous change in spatial cell density. Without the curved boundaries, high motility cells (C2C12) did not migrate to the adjacent area, which resulted in a slight temporal change (< 15%) in the spatial cell distribution. In contrast, with the curved boundaries, the cell density of the high motility cells in the groove to those cells on the ridge showed an increase exceeding 45%. On the other hand, the temporal change in the spatial cell distribution of low motility cells (PC12) was below 15% with or without the curved boundaries. In addition, as groove width increased, both cells displayed more initially gathering in groove. Importantly, these cell-type dependent results were also maintained under co-culture conditions. Our results suggest that designing topographical interfaces changes spatial cell density without any manipulation and is useful for multi-cellular constructs.
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5
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Abdul Jamil MM, Milad Zaltum MA, Abd Rahman NA, Ambar R, Denyer MCT, Javed F, Sefat F, Mozafari M, Youseffi M. Investigation of Pulse electric field effect on HeLa cells alignment properties on extracellular matrix protein patterned surface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1019/1/012018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Ozbolat V, Dey M, Ayan B, Povilianskas A, Demirel MC, Ozbolat IT. 3D Printing of PDMS Improves Its Mechanical and Cell Adhesion Properties. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:682-693. [PMID: 33418756 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite extensive use of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) in medical applications, such as lab-on-a-chip or tissue/organ-on-a-chip devices, point-of-care devices, and biological machines, the manufacturing of PDMS devices is limited to soft-lithography and its derivatives, which prohibits the fabrication of geometrically complex shapes. With the recent advances in three-dimensional (3D) printing, use of PDMS for fabrication of such complex shapes has gained considerable interest. This research presents a detailed investigation on printability of PDMS elastomers over three concentrations for mechanical and cell adhesion studies. The results demonstrate that 3D printing of PDMS improved the mechanical properties of fabricated samples up to three fold compared to that of cast ones because of the decreased porosity of bubble entrapment. Most importantly, 3D printing facilitates the adhesion of breast cancer cells, whereas cast samples do not allow cellular adhesion without the use of additional coatings such as extracellular matrix proteins. Cells are able to adhere and grow in the grooves along the printed filaments demonstrating that 3D printed devices can be engineered with superior cell adhesion qualities compared to traditionally manufactured PDMS devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veli Ozbolat
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Ceyhan Engineering Faculty, Cukurova University, Adana 01950, Turkey
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Su WT, Pan YJ, Huang TY, Huang YC. Hydrophobic PDMS promotes neural progenitor formation from SHEDs by Schwann cell–cultivated medium induction. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2017.1297937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ta Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jing Pan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Te-Yang Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Zou Y, Feng H, Ouyang H, Jin Y, Yu M, Liu Z, Li Z. The modulation effect of the convexity of silicon topological nanostructures on the growth of mesenchymal stem cells. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra00542c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The convexity of topological nanostructures, as analyzed by grey-level histogram and fast Fourier transformation, has important modulation effects on the size expansion and filopodia generation of mesenchymal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zou
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST)
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Hongqing Feng
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST)
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Han Ouyang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST)
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Yiming Jin
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST)
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Min Yu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST)
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST)
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Zhou Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST)
- Beijing
- P. R. China
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Su WT, Pan YJ. Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth differentiate toward neural cells in a medium dynamically cultured with Schwann cells in a series of polydimethylsiloxanes scaffolds. J Neural Eng 2016; 13:046005. [DOI: 10.1088/1741-2560/13/4/046005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Chinnakkannu Vijayakumar S, Venkatakrishnan K, Tan B. Manipulating mammalian cell by phase transformed titanium surface fabricated through ultra-short pulsed laser synthesis. Exp Cell Res 2016; 340:274-82. [PMID: 26546983 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Developing cell sensitive indicators on interacting substrates that allows specific cell manipulation by a combination of physical, chemical or mechanical cues is a challenge for current biomaterials. Hence, various fabrication approaches have been created on a variety of substrates to mimic or create cell specific cues. However, to achieve cell specific cues a multistep process or a post-chemical treatment is often necessitated. So, a simple approach without any chemical or biological treatment would go a long way in developing bio-functionalized substrates to effectively modulate cell adhesion and interaction. The present investigation is aimed to study the manipulative activity induced by phase transformed titanium surface. An ultra-short laser is used to fabricate the phase transformed titanium surface where a polymorphic titanium oxide phases with titanium monoxide (TiO), tri-titanium oxide (Ti3O) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) have been synthesized on commercially pure titanium. Control over oxide phase transformed area was demonstrated via a combination of laser scanning time (laser pulse interaction time) and laser pulse widths (laser pulse to pulse separation time). The interaction of phase transformed titanium surface with NIH3T3 fibroblasts and MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells developed a new bio-functionalized platforms on titanium based biomaterials to modulate cell migration and adhesion. The synthesized phase transformed titanium surface on the whole appeared to induce directional cues for cell migration with unique preferential cell adhesion unseen by other fabrication approaches. The precise bio-functionalization controllability exhibited during fabrication offers perceptible edge for developing a variety of smart bio-medical devices, implants and cardiovascular stents where the need in supressing specific cell adhesion and proliferation is of great demand.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Krishnan Venkatakrishnan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Bo Tan
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
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11
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Gao H, Dong H, Cao X, Fu X, Zhu Y, Mao C, Wang Y. Effective Spatial Separation of PC12 and NIH3T3 Cells by the Microgrooved Surface of Biocompatible Polymer Substrates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:6797-806. [PMID: 26072918 PMCID: PMC4924521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Most organs and tissues are composed of more than one type of cell that is spatially separated and located in different regions. This study used a microgrooved poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) substrate to guide two types of cocultured cells to two spatially separated regions. Specifically, PC12 pheochromocytoma cells are guided to the inside of microgrooves, whereas NIH3T3 fibroblasts are guided to the ridge area in between neighboring parallel microgrooves. In addition, the microgrooved structures can significantly promote the proliferation and neural differentiation of PC12 cells as well as the osteogenic differentiation of NIH3T3 cells. Therefore, the microgrooved PLGA surface with separated PC12 and NIH3T3 cells can serve as a potential model system for studying nerve reconstruction in bone-repairing scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichang Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hua Dong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaodong Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoling Fu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
- Corresponding Authors. .
| | - Yingjun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Corresponding Authors. .
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12
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Hu J, Hardy C, Chen CM, Yang S, Voloshin AS, Liu Y. Enhanced cell adhesion and alignment on micro-wavy patterned surfaces. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104502. [PMID: 25105589 PMCID: PMC4126693 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Various micropatterns have been fabricated and used to regulate cell adhesion, morphology and function. Micropatterns created by standard photolithography process are usually rectangular channels with sharp corners (microgrooves) which provide limited control over cells and are not favorable for cell-cell interaction and communication. This paper proposes a new micropattern with smooth wavy surfaces (micro-waves) to control the position and orientation of cells. To characterize cell growth and responses on the micro-patterned substrates, bovine aortic endothelial cells were seeded onto surfaces with micro-grooves and micro-waves for 24 h. As a result, the cells on the micro-wavy pattern appeared to have a lower death rate and better alignment compared to those on the micro-grooved pattern. In addition, flow-induced shear stress was applied to examine the adhesion strength of cells on the micro-wavy pattern. Results showed that cells adhered to the wavy surface displayed both improved alignment and adhesion strength compared to those on the flat surface. The combination of increased alignment, lower death rate and enhanced adhesion strength of cells on the micro-wavy patterns will offer advantages in potential applications for cell phenotype, proliferation and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Camille Hardy
- Bioengineering Program, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Chi-Mon Chen
- Department of Material Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Shu Yang
- Department of Material Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Arkady S. Voloshin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Bioengineering Program, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yaling Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Bioengineering Program, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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13
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Lücker PB, Javaherian S, Soleas JP, Halverson D, Zandstra PW, McGuigan AP. A microgroove patterned multiwell cell culture plate for high-throughput studies of cell alignment. Biotechnol Bioeng 2014; 111:2537-48. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petra B. Lücker
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry; University of Toronto; 200 College St. Toronto Ontario M5T 3J9 Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Sahar Javaherian
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry; University of Toronto; 200 College St. Toronto Ontario M5T 3J9 Canada
| | - John P. Soleas
- Institute of Medical Science; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Duncan Halverson
- Department of Chemistry; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Peter W. Zandstra
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Alison P. McGuigan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry; University of Toronto; 200 College St. Toronto Ontario M5T 3J9 Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario Canada
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Leclerc A, Tremblay D, Hadjiantoniou S, Bukoreshtliev NV, Rogowski JL, Godin M, Pelling AE. Three dimensional spatial separation of cells in response to microtopography. Biomaterials 2013; 34:8097-104. [PMID: 23899447 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cellular organization, migration and proliferation in three-dimensions play a critical role in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Nano- and micro-fabrication approaches have demonstrated that nano- and micro-scale topographies of the cellular microenvironment directly impact organization, migration and proliferation. In this study, we investigated these dynamics of two cell types (NIH3T3 fibroblast and MDCK epithelial cells) in response to microscale grooves whose dimensions exceed typical cell sizes. Our results demonstrate that fibroblasts display a clear preference for proliferating along groove ridges whereas epithelial cells preferentially proliferate in the grooves. Importantly, these cell-type dependent behaviours were also maintained when in co-culture. We show that it is possible to spatially separate a mixed suspension of two cell types by allowing them to migrate and proliferate on a substrate with engineered microtopographies. This ability may have important implications for investigating the mechanisms that facilitate cellular topographic sensing. Moreover, our results may provide insights towards the controlled development of complex three-dimensional multi-cellular constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Leclerc
- Department of Physics, MacDonald Hall, 150 Louis Pasteur, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
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Prodanov L, Lamers E, Wolke J, Huiberts R, Jansen JA, Walboomers XF. In vivo comparison between laser-treated and grit blasted/acid etched titanium. Clin Oral Implants Res 2013; 25:234-9. [PMID: 23346926 DOI: 10.1111/clr.12109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Laser profiling of titanium has been of considerable interest in the field of oral implantology. However, very few pre-clinical and clinical studies have been performed with laser-treated implants, especially focusing on isotropic roughness topography. The aim of the study was to compare the cortical bone response of Ti-implants discs treated with pico-sec pulsed laser (LAS) and conventional grit-blasted/acid-etched (GAE) method. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prior to the in vivo experiment, in vitro cell viability testing of the LAS surface treatment was preformed. Then, 5 mm diameter Titanium (Ti) discs treated with LAS and GAE method were implanted in a pre-validated rabbit tibia cortical bone model and assessed with histology and histomorphometric measurements. In total, eight New Zealand White adult female rabbits were used. RESULTS The in vitro cell viability testing with osteoblast-like cells confirmed cytocompatibility of the LAS surface treatment. Further, the rabbit experiment demonstrated a bone-to-implant contact of 68% (±17) for the laser-treated discs and 49% (±21) for the GAE discs 8 weeks after the implantation, which was statistically not different. CONCLUSION Laser surface treatment gives the same results to the grit-blasting/acid-etched method and thus is a valid alternative to conventional roughening for dental implant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljupcho Prodanov
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Gamboa JR, Mohandes S, Tran PL, Slepian MJ, Yoon JY. Linear fibroblast alignment on sinusoidal wave micropatterns. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 104:318-25. [PMID: 23375052 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Micrometer and nanometer grooved surfaces have been determined to influence cellular orientation, morphology, and migration through contact guidance. Cells typically elongate along the direction of an underlying groove and often migrate with guidance provided by constraints of the pattern. This phenomenon has been studied primarily using linear grooves, post, or well patterns. We investigated the behavior of mouse embryonic fibroblasts on non-linear, sinusoidal wave grooves created via electron beam lithography on a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) substrate that was spin-coated onto a positively charged glass surface. Three different wave patterns, with varying wavelengths and amplitudes, and two different line patterns were created. Cell orientation and adhesion was examined after 4, 24, and 48 h after cell seeding. Attachment strength was studied via subjecting cells on substrates to centrifugal force following a 24-h incubation period. For all wave patterns studied, it was noted that cells did not reside within the groove, rather they were observed to cross over each groove, residing both inside and outside of each wave pattern, aligning linearly along the long axis of the pattern. For the linear patterns, we observed that cells tended to reside within the grooves, consistent with previous observations. The ability to add texture to a surface to manipulate cell adhesion strength and growth with only localized attachment, maintaining free space in curvilinear microtopography underlying the cell, may be a useful addition for tissue engineering and the fabrication of novel biomedical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Gamboa
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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Xia L, Lenaghan SC, Wills AB, Chen Y, Zhang M. Evaluation of the nanofibrillar structure of Dioscorea opposite extract for cell attachment. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 88:425-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Revised: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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SEFAT F, DENYER M, YOUSEFFI M. Imaging via widefield surface plasmon resonance microscope for studying bone cell interactions with micropatterned ECM proteins. J Microsc 2011; 241:282-90. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2010.03430.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Su WT, Liao YF, Lin CY, Li LT. Micropillar substrate influences the cellular attachment and laminin expression. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 93:1463-9. [PMID: 19967757 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblasts alter their mode of attachment and focal contact when placed on square arrays of silicon pillars. The pillars had 1-microm diameters with identical surface chemistry. Distance between pillars is 9 microm and height of pillars is 1, 5, or 10 microm on substrates. We found that these micropillars, rather than specific interactions, provided more opportunities for mechanical interlocking of the fibroblasts and acted as physical barriers that restrained cell migration. The cellular morphology and behavior is guidable by the height of pillars. In some cases, the fibroblasts filled in the intervals among several pillars; in others, a pillar protruded visibly through the cell body but did not pierce it, the cells were survived. Therefore, fibroblasts were immobilized upon in situ and the cytoplasma migrated outward to the bottom of the substrate subsequently. Laminin plays a critical role in cell attachment to the basement membrane. The results of laminin expression in fibroblasts suggest that pillar pattern appears to change cellular behavior and affect laminin expression significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ta Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
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Su WT. Ex vivo expansion of a hematopoietic stem cell on a murine stromal cell by 3D micro-pillar device. Biomed Microdevices 2010; 13:11-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10544-010-9466-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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21
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Calzado-Martín A, Saldaña L, Korhonen H, Soininen A, Kinnari TJ, Gómez-Barrena E, Tiainen VM, Lappalainen R, Munuera L, Konttinen YT, Vilaboa N. Interactions of human bone cells with diamond-like carbon polymer hybrid coatings. Acta Biomater 2010; 6:3325-38. [PMID: 20197124 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2009] [Revised: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 02/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings produced using the plasma-accelerating filtered pulsed arc discharge (FPAD) method display excellent adherence to the substrate and improve its corrosion resistance. This article reports the interactions of human osteoblastic cells with DLC and two DLC polymer hybrid (DLC-p-h) coatings deposited on smooth, matt and rough silicon wafers by the FPAD method. The DLC-p-h materials were DLC-polytetrafluoroethylene hybrid (DLC-PTFE-h) and DLC-polydimethylsiloxane hybrid (DLC-PDMS-h) coatings. The biocompatibility of the coatings was assayed by using mesenchymal stem cells, primary osteoblasts and Saos-2 cells. Human mesenchymal stem cells proliferated when cultured on DLC and DLC-PTFE-h, but their numbers diminished on DLC-PDMS-h. In all three cell types studied, phalloidin-TRITC staining disclosed cell-type organization typical of an actin cytoskeleton on DLC and DLC-PTFE-h, but minimal and disorganized stress fibers on cells cultured on DLC-PDMS-h. The microtubular cytoskeleton was similarly disorganized on DLC-PDMS-h. Cells on DLC-PDMS-h developed a peculiar form of membrane damage, with nuclear staining by propidium iodide associated with granular calcein staining of the cytoplasm. Active caspase-3 labeling was only seen in cells cultured on DLC-PDMS-h, indicating that these cells undergo apoptosis induced by defective cell adhesion. Results suggest that DLC-PDMS-h coatings might be useful in orthopedic applications where an implant or implant-facet should be protected against bone overgrowth while DLC and DLC-PTFE-h coatings might improve osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Calzado-Martín
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
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Au-Yeung KL, Sze KY, Sham MH, Chan BP. Development of a micromanipulator-based loading device for mechanoregulation study of human mesenchymal stem cells in three-dimensional collagen constructs. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2010; 16:93-107. [PMID: 19368498 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2008.0707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical signal is important for regulating cellular activities, including proliferation, metabolism, matrix production, and orientation. Bioreactors with loading functions can be used to precondition cells in three-dimensional (3D) constructs so as to study the cellular responses to mechanical stimulation. However, full-scale bioreactor is not always an affordable option considering the high cost of equipment and the liter-sized medium with serum and growth factor supplements. In this study, a custom-built loading system was developed by coupling a conventional camera-equipped inverted research microscope with two micromanipulators. The system was programmed to deliver either cyclic compressive loading with different frequencies or static compressive loading for 1 week to investigate the cellular responses of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) entrapped in a 3D construct consists of reconstituted collagen fibers. Cellular properties, including their alignment, cytoskeleton, and cell metabolism, and properties of matrix molecules, such as collagen fiber alignment and glycosaminoglycan deposition, were evaluated. Using a MatLab-based image analysis program, reorientation of the entrapped cells from a random distribution to a preferred alignment along the loading direction in constructs with both static and cyclic compression has been demonstrated, but no such alignment was found in the free-floating controls. Fluorescent staining on filamentous actin cytoskeleton also confirmed the finding. Nevertheless, the collagen fiber meshwork entrapping the hMSCs remained randomly distributed, and no change in cellular metabolism and glycosaminoglycans production was noted. The current study provides a simple and affordable option toward setting up a mechanoregulation facility based on existing laboratory equipment and sheds new insights on the effect of mechanical loading on the alignment of hMSCs in 3D collagen constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan Lok Au-Yeung
- The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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Huag HS, Chou SH, Don TM, Lai WC, Cheng LP. Formation of microporous poly(hydroxybutyric acid) membranes for culture of osteoblast and fibroblast. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.1366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Fu G, Soboyejo W. Cell/surface interactions of human osteo-sarcoma (HOS) cells and micro-patterned polydimelthylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2009.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Fujita S, Ohshima M, Iwata H. Time-lapse observation of cell alignment on nanogrooved patterns. J R Soc Interface 2009; 6 Suppl 3:S269-77. [PMID: 19324685 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2008.0428.focus] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells elongate on a surface with nanogrooved (NG) patterns and align along that pattern. Although various models have been proposed for how this occurs, much remains to be clarified. Studies with fixed cells do not lend themselves to answering some of these open questions. In this study, the dynamic behaviours of living mesenchymal stem cells on an NG substrate with a 200 nm groove depth, an 870 nm ridge width and a 670 nm groove width were observed using time-lapse microscopes. We found that filopodia moved as if they were probing the surroundings of the cell protrusion, and then some cell protrusions invaded the probed areas. Cell protrusions that extended perpendicular to the NG direction tended to retract more rapidly than those parallel to the grooves. From these facts, we think that the retracting phase of cell protrusions play a rule in cell alignment along the NG patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Fujita
- Department of Reparative Materials, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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