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Morimoto H, Ueno M, Tanabe H, Kono T, Ogawa H. Progesterone depletion results in Lamin B1 loss and induction of cell death in mouse trophoblast giant cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254674. [PMID: 34260661 PMCID: PMC8279370 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast giant cells (TGCs), a mouse trophoblast subtype, have large amounts of cytoplasm and high ploidy levels via endocycles. The diverse functions and gene expression profiles of TGCs have been studied well, but their nuclear structures remain unknown. In this study, we focus on Lamin B1, a nuclear lamina, and clarify its expression dynamics, regulation and roles in TGC functions. TGCs that differentiated from trophoblast stem cells were used. From days 0 to 9 after differentiation, the number of TGCs gradually increased, but the amount of LMNB1 peaked at day 3 and then slightly decreased. An immunostaining experiment showed that LMNB1-depleted TGCs increased after day 6 of differentiation. These LMNB1-depleted TGCs diffused peripheral localization of the heterochromatin marker H3K9me2 in the nuclei. However, LMINB1-knock down was not affected TGCs specific gene expression. We found that the death of TGCs also increased after day 6 of differentiation. Moreover, Lamin B1 loss and the cell death in TGCs were protected by 10-6 M progesterone. Our results conclude that progesterone protects against Lamin B1 loss and prolongs the life and function of TGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromu Morimoto
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Misuzu Ueno
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Tanabe
- Department of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems Science, School of Advanced Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kono
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Ogawa
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
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Zybina TG, Zybina EV. Role of cell cycling and polyploidy in placental trophoblast of different mammalian species. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:895-904. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana G. Zybina
- Laboratory of Cell Morphology Institute of Cytology RAS St.‐Petersburg Russia
| | - Eugenia V. Zybina
- Laboratory of Cell Morphology Institute of Cytology RAS St.‐Petersburg Russia
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Eaton M, Davies AH, Devine J, Zhao X, Simmons DG, Maríusdóttir E, Natale DRC, Matyas JR, Bering EA, Workentine ML, Hallgrimsson B, Cross JC. Complex patterns of cell growth in the placenta in normal pregnancy and as adaptations to maternal diet restriction. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0226735. [PMID: 31917811 PMCID: PMC6952106 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The major milestones in mouse placental development are well described, but our understanding is limited to how the placenta can adapt to damage or changes in the environment. By using stereology and expression of cell cycle markers, we found that the placenta grows under normal conditions not just by hyperplasia of trophoblast cells but also through extensive polyploidy and cell hypertrophy. In response to feeding a low protein diet to mothers prior to and during pregnancy, to mimic chronic malnutrition, we found that this normal program was altered and that it was influenced by the sex of the conceptus. Male fetuses showed intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) by embryonic day (E) 18.5, just before term, whereas female fetuses showed IUGR as early as E16.5. This difference was correlated with differences in the size of the labyrinth layer of the placenta, the site of nutrient and gas exchange. Functional changes were implied based on up-regulation of nutrient transporter genes. The junctional zone was also affected, with a reduction in both glycogen trophoblast and spongiotrophoblast cells. These changes were associated with increased expression of Phlda2 and reduced expression of Egfr. Polyploidy, which results from endoreduplication, is a normal feature of trophoblast giant cells (TGC) but also spongiotrophoblast cells. Ploidy was increased in sinusoidal-TGCs and spongiotrophoblast cells, but not parietal-TGCs, in low protein placentas. These results indicate that the placenta undergoes a range of changes in development and function in response to poor maternal diet, many of which we interpret are aimed at mitigating the impacts on fetal and maternal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malcolm Eaton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary Alberta
| | - Alastair H. Davies
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary Alberta
| | - Jay Devine
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary Alberta
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary Alberta
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary Alberta
| | - David G. Simmons
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary Alberta
| | - Elín Maríusdóttir
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary Alberta
| | - David R. C. Natale
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary Alberta
| | - John R. Matyas
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary Alberta
| | - Elizabeth A. Bering
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary Alberta
| | | | - Benedikt Hallgrimsson
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary Alberta
| | - James C. Cross
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary Alberta
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary Alberta
- * E-mail:
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Meng FW, Biteau B. There and back again: amitosis to repopulate a stem cell pool. Stem Cell Investig 2017; 4:82. [PMID: 29167803 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2017.10.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fanju W Meng
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Benoît Biteau
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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5
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Amitosis of Polyploid Cells Regenerates Functional Stem Cells in the Drosophila Intestine. Cell Stem Cell 2017; 20:609-620.e6. [PMID: 28343984 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Organ fitness depends on appropriate maintenance of stem cell populations, and aberrations in functional stem cell numbers are associated with malignancies and aging. Symmetrical division is the best characterized mechanism of stem cell replacement, but other mechanisms could also be deployed, particularly in situations of high stress. Here, we show that after severe depletion, intestinal stem cells (ISCs) in the Drosophila midgut are replaced by spindle-independent ploidy reduction of cells in the enterocyte lineage through a process known as amitosis. Amitosis is also induced by the functional loss of ISCs coupled with tissue demand and in aging flies, underscoring the generality of this mechanism. However, we also found that random homologous chromosome segregation during ploidy reduction can expose deleterious mutations through loss of heterozygosity. Together, our results highlight amitosis as an unappreciated mechanism for restoring stem cell homeostasis, but one with some associated risk in animals carrying mutations.
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Mussini JM, Magot A, Hantaï D, Sternberg D, Chevessier F, Péréon Y. Atypical nuclear abnormalities in a patient with Brody disease. Neuromuscul Disord 2015; 25:773-9. [PMID: 26248958 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Brody disease was first described as a benign pseudo-myotonic disorder with muscular stiffness, which increased with exercise. Biochemical and genetic studies have pointed out its close relationship to a functional defect of the fast-twitch sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(++) ATPase pump (SERCA1) encoded by the ATP2A1 gene located on chromosome 16. The histopathological features in this form of myopathy were generally described as non-specific, i.e. moderate degree of type 2 fibre atrophy and excess of internal nuclei. We here present the clinical and histopathological features of a patient with Brody disease over a 19-year follow-up period. This patient had two heterozygous ATP2A1 mutations and complained about muscle stiffness immediately after effort. He had suffered from this since early childhood and exhibited clinical symptoms mimicking myotonia. Histological, ultrastructural and cytogenetic analyses revealed morphologically abnormal nuclei with polyploidy. In this report, we discuss the possible links between the consequences of the genetic abnormality and the peculiar aspect of the nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marie Mussini
- Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France; Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Nantes-Angers, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Armelle Magot
- Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Nantes-Angers, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France; Atlantic Gene Therapies - Biotherapy Institute for Rare Diseases, Nantes, France
| | - Daniel Hantaï
- Institut de Myologie, Hôpital de La Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Damien Sternberg
- Institut de Myologie, Hôpital de La Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie, Hôpital de La Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Chevessier
- Institut de Myologie, Hôpital de La Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Neuropathologisches Institut, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yann Péréon
- Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Nantes-Angers, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France; Atlantic Gene Therapies - Biotherapy Institute for Rare Diseases, Nantes, France.
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Zybina TG, Zybina EV. Genome variation in the trophoblast cell lifespan: Diploidy, polyteny, depolytenization, genome segregation. World J Med Genet 2014; 4:77-93. [DOI: 10.5496/wjmg.v4.i4.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The lifespan of mammalian trophoblast cells includes polyploidization, its degree and peculiarities are, probably, accounted for the characteristics of placenta development. The main ways of genome multiplication-endoreduplication and reduced mitosis-that basically differ by the extent of repression of mitotic events, play, most probably, different roles in the functionally different trophoblast cells in a variety of mammalian species. In the rodent placenta, highly polyploid (512-2048c) trophoblast giant cells (TGC) undergoing endoreduplication serve a barrier with semiallogenic maternal tissues whereas series of reduced mitoses allow to accumulate a great number of low-ploid junctional zone and labyrinth trophoblast cells. Endoreduplication of TGC comes to the end with formation of numerous low-ploid subcellular compartments that show some signs of viable cells though mitotically inactive; it makes impossible their ectopic proliferation inside maternal tissues. In distinct from rodent trophoblast, deviation from (2n)c in human and silver fox trophoblast suggests a possibility of aneuploidy and other chromosome changes (aberrations, etc.). It suggests that in mammalian species with lengthy period of pregnancy, polyploidy is accompanied by more diverse genome changes that may be useful to select a more specific response to stressful factors that may appear occasionally during months of intrauterine development.
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Kondakova EAA, Efremov VII. Morphofunctional transformations of the yolk syncytial layer during zebrafish development. J Morphol 2013; 275:206-16. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Revised: 08/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vladimir Ivanovich I. Efremov
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of Biology and Soil Science; Saint-Petersburg State University; St.-Petersburg Russia
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