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Xue B, Wang X, Chen H, Redding SR, Wei W, Ouyang YQ. Fear of childbirth and influencing factors of expectant fathers in China: a cross-sectional study. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:1411-1424. [PMID: 38482838 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2024.2329913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Fear of childbirth not only brings negative psychological experiences to expectant fathers and affect their ability to prepare for parenthood but can even affect children's emotional and cognitive development. It is essential to identify men with a more severe fear of birth and its related risk factors for the better transition of fathers' role. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of fear of childbirth among Chinese expectant fathers, identify its contributing factors and explore the association among fear of childbirth, resilience and dyadic coping. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the obstetric department of two tertiary hospitals in Wuhan, China. The socio-demographic questionnaire, the father's version of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire version A (W-DEQ A), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10 (CD-RISC), and the Dyadic Coping Inventory (DCI) were used to explore the correlation of fear of childbirth, resilience and dyadic coping of participants. Ultimately, a total of 1176 expectant fathers were included in this study. The prevalence of fear of childbirth was 32.1%. Gestational weeks of pregnant women, monthly income, adverse birth experience, gravidity and parity of pregnant women were considered risk factors for the expectant fathers with fear of childbirth. Furthermore, there was a weak negative correlation between fear of childbirth and resilience and dyadic coping. In conclusion, the prevalence of fear of childbirth in expectant fathers in China was high. Adequate identification of factors influencing the fear of childbirth among expectant fathers is necessary to reduce the fear of childbirth and to develop appropriate interventions in preparing fathers for their new parenting role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xue
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Nursing, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huijun Chen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Wei Wei
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Nordin-Remberger C, Johansson M, Lindelöf KS, Wells MB. Support Needs, Barriers, and Facilitators for Fathers With Fear of Childbirth in Sweden: A Mixed-Method Study. Am J Mens Health 2024; 18:15579883241272057. [PMID: 39268989 PMCID: PMC11406616 DOI: 10.1177/15579883241272057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this mixed-method study was to identify support needs, as well as barriers and facilitators to seeking support in a sample of Swedish fathers with a fear of childbirth (FOC). Participants completed an anonymous quantitative online survey (N = 131), with three free-text items for those self-identifying as having an FOC (N = 71) and five individual in-depth interviews. Data analysis included descriptive and chi-square analyses for quantitative data, and manifest content analysis for qualitative data. Those with a severe FOC were more likely to report having on-going mental health difficulties (p = .039) and one fifth (21%) of the participants with severe FOC wanted to receive professional treatment, but only 8.1% received treatment. Most participants either preferred individual support or to receive support together with their partner. Fathers with severe FOC were more likely to report one or more barriers than those without FOC (p = .005), where unwanted social stigma was the single largest barrier. Qualitative findings identified one main category: Expectant fathers missing and wishing for support for FOC composed four generic categories: (1) support in developing an understanding of their fear, (2) coping by being aware of feelings, (3) professional support through trust and respect, and (4) needing individualized support. To encourage healthy fathers, clinical professionals should find ways to support fathers, such as by providing them with their own perinatal appointments, asking them about their feelings, as well as screening, diagnosing, and treating fathers with severe FOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carita Nordin-Remberger
- Obstetric and Reproductive Health Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Akademiska University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Women's Mental Health During the Reproductive Lifespan-WOMHER, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Margareta Johansson
- Obstetric and Reproductive Health Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Akademiska University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Michael B Wells
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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Dai J, Shi Y, Guo L, Wang Y, Kong X. Discrepancy in parental fear of childbirth: A scoping review. Midwifery 2023; 126:103830. [PMID: 37769587 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2023.103830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fear of childbirth is a prevalent clinical psychological issue for both mother and father; however, there is a lack of research comparing and summarizing discrepancies in parental fear of childbirth. AIM This study aimed to explore differences in parental fear of childbirth, identify gaps in related research area, and provide directions for future studies. METHODS Original references were searched from six databases by using subject terms associated with fear of childbirth. The guideline of the scoping review framework proposed by Arksey and O' Malley were applied. RESULTS The review covered 203 publications in all. Of them, 181 were maternal studies and 22 were paternal studies. 105 articles examined prevalence and influencing factors ranging from 0.7 % to 89.3 % in mothers and 5 % to 54.3 % in fathers. The current study included 84 influencing factors, 9 of which were common to parents and 75 of which were different, containing fathers' specific influences on fear of childbirth are perceived pregnancy difficulties, perceived birth difficulties, feelings about the upcoming birth, more frequent thoughts of birth in the middle of pregnancy and not attending parent education classes. 12 articles dealt with the experience of fear of childbirth, and the parents' fear of childbirth had 5 common themes, including fear of the birthing process, fear related to the baby, fear of lack of support, fear of postnatal health and life, and adverse psychological problems. But they have different sub-themes. 61 articles on fear of childbirth interventions, including 8 mother-specific approaches and 4 identical approaches for parents, and all of these methods were effective in reducing the prevalence of parental fear of childbirth. CONCLUSION Factors such as marital status, personality, etc., that are specific to mothers can also be applied to paternal fear of childbirth. Cognitive-behavioral therapy and group discussion, which are unique to maternal fear of childbirth, may be attempted for paternal fear of childbirth. In addition, future research should be devoted to developing a specific measurement tool for fathers, studying paternal fear of childbirth in depth from various aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayang Dai
- School of Nursing and School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, China
| | - Ya Shi
- School of Nursing and School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, China; School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, England
| | - Lu Guo
- School of Nursing and School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- School of Nursing and School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, China
| | - Xiang Kong
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Kothari A, Khuu A, Dulhunty J, Bruxner G, Ballard E, Callaway L. Fathers attending the birth of their baby: Views, intentions and needs. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2023; 63:689-695. [PMID: 37145387 DOI: 10.1111/ajo.13692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited information about fathers' views, intentions and needs leading up to childbirth. AIMS This study explores the factors influencing fathers' intention to attend the birth, and the needs and supports required leading up to childbirth. METHODS Cross-sectional survey of 203 prospective fathers attending antenatal appointments at an outer metropolitan public teaching hospital in Brisbane, Australia. RESULTS A total of 201/203 (99.0%) participants intended to attend the birth. The reported reasons included: responsibility (99.5%), protectiveness (99.0%), love for their partner (99.0%), the right thing to do (98.0%), desire to see the birth (98.0%), the perception that partners should attend (97.4%), duty (96.4%) and partner preference (91.4%). Some felt pressured by their partner (12.8%), society (10.8%), cultural expectations (9.6%) and family (9.1%), and 10.6% perceived adverse consequences for not attending. Most participants (94.6%) felt well supported, experienced good communication (72.4%), had the opportunity to ask questions (69.8%) and received an explanation of events (66.3%). They were less often supported by antenatal visits (46.7%) and by a plan for future visits (32.2%). Ten per cent of all fathers and 13.8% of experienced fathers requested better mental health support, and 9.0% prefer better clinician communication. CONCLUSIONS Most fathers intend to attend childbirth for personal and moral reasons; however, a small proportion feel pressured. Most fathers feel well supported, although potential improvements include planning for future visits, provision of information, mental health support, clinician communication, increased involvement in their partner's care, the opportunity to ask questions and more frequent clinic visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Kothari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alvin Khuu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joel Dulhunty
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - George Bruxner
- Metro-North Mental Health Service, Caboolture Hospital, Caboolture, Queensland, Australia
| | - Emma Ballard
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Leonie Callaway
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Women's and Newborns Services, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
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Mortazavi F, Nikbakht R, Mehrabadi M, Shahhosseini Z. A structural equation model analysis of the relationship between expectant fathers' fear of COVID-19 and their fear of childbirth: The mediating role of maternal fear of childbirth. Midwifery 2023; 125:103790. [PMID: 37595365 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2023.103790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy and childbirth may provoke various emotional responses in expectant fathers including excessive fear of childbirth. It is not unreasonable to assume that fear of contracting the virus during the COVID-19 pandemic, may have intensified fathers' fear of childbirth. This study aims to determine the mediating role of the expectant mothers' fear of childbirth in the relationship between expectant fathers' fear of COVID-19 and their fear of childbirth. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 270 pregnant women and their spouses attending health centers from Aug 2021 to April 2022. Fathers' fear of childbirth scale (FFCS), Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ-A), and Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) were used to collect data. To examine the relationships between variables and to develop the final model, we used the structural equation model (SEM). RESULTS The prevalence of severe fear of childbirth in fathers and their female spouses were 40.9% and 22.4%, respectively. The mean score and standard deviation of fear of childbirth in the fathers and their female spouses were 49.2 ± 17.1 and 62.5 ± 29.4, respectively. Results showed that fathers' fear of COVID-19 was directly (B = 0.44, p = 0.004) and indirectly (B = 0.13, p = 0.015) associated with fathers' fear of childbirth. Also, women's fear of childbirth was positively associated with fathers' fear of childbirth (B = 0.45, p = 0.030). In the final model, the values of χ2/df, CFI, PCFI, RMSEA, and SRMR were equal to 2.32, 0.94, 0.76, 0.07, and 0.06, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We found a high prevalence of severe fear of childbirth in Iranian expectant fathers which means that fathers' fear of childbirth is a national health concern that needs to be addressed. The findings of the present study indicate that mothers' fear of childbirth has a mediating role in the relationship between fathers' fear of COVID and fear of childbirth. Therefore, to alleviate fathers' fear of childbirth, interventions to reduce fathers' fear of COVID-19 and women's fear of childbirth should be developed and implemented. The impact of fathers' mental health on the fear of childbirth in expectant couples should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Mortazavi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
| | - Roya Nikbakht
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Maryam Mehrabadi
- Health Chancellery, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Zohreh Shahhosseini
- Sexual and Reproductive Health Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Mäkelä T, Saisto T, Salmela-Aro K, Miettinen J, Sintonen H, Rouhe H. Prenatal wellbeing of mothers, their partners, and couples: a cross-sectional descriptive study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:468. [PMID: 37349712 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05790-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), fear of childbirth (FOC), and depressive symptoms have been related to various negative effects during pregnancy, childbirth, and in the postnatal period. This study evaluates the prevalence of PTSS, FOC, depressive symptoms, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among pregnant women, their partners, and as couples. METHODS In a cohort of 3853 volunteered, unselected women at the mean of 17th weeks of pregnancy with 3020 partners, PTSS was evaluated by Impact of Event Scale (IES), FOC by Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire (W-DEQ-A), depressive symptoms by Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and HRQoL by 15D instrument. RESULTS PTSS (IES score ≥ 33) was identified among 20.2% of the women, 13.4% of the partners, and 3.4% of the couples. Altogether, 5.9% of the women, but only 0.3% of the partners, and 0.04% of the couples experienced symptoms suggestive of phobic FOC (W-DEQ A ≥ 100). Respectively, 7.6% of the women, 1.8% of the partners, and 0.4% of the couples reported depressive symptoms (EPDS ≥ 13). Nulliparous women and partners without previous children experienced FOC more often than those with previous children, but there was no difference in PTSS, depressive symptoms, or HRQoL. Women's mean 15D score was lower than partners' and that of age- and gender-standardized general population, while partners' mean 15D score was higher than that of age- and gender-standardized general population. Women whose partners reported PTSS, phobic FOC, or depressive symptoms, often had the same symptoms (22.3%, 14.3%, and 20.4%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS PTSS were common in both women and partners, as well as in couples. FOC and depressive symptoms were common in women but uncommon in partners, thus they rarely occurred simultaneously in couples. However, special attention should be paid to a pregnant woman whose partner experiences any of these symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tia Mäkelä
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, PO BOX 140, Helsinki, 00029 HUS, Finland.
- University of Helsinki, PO BOX 4, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.
| | - Terhi Saisto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, PO BOX 140, Helsinki, 00029 HUS, Finland
- University of Helsinki, PO BOX 4, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Katariina Salmela-Aro
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO BOX 9, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Jenny Miettinen
- University of Helsinki, PO BOX 4, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Espoo Health Care Center, City of Espoo, PO BOX 1, Espoo, 02070, Finland
| | - Harri Sintonen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, PO BOX 20, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Hanna Rouhe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, PO BOX 140, Helsinki, 00029 HUS, Finland
- University of Helsinki, PO BOX 4, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
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Xi L, Wu G, Du X. Analyzing sleep status in children with acute leukemia. Ital J Pediatr 2023; 49:7. [PMID: 36639713 PMCID: PMC9840305 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-023-01409-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality sleep is essential for physical and mental health. We aimed to analyze sleep disorders in children with acute leukemia and explore associated factors. METHODS General data and sleep disorders in children with acute leukemia during chemotherapy were collected by general questionnaires, Children's Sleep Disorders Scale and the Parenting Stress Index-short form. RESULTS In total, 173 valid questionnaires were collected. The total Sleep Disorder Scale score > 39 is considered a sleep disorder, while sleep disorders accounted for 45.66% (79/173). In the cohort, 167 children had acute lymphoblastic leukemia, with 40.12% (67/167) having sleep disorders, while six children had acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia, with 50.00% (3/6) having sleep disorders. Single- and multi-factor regression analyses of age, gender, number of children in the family, and time spent using electronic devices showed that factors influencing sleep disorders in these children were mainly parental scolding and adenoid hypertrophy. Children with sleep disorders had more parental stress than those without sleep disorders (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The high incidence of sleep disorders in children with acute leukemia is related to airway conditions and parental behaviors. Sleep disorders in children can increase parenting stress. Factors potentially affecting sleep quality should be addressed as early as possible, while parental education should be strengthened to better facilitate the physical and psychological recovery of their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xi
- grid.411360.1Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Pediatric Leukemia Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Center, National Pediatric Health and Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Hangzhou, 310000 Zhejiang China
| | - Guangsheng Wu
- grid.460074.10000 0004 1784 6600Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, No. 126 Wenzhou Road, Gongchenqiao Street, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, 310000 Zhejiang China
| | - Xinke Du
- grid.460074.10000 0004 1784 6600Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, No. 126 Wenzhou Road, Gongchenqiao Street, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, 310000 Zhejiang China
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Ghaffari SF, Elyasi F, Nikbakht R, Shahhosseini Z. A structural equation model analysis of the relationship between maternal fear of childbirth and expectant fathers' fear of childbirth: The mediating role of fathers' depression, anxiety, and stress. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2802. [PMID: 36288399 PMCID: PMC9759126 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Some fathers experience traumatic and unpleasant feelings such as fear of childbirth during pregnancy and childbirth. This study aimed to determine the mediating role of the expectant fathers' depression, anxiety, and stress in the relationship between maternal fear of childbirth and paternal fear of childbirth. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, using a two-stage sampling method, 502 expectant Iranian fathers and their wives in the second half of pregnancy were recruited. The participants completed self-administered questionnaires, including the fathers' fear of childbirth scale, the Wijma delivery expectancy/experience questionnaire, and the depression, anxiety, and stress scale-21. To analyze the data, structural equation modeling was employed in the Amos software version 24. RESULTS Results indicated an acceptable fit of the model to the data. Maternal fear of childbirth was associated with paternal fear of childbirth, directly (β = 0.23, p = .046) and indirectly through the mediator of paternal depression, anxiety, and stress (β = .17, p = .007). The expectant fathers' stress had a greater impact on their fear of childbirth. CONCLUSIONS By considering the role of maternal fear of childbirth as well as expectant fathers' depression, anxiety, and stress on paternal fear of childbirth, it seems this study has some practical implications for improving the fathers' psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Forouzan Elyasi
- Sexual and Reproductive Health Research Center, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Roya Nikbakht
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Zohreh Shahhosseini
- Sexual and Reproductive Health Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Leahy-Warren P, Philpott L, Elmir R, Schmied V. Fathers' perceptions and experiences of support to be a parenting partner during the perinatal period: A scoping review. J Clin Nurs 2022. [PMID: 35898120 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore fathers' perceptions and experiences of support in the perinatal period. Change in society has seen the increased visibility of fathers being involved during pregnancy and engaging in their infants' lives and the expectation and benefits of men playing an equal and direct role in caring for their children. However, less is known about the nature of support that fathers require to facilitate this role transition. DESIGN A scoping review was conducted in accordance with Arksey and O'Malley's six-step scoping review framework and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. METHODS A systematic search of CINAHL Plus, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, Psychology, Soc INDEX and Behavioural Sciences Collections databases for qualitative or mixed methods studies with qualitative data was undertaken. Qualitative data were extracted from original studies for coding and theme generation. Thematic synthesis was employed for the final stages of analysis. RESULTS Overall, 23 papers were included. Men desired to fulfil their rite of passage to be an involved father to their child. This transitional process commenced with men articulating their commitment to creating a role as an involved father and to be a role model for their children. Becoming a father is seen as having a significant status in society which contributes to their self-efficacy as fathers. CONCLUSION Fathers require support from all levels of the 'ecosystem' including policy, socio-cultural and workplace changes as well as recognition and support from partners, family, peers and in particular from health service providers. Developing the parenting partnership requires a co-production approach and commitment at macro, meso and micro levels. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Supporting men to be engaged fathers requires policy, socio-cultural and workplace changes; however, maternity services and particularly midwives have an important role in this change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lloyd Philpott
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College, Cork, Ireland
| | - Rakime Elmir
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Virginia Schmied
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
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Bäckström C, Rolfson T, Engström H, Knez R, Larsson M. Expecting parents’ perceptions of the digital parental support “childbirth journey” constructed as a serious game—an intervention study. Digit Health 2022; 8:20552076221097776. [PMID: 35603330 PMCID: PMC9118415 DOI: 10.1177/20552076221097776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to explore expecting parents’ perceptions of the Childbirth Journey as an intervention that includes medical information for parental support, constructed as a serious game. Methods In this qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were held with expecting parents in Sweden who were able to talk about specific parts of the Childbirth Journey they appreciated or found difficult to understand. A phenomenographic methodology was employed for data analysis. Results Participants perceived the Childbirth Journey to be easily accessible and customized with reliable information. The design and features of the intervention were perceived by the expecting parents to enhance the intervention’s usability, appeal, and trustworthiness. When parental couples used the Childbirth Journey together, it gave them an opportunity to discuss and better understand each other’s situation. The participants proposed several changes to the existing version of the game, mostly related to extending practical information and illustrated scenarios but also to the further development of the game’s design and animations. The participants found the Knowledge portal to be the most appealing part of the Childbirth Journey. Conclusions The Childbirth Journey intervention was concluded to be a valuable digital complement to in-person professional support, especially given the current COVID-19 pandemic restrictions in place in Sweden, which do not allow antenatal visits by partners. However, in its current form, the Childbirth Journey has some deficiencies and would therefore benefit from further development and exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Bäckström
- Research Group Family Centered Health (FamCeH), School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Tanja Rolfson
- Regionhälsan Midwifery Unit, Västra Götalandsregionen, Sweden
| | | | - Rajna Knez
- Research Group Family Centered Health (FamCeH), School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
- Skaraborgs Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Margaretha Larsson
- Research Group Family Centered Health (FamCeH), School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
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Prevalence and associated factors of paternal stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms in the early postnatal period. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2022; 9:306-321. [PMID: 36561920 PMCID: PMC9768414 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2022.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The changes experienced during the transition to first-time or subsequent fatherhood are mainly positive; however, fathers can also experience adverse mental health outcomes such as stress, anxiety, and depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of paternal stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms in the early postnatal period. METHODS A quantitative, descriptive correlational design was used. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire comprising of the Perceived Stress Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. RESULTS A total of 336 fathers were included in the study. The prevalence rates were 41.1% (n = 138) for moderate/high stress symptoms, 20.8% (n = 70) for state anxiety symptoms, 25.9% (n = 87) for trait anxiety symptoms, and 13.4% (n = 45) for depression symptoms. In the multivariable analysis, several factors were associated with increased stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms including being a subsequent father (p = 0.009), not living in a house (p = 0.009), having a history of adverse mental health (p = 0.008), and having a partner with a history of anxiety (p = 0.040). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that fathers are at risk of adverse mental health in the early postnatal period which is a pivotal time for fathers in terms of bonding with their infant and redefining their relationship with their partner.
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Kachi Y, Ochi M, Kato T, Otsuka M, Takehara K. Factors related to parenting stress among fathers of preschool children in Japan. Pediatr Int 2022; 64:e15132. [PMID: 35411994 DOI: 10.1111/ped.15132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even though fathers participate in childcare at a higher rate than before, there remains a lack of research on the factors that contribute to parenting stress among fathers. This study explored the socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with parenting stress among fathers of preschool children. METHODS Our study included 17 645 fathers who participated in the 2016 Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions in Japan. Parenting stress was assessed using a single question. Socioeconomic and demographic factors were predictors. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for parenting stress. RESULTS Overall, 6.6% fathers experienced parenting stress. Fathers with a youngest child aged 0-2 years were more likely to experience parenting stress than those with a youngest child aged 3-6 (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.25-1.68). Compared with fathers who lived in two-parent households without grandparents, those who lived in single-father households (both with and without grandparents) were more likely to experience parenting stress (OR: 12.13, 95% CI: 5.60-26.29 and OR: 4.19, 95% CI: 2.04-8.60, respectively). Furthermore, there was a significant negative association between education and parenting stress. CONCLUSIONS Having a child aged 0-2 years, single fatherhood, and higher education were associated with parenting stress among fathers of preschool children. Healthcare professionals need to be aware of these factors when supporting fathers in raising their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Kachi
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Social Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manami Ochi
- Department of Health and Welfare Services, National Institute of Public Health, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tsuguhiko Kato
- Department of Social Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miyako Otsuka
- Department of Health Policy, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Takehara
- Department of Health Policy, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Mohammadpour M, Mohammad-Alizadeh Charandabi S, Malakouti J, Mohammadi MN, Mirghafourvand M. The effect of counseling on fathers' stress and anxiety during pregnancy: a randomized controlled clinical trial. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:208. [PMID: 33892677 PMCID: PMC8066482 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03217-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy is a challenging period for mothers and fathers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of counseling on stress and anxiety levels of fathers. METHODS This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 102 spouses of pregnant women in Ardabil, Iran. The participants were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group attended four 60-min counseling sessions at weekly intervals. The perceived stress and anxiety questionnaires were completed before and 4 weeks after the intervention. RESULTS The mean scores of state anxiety in the intervention group decreased significantly 4 weeks after the intervention compared with the control group (MD: -2.4; 95%CI: - 4.7 to - 0.2; p = 0.030). Four weeks after the intervention, no significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of trait anxiety (p = 0.472) and perceived stress (p = 0.635). CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that counseling reduced state anxiety in expectant fathers; therefore, this intervention is recommended to be used to reduce fathers' anxiety. TRIAL REGISTRATION IRCT2017042910324N38 . Registered 25 June 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mohammadpour
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Midwifery Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Jamileh Malakouti
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehriar Nadar Mohammadi
- grid.411426.40000 0004 0611 7226Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mojgan Mirghafourvand
- Midwifery Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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The Experiences of First-Time Fathers in Perinatal Services: Present but Invisible. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9020161. [PMID: 33546202 PMCID: PMC7913323 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9020161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fathers in the UK are becoming more involved in the care of their infants and children. A constructivist grounded theory approach was adopted to explore men’s transition to fatherhood. This paper reports on one of the sub-categories derived from the data. First-time fathers with a child under two were recruited predominantly via social media. Audio-recorded semi-structured interviews were undertaken with an opening question asking men to tell their story of becoming a father. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using constructivist grounded theory methods. This paper reports one core aspect of the research findings which has particular relevance for healthcare professionals. The men in this study were highly appreciative of the care their partner and baby received but consistently reported a lack of father-specific support throughout their journey to fatherhood. This ranged from generally poor communication with healthcare professionals to being ignored and side-lined in maternity settings where they continued to be treated as visitors before, during and after the birth of their baby. Despite similar findings being reported over the last 30 to 40 years and policy directives emphasising the importance of working with fathers, change within healthcare services remains slow. Currently, fathers’ needs are not being adequately met by perinatal services.
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Moran E, Bradshaw C, Tuohy T, Noonan M. The Paternal Experience of Fear of Childbirth: An Integrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:1231. [PMID: 33573071 PMCID: PMC7908162 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is estimated that approximately 13% of expectant fathers experience a pathological and debilitating fear of childbirth. OBJECTIVE The aim of this integrative review was to examine and synthesise the current body of research relating to paternal experience of fear of childbirth. METHODS A systematic literature search of five databases-CINAHL, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PsycArticles and PsycInfo-identified seventeen papers. Methodological quality of studies was assessed using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool. RESULTS Thematic data analysis identified three themes: the focus of fathers' childbirth-related fears, the impact of fear of childbirth on health and wellbeing, and fear of childbirth as a private burden. DISCUSSION Fear of childbirth is a significant and distressing experience for expectant fathers who may benefit from an opportunity to express their childbirth-related fears in an environment where they feel validated and supported. Antenatal education is recommended to enhance fathers' childbirth-related self-efficacy to reduce fear of childbirth. CONCLUSIONS Fear of childbirth may negatively impact the lives of men and consequently their families. Further investigation into methods and models for identifying and supporting men at risk of or experiencing fear of childbirth is required to improve outcomes for this population of men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Moran
- St. Patrick’s Mental Health Services, D08K7YW Dublin, Ireland
| | - Carmel Bradshaw
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, V94X5K6 Limerick, Ireland; (C.B.); (T.T.); (M.N.)
| | - Teresa Tuohy
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, V94X5K6 Limerick, Ireland; (C.B.); (T.T.); (M.N.)
| | - Maria Noonan
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, V94X5K6 Limerick, Ireland; (C.B.); (T.T.); (M.N.)
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16
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Catsaros S, Wendland J. Hypnosis-based interventions during pregnancy and childbirth and their impact on women's childbirth experience: A systematic review. Midwifery 2020; 84:102666. [DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2020.102666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Göbel A, Arck P, Hecher K, Schulte-Markwort M, Diemert A, Mudra S. Manifestation and Associated Factors of Pregnancy-Related Worries in Expectant Fathers. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:575845. [PMID: 33362598 PMCID: PMC7759496 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.575845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: During the last decades, fathers have increasingly participated in prenatal care, birth preparation classes, and childbirth. However, comparably little is known about the prenatal emotional well-being of fathers, particularly content and extent of broader paternal concerns that may arise during pregnancy beyond those focusing on childbirth. Thus, the aims of this study were to investigate the manifestation of paternal pregnancy-related worries in a population-based sample and to identify relevant associated factors. Materials and Methods: As part of a longitudinal pregnancy cohort at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany, N = 129 expectant fathers were assessed once during pregnancy. Pregnancy-related worries centering around medical procedures, childbirth, health of the baby, as well as socioeconomic aspects were assessed with the Cambridge Worry Scale (CWS). Additionally, paternal socioeconomic background and maternal obstetrical history, symptoms of generalized anxiety and depression, and level of hostility were investigated, as well as perceived social support. The cross-sectional data were analyzed based on multiple regression analyses. Results: The level of reported worries was overall low. Some fathers reported major worries for individual aspects like the health of a significant other (10.9%) and the baby (10.1%), as well as the current financial (6.2%) and employment situation (8.5%). Pregnancy-related worries were negatively associated with household income and positively associated with anxious and depressive symptoms and low perceived social support. Associations varied for specific pregnancy-related worries. Limitations: Due to the cross-sectional data examined in this study, a causal interpretation of the results is not possible. The sample was rather homogeneous regarding its socioeconomic background. More research needs to be done in larger, more heterogeneous samples. Conclusion: Though overall worries were rather low in this sample, specific major worries could be identified. Hence, addressing those fathers reporting major worries regarding specific aspects already in prenatal care might support their psychosocial adjustment. Fathers with little income, those with elevated levels of general anxious and depressive symptoms, and those with less social support reported higher pregnancy-related worries. Our results indicate the relevance of concerns beyond health- and birth-related aspects that could be relevant for fathers. Measurements developed specifically for expectant fathers are needed to properly capture their perspective already during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Göbel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Petra Arck
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kurt Hecher
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Schulte-Markwort
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anke Diemert
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Mudra
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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18
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Da Costa D, Danieli C, Abrahamowicz M, Dasgupta K, Sewitch M, Lowensteyn I, Zelkowitz P. A prospective study of postnatal depressive symptoms and associated risk factors in first-time fathers. J Affect Disord 2019; 249:371-377. [PMID: 30818245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies show that paternal depression negatively impacts children's behavioral and emotional development. This study determined the prevalence of depressed mood in first-time fathers at 2 and 6 months postpartum and identified associated risk factors. METHODS A prospective cohort study with 622 men who completed sociodemographic and psychosocial questionnaires during their partner's third trimester of pregnancy. Fathers completed measures again at 2 and 6 months postpartum and partners completed the depressed mood measure at all three timepoints. A cutoff of ≥10 for the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale identified depressed mood status. RESULTS The prevalence of depressive symptoms in fathers was 13.76% at 2 months and 13.60% at 6 months postpartum. Men who were depressed during their partner's pregnancy were 7 times more likely to be depressed at 2 months postpartum. Depressed mood status at both the antenatal and 2 month postpartum assessment was associated with increased risk of depressed mood at 6 months postpartum. Older age, poor sleep quality at study entry, worse couple adjustment, having a partner experiencing antenatal depressive symptoms and elevated parental stress were associated with depressive symptoms at 2 months postpartum. Poor sleep quality, financial stress and a decline in couple adjustment were independently associated to depressive symptoms at 6 months postpartum. LIMITATIONS This sample was fairly well-educated and predominately middle-class. Depressive symptoms were assessed using a self-report questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS The psychosocial risk factors identified provide opportunities for early screening and targeted prevention strategies for fathers at risk for depression during the transition to parenthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Da Costa
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Canada; Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre - Research Institute, Canada.
| | - Coraline Danieli
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Canada
| | - Michal Abrahamowicz
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Canada
| | - Kaberi Dasgupta
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Canada; Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre - Research Institute, Canada
| | - Maida Sewitch
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Canada; Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre - Research Institute, Canada
| | - Ilka Lowensteyn
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre - Research Institute, Canada
| | - Phyllis Zelkowitz
- Lady Davis Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital and McGill University, Canada
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19
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Ryding EL, Read S, Rouhe H, Halmesmäki E, Salmela-Aro K, Toivanen R, Tokola M, Saisto T. Partners of nulliparous women with severe fear of childbirth: A longitudinal study of psychological well-being. Birth 2018; 45:88-93. [PMID: 28892237 DOI: 10.1111/birt.12309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the psychological status of partners of women with severe fear of childbirth (FOC). In this longitudinal study from Helsinki University Central Hospital, we investigated FOC, depression, and posttraumatic stress in the partners of women with severe FOC, and possible effects of group psychoeducation and mode of birth. METHODS During pregnancy, 250 partners of nulliparous women with severe FOC participated, 93 in the intervention group and 157 in the control group. At 3 months postpartum, 52 partners in the intervention group and 93 in the control group participated. Both the partners and the childbearing women filled in the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale mid-pregnancy as well as 3 months postpartum, when they also filled in the Traumatic Event Scale. RESULTS Partners of women with severe FOC reported less antenatal and postnatal FOC and fewer depressive symptoms than the childbearing women. No partner reached the threshold of severe FOC. No partner reported a possible posttraumatic stress disorder. Group psychoeducation with relaxation was not associated with better or worse psychological well-being of the partners. An emergency cesarean delivery was associated with a more fearful delivery experience in the partners. CONCLUSION Partners of nulliparous women with severe FOC neither seem to suffer from severe FOC nor reported posttraumatic stress symptoms after childbirth. They reported better psychological well-being than the mothers both during pregnancy and after delivery. An unexpected cesarean may be a negative experience even for partners of childbearing women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Lena Ryding
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sanna Read
- London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - Hanna Rouhe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erja Halmesmäki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Riikka Toivanen
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskyla, Jyväskyla, Finland
| | - Maiju Tokola
- Psychotherapy Clinic Tunnetila, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Terhi Saisto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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20
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Philpott LF, Leahy-Warren P, FitzGerald S, Savage E. Stress in fathers in the perinatal period: A systematic review. Midwifery 2017; 55:113-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Bäckström C, Thorstensson S, Mårtensson LB, Grimming R, Nyblin Y, Golsäter M. 'To be able to support her, I must feel calm and safe': pregnant women's partners perceptions of professional support during pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2017; 17:234. [PMID: 28716133 PMCID: PMC5513399 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-017-1411-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Professional support does not always meet the needs of expectant fathers or co-mothers. The way in which professional support is offered during pregnancy varies internationally, depending on the country. In order to attain a greater understanding of partners’ experiences of professional support, it is necessary to further illuminate their perceptions of it. The aim of this study was therefore to explore pregnant women’s partners’ perceptions of professional support during pregnancy. Methods Qualitative research design. Partners of pregnant women were interviewed during gestational week 36–38. Individual semi-structured interviews were used to explore the partners’ perceptions. The data was analysed using a phenomenographic approach. The study was performed in a county in south-western Sweden; the data collection was conducted from November 2014 to February 2015. Fourteen partners (expectant fathers and co-mothers) of women who were expectant first-time mothers with singleton pregnancies, were interviewed. Results The findings of the study are presented through four descriptive categories: Ability to absorb adequate information; Possibility to meet and share with other expectant parents; Confirmation of the partner’s importance; and Influence on the couple relationship. Using a theoretical assumption of the relationship between the categories showed that the fourth category was influenced by the other three categories. Conclusions The partners perceived that professional support during pregnancy could influence the couple relationship. The partners’ ability to communicate and to experience togetherness with the women increased when the expectant couple received professional support together. The support created also possibilities to meet and share experiences with other expectant parents. In contrast, a lack of support was found to contribute to partners’ feelings of unimportance. It was essential that the midwives included the partners by confirming that they were individuals who had different needs for various types of professional support. The partners perceived it easier to absorb information when it was adequate and given with a pedagogic that made the partners become interested and emotionally engaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Bäckström
- University of Skövde, School of Health and Education, P.O. Box 408, SE-541 28, Skövde, Sweden. .,Skaraborg Hospital Skövde, Woman, Child (K3), SE-541 85, Skövde, Sweden. .,Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, CHILD-research group, Box 1026, SE-551 11, Jönköping, Sweden.
| | - Stina Thorstensson
- University of Skövde, School of Health and Education, P.O. Box 408, SE-541 28, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Lena B Mårtensson
- University of Skövde, School of Health and Education, P.O. Box 408, SE-541 28, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Rebecca Grimming
- University of Skövde, School of Health and Education, P.O. Box 408, SE-541 28, Skövde, Sweden.,Närhälsan Skaraborg, Young Persons Clinic, SE-541 85, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Yrsa Nyblin
- University of Skövde, School of Health and Education, P.O. Box 408, SE-541 28, Skövde, Sweden.,Danderyd Hospital AB, Women's care, Gynecology ward, SE-18288, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Golsäter
- Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, CHILD-research group, Box 1026, SE-551 11, Jönköping, Sweden
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Jepsen I, Mark E, Foureur M, Nøhr EA, Sørensen EE. A qualitative study of how caseload midwifery is experienced by couples in Denmark. Women Birth 2017; 30:e61-e69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pilkington PD, Rominov H. Fathers' Worries During Pregnancy: A Qualitative Content Analysis of Reddit. J Perinat Educ 2017; 26:208-218. [PMID: 30804656 DOI: 10.1891/1058-1243.26.4.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Qualitative investigations into the emotional needs of expectant fathers have been limited by difficulties with recruitment. This study aimed to unobtrusively obtain insights into fathers' worries during pregnancy by analyzing the content of posts on the Internet forum Reddit. The majority of worries related to infant well-being (50.8%), particularly the potential for perinatal loss (23.0%). Concerns relating to partner well-being and the couple relationship were also common, comprising 17.0% of posts. Several posts related to individual factors, such as apprehension about the father role (16.3%). Finally, situational factors such as work-family conflict accounted for 15.9% of posts. These findings contribute to the growing literature on fathers' experiences of pregnancy and can inform the development of father-inclusive perinatal education.
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Hauck YL, Stoll KH, Hall WA, Downie J. Association between childbirth attitudes and fear on birth preferences of a future generation of Australian parents. Women Birth 2016; 29:511-517. [PMID: 27233945 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reality of childbirth fear is recognised for expectant parents but we lack knowledge about the childbirth attitudes of the next generation of Australian parents. AIM Examination of adults' attitudes toward childbirth including influencing contributing factors, fear scores, birth preferences and reasons for this preference. METHODS A cross-sectional online study was conducted with 654 Western Australian students attending one tertiary institution. Students (male and female) were eligible to participate if they were less than 40 years of age and did not currently have children but confirmed their intention to become parents. To assess associations or comparison of means, bi-variable analyses (Chi square test, Fisher's Exact test, Independent Student's t-test or one way ANOVA) were used. Factors associated with childbirth fear and birth preferences were assessed with binary logistic regression analysis. FINDINGS Childbirth attitudes were shaped by family members' (82.0%) and friends' experiences (64.4%) plus media (TV, YouTube, and movies) (63.5%). Furthermore, 15.6% of adults indicated a preference for a caesarean birth, even without obstetric complications. Likewise, 26.1% reported elevated fear; students with elevated fear scores had 2.6 times greater odds of wanting a caesarean birth. Only 23.4% of students felt confident about their childbirth knowledge. CONCLUSION Adults reported fear levels that warrant attention prior to a future pregnancy. Although the majority would choose a vaginal birth, they require awareness of benefits and risks for both vaginal and caesarean births to ensure their decisions reflect informed choice rather than influences of inadequate knowledge or fear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne L Hauck
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845 Australia; Department of Nursing and Midwifery Education and Research, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Bagot Rd, Subiaco, WA 6008, Australia.
| | - Kathrin H Stoll
- School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T-1Z3, Canada.
| | - Wendy A Hall
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada.
| | - Jill Downie
- Office of the Deputy Vice-Chancellor, Academic, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
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Suto M, Isogai E, Mizutani F, Kakee N, Misago C, Takehara K. Prevalence and Factors Associated With Postpartum Depression in Fathers: A Regional, Longitudinal Study in Japan. Res Nurs Health 2016; 39:253-62. [DOI: 10.1002/nur.21728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Suto
- Graduate School of International and Cultural Studies; Tsuda College; Tokyo Japan
| | - Emi Isogai
- Public Health Nurse; Nishio City Health Center; Aichi Japan
| | | | - Naoko Kakee
- Division of Bioethics; National Center for Child Health and Development; Tokyo Japan
| | - Chizuru Misago
- Department of International and Cultural Studies; Tsuda College; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kenji Takehara
- Department of Health Policy; National Center for Child Health and Development; 10-1 Okura 2-chome Setagaya Tokyo 157-8535 Japan
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Spousal Presence as a Nonpharmacological Pain Management during Childbirth: A Pilot Study. Nurs Res Pract 2015; 2015:932763. [PMID: 26682066 PMCID: PMC4670669 DOI: 10.1155/2015/932763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Measures of spousal effect during parturient pain should take a tripartite approach involving the parturients, spouses, and midwives. Aim. To develop and validate three questionnaires measuring spousal presence in management of parturient pain in Nigeria. Methods. There are two phases: (1) development of questionnaires, Abuja Instrument for Midwives (AIM), Abuja Instrument for Parturient Pain (AIPP), and Abuja Instrument for Parturient Spouses (AIPS), utilizing literatures, Kuopio instrument for fathers (KIF) and expertise of health professionals, and (2) pilot study to validate the questionnaires which were administered in two hospitals in Nigeria: midwives (n = 10), parturients (n = 10), and spouses (n = 10). Results. Internal consistency for the three questionnaires indicated Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.789 (AIM), 0.802 (AIPP), and 0.860 (AIPS), while test-retest reliability was r = 0.99 (AIM), r = 0.99 (AIPP), and r = 0.90 (AIPS). Conclusions. AIM, AIPP, and AIPS provide a means of investigating the effectiveness of spousal presence in management of parturient pain in Nigeria. However, further testing of each instrument is needed in a larger population to replicate the beneficial findings of AIMS, AIPP, and AIPS which can contribute rigor to future studies.
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