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Wei Y, Qi FN, Xu YR, Zhang KQ, Xu J, Cao YR, Liang LM. Characterization of regulatory genes Plhffp and Plpif1 involved in conidiation regulation in Purpureocillium lavendulum. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1352989. [PMID: 38435693 PMCID: PMC10906660 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1352989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpureocillium lavendulum is an important biocontrol agent against plant-parasitic nematodes, primarily infecting them with conidia. However, research on the regulatory genes and pathways involved in its conidiation is still limited. In this study, we employed Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation to generate 4,870 random T-DNA insertion mutants of P. lavendulum. Among these mutants, 131 strains exhibited abnormal conidiation, and further in-depth investigations were conducted on two strains (designated as #5-197 and #5-119) that showed significantly reduced conidiation. Through whole-genome re-sequencing and genome walking, we identified the T-DNA insertion sites in these strains and determined the corresponding genes affected by the insertions, namely Plhffp and Plpif1. Both genes were knocked out through homologous recombination, and phenotypic analysis revealed a significant difference in conidiation between the knockout strains and the wild-type strain (ku80). Upon complementation of the ΔPlpif1 strain with the corresponding wildtype allele, conidiation was restored to a level comparable to ku80, providing further evidence of the involvement of this gene in conidiation regulation in P. lavendulum. The knockout of Plhffp or Plpif1 reduced the antioxidant capacity of P. lavendulum, and the absence of Plhffp also resulted in decreased resistance to SDS, suggesting that this gene may be involved in the integrity of the cell wall. RT-qPCR showed that knockout of Plhffp or Plpif1 altered expression levels of several known genes associated with conidiation. Additionally, the analysis of nematode infection assays with Caenorhabditis elegans indicated that the knockout of Plhffp and Plpif1 indirectly reduced the pathogenicity of P. lavendulum towards the nematodes. The results demonstrate that Agrobacterium tumefaciens - mediated T-DNA insertion mutagenesis, gene knockout, and complementation can be highly effective for identifying functionally important genes in P. lavendulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Feng-Na Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yan-Rui Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Ke-Qin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianping Xu
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Yan-Ru Cao
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Lian-Ming Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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Yang H, Song C, Liu C, Wang P. Synthetic Biology Tools for Engineering Aspergillus oryzae. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:34. [PMID: 38248944 PMCID: PMC10817548 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
For more than a thousand years, Aspergillus oryzae has been used in traditional culinary industries, including for food fermentation, brewing, and flavoring. In recent years, A. oryzae has been extensively used in deciphering the pathways of natural product synthesis and value-added compound bioproduction. Moreover, it is increasingly being used in modern biotechnology industries, such as for the production of enzymes and recombinant proteins. The investigation of A. oryzae has been significantly accelerated through the successive application of a diverse array of synthetic biology techniques and methodologies. In this review, the advancements in biological tools for the synthesis of A. oryzae, including DNA assembly technologies, gene expression regulatory elements, and genome editing systems, are discussed. Additionally, the challenges associated with the heterologous expression of A. oryzae are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-Like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Chaonan Song
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-Like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Chengwei Liu
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-Like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Pengchao Wang
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-Like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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de Almeida TT, Tschoeke BAP, Quecine MC, Tezzoto T, Gaziola SA, Azevedo RA, Piotto FA, Orlandelli RC, Dourado MN, Azevedo JL. Mechanisms of Mucor sp. CM3 isolated from the aquatic macrophyte Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms to increase cadmium bioremediation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:93846-93861. [PMID: 37523087 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29003-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Bioremediation of toxic metals is a feasible and low-cost remediation tool to reduce metal contamination. Plant-fungus interactions can improve this technique. Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms is a macrophyte reported to bioremediate contaminated water. Thus, the present study aimed to isolate endophytic fungi from E. crassipes, select a highly cadmium (Cd) tolerant isolate and evaluate its bioremediation potential. This was evaluated by (1) the fungus tolerance and capacity to accumulate Cd; (2) Cd effects on cell morphology (using SEM and TEM) and on the fungal antioxidant defense system, as well as (3) the effect on model plant Solanum lycopersicum L. cultivar Calabash Rouge, inoculated with the endophyte fungus and exposed to Cd. Our results selected the endophyte Mucor sp. CM3, which was able to tolerate up to 1000 g/L of Cd and to accumulate 900 mg of Cd/g of biomass. Significant changes in Mucor sp. CM3 morphology were observed when exposed to high Cd concentrations, retaining this metal both in its cytoplasm and in its cell wall, which may be linked to detoxification and metal sequestration mechanisms related to the formation of Cd-GSH complexes. In addition, Cd stress induced the activation of all tested antioxidant enzymes - superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR) - in this endophytic fungus. Moreover, when inoculated in tomato plants, this fungus promoted plant growth (in treatments without Cd) and induced an increased metal translocation to plant shoot, showing its potential to increase metal bioremediation. Therefore, this study indicates that the isolated endophyte Mucor sp. CM3 can be applied as a tool in different plant conditions, improving plant bioremediation and reducing the environmental damage caused by Cd, while also promoting plant growth in the absence of contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Tognolli de Almeida
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Centenário, 303 - São Dimas, Piracicaba, SP, 13400-970, Brazil.
- Stricto Sensu Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences and Agricultural Sustainability, Dom Bosco Catholic University (UCDB), Av. Tamandaré, 6000 - Jardim Seminário, Campo Grande, MS, 79117-900, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Augusto Prohmann Tschoeke
- Department of Genetics, Superior School of Agriculture'Luiz de Queiroz', University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11 - Agronomia, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-260, Brazil
| | - Maria Carolina Quecine
- Department of Genetics, Superior School of Agriculture'Luiz de Queiroz', University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11 - Agronomia, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-260, Brazil
| | - Tiago Tezzoto
- Plant Production Department, Superior School of Agriculture'Luiz de Queiroz', University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11 - Agronomia, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-260, Brazil
| | - Salete Aparecida Gaziola
- Department of Genetics, Superior School of Agriculture'Luiz de Queiroz', University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11 - Agronomia, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-260, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Antunes Azevedo
- Department of Genetics, Superior School of Agriculture'Luiz de Queiroz', University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11 - Agronomia, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-260, Brazil
| | - Fernando Angelo Piotto
- Department of Genetics, Superior School of Agriculture'Luiz de Queiroz', University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11 - Agronomia, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-260, Brazil
| | - Ravely Casarotti Orlandelli
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, Bloco H67, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Manuella Nóbrega Dourado
- Postgraduate Program in Technological and Environmental Processes, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Rod. Raposo Tavares, Km 92,5 - Vila Artura, Sorocaba, SP, 18023-000, Brazil
| | - João Lucio Azevedo
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Centenário, 303 - São Dimas, Piracicaba, SP, 13400-970, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Superior School of Agriculture'Luiz de Queiroz', University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11 - Agronomia, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-260, Brazil
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Yang F, Lu Y, Du Y, Liu S, Zhong X, Du Y, Tian Z, Long CA. GAR-transferase contributes to purine synthesis and mitochondrion function to maintain fungal development and full virulence of Penicillium digitatum. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 394:110177. [PMID: 36940519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Penicillium digitatum is one of the most critical phytopathogens during the citrus postharvest period. However, the molecular mechanism of pathogenesis remains to be further explored. Purine is a multiple functional substance in organisms. To verify the role of the de novo purine biosynthesis (DNPB) pathway in P. digitatum, we investigated the third gene Pdgart, glycinamide ribonucleotide (GAR)-transferase, of this pathway in this study. The deletion mutant ΔPdgart was generated in the principle of homologous recombination via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT). The phenotypic assay indicated that the ΔPdgart mutant displayed severe defects in hyphae growth, conidiation and germination, which can be rescued by the addition of exogenous ATP and AMP. Compared with wild-type strain N1, the ATP level of strain ΔPdgart was detected to be sharply declined during conidial germination, and this was resulted from the damage to purine synthesis and aerobic respiration. The pathogenicity assay suggested that mutant ΔPdgart infected citrus fruit but attenuated disease, which was owing to its reduced production of organic acids and activities of cell wall degradation enzymes. Additionally, the ΔPdgart mutant showed altered sensitivity to stress agents and fungicides. Taken together, the present study provides insights into the essential functions of Pdgart, and paves the way for further study and novel fungicide development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- National Kay Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, National R&D Center For Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yongqing Lu
- National Kay Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, National R&D Center For Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yulin Du
- National Kay Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, National R&D Center For Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shuqi Liu
- National Kay Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, National R&D Center For Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiuying Zhong
- National Kay Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, National R&D Center For Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yujie Du
- National Kay Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, National R&D Center For Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhonghuan Tian
- National Kay Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, National R&D Center For Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chao-An Long
- National Kay Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, National R&D Center For Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Xia Y, Zhou X, Liang L, Liu X, Li H, Xiong Z, Wang G, Song X, Ai L. Genetic evidence for the requirements of antroquinonol biosynthesis by Antrodia camphorata during liquid-state fermentation. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 49:6428402. [PMID: 34791342 PMCID: PMC9113095 DOI: 10.1093/jimb/kuab086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The solid-state fermentation of Antrodia camphorata could produce a variety of ubiquinone compounds, such as antroquinonol (AQ). However, AQ is hardly synthesized during liquid-state fermentation (LSF). To investigates the mechanism of AQ synthesis, three precursors (ubiquinone 0 UQ0, farnesol and farnesyl diphosphate FPP) were added in LSF. The results showed that UQ0 successfully induced AQ production; however, farnesol and FPP could not induce AQ synthesis. The precursor that restricts the synthesis of AQ is the quinone ring, not the isoprene side chain. Then, the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system of A. camphorata was established and the genes for quinone ring modification (coq2-6) and isoprene synthesis (HMGR, fps) were overexpressed. The results showed that overexpression of genes for isoprene side chain synthesis could not increase the yield of AQ, but overexpression of coq2 and coq5 could significantly increase AQ production. This is consistent with the results of the experiment of precursors. It indicated that the A. camphorata lack the ability to modify the quinone ring of AQ during LSF. Of the modification steps, prenylation of UQ0 is the key step of AQ biosynthesis. The result will help us to understand the genetic evidence for the requirements of AQ biosynthesis in A. camphorata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Xia
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Lihong Liang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Hui Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xiong
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Guangqiang Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xin Song
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Lianzhong Ai
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
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Wang Y, Yao J, Xia X, Li Z, Zhou S, Liu W, Wu H. Genomic Sequence Resource of Kabatiella zeae, the Causative Pathogen of Corn Eyespot Disease. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2021; 34:1223-1226. [PMID: 34142852 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-04-21-0083-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Kabatiella zeae is the causative pathogen of corn eyespot disease, which is an important leaf disease that damages corn (Zea mays L.) worldwide. In this study, we provided an annotated draft of the assembled genome of the K. zeae field strain KZ1 through PacBio and Illumina sequencing. The assembled KZ1 genome size is 23,602,820 bp, and its GC content is 50.71%. The completeness of the assembled genome is 97.6% in this study. The assembly obtained in this study has 94 contigs and the length of N50 is 720,243 bp. This study is the first report of the K. zeae genome, which contributes to further research on the genetic variation and pathogenic mechanism of this important fungal pathogen.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 440307, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinai Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193, Beijing, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 350013, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinyao Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoqun Zhou
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 440307, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wende Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Hanxiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193, Beijing, China
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Chen X, Wang Y, He CY, Wang GL, Zhang GC, Wang CL, Wang DH, Zou X, Wei GY. Improved production of β-glucan by a T-DNA-based mutant of Aureobasidium pullulans. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:6887-6898. [PMID: 34448899 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11538-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To improve β-1,3-1,6-D-glucan (β-glucan) production by Aureobasidium pullulans, an Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation method was developed to screen a mutant A. pullulans CGMCC 19650. Based on thermal asymmetric-interlaced PCR detection, DNA sequencing, BLAST analysis, and quantitative real-time PCR assay, the T-DNA was identified to be inserted in the coding region of mal31 gene, which encodes a sugar transporter involved in pullulan biosynthesis in the mutant. The maximal biomass and β-glucan production under batch fermentation were significantly increased by 47.6% and 78.6%, respectively, while pullulan production was decreased by 41.7% in the mutant, as compared to the parental strain A. pullulans CCTCC M 2012259. Analysis of the physiological mechanism of these changes revealed that mal31 gene disruption increased the transcriptional levels of pgm2, ugp, fks1, and kre6 genes; increased the amounts of key enzymes associated with UDPG and β-glucan biosynthesis; and improved intracellular UDPG contents and energy supply, all of which favored β-glucan production. However, the T-DNA insertion decreased the transcriptional levels of ags2 genes, and reduced the biosynthetic capability to form pullulan, resulting in the decrease in pullulan production. This study not only provides an effective approach for improved β-glucan production by A. pullulans, but also presents an accurate and useful gene for metabolic engineering of the producer for efficient polysaccharide production. KEY POINTS: • A mutant A. pullulans CGMCC 19650 was screened by using the ATMT method. • The mal31 gene encoding a sugar transporter was disrupted in the mutant. • β-Glucan produced by the mutant was significantly improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199# Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199# Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao-Yong He
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199# Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199# Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Gao-Chuan Zhang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199# Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong-Long Wang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199# Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Hui Wang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199# Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2# TianSheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gong-Yuan Wei
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199# Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China.
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Daba GM, Mostafa FA, Elkhateeb WA. The ancient koji mold (Aspergillus oryzae) as a modern biotechnological tool. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:52. [PMID: 38650252 PMCID: PMC10992763 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00408-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus oryzae (A. oryzae) is a filamentous micro-fungus that is used from centuries in fermentation of different foods in many countries all over the world. This valuable fungus is also a rich source of many bioactive secondary metabolites. Moreover, A. oryzae has a prestigious secretory system that allows it to secrete high concentrations of proteins into its culturing medium, which support its use as biotechnological tool in veterinary, food, pharmaceutical, and industrial fields. This review aims to highlight the significance of this valuable fungus in food industry, showing its generosity in production of nutritional and bioactive metabolites that enrich food fermented by it. Also, using A. oryzae as a biotechnological tool in the field of enzymes production was described. Furthermore, domestication, functional genomics, and contributions of A. oryzae in functional production of human pharmaceutical proteins were presented. Finally, future prospects in order to get more benefits from A. oryzae were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghoson M Daba
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical Industries Researches Division, National Research Centre, El Buhouth Street, Dokki, Giza, 12311, Egypt.
| | - Faten A Mostafa
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical Industries Researches Division, National Research Centre, El Buhouth Street, Dokki, Giza, 12311, Egypt.
| | - Waill A Elkhateeb
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical Industries Researches Division, National Research Centre, El Buhouth Street, Dokki, Giza, 12311, Egypt
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Son YE, Park HS. Genetic Manipulation and Transformation Methods for Aspergillus spp. MYCOBIOLOGY 2020; 49:95-104. [PMID: 37970179 PMCID: PMC10635212 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2020.1838115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Species of the genus Aspergillus have a variety of effects on humans and have been considered industrial cell factories due to their prominent ability for manufacturing several products such as heterologous proteins, secondary metabolites, and organic acids. Scientists are trying to improve fungal strains and re-design metabolic processes through advanced genetic manipulation techniques and gene delivery systems to enhance their industrial efficiency and utility. In this review, we describe the current status of the genetic manipulation techniques and transformation methods for species of the genus Aspergillus. The host strains, selective markers, and experimental materials required for the genetic manipulation and fungal transformation are described in detail. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Eun Son
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Soo Park
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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An efficient genetic transformation system for Chinese medicine fungus Tolypocladium ophioglossoides. J Microbiol Methods 2020; 176:106032. [PMID: 32805368 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2020.106032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tolypocladium ophioglossoides is a rare and valuable fungus extensively used in Chinese medicine for relieving postmenopausal syndrome in women yet its bioactive molecules are unknown. To explore its molecular mechanisms, we have developed a reliable Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system using the selective marker: the chlorimuron ethyl-resistance gene sur. For this purpose, we firstly constructed a T-DNA binary vector system and then improved the transformation efficiency by optimizing conditional parameters including the Agrobacterium tumefaciens concentration, the conidia number of T. ophioglossoides, the co-culture time and the concentration of acetosyringone. Furthermore, we have knocked-out the ku70 gene,which is a key gene in non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA repair pathway,and the effect of the length of the homologous arms (HA) on the genetic transformation efficacy was also examined, which increased by 60% when HA was about 3 kb in length. Our results suggest that the genetic transformation system is efficient and feasible for the truffle-parasite fungus T. ophioglossoides, which can further be used in large-scale experiments for characterization of genes of interest in future work.
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An optimized Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation system for random insertional mutagenesis in Fonsecaea monophora. J Microbiol Methods 2020; 170:105838. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2020.105838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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A newly constructed Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system revealed the influence of nitrogen sources on the function of the LaeA regulator in Penicillium chrysogenum. Fungal Biol 2019; 123:830-842. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2019.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Costa CRDM, Menolli RA, Osaku EF, Tramontina R, de Melo RH, do Amaral AE, Duarte PA, de Carvalho MM, Smiderle FR, Silva JLDC, Mello RG. Exopolysaccharides from Aspergillus terreus: Production, chemical elucidation and immunoactivity. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 139:654-664. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Feng J, Li T, Zhang X, Chen J, Zhao T, Zou X. Efficient production of polymalic acid from xylose mother liquor, an environmental waste from the xylitol industry, by a T-DNA-based mutant of Aureobasidium pullulans. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:6519-6527. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09974-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sayari M, van der Nest MA, Steenkamp ET, Adegeye OO, Marincowitz S, Wingfield BD. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Ceratocystis albifundus. Microbiol Res 2019; 226:55-64. [PMID: 31284945 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Functional association between genomic loci and specific biological traits remains lacking in many fungi, including the African tree pathogen Ceratocystis albifundus. This is mainly because of the absence of suitable transformation systems for allowing genetic manipulation of this and other fungi. Here, we present an optimized protocol for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of C. albifundus. Strain AGL-1 of A. tumefaciens and four binary T-DNA vectors (conferring hygromycin B or geneticin resistance and/or expressing the green fluorescent protein [GFP]) were used for transforming germinated conidia of three isolates of C. albifundus. Stable expression of these T-DNA-encoded traits was confirmed through sequential sub-culturing of fungal transformants on selective and non-selective media and by using PCR and sequence analysis. Single-copy integration of the respective T-DNAs into the genomes of these fungi was confirmed using Southern hybridization analysis. The range of experimental parameters determined and optimised included: (i) concentrations of hygromycin B and geneticin required for inhibiting growth of the wild type fungus and (ii) the dependence of transformation on acetosyringone for inducing the bacterium's virulence genes, as well as (iii) the duration of fungus-bacterium co-cultivation periods and (iv) the concentrations of fungal conidia and bacterial cells used for the latter. The system developed in this study is stable with a high-efficiency, yielding up to 400 transformants per 106 conidia. This is the first report of a transformation protocol for C. albifundus and its availability will be invaluable for functional studies in this important fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sayari
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - M A van der Nest
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa; Biotechnology Platform, Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort Campus, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - E T Steenkamp
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - O O Adegeye
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - S Marincowitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - B D Wingfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa.
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He B, Tu Y, Jiang C, Zhang Z, Li Y, Zeng B. Functional Genomics of Aspergillus oryzae: Strategies and Progress. Microorganisms 2019; 7:E103. [PMID: 30974907 PMCID: PMC6518170 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7040103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus oryzae has been used for the production of traditional fermentation and has promising potential to produce primary and secondary metabolites. Due to the tough cell walls and high drug resistance of A. oryzae, functional genomic characterization studies are relatively limited. The exploitation of selection markers and genetic transformation methods are critical for improving A. oryzae fermentative strains. In this review, we describe the genome sequencing of various A. oryzae strains. Recently developed selection markers and transformation strategies are also described in detail, and the advantages and disadvantages of transformation methods are presented. Lastly, we introduce the recent progress on highlighted topics in A. oryzae functional genomics including conidiation, protein secretion and expression, and secondary metabolites, which will be beneficial for improving the application of A. oryzae to industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin He
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering and Co-Innovation Center for In-vitro Diagnostic Reagents and Devices of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Yayi Tu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering and Co-Innovation Center for In-vitro Diagnostic Reagents and Devices of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Chunmiao Jiang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering and Co-Innovation Center for In-vitro Diagnostic Reagents and Devices of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering and Co-Innovation Center for In-vitro Diagnostic Reagents and Devices of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Yongkai Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering and Co-Innovation Center for In-vitro Diagnostic Reagents and Devices of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Bin Zeng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering and Co-Innovation Center for In-vitro Diagnostic Reagents and Devices of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
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Sun J, Xu R, Xiao S, Lu Y, Zhang Q, Xue C. Agrobacterium tumefaciens -mediated transformation as an efficient tool for insertional mutagenesis of Kabatiella zeae. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 149:96-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Han G, Shao Q, Li C, Zhao K, Jiang L, Fan J, Jiang H, Tao F. An efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method for aflatoxin generation fungus Aspergillus flavus. J Microbiol 2018; 56:356-364. [DOI: 10.1007/s12275-018-7349-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Poyedinok NL, Blume YB. Advances, Problems, and Prospects of Genetic Transformation of Fungi. CYTOL GENET+ 2018. [DOI: 10.3103/s009545271802007x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Highly efficient transformation of a (hemi-)cellulases-producing fungus Eupenicillium parvum 4–14 by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 146:40-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Stein HP, Navajas-Pérez R, Aranda E. Potential for CRISPR Genetic Engineering to Increase Xenobiotic Degradation Capacities in Model Fungi. APPROACHES IN BIOREMEDIATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-02369-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation: an efficient tool for targeted gene disruption in Talaromyces marneffei. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 33:183. [PMID: 28948456 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-017-2352-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Talaromyces marneffei causes life-threatening infections in immunocompromised hosts. An efficient tool for genetic manipulation of T. marneffei will allow for increased understanding of this thermally dimorphic fungus. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) was optimized for targeted gene disruption in T. marneffei using the plasmid pDHt/acuD::pyrG. Molecular analyses of transformants were performed by PCR, Southern blot and semi-quantitative RT-PCR. A. tumefaciens strain EHA105 was more efficient at transformation than strain AGL-1 in ATMT via solid co-cultivation. An A. tumefaciens:T. marneffei ratio of 1000:1 in an ATMT liquid co-cultivation led to a relatively high transformation efficiency of 90 transformants per 106 yeast cells. Using ATMT-mediated knockout mutagenesis, we successfully deleted the acuD gene in T. marneffei. PCR and Southern blot analysis confirmed that acuD was disrupted and that the foreign pyrG gene was integrated into T. marneffei. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis further confirmed that pyrG was expressed normally. These results suggest that ATMT can be a potential platform for targeted gene disruption in T. marneffei and that liquid co-cultivation may provide new opportunities to develop clinical treatments.
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Wang D, Wang S, He D, Gao S, Xue B, Wang L. Deletion of afpab1 Causes Increased Sensitivity to Oxidative Stress and Hypovirulence in Aspergillus fumigatus. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17111811. [PMID: 27801871 PMCID: PMC5133812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus AFPAB1 is the ortholog of the Aspergillus oryzae cytoplasmic messenger ribonucleoprotein granules AOPAB1 that function to depress the initiation of translation during stress. A. fumigatus can regulate its cellular physiology in response to environmental stresses, but there has been no research on Pab1 in A. fumigatus. The associated gene afpab1 was replaced with a hygromycin-selectable marker to generate the strain Δafpab1. Phenotypic analysis showed that the Δafpab1 grew more weakly than the wild-type strain. Also the germination rate of Δafpab1 was decreased when exposed to oxidative stress. The morphology of Δafpab1 spores also showed great changes. The killing rate of Δafpab1 by RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells was increased, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging ability of Δafpab1 was decreased. Pathogenicity testing showed that the deletion strain had decreased virulence. Therefore, we conclude that afpab1 activity is correlated with susceptibility to oxidative stress, and deletion of afpab1 from A. fumigatus possibly leads to observed hypovirulence in an immunosuppressed mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Wang
- Department of Pathogenobiology, Jilin University Mycology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Shunan Wang
- Department of Pathogenobiology, Jilin University Mycology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Dan He
- Department of Pathogenobiology, Jilin University Mycology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Pathogenobiology, Jilin University Mycology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Baiji Xue
- Department of Pathogenobiology, Jilin University Mycology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pathogenobiology, Jilin University Mycology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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Xu X, Li J, Shi P, Ji W, Liu B, Zhang Y, Yao B, Fan Y, Zhang W. The use of T-DNA insertional mutagenesis to improve cellulase production by the thermophilic fungus Humicola insolens Y1. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31108. [PMID: 27506519 PMCID: PMC4979032 DOI: 10.1038/srep31108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Humicola insolens is an excellent producer of pH-neutral active, thermostable cellulases that find many industrial applications. In the present study, we developed an efficient Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation system for H. insolens. We transformed plasmids carrying the promoter of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene of H. insolens driving the transcription of genes encoding neomycin phosphotransferase, hygromycin B phosphotransferase, and enhanced green fluorescent protein. We optimized transformation efficiency to obtain over 300 transformants/106 conidia. T-DNA insertional mutagenesis was employed to generate an H. insolens mutant library, and we isolated a transformant termed T4 with enhanced cellulase and hemicellulase activities. The FPase, endoglucanase, cellobiohydrolase, β-glucosidase, and xylanase activities of T4, measured at the end of fermentation, were 60%, 440%, 320%, 41%, and 81% higher than those of the wild-type strain, respectively. We isolated the sequences flanking the T-DNA insertions and thus identified new genes potentially involved in cellulase and hemicellulase production. Our results show that it is feasible to use T-DNA insertional mutagenesis to identify novel candidate genes involved in cellulase production. This will be valuable when genetic improvement programs seeking to enhance cellulase production are planned, and will also allow us to gain a better understanding of the genetics of the thermophilic fungus H. insolens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Xu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jinyang Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Pengjun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wangli Ji
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bin Yao
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yunliu Fan
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Application of a delta-6 desaturase with α-linolenic acid preference on eicosapentaenoic acid production in Mortierella alpina. Microb Cell Fact 2016; 15:117. [PMID: 27364006 PMCID: PMC4929779 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0516-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Delta-6 desaturase (FADS6) is a key bifunctional enzyme desaturating linoleic acid (LA) or α-linolenic acid (ALA) in the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). In previous work, we analyzed the substrate specificity of two FADS6 enzymes from Mortierella alpina ATCC 32222 (MaFADS6) and Micromonas pusilla CCMP1545 (MpFADS6), which showed preference for LA and ALA, respectively. We also clarified the PUFA profiles in M. alpina, where these lipids were synthesized mainly via the ω6 pathway and rarely via the ω3 pathway and as a result contained low ALA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) levels. Result To enhance EPA production in M. alpina by favoring the ω3 pathway, a plasmid harboring the MpFADS6 gene was constructed and overexpressed in a uracil-auxotrophic strain of M. alpina using the Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) method. Our results revealed that the EPA production reached 80.0 ± 15.0 and 90.4 ± 9.7 mg/L in MpFADS6 transformants grown at 28 and at 12 °C, respectively. To raise the level of ALA, free form fatty acid was used as exogenous substrate, which increased the EPA production up to 114.5 ± 12.4 mg/L. To reduce the cost of EPA production in M. alpina, peony seed oil (PSO) and peony seed meal (PSM) were used as source of ALA, and EPA production was improved to 149.3 ± 7.8 and 515.29 ± 32.66 mg/L by supplementing with 0.1 % PSO and 50 g/L PSM, respectively. The EPA yield was further increased to 588.5 ± 29.6 mg/L in a 5-L bioreactor, which resulted in a 26.2-fold increase compared to EPA production in wild-type M. alpina. In this work, we have significantly enhanced EPA production through overexpression of a FADS6 desaturase with preference for ALA, combined with supplementation of its substrate. Conclusion An ALA-preferring FADS6 from M. pusilla CCMP1545 was applied to enhance EPA production in M. alpina. By exogenous addition of peony seed oil or peony seed meal, EPA production was further increased in flasks and fermenters. This research also highlights the value of peony seed meal which can be converted to a high value-added product containing EPA, and as a way to increase the EPA/AA ratio in M. alpina. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-016-0516-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Liu N, Chen GQ, Ning GA, Shi HB, Zhang CL, Lu JP, Mao LJ, Feng XX, Liu XH, Su ZZ, Lin FC. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation: An efficient tool for insertional mutagenesis and targeted gene disruption in Harpophora oryzae. Microbiol Res 2015; 182:40-8. [PMID: 26686612 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The endophytic filamentous fungus Harpophora oryzae is a beneficial endosymbiont isolated from the wild rice. H. oryzae could not only effectively improve growth rate and biomass yield of rice crops, but also induce systemic resistance against the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae. In this study, Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) was employed and optimized to modify the H. oryzae genes by either random DNA fragment integration or targeted gene replacement. Our results showed that co-cultivation of H. oryzae conidia with A. tumefaciens in the presence of acetosyringone for 48 h at 22 °C could lead to a relatively highest frequency of transformation, and 200 μM acetosyringone (AS) pre-cultivation of A. tumefaciens is also suggested. ATMT-mediated knockout mutagenesis was accomplished with the gene-deletion cassettes using a yeast homologous recombination method with a yeast-Escherichia-Agrobacterium shuttle vector pKOHo. Using the ATMT-mediated knockout mutagenesis, we successfully deleted three genes of H. oryzae (HoATG5, HoATG7, and HoATG8), and then got the null mutants ΔHoatg5, ΔHoatg7, and ΔHoatg8. These results suggest that ATMT is an efficient tool for gene modification including randomly insertional mutagenesis and gene deletion mutagenesis in H. oryzae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Qing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Ao Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huan-Bin Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chu-Long Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ping Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li-Juan Mao
- Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Zhu Su
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Fu-Cheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China.
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Zhang J, Bayram Akcapinar G, Atanasova L, Rahimi MJ, Przylucka A, Yang D, Kubicek CP, Zhang R, Shen Q, Druzhinina IS. The neutral metallopeptidase NMP1 ofTrichoderma guizhouenseis required for mycotrophy and self-defence. Environ Microbiol 2015; 18:580-97. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization and National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
| | - Gunseli Bayram Akcapinar
- Microbiology Group; Research Area Biotechnology and Microbiology; Institute of Chemical Engineering; Vienna University of Technology; Vienna Austria
| | - Lea Atanasova
- Microbiology Group; Research Area Biotechnology and Microbiology; Institute of Chemical Engineering; Vienna University of Technology; Vienna Austria
| | - Mohammad Javad Rahimi
- Microbiology Group; Research Area Biotechnology and Microbiology; Institute of Chemical Engineering; Vienna University of Technology; Vienna Austria
| | | | - Dongqing Yang
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization and National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
| | - Christian P. Kubicek
- Microbiology Group; Research Area Biotechnology and Microbiology; Institute of Chemical Engineering; Vienna University of Technology; Vienna Austria
| | - Ruifu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization and National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
| | - Qirong Shen
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization and National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
| | - Irina S. Druzhinina
- Microbiology Group; Research Area Biotechnology and Microbiology; Institute of Chemical Engineering; Vienna University of Technology; Vienna Austria
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Mora-Lugo R, Madrigal M, Yelemane V, Fernandez-Lahore M. Improved biomass and protein production in solid-state cultures of an Aspergillus sojae strain harboring the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015. [PMID: 26224427 PMCID: PMC4628083 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6851-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The biotechnological value of Aspergillus sojae ATCC 20235 (A. sojae) for production of pectinases in solid-state fermentation (SSF) has been demonstrated recently. However, a common drawback of fungal solid-state cultures is the poor diffusion of oxygen into the fungi that limits its growth and biological productivity. The bacterial Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) has favored the metabolism and productivities of various bacterial and yeast strains besides alleviating hypoxic conditions of its native host, but the use of VHb in filamentous fungi still remains poor explored. Based on the known effects of VHb, this study assessed its applicability to improve A. sojae performance in SSF. The VHb gene (vgb) under control of the constitutive Aspergillus nidulants gpdA promoter was introduced into the genome of A. sojae by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Successful fungal transformants were identified by fluorescence microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses. In solid-state cultures, the content of protease, exo-polygalacturonase (exo-PG), and exo-polymethylgalacturonase (exo-PMG) of the transformed fungus (A. sojae vgb+) improved were 26, 60, and 44 % higher, respectively, in comparison to its parental strain (A. sojae wt). Similarly, biomass content was also 1.3 times higher in the transformant strain. No significant difference was observed in endo-polygalacturonase (endo-PG) content between both fungal strains, suggesting dissimilar effects of VHb towards different enzymatic productions. Overall, our results show that biomass, protease, and exo-pectinase content of A. sojae in SSF can be improved by transformation with VHb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Mora-Lugo
- Downstream Bioprocessing Lab, Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Marvin Madrigal
- Downstream Bioprocessing Lab, Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Bremen, Germany. .,Instituto Clodomiro Picado and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.
| | - Vikas Yelemane
- Downstream Bioprocessing Lab, Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Bremen, Germany.
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Xu J, Li J, Lin L, Liu Q, Sun W, Huang B, Tian C. Development of genetic tools for Myceliophthora thermophila. BMC Biotechnol 2015; 15:35. [PMID: 26013561 PMCID: PMC4446196 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-015-0165-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The thermophilic filamentous fungus Myceliophthora thermophila has many suitable characteristics for industrial biotechnology and could be a promising new chassis system for synthetic biology, particularly the ATCC 42464 strain, whose genome was sequenced in 2011. However, metabolic engineering of this strain using genetic approaches has not been reported owing to a lack of genetic tools for this organism. Results In the present study, we developed a high efficiency Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation system for M. thermophila, including an approach for targeted gene deletion using green fluorescence protein (GFP) as a marker for selection. Up to 145 transformants per 105 conidia were obtained in one transformation plate. Moreover, a ku70 deletion mutant was constructed in the ATCC 42464 background using the tools developed in present study and subsequently characterized. The ku70 deletion construct was designed using resistance to phosphinothricin as the selection marker. Additionally, a GFP-encoding cassette was incorporated that allowed for the selection of site-specific (no fluorescence) or ectopic (fluorescence) integration of the ku70 construct. Transformants with ectopically integrated ku70 deletion constructs were therefore identified using the fluorescent signal of GFP. PCR and Southern blotting analyses of non-fluorescent putative ku70 deletion transformants revealed all 11 tested transformants to be correct deletions. The deletion frequency in a pool of 116 transformants analyzed was 58 %. Moreover, the homologous rate improved about 3 folds under ku70 mutant using the pyrG as a test gene to disrupt in M. thermophila. Conclusions We successfully developed an efficient transformation and target gene disruption approach for M. thermophila ATCC 42464 mediated by A. tumefaciens. The tools and the ku70 deletion strain developed here should advance the development of M. thermophila as an industrial host through metabolic engineering and accelerate the elucidation of the mechanism of rapid cellulose degradation in this thermophilic fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China. .,Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Jingen Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Liangcai Lin
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Qian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Wenliang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Bangquan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Chaoguang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
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Yu M, Yu J, Hu J, Huang L, Wang Y, Yin X, Nie Y, Meng X, Wang W, Liu Y. Identification of pathogenicity-related genes in the rice pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens through random insertional mutagenesis. Fungal Genet Biol 2015; 76:10-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Transformation of the endophytic fungus Acremonium implicatum with GFP and evaluation of its biocontrol effect against Meloidogyne incognita. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 31:549-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-014-1781-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Mora-Lugo R, Zimmermann J, Rizk AM, Fernandez-Lahore M. Development of a transformation system for Aspergillus sojae based on the Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated approach. BMC Microbiol 2014; 14:247. [PMID: 25253558 PMCID: PMC4186950 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-014-0247-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aspergillus sojae has been an important filamentous fungus in Biotechnology due to its use in diverse fermentative processes for the production of various food products. Furthermore, this fungus is a common expression system for the production of enzymes and other metabolites. The availability of molecular genetic tools to explore its biology is thus of big interest. In this study, an Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) system for A. sojae was developed and its applicability evaluated. Results The donor plasmid named pRM-eGFP was constructed for ATMT of A. sojae. This plasmid contains the ble and egfp genes in its transfer DNA element (T-DNA) to confer phleomycin resistance and express the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in A. sojae, respectively. Agrobacterium tumefaciens (LBA4404) harboring the donor plasmid and A. sojae (ATCC 20235) were co-cultured under diverse conditions to achieve ATMT. The maximum number of transformed fungi was obtained after three days of co-culturing at 28°C, and selection with 50 μg/ml phleomycin. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), fluorescence microscopy and Western Blot analysis for EGFP expression confirmed successful genomic integration of the T-DNA element in A. sojae. The T-DNA was mitotically stable in approximately 40% of the fungal transformants after four generations of sub-culturing under phleomycin pressure. Conclusion We successfully established a new ATMT protocol for A. sojae. This transformation system should enable further protein expression studies on this filamentous fungus.
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