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Vieira CP, Martins Lara NDLE, Procópio MS, Avelar GF. Optimization of spermatozoa analysis in mice: A comprehensive protocol. Tissue Cell 2024; 89:102463. [PMID: 38981185 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Sperm quality is critical to predict reproductive alterations caused by immunological factors or toxicant agents. Yet, no detailed protocol has been published focusing on analyses of sperm parameters in mice. Our aim was to evaluate the most efficient diluent for mice sperm analyses and to optimize the sperm morphology classification, through the comparison of different staining methods. The diluents assessed were PBS (baseline), HTF, DMEM, 1 % BSA in PBS and 9 % skimmed powdered milk diluted in PBS. Spermatozoa were evaluated for vitality, motility, and morphology, smears were stained with Papanicolaou, HE, Giemsa, and Rapid staining. Sperm vitality and total motility reached better scores in milk based and DMEM diluents. HE raised up as an effective option since its combination with any of the diluents we tested, resulted in a fair staining, which was appropriated to evaluate mice spermatozoa. Finally, based on WHO manual, we have updated the current morphological classification for mice sperm, since we have detailed the head defects as well as included midpiece and tail defects on it. Taken together, we presented a useful, low cost, and reliable method to assess sperm morphology that could be employed worldwide by laboratories dedicated to study reproductive biology on mice model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Pinhol Vieira
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Marcela Santos Procópio
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Gleide Fernandes Avelar
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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2
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Vahedi Raad M, Firouzabadi AM, Tofighi Niaki M, Henkel R, Fesahat F. The impact of mitochondrial impairments on sperm function and male fertility: a systematic review. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2024; 22:83. [PMID: 39020374 PMCID: PMC11253428 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-024-01252-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides adenine triphosphate (ATP) production for sustaining motility, the mitochondria of sperm also host other critical cellular functions during germ cell development and fertilization including calcium homeostasis, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and in some cases steroid hormone biosynthesis. Normal mitochondrial membrane potential with optimal mitochondrial performance is essential for sperm motility, capacitation, acrosome reaction, and DNA integrity. RESULTS Defects in the sperm mitochondrial function can severely harm the fertility potential of males. The role of sperm mitochondria in fertilization and its final fate after fertilization is still controversial. Here, we review the current knowledge on human sperm mitochondria characteristics and their physiological and pathological conditions, paying special attention to improvements in assistant reproductive technology and available treatments to ameliorate male infertility. CONCLUSION Although mitochondrial variants associated with male infertility have potential clinical use, research is limited. Further understanding is needed to determine how these characteristics lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes and affect male fertility potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoo Vahedi Raad
- Department of Biology & Anatomical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Masoud Firouzabadi
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Maryam Tofighi Niaki
- Health Reproductive Research Center, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Ralf Henkel
- LogixX Pharma, Theale, Berkshire, UK.
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.
| | - Farzaneh Fesahat
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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3
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Jalili C, Ranjbar Shamsi R, Amiri B, Kakebaraie S, Jalili F, Nasta TZ. Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of aflatoxin on the reproductive system: Focus on cell cycle dynamics and apoptosis in testicular tissue. Toxicology 2024; 504:153773. [PMID: 38484789 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AFs) are inevitable environmental contaminants that are detrimental to human and animal health. AFs interfere with metabolic processes, metabolizing into different hydroxylated derivatives in the liver, as well as mechanistically induce ROS accumulation, S-phase arrest, DNA damage, and cell apoptosis. Chronic consumption of aflatoxin-contaminated foods can adversely affect the male reproductive system, cause testicular damage, prevent testosterone synthesis, decline sperm quality, and cause infertility. Oxidative stress is the fundamental pathogenesis of aflatoxin-induced reproductive toxicity. The overproduction of reactive oxygen substances can cause testicular failure and disturb the process of spermatogenesis. Mitochondria are susceptible to being impaired by oxidative stress, and its damage is associated with infertility. AFs also disturb the process of spermatogenesis by disrupting the regulation of genes related to the progression of the cell cycle such as cyclins and inducing genes related to apoptosis, thereby weakening fertility and negatively affecting the testicular endocrine potential by suppressing androgen synthesis. Additionally, AFs downregulate ERα expression, potentially negatively impacting spermatogenesis by enhancing the apoptotic mechanism. In this review, we provide new insights into the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of AFB1 on the male reproductive system with a focus on the cell cycle and apoptosis destruction of testicular tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus Jalili
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Rahele Ranjbar Shamsi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Bita Amiri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Seyran Kakebaraie
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Faramarz Jalili
- School of Health Administration, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Touraj Zamir Nasta
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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4
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Wei L, Feng Z, Dou Q, Tan L, Zhao X, Hao B. Dysregulation of MTFR2, ATP5IF1 and BAK1 in Sertoli cells relates to idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia via inhibiting mitochondrial fission and inducing mitochondrial dysfunction†. Biol Reprod 2024; 110:408-418. [PMID: 37903059 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-obstructive azoospermia affects more than 10% of infertile men with over 70% patients are idiopathic with uncharacterized molecular mechanisms, which is referred as idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia. In this study, we checked the morphology of Sertoli cell mitochondria in testis biopsies from patients with idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia and patients with obstructive azoospermia who have normal spermiogenesis. The expression of 104 genes controlling mitochondria fission and fusion were analyzed in three gene expression datasets including a total of 60 patients with non-obstructive azoospermia. The levels of 7 candidate genes were detected in testis biopsies from 38 patients with idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia and 24 patients with obstructive azoospermia who have normal spermatogenesis by RT-qPCR. Cell viability, apoptosis, mitochondria membrane potential, adenosine triphosphate production, oxygen consumption, and mitochondria morphology were examined in primary human Sertoli cells. Mouse spermatogonial stem cells were used to detect the cell supporting capacity of Sertoli cells. We observed that patients with idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia had elongated mitochondria. MTFR2 and ATP5IF1 were downregulated, whereas BAK1 was upregulated in idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia testis and Sertoli cells. Sertoli cells from patients with idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia had reduced viability, mitochondria membrane potential, adenosine triphosphate production, oxygen consumption rate, glycolysis and increased apoptosis. Knockdown MTFR2 in Sertoli cells increased the mitochondria size. Knockdown ATP5IF1 did not change mitochondrial morphology but increased adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis. Overexpression of BAK1 reduced membrane potential and upregulated cell apoptosis. The dysregulation of all these three genes contributed to the dysfunction of Sertoli cells, which provides a clue for idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wei
- Reproductive Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zonggang Feng
- Reproductive Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qian Dou
- Reproductive Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Li Tan
- Reproductive Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinghua Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bin Hao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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5
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Llavanera M, Mateo-Otero Y, Viñolas-Vergés E, Bonet S, Yeste M. Sperm function, mitochondrial activity and in vivo fertility are associated to their mitochondrial DNA content in pigs. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:10. [PMID: 38297401 PMCID: PMC10832242 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00988-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite their low abundance in sperm, mitochondria have diverse functions in this cell type, including energy production, signalling and calcium regulation. In humans, sperm mitochondrial DNA content (mtDNAc) has been reported to be negatively linked to sperm function and fertility. Yet, the association between mtDNAc and sperm function in livestock remains unexplored. For this reason, this study aimed to shed some light on the link between mtDNAc and sperm function and fertilising potential in pigs. A qPCR method for mtDNAc quantification was optimised for pig sperm, and the association of this parameter with sperm motility, kinematics, mitochondrial activity, and fertility was subsequently interrogated. RESULTS First, the qPCR method was found to be sensitive and efficient for mtDNAc quantification in pig sperm. By using this technique, mtDNAc was observed to be associated to sperm motility, mitochondrial activity and in vivo, but not in vitro, fertility outcomes. Specifically, sperm with low mtDNAc were seen to exhibit greater motility but decreased mitochondrial activity and intracellular reactive oxygen species. Interestingly, samples with lower mtDNAc showed higher conception and farrowing rates, but similar in vitro fertilisation rates and embryo development, when compared to those with greater mtDNAc. CONCLUSIONS These findings enrich our comprehension of the association of mtDNAc with sperm biology, and lay the foundation for future research into employing this parameter as a molecular predictor for sperm function and fertility in livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Llavanera
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, ES-17003, Spain.
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, ES-17003, Spain.
| | - Yentel Mateo-Otero
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, ES-17003, Spain
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, ES-17003, Spain
| | - Estel Viñolas-Vergés
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, ES-17003, Spain
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, ES-17003, Spain
| | - Sergi Bonet
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, ES-17003, Spain
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, ES-17003, Spain
| | - Marc Yeste
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, ES-17003, Spain
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, ES-17003, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, ES-08010, Spain
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Güngör İH, Türk G, Dayan Cinkara S, Acisu TC, Tektemur A, Yeni D, Avdatek F, Arkali G, Koca RH, Özer Kaya Ş, Sagiroglu M, Etem Önalan E, Sönmez M, Gür S, Yüce A. Reduction of cryopreservation-induced structural, functional and molecular damages in ram sperm by hydrated C 60 fullerene. Reprod Domest Anim 2024; 59:e14513. [PMID: 38038214 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the morphological, functional and molecular changes in frozen-thawed ram sperm using an extender containing different concentrations of hydrated carbon 60 fullerene (C60 HyFn), a nanotechnological product. Semen taken from each of the seven Akkaraman rams were pooled. Semen collection was done twice a week and it continued for 3 weeks. Each pooled semen sample was divided into six equal groups and diluted with tris + egg yolk extender including 0 (control), 200, 400, 800 nM, 1 and 5 μM concentrations of C60 HyFn at 37°C. They were then frozen in liquid nitrogen vapour at -140°C, stored in liquid nitrogen container (-196°C) and thawed at 37°C for 25 s before analysis. In comparison with control, C60 HyFn addition prior to freezing procedure provided significant increases in total and progressive motility rates, glutathione peroxidase, catalase activities and percentage of highly active mitochondria, and significant decreases in dead and abnormal sperm rates, lipid peroxidation, caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation levels in frozen-thawed ram semen. When compared to control, C60 HyFn supplementation significantly down-regulated the expression levels of miR-200a and KCNJ11, and significantly up-regulated the expression levels of miR-3958-3p (at the concentrations of 200, 400, 800 nM and 1 μM), CatSper1 (at the concentrations of 200, 400 nM and 5 μM), CatSper2 (at the concentrations of 1 and 5 μM), CatSper3 (at the concentrations of 200, 400 nM, 1 and 5 μM), CatSper4 (at all concentrations), ANO1 (at the concentrations of 800 nM, 1 and 5 μM) and TRPV5 (at the concentrations of 200, 400 and 800 nM). The addition of C60 HyFn had no effect on global DNA methylation rates. As a result, C60 HyFn supplementation to ram semen extenders may be beneficial in reducing some of the functional, structural and molecular damages in sperm induced by the freeze-thawing procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- İbrahim Halil Güngör
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Türkiye
| | - Gaffari Türk
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Türkiye
| | - Serap Dayan Cinkara
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Türkiye
| | - Tutku Can Acisu
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Tektemur
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Türkiye
| | - Deniz Yeni
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
| | - Fatih Avdatek
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
| | - Gözde Arkali
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Türkiye
| | - Recep Hakkı Koca
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Türkiye
| | - Şeyma Özer Kaya
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Türkiye
| | - Meltem Sagiroglu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Türkiye
| | - Ebru Etem Önalan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Türkiye
| | - Mustafa Sönmez
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Türkiye
| | - Seyfettin Gür
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Türkiye
| | - Abdurrauf Yüce
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Türkiye
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7
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Shibata T, Bhat SA, Cao D, Saito S, Bernstein EA, Nishi E, Medenilla JD, Wang ET, Chan JL, Pisarska MD, Tourtellotte WG, Giani JF, Bernstein KE, Khan Z. Testicular ACE regulates sperm metabolism and fertilization through the transcription factor PPARγ. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105486. [PMID: 37992807 PMCID: PMC10788540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Testis angiotensin-converting enzyme (tACE) plays a critical role in male fertility, but the mechanism is unknown. By using ACE C-domain KO (CKO) mice which lack tACE activity, we found that ATP in CKO sperm was 9.4-fold lower than WT sperm. Similarly, an ACE inhibitor (ACEi) reduced ATP production in mouse sperm by 72%. Metabolic profiling showed that tACE inactivation severely affects oxidative metabolism with decreases in several Krebs cycle intermediates including citric acid, cis-aconitic acid, NAD, α-ketoglutaric acid, succinate, and L-malic acid. We found that sperms lacking tACE activity displayed lower levels of oxidative enzymes (CISY, ODO1, MDHM, QCR2, SDHA, FUMH, CPT2, and ATPA) leading to a decreased mitochondrial respiration rate. The reduced energy production in CKO sperms leads to defects in their physiological functions including motility, acrosine activity, and fertilization in vitro and in vivo. Male mice treated with ACEi show severe impairment in reproductive capacity when mated with female mice. In contrast, an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) had no effect. CKO sperms express significantly less peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) transcription factor, and its blockade eliminates the functional differences between CKO and WT sperms, indicating PPARγ might mediate the effects of tACE on sperm metabolism. Finally, in a cohort of human volunteers, in vitro treatment with the ramipril or a PPARγ inhibitor reduced ATP production in human sperm and hence its motility and acrosine activity. These findings may have clinical significance since millions of people take ACEi daily, including men who are reproductively active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Shibata
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Shabir A Bhat
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - DuoYao Cao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Suguru Saito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ellen A Bernstein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Erika Nishi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Juliet D Medenilla
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Erica T Wang
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jessica L Chan
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Margareta D Pisarska
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA; Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Warren G Tourtellotte
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jorge F Giani
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kenneth E Bernstein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zakir Khan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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8
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Samare-Najaf M, Neisy A, Samareh A, Moghadam D, Jamali N, Zarei R, Zal F. The constructive and destructive impact of autophagy on both genders' reproducibility, a comprehensive review. Autophagy 2023; 19:3033-3061. [PMID: 37505071 PMCID: PMC10621263 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2238577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Reproduction is characterized by a series of massive renovations at molecular, cellular, and tissue levels. Recent studies have strongly tended to reveal the involvement of basic molecular pathways such as autophagy, a highly conserved eukaryotic cellular recycling, during reproductive processes. This review comprehensively describes the current knowledge, updated to September 2022, of autophagy contribution during reproductive processes in males including spermatogenesis, sperm motility and viability, and male sex hormones and females including germ cells and oocytes viability, ovulation, implantation, fertilization, and female sex hormones. Furthermore, the consequences of disruption in autophagic flux on the reproductive disorders including oligospermia, azoospermia, asthenozoospermia, teratozoospermia, globozoospermia, premature ovarian insufficiency, polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis, and other disorders related to infertility are discussed as well.Abbreviations: AKT/protein kinase B: AKT serine/threonine kinase; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATG: autophagy related; E2: estrogen; EDs: endocrine disruptors; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; FSH: follicle stimulating hormone; FOX: forkhead box; GCs: granulosa cells; HIF: hypoxia inducible factor; IVF: in vitro fertilization; IVM: in vitro maturation; LCs: Leydig cells; LDs: lipid droplets; LH: luteinizing hormone; LRWD1: leucine rich repeats and WD repeat domain containing 1; MAP1LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NFKB/NF-kB: nuclear factor kappa B; P4: progesterone; PCOS: polycystic ovarian syndrome; PDLIM1: PDZ and LIM domain 1; PI3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; PtdIns3K: class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; POI: premature ovarian insufficiency; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SCs: Sertoli cells; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TSGA10: testis specific 10; TST: testosterone; VCP: vasolin containing protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Samare-Najaf
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Kerman Regional Blood Transfusion Center, Kerman, Iran
| | - Asma Neisy
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Samareh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Delaram Moghadam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Navid Jamali
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Reza Zarei
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Infertility Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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9
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Radaelli E, Assenmacher CA, Verrelle J, Banerjee E, Manero F, Khiati S, Girona A, Lopez-Lluch G, Navas P, Spinazzi M. Mitochondrial defects caused by PARL deficiency lead to arrested spermatogenesis and ferroptosis. eLife 2023; 12:e84710. [PMID: 37505079 PMCID: PMC10519710 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired spermatogenesis and male infertility are common manifestations associated with mitochondrial diseases, yet the underlying mechanisms linking these conditions remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that mice deficient for the mitochondrial intra-membrane rhomboid protease PARL, a recently reported model of the mitochondrial encephalopathy Leigh syndrome, develop early testicular atrophy caused by a complete arrest of spermatogenesis during meiotic prophase I, followed by degeneration and death of arrested spermatocytes. This process is independent of neurodegeneration. Interestingly, genetic modifications of PINK1, PGAM5, and TTC19 - three major substrates of PARL with important roles in mitochondrial homeostasis - fail to reproduce or modify this severe phenotype, indicating that the spermatogenic arrest arises from distinct molecular pathways. We further observed severe abnormalities in mitochondrial ultrastructure in PARL-deficient spermatocytes, along with prominent electron transfer chain defects, disrupted coenzyme Q (CoQ) biosynthesis, and metabolic rewiring. These mitochondrial defects are associated with a germ cell-specific decrease in GPX4 expression leading arrested spermatocytes to ferroptosis - a regulated cell death modality characterized by uncontrolled lipid peroxidation. Our results suggest that mitochondrial defects induced by PARL depletion act as an initiating trigger for ferroptosis in primary spermatocytes through simultaneous effects on GPX4 and CoQ - two major inhibitors of ferroptosis. These findings shed new light on the potential role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of mitochondrial diseases and male infertility warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Radaelli
- Department of Pathobiology, Comparative Pathology Core, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Charles-Antoine Assenmacher
- Department of Pathobiology, Comparative Pathology Core, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Jillian Verrelle
- Department of Pathobiology, Comparative Pathology Core, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Esha Banerjee
- Department of Pathobiology, Comparative Pathology Core, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | | | - Salim Khiati
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of AngersAngersFrance
| | - Anais Girona
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of AngersAngersFrance
| | - Guillermo Lopez-Lluch
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Junta de AndalucíaSevillaSpain
- CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Placido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Junta de AndalucíaSevillaSpain
- CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Marco Spinazzi
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of AngersAngersFrance
- Neuromuscular Reference Center, Department of Neurology, CHU AngersAngersFrance
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10
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Wang J, Gao X, Du C, Tang D, Hou C, Zhu J. The Effect of Prohibitins on Mitochondrial Function during Octopus tankahkeei Spermiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10030. [PMID: 37373178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for spermiogenesis. Prohibitins (PHBs; prohibitin 1, PHB1 or PHB, and prohibitin 2, PHB2) are evolutionarily conserved and ubiquitously expressed mitochondrial proteins that act as scaffolds in the inner mitochondrial membrane. In this study, we analyzed the molecular structure and dynamic expression characteristics of Ot-PHBs, observed the colocalization of Ot-PHB1 with mitochondria and polyubiquitin, and studied the effect of phb1 knockdown on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and apoptosis-related gene expression in spermatids. Our aim was to explore the effect of Ot-PHBs on mitochondrial function during the spermiogenesis of Octopus tankahkeei (O. tankahkeei), an economically important species in China. The predicted Ot-PHB1/PHB2 proteins contained an N-terminal transmembrane, a stomatin/prohibitin/flotillin/HflK/C (SPFH) domain (also known as the prohibitin domain), and a C-terminal coiled-coil domain. Ot-phb1/phb2 mRNA were widely expressed in the different tissues, with elevated expression in the testis. Further, Ot-PHB1 and Ot-PHB2 were highly colocalized, suggesting that they may function primarily as an Ot-PHB compiex in O. tankahkeei. Ot-PHB1 proteins were mainly expressed and localized in mitochondria during spermiogenesis, implying that their function may be localized to the mitochondria. In addition, Ot-PHB1 was colocalized with polyubiquitin during spermiogenesis, suggesting that it may be a polyubiquitin substrate that regulates mitochondrial ubiquitination during spermiogenesis to ensure mitochondrial quality. To further investigate the effect of Ot-PHBs on mitochondrial function, we knocked down Ot-phb1 and observed a decrease in mtDNA content, along with increases in ROS levels and the expressions of mitochondria-induced apoptosis-related genes bax, bcl2, and caspase-3 mRNA. These findings indicate that PHBs might influence mitochondrial function by maintaining mtDNA content and stabilizing ROS levels; in addition, PHBs might affect spermatocyte survival by regulating mitochondria-induced apoptosis during spermiogenesis in O. tankahkeei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xinming Gao
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chen Du
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Daojun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Congcong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Junquan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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11
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Costa J, Braga PC, Rebelo I, Oliveira PF, Alves MG. Mitochondria Quality Control and Male Fertility. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:827. [PMID: 37372112 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are pivotal to cellular homeostasis, performing vital functions such as bioenergetics, biosynthesis, and cell signalling. Proper maintenance of these processes is crucial to prevent disease development and ensure optimal cell function. Mitochondrial dynamics, including fission, fusion, biogenesis, mitophagy, and apoptosis, maintain mitochondrial quality control, which is essential for overall cell health. In male reproduction, mitochondria play a pivotal role in germ cell development and any defects in mitochondrial quality can have serious consequences on male fertility. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) also play a crucial role in sperm capacitation, but excessive ROS levels can trigger oxidative damage. Any imbalance between ROS and sperm quality control, caused by non-communicable diseases or environmental factors, can lead to an increase in oxidative stress, cell damage, and apoptosis, which in turn affect sperm concentration, quality, and motility. Therefore, assessing mitochondrial functionality and quality control is essential to gain valuable insights into male infertility. In sum, proper mitochondrial functionality is essential for overall health, and particularly important for male fertility. The assessment of mitochondrial functionality and quality control can provide crucial information for the study and management of male infertility and may lead to the development of new strategies for its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Costa
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia C Braga
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Imuno-Physiology and Pharmacology, ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Irene Rebelo
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biologic Sciences, Pharmaceutical Faculty, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biologic Sciences, Pharmaceutical Faculty, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marco G Alves
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Imuno-Physiology and Pharmacology, ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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12
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Li Y, Wang H, Wang S, Zhang Q, Zhang H, Li T, Wang Q, Guo M, Feng H, Song Y, Wei G, Li J. Methylprednisolone improves the quality of liquid preserved boar spermatozoa in vitro and reduces polymorphonuclear neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1177873. [PMID: 37256001 PMCID: PMC10226469 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1177873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
After artificial insemination, immune cells such as polymorphonuclear neutrophils will be recruited into the genital tract and induce endometrial inflammation, adversely affecting the spermatozoa. This study aimed to analyze the effect of methylprednisolone (MPS) on boar spermatozoa quality of in vitro liquid preservation and chemotaxis and phagocytosis of polymorphonuclear neutrophils toward boar spermatozoa. Various concentrations of MPS were added to the extender and analyzed for their effects on spermatozoa motility, kinetic parameters, abnormality rate, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) levels, H2O2 content, mitochondrial membrane potential and acrosome integrity. Testing of MPS on chemotaxis and phagocytosis of polymorphonuclear neutrophils toward spermatozoa induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results showed that an extender containing 2 × 10-7 mol/mL MPS was the most effective for preserving boar spermatozoa during in vitro liquid preservation at 17°C. It effectively improved spermatozoa motility, kinetic parameters, T-AOC levels, mitochondrial membrane potential and acrosome integrity, reducing the abnormality rate and H2O2 content. Meanwhile, the chemotaxis and phagocytosis of polymorphonuclear neutrophils toward spermatozoa under LPS induction were inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner. In conclusion, MPS has positive implications for improving in vitro liquid preserved boar spermatozoa quality, inhibiting chemotaxis and phagocytosis of polymorphonuclear neutrophils toward spermatozoa.
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Huang W, Cao Z, Cui Y, Huo S, Shao B, Song M, Cheng P, Li Y. Lycopene ameliorates aflatoxin B 1-induced testicular lesion by attenuating oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage with Nrf2 activation in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114846. [PMID: 37018856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is an extremely hazardous and unavoidable pollutant for cereals and feedstuff. AFB1 can cause testicular lesion, and how to alleviate its testicular toxicity has received much attention in recent years. Lycopene (LYC), a foodborne nutrient derived from red fruits and vegetables, has protective effects against sperm abnormality and testicular lesions. To confirm the beneficial effects and mechanisms of LYC on AFB1-induced testicular lesion, 48 male mice were exposed to 0.75 mg/kg AFB1 or/and 5 mg/kg LYC for consecutive 30 days. Results demonstrated the LYC significantly restored the lesions of testicular microstructure and ultrastructure, and sperm abnormalities in AFB1-exposed mice. Furthermore, LYC effectively attenuated AFB1-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage, including ameliorative mitochondrial structural, and elevated mitochondrial biogenesis for maintaining mitochondrial function. Meanwhile, LYC resisted AFB1-induced mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis. In addition, LYC promoted nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation, and upregulated the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Collectively, our findings demonstrate LYC ameliorates AFB1-induced testicular lesion by attenuating oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage, which is related to the activation of Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyue Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yilong Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, 028000 Tongliao, China
| | - Siming Huo
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bing Shao
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Miao Song
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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14
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Chen K, Wu L, Liu Q, Tan F, Wang L, Zhao D, Fang X, Liu X, Liu J, Han H. Glutathione improves testicular spermatogenesis through inhibiting oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis induced by copper deposition in mice with Wilson disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114107. [PMID: 36502753 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE There are considerable evidence of reproductive impairment in male organisms with Wilson disease (WD). The purpose of this study was to observe spermatogenesis, mitochondrial damage, apoptosis, and the level of oxidative stress in the testes of Wilson disease model TX mice, and to observe the effect and mechanism of glutathione on testicular spermatogenesis. METHODS Mice were divided into a normal control group (control group), Wilson disease model TX mice group (WD group), penicillamine-treated TX mice group (penicillamine group) and glutathione-treated TX mice group (glutathione group). Testicular coefficient, histomorphology of testis and epididymis, number of spermatozoa, apoptosis of spermatogenic cells and expression of apoptosis-related proteins were observed. Ultrastructural analysis of mitochondria and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) monitored using JC-1 dye were used to detect mitochondrial damage. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in testicular cells were measured to assess oxidative stress. RESULTS Testicular coefficient did not change in mice with Wilson disease. However, the tissue structure of the testicular seminiferous tubules was damaged, and the number of spermatozoa in the epididymal lumen was significantly reduced in WD group. The apoptosis rate in the testes was significantly increased. The protein expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Caspase-3 significantly increased, and the expressions of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 significantly decreased. The levels of ROS and MDA significantly increased, and the levels of CAT and GSH significantly decreased. Mitochondria with abnormal ultrastructure and the rate of JC-1 positive cells were significantly increased in the WD group. After copper chelation by penicillamine, the structure of the testicular seminiferous tubules and the number of spermatozoa in the epididymal lumen were significantly improved. The number of apoptotic cells was significantly reduced. The levels of Bax and Caspase-3 decreased, and the expression of Bcl-2 increased. The contents of CAT and GSH increased, and the levels of ROS and MDA decreased significantly. The abnormal mitochondria and JC-1 positive cells was significantly decreased. The histomorphology of seminiferous tubules, spermatogenic function, apoptosis rate, apoptosis-related proteins, mitochondrial damage, and oxidative stress in Wilson disease TX mice significantly improved after glutathione treatment. CONCLUSION Copper deposition in Wilson disease can lead to oxidative stress injury, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis in the testis, leading to the impairment of spermatogenesis. Glutathione may improve testicular spermatogenesis in male Wilson disease TX mice by inhibiting copper deposition-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuiyu Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Limin Wu
- Reproductive and genetic branch, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China.
| | - Qianzhuo Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Fang Tan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xinru Fang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jiabo Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Hui Han
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China.
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15
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Mitochondrial Features and Expressions of MFN2 and DRP1 during Spermiogenesis in Phascolosoma esculenta. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415517. [PMID: 36555170 PMCID: PMC9778712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria can fuse or divide, a phenomenon known as mitochondrial dynamics, and their distribution within a cell changes according to the physiological status of the cell. However, the functions of mitochondrial dynamics during spermatogenesis in animals other than mammals and fruit flies are poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed mitochondrial distribution and morphology during spermiogenesis in Sipuncula (Phascolosoma esculenta) and investigated the expression dynamics of mitochondrial fusion-related protein MFN2 and fission-related protein DRP1 during spermiogenesis. The mitochondria, which were elliptic with abundant lamellar cristae, were mainly localized near the nucleus and distributed unilaterally in cells during most stages of spermiogenesis. Their major axis length, average diameter, cross-sectional area, and volume are significantly changed during spermiogenesis. mfn2 and drp1 mRNA and proteins were most highly expressed in coelomic fluid, a spermatid development site for male P. esculenta, and highly expressed in the breeding stage compared to in the non-breeding stage. MFN2 and DRP1 expression levels were higher in components with many spermatids than in spermatid-free components. Immunofluorescence revealed that MFN2 and DRP1 were consistently expressed and that MFN2 co-localizes with mitochondria during spermiogenesis. The results provide evidence for an important role of mitochondrial dynamics during spermiogenesis from morphology and molecular biology in P. esculenta, broadening insights into the role of mitochondrial dynamics in animal spermiogenesis.
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16
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Sun B, Hou J, Ye YX, Chen HG, Duan P, Chen YJ, Xiong CL, Wang YX, Pan A. Sperm mitochondrial DNA copy number in relation to semen quality: A cross-sectional study of 1164 potential sperm donors. BJOG 2022; 129:2098-2106. [PMID: 35274799 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) and semen quality. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING Hubei Province Human Sperm Bank of China (from April 2017 to July 2018). POPULATION A total of 1164 healthy male sperm donors with 5739 specimens. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure sperm mtDNAcn. We also determined semen volume, concentration and motility parameters (progressive motility, nonprogressive motility and immotility). METHODS Mixed-effect models and general linear models were uses. RESULTS After adjusting for relevant confounding factors, mixed-effect models revealed diminished sperm motility (progressive and total), concentration, and total count across the quartiles of mtDNAcn (all P < 0.05). Compared with men in the lowest quartile, men in the highest quartile of mtDNAcn had lower progressive sperm motility, total motility, concentration and total count of -8.9% (95% CI -12.7% to -5.0%), -8.0% (95% CI -11.6% to -4.4%), -42.8% (95% CI -47.7% to -37.4%), and - 44.3% (95% CI -50.1% to -37.7%), respectively. These inverse dose-response relationships were further confirmed in the cubic spline models, where mtDNAcn was modelled as a continuous variable. CONCLUSIONS We found that mtDNAcn was inversely associated with semen quality in a dose-dependent manner. Our results provide novel clues that sperm mtDNAcn may serve as a useful predictor of human semen characteristics. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Sperm mitochondrial DNA copy number was markedly associated with diminished sperm motility (progressive and total), concentration and total count.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yi-Xiang Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Heng-Gui Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Clinical Research and Translation Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Peng Duan
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Ying-Jun Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Cheng-Liang Xiong
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Province Human Sperm Bank, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi-Xin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Motility Assessment of Ram Spermatozoa. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121715. [PMID: 36552225 PMCID: PMC9774426 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
For successful fertilisation to occur, spermatozoa need to successfully migrate through the female reproductive tract and penetrate the oocyte. Predictably, poor sperm motility has been associated with low rates of fertilisation in many mammalian species, including the ram. As such, motility is one of the most important parameters used for in vitro evaluation of ram sperm quality and function. This review aims to outline the mechanical and energetic processes which underpin sperm motility, describe changes in motility which occur as a result of differences in sperm structure and the surrounding microenvironment, and assess the effectiveness of the various methods used to assess sperm motility in rams. Methods of subjective motility estimation are convenient, inexpensive methods widely used in the livestock industries, however, the subjective nature of these methods can make them unreliable. Computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) technology accurately and objectively measures sperm motility via two-dimensional tracing of sperm head motion, making it a popular method for sperm quality assurance in domesticated animal production laboratories. Newly developed methods of motility assessment including flagellar tracing, three-dimensional sperm tracing, in vivo motility assessment, and molecular assays which quantify motility-associated biomarkers, enable analysis of a new range of sperm motion parameters with the potential to reveal new mechanistic insights and improve ram semen assessment. Experimental application of these technologies is required to fully understand their potential to improve semen quality assessment and prediction of reproductive success in ovine artificial breeding programs.
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Liu T, Hou B, Zhang Y, Wang Z. Determination of Biological and Molecular Attributes Related to Polystyrene Microplastic-Induced Reproductive Toxicity and Its Reversibility in Male Mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192114093. [PMID: 36360968 PMCID: PMC9656262 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics exist not only in the natural environment, but also in human tissue such as blood and even placenta. Polystyrene microplastic exposure can cause abnormal sperm quality in mice; however, the mechanism is unclear, and whether sperm abnormalities can be restored has not been reported. ICR mice were exposed to 5 μm polystyrene microplastics through the drinking water. After one spermatogenic cycle, mitochondrial damage was observed to explain the possible cause of sperm damage. After 1-2 spermatogenic cycles of recovery, whether the damaged sperm could be recovered was observed. The results show that polystyrene microplastics caused a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential, an imbalance of kinetic homeostasis, a change in genetic characteristics, mitophagy, and a decrease in the ATP content in mouse testicular tissue. Oxidative stress may be the cause of mitochondrial damage. After 1-2 spermatogenic cycles, mitochondrial damage was restored and sperm quality was improved. This study explored the mitochondrial causes of reproductive toxicity of polystyrene microplastics and the reversibility of reproductive toxicity, providing data for further research on the toxicity of microplastics and the prevention and treatment of its harm.
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19
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Vozdova M, Kubickova S, Rubes J. Spectrum of sperm mtDNA deletions in men exposed to industrial air pollution. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2022; 882:503538. [PMID: 36155140 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2022.503538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sperm mtDNA status can serve as a molecular marker of oxidative stress and environmental exposure. High levels of air pollution may be associated with increased mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletion rates in sperm. We compared the length spectra of sperm mtDNA deletions in semen samples collected from city policemen exposed to traffic and industrial air pollution in two seasons with different levels of air pollution. We used long-range PCR to amplify a fragment of mtDNA (8066 bp) frequently affected by deletions, visualized the PCR products by gel electrophoresis, and analysed aberrant bands corresponding to deleted mtDNA, using gel documentation software. The predominance of undeleted sperm mtDNA was accompanied by a variety of shorter PCR product lengths in the vast majority of sperm samples, in both seasons. Sperm mtDNA molecules and bands corresponding to long deletions were more frequently detected than shorter deletions, in both seasons. We did not detect any difference in the total number of electrophoretic bands corresponding to deleted sperm mtDNA and in the number of deleted sperm mtDNA molecules between the two seasons. In our study, air pollution during sperm maturation did not induce formation of large mtDNA deletions detectable by long PCR and gel electrophoresis (>1 kb) in maturing sperm mtDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miluse Vozdova
- Department of Genetics and Reproductive Biotechnologies, Central European Institute of Technology - Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Svatava Kubickova
- Department of Genetics and Reproductive Biotechnologies, Central European Institute of Technology - Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Rubes
- Department of Genetics and Reproductive Biotechnologies, Central European Institute of Technology - Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
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Natural Astaxanthin Improves Testosterone Synthesis and Sperm Mitochondrial Function in Aging Roosters. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091684. [PMID: 36139758 PMCID: PMC9495865 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis, sperm motility, and apoptosis are dependent on the regulation of glandular hormones and mitochondria. Natural astaxanthin (ASTA) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. The present study evaluates the effects of ASTA on testosterone synthesis and mitochondrial function in aging roosters. Jinghong No. 1 layer breeder roosters (n = 96, 53-week old) were fed a corn−soybean meal basal diet containing 0, 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg ASTA for 6 weeks. The levels of plasma reproductive hormones and the mRNA and protein levels of molecules related to testosterone synthesis were significantly improved (p < 0.05) in the testes of the ASTA group roosters. In addition, antioxidant activities and free radical scavenging abilities in roosters of the ASTA groups were higher than those of the control group (p < 0.05). Mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes activities and mitochondrial membrane potential in sperm increased linearly with dietary ASTA supplementation (p < 0.05). The levels of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis factors decreased in roosters of the ASTA groups (p < 0.05). Collectively, these results suggest that dietary ASTA may improve testosterone levels and reduce sperm apoptosis, which may be related to the upregulation of the testosterone synthesis pathway and the enhancement of mitochondrial function in aging roosters.
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Raad MV, Fesahat F, Talebi AR, Hosseini-Sharifabad M, Horoki AZ, Afsari M, Sarcheshmeh AA. Altered methyltransferase gene expression, mitochondrial copy number and 4977-bp common deletion in subfertile men with variable sperm parameters. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14531. [PMID: 35841193 DOI: 10.1111/and.14531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Semen parameters have been found to predict reproductive success poorly and are the most prevalent diagnostic tool for male infertility. There are few conflicting reports regarding the correlation of DNMT genes expression, mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) and deletion (mtDNAdel) with different sperm parameters. To investigate DNMT mRNA level, mtDNAcn and deletion in infertile men, with different sperm parameters, compared with fertile men, semen samples from 30 men with unknown male infertility and normal sperm parameters (experimental group I), 30 infertile patients with at least two abnormal sperm parameters (experimental group II) and 30 fertile normozoospermic men (control group) were collected. After semen analysis, total RNA and DNA were extracted. The isolated DNA was used for assessing the respective mtDNAcn and the presence of common 4977 bp deletion in mtDNA by applying real-time quantitative PCR and multiplex PCR, respectively. Synthesized cDNA from total RNAs was used to quantify DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B transcripts in study groups by using real-time quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. Significantly higher proportions of mtDNAcn were found in experimental group II. DNMT1 was significantly downregulated in both experimental groups and 4977 bp deletion was not detected. Progressive motility and normal morphology were significantly and negatively correlated with mtDNAcn. A significant positive correlation was detected between sperm parameters and DNMT1 mRNA levels. In conclusion, infertile men with different sperm parameter qualities showed elevated mtDNA content. Abnormal sperm parameters associated with DNMT1 gene expression indicate the possibility of changes in some epigenetic aspects of spermatogenesis in subfertile men with different sperm parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoo Vahedi Raad
- Department of Biology & Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Fesahat
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Talebi
- Department of Biology & Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Ali Zare Horoki
- Department of Urology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Maliheh Afsari
- Department of Biology & Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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22
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Guo C, Liu Y, Wang Y, Wang Q, Huo S, Zhang X, Cao Z, Song M, Li Y. PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy is activated to protect against AFB 1-induced immunosuppression in mice spleen. Toxicol Lett 2022; 366:33-44. [PMID: 35810998 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) can cause mitochondrial malfunction and immunosuppression in spleen. Mitochondrial damage can lead to oxidative stress and aggravate immune cell dysfunction. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-induced putative kinase1 (PINK1)/ E3 ubiquitin ligase PARK2 (Parkin)-mediated mitophagy can scavenge damaged mitochondria and alleviate oxidative stress to maintain cellular homeostasis. However, the role of PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in AFB1-induced immunosuppression in spleen is unclear. In this study, sixty male mice were sensibilized orally with AFB1 at different concentrations [0, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 mg/kg body weight (BW)] for 28 days, and AFB1 caused splenic structure injury and immunosuppression, also led to upregulation of PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in a dose-dependent manner. Subsequently, thirty male WT C57BL/6 N mice and thirty male Parkin knockout (Parkin-/-) C57BL/6 N mice were sensibilized orally with AFB1 at 0 or 1 mg/kg BW for 28 days, and Parkin-/- inhibited mitophagy and further aggravated AFB1-induced splenic structure injury, immunosuppression, mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress. Collectively, these results indicate that AFB1 exposure activates PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, which protects against immunosuppression in spleen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Guo
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural. University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanfen Liu
- Liaoning Agricultural Technical College, Yingkou 115009, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural. University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural. University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Siming Huo
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural. University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xuliang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural. University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural. University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Miao Song
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural. University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural. University, Harbin 150030, China.
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23
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Association between sperm mitochondrial DNA copy number and deletion rate and industrial air pollution dynamics. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8324. [PMID: 35585108 PMCID: PMC9117192 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12328-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of air pollution on men's reproductive health can be monitored by evaluating semen quality and sperm DNA damage. We used real-time PCR to analyse the effects of air pollution on sperm mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) and deletion (mtDNAdel) rates in semen samples collected from 54 men in two seasons with different levels of industrial and traffic air pollution. MtDNAdel rates were significantly higher following the high exposure period and were positively correlated with mtDNAcn. However, we did not find any difference in mtDNAcn between the two seasons. MtDNAcn was positively correlated with the DNA fragmentation index and the rates of sperm with chromatin condensation defects, previously assessed by sperm chromatin structure assay, and negatively correlated with sperm concentration, progressive motility, viability, and normal morphology. This indicates that mtDNAcn is more closely associated with male fertility than mtDNAdel rates. In contrast, mtDNAdel might be a more sensitive biomarker of air pollution exposure in urban industrial environments.
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24
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Ghadirkhomi E, Angaji SA, Khosravi M, Mashayekhi MR. Association of Novel Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Genes Involved in Cell Functions with Male Infertility: A Study of Male Cases in Northwest Iran. J Reprod Infertil 2022; 22:258-266. [PMID: 34987987 PMCID: PMC8669412 DOI: 10.18502/jri.v22i4.7651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Infertility is a global health problem caused by various environmental and genetic factors. Male infertility accounts for 40-50% of all cases of infertility and approximately half of them are grouped as idiopathic with no definitive causes. Previous studies have suggested an association between some SNPs and infertility in men. In this study, an attempt was made to investigate the association of 7 different SNPs of 4 genes involved in common cell functions with male infertility. Methods MTHFR rs1801131 (T>G), MTHFR rs2274976 (G>A), FASLG rs80358238 (A>G), FASLG rs12079514 (A>C), GSTM1 rs1192077068 (G>A), BRCA2 rs4987117 (C>T), and BRCA2 rs11571833 (A>T) were genotyped in 120 infertile men with idiopathic azoospermia or severe oligospermia and 120 proven fertile controls using ARMS-PCR methods. Next, 30% of SNPs were regenotyped to confirm the results. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using SPSS statistical software to evaluate the strength of association. The p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results Statistical analysis revealed significant association between MTHFR rs-2274976 AA variant (OR: 10.00, CI: 3.203-31.225), FASLG rs12079514 AC variant (OR: 0.412, CI: 0.212-0.800), and BRCA2 rs11571833 TT variant OR: 6.233, CI: 3.211-12.101) with male infertility, but there was no significant difference between case and control groups in MTHFR rs1801131 (p= 0.111), GSTM1 rs1192077068 (p=0.272), BRCA2 rs4987117 (p=0.221), and FASLG rs80358238 (p=0.161). Conclusion Our findings suggested that some novel polymorphisms including MTHFR rs2274976, FASLG rs12079514, and BRCA2 rs11571833 might be the possible predisposing risk factors for male infertility in cases with idiopathic azoospermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ghadirkhomi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abdolhamid Angaji
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Khosravi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Bio Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Mashayekhi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
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25
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Parkin-mediated mitochondrial quality control protects against aluminum-induced liver damage in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 156:112485. [PMID: 34375723 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is known to be hepatotoxic. Oxidative stress is the main mechanism of liver injury caused by Al, and can also lead to mitochondrial damage. Mitochondrial damage is a prerequisite for mitochondrial quality control (MQC) dysregulation. Parkin can activate MQC and maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. However, the role of Parkin-mediated MQC in Al-induced liver damage has not been elucidated. In this study, forty male wild type (WT) C57BL/6N mice were treated with 0, 44.825, 89.65 or 179.3 mg/kg body weight AlCl3 in drinking water for 90 days, respectively. We found that Al induced mitophagy and disrupted mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial biogenesis. Then, twenty male WT C57BL/6N mice and twenty male Parkin knockout (Parkin-/-) C57BL/6N mice were divided into four groups and treated with 0, 89.65, 0, 89.65 mg/kg body weight AlCl3 in drinking water for 90 days, respectively. We found that Parkin-/- inhibited mitophagy and further disrupted mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial biogenesis. These results indicated that Parkin-mediated MQC could be disrupted by Al and protected against Al-induced liver damage.
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26
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Asadi A, Ghahremani R, Abdolmaleki A, Rajaei F. Role of sperm apoptosis and oxidative stress in male infertility: A narrative review. Int J Reprod Biomed 2021; 19:493-504. [PMID: 34401644 PMCID: PMC8350854 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v19i6.9371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of caspase, externalization of phosphatidyl serine, change in the mitochondrial membrane potential, and DNA fragmentation are apoptosis markers found in human ejaculated spermatozoa. Also, reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a vital role in the different types of male infertility. In this review, data sources including Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and Science Direct were searched for publications with no particular time restriction to get a holistic and comprehensive view of the research. Apoptosis regulates the male germ cells, correct function and development from the early embryonic stages of gonadal differentiation to fertilization. In addition to maintaining a reasonable ratio between the Sertoli and germ cells, apoptosis is one of the well-known quality control mechanisms in the testis. Also, high ROS levels cause a heightened and dysregulated apoptotic response. Apoptosis is one of the well-known mechanisms of quality control in the testis. Nevertheless, increased apoptosis may have adverse effects on sperm production. Recent studies have shown that ROS and the consequent oxidative stress play a crucial role in apoptosis. This review aims to assimilate and summarize recent findings on the apoptosis in male reproduction and fertility. Also, this review discusses the update on the role of ROS in normal sperm function to guide future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asadollah Asadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Rozita Ghahremani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Arash Abdolmaleki
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Namin, Iran.,BioScience and Biotechnology Research Center (BBRC), Sabalan University of Advanced Technologies (SUAT), Namin, Iran
| | - Farzad Rajaei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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27
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Gao X, Du C, Zheng X, Hou C, Wang Y, Xu S, Yang Y, Zhu J, Jin S. Characterisation, expression and possible functions of prohibitin during spermatogenesis in the silver pomfret Pampus argenteus. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:1084-1098. [PMID: 32741428 DOI: 10.1071/rd19381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play an important role in spermatogenesis, and some mitochondrial proteins are specifically related to this process. In this study we investigated the cytological characteristics of spermatogenic cells, including mitochondrial dynamics, during spermatogenesis in Pampus argenteus. In addition, we characterised the mitochondria-related protein prohibitin (PHB), which has been reported to play roles in mitochondrial dynamics and animal fertility. The full-length cDNA of the P. argenteus phb gene (Pa-phb) is 1687bp, including a 102-bp 5'-untranslated region (UTR), a 772-bp 3'-UTR and an 813-bp open reading frame encoding 271 amino acids. The predicted P. argenteus PHB protein (Pa-PHB) contains three functional domains (a transmembrane domain, an SPFH domain (the conserved region of stomatins, prohibitins, flotillins and HflK/C) and a coiled-coil domain) and exhibits high similarity with its homologue in other animals. The Pa-phb gene was widely expressed in all tissues examined, especially the liver and heart. We primarily focused on Pa-phb expression during spermatogenesis after observing the cytological features of male germ cells, and found that Pa-phb transcripts were detected throughout the course of development of male germ cells. Notably, we observed colocalised signals of Pa-PHB and mitochondria, which were distributed in the cytoplasm around the nucleus in spermatogonia, spermatocytes and early spermatids, tended to move to one side of the cell in middle spermatids and, finally, were colocalised in the sperm midpiece. These observations indicate that Pa-PHB is primarily localised in mitochondria during spermatogenesis, indicating that it has a role in mitochondria. Based on the results of this and previous studies regarding the essential roles of PHB in mitochondria and spermatogenesis in animals, we propose a functional model for PHB during spermatogenesis, including possible roles in the proliferation of spermatogonia and in the regulation of mitochondrial morphology and function in spermatogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinming Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Chen Du
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Xuebin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Congcong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Shanliang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Junquan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China; and Corresponding author.
| | - Shan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
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28
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Mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydride dehydrogenase (NADH) subunit 4 (MTND4) polymorphisms and their association with male infertility. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:2021-2029. [PMID: 33895935 PMCID: PMC8417158 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02199-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between infertility and the polymorphisms of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (MTND4) by spermatozoa analysis in fertile and subfertile men. Methods Samples were divided into 68 subfertile men (case group) and 44 fertile men (control group). After semen analysis, samples were purified. The whole genome was extracted using a QIAamp DNA Mini Kit and the mitochondrial DNA was amplified by using the REPLI-g Mitochondrial DNA Kit. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the MT-ND4 gene. Then, samples were purified and sequenced using the Sanger method. Results Twenty-five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the MTND4 gene. The genotype frequencies of the study population showed a statistically significant association between rs2853495 G>A (Gly320Gly) and male infertility (P = 0.0351). Similarly, the allele frequency test showed that rs2853495 G>A (Gly320Gly) and rs869096886 A>G (Leu164Leu) were significantly associated with male infertility (adjusted OR = 2.616, 95% CI = 1.374–4.983, P = 0.002; adjusted OR = 2.237, 95% CI = 1.245–4.017, P = 0.007, respectively). Conclusion In conclusion, our findings suggested that male infertility was correlated with rs2853495 and rs869096886 SNPs in MTND4. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10815-021-02199-w.
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Gualtieri R, Kalthur G, Barbato V, Di Nardo M, Adiga SK, Talevi R. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress Caused by Cryopreservation in Reproductive Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030337. [PMID: 33668300 PMCID: PMC7996228 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, fundamental organelles in cell metabolism, and ATP synthesis are responsible for generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), calcium homeostasis, and cell death. Mitochondria produce most ROS, and when levels exceed the antioxidant defenses, oxidative stress (OS) is generated. These changes may eventually impair the electron transport chain, resulting in decreased ATP synthesis, increased ROS production, altered mitochondrial membrane permeability, and disruption of calcium homeostasis. Mitochondria play a key role in the gamete competence to facilitate normal embryo development. However, iatrogenic factors in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) may affect their functional competence, leading to an abnormal reproductive outcome. Cryopreservation, a fundamental technology in ART, may compromise mitochondrial function leading to elevated intracellular OS that decreases sperm and oocytes' competence and the dynamics of fertilization and embryo development. This article aims to review the role played by mitochondria and ROS in sperm and oocyte function and the close, biunivocal relationships between mitochondrial damage and ROS generation during cryopreservation of gametes and gonadal tissues in different species. Based on current literature, we propose tentative hypothesis of mechanisms involved in cryopreservation-associated mitochondrial dysfunction in gametes, and discuss the role played by antioxidants and other agents to retain the competence of cryopreserved reproductive cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Gualtieri
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.B.); (M.D.N.); (R.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Guruprasad Kalthur
- Department of Clinical Embryology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, India; (G.K.); (S.K.A.)
| | - Vincenza Barbato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.B.); (M.D.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Maddalena Di Nardo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.B.); (M.D.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Satish Kumar Adiga
- Department of Clinical Embryology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, India; (G.K.); (S.K.A.)
- Centre for Fertility Preservation, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, India
| | - Riccardo Talevi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.B.); (M.D.N.); (R.T.)
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30
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Boguenet M, Bouet PE, Spiers A, Reynier P, May-Panloup P. Mitochondria: their role in spermatozoa and in male infertility. Hum Reprod Update 2021; 27:697-719. [PMID: 33555313 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmab001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The best-known role of spermatozoa is to fertilize the oocyte and to transmit the paternal genome to offspring. These highly specialized cells have a unique structure consisting of all the elements absolutely necessary to each stage of fertilization and to embryonic development. Mature spermatozoa are made up of a head with the nucleus, a neck, and a flagellum that allows motility and that contains a midpiece with a mitochondrial helix. Mitochondria are central to cellular energy production but they also have various other functions. Although mitochondria are recognized as essential to spermatozoa, their exact pathophysiological role and their functioning are complex. Available literature relative to mitochondria in spermatozoa is dense and contradictory in some cases. Furthermore, mitochondria are only indirectly involved in cytoplasmic heredity as their DNA, the paternal mitochondrial DNA, is not transmitted to descendants. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONAL This review aims to summarize available literature on mitochondria in spermatozoa, and, in particular, that with respect to humans, with the perspective of better understanding the anomalies that could be implicated in male infertility. SEARCH METHODS PubMed was used to search the MEDLINE database for peer-reviewed original articles and reviews pertaining to human spermatozoa and mitochondria. Searches were performed using keywords belonging to three groups: 'mitochondria' or 'mitochondrial DNA', 'spermatozoa' or 'sperm' and 'reactive oxygen species' or 'calcium' or 'apoptosis' or signaling pathways'. These keywords were combined with other relevant search phrases. References from these articles were used to obtain additional articles. OUTCOMES Mitochondria are central to the metabolism of spermatozoa and they are implicated in energy production, redox equilibrium and calcium regulation, as well as apoptotic pathways, all of which are necessary for flagellar motility, capacitation, acrosome reaction and gametic fusion. In numerous cases, alterations in one of the aforementioned functions could be linked to a decline in sperm quality and/or infertility. The link between the mitochondrial genome and the quality of spermatozoa appears to be more complex. Although the quantity of mtDNA, and the existence of large-scale deletions therein, are inversely correlated to sperm quality, the effects of mutations seem to be heterogeneous and particularly related to their pathogenicity. WIDER IMPLICATIONS The importance of the role of mitochondria in reproduction, and particularly in gamete quality, has recently emerged following numerous publications. Better understanding of male infertility is of great interest in the current context where a significant decline in sperm quality has been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magalie Boguenet
- MITOVASC Institute, CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers 49000, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Bouet
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers 49000, France
| | - Andrew Spiers
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers 49000, France
| | - Pascal Reynier
- MITOVASC Institute, CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers 49000, France.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Angers University Hospital, Angers 49000, France
| | - Pascale May-Panloup
- MITOVASC Institute, CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers 49000, France.,Reproductive Biology Unit, Angers University Hospital, Angers 49000, France
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Erdem Guzel E, Kaya Tektemur N, Tektemur A. Alpha-lipoic acid may ameliorate testicular damage by targeting dox-induced altered antioxidant parameters, mitofusin-2 and apoptotic gene expression. Andrologia 2021; 53:e13990. [PMID: 33529370 DOI: 10.1111/and.13990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the study, the ameliorating effects of alfa lipoic acid (ALA) against doxorubicin-induced testicular apoptosis, oxidative stress and disrupted mitochondrial fusion were investigated in male rats. Rats were divided into four groups as control, doxorubicin (DOX), DOX + ALA and ALA. A single dose of 15 mg/kg DOX was administered i.p to the DOX and DOX + ALA groups. 50 mg/kg ALA was given to the DOX + ALA and ALA groups by oral gavage every other day. After 28 days, rat testes and serum samples were collected and analysed. Administration of DOX alone caused a decrease in body and relative testicular weights, seminiferous tubule diameter and germinal epithelium thickness, Johnsen's score and serum testosterone levels. DOX treatment led to severe testicular damage such as tubular degeneration, and atrophic tubules. Also, the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were reduced, while the level of malondialdehyde was increased in the testis. The mRNA levels of apoptotic-related genes (CASP3, TP53, BAX, BCL2) and apoptotic index were increased, while mitofusin-2 decreased. DOX caused an increase in CASP3 and a decrease in mitofusin-2 immunoreactivities. Treatment with ALA markedly improved all of DOX-induced biochemical, histochemical and molecular alterations in rat testis. Consequently, ALA has a therapeutic role in ameliorating DOX-induced testicular damage in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Erdem Guzel
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Nalan Kaya Tektemur
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Tektemur
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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Abd Elrahman MM, El Makawy AI, Hassanane MS, Alam SS, Hassan NHA, Amer MK. Assessment of correlation between asthenozoospermia and mitochondrial DNA mutations in Egyptian infertile men. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021; 19:11. [PMID: 33459881 PMCID: PMC7813956 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-020-00111-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthenozoospermia is a chief reason for male seminal pathologies with an impression of around 19% of infertile patients. Spermatozoa mitochondrial DNA variations seem to link with low sperm motility. The objective of the study was to assess the relation between mitochondrial mutations and male sterility, especially in asthenozoospermia. The patient semen samples were investigated by studying the sperm physical characters; motility, viability, and morphological parameters were then classified into normozoospermia and asthenozoospermia. In addition, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a bio-indicator of lipid peroxidation, seminal fructose, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were estimated. For molecular analysis, DNA from the semen samples was extracted using a DNA extraction kit. ND1, ND2, and ATPase6 genes were amplified by using a specific primer. After the purification procedure, each PCR product was sequenced to identify the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in selected genes. RESULTS A significant negative correlation between seminal plasma malondialdehyde levels and sperm motility was detected. Meanwhile, TAC analysis revealed significantly lower activity (p ≤ 0.05) in the sample of asthenozoospermic than in normozoospermic men. As regards the seminal plasma fructose, there was no significant difference in the fructose level of normozoospermia and asthenozoospermia cases. At the molecular level, 31 diverse nucleotide substitutions were recognized in mitochondrial DNA. Only ten (10) mutations led to amino acid transformation: four have deleterious effects, four are benign, and the other two have conflicting effectiveness. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first in Egypt that is concerned with studying the relationship between the mitochondrial DNA mutations in human spermatozoa of asthenozoospermic patients and fertility. The results displayed scientific indications evidenced that there is an association between mitochondrial mutations and male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Abd Elrahman
- Cell Biology Dept. , Division of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O.12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aida I El Makawy
- Cell Biology Dept. , Division of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O.12622, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed S Hassanane
- Cell Biology Dept. , Division of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O.12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sally S Alam
- Cell Biology Dept. , Division of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O.12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nagwa H A Hassan
- Zoology Dept., Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Medhat K Amer
- Surgery Andrology and infertility Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Zhang S, Du X, Liu H, Losiewic MD, Chen X, Ma Y, Wang R, Tian Z, Shi L, Guo H, Zhang H. The latest advances in the reproductive toxicity of microcystin-LR. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 192:110254. [PMID: 32991922 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is an emerging environmental pollutant produced by cyanobacteria that poses a threat to wild life and human health. In recent years, the reproductive toxicity of MC-LR has gained widespread attention, a large number of toxicological studies have filled the gaps in past research and more molecular mechanisms have been elucidated. Hence, this paper reviews the latest research advances on MC-LR-induced reproductive toxicity. MC-LR can damage the structure and function of the testis, ovary, prostate, placenta and other organs of animals and then reduce their fertility. Meanwhile, MC-LR can also be transmitted through the placenta to the offspring causing trans-generational and developmental toxicity including death, malformation, growth retardation, and organ dysfunction in embryos and juveniles. The mechanisms of MC-LR-induced reproductive toxicity mainly include the inhibition of protein phosphatase 1/2 A (PP1/2 A) activity and the induction of oxidative stress. On the one hand, MC-LR triggers the hyperphosphorylation of certain proteins by inhibiting intracellular PP1/2 A activity, thereby activating multiple signaling pathways that cause inflammation and blood-testis barrier destruction, etc. On the other hand, MC-LR-induced oxidative stress can result in cell programmed death via the mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum pathways. It is worth noting that epigenetic modifications are also involved in reproductive cell apoptosis, which may be an important direction for future research. Furthermore, this paper proposes for the first time that MC-LR can produce estrogenic effects in animals as an environmental estrogen. New findings and suggestions in this review could be areas of interest for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xingde Du
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haohao Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Michael D Losiewic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, St Mary's University, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Xinghai Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, St Mary's University, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ya Ma
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhihui Tian
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Linjia Shi
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hongxiang Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Abd El-Hakim YM, Abdel-Rahman Mohamed A, Khater SI, Hamed Arisha A, Metwally MMM, Nassan MA, Hassan ME. Chitosan-Stabilized Selenium Nanoparticles and Metformin Synergistically Rescue Testicular Oxidative Damage and Steroidogenesis-Related Genes Dysregulation in High-Fat Diet/Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 10:E17. [PMID: 33375437 PMCID: PMC7824144 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND this study examined the metformin (MF) and/or chitosan stabilized selenium nanoparticles (CH-SeNPs) efficacy to alleviate the male reproductive function impairment in a high-fat diet feed with low-dose streptozotocin (HFD/STZ) induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) diabetic rat model. METHODS control non-diabetic, HFD/STZ diabetic, HFD/STZ+MF, HFD/STZ+CH-SeNPs, and HFD/STZ+MF+CH-SeNPs rat groups were used. After 60 days, semen evaluation, hormonal assay, enzymatic antioxidant, lipid peroxidation, testis histopathology, and the steroidogenesis-related genes mRNA expressions were assessed. RESULTS in the HFD/STZ diabetic rats, sperm count and motility, male sexual hormones, and testicular antioxidant enzymes were significantly reduced. However, sperm abnormalities and testicular malondialdehyde were significantly incremented. The steroidogenesis-related genes, including steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAr), cytochrome11A1 (CYP11A1), cytochrome17A1 (CYP17A1), and hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 3 (HSD17B3), and the mitochondrial biogenesis related genes, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGCα) and sirtuin (SIRT), were significantly downregulated in the HFD/STZ diabetic rats. However, CYP19A1mRNA expression was significantly upregulated. In contrast, MF and/or CH-SeNPs oral dosing significantly rescued the T2DM-induced sperm abnormalities, reduced sperm motility, diminished sexual hormones level, testicular oxidative damage, and steroidogenesis-related genes dysregulation. In the MF and CH-SeNP co-treated group, many of the estimated parameters differ considerably from single MF or CH-SeNPs treated groups. CONCLUSIONS the MF and CH-SeNPs combined treatment could efficiently limit the diabetic complications largely than monotherapeutic approach and they could be considered a hopeful treatment option in the T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina M. Abd El-Hakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 4511, Egypt
| | - Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 4511, Egypt
| | - Safaa I. Khater
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 4511, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Hamed Arisha
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11865, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. M. Metwally
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed A. Nassan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Manal Ewaiss Hassan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt;
- Department of Pathology, Medical College, Jouf University, Al-Jawf 72388, Saudi Arabia
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Resveratrol-Based Multivitamin Supplement Increases Sperm Concentration and Motility in Idiopathic Male Infertility: A Pilot Clinical Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9124017. [PMID: 33322606 PMCID: PMC7763587 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9124017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. It is known that a multitude of factors may lead to male factor infertility, but still, in the majority of cases, the cause remains largely idiopathic, reflecting poor understanding of the basic process of spermatogenesis and the mechanisms involved. Resveratrol is a polyphenol compound that displays several cellular aspects mainly associated with SIRT1-pathway activation and promotion of mitochondrial enhancer activities. In several animal models, resveratrol has shown positive effects on mitochondria and membrane potential. This could explain effects on sperm concentration and motility. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects on the semen parameters of GENANTE®, a multivitamin supplement containing 150 mg of resveratrol/day, in patients with idiopathic infertility. Methods. This was a prospective single center clinical study. Twenty patients took a multivitamin supplement based on 150 mg of resveratrol (GENANTE®), in the form of an oral tablet every 12 h, and were followed up at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. Pre- and post-treatment evaluation included history, clinical examination, semen analysis, hormonal determinations, and scrotal and prostatic ultrasound. Results. Our preliminary pilot study demonstrated that the multivitamin supplement based on resveratrol improves sperm motility (48.3% ± 13.8 vs. 59.0% ± 12.8, p = 0.0001) and concentration (22.6 × 106/mL ± 9.5 vs. 25.7 × 106/mL ± 8.1, p = 0.0001) after 3 and 6 months of treatment in men with idiopathic infertility. Conclusion. Our data suggest that targeting the metabolic and energetic pathways involved in spermatogenesis and mitochondrial activity could lead to potential effects and counteract subfertility/infertility in men through a mitochondria dynamics mechanism. Trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov registration identifier: NCT03864198, registered on 1 January 2019.
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Abstract
Asthenozoospermia (AZS), defined by reduced motility or absent sperm motility, is one of the main causes of male infertility. This condition may be divided into isolated AZS in the absence of other symptoms and syndromic AZS, which is characterized by several concurrent clinical symptoms. Sperm motility depends on fully functional flagellum, energy availability, and the crosstalk of several signaling pathways; therefore, mutations in genes involved in flagellar assembly and motile regulation can cause AZS. Thus, it is crucial to understand the genetic causes and mechanisms contributing to AZS. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the particular genes and mechanisms involved in intact flagellum, energy availability, and signaling transduction that could cause human AZS and discuss the respective gene defects known to be responsible for these abnormalities. Additionally, we discuss intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes and offspring health where available in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofeng Tu
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China; Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Weili Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tongyao Hu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guangxiu Lu
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China
| | - Ge Lin
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China; Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue-Qiu Tan
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China; Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
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37
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Male Factors: the Role of Sperm in Preimplantation Embryo Quality. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:1788-1811. [DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00334-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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38
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Moreira BP, Silva AM, Martins AD, Monteiro MP, Sousa M, Oliveira PF, Alves MG. Effect of Leptin in Human Sertoli Cells Mitochondrial Physiology. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:920-931. [DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00328-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Panda AP, Roy SC, Sakhare DT, Badami S, Divyashree BC, Gurupriya VS, Dhali A. Reduced cytochrome oxidase activity and increased protein tyrosine phosphorylation of mitochondria-rich fractions of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) spermatozoa after a cycle of freezing and thawing. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 31:1567-1580. [PMID: 31233700 DOI: 10.1071/rd18502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The motility and fertility of mammalian spermatozoa are compromised when they are cryopreserved. Sperm mitochondrial proteins play a vital role in conferring motility. However, the effects of cryopreservation on mitochondria-specific proteins remain primarily unexplored in domestic animals, including buffaloes, so the present study aimed to evaluate this issue. Mitochondria were isolated from both non-cryopreserved and cryopreserved buffalo spermatozoa by sonication followed by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation. The purity of the mitochondrial preparation was assessed by cytochrome oxidase assay and electron microscopy. Mitochondria separated from cryopreserved buffalo spermatozoa were associated with significantly lower (P ≤ 0.05) cytochrome oxidase activity as compared with non-cryopreserved spermatozoa. The intensities of two low-molecular-mass mitochondrial proteins (30.1 kDa and 26.1 kDa) were significantly reduced as compared with the non-cryopreserved group. In addition, in cryopreserved buffalo sperm mitochondria, the intensities of three tyrosine phosphorylated proteins (126.6, 106.7 and 26 kDa) increased significantly compared with the non-cryopreserved group. Of these, tyrosine phosphorylation of the 26-kDa mitochondrial protein of cryopreserved sperm was very intense and unique because it could not be detected in the mitochondria of non-cryopreserved sperm. Thus, the study confirmed that both cytochrome oxidase activity and the proteins of buffalo sperm mitochondria undergo significant cryogenic changes in terms of quantity and quality after a cycle of freezing and thawing and this may be one of the important causes of reduced post-thaw motility and fertility of cryopreserved buffalo spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya P Panda
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Hosur Road, Adugodi, Bangalore 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - Sudhir C Roy
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Hosur Road, Adugodi, Bangalore 560030, Karnataka, India; and Corresponding author.
| | - Deepak T Sakhare
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Hosur Road, Adugodi, Bangalore 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - Sharanabasav Badami
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Hosur Road, Adugodi, Bangalore 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - Bannur C Divyashree
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Hosur Road, Adugodi, Bangalore 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - Vijayasaraswathy S Gurupriya
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Hosur Road, Adugodi, Bangalore 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - Arindam Dhali
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Hosur Road, Adugodi, Bangalore 560030, Karnataka, India
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Mitochondria, spermatogenesis, and male infertility - An update. Mitochondrion 2020; 54:26-40. [PMID: 32534048 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of mitochondria in the eukaryotic cell is one of the most enigmatic events in the course of evolution. This important organelle was thought to be only the powerhouse of the cell, but was later learnt to perform many other indispensable functions in the cell. Two major contributions of mitochondria in spermatogenesis concern energy production and apoptosis. Apart from this, mitochondria also participate in a number of other processes affecting spermatogenesis and fertility. Mitochondria in sperm are arranged in the periphery of the tail microtubules to serve to energy demand for motility. Apart from this, the role of mitochondria in germ cell proliferation, mitotic regulation, and the elimination of germ cells by apoptosis are now well recognized. Eventually, mutations in the mitochondrial genome have been reported in male infertility, particularly in sluggish sperm (asthenozoospermia); however, heteroplasmy in the mtDNA and a complex interplay between the nucleus and mitochondria affect their penetrance. In this article, we have provided an update on the role of mitochondria in various events of spermatogenesis and male fertility and on the correlation of mitochondrial DNA mutations with male infertility.
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Durairajanayagam D, Singh D, Agarwal A, Henkel R. Causes and consequences of sperm mitochondrial dysfunction. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13666. [PMID: 32510691 DOI: 10.1111/and.13666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria have multiple functions, including synthesis of adenine triphosphate, production of reactive oxygen species, calcium signalling, thermogenesis and apoptosis. Mitochondria have a significant contribution in regulating the various physiological aspects of reproductive function, from spermatogenesis up to fertilisation. Mitochondrial functionality and intact mitochondrial membrane potential are a pre-requisite for sperm motility, hyperactivation, capacitation, acrosin activity, acrosome reaction and DNA integrity. Optimal mitochondrial activity is therefore crucial for human sperm function and semen quality. However, the precise role of mitochondria in spermatozoa remains to be fully explored. Defects in sperm mitochondrial function severely impair the maintenance of energy production required for sperm motility and may be an underlying cause of asthenozoospermia. Sperm mtDNA is susceptible to oxidative damage and mutations that could compromise sperm function leading to infertility. Males with abnormal semen parameters have increased mtDNA copy number and reduced mtDNA integrity. This review discusses the role of mitochondria in sperm function, along with the causes and impact of its dysfunction on male fertility. Greater understanding of sperm mitochondrial function and its correlation with sperm quality could provide further insights into their contribution in the assessment of the infertile male.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damayanthi Durairajanayagam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Sungai Buloh, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
| | - Dipty Singh
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (NIRRH), Mumbai, India
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Medical Bioscience, Faculty of Natural Science, University of the Western Cape, Belville, South Africa
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Wahab F, Drummer C, Mätz-Rensing K, Fuchs E, Behr R. Irisin is expressed by undifferentiated spermatogonia and modulates gene expression in organotypic primate testis cultures. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 504:110670. [PMID: 31801682 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms regulating undifferentiated spermatogonial cell proliferation and differentiation are still not fully understood. Irisin is an exercise-induced hormone, which is a cleaved and secreted fragment of the fibronectin type III repeat containing 5 (FNDC5) transmembrane protein. Recent studies have demonstrated the role of irisin in cell proliferation and differentiation in various tissues. However, testicular irisin expression and its potential action have not been analyzed. Here, we demonstrate expression of irisin in undifferentiated spermatogonia of primates and in the tree shrew, a bridging species between primates and insectivores. Rhesus monkeys are seasonal breeders with annual phases of high and low testicular activity and germ cell proliferation. Interestingly, expression of both FNDC5 mRNA and irisin is altered between breeding (high spermatogenesis) and nonbreeding seasons (low spermatogenesis). Organotypic testis culture in the presence of irisin increased the expression levels of the Sertoli cell (GDNF) and spermatogonial transcripts Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), Inhibitor of differentiation 4 (ID4), Cluster of differentiation 117 (cKIT), and SALL4, compared to untreated controls, while irisin suppressed its own FNDC5 mRNA. Our data suggest that irisin is a novel endocrine factor involved in the regulation of spermatogonial activities in the testes of primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazal Wahab
- Platform Degenerative Diseases, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Charis Drummer
- Platform Degenerative Diseases, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Mätz-Rensing
- Pathology Unit, German Primate Center- Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Eberhard Fuchs
- Platform Degenerative Diseases, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Behr
- Platform Degenerative Diseases, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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Johnson C, Dance A, Kovalchuk I, Kastelic J, Thundathil J. Enhanced pre-pubertal nutrition upregulates mitochondrial function in testes and sperm of post-pubertal Holstein bulls. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2235. [PMID: 32042017 PMCID: PMC7010748 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59067-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplemental energy and protein during calf-hood (2–30 wk) in dairy bulls hastened puberty (~1 mo), upregulated steroid biosynthesis, concentrations of reproductive hormones and Sertoli cell maturation, with larger testes and greater sperm production (~25%) in mature bulls. The objective was to evaluate effects of feeding high (20.0% crude protein [CP], 67.9% total digestible nutrients [TDN]), control/medium (17.0% CP, 66.0% TDN) and low (12.2% CP, 62.9% TDN) diets from 2 to 30 wk on post-pubertal testes of Holstein bulls. Based on RNA sequencing, 497 and 2961 genes were differentially expressed (P < 0.1) in high- vs low- and high- vs medium-diet groups, respectively. According to KEGG analysis, oxidative phosphorylation and ribosome pathways were upregulated in high- vs medium- and low-diet groups, with majority of upregulated genes encoding for essential subunits of complex I, III, IV and V of OXYPHOS pathway. In addition, mitochondrial translation, mitotic nuclear division and cell division were enriched in high- vs medium-diet groups. Consistent with these results, a greater percentage of sperm from high-diet bulls were progressively motile and had normal mitochondrial function compared to medium-diet sperm (P < 0.1). Thus, enhanced early life nutrition upregulated mitochondrial function in testes and sperm of post-pubertal Holstein bulls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinju Johnson
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Alysha Dance
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, TIK 3M4, Canada
| | - John Kastelic
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jacob Thundathil
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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Heidary Z, Zaki-Dizaji M, Saliminejad K, Edalatkhah H, Khorram Khorshid HR. MiR-4485-3p expression reduced in spermatozoa of men with idiopathic asthenozoospermia. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13539. [PMID: 32030798 DOI: 10.1111/and.13539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthenozoospermia (AZS), which characterised by reduced forward sperm motility, is a common cause of male infertility. Recently, mitochondrial dysfunction reported in AZS men came to attention for finding the molecular aetiology of AZS. Mitochondria-related microRNAs (miRNAs) are the most important regulators of mitochondrial function through post-transcriptionally modulation of gene expression. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the expression of four recently reported mitochondrial-related miRNAs (miR-4485-3p/4484/4461 and 4463) in the sperm sample of asthenozoospermic men. RNA was extracted from spermatozoa of 74 volunteers (39 patients with idiopathic AZS and 35 controls with normal fertility), and relative gene expression analysis was performed by quantitative PCR. We used SNORD48 as a normaliser gene, and quantification was calculated by 2-ΔΔCt method. The expression of miR-4484 and miR-4461 was not detected in the spermatozoa of cases and controls. However, miR-4485-3p (p = .006) was significantly downregulated in the AZS men compared with the controls, but the miR-4463 expression was not significantly different between the two groups (p = .5). Bioinformatic analysis identified three target genes for miR-4485-3p (DNAH1, KIT and PARK7) that are related to male infertility. In conclusion, the downregulation of miR-4485-3p was associated with idiopathic AZS, which could be a molecular link between mitochondrial dysfunction and AZS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Heidary
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Zaki-Dizaji
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kioomars Saliminejad
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haleh Edalatkhah
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Khorram Khorshid
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Huang W, Cao Z, Yao Q, Ji Q, Zhang J, Li Y. Mitochondrial damage are involved in Aflatoxin B 1-induced testicular damage and spermatogenesis disorder in mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 701:135077. [PMID: 31733399 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is an unavoidable environmental pollutants, which seriously endangers human and animal health. AFB1 has male reproductive toxicity, yet the underlying mechanisms remain inconclusive. Mitochondra are a kind of crucial organelle for maintaining spermatogenesis in testis. Thus, we hypothesized that AFB1 can impair mitochondria to aggravate testicular damage and spermatogenesis disorder. To verify this hypothesis, 48 male mice were intragastrically administered with 0, 0.375, 0.75 or 1.5 mg/kg body weight AFB1 for 30 days, respectively. In this study, we found AFB1 caused testicular histopathological lesions and spermatogenesis abnormalities, with the elevation of oxidative stress (increased H2O2, whereas decreased SOD and GSH). Significant mitochondria structure damage of germ cells and Leydig cells, MMP loss, ATP contents reduction, and inhibited activities of mitochondrial complexes I-IV in mice testis were found in AFB1 treatment groups. Besides, AFB1 inhibited mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics, presenting as the decreased mRNA and protein expressions of PGC-1α, Nrf1, Tfam, Drp1, Fis1, Mfn1 and Opa1. The results revealed that the mitochondrial damage were involved in AFB1-induced testicular damage and spermatogenesis disorder, providing a considerable direction to clarify potential mechanisms of AFB1 reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyue Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qiucheng Yao
- College of Agriculture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Qiang Ji
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Sujit KM, Singh V, Trivedi S, Singh K, Gupta G, Rajender S. Increased DNA methylation in the spermatogenesis-associated (SPATA) genes correlates with infertility. Andrology 2020; 8:602-609. [PMID: 31838782 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spermatogenesis-associated (SPATA) family of genes plays important roles in spermatogenesis, sperm maturation or fertilization. The knockout studies in mice have demonstrated that SPATA genes are crucial for fertility. Gene expression and genetic polymorphism studies have further suggested their correlation with infertility; however, methylation analysis of SPATA genes in human male infertility has not yet been undertaken. OBJECTIVES To analyze the methylation status of SPATA4, SPATA5 and SPATA6 genes in oligozoospermic male infertility. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, we have analyzed DNA methylation pattern in the promoter regions of SPATA4, SPATA5 and SPATA6 genes in oligozoospermic patients and compared it with normozoospermic fertile controls. Semen samples were obtained from 30 oligozoospermic infertile and 19 normozoospermic fertile controls, and DNA methylation levels of the target gene promoters were analyzed by amplicon based deep sequencing methylation analysis using MiSeq. RESULTS SPATA4 (P < 0.0008), SPATA5 (P = 0.009) and SPATA6 (Promoter, P < 0.0005; Exon 1, P = 0.0128) genes were significantly hypermethylated in oligozoospermic patients in comparison to controls. This is the first study reporting a higher methylation in the promoters of SPATA4, SPATA5 and SPATA6 in oligozoospermic infertile individuals in comparison to the normozoospermic fertile controls. DISCUSSION Altered methylation of SPATA genes would affect pathways involved in sperm production or affect various processes linked to sperm fertility. CONCLUSION In conclusion, hypermethylation in the SPATA4, SPATA5 and SPATA6 genes correlates with oligozoospermic infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vertika Singh
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Sameer Trivedi
- Department of Urology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Kiran Singh
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Gopal Gupta
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Singh Rajender
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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Zhang X, Lu X, Li J, Xia Q, Gao J, Wu B. Mito-Tempo alleviates cryodamage by regulating intracellular oxidative metabolism in spermatozoa from asthenozoospermic patients. Cryobiology 2019; 91:18-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2019.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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First Insights on the Presence of the Unfolded Protein Response in Human Spermatozoa. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215518. [PMID: 31694346 PMCID: PMC6861958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is involved in protein quality control and is activated in response to several stressors. Although in testis the UPR mechanisms are well described, their presence in spermatozoa is contentious. We aimed to investigate the presence of UPR-related proteins in human sperm and the impact of oxidative stress induction in UPR activation. To identify UPR-related proteins in human sperm, a bioinformatic approach was adopted. To explore the activation of UPR, sperm were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and motility, vitality, and the levels of UPR-related proteins were assessed. We identified 97 UPR-related proteins in human sperm and showed, for the first time, the presence of HSF1, GADD34, and phosphorylated eIF2α. Additionally, the exposure of human sperm to H2O2 resulted in a significant decrease in sperm viability and motility and an increase in the levels of HSF1, HSP90, HSP60, HSP27, and eIF2α; all proteins involved in sensing and response to unfolded proteins. This study gave us a first insight into the presence of UPR mechanisms in the male gamete. However, the belief that sperm are devoid of transcription and translation highlight the need to clarify if these pathways are activated in sperm in the same way as in somatic cells.
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Shahrokhi SZ, Salehi P, Alyasin A, Taghiyar S, Deemeh MR. Asthenozoospermia: Cellular and molecular contributing factors and treatment strategies. Andrologia 2019; 52:e13463. [DOI: 10.1111/and.13463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Zahra Shahrokhi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine School of Allied Medical Sciences Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Peyman Salehi
- Infertility Center Shahid Beheshti Hospital Isfahan Iran
| | | | | | - Mohammad Reza Deemeh
- Andrology Department Nobel Laboratory Isfahan Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry Faculty of Medical Sciences Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
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Haseeb A, Chen H, Huang Y, Yang P, Sun X, Iqbal A, Ahmed N, Wang T, Samad Gandahi N, Bai X, Chen Q. Remodelling of mitochondria during spermiogenesis of Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis). Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 30:1514-1521. [PMID: 29759112 DOI: 10.1071/rd18010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are vital cellular organelles that have the ability to change their shape under different conditions, such as in response to stress, disease, changes in metabolic rate, energy requirements and apoptosis. In the present study, we observed remodelling of mitochondria during spermiogenesis and its relationship with mitochondria-associated granules (MAG). At the beginning of spermiogenesis, mitochondria are characterised by their round shape. As spermiogenesis progresses, the round-shaped mitochondria change into elongated and then swollen mitochondria, subsequently forming a crescent-like shape and finally developing into onion-like shaped mitochondria. We also noted changes in mitochondrial size, location and patterns of cristae at different stages of spermiogenesis. Significant differences (P<0.0001) were found in the size of the different-shaped mitochondria. In early spermatids transitioning to the granular nucleus stage, the size of the mitochondria decreased, but increased subsequently during spermiogenesis. Changes in size and morphological variations were achieved through marked mitochondrial fusion. We also observed a non-membranous structure (MAG) closely associated with mitochondria that may stimulate or control fusion during mitochondrial remodelling. The end product of this sophisticated remodelling process in turtle spermatozoa is an onion-like mitochondrion. The acquisition of this kind of mitochondrial configuration is one strategy for long-term sperm storage in turtles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Haseeb
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, China
| | - Yufei Huang
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, China
| | - Xuejing Sun
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, China
| | - Adeela Iqbal
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, China
| | - Nisar Ahmed
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, China
| | - Taozhi Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, China
| | - Noor Samad Gandahi
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, China
| | - Xuebing Bai
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, China
| | - Qiusheng Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, China
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