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Johnson AG, Dammer EB, Webster JA, Duong DM, Seyfried NT, Hales CM. Proteomic networks of gray and white matter reveal tissue-specific changes in human tauopathy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2024. [PMID: 38924699 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define tauopathy-associated changes in the human gray and white matter proteome. METHOD We applied tandem mass tagged labeling and mass spectrometry, consensus, and ratio weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) to gray and white matter sampled from postmortem human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The sampled tissues included control as well as Alzheimer's disease, corticobasal degeneration, progressive supranuclear palsy, frontotemporal degeneration with tau pathology, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. RESULTS Only eight proteins were unique to gray matter while six were unique to white matter. Comparison of the gray and white matter proteome revealed an enrichment of microglial proteins in the white matter. Consensus WGCNA sorted over 6700 protein isoforms into 46 consensus modules across the gray and white matter proteomic networks. Consensus network modules demonstrated unique and shared disease-associated microglial and endothelial protein changes. Ratio WGCNA sorted over 6500 protein ratios (white:gray) into 33 modules. Modules associated with mitochondrial proteins and processes demonstrated higher white:gray ratios in diseased tissues relative to control, driven by mitochondrial protein downregulation in gray and upregulation in white. INTERPRETATION The dataset is a valuable resource for understanding proteomic changes in human tauopathy gray and white matter. The identification of unique and shared disease-associated changes across gray and white matter emphasizes the utility of examining both tissue types. Future studies of microglial, endothelial, and mitochondrial changes in white matter may provide novel insights into tauopathy-associated changes in human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlyn G Johnson
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Eric B Dammer
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - James A Webster
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Duc M Duong
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nicholas T Seyfried
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Chadwick M Hales
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Dagar S, Sharma M, Tsaprailis G, Tapia CS, Crynen G, Joshi PS, Shahani N, Subramaniam S. Ribosome Profiling and Mass Spectrometry Reveal Widespread Mitochondrial Translation Defects in a Striatal Cell Model of Huntington Disease. Mol Cell Proteomics 2024; 23:100746. [PMID: 38447791 PMCID: PMC11040134 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2024.100746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Huntington disease (HD) is caused by an expanded polyglutamine mutation in huntingtin (mHTT) that promotes prominent atrophy in the striatum and subsequent psychiatric, cognitive deficits, and choreiform movements. Multiple lines of evidence point to an association between HD and aberrant striatal mitochondrial functions; however, the present knowledge about whether (or how) mitochondrial mRNA translation is differentially regulated in HD remains unclear. We found that protein synthesis is diminished in HD mitochondria compared to healthy control striatal cell models. We utilized ribosome profiling (Ribo-Seq) to analyze detailed snapshots of ribosome occupancy of the mitochondrial mRNA transcripts in control and HD striatal cell models. The Ribo-Seq data revealed almost unaltered ribosome occupancy on the nuclear-encoded mitochondrial transcripts involved in oxidative phosphorylation (SDHA, Ndufv1, Timm23, Tomm5, Mrps22) in HD cells. By contrast, ribosome occupancy was dramatically increased for mitochondrially encoded oxidative phosphorylation mRNAs (mt-Nd1, mt-Nd2, mt-Nd4, mt-Nd4l, mt-Nd5, mt-Nd6, mt-Co1, mt-Cytb, and mt-ATP8). We also applied tandem mass tag-based mass spectrometry identification of mitochondrial proteins to derive correlations between ribosome occupancy and actual mature mitochondrial protein products. We found many mitochondrial transcripts with comparable or higher ribosome occupancy, but diminished mitochondrial protein products, in HD. Thus, our study provides the first evidence of a widespread dichotomous effect on ribosome occupancy and protein abundance of mitochondria-related genes in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunayana Dagar
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Manish Sharma
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - George Tsaprailis
- Proteomics Core, The Wertheim UF Scripps Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | | | - Gogce Crynen
- Bioinformatics and Statistics Core, The Wertheim UF Scripps Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Preksha Sandipkumar Joshi
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Neelam Shahani
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Srinivasa Subramaniam
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, Florida, USA; The Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA; Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
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3
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Shing K, Sapp E, Boudi A, Liu S, Seeley C, Marchionini D, DiFiglia M, Kegel-Gleason KB. Early whole-body mutant huntingtin lowering averts changes in proteins and lipids important for synapse function and white matter maintenance in the LacQ140 mouse model. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 187:106313. [PMID: 37777020 PMCID: PMC10731584 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Expansion of a triplet repeat tract in exon 1 of the HTT gene causes Huntington's disease (HD). The mutant HTT protein (mHTT) has numerous aberrant interactions with diverse, pleiomorphic effects. Lowering mHTT is a promising approach to treat HD, but it is unclear when lowering should be initiated, how much is necessary, and what duration should occur to achieve benefits. Furthermore, the effects of mHTT lowering on brain lipids have not been assessed. Using a mHtt-inducible mouse model, we analyzed mHtt lowering initiated at different ages and sustained for different time-periods. mHTT protein in cytoplasmic and synaptic compartments of the striatum was reduced 38-52%; however, there was minimal lowering of mHTT in nuclear and perinuclear regions where aggregates formed at 12 months of age. Total striatal lipids were reduced in 9-month-old LacQ140 mice and preserved by mHtt lowering. Subclasses important for white matter structure and function including ceramide (Cer), sphingomyelin (SM), and monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), contributed to the reduction in total lipids. Phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylserine (PS), and bismethyl phosphatidic acid (BisMePA) were also changed in LacQ140 mice. Levels of all subclasses except ceramide were preserved by mHtt lowering. mRNA expression profiling indicated that a transcriptional mechanism contributes to changes in myelin lipids, and some but not all changes can be prevented by mHtt lowering. Our findings suggest that early and sustained reduction in mHtt can prevent changes in levels of select striatal proteins and most lipids, but a misfolded, degradation-resistant form of mHTT hampers some benefits in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Shing
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Ellen Sapp
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Adel Boudi
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Sophia Liu
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Connor Seeley
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | | | - Marian DiFiglia
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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Speidell A, Bin Abid N, Yano H. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Dysregulation as an Essential Pathological Feature in Huntington's Disease: Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutics. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2275. [PMID: 37626771 PMCID: PMC10452871 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a major neurotrophin whose loss or interruption is well established to have numerous intersections with the pathogenesis of progressive neurological disorders. There is perhaps no greater example of disease pathogenesis resulting from the dysregulation of BDNF signaling than Huntington's disease (HD)-an inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor, psychiatric, and cognitive impairments associated with basal ganglia dysfunction and the ultimate death of striatal projection neurons. Investigation of the collection of mechanisms leading to BDNF loss in HD highlights this neurotrophin's importance to neuronal viability and calls attention to opportunities for therapeutic interventions. Using electronic database searches of existing and forthcoming research, we constructed a literature review with the overarching goal of exploring the diverse set of molecular events that trigger BDNF dysregulation within HD. We highlighted research that investigated these major mechanisms in preclinical models of HD and connected these studies to those evaluating similar endpoints in human HD subjects. We also included a special focus on the growing body of literature detailing key transcriptomic and epigenetic alterations that affect BDNF abundance in HD. Finally, we offer critical evaluation of proposed neurotrophin-directed therapies and assessed clinical trials seeking to correct BDNF expression in HD individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Speidell
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (A.S.); (N.B.A.)
| | - Noman Bin Abid
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (A.S.); (N.B.A.)
| | - Hiroko Yano
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (A.S.); (N.B.A.)
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Shing K, Sapp E, Boudi A, Liu S, Seeley C, Marchionini D, DiFiglia M, Kegel-Gleason KB. Early whole-body mutant huntingtin lowering averts changes in proteins and lipids important for synapse function and white matter maintenance in the LacQ140 mouse model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.26.525697. [PMID: 36747614 PMCID: PMC9900921 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.26.525697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Expansion of a triplet repeat tract in exon1 of the HTT gene causes Huntington's disease (HD). The mutant HTT protein (mHTT) has numerous aberrant interactions with diverse, pleiomorphic effects. No disease modifying treatments exist but lowering mutant huntingtin (mHTT) by gene therapy is a promising approach to treat Huntington's disease (HD). It is not clear when lowering should be initiated, how much lowering is necessary and for what duration lowering should occur to achieve benefits. Furthermore, the effects of mHTT lowering on brain lipids have not been assessed. Using a mHtt-inducible mouse model we analyzed whole body mHtt lowering initiated at different ages and sustained for different time-periods. Subcellular fractionation (density gradient ultracentrifugation), protein chemistry (gel filtration, western blot, and capillary electrophoresis immunoassay), liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry of lipids, and bioinformatic approaches were used to test effects of mHTT transcriptional lowering. mHTT protein in cytoplasmic and synaptic compartments of the caudate putamen, which is most affected in HD, was reduced 38-52%. Little or no lowering of mHTT occurred in nuclear and perinuclear regions where aggregates formed at 12 months of age. mHtt transcript repression partially or fully preserved select striatal proteins (SCN4B, PDE10A). Total lipids in striatum were reduced in LacQ140 mice at 9 months and preserved by early partial mHtt lowering. The reduction in total lipids was due in part to reductions in subclasses of ceramide (Cer), sphingomyelin (SM), and monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), which are known to be important for white matter structure and function. Lipid subclasses phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylserine (PS), and bismethyl phosphatidic acid (BisMePA) were also changed in LacQ140 mice. Levels of all subclasses other than ceramide were preserved by early mHtt lowering. Pathway enrichment analysis of RNAseq data imply a transcriptional mechanism is responsible in part for changes in myelin lipids, and some but not all changes can be rescued by mHTT lowering. Our findings suggest that early and sustained reduction in mHtt can prevent changes in levels of select striatal proteins and most lipids but a misfolded, degradation-resistant form of mHTT hampers some benefits in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Shing
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Ellen Sapp
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Adel Boudi
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Sophia Liu
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Connor Seeley
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | | | - Marian DiFiglia
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
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Sapp E, Boudi A, Reid SJ, Trombetta BA, Kivisäkk P, Taghian T, Arnold SE, Howland D, Gray-Edwards H, Kegel-Gleason KB, DiFiglia M. Levels of Synaptic Proteins in Brain and Neurofilament Light Chain in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma of OVT73 Huntington's Disease Sheep Support a Prodromal Disease State. J Huntingtons Dis 2023; 12:201-213. [PMID: 37661892 DOI: 10.3233/jhd-230590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synaptic changes occur early in patients with Huntington's disease (HD) and in mouse models of HD. An analysis of synaptic changes in HD transgenic sheep (OVT73) is fitting since they have been shown to have some phenotypes. They also have larger brains, longer lifespan, and greater motor and cognitive capacities more aligned with humans, and can provide abundant biofluids for in vivo monitoring of therapeutic interventions. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine if there were differences between 5- and 10-year-old OVT73 and wild-type (WT) sheep in levels of synaptic proteins in brain and in neurofilament light chain (NfL) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma. METHODS Mutant huntingtin (mHTT) and other proteins were measured by western blot assay in synaptosomes prepared from caudate, motor, and piriform cortex in 5-year-old and caudate, putamen, motor; and piriform cortex in 10-year-old WT and OVT73 sheep. Levels of NfL, a biomarker for neuronal damage increased in many neurological disorders including HD, were examined in CSF and plasma samples from 10-year-old WT and OVT73 sheep using the Simoa NfL Advantage kit. RESULTS Western blot analysis showed mHTT protein expression in synaptosomes from OVT73 sheep was 23% of endogenous sheep HTT levels at both ages. Significant changes were detected in brain levels of PDE10A, SCN4B, DARPP32, calmodulin, SNAP25, PSD95, VGLUT 1, VAMP1, and Na+/K+-ATPase, which depended on age and brain region. There was no difference in NfL levels in CSF and plasma in OVT73 sheep compared to age-matched WT sheep. CONCLUSIONS These results show that synaptic changes occur in brain of 5- and 10-year-old OVT73 sheep, but levels of NfL in biofluids are unaffected. Altogether, the data support a prodromal disease state in OVT73 sheep that involves the caudate, putamen and cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Sapp
- Department of Neurology, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adel Boudi
- Department of Neurology, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suzanne J Reid
- Centre for Brain Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bianca A Trombetta
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer's Clinical and Translational Research Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pia Kivisäkk
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer's Clinical and Translational Research Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Toloo Taghian
- Department of Radiology and Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Steven E Arnold
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer's Clinical and Translational Research Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Heather Gray-Edwards
- Department of Radiology and Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly B Kegel-Gleason
- Department of Neurology, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marian DiFiglia
- Department of Neurology, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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7
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Podvin S, Mosier C, Poon W, Wei E, Rossitto LA, Hook V. Dysregulation of Human Juvenile Huntington's Disease Brain Proteomes in Cortex and Putamen Involves Mitochondrial and Neuropeptide Systems. J Huntingtons Dis 2023; 12:315-333. [PMID: 38108356 DOI: 10.3233/jhd-230577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huntington's disease (HD) is a genetic neurodegenerative disease caused by trinucleotide repeat CAG expansions in the human HTT gene. Early onset juvenile HD (JHD) in children is the most severe form of the disease caused by high CAG repeat numbers of the HTT gene. OBJECTIVE To gain understanding of human HD mechanisms hypothesized to involve dysregulated proteomes of brain regions that regulate motor and cognitive functions, this study analyzed the proteomes of human JHD cortex and putamen brain regions compared to age-matched controls. METHODS JHD and age-matched control brain tissues were assessed for CAG repeat numbers of HTT by PCR. Human brain JHD brain cortex regions of BA4 and BA6 with the putamen region (n = 5) were analyzed by global proteomics, compared to age-matched controls (n = 7). Protein interaction pathways were assessed by gene ontology (GO), STRING-db, and KEGG bioinformatics. RESULTS JHD brain tissues were heterozygous for one mutant HTT allele containing 60 to 120 CAG repeats, and one normal HTT allele with 10 to 19 CAG repeats. Proteomics data for JHD brain regions showed dysregulated mitochondrial energy pathways and changes in synaptic systems including peptide neurotransmitters. JHD compared to control proteomes of cortex and putamen displayed (a) proteins present only in JHD, (b) proteins absent in JHD, and (c) proteins that were downregulated or upregulated. CONCLUSIONS Human JHD brain cortex and putamen regions display significant dysregulation of proteomes representing deficits in mitochondrial and synaptic neurotransmission functions. These findings advance understanding of JHD brain molecular mechanisms associated with HD disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Podvin
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Charles Mosier
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - William Poon
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Enlin Wei
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Leigh-Ana Rossitto
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Vivian Hook
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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8
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Doxorubicin induced cardio toxicity through sirtuins mediated mitochondrial disruption. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 365:110028. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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9
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Environmental stimulation in Huntington disease patients and animal models. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 171:105725. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Xie X, Shu R, Yu C, Fu Z, Li Z. Mammalian AKT, the Emerging Roles on Mitochondrial Function in Diseases. Aging Dis 2022; 13:157-174. [PMID: 35111368 PMCID: PMC8782557 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction may play a crucial role in various diseases due to its roles in the regulation of energy production and cellular metabolism. Serine/threonine kinase (AKT) is a highly recognized antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-proliferation, and endocrine modulatory molecule. Interestingly, increasing studies have revealed that AKT can modulate mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, redox states, dynamic balance, autophagy, and metabolism. AKT thus plays multifaceted roles in mitochondrial function and is involved in the modulation of mitochondria-related diseases. This paper reviews the protective effects of AKT and its potential mechanisms of action in relation to mitochondrial function in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxian Xie
- 1College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruonan Shu
- 1College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunan Yu
- 1College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- 1College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zezhi Li
- 2Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Shawki SM, Saad MA, Rahmo RM, Wadie W, El-Abhar HS. Liraglutide Improves Cognitive and Neuronal Function in 3-NP Rat Model of Huntington's Disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:731483. [PMID: 35002691 PMCID: PMC8727874 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.731483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant inherited neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive motor, psychiatric, and cognitive abnormalities. The antidiabetic drug liraglutide possesses a neuroprotective potential against several neurodegenerative disorders; however, its role in Huntington’s disease (HD) and the possible mechanisms/trajectories remain elusive, which is the aim of this work. Liraglutide (200 μg/kg, s.c) was administered to rats intoxicated with 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) for 4 weeks post HD model induction. Liraglutide abated the 3-NP-induced neurobehavioral deficits (open field and elevated plus maze tests) and histopathological changes. Liraglutide downregulated the striatal mRNA expression of HSP 27, PBR, and GFAP, while it upregulated that of DARPP32. On the molecular level, liraglutide enhanced striatal miR-130a gene expression and TrKB protein expression and its ligand BDNF, while it reduced the striatal protein content and mRNA expression of the death receptors sortilin and p75NTR, respectively. It enhanced the neuroprotective molecules cAMP, p-PI3K, p-Akt, and p-CREB, besides modulating the p-GSK-3β/p-β-catenin axis. Liraglutide enhanced the antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2, abrogated TBARS, upregulated both Bcl2 and Bcl-XL, and downregulated Bax along with decreasing caspase-3 activity. Therefore, liraglutide exerts a neurotherapeutic effect on 3-NP-treated rats that is, besides the upturn of behavioral and structural findings, it at least partially, increased miR-130a and modulated PI3K/Akt/CREB/BDNF/TrKB, sortilin, and p75NTR, and Akt/GSK-3β/p-β-catenin trajectories besides its capacity to decrease apoptosis and oxidative stress, as well as its neurotrophic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar M Shawki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A Saad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M Rahmo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa Wadie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan S El-Abhar
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
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12
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Brain Region and Cell Compartment Dependent Regulation of Electron Transport System Components in Huntington's Disease Model Mice. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11101267. [PMID: 34679332 PMCID: PMC8533690 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11101267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington’s disease (HD) is a rare hereditary neurodegenerative disorder characterized by multiple metabolic dysfunctions including defects in mitochondrial homeostasis and functions. Although we have recently reported age-related changes in the respiratory capacities in different brain areas in HD mice, the precise mechanisms of how mitochondria become compromised in HD are still poorly understood. In this study, we investigated mRNA and protein levels of selected subunits of electron transport system (ETS) complexes and ATP-synthase in the cortex and striatum of symptomatic R6/2 mice. Our findings reveal a brain-region-specific differential expression of both nuclear and mitochondrial-encoded ETS components, indicating defects of transcription, translation and/or mitochondrial import of mitochondrial ETS components in R6/2 mouse brains.
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13
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Gkekas I, Gioran A, Boziki MK, Grigoriadis N, Chondrogianni N, Petrakis S. Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration: Interconnected Processes in PolyQ Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091450. [PMID: 34573082 PMCID: PMC8471619 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative polyglutamine (polyQ) disorders are caused by trinucleotide repeat expansions within the coding region of disease-causing genes. PolyQ-expanded proteins undergo conformational changes leading to the formation of protein inclusions which are associated with selective neuronal degeneration. Several lines of evidence indicate that these mutant proteins are associated with oxidative stress, proteasome impairment and microglia activation. These events may correlate with the induction of inflammation in the nervous system and disease progression. Here, we review the effect of polyQ-induced oxidative stress in cellular and animal models of polyQ diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the interplay between oxidative stress, neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation using as an example the well-known neuroinflammatory disease, Multiple Sclerosis. Finally, we review some of the pharmaceutical interventions which may delay the onset and progression of polyQ disorders by targeting disease-associated mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Gkekas
- Institute of Applied Biosciences/Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Anna Gioran
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece; (A.G.); (N.C.)
| | - Marina Kleopatra Boziki
- 2nd Neurological Department, AHEPA University General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.K.B.); (N.G.)
| | - Nikolaos Grigoriadis
- 2nd Neurological Department, AHEPA University General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.K.B.); (N.G.)
| | - Niki Chondrogianni
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece; (A.G.); (N.C.)
| | - Spyros Petrakis
- Institute of Applied Biosciences/Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2311257525
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14
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Huang M, Chen S. DJ-1 in neurodegenerative diseases: Pathogenesis and clinical application. Prog Neurobiol 2021; 204:102114. [PMID: 34174373 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2021.102114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are one of the major health threats to human characterized by selective and progressive neuronal loss. The mechanisms of NDs are still not fully understood. The study of genetic defects and disease-related proteins offers us a window into the mystery of it, and the extension of knowledge indicates that different NDs share similar features, mechanisms, and even genetic or protein abnormalities. Among these findings, PARK7 and its production DJ-1 protein, which was initially found implicated in PD, have also been found altered in other NDs. PARK7 mutations, altered expression and posttranslational modification (PTM) cause DJ-1 abnormalities, which in turn lead to downstream mechanisms shared by most NDs, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, protein aggregation, autophagy defects, and so on. The knowledge of DJ-1 derived from PD researches might apply to other NDs in both basic research and clinical application, and might yield novel insights into and alternative approaches for dealing with NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoxin Huang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengdi Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China; Lab for Translational Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Immunochemistry, Shanghai Tech University, 201210, Shanghai, China.
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15
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Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) is a physical technique used to identify specific chemicals and molecules by precise analysis of their mass and charge; this technology has been adapted for biological sciences applications. Investigators have used MS to identify differential expressions of proteins in Huntington’s disease (HD), to discover Huntingtin (HTT) interacting proteins and to analyze HTT proteoforms. Using systems biology and computational approaches, data from MS screens have been leveraged to find differentially expressed pathways. This review summarizes the data from most of the MS studies done in the HD field in the last 20 years and compares it to the protein data reported before the use of MS technology. The MS results validate early findings in the field such as differential expression of PDE10a and DARPP-32 and identify new changes. We offer a perspective on the MS approach in HD, particularly for identification of disease pathways, the challenges in interpreting data across different studies, and its application to protein studies moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Seeley
- Laboratory of Cellular Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly B Kegel-Gleason
- Laboratory of Cellular Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
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16
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Odnokoz O, Nakatsuka K, Wright C, Castellanos J, Klichko VI, Kretzschmar D, Orr WC, Radyuk SN. Mitochondrial Redox Signaling Is Critical to the Normal Functioning of the Neuronal System. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:613036. [PMID: 33585478 PMCID: PMC7876342 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.613036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction often leads to neurodegeneration and is considered one of the main causes of neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other age-related diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction is tightly linked to oxidative stress and accumulating evidence suggests the association between oxidative stress and neurological disorders. However, there is insufficient knowledge about the role of pro-oxidative shift in cellular redox and impairment of redox-sensitive signaling in the development of neurodegenerative pathological conditions. To gain a more complete understanding of the relationship between mitochondria, redox status, and neurodegenerative disorders, we investigated the effect of mitochondrial thiol-dependent peroxidases, peroxiredoxins (Prxs), on the physiological characteristics of flies, which change with pathologies such as PD, ALS and during aging. We previously found that through their ability to sense changes in redox and regulate redox-sensitive signaling, Prxs play a critical role in maintaining global thiol homeostasis, preventing age-related apoptosis and chronic activation of the immune response. We also found that the phenotype of flies under-expressing Prxs in mitochondria shares many characteristics with the phenotype of Drosophila models of neurological disorders such as ALS, including impaired locomotor activity and compromised redox balance. Here, we expanded the study and found that under-expression of mitochondrial Prxs leads to behavioral changes associated with neural function, including locomotor ability, sleep-wake behavior, and temperature-sensitive paralysis. We also found that under-expression of mitochondrial Prxs with a motor-neuron-specific driver, D42-GAL4, was a determining factor in the development of the phenotype of shortened lifespan and impaired motor activity in flies. The results of the study suggest a causal link between mitochondrial Prx activity and the development of neurological disorders and pre-mature aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Odnokoz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Kyle Nakatsuka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Corbin Wright
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Jovelyn Castellanos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Vladimir I Klichko
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Doris Kretzschmar
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - William C Orr
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Svetlana N Radyuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, United States
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17
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Szeliga M. Peroxiredoxins in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1203. [PMID: 33265993 PMCID: PMC7761365 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial evidence indicates that oxidative/nitrosative stress contributes to the neurodegenerative diseases. Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) are one of the enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms neutralizing reactive oxygen/nitrogen species. Since mammalian PRDXs were identified 30 years ago, their significance was long overshadowed by the other well-studied ROS/RNS defense systems. An increasing number of studies suggests that these enzymes may be involved in the neurodegenerative process. This article reviews the current knowledge on the expression and putative roles of PRDXs in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Huntington's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Szeliga
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Department of Neurotoxicology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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18
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Protein changes in synaptosomes of Huntington's disease knock-in mice are dependent on age and brain region. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 141:104950. [PMID: 32439598 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular changes at synapses are thought to underly the deficits in motor and cognitive dysfunction seen in Huntington's disease (HD). Previously we showed in synaptosome preparations age dependent changes in levels of selected proteins examined by western blot assay in the striatum of Q140/Q140 HD mice. To assess if CAG repeat length influenced protein changes at the synapse, we examined synaptosomes from 6-month old heterozygote HD mice with CAG repeat lengths ranging from 50 to 175. Analysis of 19 selected proteins showed that increasing CAG repeat length in huntingtin (HTT) increased the number of affected proteins in HD striatal synaptosomes. Moreover, SDS-soluble total HTT (WT plus mutant HTT) and pThr3 HTT were reduced with increasing CAG repeat length, and there was no pSer421 mutant HTT detected in any HD mice. A LC-MS/MS and bioinfomatics study of synaptosomes from 2 and 6-month old striatum and cortex of Q140/Q7 HD mice showed enrichment of synaptic proteins and an influence of age, gender and brain region on the number of protein changes. HD striatum at 6 months had the most protein changes that included many HTT protein interactors, followed by 2-month old HD striatum, 2-month old HD cortex and 6-month HD cortex. SDS-insoluble mutant HTT was detected in HD striatal synaptosomes consistent with the presence of aggregates. Proteins changed in cortex differed from those in striatum. Pathways affected in HD striatal synaptosomes that were not identified in whole striatal lysates of the same HD mouse model included axon guidance, focal adhesion, neurotrophin signaling, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, endocytosis, and synaptic vesicle cycle. Results suggest that synaptosomes prepared from HD mice are highly informative for monitoring protein changes at the synapse and may be preferred for assessing the effects of experimental therapies on synaptic function in HD.
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La Rosa P, Petrillo S, Bertini ES, Piemonte F. Oxidative Stress in DNA Repeat Expansion Disorders: A Focus on NRF2 Signaling Involvement. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10050702. [PMID: 32369911 PMCID: PMC7277112 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA repeat expansion disorders are a group of neuromuscular and neurodegenerative diseases that arise from the inheritance of long tracts of nucleotide repetitions, located in the regulatory region, introns, or inside the coding sequence of a gene. Although loss of protein expression and/or the gain of function of its transcribed mRNA or translated product represent the major pathogenic effect of these pathologies, mitochondrial dysfunction and imbalance in redox homeostasis are reported as common features in these disorders, deeply affecting their severity and progression. In this review, we examine the role that the redox imbalance plays in the pathological mechanisms of DNA expansion disorders and the recent advances on antioxidant treatments, particularly focusing on the expression and the activity of the transcription factor NRF2, the main cellular regulator of the antioxidant response.
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20
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Dard L, Blanchard W, Hubert C, Lacombe D, Rossignol R. Mitochondrial functions and rare diseases. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 71:100842. [PMID: 32029308 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2019.100842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic cellular organelles responsible for a large variety of biochemical processes as energy transduction, REDOX signaling, the biosynthesis of hormones and vitamins, inflammation or cell death execution. Cell biology studies established that 1158 human genes encode proteins localized to mitochondria, as registered in MITOCARTA. Clinical studies showed that a large number of these mitochondrial proteins can be altered in expression and function through genetic, epigenetic or biochemical mechanisms including the interaction with environmental toxics or iatrogenic medicine. As a result, pathogenic mitochondrial genetic and functional defects participate to the onset and the progression of a growing number of rare diseases. In this review we provide an exhaustive survey of the biochemical, genetic and clinical studies that demonstrated the implication of mitochondrial dysfunction in human rare diseases. We discuss the striking diversity of the symptoms caused by mitochondrial dysfunction and the strategies proposed for mitochondrial therapy, including a survey of ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Dard
- Bordeaux University, 33000, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1211, 33000, Bordeaux, France; CELLOMET, CGFB-146 Rue Léo Saignat, Bordeaux, France
| | - W Blanchard
- Bordeaux University, 33000, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1211, 33000, Bordeaux, France; CELLOMET, CGFB-146 Rue Léo Saignat, Bordeaux, France
| | - C Hubert
- Bordeaux University, 33000, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1211, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - D Lacombe
- Bordeaux University, 33000, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1211, 33000, Bordeaux, France; CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Génétique Médicale, F-33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - R Rossignol
- Bordeaux University, 33000, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1211, 33000, Bordeaux, France; CELLOMET, CGFB-146 Rue Léo Saignat, Bordeaux, France.
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