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Rasitanon N, Veenuttranon K, Thandar Lwin H, Kaewpradub K, Phairatana T, Jeerapan I. Redox-Mediated Gold Nanoparticles with Glucose Oxidase and Egg White Proteins for Printed Biosensors and Biofuel Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054657. [PMID: 36902087 PMCID: PMC10002497 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose oxidase (GOx)-based electrodes are important for bioelectronics, such as glucose sensors. It is challenging to effectively link GOx with nanomaterial-modified electrodes while preserving enzyme activity in a biocompatible environment. To date, no reports have used biocompatible food-based materials, such as egg white proteins, combined with GOx, redox molecules, and nanoparticles to create the biorecognition layer for biosensors and biofuel cells. This article demonstrates the interface of GOx integrated with egg white proteins on a 5 nm gold nanoparticle (AuNP) functionalized with a 1,4-naphthoquinone (NQ) and conjugated with a screen-printed flexible conductive carbon nanotube (CNT)-modified electrode. Egg white proteins containing ovalbumin can form three-dimensional scaffolds to accommodate immobilized enzymes and adjust the analytical performance. The structure of this biointerface prevents the escape of enzymes and provides a suitable microenvironment for the effective reaction. The bioelectrode's performance and kinetics were evaluated. Using redox-mediated molecules with the AuNPs and the three-dimensional matrix made of egg white proteins improves the transfer of electrons between the electrode and the redox center. By engineering the layer of egg white proteins on the GOx-NQ-AuNPs-mediated CNT-functionalized electrodes, we can modulate analytical performances such as sensitivity and linear range. The bioelectrodes demonstrate high sensitivity and can prolong the stability by more than 85% after 6 h of continuous operation. The use of food-based proteins with redox molecule-modified AuNPs and printed electrodes demonstrates advantages for biosensors and energy devices due to their small size, large surface area, and ease of modification. This concept holds a promise for creating biocompatible electrodes for biosensors and self-sustaining energy devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natcha Rasitanon
- Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Kornautchaya Veenuttranon
- Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Hnin Thandar Lwin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Kanyawee Kaewpradub
- Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Tonghathai Phairatana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Itthipon Jeerapan
- Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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Sampaio CS, Angelotti JAF, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Hirata DB. Lipase immobilization via cross-linked enzyme aggregates: Problems and prospects - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 215:434-449. [PMID: 35752332 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In this review we have focused on the preparation of cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) from lipases, as these are among the most used enzyme in bioprocesses. This immobilization method is considered very attractive due to preparation simplicity, non-use of supports and the possibility of using crude enzyme extracts. CLEAs provide lipase stabilization under extreme temperature or pH conditions or in the presence of organic solvents, in addition to preventing enzyme leaching in aqueous medium. However, it presents some problems in the preparation and limitations in their use. The problems in preparation refer mainly to the crosslinking step, and may be solved using an aminated feeder. The problems in handling have been tackled designing magnetic-CLEAs or trapping the CLEAs in particles with better mechanical properties, the substrate diffusion problems has been reduced by producing more porous-CLEAs, etc. The enzyme co-immobilization using combi-CLEAs is also a new tendency. Therefore, this review explores the CLEAs methodology aimed at lipase immobilization and its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila S Sampaio
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Alfenas, 37130-001 Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Joelise A F Angelotti
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Alfenas, 37130-001 Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Department of Biocatalysis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, Member of The External Scientific Advisory Board, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Daniela B Hirata
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Alfenas, 37130-001 Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
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Chen N, Chang B, Shi N, Yan W, Lu F, Liu F. Cross-linked enzyme aggregates immobilization: preparation, characterization, and applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2022; 43:369-383. [PMID: 35430938 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2038073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes are commonly used as biocatalysts for various biological and chemical processes. However, some major drawbacks of free enzymes (e.g. poor reusability and instability) significantly restrict their industrial practices. How to overcome these weaknesses remain considerable challenges. Enzyme immobilization is one of the most effective ways to improve the reusability and stability of enzymes. Cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) has been known as a novel and versatile carrier-free immobilization method. CLEAs is attractive due to its simplicity and robustness, without purification. It generally shows: high catalytic specificity and selectivity, good operational and storage stabilities, and good reusability. Moreover, co-immobilization of different kinds of enzymes can be acquired. These CLEAs advantages provide opportunities for further industrial applications. Herein, the preparation parameters of CLEAs were first summarized. Next, characterization of structural and catalytic properties, stability and reusability are also proposed. Finally, some important applications of this technique in: environmental protection, industrial chemistry, food industry, and pharmaceutical synthesis and delivery are introduced. Potential challenges and future research directions, such as improving cross-linking efficiency and internal mass transfer efficiency, are also presented. This implies that CLEAs provide an efficient and feasible technique to improve the properties of enzymes for use in the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Baogen Chang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Nian Shi
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Wenxing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Fuping Lu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Fufeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
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Charoenwongpaiboon T, Wangpaiboon K, Pichyangkura R. Cross-linked levansucrase aggregates for fructooligosaccharide synthesis in fruit juices. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Enzymatic clarification of orange juice in continuous bed reactors: Fluidized-bed versus packed-bed reactor. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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Saikia K, Rathankumar AK, Vaithyanathan VK, Cabana H, Vaidyanathan VK. Preparation of highly diffusible porous cross-linked lipase B from Candida antarctica conjugates: Advances in mass transfer and application in transesterification of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 170:583-592. [PMID: 33385453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The present work pronounces the three phase partitioning (TPP)-facilitated preparation of porous cross-linked Candida antarctica lipase B (CaLB) aggregates (pCLEAs) for 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) esters synthesis. CLEAs and pCLEAs of CaLB were prepared with eupergit as the support under the optimized conditions of pH 8.0, eupergit/protein ratio of 3.0:1.0, 50 mM cross-linker concentration and 3.3 mg/mL BSA concentration in 4 h. The optimum starch concentration for pCLEAs was 0.20%, m/v. The maximum biocatalytic load was 650 U/g (CLEAs) and 721 U/g (pCLEAs), and the immobilized biocatalysts were stable over a pH range of 6.0-9.0 and temperature range of (40-60)°C. The BET surface area of CLEAs and pCLEAs were 21.3 and 29.1 m2/g, respectively, and the catalytic efficiency of pCLEAs was 2.2-fold higher than that of CLEAs. Subsequently, the pCLEAs of CaLB were utilized for the manufacturing of industrially significant HMF esters. Under the optimized transesterification conditions, HMF conversion with pCLEAs CaLB was 1.41- and 1.25-fold higher than with free and CLEAs CaLB, respectively. The pCLEAs were reused upto 8 consecutive transesterification cycles and the produced HMF esters reduced the surface tension of water from 72 mN/m to 32.6 mN/m, proving its potential application as surface-active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kongkona Saikia
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu 603 203, India; Laboratoire de génie de l'environnement, Faculté de génie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Abiram Karanam Rathankumar
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu 603 203, India; Laboratoire de génie de l'environnement, Faculté de génie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Vasanth Kumar Vaithyanathan
- Laboratoire de génie de l'environnement, Faculté de génie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Hubert Cabana
- Laboratoire de génie de l'environnement, Faculté de génie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Vinoth Kumar Vaidyanathan
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu 603 203, India; Laboratoire de génie de l'environnement, Faculté de génie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada.
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Mukundan S, Melo JS, Sen D, Bahadur J. Enhancement in β-galactosidase activity of Streptococcus lactis cells by entrapping in microcapsules comprising of correlated silica nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 195:111245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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8
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Mechanically stable egg white protein based immobilization carrier for β-D-galactosidase: Thermodynamics and application in whey lactose hydrolysis. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Otari SV, Patel SKS, Kalia VC, Lee JK. One-step hydrothermal synthesis of magnetic rice straw for effective lipase immobilization and its application in esterification reaction. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 302:122887. [PMID: 32018086 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Immobilization of industrially important enzymes on supports is important to decrease the cost of the overall enzymatic production procedure. Herein, a novel method for synthesizing a new support, magnetic rice straw (MRS) in one step is reported: rice straw (RS) was soaked with Fe2+ ions and these were further reduced to form embedded Fe2O3 nanoparticles on the RS surface, forming MRS. This material presented a magnetic saturation value of 27.32 emu g-1. Lipase immobilization on MRS resulted in 94.3% immobilization efficiency and 91.3 mg g-1 of enzyme loading, which are higher than immobilization on native RS. The lipase stability was increased approximately 8-fold at 70 °C. The lipase-MRS composite was tested in the esterification reaction of biodiesel production, where it showed prominent reusability. Therefore, this novel and rapid synthesis method can provide ecological and economic support for enzyme immobilization and industrially important product formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin V Otari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanjay K S Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Vipin Chandra Kalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Mishra A, Melo JS, Agrawal A, Kashyap Y, Sen D. Preparation and application of silica nanoparticles-Ocimum basilicum seeds bio-hybrid for the efficient immobilization of invertase enzyme. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 188:110796. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.110796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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Abdul Wahab MKH, El-Enshasy HA, Bakar FDA, Murad AMA, Jahim JM, Illias RM. Improvement of cross-linking and stability on cross-linked enzyme aggregate (CLEA)-xylanase by protein surface engineering. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Preparation of Cross-Linked Enzyme Aggregates (CLEAs) of an Inulosucrase Mutant for the Enzymatic Synthesis of Inulin-Type Fructooligosaccharides. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9080641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fructooligosaccharides are well-known carbohydrate molecules that exhibit good probiotic activity and are widely used as sweeteners. Inulin-type fructooligosaccharides (IFOs) can be synthesized from sucrose using inulosucrase. In this study, cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) of Lactobacillus reuteri 121 inulosucrase (R483A-LrInu) were prepared and used as a biocatalyst for IFOs production. Under optimum conditions, R483A-LrInu CLEAs retained 42% of original inulosucrase activity. Biochemical characterization demonstrated that the optimum pH of inulosucrase changed from 5 to 4 after immobilization, while the optimum temperature was unchanged. Furthermore, the pH stability and thermostability of the R483A-LrInu CLEAs was significantly improved. IFOs product characterization indicated that the product specificity of the enzyme was impacted by CLEA generation, producing a narrower range of IFOs than the soluble enzyme. In addition, the R483A-LrInu CLEAs showed operational stability in the batch synthesis of IFOs.
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Abstract
Biocatalysis has emerged in the last decade as a pre-eminent technology for enabling the envisaged transition to a more sustainable bio-based economy. For industrial viability it is essential that enzymes can be readily recovered and recycled by immobilization as solid, recyclable catalysts. One method to achieve this is via carrier-free immobilization as cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs). This methodology proved to be very effective with a broad selection of enzymes, in particular carbohydrate-converting enzymes. Methods for optimizing CLEA preparations by, for example, adding proteic feeders to promote cross-linking, and strategies for making the pores accessible for macromolecular substrates are critically reviewed and compared. Co-immobilization of two or more enzymes in combi-CLEAs enables the cost-effective use of multiple enzymes in biocatalytic cascade processes and the use of “smart” magnetic CLEAs to separate the immobilized enzyme from other solids has raised the CLEA technology to a new level of industrial and environmental relevance. Magnetic-CLEAs of polysaccharide-converting enzymes, for example, are eminently suitable for use in the conversion of first and second generation biomass.
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Doraiswamy N, Sarathi M, Pennathur G. Cross-linked esterase aggregates (CLEAs) using nanoparticles as immobilization matrix. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 49:270-278. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2018.1536993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Crosslinked enzyme aggregates (CLEA) of phytase with soymilk proteins. J Biotechnol 2018; 282:67-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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16
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Dal Magro L, Silveira VC, de Menezes EW, Benvenutti EV, Nicolodi S, Hertz PF, Klein MP, Rodrigues RC. Magnetic biocatalysts of pectinase and cellulase: Synthesis and characterization of two preparations for application in grape juice clarification. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 115:35-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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17
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Combined CLEAs of invertase and soy protein for economically feasible conversion of sucrose in a fed-batch reactor. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lipase Immobilization on Silica Xerogel Treated with Protic Ionic Liquid and its Application in Biodiesel Production from Different Oils. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071829. [PMID: 29933608 PMCID: PMC6073416 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Treated silica xerogel with protic ionic liquid (PIL) and bifunctional agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) is a novel support strategy used in the effective immobilization of lipase from Burkholderia cepacia (LBC) by covalent binding. As biocatalysts with the highest activity recovery yields, LBC immobilized by covalent binding with epichlorohydrin without (203%) and with PIL (250%), was assessed by the following the hydrolysis reaction of olive oil and characterized biochemically (Michaelis⁻Menten constant, optimum pH and temperature, and operational stability). Further, the potential transesterification activity for three substrates: sunflower, soybean, and colza oils, was also determined, achieving a conversion of ethyl esters between 70 and 98%. The supports and the immobilized lipase systems were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis.
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Anwar MZ, Kim DJ, Kumar A, Patel SKS, Otari S, Mardina P, Jeong JH, Sohn JH, Kim JH, Park JT, Lee JK. SnO 2 hollow nanotubes: a novel and efficient support matrix for enzyme immobilization. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15333. [PMID: 29127386 PMCID: PMC5681633 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15550-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A major challenge in the industrial use of enzymes is maintaining their stability at elevated temperatures and in harsh organic solvents. In order to address this issue, we investigated the use of nanotubes as a support material for the immobilization and stabilization of enzymes in this work. SnO2 hollow nanotubes with a high surface area were synthesized by electrospinning the SnCl2 precursor and polyvinylpyrrolidone (dissolved in dimethyl formamide and ethanol). The electrospun product was used for the covalent immobilization of enzymes such as lipase, horseradish peroxidase, and glucose oxidase. The use of SnO2 hollow nanotubes as a support was promising for all immobilized enzymes, with lipase having the highest protein loading value of 217 mg/g, immobilization yield of 93%, and immobilization efficiency of 89%. The immobilized enzymes were fully characterized by various analytical methods. The covalently bonded lipase showed a half-life value of 4.5 h at 70 °C and retained ~91% of its original activity even after 10 repetitive cycles of use. Thus, the SnO2 hollow nanotubes with their high surface area are promising as a support material for the immobilization of enzymes, leading to improved thermal stability and a higher residual activity of the immobilized enzyme under harsh solvent conditions, as compared to the free enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zahid Anwar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanjay K S Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sachin Otari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Primata Mardina
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Jeong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Sohn
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hak Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Tae Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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The effects of porosity and stiffness of genipin cross-linked egg white simulating aged extracellular matrix on proliferation and aggregation of ovarian cancer cells. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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21
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Preparation of cross-linked enzyme aggregates of nitrile hydratase ES-NHT-118 from E. coli by macromolecular cross-linking agent. Chin J Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2016.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Veteikytė A, Šiekštelė R, Tvaska B, Matijošytė I. Sequential application of waste whey as a medium component for Kluyveromyces lactis cultivation and a co-feeder for lipase immobilization by CLEA method. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:3617-3626. [PMID: 28155071 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8131-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Currently, much attention is paid to technologies which can be drivers of the circular economy across different sectors, in particular, to develop technologies for utilization or reusability of biocompatible materials from industrial waste. One of such is the milk whey, which is a cheap biobased raw material, the disposal of which is a major problem for the dairy industry. Our proposed and investigated technology is based on a continuous exploitation of the whey combining microbiology and biotechnology. Primarily, whey was used as a nutrition source for the cultivation of Kluyveromyces lactis with the aim to produce the targeted biocatalyst-lipase. During cultivation, the whey was transformed into the hydrolyzed form, which was further successfully applied as a protein feeder (external linker) for immobilization of lipase by cross-linked enzyme aggregate (CLEA) method. The first time use of whey as a co-feeder for immobilization of enzymes by CLEA method has shown promising results and increased the stability of lipases for temperature and organic solvents. Hydrolysis of rapeseed oil catalyzed with immobilized derivatives was obtained with 45-96% efficiency at non-optimized conditions. Additionally, the determined kinetic parameters indicated that the rate of p-nitrophenyl palmitate hydrolysis was not changed drastically after immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aušra Veteikytė
- Institute of Biotechnology, Sector of Applied Biocatalysis, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rimantas Šiekštelė
- Institute of Biotechnology, Sector of Applied Biocatalysis, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Bronius Tvaska
- JSC Biocentras, V.A. Graičiūno str. 10, LT-02241, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Inga Matijošytė
- Institute of Biotechnology, Sector of Applied Biocatalysis, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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23
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Guo Z, Zhang T, Fang K, Liu P, Li M, Gu N. The effect of porosity and stiffness of glutaraldehyde cross-linked egg white scaffold simulating aged extracellular matrix on distribution and aggregation of ovarian cancer cells. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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24
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An optical microplate biosensor for the detection of methyl parathion pesticide using a biohybrid of Sphingomonas sp. cells-silica nanoparticles. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 87:332-338. [PMID: 27573300 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The previously developed Sphingomonas sp. based optical microplate biosensor for methyl parathion (MP) was good as it detected multiple samples but had poor stability and low sensitivity. The present study aims to overcome these limitations. Silica nanoparticles (Si NP) were thus functionalized with polyethyleneimine (PEI) and the functionalized silica nanoparticles (fSi NP) were then integrated with Sphingomonas sp. cells. The process was optimized for hydrolysis of MP into p-nitrophenol (PNP). Integration of fSi NP with cells was confirmed by FT-IR analysis. Biohybrid of Sphingomonas sp.-fSi NP was immobilized on the wells of microplate and associated directly with the optical transducer of microplate reader. Immobilized biohybrid of Sphingomonas sp.-fSi NP was characterized using SEM. A detection range of 0.1-1ppm MP was achieved from the linear range of calibration plot. After integration with fSi NP the storage stability of biohybrid was enhanced ten times from 18 to 180 days. This study proves that after interaction of cells with fSi NP, improved the sensitivity and stability of the biosensor. Spiked samples were also analyzed and correlated using this biohybrid based biosensor.
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25
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Ji Q, Tan J, Zhu L, Lou D, Wang B. Preparing tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) using a double-enzyme-coupled system. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Solid state fermentation with recovery of Amyloglucosidase from extract by direct immobilization in cross linked enzyme aggregate for starch hydrolysis. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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27
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Improved Enzyme Catalytic Characteristics upon Glutaraldehyde Cross-Linking of Alginate Entrapped Xylanase Isolated from Aspergillus flavus MTCC 9390. Enzyme Res 2015; 2015:210784. [PMID: 26347814 PMCID: PMC4549544 DOI: 10.1155/2015/210784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purified fungal xylanase was entrapped in alginate beads. Its further cross-linking using glutaraldehyde resulted in large enzyme aggregates which may function as both a catalyst and a support material for numerous substrate molecules. Enzyme cross-linking presented a negative impact on enzyme leaching during repeated washings and recovery of enzyme activity was substantial after twelve cycles of usage. The entrapment followed by cross-linking doubled the total bound activity and also greatly improved the enzyme stability at extreme chemical environment. The wide pH stability, better thermo- and storage stability, lowered Km value, and protection from some metal ions are salient achievements of present immobilization. The study shows the efficacy, durability, and sustainability of immobilized catalytic system which could be efficiently used for various juice processing operations.
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28
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Zhang WW, Yang XL, Jia JQ, Wang N, Hu CL, Yu XQ. Surfactant-activated magnetic cross-linked enzyme aggregates (magnetic CLEAs) of Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase for biodiesel production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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29
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Evaluation of cross-linked enzyme aggregates of Lactobacillus cell-envelope proteinases, for protein degradation. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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30
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One-Pot Lipase Entrapment Within Silica Particles to Prepare a Stable and Reusable Biocatalyst for Transesterification. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-015-2630-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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31
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Saini AS, Tripathi A, Melo JS. On-column enzymatic synthesis of melanin nanoparticles using cryogenic poly(AAM-co-AGE) monolith and its free radical scavenging and electro-catalytic properties. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra18965a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
“Novel approach for biosynthesis of melanin nanoparticles by sequestrial biotransformation of l-DOPA using immobilized tyrosinase enzyme in macroporous poly(AAm-co-AGE) monolith”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amardeep Singh Saini
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
| | - Anuj Tripathi
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
| | - Jose Savio Melo
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
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32
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Khanahmadi S, Yusof F, Amid A, Mahmod SS, Mahat MK. Optimized preparation and characterization of CLEA-lipase from cocoa pod husk. J Biotechnol 2014; 202:153-61. [PMID: 25481099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cross-linked enzyme aggregate (CLEA) is easily prepared from crude enzyme and has many advantages to the environment and it is considered as an economic method in the context of industrial biocatalysis compared to free enzyme. In this work, a highly active and stable CLEA-lipase from cocoa pod husk (CPH) which is a by-product after removal of cocoa beans, were assayed for their hydrolytic activity and characterized under the optimum condition successfully. Face centered central composite design (FCCCD) under response surface methodology (RSM) was used to get the optimal conditions of the three significant factors (concentration of ammonium sulfate, concentration of glutaraldehyde and concentration of additive) to achieve higher enzyme activity of CLEA. From 20 runs, the highest activity recorded was around 9.407U (83% recovered activity) under the condition of using 20% saturated ammonium sulfate, 60mM glutaraldehyde as cross-linker and 0.17mM bovine serum albumin as feeder. Moreover, the optimal reaction temperature and pH value in enzymatic reaction for both crude enzyme and immobilized were found to be 45°C at pH 8 and 60°C at pH 8.2, respectively. A systematic study of the stability of CLEA and crude enzyme was taken with regards to temperature (25-60°C) and pH (5-10) value and in both factors, CLEA-lipase showed more stability than free lipase. The Km value of CLEA was higher compared to free enzyme (0.55mM vs. 0.08mM). The CLEA retained more than 60% of the initial activity after six cycles of reuse compared to free enzyme. The high stability and recyclability of CLEA-lipase from CPH make it efficient for different industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soofia Khanahmadi
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, PO Box 10, 50728 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Faridah Yusof
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, PO Box 10, 50728 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azura Amid
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, PO Box 10, 50728 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Safa Senan Mahmod
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, PO Box 10, 50728 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Khairizal Mahat
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, PO Box 10, 50728 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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33
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Silk-Cocoon Matrix Immobilized Lipase Catalyzed Transesterification of Sunflower Oil for Production of Biodiesel. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/868535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biodiesel from sunflower oil using lipase chemically immobilized on silk-cocoon matrix in a packed-bed bioreactor was investigated. The immobilization was demonstrated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy and activity study. The lipase loading was 738.74 U (~0.01 g lipase powder)/g-lipase-immobilized matrix. The Km (Michaelis-Menten constant) of the free and the immobilized lipase was 451.26 μM and 257.26 μM, respectively. Low Km value of the immobilized lipase is attributed to the hydrophobic nature of the matrix that facilitated the substrate diffusion to the enzyme surface. The biodiesel yield of 81.62% was obtained at 48 hours reaction time, 6 : 1 methanol : oil ratio (v/v), and 30°C. The immobilized lipase showed high operational stability at 30°C. The substrate conversion was only marginally decreased till third cycle (each of 48 hours duration) of the reaction since less than even 5% of the original activity was decreased in each of the second and third cycle. The findings demonstrated the potential of the silk-cocoon as lipase immobilization matrix for industrial production of biodiesel.
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34
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Jiang Y, Wang Q, He Y, Zhou L, Gao J. Co-aggregation of Laccase and Nature Egg White: a Simple Method to Prepare Stable and Recyclable Biocatalyst. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 172:2496-506. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0697-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Barbosa O, Ortiz C, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Torres R, Rodrigues RC, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Glutaraldehyde in bio-catalysts design: a useful crosslinker and a versatile tool in enzyme immobilization. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45991h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 571] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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36
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Rodrigues RC, Barbosa O, Ortiz C, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Torres R, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Amination of enzymes to improve biocatalyst performance: coupling genetic modification and physicochemical tools. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04625k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvement of the features of an enzyme is in many instances a pre-requisite for the industrial implementation of these exceedingly interesting biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael C. Rodrigues
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Technology Lab
- Institute of Food Science and Technology
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
- Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Oveimar Barbosa
- Escuela de Química
- Grupo de investigación en Bioquímica y Microbiología (GIBIM)
- Edificio Camilo Torres 210
- Universidad Industrial de Santander
- Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Claudia Ortiz
- Escuela de Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico
- Universidad Industrial de Santander
- Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Ángel Berenguer-Murcia
- Instituto Universitario de Materiales
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Universidad de Alicante
- Ap. 99-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Torres
- Escuela de Química
- Grupo de investigación en Bioquímica y Microbiología (GIBIM)
- Edificio Camilo Torres 210
- Universidad Industrial de Santander
- Bucaramanga, Colombia
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37
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Cabrera-Padilla RY, Albuquerque M, Figueiredo RT, Fricks AT, Franceschi E, Lima AS, A Dos Santos OA, Silva DP, Soares CMF. Immobilization and characterisation of a lipase from a new source, Bacillus sp. ITP-001. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2013; 36:1385-94. [PMID: 23673896 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-012-0875-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A new source of lipase from Bacillus sp. ITP-001 was immobilized by physical adsorption on the polymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) in aqueous solution. The support and immobilized lipase were characterised, compared to the lyophilised lipase, with regard to the specific surface area, adsorption-desorption isotherms, pore volume (V(p)) and size (dp) by nitrogen adsorption, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, chemical composition analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and biochemical properties. The immobilized enzyme displayed a shift in optimum pH towards the acidic side with an optimum at pH 4.0, whereas the optimum pH for the free enzyme was at pH 7.0; the optimum temperature of activity was 80 and 37 °C for the free and immobilized enzyme, respectively. The inactivation rate constant for the immobilized enzyme at 37 °C was 0.0038 h⁻¹ and the half-life was 182.41 h. The kinetic parameters obtained for the immobilized enzyme gave a Michaelis-Menten constant (K(m)) of 49.10 mM and a maximum reaction velocity (V(max)) of 205.03 U/g. Furthermore, the reuse of the lipase immobilized by adsorption allowed us to observe that it could be reused for 10 successive cycles, duration of each cycle (1 h), maintaining 33 % of the initial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Y Cabrera-Padilla
- Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Bairro Farolândia, 49032-490, Aracaju-SE, Brazil
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38
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Talekar S, Joshi A, Joshi G, Kamat P, Haripurkar R, Kambale S. Parameters in preparation and characterization of cross linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs). RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40818c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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39
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Galvis M, Barbosa O, Ruiz M, Cruz J, Ortiz C, Torres R, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Chemical amination of lipase B from Candida antarctica is an efficient solution for the preparation of crosslinked enzyme aggregates. Process Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2012.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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40
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Talekar S, Ghodake V, Ghotage T, Rathod P, Deshmukh P, Nadar S, Mulla M, Ladole M. Novel magnetic cross-linked enzyme aggregates (magnetic CLEAs) of alpha amylase. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 123:542-7. [PMID: 22944488 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Novel magnetic cross-linked enzyme aggregates of alpha amylase were prepared by chemical cross-linking of enzyme aggregates with amino functionalized magnetite nanoparticles which can be separated from reaction mixture using magnetic field. Of the initially applied alpha amylase activity 100% was recovered in magnetic CLEAs, whereas only 45% was recovered in CLEAs due to the low content of Lys residues in alpha amylase. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that CLEAs and magnetic CLEAs were spherical structures. The CLEAs and magnetic CLEAs displayed a shift in optimal pH towards the acidic side, whereas optimal temperature of magnetic CLEAs was improved compared to free enzyme and CLEAs. Although V(max) of enzyme in CLEAs and magnetic CLEAs did not change, substrate affinity of the enzyme increased. The magnetic CLEAs also enhanced the thermal stability and storage stability. Moreover, the magnetic CLEAs retained 100% initial activity even after 6 cycles of reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Talekar
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Kolhapur Institute of Technology's College of Engineering, Kolhapur 416 234, India.
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41
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Cruz J, Barbosa O, Rodrigues RC, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Torres R, Ortiz C. Optimized preparation of CALB-CLEAs by response surface methodology: The necessity to employ a feeder to have an effective crosslinking. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2012.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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42
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Nwagu TN, Aoyagi H, Okolo BN, Yoshida S. Immobilization of a saccharifying raw starch hydrolyzing enzyme on functionalized and non-functionalized sepa beads. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2012.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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43
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Cabrera-Padilla RY, Lisboa MC, Fricks AT, Franceschi E, Lima AS, Silva DP, Soares CMF. Immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate): a new eco-friendly support. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 39:289-98. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-011-1027-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The overall objective of this study is to evaluate the morphological [scanning electron microscopy (SEM)], physicochemical [differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), chemical composition analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)], and biochemical properties of Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) immobilized on a natural biopolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) in aqueous solution. CRL was immobilized by physical adsorption with efficiency of 30%. Compared with free CRL enzyme, there were slight changes in immobilized CRL activity as a function of temperature (from 37°C to 45°C), but a similar optimal pH value of 7.0. Inactivation rate constants for immobilized CRL enzyme were 0.009 and 0.334 h−1, and half-lives were 77 and 2 h at 40°C and 60°C, respectively. Kinetic parameters obtained for immobilized CRL include the Michaelis–Menten constant of K m = 213.18 mM and maximum reaction velocity of V max = 318.62 U/g. The operational stability of immobilized CRL was tested repeatedly, and after 12 cycles of reuse, the enzyme retained 50% activity. Based on our results, we propose that PHBV-immobilized CRL could serve as a promising biocatalyst in several industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Y Cabrera-Padilla
- grid.442005.7 Universidade Tiradentes Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Bairro Farolândia 49032-490 Aracaju SE Brazil
| | - Milena C Lisboa
- grid.442005.7 Universidade Tiradentes Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Bairro Farolândia 49032-490 Aracaju SE Brazil
| | - Alini T Fricks
- grid.442005.7 Universidade Tiradentes Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Bairro Farolândia 49032-490 Aracaju SE Brazil
- grid.466823.d Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Prédio do ITP, Bairro Farolândia 49032-490 Aracaju SE Brazil
| | - Elton Franceschi
- grid.442005.7 Universidade Tiradentes Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Bairro Farolândia 49032-490 Aracaju SE Brazil
- grid.466823.d Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Prédio do ITP, Bairro Farolândia 49032-490 Aracaju SE Brazil
| | - Alvaro S Lima
- grid.442005.7 Universidade Tiradentes Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Bairro Farolândia 49032-490 Aracaju SE Brazil
- grid.466823.d Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Prédio do ITP, Bairro Farolândia 49032-490 Aracaju SE Brazil
| | - Daniel P Silva
- grid.442005.7 Universidade Tiradentes Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Bairro Farolândia 49032-490 Aracaju SE Brazil
- grid.466823.d Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Prédio do ITP, Bairro Farolândia 49032-490 Aracaju SE Brazil
| | - Cleide M F Soares
- grid.442005.7 Universidade Tiradentes Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Bairro Farolândia 49032-490 Aracaju SE Brazil
- grid.466823.d Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Prédio do ITP, Bairro Farolândia 49032-490 Aracaju SE Brazil
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44
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Karimpil JJ, Melo JS, D'Souza SF. Immobilization of lipase on cotton cloth using the layer-by-layer self-assembly technique. Int J Biol Macromol 2011; 50:300-2. [PMID: 22062119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus was assembled into multiple layers on polyethylenimine treated cotton flannel cloth, utilising the enzymes property of forming bimolecular aggregates via layer-by-layer (LBL) immobilization technique. An increase in lipase activity with increasing enzyme layers confirmed lipase aggregation. A study to compare the activity of enzyme bound by classical LBL technique, containing alternate layers of polyethylenimine and lipase and the modified approach indicated above, showed that more enzyme was bound to cloth in the modified approach. A total of 13 U/cm(2) of enzyme were bound to cloth till the fifth layer whereas only 10.2 U/cm(2) were bound till the fifth bilayer in the classical approach. The successful assembly of lipase molecules has shown that this modified technique is a promising approach to immobilize enzymes that aggregate through hydrophobic interactions as nano-films on cloth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joceline J Karimpil
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N. Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Kenneth J. Balkus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
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