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Nisco A, Tolomeo M, Scalise M, Zanier K, Barile M. Exploring the impact of flavin homeostasis on cancer cell metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189149. [PMID: 38971209 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Flavins and their associated proteins have recently emerged as compelling players in the landscape of cancer biology. Flavins, encompassing flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), serve as coenzymes in a multitude of cellular processes, such as metabolism, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. Their involvement in oxidative phosphorylation, redox homeostasis, and enzymatic reactions has long been recognized. However, recent research has unveiled an extended role for flavins in the context of cancer. In parallel, riboflavin transporters (RFVTs), FAD synthase (FADS), and riboflavin kinase (RFK) have gained prominence in cancer research. These proteins, responsible for riboflavin uptake, FAD biosynthesis, and FMN generation, are integral components of the cellular machinery that governs flavin homeostasis. Dysregulation in the expression/function of these proteins has been associated with various cancers, underscoring their potential as diagnostic markers, therapeutic targets, and key determinants of cancer cell behavior. This review embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the multifaceted role of flavins and of the flavoproteins involved in nucleus-mitochondria crosstalk in cancer. We journey through the influence of flavins on cancer cell energetics, the modulation of RFVTs in malignant transformation, the diagnostic and prognostic significance of FADS, and the implications of RFK in drug resistance and apoptosis. This review also underscores the potential of these molecules and processes as targets for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, offering new avenues for the battle against this relentless disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Nisco
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
| | - Maria Tolomeo
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Department of DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Mariafrancesca Scalise
- Department of DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Katia Zanier
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling (CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7242), Ecole Superieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Maria Barile
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy.
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2
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Cwerman-Thibault H, Malko-Baverel V, Le Guilloux G, Ratcliffe E, Mouri D, Torres-Cuevas I, Millán I, Saubaméa B, Mignon V, Boespflug-Tanguy O, Gressens P, Corral-Debrinski M. Neuroglobin overexpression in cerebellar neurons of Harlequin mice improves mitochondrial homeostasis and reduces ataxic behavior. Mol Ther 2024; 32:2150-2175. [PMID: 38796706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroglobin, a member of the globin superfamily, is abundant in the brain, retina, and cerebellum of mammals and localizes to mitochondria. The protein exhibits neuroprotective capacities by participating in electron transfer, oxygen supply, and protecting against oxidative stress. Our objective was to determine whether neuroglobin overexpression can be used to treat neurological disorders. We chose Harlequin mice, which harbor a retroviral insertion in the first intron of the apoptosis-inducing factor gene resulting in the depletion of the corresponding protein essential for mitochondrial biogenesis. Consequently, Harlequin mice display degeneration of the cerebellum and suffer from progressive blindness and ataxia. Cerebellar ataxia begins in Harlequin mice at the age of 4 months and is characterized by neuronal cell disappearance, bioenergetics failure, and motor and cognitive impairments, which aggravated with aging. Mice aged 2 months received adeno-associated viral vectors harboring the coding sequence of neuroglobin or apoptosis-inducing factor in both cerebellar hemispheres. Six months later, Harlequin mice exhibited substantial improvements in motor and cognitive skills; probably linked to the preservation of respiratory chain function, Purkinje cell numbers and connectivity. Thus, without sharing functional properties with apoptosis-inducing factor, neuroglobin was efficient in reducing ataxia in Harlequin mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Cwerman-Thibault
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires, F-75019 Paris, France
| | - Vassilissa Malko-Baverel
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires, F-75019 Paris, France
| | - Gwendoline Le Guilloux
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires, F-75019 Paris, France
| | - Edward Ratcliffe
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires, F-75019 Paris, France
| | - Djmila Mouri
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires, F-75019 Paris, France
| | - Isabel Torres-Cuevas
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires, F-75019 Paris, France; Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ivan Millán
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires, F-75019 Paris, France; Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Bruno Saubaméa
- Université Paris Cité, Platform of Cellular and Molecular Imaging (PICMO), US25 Inserm, UAR3612 CNRS, 75006 Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, UMR-S 1144 Inserm, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Virginie Mignon
- Université Paris Cité, Platform of Cellular and Molecular Imaging (PICMO), US25 Inserm, UAR3612 CNRS, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Odile Boespflug-Tanguy
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires, F-75019 Paris, France; Service de Neurologie et Maladies métaboliques, CHU Paris - Hôpital Robert Debré, F-75019 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Gressens
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires, F-75019 Paris, France
| | - Marisol Corral-Debrinski
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires, F-75019 Paris, France.
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3
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Thomas LW, Stephen JM, Ashcroft M. CHCHD4 regulates the expression of mitochondrial genes that are essential for tumour cell growth. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024:167282. [PMID: 38909850 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
CHCHD4 (MIA40) is a central component of the mitochondrial disulfide relay system (DRS), is essential and evolutionarily conserved. Previously, we have shown CHCHD4 to be a critical regulator of tumour cell growth. Here, we use genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 and SILAC proteomic analyses to delineate mechanisms of CHCHD4 essentiality in cancer. We identify a short-list of common essential genes/proteins associated with CHCHD4 essentiality in tumour cells, which includes subunits of complex I that are known DRS substrates, and genes/proteins involved in key metabolic pathways. Our study highlights a range of nuclear encoded mitochondrial genes essential for CHCHD4-regulated tumour cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke W Thomas
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Jenna M Stephen
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret Ashcroft
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom.
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4
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Cwerman-Thibault H, Malko-Baverel V, Le Guilloux G, Torres-Cuevas I, Ratcliffe E, Mouri D, Mignon V, Saubaméa B, Boespflug-Tanguy O, Gressens P, Corral-Debrinski M. Harlequin mice exhibit cognitive impairment, severe loss of Purkinje cells and a compromised bioenergetic status due to the absence of Apoptosis Inducing Factor. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167272. [PMID: 38897257 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The functional integrity of the central nervous system relies on complex mechanisms in which the mitochondria are crucial actors because of their involvement in a multitude of bioenergetics and biosynthetic pathways. Mitochondrial diseases are among the most prevalent groups of inherited neurological disorders, affecting up to 1 in 5000 adults and despite considerable efforts around the world there is still limited curative treatments. Harlequin mice correspond to a relevant model of recessive X-linked mitochondrial disease due to a proviral insertion in the first intron of the Apoptosis-inducing factor gene, resulting in an almost complete depletion of the corresponding protein. These mice exhibit progressive degeneration of the retina, optic nerve, cerebellum, and cortical regions leading to irremediable blindness and ataxia, reminiscent of what is observed in patients suffering from mitochondrial diseases. We evaluated the progression of cerebellar degeneration in Harlequin mice, especially for Purkinje cells and its relationship with bioenergetics failure and behavioral damage. For the first time to our knowledge, we demonstrated that Harlequin mice display cognitive and emotional impairments at early stage of the disease with further deteriorations as ataxia aggravates. These functions, corresponding to higher-order cognitive processing, have been assigned to a complex network of reciprocal connections between the cerebellum and many cortical areas which could be dysfunctional in these mice. Consequently, Harlequin mice become a suitable experimental model to test innovative therapeutics, via the targeting of mitochondria which can become available to a large spectrum of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Isabel Torres-Cuevas
- Université Paris Cité, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, F-75019 Paris, France; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 12 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Edward Ratcliffe
- Université Paris Cité, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, F-75019 Paris, France
| | - Djmila Mouri
- Université Paris Cité, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, F-75019 Paris, France
| | - Virginie Mignon
- Université de Paris, UMR-S 1144 Inserm, 75006 Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Platform of Cellular and Molecular Imaging, US25 Inserm, UAR3612 CNRS, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Saubaméa
- Université de Paris, UMR-S 1144 Inserm, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Odile Boespflug-Tanguy
- Université Paris Cité, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, F-75019 Paris, France; Service de Neurologie et Maladies métaboliques, CHU Paris - Hôpital Robert Debré, F-75019 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Gressens
- Université Paris Cité, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, F-75019 Paris, France
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5
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Zarges C, Riemer J. Oxidative protein folding in the intermembrane space of human mitochondria. FEBS Open Bio 2024. [PMID: 38867508 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial intermembrane space hosts a machinery for oxidative protein folding, the mitochondrial disulfide relay. This machinery imports a large number of soluble proteins into the compartment, where they are retained through oxidative folding. Additionally, the disulfide relay enhances the stability of many proteins by forming disulfide bonds. In this review, we describe the mitochondrial disulfide relay in human cells, its components, and their coordinated collaboration in mechanistic detail. We also discuss the human pathologies associated with defects in this machinery and its protein substrates, providing a comprehensive overview of its biological importance and implications for health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Riemer
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Germany
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6
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Li X, Liu N, Wu D, Li SC, Wang Q, Zhang DW, Song LL, Huang M, Chen X, Li W. Hippocampal transcriptomic analyses reveal the potential antiapoptotic mechanism of a novel anticonvulsant agent Q808 on pentylenetetrazol-induced epilepsy in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116746. [PMID: 38739991 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain apoptosis is one of the main causes of epileptogenesis. The antiapoptotic effect and potential mechanism of Q808, an innovative anticonvulsant chemical, have never been reported. In this study, the seizure stage and latency to reach stage 2 of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) seizure rat model treated with Q808 were investigated. The morphological change and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus were detected by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining, respectively. The hippocampal transcriptomic changes were observed using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). The expression levels of hub genes were verified by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Results revealed that Q808 could allay the seizure score and prolong the stage 2 latency in seizure rats. The morphological changes of neurons and the number of apoptotic cells in the DG area were diminished by Q808 treatment. RNA-seq analysis revealed eight hub genes, including Map2k3, Nfs1, Chchd4, Hdac6, Siglec5, Slc35d3, Entpd1, and LOC103690108, and nine hub pathways among the control, PTZ, and Q808 groups. Hub gene Nfs1 was involved in the hub pathway sulfur relay system, and Map2k3 was involved in the eight remaining hub pathways, including Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Cellular senescence, Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, GnRH signaling pathway, Influenza A, Rap1 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. qRT-PCR confirmed that the mRNA levels of these hub genes were consistent with the RNA-seq results. Our findings might contribute to further studies exploring the new apoptosis mechanism and actions of Q808.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130015, China
| | - Di Wu
- Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130015, China
| | - Shu Chang Li
- Jilin Cancer Hospital, ChangChun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130015, China
| | - Dian-Wen Zhang
- Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130015, China
| | - Lian-Lian Song
- Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130015, China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130015, China.
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7
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Shi T, Chen Z, Li J, Wang H, Wang Q. AIF translocation into nucleus caused by Aifm1 R450Q mutation: generation and characterization of a mouse model for AUNX1. Hum Mol Genet 2024; 33:905-918. [PMID: 38449065 PMCID: PMC11070138 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddae010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in AIFM1, encoding for apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), cause AUNX1, an X-linked neurologic disorder with late-onset auditory neuropathy (AN) and peripheral neuropathy. Despite significant research on AIF, there are limited animal models with the disrupted AIFM1 representing the corresponding phenotype of human AUNX1, characterized by late-onset hearing loss and impaired auditory pathways. Here, we generated an Aifm1 p.R450Q knock-in mouse model (KI) based on the human AIFM1 p.R451Q mutation. Hemizygote KI male mice exhibited progressive hearing loss from P30 onward, with greater severity at P60 and stabilization until P210. Additionally, muscle atrophy was observed at P210. These phenotypic changes were accompanied by a gradual reduction in the number of spiral ganglion neuron cells (SGNs) at P30 and ribbons at P60, which coincided with the translocation of AIF into the nucleus starting from P21 and P30, respectively. The SGNs of KI mice at P210 displayed loss of cytomembrane integrity, abnormal nuclear morphology, and dendritic and axonal demyelination. Furthermore, the inner hair cells and myelin sheath displayed abnormal mitochondrial morphology, while fibroblasts from KI mice showed impaired mitochondrial function. In conclusion, we successfully generated a mouse model recapitulating AUNX1. Our findings indicate that disruption of Aifm1 induced the nuclear translocation of AIF, resulting in the impairment in the auditory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Shi
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Chen
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Jin Li
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Hongyang Wang
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Qiuju Wang
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
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Fagnani E, Cocomazzi P, Pellegrino S, Tedeschi G, Scalvini FG, Cossu F, Da Vela S, Aliverti A, Mastrangelo E, Milani M. CHCHD4 binding affects the active site of apoptosis inducing factor (AIF): Structural determinants for allosteric regulation. Structure 2024; 32:594-602.e4. [PMID: 38460521 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), which is confined to mitochondria of normal healthy cells, is the first identified caspase-independent cell death effector. Moreover, AIF is required for the optimal functioning of the respiratory chain machinery. Recent findings have revealed that AIF fulfills its pro-survival function by interacting with CHCHD4, a soluble mitochondrial protein which promotes the entrance and the oxidative folding of different proteins in the inner membrane space. Here, we report the crystal structure of the ternary complex involving the N-terminal 27-mer peptide of CHCHD4, NAD+, and AIF harboring its FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) prosthetic group in oxidized form. Combining this information with biophysical and biochemical data on the CHCHD4/AIF complex, we provide a detailed structural description of the interaction between the two proteins, validated by both chemical cross-linking mass spectrometry analysis and site-directed mutagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Fagnani
- Biophysics Institute, CNR-IBF, Via Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Cocomazzi
- Biophysics Institute, CNR-IBF, Via Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Pellegrino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tedeschi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; Cimaina, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Grassi Scalvini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Federica Cossu
- Biophysics Institute, CNR-IBF, Via Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Da Vela
- Hochschule Bremerhaven, Karlstadt 8, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Alessandro Aliverti
- Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Eloise Mastrangelo
- Biophysics Institute, CNR-IBF, Via Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Mario Milani
- Biophysics Institute, CNR-IBF, Via Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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9
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Brosey CA, Link TM, Shen R, Moiani D, Burnett K, Hura GL, Jones DE, Tainer JA. Chemical screening by time-resolved X-ray scattering to discover allosteric probes. Nat Chem Biol 2024:10.1038/s41589-024-01609-1. [PMID: 38671223 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-024-01609-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Drug discovery relies on efficient identification of small-molecule leads and their interactions with macromolecular targets. However, understanding how chemotypes impact mechanistically important conformational states often remains secondary among high-throughput discovery methods. Here, we present a conformational discovery pipeline integrating time-resolved, high-throughput small-angle X-ray scattering (TR-HT-SAXS) and classic fragment screening applied to allosteric states of the mitochondrial import oxidoreductase apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). By monitoring oxidized and X-ray-reduced AIF states, TR-HT-SAXS leverages structure and kinetics to generate a multidimensional screening dataset that identifies fragment chemotypes allosterically stimulating AIF dimerization. Fragment-induced dimerization rates, quantified with time-resolved SAXS similarity analysis (kVR), capture structure-activity relationships (SAR) across the top-ranked 4-aminoquinoline chemotype. Crystallized AIF-aminoquinoline complexes validate TR-SAXS-guided SAR, supporting this conformational chemotype for optimization. AIF-aminoquinoline structures and mutational analysis reveal active site F482 as an underappreciated allosteric stabilizer of AIF dimerization. This conformational discovery pipeline illustrates TR-HT-SAXS as an effective technology for targeting chemical leads to important macromolecular states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris A Brosey
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Todd M Link
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Runze Shen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Davide Moiani
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kathryn Burnett
- MBIB Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Greg L Hura
- MBIB Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Darin E Jones
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - John A Tainer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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10
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Fan F, Yang C, Piao E, Shi J, Zhang J. Mechanisms of chondrocyte regulated cell death in osteoarthritis: Focus on ROS-triggered ferroptosis, parthanatos, and oxeiptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 705:149733. [PMID: 38442446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic inflammatory degenerative disease. Since chondrocytes are the only type of cells in cartilage, their survival is critical for maintaining cartilage morphology. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of how reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, nitric oxide, and their derivatives, affect cartilage homeostasis and trigger several novel modes of regulated cell death, including ferroptosis, parthanatos, and oxeiptosis, which may play roles in chondrocyte death and OA development. Moreover, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies to alleviate OA by scavenging ROS and provide new insight into the research and treatment of the role of regulated cell death in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyang Fan
- Orthopedics Department, The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
| | - Cheng Yang
- Orthopedics Department, The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
| | - Enran Piao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Jia Shi
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Juntao Zhang
- Orthopedics Department, The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
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11
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Song N, Mei S, Wang X, Hu G, Lu M. Focusing on mitochondria in the brain: from biology to therapeutics. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:23. [PMID: 38632601 PMCID: PMC11022390 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00409-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria have multiple functions such as supplying energy, regulating the redox status, and producing proteins encoded by an independent genome. They are closely related to the physiology and pathology of many organs and tissues, among which the brain is particularly prominent. The brain demands 20% of the resting metabolic rate and holds highly active mitochondrial activities. Considerable research shows that mitochondria are closely related to brain function, while mitochondrial defects induce or exacerbate pathology in the brain. In this review, we provide comprehensive research advances of mitochondrial biology involved in brain functions, as well as the mitochondria-dependent cellular events in brain physiology and pathology. Furthermore, various perspectives are explored to better identify the mitochondrial roles in neurological diseases and the neurophenotypes of mitochondrial diseases. Finally, mitochondrial therapies are discussed. Mitochondrial-targeting therapeutics are showing great potentials in the treatment of brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanshan Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shuyuan Mei
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xiangxu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Ming Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Changzhou Second People's Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213000, China.
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12
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Zhao Y, Lin Y, Wang B, Liu F, Zhao D, Wang W, Ren H, Wang J, Xu Z, Yan C, Ji K. A Missense Variant in AIFM1 Caused Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Intolerance to Riboflavin Deficiency. Neuromolecular Med 2023; 25:489-500. [PMID: 37603145 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-023-08750-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
AIFM1 is a mitochondrial flavoprotein involved in caspase-independent cell death and regulation of respiratory chain complex biogenesis. Mutations in the AIFM1 gene have been associated with multiple clinical phenotypes, but the effectiveness of riboflavin treatment remains controversial. Furthermore, few studies explored the reasons underlying this controversy. We reported a 7-year-old boy with ataxia, sensorimotor neuropathy and muscle weakness. Genetic and histopathological analyses were conducted, along with assessments of mitochondrial function and apoptosis level induced by staurosporine. Riboflavin deficiency and supplementation experiments were performed using fibroblasts. A missense c.1019T > C (p. Met340Thr) variant of AIFM1 was detected in the proband, which caused reduced expression of AIFM1 protein and mitochondrial dysfunction as evidenced by downregulation of mitochondrial complex subunits, respiratory deficiency and collapse of ΔΨm. The proportion of apoptotic cells in mutant fibroblasts was lower than controls after induction of apoptosis. Riboflavin deficiency resulted in decreased AIFM1 protein levels, while supplementation with high concentrations of riboflavin partially increased AIFM1 protein levels in variant fibroblasts. In addition, mitochondrial respiratory function of mutant fibroblasts was partly improved after riboflavin supplementation. Our study elucidated the pathogenicity of the AIFM1 c.1019T > C variant and revealed mutant fibroblasts was intolerant to riboflavin deficiency. Riboflavin supplementation is helpful in maintaining the level of AIFM1 protein and mitochondrial respiratory function. Early riboflavin treatment may serve as a valuable attempt for patients with AIFM1 variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fuchen Liu
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiayin Wang
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Zhihong Xu
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanzhu Yan
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Kunqian Ji
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
- Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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13
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Anderson AJ, Crameri JJ, Ang C, Malcolm TR, Kang Y, Baker MJ, Palmer CS, Sharpe AJ, Formosa LE, Ganio K, Baker MJ, McDevitt CA, Ryan MT, Maher MJ, Stojanovski D. Human Tim8a, Tim8b and Tim13 are auxiliary assembly factors of mature Complex IV. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56430. [PMID: 37272231 PMCID: PMC10398661 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Tim8a and Tim8b are paralogous intermembrane space proteins of the small TIM chaperone family. Yeast small TIMs function in the trafficking of proteins to the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes. This putative import function for hTim8a and hTim8b has been challenged in human models, but their precise molecular function(s) remains undefined. Likewise, the necessity for human cells to encode two Tim8 proteins and whether any potential redundancy exists is unclear. We demonstrate that hTim8a and hTim8b function in the assembly of cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV). Using affinity enrichment mass spectrometry, we define the interaction network of hTim8a, hTim8b and hTim13, identifying subunits and assembly factors of the Complex IV COX2 module. hTim8-deficient cells have a COX2 and COX3 module defect and exhibit an accumulation of the Complex IV S2 subcomplex. These data suggest that hTim8a and hTim8b function in assembly of Complex IV via interactions with intermediate-assembly subcomplexes. We propose that hTim8-hTim13 complexes are auxiliary assembly factors involved in the formation of the Complex IV S3 subcomplex during assembly of mature Complex IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Anderson
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Jordan J Crameri
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Ching‐Seng Ang
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Tess R Malcolm
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- School of ChemistryThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Yilin Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Megan J Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Catherine S Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Alice J Sharpe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery InstituteMonash UniversityClaytonVicAustralia
| | - Luke E Formosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery InstituteMonash UniversityClaytonVicAustralia
| | - Katherine Ganio
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Michael J Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Christopher A McDevitt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Michael T Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery InstituteMonash UniversityClaytonVicAustralia
| | - Megan J Maher
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- School of ChemistryThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular ScienceLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVicAustralia
| | - Diana Stojanovski
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
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14
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Peker E, Weiss K, Song J, Zarges C, Gerlich S, Boehm V, Trifunovic A, Langer T, Gehring NH, Becker T, Riemer J. A two-step mitochondrial import pathway couples the disulfide relay with matrix complex I biogenesis. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202210019. [PMID: 37159021 PMCID: PMC10174193 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202210019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria critically rely on protein import and its tight regulation. Here, we found that the complex I assembly factor NDUFAF8 follows a two-step import pathway linking IMS and matrix import systems. A weak targeting sequence drives TIM23-dependent NDUFAF8 matrix import, and en route, allows exposure to the IMS disulfide relay, which oxidizes NDUFAF8. Import is closely surveyed by proteases: YME1L prevents accumulation of excess NDUFAF8 in the IMS, while CLPP degrades reduced NDUFAF8 in the matrix. Therefore, NDUFAF8 can only fulfil its function in complex I biogenesis if both oxidation in the IMS and subsequent matrix import work efficiently. We propose that the two-step import pathway for NDUFAF8 allows integration of the activity of matrix complex I biogenesis pathways with the activity of the mitochondrial disulfide relay system in the IMS. Such coordination might not be limited to NDUFAF8 as we identified further proteins that can follow such a two-step import pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Peker
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Konstantin Weiss
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jiyao Song
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christine Zarges
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sarah Gerlich
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Volker Boehm
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Trifunovic
- Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Aging, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Langer
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Mitochondrial Proteostasis, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Niels H. Gehring
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Riemer
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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15
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Fernández de la Torre M, Fiuza-Luces C, Laine-Menéndez S, Delmiro A, Arenas J, Martín MÁ, Lucia A, Morán M. Pathophysiology of Cerebellar Degeneration in Mitochondrial Disorders: Insights from the Harlequin Mouse. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10973. [PMID: 37446148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
By means of a proteomic approach, we assessed the pathways involved in cerebellar neurodegeneration in a mouse model (Harlequin, Hq) of mitochondrial disorder. A differential proteomic profile study (iTRAQ) was performed in cerebellum homogenates of male Hq and wild-type (WT) mice 8 weeks after the onset of clear symptoms of ataxia in the Hq mice (aged 5.2 ± 0.2 and 5.3 ± 0.1 months for WT and Hq, respectively), followed by a biochemical validation of the most relevant changes. Additional groups of 2-, 3- and 6-month-old WT and Hq mice were analyzed to assess the disease progression on the proteins altered in the proteomic study. The proteomic analysis showed that beyond the expected deregulation of oxidative phosphorylation, the cerebellum of Hq mice showed a marked astroglial activation together with alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis and neurotransmission, with an up- and downregulation of GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission, respectively, and the downregulation of cerebellar "long-term depression", a synaptic plasticity phenomenon that is a major player in the error-driven learning that occurs in the cerebellar cortex. Our study provides novel insights into the mechanisms associated with cerebellar degeneration in the Hq mouse model, including a complex deregulation of neuroinflammation, oxidative phosphorylation and glutamate, GABA and amino acids' metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Fernández de la Torre
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital '12 de Octubre' ('imas12'), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Fiuza-Luces
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital '12 de Octubre' ('imas12'), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Laine-Menéndez
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital '12 de Octubre' ('imas12'), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aitor Delmiro
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital '12 de Octubre' ('imas12'), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), U723, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Arenas
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital '12 de Octubre' ('imas12'), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), U723, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martín
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital '12 de Octubre' ('imas12'), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), U723, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, European University of Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Fragility and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Morán
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital '12 de Octubre' ('imas12'), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), U723, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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16
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Qiu Y, Wang H, Fan M, Pan H, Guan J, Jiang Y, Jia Z, Wu K, Zhou H, Zhuang Q, Lei Z, Ding X, Cai H, Dong Y, Yan L, Lin A, Fu Y, Zhang D, Yan Q, Wang Q. Impaired AIF-CHCHD4 interaction and mitochondrial calcium overload contribute to auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder in patient-iPSC-derived neurons with AIFM1 variant. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:375. [PMID: 37365177 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05899-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) is a hearing impairment caused by dysfunction of inner hair cells, ribbon synapses, spiral ganglion neurons and/or the auditory nerve itself. Approximately 1/7000 newborns have abnormal auditory nerve function, accounting for 10%-14% of cases of permanent hearing loss in children. Although we previously identified the AIFM1 c.1265 G > A variant to be associated with ANSD, the mechanism by which ANSD is associated with AIFM1 is poorly understood. We generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) via nucleofection with episomal plasmids. The patient-specific iPSCs were edited via CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate gene-corrected isogenic iPSCs. These iPSCs were further differentiated into neurons via neural stem cells (NSCs). The pathogenic mechanism was explored in these neurons. In patient cells (PBMCs, iPSCs, and neurons), the AIFM1 c.1265 G > A variant caused a novel splicing variant (c.1267-1305del), resulting in AIF p.R422Q and p.423-435del proteins, which impaired AIF dimerization. Such impaired AIF dimerization then weakened the interaction between AIF and coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain-containing protein 4 (CHCHD4). On the one hand, the mitochondrial import of ETC complex subunits was inhibited, subsequently leading to an increased ADP/ATP ratio and elevated ROS levels. On the other hand, MICU1-MICU2 heterodimerization was impaired, leading to mCa2+ overload. Calpain was activated by mCa2+ and subsequently cleaved AIF for its translocation into the nucleus, ultimately resulting in caspase-independent apoptosis. Interestingly, correction of the AIFM1 variant significantly restored the structure and function of AIF, further improving the physiological state of patient-specific iPSC-derived neurons. This study demonstrates that the AIFM1 variant is one of the molecular bases of ANSD. Mitochondrial dysfunction, especially mCa2+ overload, plays a prominent role in ANSD associated with AIFM1. Our findings help elucidate the mechanism of ANSD and may lead to the provision of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qiu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Hongyang Wang
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Mingjie Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Huaye Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Jing Guan
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yangwei Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Zexiao Jia
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Kaiwen Wu
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Qianqian Zhuang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Zhaoying Lei
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Xue Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Huajian Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yufei Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Lei Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Aifu Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yong Fu
- The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
| | - Qingfeng Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
| | - Qiuju Wang
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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17
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Mao J, Wang D, Wang D, Wu Q, Shang Q, Gao C, Wang H, Wang H, Du M, Peng P, Jia H, Xu X, Wang J, Yang L, Luo Z. SIRT5-related desuccinylation modification of AIFM1 protects against compression-induced intervertebral disc degeneration by regulating mitochondrial homeostasis. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:253-268. [PMID: 36653443 PMCID: PMC9898264 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00928-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a major role in the development of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) participates in the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis through its desuccinylase activity. However, it is still unclear whether succinylation or SIRT5 is involved in the impairment of mitochondria and development of IDD induced by excessive mechanical stress. Our 4D label-free quantitative proteomic results showed decreased expression of the desuccinylase SIRT5 in rat nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues under mechanical loading. Overexpression of Sirt5 effectively alleviated, whereas knockdown of Sirt5 aggravated, the apoptosis and dysfunction of NP cells under mechanical stress, consistent with the more severe IDD phenotype of Sirt5 KO mice than wild-type mice that underwent lumbar spine instability (LSI) surgery. Moreover, immunoprecipitation-coupled mass spectrometry (IP-MS) results suggested that AIFM1 was a downstream target of SIRT5, which was verified by a Co-IP assay. We further demonstrated that reduced SIRT5 expression resulted in the increased succinylation of AIFM1, which in turn abolished the interaction between AIFM1 and CHCHD4 and thus led to the reduced electron transfer chain (ETC) complex subunits in NP cells. Reduced ETC complex subunits resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction and the subsequent occurrence of IDD under mechanical stress. Finally, we validated the efficacy of treatments targeting disrupted mitochondrial protein importation by upregulating SIRT5 expression or methylene blue (MB) administration in the compression-induced rat IDD model. In conclusion, our study provides new insights into the occurrence and development of IDD and offers promising therapeutic approaches for IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Mao
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wu
- Intensive Care Unit, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, 274031, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiliang Shang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu Gao
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanbo Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Mu Du
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Pandi Peng
- Medical Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710068, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoruo Jia
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Yang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
- Medical Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710068, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
- Medical Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710068, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Baker MJ, Crameri JJ, Thorburn DR, Frazier AE, Stojanovski D. Mitochondrial biology and dysfunction in secondary mitochondrial disease. Open Biol 2022; 12:220274. [PMID: 36475414 PMCID: PMC9727669 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are a broad, genetically heterogeneous class of metabolic disorders characterized by deficits in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Primary mitochondrial disease (PMD) defines pathologies resulting from mutation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or nuclear genes affecting either mtDNA expression or the biogenesis and function of the respiratory chain. Secondary mitochondrial disease (SMD) arises due to mutation of nuclear-encoded genes independent of, or indirectly influencing OXPHOS assembly and operation. Despite instances of novel SMD increasing year-on-year, PMD is much more widely discussed in the literature. Indeed, since the implementation of next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques in 2010, many novel mitochondrial disease genes have been identified, approximately half of which are linked to SMD. This review will consolidate existing knowledge of SMDs and outline discrete categories within which to better understand the diversity of SMD phenotypes. By providing context to the biochemical and molecular pathways perturbed in SMD, we hope to further demonstrate the intricacies of SMD pathologies outside of their indirect contribution to mitochondrial energy generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan J. Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Jordan J. Crameri
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - David R. Thorburn
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Ann E. Frazier
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Diana Stojanovski
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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Brosey CA, Shen R, Moiani D, Jones DE, Burnett K, Hura GL, Tainer JA. Applying HT-SAXS to chemical ligand screening. Methods Enzymol 2022; 678:331-350. [PMID: 36641213 PMCID: PMC11239221 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chemical probes are invaluable tools for investigating essential biological processes. Understanding how small-molecule probes engage biomolecular conformations is critical to developing their functional selectivity. High-throughput solution X-ray scattering is well-positioned to profile target-ligand complexes during probe development, bringing conformational insight and selection to traditional ligand binding assays. Access to high-quality synchrotron SAXS datasets and high-throughput data analysis now allows routine academic users to incorporate conformational information into small-molecule development pipelines. Here we describe a general approach for benchmarking and preparing HT-SAXS chemical screens from small fragment libraries. Using the allosteric oxidoreductase Apoptosis-Inducing Factor (AIF) as an exemplary system, we illustrate how HT-SAXS efficiently identifies an allosteric candidate among hits of a microscale thermophoresis ligand screen. We discuss considerations for pursuing HT-SAXS chemical screening with other systems of interest and reflect on advances to extend screening throughput and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris A Brosey
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Runze Shen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Davide Moiani
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Darin E Jones
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Kathryn Burnett
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Greg L Hura
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - John A Tainer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States; Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States.
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20
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Wang R, Bai X, Yang H, Ma J, Yu S, Lu Z. Identification of a novel AIFM1 variant from a Chinese family with auditory neuropathy. Front Genet 2022; 13:1064823. [DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1064823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Auditory neuropathy (AN) is a specific type of hearing loss characterized by impaired language comprehension. Apoptosis inducing factor mitochondrion associated 1 (AIFM1) is the most common gene associated with late-onset AN. In this study, we aimed to screen the pathogenic variant of AIFM1 in a Chinese family with AN and to explore the molecular mechanism underlying the function of such variant in the development of AN.Methods: One patient with AN and eight unaffected individuals from a Chinese family were enrolled in this study. A comprehensive clinical evaluation was performed on all participants. A targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of a total of 406 known deafness genes was performed to screen the potential pathogenic variants in the proband. Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the variants identified in all participants. The pathogenicity of variant was predicted by bioinformatics analysis. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses were performed to evaluate the subcellular distribution and expression of the wild type (WT) and mutant AIFM1 proteins. Cell apoptosis was evaluated based on the TUNEL analyses.Results: Based on the clinical evaluations, the proband in this family was diagnosed with AN. The results of NGS and Sanger sequencing showed that a novel missense mutation of AIFM1, i.e., c.1367A > G (p. D456G), was identified in this family. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that this variant was pathogenic. Functional analysis showed that in comparison with the WT, the mutation c.1367A > G of AIFM1 showed no effect on its subcellular localization and the ability to induce apoptosis, but changed its protein expression level.Conclusion: A novel variant of AIFM1 was identified for the first time, which was probably the genetic cause of AN in a Chinese family with AN.
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21
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Liu J, Zeng W, Lin Q, Dai R, Lu L, Guo Z, Lian X, Pan X, Liu H, Xiu ZB. Proteomic Analyses Reveals the Mechanism of Acupotomy Intervention on the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis in Rabbits. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:5698387. [PMID: 36437834 PMCID: PMC9691303 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5698387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Acupotomy intervention (AI) is an available treatment for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in China, which is a common health problem over the world. However, the underlying mechanism of AI on the KOA treatment is still unknown. To further understand the mechanism of acupotomy in treating KOA, the morphological observation and TMT proteomic analyses were conducted in rabbits. By using X-ray and MRI, we found that the space of the knee joint was bigger in AI than in KOA. Moreover, the chondrocytes were neatly arranged in AI but disordered in KOA. With proteomic analyses in chondrocytes, 68 differently accumulated proteins (DAPs) were identified in AI vs. KOA and DAPs related to energy metabolism and the TCA cycle were suggested to play a central role in response to AI. Furthermore, AIFM1 was proposed to be an important regulator in controlling the energy production in mitochondrial. Besides, FN1, VIM, COL12A1, COL14A1, MYBPH, and DPYSL3 were suggested to play crucial roles in AI for the treatment of KOA. Our study was systematically elucidating the regulation mechanism of acupotomy intervention in the treatment of KOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- The Affiliated People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Weiquan Zeng
- Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Qiaoxuan Lin
- The Third People's Hospital of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Rongqiong Dai
- Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Liming Lu
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Zexing Guo
- Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Xiaowen Lian
- Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Xigui Pan
- Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Hong Liu
- The Affiliated People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Zhong-Biao Xiu
- The Affiliated People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350004, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics & Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Rehabilitation Ministry of Education, Fujian University of TCM, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Fujian Institute of Orthopaedics, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, China
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22
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Murray DT, Shin DS, Classen S, Brosey CA, Hura GL. Visualizing and accessing correlated SAXS data sets with Similarity Maps and Simple Scattering web resources. Methods Enzymol 2022; 678:411-440. [PMID: 36641216 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Constructing a comprehensive understanding of macromolecular behavior from a set of correlated small angle scattering (SAS) data is aided by tools that analyze all scattering curves together. SAS experiments on biological systems can be performed on specimens that are more easily prepared, modified, and formatted relative to those of most other techniques. An X-ray SAS measurement (SAXS) can be performed in less than a milli-second in-line with treatment steps such as purification or exposure to modifiers. These capabilities are valuable since biological macromolecules (proteins, polynucleotides, lipids, and carbohydrates) change conformation or assembly under specific conditions that often define their biological role. Furthermore, mutation or post-translational modification change their behavior and provides an avenue to tailor their mechanics. Here, we describe tools to combine multiple correlated SAS measurements for analysis and review their application to biological systems. The SAXS Similarity Map (SSM) compares a set of scattering curves and quantifies the similarity between them for display as a color on a grid. Visualizing an entire correlated data set with SSMs helps identify patterns that reveal biological functions. The SSM analysis is available as a web-based tool at https://sibyls.als.lbl.gov/saxs-similarity/. To make data available and promote tool development, we have also deployed a repository of correlated SAS data sets called Simple Scattering (available at https://simplescattering.com). The correlated data sets used to demonstrate the SSM are available on the Simple Scattering website. We expect increased utilization of correlated SAS measurements to characterize the tightly controlled mechanistic properties of biological systems and fine-tune engineered macromolecules for nanotechnology-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Murray
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - David S Shin
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Scott Classen
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Chris A Brosey
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Greg L Hura
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States.
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23
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Pei J, Zhang J, Cong Q. Human mitochondrial protein complexes revealed by large-scale coevolution analysis and deep learning-based structure modeling. Bioinformatics 2022; 38:4301-4311. [PMID: 35881696 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btac527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Recent development of deep-learning methods has led to a breakthrough in the prediction accuracy of 3D protein structures. Extending these methods to protein pairs is expected to allow large-scale detection of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and modeling protein complexes at the proteome level. RESULTS We applied RoseTTAFold and AlphaFold, two of the latest deep-learning methods for structure predictions, to analyze coevolution of human proteins residing in mitochondria, an organelle of vital importance in many cellular processes including energy production, metabolism, cell death and antiviral response. Variations in mitochondrial proteins have been linked to a plethora of human diseases and genetic conditions. RoseTTAFold, with high computational speed, was used to predict the coevolution of about 95% of mitochondrial protein pairs. Top-ranked pairs were further subject to modeling of the complex structures by AlphaFold, which also produced contact probability with high precision and in many cases consistent with RoseTTAFold. Most top-ranked pairs with high contact probability were supported by known PPIs and/or similarities to experimental structural complexes. For high-scoring pairs without experimental complex structures, our coevolution analyses and structural models shed light on the details of their interfaces, including CHCHD4-AIFM1, MTERF3-TRUB2, FMC1-ATPAF2 and ECSIT-NDUFAF1. We also identified novel PPIs (PYURF-NDUFAF5, LYRM1-MTRF1L and COA8-COX10) for several proteins without experimentally characterized interaction partners, leading to predictions of their molecular functions and the biological processes they are involved in. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Data of mitochondrial proteins and their interactions are available at: http://conglab.swmed.edu/mitochondria. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Pei
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Qian Cong
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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24
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Realgar (As 4S 4), a traditional Chinese medicine, induces acute promyelocytic leukemia cell death via the Bcl-2/Bax/Cyt-C/AIF signaling pathway in vitro. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:7109-7125. [PMID: 36098742 PMCID: PMC9512515 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a specific subtype of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) characterized by the proliferation of abnormal promyelocytes. Realgar, a Chinese medicine containing arsenic, can be taken orally. Traditional Chinese medicine physicians have employed realgar to treat APL for over a thousand years. Therefore, realgar may be a promising candidate for the treatment of APL. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism behind realgar therapy is largely unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of realgar on cell death in the APL cell line (NB4) in vitro and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. In this study, after APL cells were treated with different concentrations of realgar, the cell survival rate, apoptotic assay, morphological changes, ATP levels and cell cycle arrest were assessed. The expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Cytochrome C (Cyt-C) and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) at the mRNA and protein levels were also measured by immunofluorescence, quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting. We found that realgar could significantly inhibit APL cell proliferation and cell death in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Realgar effectively decreased the ATP levels in APL cells. Realgar also induced APL cell cycle arrest at the S and G2/M phases. Following realgar treatment, the mRNA and protein levels of Bcl-2 were significantly downregulated, whereas the levels of Bax, Cyt-C, and AIF were significantly upregulated. In summary, realgar can induce APL cell death via the Bcl-2/Bax/Cyt-C/AIF signaling pathway, suggesting that realgar may be an effective therapeutic for APL.
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25
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Wischhof L, Scifo E, Ehninger D, Bano D. AIFM1 beyond cell death: An overview of this OXPHOS-inducing factor in mitochondrial diseases. EBioMedicine 2022; 83:104231. [PMID: 35994922 PMCID: PMC9420475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is a mitochondrial intermembrane space flavoprotein with diverse functions in cellular physiology. In this regard, a large number of studies have elucidated AIF's participation to chromatin condensation during cell death in development, cancer, cardiovascular and brain disorders. However, the discovery of rare AIFM1 mutations in patients has shifted the interest of biomedical researchers towards AIF's contribution to pathogenic mechanisms underlying inherited AIFM1-linked metabolic diseases. The functional characterization of AIF binding partners has rapidly advanced our understanding of AIF biology within the mitochondria and beyond its widely reported role in cell death. At the present time, it is reasonable to assume that AIF contributes to cell survival by promoting biogenesis and maintenance of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. With this review, we aim to outline the current knowledge around the vital role of AIF by primarily focusing on currently reported human diseases that have been linked to AIFM1 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Wischhof
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Enzo Scifo
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Dan Ehninger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniele Bano
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.
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26
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Feehan RP, Coleman CS, Ebanks S, Lang CH, Shantz LM. REDD1 interacts with AIF and regulates mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation in the keratinocyte response to UVB. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 616:56-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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27
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Salscheider SL, Gerlich S, Cabrera-Orefice A, Peker E, Rothemann RA, Murschall LM, Finger Y, Szczepanowska K, Ahmadi ZA, Guerrero-Castillo S, Erdogan A, Becker M, Ali M, Habich M, Petrungaro C, Burdina N, Schwarz G, Klußmann M, Neundorf I, Stroud DA, Ryan MT, Trifunovic A, Brandt U, Riemer J. AIFM1 is a component of the mitochondrial disulfide relay that drives complex I assembly through efficient import of NDUFS5. EMBO J 2022; 41:e110784. [PMID: 35859387 PMCID: PMC9434101 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022110784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial intermembrane space protein AIFM1 has been reported to mediate the import of MIA40/CHCHD4, which forms the import receptor in the mitochondrial disulfide relay. Here, we demonstrate that AIFM1 and MIA40/CHCHD4 cooperate beyond this MIA40/CHCHD4 import. We show that AIFM1 and MIA40/CHCHD4 form a stable long‐lived complex in vitro, in different cell lines, and in tissues. In HEK293 cells lacking AIFM1, levels of MIA40 are unchanged, but the protein is present in the monomeric form. Monomeric MIA40 neither efficiently interacts with nor mediates the import of specific substrates. The import defect is especially severe for NDUFS5, a subunit of complex I of the respiratory chain. As a consequence, NDUFS5 accumulates in the cytosol and undergoes rapid proteasomal degradation. Lack of mitochondrial NDUFS5 in turn results in stalling of complex I assembly. Collectively, we demonstrate that AIFM1 serves two overlapping functions: importing MIA40/CHCHD4 and constituting an integral part of the disulfide relay that ensures efficient interaction of MIA40/CHCHD4 with specific substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Gerlich
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alfredo Cabrera-Orefice
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Esra Peker
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Yannik Finger
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karolina Szczepanowska
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Aging, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Zeinab Alsadat Ahmadi
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sergio Guerrero-Castillo
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alican Erdogan
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mark Becker
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Muna Ali
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Markus Habich
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Nele Burdina
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Guenter Schwarz
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Merlin Klußmann
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ines Neundorf
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David A Stroud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Michael T Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Aleksandra Trifunovic
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Aging, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ulrich Brandt
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Riemer
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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28
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Sayyed UMH, Mahalakshmi R. Mitochondrial protein translocation machinery: From TOM structural biogenesis to functional regulation. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101870. [PMID: 35346689 PMCID: PMC9052162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The human mitochondrial outer membrane is biophysically unique as it is the only membrane possessing transmembrane β-barrel proteins (mitochondrial outer membrane proteins, mOMPs) in the cell. The most vital of the three mOMPs is the core protein of the translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane (TOM) complex. Identified first as MOM38 in Neurospora in 1990, the structure of Tom40, the core 19-stranded β-barrel translocation channel, was solved in 2017, after nearly three decades. Remarkably, the past four years have witnessed an exponential increase in structural and functional studies of yeast and human TOM complexes. In addition to being conserved across all eukaryotes, the TOM complex is the sole ATP-independent import machinery for nearly all of the ∼1000 to 1500 known mitochondrial proteins. Recent cryo-EM structures have provided detailed insight into both possible assembly mechanisms of the TOM core complex and organizational dynamics of the import machinery and now reveal novel regulatory interplay with other mOMPs. Functional characterization of the TOM complex using biochemical and structural approaches has also revealed mechanisms for substrate recognition and at least five defined import pathways for precursor proteins. In this review, we discuss the discovery, recently solved structures, molecular function, and regulation of the TOM complex and its constituents, along with the implications these advances have for alleviating human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulfat Mohd Hanif Sayyed
- Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, India
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29
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Apoptosis-Inducing Factor Deficiency Induces Tissue-Specific Alterations in Autophagy: Insights from a Preclinical Model of Mitochondrial Disease and Exercise Training Effects. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030510. [PMID: 35326160 PMCID: PMC8944439 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the effects of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) deficiency, as well as those of an exercise training intervention on autophagy across tissues (heart, skeletal muscle, cerebellum and brain), that are primarily affected by mitochondrial diseases, using a preclinical model of these conditions, the Harlequin (Hq) mouse. Autophagy markers were analyzed in: (i) 2, 3 and 6 month-old male wild-type (WT) and Hq mice, and (ii) WT and Hq male mice that were allocated to an exercise training or sedentary group. The exercise training started upon onset of the first symptoms of ataxia in Hq mice and lasted for 8 weeks. Higher content of autophagy markers and free amino acids, and lower levels of sarcomeric proteins were found in the skeletal muscle and heart of Hq mice, suggesting increased protein catabolism. Leupeptin-treatment demonstrated normal autophagic flux in the Hq heart and the absence of mitophagy. In the cerebellum and brain, a lower abundance of Beclin 1 and ATG16L was detected, whereas higher levels of the autophagy substrate p62 and LAMP1 levels were observed in the cerebellum. The exercise intervention did not counteract the autophagy alterations found in any of the analyzed tissues. In conclusion, AIF deficiency induces tissue-specific alteration of autophagy in the Hq mouse, with accumulation of autophagy markers and free amino acids in the heart and skeletal muscle, but lower levels of autophagy-related proteins in the cerebellum and brain. Exercise intervention, at least if starting when muscle atrophy and neurological symptoms are already present, is not sufficient to mitigate autophagy perturbations.
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Mitochondrial COA7 is a heme-binding protein with disulfide reductase activity, which acts in the early stages of complex IV assembly. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2110357119. [PMID: 35210360 PMCID: PMC8892353 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2110357119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Assembly factors play key roles in the biogenesis of mitochondrial protein complexes, regulating their stabilities, activities, and incorporation of essential cofactors. Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 7 (COA7) is a metazoan-specific assembly factor, the absence or mutation of which in humans accompanies complex IV assembly defects and neurological conditions. Here, we report the crystal structure of COA7 to 2.4 Å resolution, revealing a banana-shaped molecule composed of five helix-turn-helix (α/α) repeats. COA7 binds heme with micromolar affinity, even though the protein structure does not resemble previously characterized heme-binding proteins. The heme-bound COA7 can redox cycle between oxidation states Fe(II) and Fe(III) and shows disulfide reductase activity toward copper binding assembly factors. We propose that COA7 functions to facilitate the biogenesis of the binuclear copper site (CuA) of complex IV. Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) assembly factor 7 (COA7) is a metazoan-specific assembly factor, critical for the biogenesis of mitochondrial complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase). Although mutations in COA7 have been linked to complex IV assembly defects and neurological conditions such as peripheral neuropathy, ataxia, and leukoencephalopathy, the precise role COA7 plays in the biogenesis of complex IV is not known. Here, we show that loss of COA7 blocks complex IV assembly after the initial step where the COX1 module is built, progression from which requires the incorporation of copper and addition of the COX2 and COX3 modules. The crystal structure of COA7, determined to 2.4 Å resolution, reveals a banana-shaped molecule composed of five helix-turn-helix (α/α) repeats, tethered by disulfide bonds. COA7 interacts transiently with the copper metallochaperones SCO1 and SCO2 and catalyzes the reduction of disulfide bonds within these proteins, which are crucial for copper relay to COX2. COA7 binds heme with micromolar affinity, through axial ligation to the central iron atom by histidine and methionine residues. We therefore propose that COA7 is a heme-binding disulfide reductase for regenerating the copper relay system that underpins complex IV assembly.
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Curtabbi A, Enríquez JA. The ins and outs of the flavin mononucleotide cofactor of respiratory complex I. IUBMB Life 2022; 74:629-644. [PMID: 35166025 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The flavin mononucleotide (FMN) cofactor of respiratory complex I occupies a key position in the electron transport chain. Here, the electrons coming from NADH start the sequence of oxidoreduction reactions, which drives the generation of the proton-motive force necessary for ATP synthesis. The overall architecture and the general catalytic proprieties of the FMN site are mostly well established. However, several aspects regarding the complex I flavin cofactor are still unknown. For example, the flavin binding to the N-module, the NADH-oxidizing portion of complex I, lacks a molecular description. The dissociation of FMN from the enzyme is beginning to emerge as an important regulatory mechanism of complex I activity and ROS production. Finally, how mitochondria import and metabolize FMN is still uncertain. This review summarizes the current knowledge on complex I flavin cofactor and discusses the open questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Curtabbi
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Enríquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Ma C, Wang X, He S, Zhang L, Bai J, Qu L, Qi J, Zheng X, Zhu X, Mei J, Guan X, Yuan H, Zhu D. Ubiquitinated AIF is a major mediator of hypoxia-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:9. [PMID: 35090552 PMCID: PMC8796423 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00744-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is the main cause of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (PH), and mitochondrial homeostasis plays a crucial role. However, the specific molecular regulatory mechanism of mitochondrial function in PASMCs remains unclear. METHODS In this study, using the CCK8 assay, EdU incorporation, flow cytometry, Western blotting, co-IP, mass spectrometry, electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, Seahorse extracellular flux analysis and echocardiography, we investigated the specific involvement of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), a mitochondrial oxidoreductase in regulating mitochondrial energy metabolism and mitophagy in PASMCs. RESULTS In vitro, AIF deficiency in hypoxia leads to impaired oxidative phosphorylation and increased glycolysis and ROS release because of the loss of mitochondrial complex I activity. AIF was also downregulated and ubiquitinated under hypoxia leading to the abnormal occurrence of mitophagy and autophagy through its interaction with ubiquitin protein UBA52. In vivo, treatment with the adeno-associated virus vector to overexpress AIF protected pulmonary vascular remodeling from dysfunctional and abnormal proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results identify AIF as a potential therapeutic target for PH and reveal a novel posttranscriptional regulatory mechanism in hypoxia-induced mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Ma
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), 39 Xinyang Road, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
- College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), 39 Xinyang Road, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu He
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), 39 Xinyang Road, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), 39 Xinyang Road, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
- College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - June Bai
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), 39 Xinyang Road, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihui Qu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Qi
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangrui Zhu
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), 39 Xinyang Road, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
- College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Mei
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), 39 Xinyang Road, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
- College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Guan
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), 39 Xinyang Road, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), 39 Xinyang Road, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Daling Zhu
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), 39 Xinyang Road, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China.
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China.
- State Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China.
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Chen YY, Liu QP, An P, Jia M, Luan X, Tang JY, Zhang H. Ginsenoside Rd: A promising natural neuroprotective agent. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:153883. [PMID: 34952508 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurological diseases seriously affect human health, which are arousing wider attention, and it is a great challenge to discover neuroprotective drugs with minimal side-effects and better efficacies. Natural agents derived from herbs or plants have become unparalleled resources for the discovery of novel drug candidates. Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, a well-known herbal medicine in China, occupies a very important position in traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) with a long history of clinical application. Ginsenoside Rd is the active compound in P. ginseng known to have broad-spectrum pharmacological effects to reduce neurological damage that can lead to neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, depression, cognitive impairment, and cerebral ischemia. PURPOSE To review and discuss the effects and mechanisms of ginsenoside Rd in the treatment of neurological diseases. STUDY DESIGN & METHODS The related information was compiled by the major scientific databases, such as Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Elsevier, ScienceDirect, PubMed, SpringerLink, Web of Science, and GeenMedical. Using 'Ginsenoside Rd', 'Ginsenosides', 'Anti-inflammation', 'Antioxidant', 'Apoptosis' and 'Neuroprotection' as keywords, the correlated literature was extracted and conducted from the databases mentioned above. RESULTS Through summarizing the existing research progress, we found that the general effects of ginsenoside Rd are anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptosis, inhibition of Ca2+ influx and protection of mitochondria, and through these pathways, the compound can inhibit excitatory toxicity, regulate nerve growth factor, and promote nerve regeneration. CONCLUSION Ginsenoside Rd is a promising natural neuroprotective agent. This review would contribute to the future development of ginsenoside Rd as a novel clinical candidate drug for treating neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ying Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Liu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Pei An
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Min Jia
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Xin Luan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jian-Yuan Tang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Relevance of AIF/CypA Lethal Pathway in SH-SY5Y Cells Treated with Staurosporine. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010265. [PMID: 35008690 PMCID: PMC8745523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The AIF/CypA complex exerts a lethal activity in several rodent models of acute brain injury. Upon formation, it translocates into the nucleus of cells receiving apoptotic stimuli, inducing chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, and cell death by a caspase-independent mechanism. Inhibition of this complex in a model of glutamate-induced cell death in HT-22 neuronal cells by an AIF peptide (AIF(370-394)) mimicking the binding site on CypA, restores cell survival and prevents brain injury in neonatal mice undergoing hypoxia-ischemia without apparent toxicity. Here, we explore the effects of the peptide on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells stimulated with staurosporine (STS), a cellular model widely used to study Parkinson’s disease (PD). This will pave the way to understanding the role of the complex and the potential therapeutic efficacy of inhibitors in PD. We find that AIF(370-394) confers resistance to STS-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells similar to that observed with CypA silencing and that the peptide works on the AIF/CypA translocation pathway and not on caspases activation. These findings suggest that the AIF/CypA complex is a promising target for developing novel therapeutic strategies against PD.
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35
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Thomas LW, Ashcroft M. The Contextual Essentiality of Mitochondrial Genes in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:695351. [PMID: 34746119 PMCID: PMC8569703 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.695351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are key organelles in eukaryotic evolution that perform crucial roles as metabolic and cellular signaling hubs. Mitochondrial function and dysfunction are associated with a range of diseases, including cancer. Mitochondria support cancer cell proliferation through biosynthetic reactions and their role in signaling, and can also promote tumorigenesis via processes such as the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The advent of (nuclear) genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 deletion screens has provided gene-level resolution of the requirement of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes (NEMGs) for cancer cell viability (essentiality). More recently, it has become apparent that the essentiality of NEMGs is highly dependent on the cancer cell context. In particular, key tumor microenvironmental factors such as hypoxia, and changes in nutrient (e.g., glucose) availability, significantly influence the essentiality of NEMGs. In this mini-review we will discuss recent advances in our understanding of the contribution of NEMGs to cancer from CRISPR-Cas9 deletion screens, and discuss emerging concepts surrounding the context-dependent nature of mitochondrial gene essentiality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke W. Thomas
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret Ashcroft
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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36
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Zhao F, Zou MH. Role of the Mitochondrial Protein Import Machinery and Protein Processing in Heart Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:749756. [PMID: 34651031 PMCID: PMC8505727 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.749756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles for cellular energy production, metabolic homeostasis, calcium homeostasis, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. About 99% of mammalian mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the nuclear genome, synthesized as precursors in the cytosol, and imported into mitochondria by mitochondrial protein import machinery. Mitochondrial protein import systems function not only as independent units for protein translocation, but also are deeply integrated into a functional network of mitochondrial bioenergetics, protein quality control, mitochondrial dynamics and morphology, and interaction with other organelles. Mitochondrial protein import deficiency is linked to various diseases, including cardiovascular disease. In this review, we describe an emerging class of protein or genetic variations of components of the mitochondrial import machinery involved in heart disease. The major protein import pathways, including the presequence pathway (TIM23 pathway), the carrier pathway (TIM22 pathway), and the mitochondrial intermembrane space import and assembly machinery, related translocases, proteinases, and chaperones, are discussed here. This review highlights the importance of mitochondrial import machinery in heart disease, which deserves considerable attention, and further studies are urgently needed. Ultimately, this knowledge may be critical for the development of therapeutic strategies in heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujie Zhao
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ming-Hui Zou
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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37
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Hevler JF, Zenezeni Chiozzi R, Cabrera-Orefice A, Brandt U, Arnold S, Heck AJR. Molecular characterization of a complex of apoptosis-inducing factor 1 with cytochrome c oxidase of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2106950118. [PMID: 34548399 PMCID: PMC8488679 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2106950118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining mass spectrometry-based chemical cross-linking and complexome profiling, we analyzed the interactome of heart mitochondria. We focused on complexes of oxidative phosphorylation and found that dimeric apoptosis-inducing factor 1 (AIFM1) forms a defined complex with ∼10% of monomeric cytochrome c oxidase (COX) but hardly interacts with respiratory chain supercomplexes. Multiple AIFM1 intercross-links engaging six different COX subunits provided structural restraints to build a detailed atomic model of the COX-AIFM12 complex (PDBDEV_00000092). An application of two complementary proteomic approaches thus provided unexpected insight into the macromolecular organization of the mitochondrial complexome. Our structural model excludes direct electron transfer between AIFM1 and COX. Notably, however, the binding site of cytochrome c remains accessible, allowing formation of a ternary complex. The discovery of the previously overlooked COX-AIFM12 complex and clues provided by the structural model hint at potential roles of AIFM1 in oxidative phosphorylation biogenesis and in programmed cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes F Hevler
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Zenezeni Chiozzi
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alfredo Cabrera-Orefice
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich Brandt
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Susanne Arnold
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Albert J R Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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38
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Geldon S, Fernández-Vizarra E, Tokatlidis K. Redox-Mediated Regulation of Mitochondrial Biogenesis, Dynamics, and Respiratory Chain Assembly in Yeast and Human Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:720656. [PMID: 34557489 PMCID: PMC8452992 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.720656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles that contain their own genome, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and reminiscent of its endosymbiotic origin. Mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration via the function of the electron oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS), located in the mitochondrial inner membrane and composed of the four electron transport chain (ETC) enzymes (complexes I-IV), and the ATP synthase (complex V). Even though the mtDNA encodes essential OXPHOS components, the large majority of the structural subunits and additional biogenetical factors (more than seventy proteins) are encoded in the nucleus and translated in the cytoplasm. To incorporate these proteins and the rest of the mitochondrial proteome, mitochondria have evolved varied, and sophisticated import machineries that specifically target proteins to the different compartments defined by the two membranes. The intermembrane space (IMS) contains a high number of cysteine-rich proteins, which are mostly imported via the MIA40 oxidative folding system, dependent on the reduction, and oxidation of key Cys residues. Several of these proteins are structural components or assembly factors necessary for the correct maturation and function of the ETC complexes. Interestingly, many of these proteins are involved in the metalation of the active redox centers of complex IV, the terminal oxidase of the mitochondrial ETC. Due to their function in oxygen reduction, mitochondria are the main generators of reactive oxygen species (ROS), on both sides of the inner membrane, i.e., in the matrix and the IMS. ROS generation is important due to their role as signaling molecules, but an excessive production is detrimental due to unwanted oxidation reactions that impact on the function of different types of biomolecules contained in mitochondria. Therefore, the maintenance of the redox balance in the IMS is essential for mitochondrial function. In this review, we will discuss the role that redox regulation plays in the maintenance of IMS homeostasis as well as how mitochondrial ROS generation may be a key regulatory factor for ETC biogenesis, especially for complex IV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erika Fernández-Vizarra
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kostas Tokatlidis
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Chen J, Bassot A, Giuliani F, Simmen T. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): Stressed by Dysfunctional Mitochondria-Endoplasmic Reticulum Contacts (MERCs). Cells 2021; 10:cells10071789. [PMID: 34359958 PMCID: PMC8304209 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease for which there is currently no cure. Progress in the characterization of other neurodegenerative mechanisms has shifted the spotlight onto an intracellular structure called mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contacts (MERCs) whose ER portion can be biochemically isolated as mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs). Within the central nervous system (CNS), these structures control the metabolic output of mitochondria and keep sources of oxidative stress in check via autophagy. The most relevant MERC controllers in the ALS pathogenesis are vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B (VAPB), a mitochondria-ER tether, and the ubiquitin-specific chaperone valosin containing protein (VCP). These two systems cooperate to maintain mitochondrial energy output and prevent oxidative stress. In ALS, mutant VAPB and VCP take a central position in the pathology through MERC dysfunction that ultimately alters or compromises mitochondrial bioenergetics. Intriguingly, both proteins are targets themselves of other ALS mutant proteins, including C9orf72, FUS, or TDP-43. Thus, a new picture emerges, where different triggers cause MERC dysfunction in ALS, subsequently leading to well-known pathological changes including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation, and motor neuron death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsheng Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada; (J.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Arthur Bassot
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada; (J.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Fabrizio Giuliani
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada;
| | - Thomas Simmen
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada; (J.C.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-780-492-1546
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40
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Molecular Insights into Mitochondrial Protein Translocation and Human Disease. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12071031. [PMID: 34356047 PMCID: PMC8305315 DOI: 10.3390/genes12071031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In human mitochondria, mtDNA encodes for only 13 proteins, all components of the OXPHOS system. The rest of the mitochondrial components, which make up approximately 99% of its proteome, are encoded in the nuclear genome, synthesized in cytosolic ribosomes and imported into mitochondria. Different import machineries translocate mitochondrial precursors, depending on their nature and the final destination inside the organelle. The proper and coordinated function of these molecular pathways is critical for mitochondrial homeostasis. Here, we will review molecular details about these pathways, which components have been linked to human disease and future perspectives on the field to expand the genetic landscape of mitochondrial diseases.
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41
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Schlagowski AM, Knöringer K, Morlot S, Sánchez Vicente A, Flohr T, Krämer L, Boos F, Khalid N, Ahmed S, Schramm J, Murschall LM, Haberkant P, Stein F, Riemer J, Westermann B, Braun RJ, Winklhofer KF, Charvin G, Herrmann JM. Increased levels of mitochondrial import factor Mia40 prevent the aggregation of polyQ proteins in the cytosol. EMBO J 2021; 40:e107913. [PMID: 34191328 PMCID: PMC8365258 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021107913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of protein aggregates is a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. Observations on patient samples and model systems demonstrated links between aggregate formation and declining mitochondrial functionality, but causalities remain unclear. We used Saccharomyces cerevisiae to analyze how mitochondrial processes regulate the behavior of aggregation‐prone polyQ protein derived from human huntingtin. Expression of Q97‐GFP rapidly led to insoluble cytosolic aggregates and cell death. Although aggregation impaired mitochondrial respiration only slightly, it considerably interfered with the import of mitochondrial precursor proteins. Mutants in the import component Mia40 were hypersensitive to Q97‐GFP, whereas Mia40 overexpression strongly suppressed the formation of toxic Q97‐GFP aggregates both in yeast and in human cells. Based on these observations, we propose that the post‐translational import of mitochondrial precursor proteins into mitochondria competes with aggregation‐prone cytosolic proteins for chaperones and proteasome capacity. Mia40 regulates this competition as it has a rate‐limiting role in mitochondrial protein import. Therefore, Mia40 is a dynamic regulator in mitochondrial biogenesis that can be exploited to stabilize cytosolic proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandrine Morlot
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Ana Sánchez Vicente
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tamara Flohr
- Cell Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Lena Krämer
- Cell Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Felix Boos
- Cell Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Nabeel Khalid
- German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence DFKI, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Sheraz Ahmed
- German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence DFKI, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jana Schramm
- Cell Biology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | - Per Haberkant
- Proteomics Core Facility, EMBL Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Stein
- Proteomics Core Facility, EMBL Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Riemer
- Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Ralf J Braun
- Cell Biology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.,Neurodegeneration, Danube Private University, Krems/Donau, Austria
| | - Konstanze F Winklhofer
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Gilles Charvin
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
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42
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Finger Y, Riemer J. Protein import by the mitochondrial disulfide relay in higher eukaryotes. Biol Chem 2021; 401:749-763. [PMID: 32142475 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The proteome of the mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS) contains more than 100 proteins, all of which are synthesized on cytosolic ribosomes and consequently need to be imported by dedicated machineries. The mitochondrial disulfide relay is the major import machinery for soluble proteins in the IMS. Its major component, the oxidoreductase MIA40, interacts with incoming substrates, retains them in the IMS, and oxidatively folds them. After this reaction, MIA40 is reoxidized by the sulfhydryl oxidase augmenter of liver regeneration, which couples disulfide formation by this machinery to the activity of the respiratory chain. In this review, we will discuss the import of IMS proteins with a focus on recent findings showing the diversity of disulfide relay substrates, describing the cytosolic control of this import system and highlighting the physiological relevance of the disulfide relay machinery in higher eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannik Finger
- Institute for Biochemistry, Redox Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47a/R. 3.49, D-50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Riemer
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Biochemistry, Redox Biochemistry, University of Cologne, and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases, Zülpicher Str. 47a/R. 3.49, D-50674 Cologne, Germany
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43
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Frantsiyants E, Neskubina I, Shikhlyarova A, Yengibaryan M, Vashchenko L, Surikova E, Nemashkalova L, Kaplieva I, Trepitaki L, Bandovkina V, Pogorelova Y. Content of apoptosis factors and self-organization processes in the mitochondria of heart cells in female mice C57BL/6 under growth of melanoma B16 / F10 linked with comorbid pathology. CARDIOMETRY 2021. [DOI: 10.18137/cardiometry.2021.18.121130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim is to study some mechanisms of regulation of apoptosis and self-organization in the mitochondria in the heart cells in female mice during the growth of experimental melanoma B16/ F10 linked with chronic neurogenic pain as comorbid pathology.
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44
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Chipuk JE, Mohammed JN, Gelles JD, Chen Y. Mechanistic connections between mitochondrial biology and regulated cell death. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1221-1233. [PMID: 33887204 PMCID: PMC8102388 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The ancient, dynamic, and multifaceted functions of the mitochondrial network are essential for organismal homeostasis and contribute to numerous human diseases. As central hubs for metabolism, ion transport, and multiple macromolecular synthesis pathways, mitochondria establish and control extensive signaling networks to ensure cellular survival. In this review, we explore how these same mitochondrial functions also participate in the control of regulated cell death (RCD). We discuss the complementary essential mitochondrial functions as compartments that participate in the production and presentation of key molecules and platforms that actively enable, initiate, and execute RCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry Edward Chipuk
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Jarvier N Mohammed
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jesse D Gelles
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Yiyang Chen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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45
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The Mia40/CHCHD4 Oxidative Folding System: Redox Regulation and Signaling in the Mitochondrial Intermembrane Space. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040592. [PMID: 33921425 PMCID: PMC8069373 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are critical for several cellular functions as they control metabolism, cell physiology, and cell death. The mitochondrial proteome consists of around 1500 proteins, the vast majority of which (about 99% of them) are encoded by nuclear genes, with only 13 polypeptides in human cells encoded by mitochondrial DNA. Therefore, it is critical for all the mitochondrial proteins that are nuclear-encoded to be targeted precisely and sorted specifically to their site of action inside mitochondria. These processes of targeting and sorting are catalysed by protein translocases that operate in each one of the mitochondrial sub-compartments. The main protein import pathway for the intermembrane space (IMS) recognises proteins that are cysteine-rich, and it is the only import pathway that chemically modifies the imported precursors by introducing disulphide bonds to them. In this manner, the precursors are trapped in the IMS in a folded state. The key component of this pathway is Mia40 (called CHCHD4 in human cells), which itself contains cysteine motifs and is subject to redox regulation. In this review, we detail the basic components of the MIA pathway and the disulphide relay mechanism that underpins the electron transfer reaction along the oxidative folding mechanism. Then, we discuss the key protein modulators of this pathway and how they are interlinked to the small redox-active molecules that critically affect the redox state in the IMS. We present also evidence that the mitochondrial redox processes that are linked to iron–sulfur clusters biogenesis and calcium homeostasis coalesce in the IMS at the MIA machinery. The fact that the MIA machinery and several of its interactors and substrates are linked to a variety of common human diseases connected to mitochondrial dysfunction highlight the potential of redox processes in the IMS as a promising new target for developing new treatments for some of the most complex and devastating human diseases.
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46
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Exercise-induced sudden cardiac death is caused by mitochondrio-nuclear translocation of AIF. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:383. [PMID: 33837175 PMCID: PMC8035199 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03677-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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47
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Xu Y, Wu X, Hu W, Yu D, Shao Z, Li W, Huang T, Zhang J, Zhu X, Li X, Yang H, Chu Z, Lv K. RIP3 facilitates necroptosis through CaMKII and AIF after intracerebral hemorrhage in mice. Neurosci Lett 2021; 749:135699. [PMID: 33540056 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Necroptosis-induced neuronal damage after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has been documented recently. Previous studies have reported that RIP3 and its complex are recognized as central mediators of necroptosis. In this study, the role of RIP3 in the activation of CaMKII and AIF was investigated. METHODS We induced ICH in C57BL/6 mice by injecting collagenase IV into the basal ganglia. ICH mice were pretreated with the mPTP inhibitor CsA and the CAMKII inhibitor Kn-93, RIP3 siRNA or RIP3 rAAV. Brain edema and neurobehavior were evaluated. The expression of RIP3, p-MLKL, AIF, and CaMKII proteins was evaluated by western blotting, immunofluorescence (IF) and immunoprecipitation (IP). RESULTS Significant increases in RIP3, p-MLKL, CaMKII and AIF expression were observed in ICH mice, and RIP3-AIF colocalized in the nucleus. Overexpression of RIP3 by rAAV upregulated AIF expression in both the cytoplasm and nucleus, while CaMKII expression was increased in the cytoplasm. The interaction of RIP3-AIF and RIP3-CaMKII was detected after ICH injury. These complexes were inhibited by CsA with Kn-93 or RIP3 siRNA pretreatment, which reduced brain edema and neurological deficits. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed that ICH induced necroptotic neuronal death through the RIP3-CaMKII complex and the RIP3-AIF signaling pathway. Moreover, blockade of mPTP opening could suppress the pathogenesis of necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China; Non-coding RNA Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China.
| | - Wenjie Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.
| | - Dijing Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuhu Eye Hospital, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China.
| | - Zhiding Shao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China.
| | - Weifei Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China.
| | - Tingting Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.
| | - Xiaolong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China; Non-coding RNA Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.
| | - Xueqin Li
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China; Non-coding RNA Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.
| | - Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China; Non-coding RNA Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.
| | - Zhaohu Chu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.
| | - Kun Lv
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China; Non-coding RNA Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.
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48
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Chang Z, Yang M, Ji H. Molecular characterization and functional analysis of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) in palmitic acid-induced apoptosis in Ctenopharyngodon idellus kidney (CIK) cells. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2021; 47:213-224. [PMID: 33528736 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00907-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Palmitic acid (PA), the most common saturated free fatty acid, may cause apoptosis when overloaded in non-fat cells. Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is known to translocate from the mitochondria into the nucleus to induce apoptosis. However, it remains to be investigated whether AIF involved in palmitic acid-induced lipoapoptosis in fish. In the present study, we cloned a coding sequence of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) AIF (CiAIF) gene, and determined its function in Ctenopharyngodon idellus kidney (CIK) cells. The open reading frame (ORF) of CiAIF gene is 1863 bp, encoding a precursor protein of 620 amino acids (aa). Sequence analysis indicated that CiAIF contains a mitochondrial localization sequence, a conserved Pyr_redox and a C-terminal domain. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the CiAIF gene tended to cluster with sequences from Danio rerio. CiAIF gene was ubiquitously expressed in all tested tissues, including heart, liver, spleen, muscle, brain, eye, kidney, intestine, and fat. Moreover, we demonstrated that PA treatment induced the expression level of CiAIF and increases in markers of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis. Meanwhile, ER stress-inducing agent thapsigargin (TG) induced CiAIF translocated into the nucleus in CIK cells, whereas the suppression of ER stress inhibited PA-induced CiAIF expression and apoptosis. In addition, overexpression of CiAIF caused apoptosis by upregulating capase9, capase8, and capase3b, and affects protein translation via directly interacting with CieIF3g. Taken together, our data indicate that in Ctenopharyngodon idellus, PA is key elements that affect not only ER stress and mitochondrial apoptosis but also different physiological functions, such as protein translation, and CiAIF might play a key role in this progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Chang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Minghui Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hong Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
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49
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Luo Q, Wu X, Zhao P, Nan Y, Chang W, Zhu X, Su D, Liu Z. OTUD1 Activates Caspase-Independent and Caspase-Dependent Apoptosis by Promoting AIF Nuclear Translocation and MCL1 Degradation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2002874. [PMID: 33898171 PMCID: PMC8061361 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) plays a dual role in regulating cell survival and apoptosis, acting as a prosurvival factor in mitochondria via its NADH oxidoreductase activity and activating the caspase-independent apoptotic pathway (i.e., parthanatos) after nuclear translocation. However, whether one factor conjunctively controls the separated functions of AIF is not clear. Here, it is shown that OTU deubiquitinase 1 (OTUD1) acts as a link between the two functions of AIF via deubiquitination events. Deubiquitination of AIF at K244 disrupts the normal mitochondrial structure and compromises oxidative phosphorylation, and deubiquitination of AIF at K255 enhances its DNA-binding ability to promote parthanatos. Moreover, OTUD1 stabilizes DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 10 (DCAF10) and recruits the cullin 4A (CUL4A)-damage specific DNA binding protein 1 (DDB1) complex to promote myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (MCL1) degradation, thereby activating caspase-dependent apoptotic signaling. Collectively, these results reveal the central role of OTUD1 in activating both caspase-independent and caspase-dependent apoptotic signaling and propose decreased OTUD1 expression as a key event promoting chemoresistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100021China
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100021China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100021China
| | - Yabing Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100021China
| | - Wan Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100021China
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100021China
| | - Dan Su
- Department of PathologyZhejiang Cancer HospitalZhejiang310022China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100021China
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50
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Murari A, Rhooms SK, Goparaju NS, Villanueva M, Owusu-Ansah E. An antibody toolbox to track complex I assembly defines AIF's mitochondrial function. J Cell Biol 2021; 219:152090. [PMID: 32936885 PMCID: PMC7659709 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202001071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
An ability to comprehensively track the assembly intermediates (AIs) of complex I (CI) biogenesis in Drosophila will enable the characterization of the precise mechanism(s) by which various CI regulators modulate CI assembly. Accordingly, we generated 21 novel antibodies to various mitochondrial proteins and used this resource to characterize the mechanism by which apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) regulates CI biogenesis by tracking the AI profile observed when AIF expression is impaired. We find that when the AIF–Mia40 translocation complex is disrupted, the part of CI that transfers electrons to ubiquinone is synthesized but fails to progress in the CI biosynthetic pathway. This is associated with a reduction in intramitochondrial accumulation of the Mia40 substrate, MIC19. Importantly, knockdown of either MIC19 or MIC60, components of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS), fully recapitulates the AI profile observed when AIF is inhibited. Thus, AIF’s effect on CI assembly is principally due to compromised intramitochondrial transport of the MICOS complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjaneyulu Murari
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Shauna-Kay Rhooms
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Naga Sri Goparaju
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Maximino Villanueva
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Edward Owusu-Ansah
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY.,The Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
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