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Xu Y, Yang H, Hu J, Bao Z, Wang M. A unique Ca 2+-inhibited C-type lectin in shrimp Fenneropenaeuschinensis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 150:109638. [PMID: 38754650 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) are glycan-binding pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that can bind to carbohydrates on pathogen surfaces, triggering immune responses in shrimp innate immunity. In this study, a unique Ca2+-inhibited CTL named FcLec was identified and characterized in Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis. The full-length cDNA sequence of FcLec was 976 bp (GenBank accession number KU361826), with a 615 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 204 amino acids. FcLec possesses a C-type lectin-like domain (CTLD) containing four conserved cysteines (Cys105, Cys174, Cys192, and Cys200) and two sugar-binding site structures (QPD and LNP). The tertiary structure of FcLec deduced revealed three α-helices and eight β-pleated sheets. The mRNA expression levels of FcLec in hemocytes and the hepatopancreas were markedly elevated after stimulation with Vibrio anguillarum and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). The recombinant FcLec protein exhibited Ca2+-independent hemagglutination and bacterial agglutination, but these activities were observed only in the presence of EDTA to chelate metal ions. These findings suggest that FcLec plays important and functionally distinct roles in the shrimp's innate immune response to bacteria and viruses, enriching the current understanding of the relationship between CTL activity and Ca2+ in invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajin Xu
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Haoran Yang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Jingjie Hu
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572024, China.
| | - Zhenmin Bao
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Mengqiang Wang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572024, China.
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Shi T, Gao J, Xu W, Liu X, Yan B, Azra MN, Baloch WA, Wang P, Gao H. The mannose-binding lectin (MBL) gene cloned from Exopalaemon carinicauda plays a key role in resisting infection by Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 274:111001. [PMID: 38908544 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a vital member of the lectin family, crucial for mediating functions within the complement lectin pathway. In this study, following the cloning of the mannose-binding lectin (MBL) gene in the ridgetail white prawn, Exopalaemon carinicauda, we examined its expression patterns across various tissues and its role in combating challenges posed by Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The results revealed that the MBL gene spans 1342 bp, featuring an open reading frame of 972 bp. It encodes a protein comprising 323 amino acids, with a predicted relative molecular weight of 36 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 6.18. The gene exhibited expression across various tissues including the eyestalk, heart, gill, hepatopancreas, stomach, intestine, ventral nerve cord, muscle, and hemolymph, with the highest expression detected in the hepatopancreas. Upon challenge with V. parahaemolyticus, RT-PCR analysis revealed a trend of MBL expression in hepatopancreatic tissues, characterized by an initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease, peaking at 24 h post-infection. Employing RNA interference to disrupt MBL gene expression resulted in a significant increase in mortality rates among individuals challenged with V. parahaemolyticus. Furthermore, we successfully generated the Pet32a-MBL recombinant protein through the construction of a prokaryotic expression vector for conducting in vitro bacterial inhibition assays, which demonstrated the inhibitory effect of the recombinant protein on V. parahaemolyticus, laying a foundation for further exploration into its immune mechanism in response to V. parahaemolyticus challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jiayi Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Wanyuan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Binlun Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Marine Resource Development institute of Jiangsu (Lianyungang), Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Mohamad Nor Azra
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, University of Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Wazir Ali Baloch
- Department of Freshwater Biology and Fisheries, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
| | - Panpan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Marine Resource Development institute of Jiangsu (Lianyungang), Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China.
| | - Huan Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Marine Resource Development institute of Jiangsu (Lianyungang), Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China.
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3
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Du J, Tang Y, Chu J, Yang Q, Qian X, Wan Y, Lu Y, Zhang L, Wang W. A novel exoskeletal-derived C-type lectin facilitates phagocytosis of hemocytes in the oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 149:109532. [PMID: 38579977 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) execute critical functions in multiple immune responses of crustaceans as a member of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) family. In this study, a novel CTL was identified from the exoskeleton of the oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense (MnLec3). The full-length cDNA of MnLec3 was 1150 bp with an open reading frame of 723 bp, encoding 240 amino acids. MnLec3 protein contained a signal peptide and one single carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD). MnLec3 transcripts were widely distributed at the exoskeleton all over the body. Significant up-regulation of MnLec3 in exoskeleton after Aeromonas hydrophila challenged suggested the involvement of MnLec3 as well as the possible function of the exoskeleton in immune response. In vitro tests with recombinant MnLec3 protein (rMnLec3) manifested that it had polysaccharide binding activity, a wide spectrum of bacterial binding activity and agglutination activity only for tested Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Vibrio anguillarum and A. hydrophila). Moreover, rMnLec3 significantly promoted phagocytic ability of hemocytes against A. hydrophila in vivo. What's more, MnLec3 interference remarkably impaired the survivability of the prawns when infected with A. hydrophila. Collectively, these results ascertained that MnLec3 derived from exoskeleton took an essential part in immune defense of the prawns against invading bacteria as a PRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China
| | - Jiaye Chu
- School of Stomatology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China
| | - Quanli Yang
- School of Stomatology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China
| | - Xiaohan Qian
- School of the Third Clinical Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China
| | - Yan Wan
- School of the Third Clinical Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China
| | - Yuming Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China
| | - Wenfeng Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China.
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Li ET, Ji JY, Kong WJ, Shen DX, Li C, An CJ. A C-type lectin with dual carbohydrate recognition domains functions in innate immune response in Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis. INSECT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38772748 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) act as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to initiate the innate immune response in insects. A CTL with dual carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs) (named immulectin-4 [IML-4]) was selected from the Ostrinia furnacalis transcriptome dataset for functional studies. We cloned the full-length complementary DNA of O. furnacalis IML-4 (OfIML-4). It encodes a 328-residue protein with a Glu-Pro-Asn (EPN) and Gln-Pro-Asp (QPD) motifs in 2 CRDs, respectively. OfIML-4 messenger RNA levels increased significantly upon the bacterial and fungal infection. Recombinant OfIML-4 (rIML-4) and its individual CRDs (rCRD1 and rCRD2) exhibited the binding ability to various microorganisms including Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, Pichia pastoris, and Beauveria bassiana, and the cell wall components including lipopolysaccharide from E. coli, peptidoglycan from M. luteus or Bacillus subtilis, and curdlan from Alcaligenes faecalis. The binding further induced the agglutination of E. coli, M. luteus, and B. bassiana in the presence of calcium, the phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus by the hemocytes, in vitro encapsulation and melanization of nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid beads, and a significant increase in phenoloxidase activity of plasma. In addition, rIML-4 significantly enhanced the phagocytosis, nodulation, and resistance of O. furnacalis to B. bassiana. Taken together, our results suggest that OfIML-4 potentially works as a PRR to recognize the invading microorganisms, and functions in the innate immune response in O. furnacalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-Tao Li
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Yue Ji
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Pomology Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Wei-Jie Kong
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Xu Shen
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Cai Li
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Ju An
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Xue Q, Yang B, Luo K, Luan S, Kong J, Li X, Meng X. Molecular Characterization and Expression Analysis of the C-Type Lectin Domain Family 4 Member F in Litopenaeus vannamei against White Spot Syndrome Virus. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1137. [PMID: 38672285 PMCID: PMC11047491 DOI: 10.3390/ani14081137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
White spot disease (WSD) outbreaks pose a significant threat to the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) farming industry. The causative agent is the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). There are no effective treatments for WSD so far. Therefore, understanding the resistance mechanisms of L. vannamei against the WSSV is crucial. C-type lectins (CTLs) are important pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that promote agglutination, phagocytosis, encapsulation, bacteriostasis, and antiviral infections. This study cloned the C-type lectin domain family 4 member F (LvCLEC4F) from L. vannamei. LvCLEC4F contains a 492 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a protein of 163 amino acids, including a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). Following a challenge with the WSSV, the expression profile of LvCLEC4F was significantly altered. Using RNA interference (RNAi) technology, it was found that LvCLEC4F promotes WSSV replication and affects the expression levels of genes related to the regulation of apoptosis, signaling and cellular stress response, and immune defense. Meanwhile, the hemolymph agglutination phenomenon in vivo was weakened when LvCLEC4F was knocked down. These results indicated that LvCLEC4F may play an important role in the interaction between L. vannamei and WSSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Q.X.); (B.Y.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Bingbing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Q.X.); (B.Y.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Kun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Q.X.); (B.Y.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Sheng Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Q.X.); (B.Y.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jie Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Q.X.); (B.Y.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xupeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Q.X.); (B.Y.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xianhong Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Q.X.); (B.Y.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China
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Wang Z, Xie C, Li Y, Cai J, Jian J, Xia L, Lu Y. A CD6 homolog of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) conserved binding bacteria involved in the regulation of Streptococcus agalactiae induced inflammation. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 146:109360. [PMID: 38184181 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
As a lymphocyte-specific surface receptor belonging to the cysteine-rich superfamily of scavenger receptors, CD6 acts as a pattern recognition receptor for microbial components and is involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses. However, the characteristics and functions of CD6 molecules in lower vertebrates represented by teleost fish are unknown. In this study, a CD6 homolog (designated OnCD6) was characterized from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), and establishing its role as a PRRs that participates in immune recognition. OnCD6 contains an open reading frame of 1872 bp that encodes a peptide of 623 amino acids, and contains two conserved SR domain. Multiple sequence alignment revealed that OnCD6 shares a relatively high level of identity with those of other species. Transcriptional expression analysis revealed that OnCD6 was constitutively expressed in immunes tissues such as head kidney and thymus. The expression level of OnCD6 in mainly immune tissues were found significantly upregulated after the injection of Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae). Moreover, OnCD6 protein was located in the head kidney and brain, mainly over the plasma membrane of lymphocytes in these immune tissues. In vitro experiments showed that CD6 extracellular protein bound to and aggregated several Gram-positive and -negative bacterial strains through the recognition of bacterial surface conserved components LPS and LTA etc. In vivo experiments demonstrated that overexpression OnCD6 before S. agalactiae challenge significantly improved tilapia survival, and this was concomitant with reduced bacterial load and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α). Taken together, our results illustrated the function of CD6 molecular pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is conserved and plays an important role in antibacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, and Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, and Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Caixia Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, and Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, and Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, and Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, and Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Jia Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, and Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Jichang Jian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, and Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Liqun Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, and Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, and Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
| | - Yishan Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, and Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, and Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
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Miao M, Li S, Yu Y, Liu Y, Li F. Comparative transcriptome analysis of hepatopancreas reveals the potential mechanism of shrimp resistant to Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 144:109282. [PMID: 38081442 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus carrying a pathogenic plasmid (VPAHPND) is one of the main causative agents of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in shrimp aquaculture. Knowledge about the mechanism of shrimp resistant to VPAHPND is very helpful for developing efficient strategy for breeding AHPND resistant shrimp. In order to learn the mechanism of shrimp resistant to AHPND, comparative transcriptome was applied to analyze the different expressions of genes in the hepatopancreas of shrimp from different families with different resistance to VPAHPND. Through comparative analysis on the hepatopancreas of shrimp from VPAHPND resistant family and susceptible family, we found that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly involved in immune and metabolic processes. Most of the immune-related genes among DEGs were highly expressed in the hepatopancreas of shrimp from resistant family, involved in recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, phagocytosis and elimination of pathogens, maintenance of reactive oxygen species homeostasis and other immune processes etc. However, most metabolic-related genes were highly expressed in the hepatopancreas of shrimp from susceptible family, involved in metabolism of lipid, vitamin, cofactors, glucose, carbohydrate and serine. Interestingly, when we analyzed the expression of above DEGs in the shrimp after VPAHPND infection, we found that the most of identified immune-related genes remained at high expression levels in the hepatopancreas of shrimp from the VPAHPND resistant family, and most of the identified metabolic-related genes were still at high expression levels in the hepatopancreas of shrimp from the VPAHPND susceptible family. The data suggested that the differential expression of these immune-related and metabolic-related genes in hepatopancreas might contribute to the resistance variations of shrimp to VPAHPND. These results provided valuable information for understanding the resistant mechanism of shrimp to VPAHPND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Miao
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shihao Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yang Yu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Fuhua Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Jiang FH, Huang Y, Yu XY, Cui LF, Shi Y, Song XR, Zhao Z. Identification and characterization of an L-type lectin from obscure puffer Takifugu obscurus in response to bacterial infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 144:109283. [PMID: 38092094 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
L-type lectins (LTLs) contain a carbohydrate recognition domain homologous to leguminous lectins, and have functions in selective protein trafficking, sorting and targeting in the secretory pathway of animals. In this study, a novel LTL, designated as ToERGIC-53, was cloned and identified from obscure puffer Takifugu obscurus. The open reading frame of ToERGIC-53 contained 1554 nucleotides encoding 517 amino acid residues. The deduced ToERGIC-53 protein consisted of a signal peptide, a leguminous lectin domain (LTLD), a coiled-coil region, and a transmembrane region. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that ToERGIC-53 was expressed in all examined tissues, with the highest expression level in the liver. The expression of ToERGIC-53 was significantly upregulated after infection with Vibrio harveyi and Staphylococcus aureus. Recombinant ToERGIC-53-LTLD (rToERGIC-53-LTLD) protein could not only agglutinate and bind to one Gram-positive bacterium (S. aureus) and three Gram-negative bacteria (V. harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus and Aeromonas hydrophila), but also bind to glycoconjugates on the surface of bacteria such as lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan, mannose and galactose. In addition, rToERGIC-53-LTLD inhibited the growth of bacteria in vitro. All these results suggested that ToERGIC-53 might be a pattern recognition receptor involved in antibacterial immune response of T. obscurus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Hui Jiang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Xin-Yue Yu
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Li-Fan Cui
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Xiao-Rui Song
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
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9
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Feng J, Huang Y, Huang M, Luo J, Que L, Yang S, Jian J. A novel perlucin-like protein (PLP) protects Litopenaeus vannamei against Vibrio harveyi infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:108932. [PMID: 37414305 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs), as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), play an important role in the innate immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei. In this study, a novel CTL, named perlucin-like protein (PLP), was identified from L. vannamei, which shared homology sequences of PLP from Penaeus monodon. PLP from L. vannamei was expressed in the hepatopancreas, eyestalk, muscle and brain and could be activated in the tissues (hepatopancreas, muscle, gill and intestine) after infection with the pathogen Vibrio harveyi. Bacteria (Vibrio alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, V. harveyi, Streptococcus agalactiae and Bacillus subtilis) could be bound and agglutinated by the PLP recombinant protein in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Moreover, PLP could stabilise the expression of the immune-related genes (ALF, SOD, HSP70, Toll4 and IMD) and apoptosis gene (Caspase2). The RNAi of PLP could remarkably affect the expression of antioxidant gene, antimicrobial peptide genes, other CTLs, apoptosis genes, Toll signaling pathways, and IMD signaling pathways. Moreover, PLP reduced the bacterial load in the hepatopancreas. These results suggested that PLP was involved in the innate immune response against V. harveyi infection by recognising bacterial pathogens and activating the expression of immune-related and apoptosis genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Feng
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yongxiong Huang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Meiling Huang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Junliang Luo
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Liwen Que
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shiping Yang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jichang Jian
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China.
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10
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Hatakeyama T, Unno H. Functional Diversity of Novel Lectins with Unique Structural Features in Marine Animals. Cells 2023; 12:1814. [PMID: 37508479 PMCID: PMC10377782 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their remarkable structural diversity, glycans play important roles as recognition molecules on cell surfaces of living organisms. Carbohydrates exist in numerous isomeric forms and can adopt diverse structures through various branching patterns. Despite their relatively small molecular weights, they exhibit extensive structural diversity. On the other hand, lectins, also known as carbohydrate-binding proteins, not only recognize and bind to the diverse structures of glycans but also induce various biological reactions based on structural differences. Initially discovered as hemagglutinins in plant seeds, lectins have been found to play significant roles in cell recognition processes in higher vertebrates. However, our understanding of lectins in marine animals, particularly marine invertebrates, remains limited. Recent studies have revealed that marine animals possess novel lectins with unique structures and glycan recognition mechanisms not observed in known lectins. Of particular interest is their role as pattern recognition molecules in the innate immune system, where they recognize the glycan structures of pathogens. Furthermore, lectins serve as toxins for self-defense against foreign enemies. Recent discoveries have identified various pore-forming proteins containing lectin domains in fish venoms and skins. These proteins utilize lectin domains to bind target cells, triggering oligomerization and pore formation in the cell membrane. These findings have spurred research into the new functions of lectins and lectin domains. In this review, we present recent findings on the diverse structures and functions of lectins in marine animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomitsu Hatakeyama
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Hideaki Unno
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
- Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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11
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Yang TZ, Zhu Q, Xue T, Cao M, Fu Q, Yang N, Li C, Huo HJ. Identification and functional characterization of CL-11 in black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 131:527-536. [PMID: 36265742 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
CL-11 (Collectin-11, also known as Collectin kidney-1 or CL-K1) is a member of collectin family that works as a pattern recognition molecule (PRM) and participating in lectin-complement pathway in host defense against pathogens. We identified the CL-11 homologue SsCL-11 in black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) and investigated the functional characteristics in this study. The SsCL-11 has conserved protein modules, i.e. an N-terminal hydrophobic region, a collagen-like region, an α-helical neck region and a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). SsCL-11 has varying degrees of expressions in difference tissues, among which the highest expression is observed in liver. It also shows induced expressions in immune-related tissues following Aeromonas salmonicida (A. salmonicida) infection. In addition, SsCL-11 exhibits binding abilities to different kinds of carbohydrates, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and bacteria. It exhibits comparatively strong binding to l-fucose, d-mannose, and d-glucose, which is consistent with the functional EPN motif in its CRD. SsCL-11 also shows agglutinating effects on various bacteria in the presence of Ca2+. Furthermore, SsCL-11 is confirmed to be a secretory lectin and can form multimers. These findings collectively demonstrate that SsCL-11 can function as a recognition molecule in pathogen resistance in black rockfish, which will promote our understanding of immunological roles of fish collectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhen Yang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Ting Xue
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Min Cao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Ning Yang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China.
| | - Hui Jun Huo
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China.
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12
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Zhao K, Qin Y, Nan X, Zhou K, Song Y, Li W, Wang Q. The role of ficolin as a pattern recognition receptor in antibacterial immunity in Eriocheir sinensis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 128:494-504. [PMID: 36002084 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ficolin, a member of the fibrinogen-related proteins family (FREPs), functions as a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) in vertebrates and in invertebrates as a novel lectin. In this study, we discovered the Ficolin homolog of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis), which we named EsFicolin. The obtained sequence showed that it has a highly conserved C-terminal fibrinogen-related domain (FReD) and a coiled-coil structure for trimer formation. EsFicolin was up-regulated in hemocytes after being stimulated by bacteria. Recombinant EsFicolin protein binds to gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and agglutinates bacteria through pathogen-associated molecular patterns. In-depth study found that recombinant EsFicolin could effectively remove bacteria and showed direct antibacterial activity. EsFicolin could also promote the phagocytosis of hemocytes to enhance bacterial clearance. These findings suggest that EsFicolin plays an important role in the crab antibacterial immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhao
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense and Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yukai Qin
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense and Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyu Nan
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense and Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaimin Zhou
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense and Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Song
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense and Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense and Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qun Wang
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense and Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Chen HY, Li WY, Wang J, Bo GW, Yang GW, Yang HT. A C-type lectin containing two carbohydrate recognition domains participates in the antibacterial response by regulating the JNK pathway and promoting phagocytosis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:349-356. [PMID: 35752372 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) are important immune-related molecules in crustaceans. However, the immunologic mechanism by which CTLs eliminate invading pathogens is still unclear. In this study, we studied the antimicrobial mechanism of a CTL containing two carbohydrate recognition domains (DClec). After Aeromonas hydrophila challenge, several antimicrobial peptides (ALF1, ALF4, ALF5 and lys-i2) were upregulated. The transcript levels of ALF1, ALF4 and ALF5 were downregulated after A. hydrophila challenge in groups with DClec interference or inhibition compared with the control group. Similar results were obtained after c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) interference. This finding indicates that DClec might regulate the JNK signalling pathway and subsequently adjust antimicrobial peptide (AMP) expression. Additionally, we found that DClec was secreted into the hemolymph. Recombinant protein DClec (rDClec) agglutinated gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria. Both rDClec and the native DClec in hemolymph bound to different bacteria. In this process, Ca2+ promoted the rDClec bacterial binding ability. After DClec interference, the phagocytosis ability of hemocytes was lower than that of the control group. Therefore, DClec can facilitate bacterial elimination by promoting AMPs expression and hemocyte phagocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ye Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Wen-Ya Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Gong-Wen Bo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Gui-Wen Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Hui-Ting Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China.
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14
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A Novel Disease (Water Bubble Disease) of the Giant Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii Caused by Citrobacter freundii: Antibiotic Treatment and Effects on the Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Immune Responses. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081491. [PMID: 36009210 PMCID: PMC9405353 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is an important and economical aquaculture species widely farmed in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. A new disease, “water bubble disease (WBD)”, has emerged and resulted in a large loss of M. rosenbergii cultured in China. A water bubble with a diameter of about 7 mm under the carapace represents the main clinical sign of diseased prawns. In the present study, Citrobacter freundii was isolated and identified from the water bubble. The optimum temperature, pH, and salinity of the C. freundii were 32 °C, 6, and 1%, respectively. A challenging experiment showed that C. freundii caused the same typical signs of WBD in prawns. Median lethal dose of the C. freundii to prawn was 104.94 CFU/g. According to the antibiogram tests of C. freundii, florfenicol and ofloxacin were selected to evaluate their therapeutic effects against C. freundii in prawn. After the challenge with C. freundii, 86.67% and 72.22% survival of protective effects against C. freundii were evaluated in the oral florfenicol pellets and oral ofloxacin pellets feding prawns, respectively, whereas the mortality of prawns without fed antibiotics was 93%. After antibiotic treatment and C. freundii infection, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), malondialdehyde (MDA), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lysozyme (LZM) in the hemolymph and hepatopancreas of the prawns and the immune-related gene expression levels of Cu/Zn-SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, LZM, ACP, anti-lipopolysaccharide factor, crustin, cyclophilin A, and C-type lectin in hepatopancreas were all significantly changed, indicating that innate immune responses were induced by C. freundii. These results can be beneficial for the prevention and control of C. freundii in prawns.
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15
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Du J, Yue K, Peng Y, Ning Q. Crucial roles of a novel exoskeletal-derived lectin in innate immunity of the oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:717-728. [PMID: 35253248 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As important pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), C-type lectins play crucial roles in the crustacean innate immune system. In this study, a novel C-type lectin, designated as MnLec1, was obtained from the exoskeleton of the oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense for the first time. The full-length cDNA of MnLec1 was 1329 bp with an open reading frame of 774 bp. The predicted MnLec1 protein contains a single carbohydrate-recognition domain with an EPN/LND motif and one Ca2+ binding site-2. MnLec1 transcripts were widely detected in the tested tissues of M. nipponense and significantly up-regulated after Aeromonas hydrophila challenge. The recombinant MnLec1 protein was found to have a wide spectrum of binding activities towards various microorganisms, agglutinate two kinds of Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and A. hydrophila) in a Ca2+ -independent manner. What's more, the survivability of prawns was significantly down-regulated after RNAi of MnLec1 when infected with A. hydrophila. Collectively, these findings suggest that MnLec1 from the exoskeleton might function as a PRR and play a crucial role in immune defense against invading pathogens in M. nipponense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Kaidi Yue
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yanxin Peng
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Qianji Ning
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
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16
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Zhao C, Peng C, Wang P, Yan L, Fan S, Qiu L. Identification of a Shrimp E3 Ubiquitin Ligase TRIM50-Like Involved in Restricting White Spot Syndrome Virus Proliferation by Its Mediated Autophagy and Ubiquitination. Front Immunol 2021; 12:682562. [PMID: 34046043 PMCID: PMC8144704 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.682562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Most tripartite motif (TRIM) family proteins are critical components of the autophagy machinery and play important roles in host defense against viral pathogens in mammals. However, the roles of TRIM proteins in autophagy and viral infection have not been studied in lower invertebrates, especially crustaceans. In this study, we first identified a TRIM50-like gene from Penaeus monodon (designated PmTRIM50-like), which, after a white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenge, was significantly upregulated at the mRNA and protein levels in the intestine and hemocytes. Knockdown of PmTRIM50-like led to an increase in the WSSV quantity in shrimp, while its overexpression led to a decrease compared with the controls. Autophagy can be induced by WSSV or rapamycin challenge and has been shown to play a positive role in restricting WSSV replication in P. monodon. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PmTRIM50-like significantly increased with the enhancement of rapamycin-induced autophagy. The autophagy activity induced by WSSV or rapamycin challenge could be inhibited by silencing PmTRIM50-like in shrimp. Further studies showed that rapamycin failed to induce autophagy or inhibit WSSV replication after knockdown of PmTRIM50-like. Moreover, pull-down and in vitro ubiquitination assays demonstrated that PmTRIM50-like could interact with WSSV envelope proteins and target them for ubiquitination in vitro. Collectively, this study demonstrated that PmTRIM50-like is required for autophagy and is involved in restricting the proliferation of WSSV through its ubiquitination. This is the first study to report the role of a TRIM family protein in virus infection and host autophagy in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, China
| | - Chao Peng
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, China
| | - Lulu Yan
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, China
| | - Sigang Fan
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Beijing, China
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17
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Liu Y, Su Y, Zhang A, Cui Z. A C-Type Lectin Highly Expressed in Portunus trituberculatus Intestine Functions in AMP Regulation and Prophenoloxidase Activation. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10050541. [PMID: 34066980 PMCID: PMC8151143 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A C-type lectin (PtCLec2) from Portunus trituberculatus was identified for characterization of its role in defense and innate immunity. PtCLec2 contains a single carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) with a conserved QPD motif, which was predicted to have galactose specificity. The mRNA expression of PtCLec2 was predominantly detected in intestine and increased rapidly and significantly upon pathogen challenge. The recombinant PtCLec2 (rPtCLec2) could bind various microorganisms and PAMPs with weak binding ability to yeast and PGN. It agglutinated the tested Gram-negative bacteria (Vibrio alginolyticus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus), and rabbit erythrocytes in the presence of exogenous Ca2+, and these agglutination activities were suppressed by LPS, d-galactose, and d-mannose. Further, rPtCLec2 enhanced phagocytosis and clearance of V. alginolyticus, and displayed inhibitory activities against the tested bacteria. Knockdown of PtCLec2 decreased the transcription of two phagocytosis genes (PtArp and PtMyosin), three prophenoloxidase (proPO) system-related genes (PtPPAF, PtcSP1, and PtproPO), six antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) (PtALF4-7, PtCrustin1, and PtCrustin3), and PtRelish but upregulated the expression levels of PtJNK, PtPelle, and PtTLR. These results collectively indicate that PtCLec2 might perform its immune recognition function via binding and agglutination, and mediate pathogen elimination via regulating hemocyte phagocytosis, AMP synthesis, and proPO activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (A.Z.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-532-8289-8637
| | - Yue Su
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (A.Z.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (A.Z.)
| | - Zhaoxia Cui
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
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18
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Regulators and signalling in insect antimicrobial innate immunity: Functional molecules and cellular pathways. Cell Signal 2021; 83:110003. [PMID: 33836260 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Insects possess an immune system that protects them from attacks by various pathogenic microorganisms that would otherwise threaten their survival. Immune mechanisms may deal directly with the pathogens by eliminating them from the host organism or disarm them by suppressing the synthesis of toxins and virulence factors that promote the invasion and destructive action of the intruder within the host. Insects have been established as outstanding models for studying immune system regulation because innate immunity can be explored as an integrated system at the level of the whole organism. Innate immunity in insects consists of basal immunity that controls the constitutive synthesis of effector molecules such as antimicrobial peptides, and inducible immunity that is activated after detection of a microbe or its product(s). Activation and coordination of innate immune defenses in insects involve evolutionary conserved immune factors. Previous research in insects has led to the identification and characterization of distinct immune signalling pathways that modulate the response to microbial infections. This work has not only advanced the field of insect immunology, but it has also rekindled interest in the innate immune system of mammals. Here we review the current knowledge on key molecular components of insect immunity and discuss the opportunities they present for confronting infectious diseases in humans.
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Peng C, Zhao C, Wang P, Yan L, Fan S, Qiu L. TRIM9 is involved in facilitating Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection by inhibition of relish pathway in Penaeus monodon. Mol Immunol 2021; 133:77-85. [PMID: 33636432 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tripartite motif-containing 9 (TRIM9) has been demonstrated to exert important roles in regulation of innate immune signaling. In this study, a novel TRIM9 homolog was identified from Penaeus monodon (named PmTRIM9). The open reading frame (ORF) of PmTRIM9 was 2064 bp, which encoding a 687-amino-acid polypeptide. Following Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge, the expression levels of PmTRIM9 mRNA were significantly down-regulated in tested tissues. RNA interference and recombinant protein injection experiments were performed to explore the function of PmTRIM9, and the results showed it could facilitate V. parahaemolyticus replication and lead P. monodon more vulnerable to V. parahaemolyticus challenge. The dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that PmTRIM9 possessed the ability to inhibit the promoter activity in HEK293 T cells. Silencing of PmTRIM9 could increase the expression of the major NF-κB transcription factor, PmRelish. Further studies showed that knockdown of PmRelish promoted the V. parahaemolyticus infection and decreased the expression of specific antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), including PmCRU5, PmCRU7, PmALF6, PmALF3, PmLYZ and PmPEN5. However, knockdown of PmTRIM9 increased expression levels of the same AMPs, but except for PmCRU5, indicating that PmTRIM9 may negatively regulate the PmRelish-mediated expression of AMPs. All these results suggest that PmTRIM9 was involved in facilitating V. parahaemolyticus infection by inhibition of Relish pathway in P. monodon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Resources, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, Hainan Province, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lulu Yan
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Sigang Fan
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, Hainan Province, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, China.
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20
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Bi J, Ning M, Li J, Zhang P, Wang L, Xu S, Zhong Y, Wang Z, Song Q, Li B. A C-type lectin with dual-CRD from Tribolium castaneum is induced in response to bacterial challenge. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:3965-3974. [PMID: 32519818 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND C-type lectins (CTLs), a group of pattern recognition receptors, are involved in regulating the immune response of insects and could be used as potential targets for pest control. However, information about roles of CTLs in the innate immunity of Tribolium castaneum, a serious, worldwide pest that damages stored grain products, is relatively scarce. RESULTS Here, a CTL with dual carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs) containing a highly conserved WHD (Trp53 -His54 -Asp55 ) motif was identified in T. castaneum and named as TcCTL3. Spatiotemporal analysis showed that TcCTL3 was highly expressed in all developmental stages except early eggs, and mainly distributed in central nervous system and hemolymph. The transcript levels of TcCTL3 were significantly increased after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan (PGN) stimulation. Recombinant TcCTL3 was able to bind directly to LPS, PGN and all tested bacteria and induce a broad spectrum of microbial agglutination in the presence of Ca2+ . The binding was shown mainly through CRD1 domain of TcCTL3. When TcCTL3 was knocked down by RNA interference, expression of nine antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) (attacin1, attacin2, attacin3, defensins1, defensins2, coleoptericin1, coleoptericin2, cecropins2 and cecropins3) and four transcription factors (TFs) (dif1, dif2, relish and jnk) were significantly decreased under LPS and PGN stimulation, leading to increased mortality of T. castaneum when infected with Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus or Gram-negative Escherichia coli infection. CONCLUSION TcCTL3 could mediate the immune response in T. castaneum via the pattern recognition, agglutination and AMP expression. These findings indicate a potential mechanism of TcCTL3 in resisting bacteria and provide an alternative molecular target for pest control. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxiu Bi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingxiao Ning
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lumen Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shi Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qisheng Song
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Bin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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21
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Zhang K, Liu X, Li X, Liu Y, Yu H, Liu J, Zhang Q. Antibacterial functions of a novel fish-egg lectin from spotted knifejaw (Oplegnathus punctatus) during host defense immune responses. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 111:103758. [PMID: 32502504 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fish-egg lectins (FELs) have been identified in several teleost species and have been proved to play important roles in innate immune system against pathogen infection. In this study a novel fish-egg lectin (OppFEL) was identified from spotted knifejaw (Oplegnathus punctatus), and the expression patterns against bacterial infection was characterized. The amino acid sequence is highly homologous to other teleost FELs, containing five repeats of the conserved TECPR domain. Expression of OppFEL was widely observed in examined tissues, with the most abundant transcripts observed in gill, showing a pattern of tissue specific expression. The OppFEL expression was significantly up-regulated following a Gram-negative bacterium (Vibrio anguillarum) challenge in vivo, suggesting participation in host antibacterial immune responses. Recombinant OppFEL protein (rOppFEL) possessed calcium dependent binding capacities and agglutination to four Gram-negative bacterium and two Gram-positive bacterium. Sugar binding assay revealed that rOppFEL specifically bound to insoluble lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan. In addition, rOppFEL was also proved to have hemagglutinating activity against erythrocytes from Mus musculus, O. punctatus, Sebastes schlegelii and Paralichthys olivaceus. Dual-luciferase analysis showed that overexpression of OppFEL could suppress the activity of NF-κB in a dose dependent manner. Taken together, these results suggest that OppFEL is a unique fish-egg lectin that possesses apparent immunomodulating property and is involved in host defense against pathogens invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaobing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yuxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao -National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Jinxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao -National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Quanqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao -National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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22
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Niu J, Liu X, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Tang J, Wang B, Lu Y, Cai J, Jian J. A tandem-repeat galectin-4 from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is involved in immune response to bacterial infection via mediating pathogen recognition and opsonization. Mol Immunol 2020; 127:67-77. [PMID: 32927166 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Galectins are the family of carbohydrate-binding proteins that participate in host-pathogen interaction. In this study, a galectin-4 homolog (OnGal-4) from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was characterized. The open reading frame of OnGal-4 was 1194 bp, encoding a peptide of 397 amino including two CRD regions and two carbohydrate recognition sites. OnGal-4 mRNA was expressed in all examined tissues with the highest level in spleen. After Streptococcus agalactiae (S.agalactiae) challenge, the OnGal-4 expression was up-regulated in the spleen, head kidney, brain, and monocytes/macrophages (Mo/MΦ). The in vitro experiments showed that recombinant OnGal-4 (rOnGal-4) protein could bind and agglutinate S.agalactiae and A.hydrophila. Also, rOnGal-4 could induce cytokines expressions and increased bactericidal activity of Mo/MΦ. Further in vivo analysis indicated that OnGal-4 overexpression could protect O.niloticus from S.agalactiae infection through modulating inflammation response. Our study suggested that OnGal-4 could improve immune response against bacterial infection by mediating pathogen recognition and opsonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhong Niu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, GD, China
| | - Xinchao Liu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, GD, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, GD, China
| | - Yu Huang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, GD, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong ProvincialEngineeringResearchCenter for AquaticAnimalHealthAssessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Jufen Tang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, GD, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong ProvincialEngineeringResearchCenter for AquaticAnimalHealthAssessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, GD, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong ProvincialEngineeringResearchCenter for AquaticAnimalHealthAssessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, GD, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong ProvincialEngineeringResearchCenter for AquaticAnimalHealthAssessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Jia Cai
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, GD, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong ProvincialEngineeringResearchCenter for AquaticAnimalHealthAssessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China; Guangxi Key Lab for Marine Natural Products and Combinational Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Centre, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China.
| | - Jichang Jian
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, GD, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong ProvincialEngineeringResearchCenter for AquaticAnimalHealthAssessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
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23
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Qu B, Ma Z, Yao L, Gao Z, Zhang S. Preserved antibacterial activity of ribosomal protein S15 during evolution. Mol Immunol 2020; 127:57-66. [PMID: 32927165 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Conventional role of ribosomal proteins is ribosome assembly and protein translation, but some ribosomal proteins also show antimicrobial peptide (AMP) activity, though their mode of action remains ill-defined. Here we demonstrated for the first time that amphioxus RPS15, BjRPS15, was a previously uncharacterized AMP, which was not only capable of identifying Gram-negative and -positive bacteria via interaction with LPS and LTA but also capable of killing the bacteria. We also showed that both the sequence and 3D structure of RPS15 and its prokaryotic homologs were highly conserved, suggesting its antibacterial activity is universal across widely separated taxa. Actually this was supported by the facts that the residues positioned at 45-67 formed the core region for the antimicrobial activity of BjRPS15, and its prokaryotic counterparts, including Nitrospirae RPS1933-55, Aquificae RPS1933-55 and P. syringae RPS1950-72, similarly displayed antibacterial activities. BjRPS15 functioned by both interaction with bacterial surface via LPS and LTA and membrane depolarization as well as induction of intracellular ROS. Moreover, we showed that RPS15 existed extracellularly in amphioxus, shrimp, zebrafish and mice, hinting it may play a critical role in systematic immunity in different animals. In addition, we found that neither BjRPS15 nor its truncated form BjRPS1545-67 were toxic to mammalian cells, making them promising lead molecules for the design of novel AMPs against bacteria. Collectively, these indicate that RPS15 is a new member of AMP with ancient origin and high conservation throughout evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baozhen Qu
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zengyu Ma
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lan Yao
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zhan Gao
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shicui Zhang
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266003, China.
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24
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Ma Z, Qu B, Yao L, Gao Z, Zhang S. Identification and functional characterization of ribosomal protein S23 as a new member of antimicrobial protein. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 110:103730. [PMID: 32423862 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies show that some ribosomal proteins possess antimicrobial peptide (AMP) activity. However, information as such remains rather fragmentary and rather limited. We showed here for the first time that amphioxus RPS23, BjRPS23, was a previously uncharacterized AMP. It not only acted as a pattern recognition receptor, capable of identifying LPS, LTA and PGN, but also an effector, capable of killing the Gram-negative and -positive bacteria. We also showed that the residues positioned at 67-84 formed the core region for the antimicrobial activity of BjRPS23, and its orthologues Verrucomicrobia RPS1268-85 and Thermotoga RPS1265-82 similarly displayed some antibacterial activities. BjRPS23 functioned by a combined action of membranolytic mechanisms including interaction with bacterial membrane via LPS, LTA and PGN, and membrane depolarization. BjRPS23 also stimulated production of intracellular ROS in bacteria. Moreover, we demonstrated that RPS23 existed across widely separated taxa, and might play a universal role in protection against bacterial infection in different animals. In addition, we found that neither BjRPS23 nor its truncated form BjRPS2367-84 were cytotoxic to mammalian cells, making them promising lead molecules for the design of novel peptide antibiotics against bacteria. Collectively, these indicate that RPS23 is a new member of AMP with ancient origin and high conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengyu Ma
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Baozhen Qu
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lan Yao
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zhan Gao
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shicui Zhang
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266003, China.
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25
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Niu J, Huang Y, Liu X, Wu F, Tang J, Wang B, Lu Y, Cai J, Jian J. Fish Galectin8-Like Exerts Positive Regulation on Immune Response Against Bacterial Infection. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1140. [PMID: 32676073 PMCID: PMC7333315 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-8 is a member of the galectin family that is involved in immune response against pathogens. However, the roles of fish galectin-8 during pathogen infection require comprehensive studies. In this study, a galectin-8 homolog (OnGal8-like, OnGal8-L) was characterized from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), and its roles in response to bacterial infection were analyzed. The OnGal8-L contains an open reading frame of 891 bp, encoding a peptide of 296 amino acids with two CRD regions of tandem-repeat galectin and two carbohydrate recognition sites. The OnGal8-L protein shares 46.42% identities with reported Oreochromis niloticus galectin-8 protein. Transcriptional expression analysis revealed that OnGal8-L was constitutively expressed in all examined tissues and was highly expressed in spleen. The transcript levels of OnGal8-L were up-regulated in the spleen, head kidney, and brain, following Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) challenge. Further in vitro analysis indicated that the recombinant protein of OnGal8-L (rOnGal8L) could agglutinate erythrocyte, S. agalactiae, and A. hydrophila and bind S. agalactiae, A. hydrophila, and various PAMPs (lipopolysaccharides, lipoteichoic acid, poly I:C, peptidoglycan, galactose, mannose, and maltose). Also, rOnGal8L could regulate inflammatory-related gene expression, phagocytosis, and a respiratory burst of monocytes/macrophages. Moreover, in vivo analysis showed that OnGal8-L overexpression could protect O. niloticus from S. agalactiae infection through modulating serum antibacterial activity (AKP, ACP, and LZM), antioxidant capacity (CAT, POD, and SOD), and monocyte/macrophage proliferation and cytokine expression, as well as reducing bacterial burden and decreasing tissue damage. Our results collectively indicate that OnGal8-L plays important regulatory roles in immune response against bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhong Niu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinchao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Fenglei Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jufen Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yishan Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jia Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China.,Guangxi Key Lab for Marine Natural Products and Combinational Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Jichang Jian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China
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26
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Su Y, Liu Y, Gao F, Cui Z. A novel C-type lectin with a YPD motif from Portunus trituberculatus (PtCLec1) mediating pathogen recognition and opsonization. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:103609. [PMID: 31923433 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins are a superfamily of Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate-recognition proteins that function as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in innate immune system. In this study, a new C-type lectin was identified from the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus (PtCLec1). The full-length cDNA of PtCLec1 was 873 bp encoding 176 amino acids. The predicted PtCLec1 protein contained a signal peptide and a single carbohydrate-recognition domain with a special YPD motif. The PtCLec1 transcripts were mainly detected in hepatopancreas and its relative expression levels were significantly up-regulated after the challenges of Vibrio alginolyticus, Micrococcus luteus and Pichia pastoris. The recombinant PtCLec1 (rPtCLec1) could bind all the tested pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), including lipopolysaccharides (LPS), peptidoglycan (PGN) and glucan (GLU), and microorganisms, including V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, M. luteus and P. pastoris. It also exhibited strong activity to agglutinate bacteria and yeast in a Ca2+-dependent manner, and such agglutinating activity could be inhibited by d-galactose and LPS. Moreover, rPtCLec1 revealed antimicrobial activity against the tested Gram-negative (V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus and P. aeruginosa) and Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus and M. luteus), and promoted the clearance of V. alginolyticus in vivo and hemocyte phagocytosis in vitro. Knockdown of PtCLec1 could down-regulate the expression of phagocytosis-related genes, but enhance the expression levels of prophenoloxidase (proPO) system-related genes, mannose-binding lectin (MBL), antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), MyD88 and Relish. All these results indicate that PtCLec1 might act as a PRR in immune recognition and an opsonin in pathogen elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Su
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Fengtao Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhaoxia Cui
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, Ningbo, 315211, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
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Yang Q, Wang P, Yang S, Li X, Zhang X, Ji G, Zhang S, Wang S, Li H. A novel hepatic lectin of zebrafish Danio rerio is involved in innate immune defense. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:670-680. [PMID: 31689552 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ASGPR (asialoglycoprotein receptor, also known as hepatic lectin) was the first identified animal lectin, which participated in a variety of physiological processes. Yet its detailed immune functions are not well studied in lower vertebrates. After reporting a zebrafish hepatic lectin (Zhl), we identified a novel hepatic lectin (zebrafish hepatic lectin-like, Zhl-l) in zebrafish. The zhl-l was mainly expressed in liver in a tissue specific manner. And challenge with LPS/LTA induced a significant change of zhl-l expression. What's more, recombinant C-type lectin domain (rCTLD) of Zhl-l had the activity of agglutinating and binding to both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. It promoted the phagocytosis of bacteria by carp macrophages. Moreover, rCTLD could bind to insoluble lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and peptidoglycan (PGN) independent of Ca2+, which was inhibited by galactose. Interestingly, Zhl-l was located in the membrane, and its overexpression could upregulate the production of pre-inflammatory cytokines. Taken together, these results indicated that Zhl-l played a role in immune defense, and would provide further information to understand functions of C-type lectin family and the innate immunity in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Yang
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Qingdao, 266003, China; Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Qingdao, 266003, China; Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shuaiqi Yang
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Qingdao, 266003, China; Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xianpeng Li
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Qingdao, 266003, China; Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiangmin Zhang
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Qingdao, 266003, China; Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Guangdong Ji
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Qingdao, 266003, China; Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shicui Zhang
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Qingdao, 266003, China; Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Su Wang
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Qingdao, 266003, China; Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
| | - Hongyan Li
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Qingdao, 266003, China; Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Yu S, Shen Z, Han X, Chai Y, Liu Y, Liu J, Lin X, Cui M, Zhang F, Li Q, Zhu Q. Molecular characterization and complement activating functional analysis of a new collectin(TfCol-11) from Trachidermus fasciatus. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 102:103486. [PMID: 31473265 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The complement system is a crucial component of the innate immune system that links innate and adaptive immunity. CL-11, a protein similar to Mannose-binding lectin (MBL), plays significant role in the innate immune system in mammals and fish, serving as an initiator of the lectin pathway of complement activation. In this study, a CL-11 homolog (TfCol-11) was identified in roughskin sculpin (Trachidermus fasciatus), and its expression and role in immune responses were characterized. The open reading frame of TfCol-11 is 795 bp long, encoding a 264 amino acid polypeptide. The deduced amino acid sequence of this protein is highly homologous to sequences in other teleosts, and is similar to vertebrate CL-11, containing a canonical collagen-like region, a carbohydrate recognition domain, and a neck region. Recombinant TfCol-11 purified from Escherichia coli(E.coli) was able to bind to different microbes in a Ca2+-independent manner. Meanwhile, a 993 bp-long of partial MASP cDNA with a 96 bp 5' untranslated region (UTR) was also cloned from roughskin sculpin, containing 299 amino acids and consisting of three domains (CUB-EGF-CUB). qRT-PCR indicated that TfCol-11 and MASP mRNAs were predominately co-expressed in the liver. The temporal expression of TfCol-11 and MASP were both drastically up-regulated in the liver, skin, and blood by LPS challenge. Recombinant TfCol-11 purified from E.coli BL21(DE3) was able to agglutinate some bacteria in a Ca2+-dependent manner. In addition, an in vitro pull-down experiment demonstrated that TfCol-11 was able to bind to MASP, and in vivo experiments showed that TfCol-11 was associated with increased membrane attack complex (MAC) levels. It is therefore possible that TfCol-11 may plays a role in activating the complement system and in the defense against invading microorganisms in roughskin sculpin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yu
- Ocean College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, PR China
| | - Zilin Shen
- Ocean College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, PR China
| | - Xiaodi Han
- Ocean College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, PR China
| | - Yingmei Chai
- Ocean College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, PR China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Ocean College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, PR China
| | - Jian Liu
- Ocean College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, PR China
| | - Xiaopeng Lin
- Ocean College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, PR China
| | - Mengran Cui
- Ocean College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, PR China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Ocean College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, PR China
| | - Qiguang Li
- Ocean College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, PR China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Ocean College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, PR China.
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Han P, Han J, Zhang M, Fan J, Gong Q, Ma E, Zhang J. 20-Hydroxyecdysone enhances Immulectin-1 mediated immune response against entomogenous fungus in Locusta migratoria. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:304-313. [PMID: 31207079 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Entomogenous fungi are important factors in biological control, but innate immunity of insects restricts the efficiency of fungus infection. 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) is involved in regulating the immune response of insects. Our previous studies have revealed that 20E enhances the expression of antibacterial peptides in the worldwide pest Locusta migratoria. However, the mechanism by which 20E controls innate immunity against entomogenous fungi is still unknown. RESULTS In the present study, based on the transcriptome of L. migratoria fat bodies challenged by 20E, immulectin-1 (LmIML-1) was screened and identified to be involved in modulating antifungal immunity. Spatio-temporal expression analysis showed LmIML-1 was highly expressed in the fifth instar nymph stage, and mainly distributed in the fat bodies and hemolymph. Both exogenous and endogenous 20E could increase the transcription of LmIML-1. In contrast, transcription of LmIML-1 did not increase when the 20E signal was blocked by RNAi of LmEcR (ecdysone receptor). The expressed recombinant protein rLmIML-1 possessed agglutination activity and promoted the encapsulation. RNA interference of LmIML-1 reduced the encapsulation of hemocytes, decreased the antifungal activity of plasma against Metarhizium anisopliae and accelerated the death of nymphs under the stress of entomogenous fungus. Meanwhile, 20E did not increase the antifungal activity with silence of LmIML-1 in L. migratoria. CONCLUSION 20E enhances antifungal immunity by activating immulectin-1 in L. migratoria. Our findings indicate a potential mechanism of 20E systematically regulating innate immune response to resist pathogens and provide a well-defined molecular target for improving biological control. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Han
- Institute of Applied Biology and College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiao Han
- Institute of Applied Biology and College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Institute of Applied Biology and College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiqiao Fan
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qitian Gong
- Institute of Applied Biology and College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi, China
| | - Enbo Ma
- Institute of Applied Biology and College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi, China
| | - Jianzhen Zhang
- Institute of Applied Biology and College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi, China
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Niu J, Huang Y, Liu X, Luo G, Tang J, Wang B, Lu Y, Cai J, Jian J. Functional characterization of galectin-3 from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and its regulatory role on monocytes/macrophages. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 95:268-276. [PMID: 31655269 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Galectin-3 is a kind of β-galactoside-binding lectin involved in host defense against pathogen infection. However, the immune functions of fish galectin-3 remain poorly understood. In this study, the roles of a fish galectin-3 (OnGal-3) from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) on the binding activity on bacterial pathogens or PAMPs, the agglutinating activity on bacterial pathogens and the regulatory effects on monocytes/macrophages activity were investigated. After in vitro challenge of Streptococcus agalactiae and Aeromonas hydrophila, OnGal-3 expressions were significantly up-regulated in monocytes/macrophages. In addition, recombinant OnGal-3(rOnGal-3) protein showed strong binding activity on bacterial pathogens or PAMPs. Also, rOnGal-3 agglutinated Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, rOnGal-3 could induce the inflammatory factors expressions in monocytes/macrophages and enhance phagocytosis and respiratory burst activity of monocytes/macrophages. These results suggest that fish galectin-3 participates in anti-bacterial immune response through recognizing pathogens and modulating monocytes/macrophages activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhong Niu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yu Huang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Xinchao Liu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Guoling Luo
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jufen Tang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Jia Cai
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China; Guangxi Key Lab for Marine Biotechnology, Guangxi Institute of Oceanography, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Beihai, 536000, China.
| | - Jichang Jian
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
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Li M, Ma C, Zhu P, Yang Y, Lei A, Chen X, Liang W, Chen M, Xiong J, Li C. A new crustin is involved in the innate immune response of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 94:398-406. [PMID: 31521782 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Crustin is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) that plays a key role in the innate immunity of crustaceans. This study cloned a new crustin from Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, which we designated as LvCrustinB, using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The full-length cDNA of LvCrustinB is 751 bp with an open reading frame (ORF) of 591 bp encoding a peptide of 196 amino acids that includes a putative signal sequence. LvCrustinB is a type II crustin that has a glycine-rich region and a single whey acidic protein domain (WAP) domain. The mRNA transcript of LvCrustinB was detected in all examined tissues and was found to be most abundantly expressed in the epithelium and muscle. The expression of LvCrustinB in hemocytes was significantly upregulated after L. vannamei was challenged with LPS, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). When LvCrustinB was knocked down with RNAi, the mortality rate of L. vannamei significantly increased after V. parahaemolyticus or WSSV infection. Recombinant LvCrustinB was produced using Pichia pastoris GS115 and was shown to bind to 2 g-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and 2 g-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and V. parahaemolyticus) via polysaccharides, which included PGN, LTA, and LPS. In vivo, the recombinant LvCrustinB remarkably protected L. vannamei from V. parahaemolyticus infection. These results suggest that LvCrustinB plays an important role in innate immunity and may be potentially utilized as antibacterial agents in shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Institute of Fisheries, Nanning, PR China
| | - Chunxia Ma
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, PR China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gluf University, Qinzhou, PR China
| | - Yanhao Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Institute of Fisheries, Nanning, PR China
| | - Aiyingi Lei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Institute of Fisheries, Nanning, PR China
| | - Xiaohan Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Institute of Fisheries, Nanning, PR China
| | - Wanwen Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Institute of Fisheries, Nanning, PR China
| | - Ming Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Institute of Fisheries, Nanning, PR China
| | - Jianha Xiong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Institute of Fisheries, Nanning, PR China.
| | - Chaozheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol / School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, PR China.
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Bi J, Feng F, Li J, Mao J, Ning M, Song X, Xie J, Tang J, Li B. A C-type lectin with a single carbohydrate-recognition domain involved in the innate immune response of Tribolium castaneum. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 28:649-661. [PMID: 30843264 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins are one of the pattern-recognition proteins involved in innate immunity in invertebrates. Although there are 16 C-type lectin genes that have been identified in the genome of Tribolium castaneum, their functions and mechanisms in innate immunity remain unknown. Here, we identified one C-type lectin orthologue, TcCTL6 (TC003708), by sequencing random clones from the cDNA library of the coleopteran beetle, T. castaneum. TcCTL6 contains a 654 bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 217 amino acids that includes a single carbohydrate-recognition domain. The expression of TcCTL6 was significantly induced by Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and stimulation with carbohydrates, including lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan. A binding assay suggested that the recombinant TcCTL6 not only bound to lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan but also bound to Gram-positive (S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) in the presence of calcium ions. Furthermore, when TcCTL6 was knocked down by RNA interference, four antimicrobial peptides (attacin1, attacin2, coleoptericin1 and coleoptericin2) were significantly decreased. These results demonstrate that TcCTL6 plays a vital role in the immune response towards pathogen infection by influencing the expression of antimicrobial peptides and the agglutination of bacteria in the presence of calcium ions in T. castaneum.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - F Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - M Ning
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - X Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - B Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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Unno H, Itakura S, Higuchi S, Goda S, Yamaguchi K, Hatakeyama T. Novel Ca 2+ -independent carbohydrate recognition of the C-type lectins, SPL-1 and SPL-2, from the bivalve Saxidomus purpuratus. Protein Sci 2019; 28:766-778. [PMID: 30793424 PMCID: PMC6423708 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Novel Ca2+ -independent C-type lectins, SPL-1 and SPL-2, were purified from the bivalve Saxidomus purpuratus. They are composed of dimers with either identical (SPL-2 composed of two B-chains) or distinct (SPL-1 composed of A- and B-chains) polypeptide chains, and show affinity for N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)- and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)-containing carbohydrates, but not for glucose or galactose. A database search for sequence similarity suggested that they belong to the C-type lectin family. X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed definite structural similarities between their subunits and the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) of the C-type lectin family. Nevertheless, these lectins (especially SPL-2) showed Ca2+ -independent binding affinity for GlcNAc and GalNAc. The crystal structure of SPL-2/GalNAc complex revealed that bound GalNAc was mainly recognized via its acetamido group through stacking interactions with Tyr and His residues and hydrogen bonds with Asp and Asn residues, while widely known carbohydrate-recognition motifs among the C-type CRD (the QPD [Gln-Pro-Asp] and EPN [Glu-Pro-Asn] sequences) are not involved in the binding of the carbohydrate. Carbohydrate-binding specificities of individual A- and B-chains were examined by glycan array analysis using recombinant lectins produced from Escherichia coli cells, where both subunits preferably bound oligosaccharides having terminal GlcNAc or GalNAc with α-glycosidic linkages with slightly different specificities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Unno
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of EngineeringNagasaki UniversityNagasaki 852‐8521Japan
| | - Shuhei Itakura
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of EngineeringNagasaki UniversityNagasaki 852‐8521Japan
| | - Shuhei Higuchi
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of EngineeringNagasaki UniversityNagasaki 852‐8521Japan
| | - Shuichiro Goda
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of EngineeringNagasaki UniversityNagasaki 852‐8521Japan
| | - Kenichi Yamaguchi
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of FisheriesNagasaki UniversityNagasaki 852‐8521Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Hatakeyama
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of EngineeringNagasaki UniversityNagasaki 852‐8521Japan
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Bai Y, Niu D, Li Y, Bai Y, Lan T, Peng M, Dong Z, Sun F, Li J. Identification and characterisation of a novel small galectin in razor clam (Sinonovacula constricta) with multiple innate immune functions. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:11-17. [PMID: 30389517 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Galectins are lectins possessing an evolutionarily conserved carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) with affinity for β-galactoside. The key role played by innate immunity in invertebrates has recently become apparent. Herein, a full-length galectin (ScGal) was identified in razor clam (Sinonovacula constricta). The 528 bp open reading frame encodes a polypeptide of 176 amino acids with a single CRD and no signal peptide. ScGal mRNA transcripts were mainly expressed in hemolymph and gill, and were significantly up-regulated following bacterial challenge. Recombinant rScGal protein binds to and aggregates various bacteria, and has affinity for peptidoglycan, lipoteichoic acid and d-galactose. The protein also stimulates hemocytes to phagocytose invading bacterial pathogens. ScGal is an important immune factor in innate immunity, and a small protein with multiple important functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Bai
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Donghong Niu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yulin Bai
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Tianyi Lan
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Maoxiao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zhiguo Dong
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Fanyue Sun
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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Huang Y, Ren Q. HcCUB-Lec, a newly identified C-type lectin that contains a distinct CUB domain and participates in the immune defense of the triangle sail mussel Hyriopsis cumingii. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:66-77. [PMID: 30590065 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), C-type lectins (CTLs) play crucial roles in recognizing and eliminating pathogens in innate immunity. In this study, a novel CTL (HcCUB-Lec) was identified from the triangle sail mussel Hyriopsis cumingii. The full-length of HcCUB-Lec cDNA was 1558 bp with an open reading frame of 1281 bp that encodes a putative protein of 426 amino acid residues, including an N-terminal signal peptide, a complement Uegf Bmp1 (CUB) domain, a single carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD), and a transmembrane domain. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that HcCUB-Lec transcript was distributed in all examined tissues with the highest levels in hepatopancreas and was significantly upregulated in gills and hepatopancreas after immune challenge with Staphyloccocus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. When HcCUB-Lec was silenced by RNAi, the expression levels of three antimicrobial peptides, including whey acidic protein (HcWAP), defensin (HcDef), and lysozyme (HcLyso), were dramatically decreased in gills. The recombinant HcCUB-Lec and its individual CUB and CRD domains can bind with Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus and Bacillus subtilis), Gram-negative bacteria (V. parahaemolyticus and Aeromonas hydrophila), and polysaccharides (lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan). Moreover, rHcCUB-Lec and its domains could also agglutinate S. aureus and V. parahaemolyticus in the presence of Ca2+ and can clear V. parahaemolyticus in H. cumingii. Results of this study suggest that HcCUB-Lec acts as an antimicrobial PRR that participates in the innate immune responses of H. cumingii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210098, China.
| | - Qian Ren
- Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222005, China; College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
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Shi Y, Zhao X, Wang Z, Shao Y, Zhang W, Bao Y, Li C. Novel Ca 2+-independent C-type lectin involved in immune defense of the razor clam Sinonovacula constricta. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 84:502-508. [PMID: 30336286 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) are important pattern recognition molecules that participate in bacterial binding and agglutination by specific recognition of carbohydrates from pathogens. In this study, a full-length cDNA of CTL was cloned from Sinonovacula constricta (designated ScCTL-2). ScCTL-2 has a length of 981 bp, a 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of 47 bp, a short 3'-UTR of 37 bp, and an open reading frame (ORF) of 894 bp, which encodes a polypeptide of 298 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid of ScCTL-2 possesses a conserved carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) similar to that of C31-E171. Spatial distribution analysis demonstrated that ScCTL-2 was constitutively expressed in all tested tissues, with dominant expression in foot and siphon and weak expression in hepatopancreas. The mRNA expression level of ScCTL-2 in gills and hepatopancreas was significantly upregulated at 6 and 12 h after challenge with the pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The recombinant ScCTL-2 showed specific binding and agglutinate capacities to all examined Gram-negative bacterial species, namely, Escherichia coli, Vibro anguillarum, and V. parahaemolyticus in a Ca2+-independent manner. However, these binding activities were not detected in Gram-positive Micrococcus luteus. Our results indicated that ScCTL-2 could be a novel pattern recognition receptor that can specifically recognize Gram-negative microorganisms in the innate immunity of S. constricta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Shi
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Xuelin Zhao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Zhenhui Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Yina Shao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Yongbo Bao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, PR China.
| | - Chenghua Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China.
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Man X, Pan XT, Zhang HW, Wang Y, Li XC, Zhang XW. A mannose receptor is involved in the anti-Vibrio defense of red swamp crayfish. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 82:258-266. [PMID: 30099142 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mannose receptor (MR), a member of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), is the first MR family member to be discovered that plays a critical role in immunity. The function of MRs has been reported in mammals and teleosts while none in invertebrates. In the present study, we identified a MR-like gene (designated as PcMR) from red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. The PcMR cDNA is 6848 bp long with a 6288 bp open reading frame that encodes a polypeptide with 2095 amino acid residues. PcMR transcripts were mainly detected in hepatopancreas and hemocytes, and upregulated by Vibrio anguillarum challenge. The PcMR protein contained 14 C-type lectin domains (CTLDs) and they were divided into four fragments (CTLD 1-3, CTLD 4-6, CTLD 7-10, CTLD 11-14). The four recombinant proteins encoded by the four fragments were all expressed and purified. Microorganism-binding and sugar-binding assay showed that CTLD 1-3, CTLD 4-6, CTLD 7-10, CTLD 11-14 could bind to a variety of bacteria, as well as glycoconjugates on the bacterial surface. Moreover, they agglutinated bacteria in a calcium-dependent manner. Bacteria clearance experiment manifested that the mixed proteins facilitated the clearance of injected bacteria in crayfish. PcMR silencing by siRNA interference impaired the bacterial clearance ability. These results suggest PcMR is involved in the antibacterial defense of crayfish, and this study will help us better understand the functions of invertebrate MRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Man
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China; East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Xin-Tong Pan
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - Hong-Wei Zhang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - Xin-Cang Li
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China; Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Xiao-Wen Zhang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China.
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Runsaeng P, Kwankaew P, Utarabhand P. FmLC6: An ultimate dual-CRD C-type lectin from Fenneropenaeus merguiensis mediated its roles in shrimp defense immunity towards bacteria and virus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 80:200-213. [PMID: 29842930 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins are a member of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that can interact with pathogen-associated molecular patterns of invading microorganisms by using their conserved motifs in carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). The binding can trigger various immune responses in both direct and indirect mechanisms. Hereby, an ultimate C-type lectin with dual CRDs each of which containing a different motif was identified from hepatopancreas of Fenneropenaeus merguiensis (mentioned as FmLC6). The full-length cDNA of FmLC6 consisted of 1148 bp comprising one 1005 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a signal peptide and a mature protein of 317 residues. FmLC6 was composed of two CRDs with a highly conserved QPD (Gln-Pro-Asp) motif and one variant EPQ (Glu-Pro-Gln) motif for illustrating the carbohydrate binding affinity. The transcription of FmLC6 was detected only in hepatopancreas of normal shrimp. After injection with pathogens or immunostimulants, the expression of FmLC6 was significantly up-regulated and reached the highest level at 12 h post-injection except with lipoteichoic acid challenge. The FmLC6 expression was severely suppressed by knockdown based-silencing. This gene silencing with co-injection by Vibrio parahaemolyticus caused increasing in cumulative mortality and reduction of the median lethal time. Purified recombinant proteins of an entire ORF and two individual CRDs of FmLC6 produced in Escherichia coli could induce a broad spectrum of microbial agglutination with calcium dependence. The agglutination induced by rFmLC6, rCRD1 and rCRD2 was suppressed by galactose plus mannose, galactose and mannose, respectively which this event was confirmed by the inhibition of hemagglutination. All three recombinant proteins possessed ability to inhibit the bacterial growth with a dose-response. Purified rFmLC6 could bind directly to white spot syndrome virus particles and also its recombinant proteins including VP15, VP39A and VP28 with different affinity. Altogether, these results indicate that FmLC6 acts as a PRR to recognize invading microorganisms and leads to mediating the immune response to cooperation in pathogenic elimination via the binding, agglutination and antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phanthipha Runsaeng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
| | - Pattamaporn Kwankaew
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Prapaporn Utarabhand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
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Bai Y, Niu D, Bai Y, Li Y, Lan T, Peng M, Dong Z, Li J. Identification of a novel galectin in Sinonovacula constricta and its role in recognition of Gram-negative bacteria. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 80:1-9. [PMID: 29807120 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Galectins are soluble lectins that perform a pattern recognition function in invertebrate immunity and specifically recognise β-galactoside residues via conserved carbohydrate recognition domains. However, their function in bivalve molluscs has received little attention. Herein, a galectin (ScGal2) in razor clam (Sinonovacula constricta) consisting of a 507 bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 168 amino acids was identified and characterised. The protein includes a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD), and several residues involved in dimerisation were found. ScGal2 mRNAs were mainly detected in hemolymph and liver, and expression was upregulated significantly following challenge with Vibrio anguillarum. Recombinant rScGal2 protein displayed strong agglutination activity toward Gram-negative bacteria, and flow cytometry revealed that ScGal2 strongly promoted phagocytosis in hemocytes. These results suggest that ScGal2 plays an indispensable role in innate immunity in razor clam, and likely participates in immune recognition and clearance processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Bai
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Donghong Niu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Yulin Bai
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Tianyi Lan
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Maoxiao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhiguo Dong
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai 201306, China.
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Zhou J, Fang NN, Zheng Y, Liu KY, Mao B, Kong LN, Chen Y, Ai H. Identification and characterization of two novel C-type lectins from the larvae of housefly, Musca domestica L. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 98:e21467. [PMID: 29677385 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lectins and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are widely distributed in various insects and play crucial roles in primary host defense against pathogenic microorganisms. Two AMPs (cecropin and attacin) have been identified and characterized in the larvae of housefly. In this study, two novel C-type lectins (CTLs) were obtained from Musca domestica, while their agglutinating and antiviral properties were evaluated. Real-time PCR analysis showed that the mRNA levels of four immune genes (MdCTL1, MdCTL2, Cecropin, and Attacin) from M. domestica were significantly upregulated after injection with killed Gram-negative Escherichia coli. Moreover, purified MdCTL1-2 proteins can agglutinate E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus in the presence of calcium ions, suggesting their immune function is Ca2+ dependent. Sequence analysis indicated that typical WND and QPD motifs were found in the Ca2+ -binding site 2 of carbohydrate recognition domain from MdCTL1-2, which was consistent with their agglutinating activities. Subsequently, antiviral experiments indicated that MdCTL1-2 proteins could significantly reduce the infection rate of Spodoptera frugiperda 9 cells by the baculovirus Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus, indicating they might play important roles in insect innate immunity against microbial pathogens. In addition, MdCTL1-2 proteins could effectively inhibit the replication of influenza H1 N1 virus, which was similar to the effect of ribavirin. These results suggested that two novel CTLs could be considered a promising drug candidate for the treatment of influenza. Moreover, it is believed that the discovery of the CTLs with antiviral effects in M. domestica will improve our understanding of the molecular mechanism of insect immune response against viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Nai-Nai Fang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai-Yu Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Mao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Na Kong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Ai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
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Xu Y, Shi J, Hao W, Xiang T, Zhou H, Wang W, Meng Q, Ding Z. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis of Procambarus clakii hemocytes during Spiroplasma eriocheiris infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 77:438-444. [PMID: 29625245 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As a new-found aquaculture pathogen, Spiroplasma eriocheiris, has resulted in inconceivable economic losses in aquaculture. In the infection of S. eriocheiris, the Procambarus clakii hemocytes have indicated to be major target cells. What was designed to examine in our study is the hemocytes' immune response at the protein levels. Before the pathogen was injected and after 192 h of post-injection, the differential proteomes of the crayfish hemocytes were analyzed immediately by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantization (iTRAQ) labeling, followed by liquid chromatogramphytandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This research had identified a total of 285 differentially expressed proteins. Eighty-three and 202 proteins were up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively, caused by the S. eriocheiris infection. Up-regulated proteins included alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2M), vitellogenin, ferritin, etc. Down-regulated proteins, involved with serine protease, peroxiredoxin 6, 14-3-3-like protein, C-type lectin, cdc42 homolog precursor, etc. The prophenoloxidase-activating system, antimicrobial action involved in the immune responses of P. clarkii is considered to be damaged due to S. eriocheiris infection. The present work could lay the foundation for future research on the proteins related to the susceptibility/resistance of P. clarkii to S. eriocheiris. In addition, it is helpful for our understanding molecular mechanism of disease processes in crayfishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinbin Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Jinyan Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biofunctional Molecules & Aquatic Institute of Jiangsu Second Normal University, College of Life Science and Chemistry, Jiangsu Second Normal University, 77 West Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210013, China
| | - Wenjing Hao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Tao Xiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Haifeng Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Qingguo Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, China.
| | - Zhengfeng Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biofunctional Molecules & Aquatic Institute of Jiangsu Second Normal University, College of Life Science and Chemistry, Jiangsu Second Normal University, 77 West Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210013, China.
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Zhao LL, Hui K, Wang YQ, Wang Y, Ren Q, Li XC. Three newly identified galectin homologues from triangle sail mussel (Hyriopsis cumingii) function as potential pattern-recognition receptors. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 76:380-390. [PMID: 29475049 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Galactoside-binding lectins, also known as galectins, play crucial roles in innate immune response in invertebrates. In this study, three cDNA sequences from Hyriopsis cumingii were identified and collectively called HcGalec genes. Each of the three deduced HcGalec proteins contained a galactose-binding lectin domain or a GLECT domain. All the three HcGalec genes are mainly present in the hepatopancreas and gills, and their expression is induced at 24 h after bacterial challenge. Three recombinant HcGalec proteins can bind and agglutinate (Ca2+-dependent) various microorganisms, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These proteins can attach to mannan and peptidoglycan. Meanwhile, the expression of the three HcGalec genes in the gills were significantly down-regulated after dsRNA interference (HcGalec1-RNAi, HcGalec2-RNAi, and HcGalec3-RNAi) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus injection. The expression levels of some antimicrobial peptides, including lysozyme 1 and lysozyme 2, were also markedly decreased after dsRNA interference. Overall, these results suggested that these three HcGalec proteins may function as potential receptors participating in the innate immune responses of H. cumingii against bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Zhao
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200090, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Kaimin Hui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Yu-Qing Wang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yue Wang
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Qian Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222005, China.
| | - Xin-Cang Li
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200090, China.
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43
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Phupet B, Pitakpornpreecha T, Baowubon N, Runsaeng P, Utarabhand P. Lipopolysaccharide- and β-1,3-glucan-binding protein from Litopenaeus vannamei: Purification, cloning and contribution in shrimp defense immunity via phenoloxidase activation. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 81:167-179. [PMID: 29191550 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide- and β-1,3-glucan-binding protein (LGBP) existed in diversity of invertebrates including shrimp plays a crucial role in an innate immunity via mediating the recognition of invading pathogens. In this study, LGBP was cloned and characterized from the hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei, named as LvLGBP. Its full-length cDNA of 1282 bp contained an open reading frame (1101 bp) encoding a peptide of 367 amino acids. The LGBP primary structure contained a glycosyl hydrolase domain, two integrin binding motifs, two kinase C phosphorylation sites, and two polysaccharide recognition motifs which were identified as a polysaccharide binding motif and a β-1,3-glucan recognition motif. The LvLGBP transcripts were expressed mainly in the hepatopancreas. Upon challenge with Vibrio parahaemolyticus or white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), the LvLGBP mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated to reach a maximum at 48 h post injection. Its expression was also induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or β-1,3-glucan stimulation. RNAi-based silencing resulted in the critical suppression of LvLGBP expression. Knockdown of LvLGBP gene with co-inoculation by V. parahaemolyticus or WSSV led to increase in the cumulative mortality and reduce in the median lethal time. Native LGBP was detected only in the hepatopancreas as verified by Western blotting. Purified LGBP from the hepatopancreas exhibited the agglutinating and binding activity towards Gram-negative bacterium V. parahaemolyticus with calcium-dependence. Its agglutinating activity was dominantly inhibited by LPS with higher potential than β-1,3-glucan. Purified LvLGBP could significantly activate the hemocyte phenoloxidase activity in the presence of LPS (12.9 folds), while slight activation was detected with β-1,3-glucan (2.0 folds). It could enhance the encapsulation by hemocytes but did not have antibacterial activity. These results provided evidence that LvLGBP might act as a pathogenic recognition protein to activate shrimp immune defense against invading pathogens via the agglutination, binding and enhancing encapsulation and phenoloxidase activity of the hemocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjaporn Phupet
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Thanawat Pitakpornpreecha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Nuntaporn Baowubon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Phanthipha Runsaeng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Prapaporn Utarabhand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
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Zhou M, Abbas MN, Kausar S, Jiang CX, Dai LS. Transcriptome profiling of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) hepatopancreas in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 71:423-433. [PMID: 29056487 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The RNA-sequencing followed by de novo assembly generated 61,912 unigene sequences of P. clarkii hepatopancreas. Comparison of gene expression between LPS challenged and PBS control samples revealed 2552 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Of these sequences, 1162 DEGs were differentially up-regulated and 1360 DEGs differentially down-regulated. The DEGs were then annotated against gene ontology (GO) database and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. Some immune-related pathways such as PPAR signaling pathway, lysosome, Chemical carcinogenesis, Peroxisome were predicted by canonical pathways analysis. The reliability of transcriptome data was validated by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for the selected genes. The data presented here shed light into antibacterial immune responses of crayfish. In addition, these results suggest that transcriptomic data provides valuable sequence resource for immune-related gene identification and helps to understand P. clarkii immune functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Abbas
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Saima Kausar
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Cheng-Xi Jiang
- Life Sciences Institute, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
| | - Li-Shang Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
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Senghoi W, Runsaeng P, Utarabhand P. FmLC5, a putative galactose-binding C-type lectin with two QPD motifs from the hemocytes of Fenneropenaeus merguiensis participates in shrimp immune defense. J Invertebr Pathol 2017; 150:136-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Khimmakthong U, Sukkarun P. The spread of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in tissues of the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei analyzed by PCR and histopathology. Microb Pathog 2017; 113:107-112. [PMID: 29056496 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
V. parahaemolyticus are bacteria that cause the Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND), or Early Mortality Syndrome (EMS), in shrimp. To further understand the pathogenesis mechanisms of V. parahaemolyticus infection in shrimp, the spreading of this bacterium in various tissues was investigated. The spread of infection in shrimp that were exposed to seawater bacteria was studied by PCR and histopathology at 1 min, 1, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after exposure. The PCR results showed that V. parahaemolyticus was at its most widespread at 6 h after exposure, at which point V. parahaemolyticus was found in the gills, hepatopancreas, intestine, muscles, and hemolymph. However, examinations after 6 h of infection found only small amounts of V. parahaemolyticus in hepatopancreas and intestines. Histopathology of the hepatopancreas showed abnormalities on gross examination at 1 min-72 h after exposure. This study indicates that V. parahaemolyticus can spread quickly by using the hepatopancreas as the target tissue. After 6 h of infection, V. parahaemolyticus was eliminated by immune system while their toxins still caused damage to shrimp tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umaporn Khimmakthong
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, Thungyai Sub-district, Thungyai District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, 80240, Thailand.
| | - Pimwarang Sukkarun
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, Thungyai Sub-district, Thungyai District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, 80240, Thailand
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Runsaeng P, Puengyam P, Utarabhand P. A mannose-specific C-type lectin from Fenneropenaeus merguiensis exhibited antimicrobial activity to mediate shrimp innate immunity. Mol Immunol 2017; 92:87-98. [PMID: 29055189 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Being one type of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), lectins exhibit a crucial role in the defense mechanism of invertebrates which are deficient in an adaptive immune system. A new C-type lectin called FmLC3 was isolated from hepatopancreas of Fenneropenaeus merguiensis by cloning approaches, RT-PCR and 5' and 3' RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends). A full-length cDNA of FmLC3 contains 607 bp with one open reading frame of 480bp, encoding a 159-amino acids peptide. The predicted primary structure of FmLC3 is composed of a signal peptide, a carbohydrate recognition domain with an EPN motif and one Ca2+ binding site-2, including a double-loop region assisted by two conserved disulfide linkages. FmLC3 had a molecular mass of 17.96kDa and pI of 4.92. In normal or unchallenged shrimp, the mRNA expression of FmLC3 was detected only in hepatopancreas whilst its native proteins were found in hemolymph, heart, stomach and intestine but not in the expressed tissue, indicating that after being synthesized in hepatopancreas, FmLC3 would be secreted to other tissues. The significant up-regulation of FmLC3 was manifested in shrimp challenged with Vibrio harveyi or white spot syndrome virus. After knockdown with gene-specific double-stranded RNA and following by co-pathogenic inoculation, the FmLC3 expression was severely suppressed with coherence of increasing in cumulative mortality and reduction of the median lethal time. Recombinant FmLC3 (rFmLC3) had agglutinating activity towards diverse bacterial strains in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Its activity was inhibited by lipopolysaccharide and mannose, implying that FmLC3 was mannose-binding C-type lectin. Moreover, rFmLC3 could bind directly to various microbial strains with Ca2+-requirement. Otherwise, rFmLC3 exhibited the antimicrobial activity by inhibiting effectively the microbial growth in vitro. All these results signified that FmLC3 might act as PRR to recognize with a broad specificity for diverse pathogens, and contribute in shrimp immune response via the agglutination, binding and antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phanthipha Runsaeng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Peerapong Puengyam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Prapaporn Utarabhand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
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Denis M, Mullaivanam Ramasamy S, Thayappan K, Munusamy A. Immune response of anti-lectin Pjlec antibody in freshwater crab Paratelphusa jacquemontii. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 104:1212-1222. [PMID: 28690166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Sialic acid specific lectin Pjlec isolated from serum of the freshwater crab Paratelphusa jacquemontii served as an antigen for the production of immunoglobulin (Ig) in Balb/c mice sera. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of mice anti-sera with Pjlec lectin affirmed the induction and production of antibody. Anti-Pjlec antibody was isolated from the antisera of mice by Protein A Sepharose affinity chromatography and checked for purity by immunoblot with lectin. Mass spectrometry (MS/MS) of papain digethe peptide sequence of antigen binding fragment (Fab) and fragment crystallizable (Fc). Coatingsted anti-Pjlec revealed of anti-Pjlec to the target cell, rabbit erythrocyte failed to enhance in vitro phagocytosis in the crab. However, inoculation of anti-Pjlec in the hemolymph of the crab elicited in vitro phagocytosis. Proteins in hemocyte lysate supernatant (HLS) were separated by electrophoresis failed to immunoblot with Pjlec or anti-Pjlec. Peptide sequences of trypsin digested lectin protein appeared homologous to deuterostome chordate. The protostome crab that lack the ability to synthesize sialic acid however bind to sialic acid a deuterostome sugar to suggest the complexity in innate immune system of invertebrates. The application of lectin and its antibody require further study on application of pathological conditions associated with alterations in sialylated cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maghil Denis
- Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600025, India.
| | | | - Karthigayani Thayappan
- Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600025, India
| | - Arumugam Munusamy
- Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600025, India
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Tashiro H, Sauer T, Shum T, Parikh K, Mamonkin M, Omer B, Rouce RH, Lulla P, Rooney CM, Gottschalk S, Brenner MK. Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia with T Cells Expressing Chimeric Antigen Receptors Directed to C-type Lectin-like Molecule 1. Mol Ther 2017; 25:2202-2213. [PMID: 28676343 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2017.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The successful immunotherapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has been hampered because most potential antigenic targets are shared with normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), increasing the risk of sustained and severe hematopoietic toxicity following treatment. C-type lectin-like molecule 1 (CLL-1) is a membrane glycoprotein expressed by >80% of AML but is absent on normal HSCs. Here we describe the development and evaluation of CLL-1-specific chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CLL-1.CAR-Ts) and we demonstrate their specific activity against CLL-1+ AML cell lines as well as primary AML patient samples in vitro. CLL-1.CAR-Ts selectively reduced leukemic colony formation in primary AML patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells compared to control T cells. In a human xenograft mouse model, CLL-1.CAR-Ts mediated anti-leukemic activity against disseminated AML and significantly extended survival. By contrast, the colony formation of normal progenitor cells remained intact following CLL-1.CAR-T treatment. Although CLL-1.CAR-Ts are cytotoxic to mature normal myeloid cells, the selective sparing of normal hematopoietic progenitor cells should allow full myeloid recovery once CLL-1.CAR-T activity terminates. To enable elective ablation of the CAR-T, we therefore introduced the inducible caspase-9 suicide gene system and we show that exposure to the activating drug rapidly induced a controlled decrease of unwanted CLL-1.CAR-T activity against mature normal myeloid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruko Tashiro
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Tim Sauer
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Internal Medicine A, Hematology and Oncology, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Thomas Shum
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kathan Parikh
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Maksim Mamonkin
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bilal Omer
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rayne H Rouce
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Premal Lulla
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cliona M Rooney
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stephen Gottschalk
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Malcolm K Brenner
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Huang X, Li T, Jin M, Yin S, Wang W, Ren Q. Identification of a Macrobrachium nipponense C-type lectin with a close evolutionary relationship to vertebrate lectins. Mol Immunol 2017; 87:141-151. [PMID: 28441623 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) are involved in the innate immune defense of vertebrates and invertebrates against invading pathogens. This study cloned and characterized a novel C-type lectin (MnCTL) of the oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense. The cloned MnCTL cDNA encompasses an open reading frame of 774 nucleotides and encodes polypeptides of 257 residues. The deduced MnCTL protein contains a single carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) with an EPN (Glu-Pro-Asn) motif in calcium-binding site 2. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that MnCTL has a closer evolutionary relationship with vertebrate lectins than with invertebrate lectins. Tissue expression analysis showed that high levels of MnCTL are ubiquitously distributed in the gills and stomach of M. nipponense. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that MnCTL expression was up-regulated by bacteria or white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenge. Knock-down of the MnCTL gene in WSSV-challenged prawns significantly decreased MnALF1 and MnALF2 transcript levels. The recombinant MnCRD (rMnCRD) agglutinated both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Vibrio parahaemolyticus) in the presence of calcium. Furthermore, rMnCRD could bind to all the tested bacteria with different activities. The sugar-binding assay showed that rMnCRD was able to bind lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, rMnCRD could accelerate bacterial clearance. On the contrary, MnCTL silencing by dsRNA interference could weaken the bacterial clearance ability. All these findings implicated MnCTL were involved in the antiviral and antibacterial innate immunity of M. nipponense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Tingting Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Min Jin
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resource, Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shaowu Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, PR China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, PR China
| | - Wen Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, PR China.
| | - Qian Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, PR China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, PR China.
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