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Huang Y, Zhao Y, Huang Y, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Hong S, Zhao H, Zhao S, Zhou T, Chen G, Zhou H, Ma Y, Zhou N, Zhang L, Fang W. Phase 1b trial of anti-HER2 antibody inetetamab and pan-HER inhibitor pyrotinib in HER2-positive advanced lung cancer. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e536. [PMID: 38685972 PMCID: PMC11057420 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
There remains an unmet need for targeted therapies against advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with HER2 mutations. To improve the antitumor activity of single anti-HER2 agent, this prospective, single-arm clinical trial (NCT05016544) examined the safety profile and efficacy of anti-HER2 antibody inetetamab and pan-HER TKI pyrotinib in HER2-posivite advanced NSCLC patients. Enrolled patients received inetetamab every 3 weeks and pyrotinib once per day (pyrotinib, dose-escalation part, 240 mg, 320 mg; dose-expansion part, 320 mg). Primary endpoints were dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) dosage and safety. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR). A total of 48 patients were enrolled. During the dose-escalation period, no DLT occurred. Diarrhea was the most commonly reported treatment-related adverse event (TRAE). Grade 3 TRAEs occurred in seven patients. The median PFS (mPFS) was 5.5 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.4-8.6 months]. The confirmed ORR and DCR reached 25% (11/44) and 84.1% (37/44), respectively. Responses were shown in patients with distinct HER2 aberrations. In summary, inetetamab in combination with pyrotinib demonstrated acceptable safety and antitumor activity among patients with advanced HER2-mutant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Huang
- Department of Medical OncologyState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPR China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Medical OncologyState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPR China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Medical OncologyState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPR China
| | - Yunpeng Yang
- Department of Medical OncologyState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPR China
| | - Yaxiong Zhang
- Department of Medical OncologyState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPR China
| | - Shaodong Hong
- Department of Medical OncologyState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPR China
| | - Hongyun Zhao
- Department of Clinical ResearchState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPR China
| | - Shen Zhao
- Department of Medical OncologyState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPR China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Medical OncologyState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPR China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Medical OncologyState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPR China
| | - Huaqiang Zhou
- Department of Medical OncologyState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPR China
| | - Yuxiang Ma
- Department of Clinical ResearchState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPR China
| | - Ningning Zhou
- Department of Medical OncologyState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical OncologyState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPR China
| | - Wenfeng Fang
- Department of Medical OncologyState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPR China
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Zhu K, Yang X, Tai H, Zhong X, Luo T, Zheng H. HER2-targeted therapies in cancer: a systematic review. Biomark Res 2024; 12:16. [PMID: 38308374 PMCID: PMC10835834 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00565-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Abnormal alterations in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2, neu, and erbB2) are associated with the development of many tumors. It is currently a crucial treatment for multiple cancers. Advanced in molecular biology and further exploration of the HER2-mediated pathway have promoted the development of medicine design and combination drug regimens. An increasing number of HER2-targeted drugs including specific monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The emergence of ADCs, has significantly transformed the treatment landscape for various tumors, such as breast, gastric, and bladder cancer. Classic monoclonal antibodies and novel TKIs have not only demonstrated remarkable efficacy, but also expanded their indications, with ADCs in particular exhibiting profound clinical applications. Moreover the concept of low HER2 expression signifies a breakthrough in HER2-targeted therapy, indicating that an increasing number of tumors and patients will benefit from this approach. This article, provides a comprehensive review of the underlying mechanism of action, representative drugs, corresponding clinical trials, recent advancements, and future research directions pertaining to HER2-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunrui Zhu
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, Cance Center, Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- College of Clinical Medical, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Hebei Tai
- College of Clinical Medical, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhong
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, Cance Center, Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, Cance Center, Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Hong Zheng
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, Cance Center, Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Jin N, Xu Y, Wang S, Sun C, Yan X, Yang F, Liang Y, Chen W, Huang X. Inetetamab combined with pyrotinib and oral vinorelbine for patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive advanced breast cancer: A single-arm phase 2 clinical trial. CANCER PATHOGENESIS AND THERAPY 2024; 2:31-37. [PMID: 38328709 PMCID: PMC10846324 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Background Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted agents have significantly improved the outcomes of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer; however, a large proportion of patients still develop resistance to trastuzumab. In this study, we investigated the efficacy and safety of inetetamab, another anti-HER2 antibody, combined with pyrotinib and oral vinorelbine in patients with HER2-positive advanced breast cancer so as to provide new ideas for the treatment. Methods In this prospective, single-arm, phase 2 trial, patients with HER2-positive advanced breast cancer with disease progression after trastuzumab were recruited. Patients received a combination of inetetamab (loading dose of 8 mg/kg and subsequent doses of 6 mg/kg intravenously once every 3 weeks), pyrotinib (400 mg orally once daily), and vinorelbine (60 mg/m2 orally once weekly) until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR), and safety. Results Between February 13, 2022 and December 25, 2022, 30 patients were screened and enrolled in this study. The median age of the patients at enrollment was 54 years, 12 patients (40.0 %) had hormone-receptor-positive disease and 23 patients (76.7 %) had visceral metastasis. The median PFS was 8.63 months (95 % confidence interval [CI] 4.15-13.12 months). The median OS was not reached. The ORR was 53.3 % (16/30) and the DCR was 96.7 % (29/30). The most common Grade III/IV adverse events were leukopenia (n = 5, 16.7 %), neutropenia (n = 4, 13.3 %), and diarrhea (n = 3, 10 %). No treatment-related serious adverse events or deaths occurred. Conclusions The combination regimen of inetetamab, pyrotinib, and oral vinorelbine showed encouraging efficacy and favorable safety in patients with HER2-positive advanced breast cancer and could be considered as an alternative treatment option for the patients. Trial registration No.NCT05823623; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Radiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Chunxiao Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Xueqi Yan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
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Liu B, Xie N, Tian C, Feng R, Hu ZY, Li J, Liu L, Xiao H, Yang X, Zeng M, Wu H, Lu J, Gao J, Hu X, Cao M, Shui Z, Tang Y, Wu T, Ouyang Q. Exploring the clinical outcomes and safety profile of inetetamab treatment in metastatic breast cancer patients: A multicenter assessment of a Chinese-origin recombinant Anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody. Breast 2023; 72:103597. [PMID: 37944341 PMCID: PMC10654023 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2023.103597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inetetamab is a novel recombinant humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of inetetamab and predictive factors for response in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients. METHODS A cohort of HER2-positive MBC patients who received inetetamab-based therapy between June 2020 and August 2021 was evaluated. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR). Adverse events (AEs) were graded according to the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria. RESULTS A total of 141 patients were included in the final analysis. The median PFS of the entire cohort was 7.1 months. The median number of treatment lines administered was three. The ORR was 36.9 %, and the DCR was 80.9 %. The most frequently employed treatment strategy was inetetamab + chemotherapy (49/141, 34.8 %), followed by inetetamab + HER2-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (HER2-TKIs) + chemotherapy, inetetamab + pertuzumab + chemotherapy, inetetamab + endocrine treatment and inetetamab + HER2-TKIs. Cox multivariate analysis revealed that PFS was associated with liver metastasis (hazard ratio [HR] 2.112, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.334-3.343, p = 0.001), previous HER2-TKI treatment (HR 2.019, 95 % CI 1.133-3.597, p = 0.017) and estrogen receptor positivity (HR 0.587, 95 % CI 0.370-0.934, p = 0.024). The toxicity was tolerable, with neutropenia being the most common treatment-related grade 3/4 AE (14.9 %). CONCLUSION Inetetamab demonstrates effectiveness with a manageable safety profile, offering a promising therapeutic option for HER2-positive breast cancer patients who have shown resistance to prior anti-HER2 treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binliang Liu
- Department of Breast Cancer Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Ning Xie
- Department of Breast Cancer Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Can Tian
- Department of Breast Cancer Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Ronghua Feng
- Department of Oncology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changde, Hunan, 415000, China
| | - Zhe-Yu Hu
- Department of Breast Cancer Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Breast Cancer Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Liping Liu
- Department of Breast Cancer Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Huawu Xiao
- Department of Breast Cancer Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Department of Breast Cancer Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Mengsi Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changde, Hunan, 415000, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Breast Cancer Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Breast Cancer Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Jianxiang Gao
- Department of Breast Cancer Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Xuming Hu
- Department of Breast Cancer Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Min Cao
- Department of Breast Cancer Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Zhengrong Shui
- Department of Breast Cancer Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Oncology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changde, Hunan, 415000, China.
| | - Quchang Ouyang
- Department of Breast Cancer Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.
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Singh S, Akhil Varri VS, Parekh K, Misra SK. Enhanced therapeutic action of Trastuzumab loaded Zn xMn 1-xFe 2O 4 nanoparticles using a pre-treatment step for hyperthermia treatment of HER2+ breast cancer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 232:113579. [PMID: 37864913 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Ferrites (Fe3O4, MnFe2O4, ZnFe2O4) and different stoichiometric ratios of ZnxMn1-xFe2O4 (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8) nanoparticles (<15 nm) were synthesized by microwave-assisted method and optimised for hyperthermia studies. The selection of the optimised variant of ferrite i.e. Zn0.4Mn0.6Fe2O4 was found to be the best variant based on VSM (38.14 emu g-1) hyperthermia-based temperature rise (maximum ΔT of 38 °C), SAR and ILP values. Trastuzumab, which is known to bind with HER2 receptors of breast cancer was chemically tethered onto Zn0.4Mn0.6Fe2O4 nanoparticles through EDC/NHS coupling with a loading efficiency of 80%. The attached Trastuzumab aided during the pre-treatment step by aiding in the internalisation of Zn0.4Mn0.6Fe2O4 nanoparticles, with cellular uptake of 11% in SK-BR-3 (cancerous HER2+) cells compared to ∼5% for MDA-MB-231 (cancerous HER2-) and RPE-1 (non-cancerous) cells. In the presence of a hyperthermia trigger for 15 mins, ZnxMn1-xFe2O4 -Trastuzumab formulation had a maximum therapeutic effect by reducing the SK-BR-3 cell viability to 14% without adversely affecting the RPE-1 cells. The mechanism of ZnxMn1-xFe2O4-Trastuzumab combination was examined using an internalisation study, MTT-based viability, proliferation study, and ROS generation assay. By utilizing both Trastuzumab and hyperthermia, we achieve their synergistic anticancer properties while minimizing the drug requirement and reducing any effect on non-cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simranjit Singh
- Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | | | - Kinnari Parekh
- Dr. K C Patel R & D Centre, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, 388421 Gujarat, India
| | - Superb K Misra
- Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India.
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Wang A, Li C, Jiang Q, Jiang S. Inetetamab in combination with rapamycin and chemotherapy for trastuzumab-treated metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer with abnormal activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6:e1864. [PMID: 37501598 PMCID: PMC10480495 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression is an independent prognostic factor of poor prognosis and a predictor of efficacy of anti-HER2 therapy. A limited number of patients can receive standard second-line therapy (DS-8201 or T-DM1) for metastatic HER2-positive in some parts of the world, including China, due to many factors, such as cost-benefit ratios. CASE A 51-year-old premenopausal woman was diagnosed with HER2-positive breast cancer. The pathological stage was ypT3N2M0 and stage IIIA. Trastuzumab targeted therapy combined with goserelin depot was started along with letrozole endocrine therapy. After eight courses of treatment, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination revealed new multiple metastases in the liver, and progression disease (PD) was evaluated. Due to abnormal activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway in the patient, treatment was changed to the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor combined with the anti-HER-2 agents inetetamab and paclitaxel, while partial response (PR) was evaluated after 6 cycles of treatment. As the patient was hormone receptor (HR) positive, treatment was changed to the inetetamab + rapamycin + exemestane regimen. The lesion continued to shrink and PR was evaluated for 8 cycles. The original regimen was continued, PR was evaluated after 12 courses of treatment. The abdominal MRI performed showed an increase in the volume of intrahepatic multiple metastatic tumor lesion. Efficacy was used to assess for PD and the progression-free survival (PFS) was 317 days. CONCLUSION A phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) mutation in trastuzumab-treated metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer female had a long PFS by treating with the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor in combination with the anti-HER-2 agent inetetamab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijuan Wang
- Department of OncologyAnqing Municipal HospitalAnqingAnhuiChina
| | - Chenghui Li
- Department of OncologyAnqing Municipal HospitalAnqingAnhuiChina
| | - Qi'an Jiang
- Department of OncologyAnqing Municipal HospitalAnqingAnhuiChina
| | - Shu Jiang
- Department of OncologyAnqing Municipal HospitalAnqingAnhuiChina
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Ketchemen JP, Babeker H, Tikum AF, Nambisan AK, Njotu FN, Nwangele E, Fonge H. Biparatopic anti-HER2 drug radioconjugates as breast cancer theranostics. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:153-162. [PMID: 37095184 PMCID: PMC10307858 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02272-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HER2 is overexpressed in 25-30% of breast cancer. Multiple domains targeting of a receptor can have synergistic/additive therapeutic effects. METHODS Two domain-specific ADCs trastuzumab-PEG6-DM1 (domain IV) and pertuzumab-PEG6-DM1 (domain II) were developed, characterised and radiolabeled to obtain [89Zr]Zr-trastuzumab-PEG6-DM1 and [67Cu]Cu-pertuzumab-PEG6-DM1 to study their in vitro (binding assay, internalisation and cytotoxicity) and in vivo (pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and immunoPET/SPECT imaging) characteristics. RESULTS The ADCs had an average drug-to-antibody ratio of 3. Trastuzumab did not compete with [67Cu]Cu-pertuzumab-PEG6-DM1 for binding to HER2. The highest antibody internalisation was observed with the combination of ADCs in BT-474 cells compared with single antibodies or ADCs. The combination of the two ADCs had the lowest IC50 compared with treatment using the single ADCs or controls. Pharmacokinetics showed biphasic half-lives with fast distribution and slow elimination, and an AUC that was five-fold higher for [89Zr]Zr-trastuzumab-PEG6-DM1 compared with [67Cu]Cu-pertuzumab-PEG6-DM1. Tumour uptake of [89Zr]Zr-trastuzumab-PEG6-DM1 was 51.3 ± 17.3% IA/g (BT-474), and 12.9 ± 2.1% IA/g (JIMT-1) which was similarly to [67Cu]Cu-pertuzumab-PEG6-DM1. Mice pre-blocked with pertuzumab had [89Zr]Zr-trastuzumab-PEG6-DM1 tumour uptakes of 66.3 ± 33.9% IA/g (BT-474) and 25.3 ± 4.9% IA/g (JIMT-1) at 120 h p.i. CONCLUSION Using these biologics simultaneously as biparatopic theranostic agents has additive benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pougoue Ketchemen
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Hanan Babeker
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Lab. Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A2, Canada
| | - Anjong Florence Tikum
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Anand Krishnan Nambisan
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Fabrice Ngoh Njotu
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Nwangele
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Humphrey Fonge
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada.
- Department of Medical Imaging, Royal University Hospital Saskatoon, SK, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada.
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Qian L, Lin X, Gao X, Khan RU, Liao JY, Du S, Ge J, Zeng S, Yao SQ. The Dawn of a New Era: Targeting the "Undruggables" with Antibody-Based Therapeutics. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37186942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The high selectivity and affinity of antibodies toward their antigens have made them a highly valuable tool in disease therapy, diagnosis, and basic research. A plethora of chemical and genetic approaches have been devised to make antibodies accessible to more "undruggable" targets and equipped with new functions of illustrating or regulating biological processes more precisely. In this Review, in addition to introducing how naked antibodies and various antibody conjugates (such as antibody-drug conjugates, antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates, antibody-enzyme conjugates, etc.) work in therapeutic applications, special attention has been paid to how chemistry tools have helped to optimize the therapeutic outcome (i.e., with enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects) or facilitate the multifunctionalization of antibodies, with a focus on emerging fields such as targeted protein degradation, real-time live-cell imaging, catalytic labeling or decaging with spatiotemporal control as well as the engagement of antibodies inside cells. With advances in modern chemistry and biotechnology, well-designed antibodies and their derivatives via size miniaturization or multifunctionalization together with efficient delivery systems have emerged, which have gradually improved our understanding of important biological processes and paved the way to pursue novel targets for potential treatments of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghui Qian
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center, & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xuefen Lin
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center, & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xue Gao
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center, & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Rizwan Ullah Khan
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center, & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jia-Yu Liao
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center, & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shubo Du
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jingyan Ge
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Su Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center, & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shao Q Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117544
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9
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Yang Z, Feng J, Jing J, Huang Y, Ye WW, Lei L, Wang XJ, Cao WM. Resistance to anti-HER2 therapy associated with the TSC2 nonsynonymous variant c.4349 C > G (p.Pro1450Arg) is reversed by CDK4/6 inhibitor in HER2-positive breast cancer. NPJ Breast Cancer 2023; 9:36. [PMID: 37160904 PMCID: PMC10170158 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-023-00542-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
HER2-positive breast cancer patients carrying the germline TSC2 nonsynonymous variant c.4349 C > G (p.Pro1450Arg) are resistant to anti-HER2 therapy. Multi-predictor in silico analysis reveals that this variant is deleterious. We explore the potential mechanism of this TSC2 variant and investigate methods for overcoming anti-HER2 resistance. TSC2 c.4349 C > G reverses the inhibitory effect on mTOR and downstream signaling by increasing TSC2 phosphorylation at Thr1462 and confers significant lapatinib resistance in vitro and in vivo. The combination of lapatinib and the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib inhibits cyclin D1/CDK4/Rb alternative pathway and TSC2 phosphorylation, thereby partially attenuating mTOR activity and inducing TSC2-mutant cell blockage at G1/G0. In in vitro and xenograft models, palbociclib+lapatinib shows higher anti-tumor activity than monotherapy and overcomes the resistance of the TSC2 c.4349 C > G-related variant to anti-HER2 therapy. We reveal a new mechanism of resistance to anti-HER2 therapy and provide a strategy to increase the efficiency of anti-HER2 therapy in HER2-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Yang
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310063, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310063, China
- Zhejiang Cancer Institute, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Ji Jing
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310063, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310063, China
| | - Wei-Wu Ye
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310063, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310063, China
| | - Xiao-Jia Wang
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, 310022, China.
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310063, China.
| | - Wen-Ming Cao
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, 310022, China.
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310063, China.
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10
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Deng L, Zhao L, Liu L, Huang H. Systemic investigation of inetetamab in combination with small molecules to treat HER2-overexpressing breast and gastric cancers. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220535. [PMID: 36694697 PMCID: PMC9835198 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Most patients with metastatic breast cancer or gastric cancer who are treated with trastuzumab, an anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody, become refractory to the drug within a year after the initiation of treatment. Although the combination of trastuzumab with pertuzumab produced synergetic effects in the treatment of HER2-overexpressing cancers, not all patients with HER2 overexpression benefited from the trastuzumab plus pertuzumab combination. To improve the clinical benefits of trastuzumab, we systemically investigated the combination of inetetamab (Cipterbin), an analog of trastuzumab, with a variety of small molecules, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and chemotherapeutic agents in vivo. We showed that pan-TKIs-induced synergistic antitumor effects with inetetamab in the treatment of these two types of cancers and that adding chemotherapeutic agents to the existing TKI plus anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody combination strategies induced additional inhibitory effects, suggesting that such combination strategies may be choices for the treatment of these two tumors. Thus, combination therapies targeting distinct and broad pathways that are essential for tumor growth and survival can be effective for treating metastatic breast cancers and gastric cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Deng
- R&D Department, Sunshine Guojian Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co. Ltd, a 3SBio Inc. Company, 399 Libing Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Le Zhao
- R&D Department, Sunshine Guojian Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co. Ltd, a 3SBio Inc. Company, 399 Libing Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lifen Liu
- R&D Department, Sunshine Guojian Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co. Ltd, a 3SBio Inc. Company, 399 Libing Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Haomin Huang
- R&D Department, Sunshine Guojian Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co. Ltd, a 3SBio Inc. Company, 399 Libing Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
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11
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Yeo MK, Kim S, Yoo HJ, Suh KS, Kim KH. HER2 Expression in Peritoneal Dissemination of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma: A Comparative Study of Immunohistochemical Reactivity Using Four HER2 Antibodies. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11236963. [PMID: 36498537 PMCID: PMC9741327 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11236963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Most high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOCs) involving the peritoneum are aggressive. Epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is aberrantly activated in a variety of solid cancers. The HER2 status of a tumor is based on cytoplasmic membrane staining of an intracellular domain (ICD)-specific HER2 antibody. We compared four anti-HER2 antibodies in an immunohistochemical study of HGSOC with peritoneal dissemination. HER2 expression was assessed in peritoneal disseminated HGSOC specimens from 38 patients by immunohistochemistry using four different anti-HER2 antibodies (an ICD antibody (clone A0485), an extracellular domain (ECD) antibody (clone SP3), and two antibodies recognizing HER2 phosphorylated at tyrosine 877 or 1248 (pHER2Y877 and pHER2Y1248)). HER2 gene amplification was accessed by chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH). The antibodies showed HER2 positivity as follows: 31.6% of cases (12/38) with A0485, 26.3% (10/38) with SP3, 7.9% (3/38) with pHER2Y877, and 21.1% (8/38) with pHER2Y1248. Fifteen out of thirty-eight (39.5%) cases were positive for at least one of the four HER2 antibodies. HER2 gene amplification was detected in 3/19 cases. All four HER2 antibodies could be used for patient selection for anti-HER2 therapies. These findings raise the possibility of anti-HER2 therapeutic strategies for HGSOC with peritoneal dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyung Yeo
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Sup Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Heon Jong Yoo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong-si 30099, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Sun Suh
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong-si 30099, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-580-8238; Fax: +82-42-280-7189
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12
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Saoudi Gonzalez N, López D, Gómez D, Ros J, Baraibar I, Salva F, Tabernero J, Élez E. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of approved monoclonal antibody therapy for colorectal cancer. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2022; 18:755-767. [PMID: 36582117 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2022.2160316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The introduction of monoclonal antibodies to the chemotherapy backbone treatment has challenged the paradigm of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treatment. Their mechanism of action and pharmacokinetics are complex but important to understand in order to improve patient selection and treatment outcomes for mCRC population. AREAS COVERED This review examines the scientific data, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of approved monoclonal antibodies used to treat mCRC patients, including agents targeting signaling via VEGFR (bevacizumab and ramucirumab), EGFR (cetuximab and panitumumab), HER2/3 target therapy, and immunotherapy agents such as pembrolizumab or nivolumab. Efficacy and mechanism of action of bispecific antibodies are also covered. EXPERT OPINION mCRC is a heterogeneous disease and the optimal selection and sequence of treatments is challenging. Monoclonal antibodies have complex pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, with important interactions between them. The arrival of bioequivalent molecules to the market increases the need for the characterization of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of classic monoclonal antibodies to reach bioequivalent novel molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Saoudi Gonzalez
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vhio Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel López
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego Gómez
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Ros
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vhio Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iosune Baraibar
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vhio Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Salva
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vhio Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Tabernero
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vhio Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Élez
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vhio Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Gámez-Chiachio M, Sarrió D, Moreno-Bueno G. Novel Therapies and Strategies to Overcome Resistance to Anti-HER2-Targeted Drugs. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4543. [PMID: 36139701 PMCID: PMC9496705 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis and quality of life of HER2 breast cancer patients have significantly improved due to the crucial clinical benefit of various anti-HER2 targeted therapies. However, HER2 tumors can possess or develop several resistance mechanisms to these treatments, thus leaving patients with a limited set of additional therapeutic options. Fortunately, to overcome this problem, in recent years, multiple different and complementary approaches have been developed (such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs)) that are in clinical or preclinical stages. In this review, we focus on emerging strategies other than on ADCs that are either aimed at directly target the HER2 receptor (i.e., novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors) or subsequent intracellular signaling (e.g., PI3K/AKT/mTOR, CDK4/6 inhibitors, etc.), as well as on innovative approaches designed to attack other potential tumor weaknesses (such as immunotherapy, autophagy blockade, or targeting of other genes within the HER2 amplicon). Moreover, relevant technical advances such as anti-HER2 nanotherapies and immunotoxins are also discussed. In brief, this review summarizes the impact of novel therapeutic approaches on current and future clinical management of aggressive HER2 breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Gámez-Chiachio
- Biochemistry Department, Medicine Faculty, Universidad Autónoma Madrid-CSIC, IdiPaz, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Oncología (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sarrió
- Biochemistry Department, Medicine Faculty, Universidad Autónoma Madrid-CSIC, IdiPaz, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Oncología (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Moreno-Bueno
- Biochemistry Department, Medicine Faculty, Universidad Autónoma Madrid-CSIC, IdiPaz, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Oncología (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- MD Anderson International Foundation, 28033 Madrid, Spain
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14
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Electrochemotherapy: An Alternative Strategy for Improving Therapy in Drug-Resistant SOLID Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174341. [PMID: 36077875 PMCID: PMC9454613 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chemotherapy is becoming an increasingly difficult antitumor therapy to practice due to the multiple mechanisms of drug resistance. To overcome the problem, it is possible to use alternative techniques, such as electrochemotherapy, which involves the simultaneous administration of the electrical pulse (electroporation) and the treatment with the drug in order to improve the effectiveness of the drug against the tumor. Electroporation has improved the efficacy of some chemotherapeutic agents, such bleomycin, cisplatin, mitomycin C, and 5-fluorouracil. The results of in vitro, veterinary, and clinical oncology studies are promising on various cancers, such as metastatic melanoma. The purpose of this review is to give an update on the state of the art of electrochemotherapy against the main solid tumors in the preclinical, clinical, and veterinary field. Abstract Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is one of the innovative strategies to overcome the multi drug resistance (MDR) that often occurs in cancer. Resistance to anticancer drugs results from a variety of factors, such as genetic or epigenetic changes, an up-regulated outflow of drugs, and various cellular and molecular mechanisms. This technology combines the administration of chemotherapy with the application of electrical pulses, with waveforms capable of increasing drug uptake in a non-toxic and well tolerated mechanical system. ECT is used as a first-line adjuvant therapy in veterinary oncology, where it improves the efficacy of many chemotherapeutic agents by increasing their uptake into cancer cells. The chemotherapeutic agents that have been enhanced by this technique are bleomycin, cisplatin, mitomycin C, and 5-fluorouracil. After their use, a better localized control of the neoplasm has been observed. In humans, the use of ECT was initially limited to local palliative therapy for cutaneous metastases of melanoma, but phase I/II studies are currently ongoing for several histotypes of cancer, with promising results. In this review, we described the preclinical and clinical use of ECT on drug-resistant solid tumors, such as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, breast cancer, gynecological cancer and, finally, colorectal cancer.
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15
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Mostafavi E, Iravani S, Varma RS, Khatami M, Rahbarizadeh F. Eco-friendly synthesis of carbon nanotubes and their cancer theranostic applications. MATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 3:4765-4782. [PMID: 35812837 PMCID: PMC9207599 DOI: 10.1039/d2ma00341d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with attractive physicochemical characteristics such as high surface area, mechanical strength, functionality, and electrical/thermal conductivity have been widely studied in different fields of science. However, the preparation of these nanostructures on a large scale is either expensive or sometimes ecologically unfriendly. In this context, plenty of studies have been conducted to discover innovative methods to fabricate CNTs in an eco-friendly and inexpensive manner. CNTs have been synthesized using various natural hydrocarbon precursors, including plant extracts (e.g., tea-tree extract), essential oils (e.g., eucalyptus and sunflower oil), biodiesel, milk, honey, and eggs, among others. Additionally, agricultural bio-wastes have been widely studied for synthesizing CNTs. Researchers should embrace the usage of natural and renewable precursors as well as greener methods to produce various types of CNTs in large quantities with the advantages of cost-effectiveness and environmentally benign features. In addition, multifunctionalized CNTs with improved biocompatibility and targeting features are promising candidates for cancer theranostic applications owing to their attractive optical, chemical, thermal, and electrical properties. This perspective discusses the recent developments in eco-friendly synthesis of CNTs using green chemistry-based techniques, natural renewable resources, and sustainable catalysts, with emphasis on important challenges and future perspectives and highlighting techniques for the functionalization or modification of CNTs. Significant and promising cancer theranostic applications as well as their biocompatibility and cytotoxicity issues are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine CA 94305 USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Siavash Iravani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences 81746-73461 Isfahan Iran
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University in Olomouc Slechtitelu 27 783 71 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Mehrdad Khatami
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences Bam Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rahbarizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
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16
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Mehmood S, Faheem M, Ismail H, Farhat SM, Ali M, Younis S, Asghar MN. ‘Breast Cancer Resistance Likelihood and Personalized Treatment Through Integrated Multiomics’. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:783494. [PMID: 35495618 PMCID: PMC9048735 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.783494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent times, enormous progress has been made in improving the diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for breast carcinoma, yet it remains the most prevalent cancer and second highest contributor to cancer-related deaths in women. Breast cancer (BC) affects one in eight females globally. In 2018 alone, 1.4 million cases were identified worldwide in postmenopausal women and 645,000 cases in premenopausal females, and this burden is constantly increasing. This shows that still a lot of efforts are required to discover therapeutic remedies for this disease. One of the major clinical complications associated with the treatment of breast carcinoma is the development of therapeutic resistance. Multidrug resistance (MDR) and consequent relapse on therapy are prevalent issues related to breast carcinoma; it is due to our incomplete understanding of the molecular mechanisms of breast carcinoma disease. Therefore, elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in drug resistance is critical. For management of breast carcinoma, the treatment decision not only depends on the assessment of prognosis factors but also on the evaluation of pathological and clinical factors. Integrated data assessments of these multiple factors of breast carcinoma through multiomics can provide significant insight and hope for making therapeutic decisions. This omics approach is particularly helpful since it identifies the biomarkers of disease progression and treatment progress by collective characterization and quantification of pools of biological molecules within and among the cancerous cells. The scrupulous understanding of cancer and its treatment at the molecular level led to the concept of a personalized approach, which is one of the most significant advancements in modern oncology. Likewise, there are certain genetic and non-genetic tests available for BC which can help in personalized therapy. Genetically inherited risks can be screened for personal predisposition to BC, and genetic changes or variations (mutations) can also be identified to decide on the best treatment. Ultimately, further understanding of BC at the molecular level (multiomics) will define more precise choices in personalized medicine. In this review, we have summarized therapeutic resistance associated with BC and the techniques used for its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabba Mehmood
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Sabba Mehmood, ; Muhammad Nadeem Asghar,
| | - Muhammad Faheem
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Mehpara Farhat
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Mahwish Ali
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Younis
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Asghar
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Québec at Trois-Rivieres, Trois-Rivieres, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Sabba Mehmood, ; Muhammad Nadeem Asghar,
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17
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Casadevall D, Hernandez-Prat A, Garc A-Alonso S, Arpi-Llucia O, Menendez S, Qin M, Guardia C, Morancho B, Sanchez-Mart N FJ, Zazo S, Gavilan E, Sabbaghi M, Eroles P, Cejalvo JM, Lluch A, Rojo F, Pandiella A, Rovira A, Albanell J. mTOR inhibition and trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1) in HER2-positive breast cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:1108-1121. [PMID: 35348729 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
In patients with trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive breast cancer, the combination of everolimus (mTORC1 inhibitor) with trastuzumab failed to show a clinically significant benefit. However, the combination of mTOR inhibition and the antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1) remains unexplored. We tested T-DM1 plus everolimus in a broad panel of HER2-positive breast cancer cell lines. The combination was superior to T-DM1 alone in four cell lines (HCC1954, SKBR3, EFM192A, and MDA-MB-36) and in two cultures from primary tumor cells derived from HER2-positive patient-derived xenografts (PDX), but not in BT474 cells. In the trastuzumab-resistant HCC1954 cell line, we characterized the effects of the combination using TAK-228 (mTORC1 and 2 inhibitor) and knockdown of the different mTOR complex components. T-DM1 did not affect mTOR downstream signaling nor induct autophagy. Importantly, mTOR inhibition increased intracellular T-DM1 levels, leading to increased lysosomal accumulation of the compound. The increased efficacy of mTOR inhibition plus T-DM1 was abrogated by lysosome inhibitors (chloroquine and bafilomycin A1). Our experiments suggest that BT474 are less sensitive to T-DM1 due to lack of optimal lysosomal processing and intrinsic resistance to the DM1 moiety. Finally, we performed several in vivo experiments that corroborated the superior activity of T-DM1 and everolimus in HCC1954 and PDX-derived mouse models. In summary, everolimus in combination with T-DM1 showed strong antitumor effects in HER2-positive breast cancer, both in vitro and in vivo. This effect might be related, at least partially, to mTOR-dependent lysosomal processing of T-DM1, a finding that might apply to other ADCs that require lysosomal processing. Implications: Inhibition of mTOR increases the anti-tumor activity of T-DM1, supporting that the combination of mTOR inhibitors and antibody-drug conjugates warrants clinical evaluation in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Oriol Arpi-Llucia
- IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions M�diques), Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Mengjuan Qin
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Guardia
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Sandra Zazo
- IIS-Fundaci�n Jim�nez D�az-CIBERONC, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Pilar Eroles
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute - University of Valencia, Spain. CIBERONC, Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Miguel Cejalvo
- Biomedical Health Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Lluch
- University of Valencia - Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA-Hospital Cl�nico de Valencia-CIBERONC, Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Federico Rojo
- IIS-Fundaci�n Jim�nez D�az-CIBERONC, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Atanasio Pandiella
- Centro de Investigaci�n del C�ncer, CIBERONC and IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Joan Albanell
- Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Instiiute, Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Peliçário Vargas B, Sari MHM, Ferreira LM. Trastuzumab in breast cancer treatment: the Era of biosimilars. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:2507-2516. [PMID: 35236272 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220302114313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The discovery of trastuzumab as anti-HER2 therapy markedly improved disease control and the survival rates of patients with HER2+ breast cancer. However, as trastuzumab is considered a complex molecule, the cost of production is usually elevated, which significantly affects health budgets and limits the treatment access for patients who live in underdeveloped countries. Recently, trastuzumab production became more accessible and sustainable due to the patents' expiration, allowing biosimilar versions of trastuzumab to be developed. OBJECTIVE Our main goal was to shed more light on the uses of biosimilars in breast cancer treatment, emphasizing trastuzumab. METHOD An integrative review was carried out in the PubMed, Scielo, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases using the terms "biosimilar," "breast cancer," "monoclonal antibody," and "trastuzumab." The time range included scientific articles published from 2015 to 2021. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The bibliographic survey showed the complexities in biological medicine manufacturing and how the monoclonal antibody's therapy with trastuzumab improved the patients' life expectancy, revolutionizing HER2+ breast cancer treatment. Nonetheless, despite its benefits, trastuzumab generates certain restrictions, especially from the economic perspective. Trastuzumab biosimilars have high selectivity and rarely cause adverse effects compared to conventional chemotherapy. CONCLUSION This study shows that trastuzumab biosimilars improve patients' accessibility to breast cancer treatment through a safe and effective therapy compared to the drug reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Peliçário Vargas
- Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Curso de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Luana Mota Ferreira
- Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Curso de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil;
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Gu CL, Zhu HX, Deng L, Meng XQ, Li K, Xu W, Zhao L, Liu YQ, Zhu ZP, Huang HM. Bispecific antibody simultaneously targeting PD1 and HER2 inhibits tumor growth via direct tumor cell killing in combination with PD1/PDL1 blockade and HER2 inhibition. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:672-680. [PMID: 33990766 PMCID: PMC8888617 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00683-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade has shown significant clinical benefit in multiple cancer indications, but many patients are either refractory or become resistant to the treatment over time. HER2/neu oncogene overexpressed in invasive breast cancer patients associates with more aggressive diseases and poor prognosis. Anti-HER2 mAbs, such as trastuzumab, are currently the standard of care for HER2-overexpressing cancers, but the response rates are below 30% and patients generally suffer relapse within a year. In this study we developed a bispecific antibody (BsAb) simultaneously targeting both PD1 and HER2 in an attempt to combine HER2-targeted therapy with immune checkpoint blockade for treating HER2-positive solid tumors. The BsAb was constructed by fusing scFvs (anti-PD1) with the effector-functional Fc of an IgG (trastuzumab) via a flexible peptide linker. We showed that the BsAb bound to human HER2 and PD1 with high affinities (EC50 values were 0.2 and 0.14 nM, respectively), and exhibited potent antitumor activities in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the BsAb exhibited both HER2 and PD1 blockade activities and was effective in killing HER2-positive tumor cells via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. In addition, the BsAb could crosslink HER2-positive tumor cells with T cells to form PD1 immunological synapses that directed tumor cell killing without the need of antigen presentation. Thus, the BsAb is a new promising approach for treating late-stage metastatic HER2-positive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-ling Gu
- Sunshine Guojian Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., 3SBio Inc. Company, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Hai-xia Zhu
- Sunshine Guojian Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., 3SBio Inc. Company, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Lan Deng
- Sunshine Guojian Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., 3SBio Inc. Company, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Xiao-qing Meng
- Sunshine Guojian Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., 3SBio Inc. Company, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Kai Li
- Sunshine Guojian Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., 3SBio Inc. Company, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Wei Xu
- Sunshine Guojian Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., 3SBio Inc. Company, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Le Zhao
- Sunshine Guojian Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., 3SBio Inc. Company, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Yue-qin Liu
- Sunshine Guojian Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., 3SBio Inc. Company, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Zhen-ping Zhu
- Sunshine Guojian Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., 3SBio Inc. Company, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Hao-min Huang
- Sunshine Guojian Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., 3SBio Inc. Company, Shanghai, 201203 China
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Liu G, Xu Z, Yang W, Xue J, Wang Y, Liu Z, Cui Y, Qu X, Chang T, Yu S, Cheng Y, Zhou Y, Chen J, Ren Q, Wang W, Deng Q, Wang Z, Yang H. A randomized, double-blind, single-dose, single-center, parallel phase I clinical study comparing the pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity, safety, and tolerance of pertuzumab injection and Perjeta® in healthy Chinese male subjects. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021; 22:187-195. [PMID: 34607519 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2021.1988567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perjeta® is a recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody that has been marketed and approved for the targeted therapy of human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) positive breast cancer in the United States. This study compared the bioequivalence, immunogenicity, and safety of pertuzumab injection (a biosimilar of Perjeta® produced by Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd) and Perjeta® (produced by Roche Pharma AG) in healthy Chinese males. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Healthy Chinese male subjects (N = 87) were randomly given intravenous injection of 5 mg/kg pertuzumab or Perjeta® at a 1:1 ratio. Plasma drug concentrations were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and primary pharmacokinetic parameters were statistically analyzed. We detected the levels of anti-drug antibody (ADA) and neutralizing antibody (nAb) to evaluate drug immunogenicity and safety of the drugs throughout the study. RESULTS The geometric mean ratios of AUC0-t, Cmax, and AUC0-∞ for pertuzumab and Perjeta® were 100.42%, 96.71%, and 101.47%, respectively. The 90% CIs were all within 80%-125%, meeting the bioequivalence standards. The levels of ADA and nAb were similar. In addition, both had good safety in the study. CONCLUSION The study shows that pertuzumab injection and Perjeta® had similar bioequivalence, immunogenicity, and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwen Liu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Zhongnan Xu
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co.,Ltd, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Jinling Xue
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co.,Ltd, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Zhengzhi Liu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Yingzi Cui
- Phase I Clinical Trial Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Xinyao Qu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Tianying Chang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Shuang Yu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Phase I Clinical Trial Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Yannan Zhou
- Phase I Clinical Trial Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Phase I Clinical Trial Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Qing Ren
- Phase I Clinical Trial Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Wanhua Wang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Qiaohuan Deng
- Scientific Research Office, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China.,Scientific Research Office, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Haimiao Yang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
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21
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Tsao LC, Force J, Hartman ZC. Mechanisms of Therapeutic Antitumor Monoclonal Antibodies. Cancer Res 2021; 81:4641-4651. [PMID: 34145037 PMCID: PMC8448950 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) are a major component of cancer therapy. In this review, we summarize the different therapeutic mAbs that have been successfully developed against various tumor-expressed antigens and examine our current understanding of their different mechanisms of antitumor action. These mechanisms of action (MOA) largely center on the stimulation of different innate immune effector processes, which appear to be principally responsible for the efficacy of most unconjugated mAb therapies against cancer. This is evident in studies of mAbs targeting antigens for hematologic cancers, with emerging data also demonstrating the critical nature of innate immune-mediated mechanisms in the efficacy of anti-HER2 mAbs against solid HER2+ cancers. Although HER2-targeted mAbs were originally described as inhibitors of HER2-mediated signaling, multiple studies have since demonstrated these mAbs function largely through their engagement with Fc receptors to activate innate immune effector functions as well as complement activity. Next-generation mAbs are capitalizing on these MOAs through improvements to enhance Fc-activity, although regulation of these mechanisms may vary in different tumor microenvironments. In addition, novel antibody-drug conjugates have emerged as an important means to activate different MOAs. Although many unknowns remain, an improved understanding of these immunologic MOAs will be essential for the future of mAb therapy and cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chung Tsao
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jeremy Force
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Zachary C Hartman
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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22
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Shiravi F, Mohammadi M, Golsaz-Shirazi F, Bahadori T, Judaki MA, Fatemi F, Zare HA, Haghighat FN, Mobini M, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Amiri MM, Shokri F. Potent synergistic anti-tumor activity of a novel humanized anti-HER2 antibody hersintuzumab in combination with trastuzumab in xenograft models. Invest New Drugs 2021; 39:697-704. [PMID: 33389387 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-020-01048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy of HER2-overexpressing cancers by FDA approved monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) such as trastuzumab and pertuzumab has shown promising results. We have recently produced a novel humanized anti-HER2 mAb, hersintuzumab, which did not sterically inhibit binding of trastuzumab and pertuzumab to HER2, thus recognizing a distinct epitope on subdomain I + II of HER2. In this study, we assessed the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity of this mAb individually and in combination with trastuzumab. Different HER2-overexpressing human cancer cell lines, including SKOV3, NCI-N87 HCC1954 and BT-474 were cultured and binding reactivity of Hersintuzumab to these cell lines was analyzed by flow cytometry. In addition, the inhibitory effect of different concentrations of hersintuzumab, trastuzumab and their combination on tumor cells growth was assessed by XTT assay. For Assessment of tumor growth inhibition in xenograft model, Balb/c athymic nude mice were subcutaneously injected with NCI-N87 and SKOV3 tumor cells and then treated intravenously with these mAbs. Our results showed that hersintuzumab could bind to all HER2-overexpressing cell lines similar to trastuzumab. In vitro experiments showed that both hersintuzumab and trastuzumab individually and in combination inhibited growth of all cell lines with the exception of HCC-1954.Inhibitory effect of the combination of mAbs was significantly higher than that of each mAb alone. Similar results were obtained in the gastric (NCI-N87) and ovarian (SKOV-3) tumor xenograft models. Hersintuzumab in combination with trastuzumab induces synergic anti-tumor effects on HER2-overexpressing cells in vitro and in vivo and is potentially a therapeutic tool for treatment of HER2-overexpressing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Shiravi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Golsaz-Shirazi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tannaz Bahadori
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Judaki
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Fatemi
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hengameh Ahmadi Zare
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Mobini
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Amiri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fazel Shokri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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HER2-Targeted Immunotherapy and Combined Protocols Showed Promising Antiproliferative Effects in Feline Mammary Carcinoma Cell-Based Models. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092007. [PMID: 33919468 PMCID: PMC8122524 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Mammary tumors are common in cats, presenting an aggressive behavior with high tumor recurrence. Therefore, new and efficient therapeutic protocols are urgent. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs; ADC) are widely used in human breast cancer therapy, inhibiting the HER2 dimerization and leading to cell apoptosis. Furthermore, drug combinations, with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKi) are valuable in patients’ therapeutic protocols. In this study, two mAbs, and an ADC, as well as combined protocols between mAbs and mAbs plus lapatinib (TKi) were tested to address if the drugs could be used as new therapeutic options in feline mammary tumors. All the compounds and the combined treatments revealed valuable antiproliferative effects, and a conserved cell death mechanism, by apoptosis, in the feline cell lines, where the mutations found in the extracellular domain of the HER2 suggest no immunotherapy resistance. Abstract Feline mammary carcinoma (FMC) is a highly prevalent tumor, showing aggressive clinicopathological features, with HER2-positive being the most frequent subtype. While, in human breast cancer, the use of anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is common, acting by blocking the extracellular domain (ECD) of the HER2 protein and by inducing cell apoptosis, scarce information is available on use these immunoagents in FMC. Thus, the antiproliferative effects of two mAbs (trastuzumab and pertuzumab), of an antibody–drug conjugate compound (T-DM1) and of combined treatments with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (lapatinib) were evaluated on three FMC cell lines (CAT-MT, FMCm and FMCp). In parallel, the DNA sequence of the her2 ECD (subdomains II and IV) was analyzed in 40 clinical samples of FMC, in order to identify mutations, which can lead to antibody resistance or be used as prognostic biomarkers. Results obtained revealed a strong antiproliferative effect in all feline cell lines, and a synergistic response was observed when combined therapies were performed. Additionally, the mutations found were not described as inducing resistance to therapy in breast cancer patients. Altogether, our results suggested that anti-HER2 mAbs could become useful in the treatment of FMC, particularly, if combined with lapatinib, since drug-resistance seems to be rare.
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Wang C, Wang L, Liang B, Zhou B, Sun Y, Meng Y, Dong J, Chen L, Li B. Synergistic antitumor effect of the anti-ErbB2 antibodies trastuzumab and H2-18 on trastuzumab-resistant gastric cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:400. [PMID: 33777223 PMCID: PMC7988693 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Trastuzumab resistance is a severe problem in the treatment of ErbB2-amplified cancer. Although trastuzumab plus pertuzumab is able to partly overcome trastuzumab resistance in ErbB2-overexpressing cancer, its antitumor efficacy remains limited. The present study investigated the antitumor activity of the combination of trastuzumab with H2-18, which is an antibody targetinsg ErbB2 domain I. Cell proliferation and inhibition experiments indicated that H2-18 and trastuzumab synergistically inhibited the proliferation of both the trastuzumab-sensitive gastric cancer cell line, NCI-N87 and the trastuzumab-resistant gastric cancer cell line, NCI-N87-TraRT. Furthermore, H2-18 plus trastuzumab inhibited the growth of NCI-N87-TraRT cells more effectively than trastuzumab plus pertuzumab, both in vitro and in vivo. Compared with trastuzumab plus pertuzumab, H2-18 plus trastuzumab had a potent ability to inhibit NCI-N87-TraRT cells to form colonies. Notably, H2-18 plus trastuzumab was more effective in inducing cell death than trastuzumab plus pertuzumab. The in vivo studies demonstrated that H2-18 plus trastuzumab effectively inhibited the growth of both NCI-N87 and NCI-N87-TraRT xenograft tumors. Further experiments revealed that in NCI-N87-TraRT cells, H2-18 plus trastuzumab was comparable to trastuzumab plus pertuzumab in the inhibition of phosphorylated (p-)HER3, p-AKT and p-ERK. However, compared with trastuzumab plus pertuzumab, H2-18 plus trastuzumab effectively activated ROS production and the phosphorylation of JNK and c-jun in NCI-N87-TraRT cells. Therefore, the superior antitumor efficacy of H2-18 plus trastuzumab over trastuzumab plus pertuzumab may be mainly attributable to the potent cell death-inducing activity. In addition, the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effect of the combination of H2-18, trastuzumab and pertuzumab were further investigated. The results revealed that H2-18 plus trastuzumab plus pertuzumab exhibited a maximal antitumor effect among all the anti-ErbB2 monoclonal antibody combinations tested. In summary, H2-18 plus trastuzumab may have potential as an effective strategy to overcome the resistance to trastuzumab in ErbB2-amplified gastric cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Navy Medical University (The Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Lingfei Wang
- Department of Oncology, The 903rd Hospital of The Chinese People's Liberation Army, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
| | - Beibei Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Basic Medicine Faculty, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, P.R. China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Cell Biology, Navy Medical University (The Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Yanchun Meng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jian Dong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated to The Department of General Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Bohua Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, P.R. China
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Sajjadi M, Nasrollahzadeh M, Jaleh B, Soufi GJ, Iravani S. Carbon-based nanomaterials for targeted cancer nanotherapy: recent trends and future prospects. J Drug Target 2021; 29:716-741. [PMID: 33566719 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1886301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-based nanomaterials are becoming attractive materials due to their unique structural dimensions and promising mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical and chemical characteristics. Carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide, carbon and graphene quantum dots have numerous applications in diverse areas, including biosensing, drug/gene delivery, tissue engineering, imaging, regenerative medicine, diagnosis, and cancer therapy. Cancer remains one of the major health problems all over the world, and several therapeutic approaches are focussed on designing targeted anticancer drug delivery nanosystems by applying benign and less hazardous resources with high biocompatibility, ease of functionalization, remarkable targeted therapy issues, and low adverse effects. This review highlights the recent development on these carbon based-nanomaterials in the field of targeted cancer therapy and discusses their possible and promising diagnostic and therapeutic applications for the treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohaddeseh Sajjadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom, Iran
| | | | - Babak Jaleh
- Department of Physics, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | | | - Siavash Iravani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Hwang K, Yoon JH, Lee JH, Lee S. Recent Advances in Monoclonal Antibody Therapy for Colorectal Cancers. Biomedicines 2021; 9:39. [PMID: 33466394 PMCID: PMC7824816 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Recent advances in recombinant DNA technology have led to the development of numerous therapeutic antibodies as major sources of blockbuster drugs for CRC therapy. Simultaneously, increasing numbers of therapeutic targets in CRC have been identified. In this review, we first highlight the physiological and pathophysiological roles and signaling mechanisms of currently known and emerging therapeutic targets, including growth factors and their receptors as well as immune checkpoint proteins, in CRC. Additionally, we discuss the current status of monoclonal antibodies in clinical development and approved by US Food and Drug Administration for CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sukmook Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Chemistry Major, School of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea; (K.H.); (J.H.Y.); (J.H.L.)
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Yan H, Xiao H, Zhu J, Zhang J, Liu Z. Association Between the HER2 Protein Expression Level and the Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:12715-12722. [PMID: 33328766 PMCID: PMC7735715 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s278694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to assess the relationship between human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) protein expression level and clinicopathological features of HER2-positive breast cancer, and to analyze whether the expression level of HER2 protein could predict the response to anti-HER2 therapy. Methods The present study included 296 patients with HER2-positive breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) containing trastuzumab between January 2014 and November 2019. The univariate comparisons of the differences in clinicopathological parameters between different HER2 protein expression groups, and the association between HER2 protein expression level and efficacy of NAC, were made using a X2 test or Mann–Whitney U-test. Multivariate analyses of the differences in clinicopathological parameters between different HER2 protein expression groups, and the association between HER2 protein expression level and efficacy of NAC, were performed using logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 110 patients achieved a pathological complete response (pCR) after NAC. The pCR rate was 37.2%. The study showed that patients who were HR-negative, AR-positive, and CK5/6-negative had significantly higher expression level of HER2 protein [odds ratio (OR) = 0.183, P < 0.001; OR = 6.414, P = 0.004; OR = 0.261, P = 0.004, respectively]. Patients with HER2 3+ detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) had significantly higher pCR rates compared with patients with HER2 2+. The HER2 protein expression level might effectively predict the efficacy of NAC in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer (OR = 3.520, P = 0.003). Conclusion The HER2 protein expression level was related to multiple clinical features in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. For example, hormone receptor, androgen receptor, cytokeratin5/6, and HER2 protein expression level may be used to predict the response to NAC in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer and may serve as a predictive factor for NAC efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Xiao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiujun Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyang Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
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Luque-Bolivar A, Pérez-Mora E, Villegas VE, Rondón-Lagos M. Resistance and Overcoming Resistance in Breast Cancer. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2020; 12:211-229. [PMID: 33204149 PMCID: PMC7666993 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s270799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The incidence and mortality of breast cancer (BC) have increased in recent years, and BC is the main cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. One of the most significant clinical problems in the treatment of patients with BC is the development of therapeutic resistance. Therefore, elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in drug resistance is critical. The therapeutic decision for the management of patients with BC is based not only on the assessment of prognostic factors but also on the evaluation of clinical and pathological parameters. Although this has been a successful approach, some patients relapse and/or eventually develop resistance to treatment. This review is focused on recent studies on the possible biological and molecular mechanisms involved in both response and resistance to treatment in BC. Additionally, emerging treatments that seek to overcome resistance and reduce side effects are also described. A greater understanding of the mechanisms of action of treatments used in BC might contribute not only to the enhancement of our understanding of the mechanisms involved in the development of resistance but also to the optimization of the existing treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Luque-Bolivar
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja150003, Colombia
| | - Erika Pérez-Mora
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja150003, Colombia
| | | | - Milena Rondón-Lagos
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja150003, Colombia
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Nieto C, Vega MA, Martín del Valle EM. Trastuzumab: More than a Guide in HER2-Positive Cancer Nanomedicine. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1674. [PMID: 32859026 PMCID: PMC7557948 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
HER2 overexpression, which occurs in a fifth of diagnosed breast cancers as well as in other types of solid tumors, has been traditionally linked to greater aggressiveness. Nevertheless, the clinical introduction of trastuzumab has helped to improve HER2-positive patients' outcomes. As a consequence, nanotechnology has taken advantage of the beneficial effects of the administration of this antibody and has employed it to develop HER2-targeting nanomedicines with promising therapeutic activity and limited toxicity. In this review, the molecular pathways that could be responsible for trastuzumab antitumor activity will be briefly summarized. In addition, since the conjugation strategies that are followed to develop targeting nanomedicines are essential to maintaining their efficacy and tolerability, the ones most employed to decorate drug-loaded nanoparticles and liposomes with trastuzumab will be discussed here. Thus, the advantages and disadvantages of performing this trastuzumab conjugation through adsorption or covalent bindings (through carbodiimide, maleimide, and click-chemistry) will be described, and several examples of targeting nanovehicles developed following these strategies will be commented on. Moreover, conjugation methods employed to synthesized trastuzumab-based antibody drug conjugates (ADCs), among which T-DM1 is well known, will be also examined. Finally, although trastuzumab-decorated nanoparticles and liposomes and trastuzumab-based ADCs have proven to have better selectivity and efficacy than loaded drugs, trastuzumab administration is sometimes related to side toxicities and the apparition of resistances. For this reason also, this review focuses at last on the important role that newer antibodies and peptides are acquiring these days in the development of HER2-targeting nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Nieto
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain;
| | | | - Eva M. Martín del Valle
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain;
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Wege AK, Kirchhammer N, Kazandjian LV, Prassl S, Brandt M, Piendl G, Ortmann O, Fischer S, Brockhoff G. A novel rabbit derived anti-HER2 antibody with pronounced therapeutic effectiveness on HER2-positive breast cancer cells in vitro and in humanized tumor mice (HTM). J Transl Med 2020; 18:316. [PMID: 32799890 PMCID: PMC7429704 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02484-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Antibody based cancer therapies have achieved convincing success rates combining enhanced tumor specificity and reduced side effects in patients. Trastuzumab that targets the human epidermal growth factor related receptor 2 (HER2) is one of the greatest success stories in this field. For decades, trastuzumab based treatment regimens are significantly improving the prognosis of HER2-positive breast cancer patients both in the metastatic and the (neo-) adjuvant setting. Nevertheless, ≥ 50% of trastuzumab treated patients experience de-novo or acquired resistance. Therefore, an enhanced anti-HER2 targeting with improved treatment efficiency is still aspired. Methods Here, we determined cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the treatment of HER2-positive BC cells with a new rabbit derived HER2 specific chimeric monoclonal antibody called “B100″. We evaluated the B100 treatment efficiency of HER2-positive BC cells with different sensitivity to trastuzumab both in vitro and in the presence of a human immune system in humanized tumor mice. Results B100 not only efficiently blocks cell proliferation but more importantly induces apoptotic tumor cell death. Detailed in vitro analyses of B100 in comparison to trastuzumab (and pertuzumab) revealed equivalent HER2 internalization and recycling capacity, similar Fc receptor signaling, but different HER2 epitope recognition with high binding and treatment efficiency. In trastuzumab resistant SK-BR-3 based humanized tumor mice the B100 treatment eliminated the primary tumor but even more importantly eradicated metastasized tumor cells in lung, liver, brain, and bone marrow. Conclusion Overall, B100 demonstrated an enhanced anti-tumor activity both in vitro and in an enhanced preclinical HTM in vivo model compared to trastuzumab or pertuzumab. Thus, the use of B100 is a promising option to complement and to enhance established treatment regimens for HER2-positive (breast) cancer and to overcome trastuzumab resistance. Extended preclinical analyses using appropriate models and clinical investigations are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Kathrin Wege
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Nicole Kirchhammer
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Gerhard Piendl
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Olaf Ortmann
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Gero Brockhoff
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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31
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Far-reaching advances in the role of carbon nanotubes in cancer therapy. Life Sci 2020; 257:118059. [PMID: 32659368 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer includes a group of diseases involving unregulated cell growth with the potential to invade or expand to other parts of the body, resulting in an estimate of 9.6 million deaths worldwide in 2018. Manifold studies have been conducted to design more efficacious techniques for cancer therapy due to the inadequacy of conventional treatments including chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy. With the advances in the biomedical applications of nanotechnology-based systems, nanomaterials have gained increasing attention as promising vehicles for targeted cancer therapy and optimizing treatment outcomes. Owing to their outstanding thermal, electrical, optical and chemical properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been profoundly studied to explore the various perspectives of their application in cancer treatment. The current study aims to review the role of CNTs whether as a carrier or mediator in cancer treatment for enhancing the efficacy as well as the specificity of therapy and reducing adverse side effects. This comprehensive review indicates that CNTs have the capability to be the next generation nanomaterials to actualize noninvasive targeted eradication of tumors. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the consequences of their biomedical application before the transition into clinical trials, since possible adverse effects of CNTs on biological systems have not been clearly understood.
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