1
|
Imran M, Raza M, Noor H, Faraz SM, Raza A, Farooq U, Khan ME, Ali SK, Bakather OY, Ali W, Bashiri AH, Zakri W. Insight into mechanism of excellent visible-light photocatalytic activity of CuO/MgO/ZnO nanocomposite for advanced solution of environmental remediation. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142224. [PMID: 38723693 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Environmental remediation has sought several innovative ways for the treatment of wastewater and captivated researchers around the globe towards it. Through this study, we aim to proceed with the efforts to foster sustainable and feasible ways for the treatment of wastewater. In this work, we report the sol-gel synthesis of CuO/MgO/ZnO nanocomposite and carry out their systematic characterization with the help of state-of-the-art analytical techniques, such as FTIR, SEM, TEM, PL, XRD, Raman, and AFM. The SEM along with TEM and AFM provided useful insights into the surface morphology of the synthesized nanocomposite on both 2D and 3D surfaces and concluded the well-dispersed behavior of the nanocomposite. The characteristic functional groups responsible for carrying out the reaction of Cu-O, Mg-O, and Zn-O were identified by FTIR spectroscopy. On the other hand, crystal size, dislocation density, and microstrain of the nanocomposite were calculated by XRD. For optical studies, photoluminescence spectroscopy was performed. Once the characterization of the nanocomposite was done, they were eventually treated against the toxic organic dye, methylene blue. The calculated rate constant values of k for CuO was 2.48 × 10-3 min-1, for CuO/MgO (2.04 × 10-3 min-1), for CuO/ZnO (1.82 × 10-3 min-1) and CuO/MgO/ZnO was found to be 2.00 × 10-3 min-1. It has become increasingly evident that nanotechnology can be used in various facets of modern life, and its implementation in wastewater treatment has recently received much attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics, University of Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Raza
- Additive Manufacturing Institute, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hadia Noor
- Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics, University of Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Muniza Faraz
- Department of Electronic Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Ali Raza
- Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics, University of Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ehtisham Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, College of Applied Industrial Technology, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Syed Kashif Ali
- Department of Physical Sciences, Chemistry Division, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box. 114, Jazan 45142, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Nanotechnology Research Unit, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box. 114, Jazan 45142, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer Y Bakather
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Computer Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wahid Ali
- Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, College of Applied Industrial Technology, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullateef H Bashiri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, P. O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Zakri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, P. O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Samadi MT, Rezaie A, Ebrahimi AA, Hossein Panahi A, Kargarian K, Abdipour H. The utility of ultraviolet beam in advanced oxidation-reduction processes: a review on the mechanism of processes and possible production free radicals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:6628-6648. [PMID: 38153574 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31572-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and advanced reduction processes (ARPs) are a set of chemical treatment procedures designed to eliminate organic (sometimes inorganic) contamination in water and wastewater by producing free reactive radicals (FRR). UV irradiation is one of the factors that are effectively used in oxidation-reduction processes. Not only does the UV beam cause the photolysis of contamination, but it also leads to the product of FRR by affecting oxidants-reductant, and the pollutant decomposition occurs by FRR. UV rays produce active radical species indirectly in an advanced redox process by affecting an oxidant (O3, H2O2), persulfate (PS), or reducer (dithionite, sulfite, sulfide, iodide, ferrous). Produced FRR with high redox potential (including oxidized or reduced radicals) causes detoxification and degradation of target contaminants by attacking them. In this review, it was found that ultraviolet radiation is one of the important and practical parameters in redox processes, which can be used to control a wide range of impurities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taghi Samadi
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Arezo Rezaie
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Ebrahimi
- Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ayat Hossein Panahi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Kiana Kargarian
- Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hossein Abdipour
- Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Agurokpon D, Louis H, Benjamin I, Godfrey OC, Ghotekar S, Adeyinka AS. Impact of Polythiophene ((C 4H 4S) n; n = 3, 5, 7, 9) Units on the Adsorption, Reactivity, and Photodegradation Mechanism of Tetracycline by Ti-Doped Graphene/Boron Nitride (Ti@GP_BN) Nanocomposite Materials: Insights from Computational Study. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:42340-42355. [PMID: 38024685 PMCID: PMC10652268 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
This study addresses the formidable persistence of tetracycline (TC) in the environment and its adverse impact on soil, water, and microbial ecosystems. To combat this issue, an innovative approach by varying polythiophene ((C4H4S)n; n = 3, 5, 7, 9) units and the subsequent interaction with Ti-doped graphene/boron nitride (Ti@GP_BN) nanocomposites was applied as catalysts for investigating the molecular structure, adsorption, excitation analysis, and photodegradation mechanism of tetracycline within the framework of density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP-gd3bj/def2svp method. This study reveals a compelling correlation between the adsorption potential of the nanocomposites and their corresponding excitation behaviors, particularly notable in the fifth and seventh units of the polythiophene configuration. These units exhibit distinct excitation patterns, characterized by energy levels of 1.3406 and 924.81 nm wavelengths for the fifth unit and 1.3391 and 925.88 nm wavelengths for the seventh unit. Through exploring deeper, the examination of the exciton binding energy emerges as a pivotal factor, bolstering the outcomes derived from both UV-vis transition analysis and adsorption exploration. Notably, the calculated exciton binding energies of 0.120 and 0.103 eV for polythiophene units containing 5 and 7 segments, respectively, provide compelling confirmation of our findings. This convergence of data reinforces the integrity of our earlier analyses, enhancing our understanding of the intricate electronic and energetic interplay within these intricate systems. This study sheds light on the promising potential of the polythiophene/Ti-doped graphene/boron nitride nanocomposite as an efficient candidate for TC photodegradation, contributing to the advancement of sustainable environmental remediation strategies. This study was conducted theoretically; hence, experimental studies are needed to authenticate the use of the studied nanocomposites for degrading TC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel
C. Agurokpon
- Computational
and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University
of Calabar, Calabar 540221, Nigeria
| | - Hitler Louis
- Computational
and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University
of Calabar, Calabar 540221, Nigeria
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Calabar, Calabar 540221, Nigeria
- Centre for
Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability, Chettinad Hospital
and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy
of Research and Education, Kelambakkam 603103, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Innocent Benjamin
- Computational
and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University
of Calabar, Calabar 540221, Nigeria
| | - Obinna C. Godfrey
- Computational
and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University
of Calabar, Calabar 540221, Nigeria
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Calabar, Calabar 540221, Nigeria
| | - Suresh Ghotekar
- Department
of Chemistry, Smt. Devkiba Mohansinhji, Chauhan College of Commerce
and Science, University of Mumbai, Silvassa 396, India
| | - Adedapo S. Adeyinka
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, South-Africa
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ye P, Chen K, Liu X, Zhu Z, Li C, Cheng Y, Yin Y, Xiao K. In situ fabrication of recyclable CuO@MoS2 nanosheet arrays-coated copper mesh for enhanced visible light photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline and microbial inactivation. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
|
5
|
Moghaddam AA, Mohammadi L, Bazrafshan E, Batool M, Behnampour M, Baniasadi M, Mohammadi L, Zafar MN. Antibiotics sequestration using metal nanoparticles: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Inorganica Chim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2023.121448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
|
6
|
Doosti M, Jahanshahi R, Laleh S, Sobhani S, Sansano JM. Solar light induced photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline in the presence of ZnO/NiFe2O4/Co3O4 as a new and highly efficient magnetically separable photocatalyst. Front Chem 2022; 10:1013349. [PMID: 36311420 PMCID: PMC9606596 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1013349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a new solar light-driven magnetic heterogeneous photocatalyst, denoted as ZnO/NiFe2O4/Co3O4, is successfully prepared. FT-IR, XPS, XRD, VSM, DRS, FESEM, TEM, EDS, elemental mapping, and ICP analysis are accomplished for full characterization of this catalyst. FESEM and TEM analyses of the photocatalyt clearly affirm the formation of a hexagonal structure of ZnO (25–40 nm) and the cubic structure of NiFe2O4 and Co3O4 (10–25 nm). Furthermore, the HRTEM images of the photocatalyst verify some key lattice fringes related to the photocatalyt structure. These data are in very good agreement with XRD analysis results. According to the ICP analysis, the molar ratio of ZnO/NiFe2O4/Co3O4 composite is obtained to be 1:0.75:0.5. Moreover, magnetization measurements reveals that the ZnO/NiFe2O4/Co3O4 has a superparamagnetic behavior with saturation magnetization of 32.38 emu/g. UV-vis DRS analysis indicates that the photocatalyst has a boosted and strong light response. ZnO/NiFe2O4/Co3O4, with band gap energy of about 2.65 eV [estimated according to the Tauc plot of (αhν)2vs. hν], exhibits strong potential towards the efficacious degradation of tetracycline (TC) by natural solar light. It is supposed that the synergistic optical effects between ZnO, NiFe2O4, and Co3O4 species is responsible for the increased photocatalytic performance of this photocatalyst under the optimal conditions (photocatalyst dosage = 0.02 g L−1, TC concentration = 30 mg L−1, pH = 9, irradiation time = 20 min, and TC degradation efficiency = 98%). The kinetic study of this degradation process is evaluated and it is well-matched with the pseudo-first-order kinetics. Based on the radical quenching tests, it can be perceived that •O2− species and holes are the major contributors in such a process, whereas the •OH radicals identify to have no major participation. The application of this methodology is implemented in a facile and low-cost photocatalytic approach to easily degrade TC by using a very low amount of the photocatalyst under natural sunlight source in an air atmosphere. The convenient magnetic isolation and reuse of the photocatalyst, and almost complete mineralization of TC (based on TOC analysis), are surveyed too, which further highlights the operational application of the current method. Notably, this method has the preferred performance among the very few methods reported for the photocatalytic degradation of TC under natural sunlight. It is assumed that the achievements of this photocatalytic method have opened an avenue for sustainable environmental remediation of a broad range of contaminants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Doosti
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Roya Jahanshahi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Laleh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Sara Sobhani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
- *Correspondence: Sara Sobhani,
| | - José Miguel Sansano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) and Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica (ISO), Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li X, Zhang X, Wang S, Yu P, Xu Y, Sun Y. Highly enhanced heterogeneous photo-Fenton process for tetracycline degradation by Fe/SCN Fenton-like catalyst. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 312:114856. [PMID: 35325739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To suppress the electron-hole recombination and enhance the electron transfer on carbon nitride, an Fe-doped porous carbon nitride catalyst (Fe/SCN) was synthesized via supramolecular self-assembly method and applied in heterogeneous Fenton activation for efficient tetracycline (TC) degradation. Various characterizations revealed that the catalyst exhibited excellent visible light capture performance and electron transfer capacity. The highest degradation efficiency and mineralization rate of TC (10 mg L-1) were achieved under neutral condition (90.3% and 61.2%, respectively) with the leaching of Fe less than 14 μg L-1. Free radical quenching experiments and spin-resonance spectroscopy characterizations revealed the dominating role of OH in TC degradation, and density functional theory calculation confirmed the formation of Fe-NX and revealed the interaction between Fe sites and H2O2. Three possible pathways of TC degradation were proposed, and the biological inhibition test revealed the potential of Fe/SCN/H2O2 system to reduce environmental risks caused by TC. This work provides a new insight into the design of metal-doped heterogeneous Fenton catalyst for the efficient degradation of antibiotic contaminants in water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Shiwen Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Peng Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yanhua Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Behnood R, Sodeifian G. Synthesis of Ag4Bi2O5 nanoparticles and evaluation of their photocatalytic activity. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.113776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
9
|
Breaking down of low-biodegradation Acid Red 206 dye using bentonite/Fe3O4/ZnO magnetic nanocomposite as a novel photo-catalyst in presence of UV light. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
10
|
Effect of UV Irradiation on the Structural Variation of Metal Oxide-Silica Nanocomposites for Enhanced Removal of Erythromycin at Neutral pH. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12040424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effect of UV treatment on the physicochemical properties and structural variation of metal oxide-silica nanocomposites (Mn2O3-Fe2O3@SiO2) has been investigated. Based on the results, UV irradiation significantly affects the nanocomposite structure, where SiO2 network reconfiguration, change in surface OH group density, and surface area were observed. Erythromycin (ERY) has been chosen as a module pollutant to compare the performance of the pristine and UV-treated nanocomposites. The pristine nanocomposite had a high adsorption efficiency (99.47%) and photocatalytic activity (99.57%) at neutral pH for ERY in the first cycle, and this efficiency decreased significantly for the multiple cycles. However, different results have been observed for the UV-treated nanocomposite, where it retained its performance for ten consecutive cycles. This enhanced performance is attributed to the structural modifications after UV exposure, where increased surface area, pore volume, and OH group density resulted in an increased number of the possible mechanisms responsible for the adsorption/oxidation of ERY. Moreover, oxidation of adsorbed molecules by UV light after each cycle can also be another reason for enhanced removal. For the first time, the fate of ERY is studied using regenerated nanocomposites after the last cycle. LC/MS/MS results showed that ERY degraded in 20 min, and the produced reaction by-products were adsorbed by nanocomposites. This study could be a foundation research for the practical approaches for the regeneration of nanomaterials and the successful removal of organic pollutants from aquatic environments.
Collapse
|
11
|
Abdullah FH, Bakar NHHA, Bakar MA. Current advancements on the fabrication, modification, and industrial application of zinc oxide as photocatalyst in the removal of organic and inorganic contaminants in aquatic systems. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127416. [PMID: 34655867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Industrial wastewaters contain hazardous contaminants that pollute the environment and cause socioeconomic problems, thus demanding the employment of effective remediation procedures such as photocatalysis. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials have emerged to be a promising photocatalyst for the removal of pollutants in wastewater owing to their excellent and attractive characteristics. The dynamic tunable features of ZnO allow a wide range of functionalization for enhanced photocatalytic efficiency. The current review summarizes the recent advances in the fabrication, modification, and industrial application of ZnO photocatalyst based on the analysis of the latest studies, including the following aspects: (1) overview on the properties, structures, and features of ZnO, (2) employment of dopants, heterojunction, and immobilization techniques for improved photodegradation performance, (3) applicability of suspended and immobilized photocatalytic systems, (4) application of ZnO hybrids for the removal of various types of hazardous pollutants from different wastewater sources in industries, and (5) potential of bio-inspired ZnO hybrid nanomaterials for photocatalytic applications using renewable and biodegradable resources for greener photocatalytic technologies. In addition, the knowledge gap in this field of work is also highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F H Abdullah
- Nanoscience Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - N H H Abu Bakar
- Nanoscience Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - M Abu Bakar
- Nanoscience Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bisaria K, Sinha S, Singh R, Iqbal HMN. Recent advances in structural modifications of photo-catalysts for organic pollutants degradation - A comprehensive review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 284:131263. [PMID: 34198058 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few years, industrial and anthropogenic activities have increased the presence of organic pollutants such as dyes, herbicides, pesticides, analgesics, and antibiotics in the water that adversely affect human health and the environment worldwide. Photocatalytic treatment is considered a promising, economical, effective, and sustainable process that utilizes light energy to degrade the pollutants in water. However, certain drawbacks like rapid recombination and low migration capability of photogenerated electrons and holes have restricted the use of photo-catalysts in industries. Hence, despite the abundance of lab-scale research, the technology is still not much commercialized in the mainstream. Several structural modifications in the photo-catalysts have been adopted to enhance the pollutant degradation performance to overcome the same. In this context, the present review article outlines the different advanced heterostructures synthesized to date for improved degradation of three major organic pollutants: antibiotics, dyes, and pesticides. Moreover, the article also emphasizes the degradation kinetics of photo-catalysts and the publication trend in the past decade along with the roadblocks preventing the transfer of technology from the laboratory to industry and new age photo-catalysts for the profitable implications in industrial sectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kavya Bisaria
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Surbhi Sinha
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rachana Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Babu B, Koutavarapu R, Shim J, Kim J, Yoo K. Improved sunlight-driven photocatalytic abatement of tetracycline and photoelectrocatalytic water oxidation by tin oxide quantum dots anchored on nickel ferrite nanoplates. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
14
|
Nasseh N, Khosravi R, Mazari Moghaddam NS, Rezania S. Effect of UV C and UV A Photocatalytic Processes on Tetracycline Removal Using CuS-Coated Magnetic Activated Carbon Nanocomposite: A Comparative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111163. [PMID: 34769682 PMCID: PMC8582642 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized a novel MAC nanocomposite using almond’s green hull coated with CuS. The whole set of experiments have been conducted inside a batch (discontinuous reactor system) at room temperature. The effectiveness of different parameters in tetracycline removal pH (3, 5, 7, and 9), pollutant concentration (5–100 mg/L), nanocomposite dosage (0.025–1 g/L), and contact time (5–60 min) using newly synthesized nanocomposite were investigated. Based on the results, in the optimal conditions of pH = 9, nanocomposite dosage of 1 g/L, pollutant concentration of 20 mg/L, contact time of 60 min, and room temperature, 95% removal efficiency was obtained. In MAC/CuS/UVC process, the removal of COD and TOC were 76.89% and 566.84% respectively meanwhile, these values in MAC/CuS/UVA process were 74.19% and 62.11%, respectively. The results of nanocomposite stability and magnetic recovery illustrated that the removal efficiency was reduced by 1.5% in the presence of UVC and 5% in the presence of UVA lights during all six cycles. Therefore, this nanocomposite was highly capable of recycling and reuse. It can be concluded that considering the high potential of the synthesized nanocomposite, the photocatalytic efficiency of the MAC/CuS/UVC process in tetracycline synthesis was higher than MAC/CuS/UVA process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Negin Nasseh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Environmental Health Engineering Department, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran; (N.N.); (R.K.)
| | - Rasoul Khosravi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Environmental Health Engineering Department, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran; (N.N.); (R.K.)
| | - Narjes sadat Mazari Moghaddam
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran
- Correspondence: (N.s.M.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Shahabaldin Rezania
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
- Correspondence: (N.s.M.M.); (S.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mesoporous TiO2 Implanted ZnO QDs for the Photodegradation of Tetracycline: Material Design, Structural Characterization and Photodegradation Mechanism. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11101205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A sol-gel method was used to prepare a mesoporous TiO2 implanted with a ZnO quantum dot photocatalyst (TZQ) for the photodegradation of tetracycline (TC) under fluorescent light irradiation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows the presence of cavities on the photocatalyst surface due to the use of starch as a synthetic template, where the nitrogen sorption results indicate that TZQ contains mesopores with reduced size (ca. 4.3 nm) versus the pore size of the parent meso-TiO2 (ca. 7.5 nm). The addition of ZnO quantum dots (QDs) resulted in spherically-shaped binary composite particles in layers onto the surface of TiO2. The coexistence of the ZnO QDs and TiO2 phase was observed using high resolution-transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The photodegradation of TC was carried out in a homemade reactor equipped with two fluorescent lights (24 W each) and within 90 min of irradiation, 94.6% of TC (40 mg L−1) was photodegraded using 250 mg L−1 of TZQ at pH 9. The major reactive oxygen species identified from the scavenging tests were O2●− followed by HO●. The deconvolution of the photoluminescence spectrum of TZQ indicates the presence of a strong quantum confinement effect (QCE) of the ZnO QDs, a defect related to Ti-species and oxygen. The analysis of the intermediates detected by LC-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (LC/TOF-MS) suggest two photodegradation pathways. The pathways were validated using the Fukui function approach and the Wheland localisation approach. This simple and efficient photocatalytic technology is anticipated to benefit small-scale animal husbandries and aquaculture operators that have limited access to sustainable water treatment technology.
Collapse
|
16
|
Bharathi DS, Boopathyraja A, Nachimuthu S, Kannan K. Green Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of SiO2–ZnO Nanocomposite by Dictyota bartayresiana Extract and Its Cytotoxic Effect on HT29 Cell Line. J CLUST SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-021-02170-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
17
|
Application of Magnetic Composites in Removal of Tetracycline through Adsorption and Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs): A Review. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Water pollution induced by the tetracycline (TC) has caused global increasing attention owing to its extensive use, environmental persistence, and potential harm for human health. Adsorption and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been promising techniques for TC removal due to ideal effectiveness and efficiency. Magnetic composites (MCs) which exploit the combined advantages of nano scale, alternative sources, easy preparation, and separation from wastewater are widely used for catalysis and adsorption. Herein, we intensively reviewed the available literature in order to provide comprehensive insight into the applications and mechanisms of MCs for removal of TC by adsorption and AOPs. The synthesis methods of MCs, the TC adsorption, and removal mechanisms are fully discussed. MCs serve as efficient adsorbents and photocatalysts with superior performance of photocatalytic performance in TC degradation. In addition, the TC can be effectively decomposed by the Fenton-based and SO4•− mediated oxidation under catalysis of the reported MCs with excellent catalytic performance. Based on the existing literature, we further discuss the challenge and future perspectives in MCs-based adsorption and AOPs in removing TC.
Collapse
|
18
|
Jalili-Jahani N, Rabbani F, Fatehi A, Musavi Haghighi T. Rapid one-pot synthesis of Ag-decorated ZnO nanoflowers for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline and product analysis by LC/APCI-MS and direct probe ESI-MS. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2021.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
19
|
Tang L, Xiao J, Mao Q, Zhang Z, Yao Z, Zhu X, Zhong Q. One-step direct synthesis of nano bismuth vanadate from bismuth oxide and sodium metavanadate via liquid phase ball-milling method: A novel and environmentally friendly process. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2021.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
|
20
|
Floating ZnO QDs-Modified TiO 2/LLDPE Hybrid Polymer Film for the Effective Photodegradation of Tetracycline under Fluorescent Light Irradiation: Synthesis and Characterisation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092509. [PMID: 33923041 PMCID: PMC8123277 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, mesoporous TiO2-modified ZnO quantum dots (QDs) were immobilised on a linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) polymer using a solution casting method for the photodegradation of tetracycline (TC) antibiotics under fluorescent light irradiation. Various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques were used to investigate the physicochemical properties of the floating hybrid polymer film catalyst (8%-ZT@LLDPE). The highest removal (89.5%) of TC (40 mg/L) was achieved within 90 min at pH 9 due to enhanced water uptake by the LDDPE film and the surface roughness of the hybrid film. The formation of heterojunctions increased the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. The QDs size-dependent quantum confinement effect leads to the displacement of the conduction band potential of ZnO QDs to more negative energy values than TiO2. The displacement generates more reactive species with higher oxidation ability. The highly stable film photocatalyst can be separated easily and can be repeatedly used up to 8 cycles without significant loss in the photocatalytic ability. The scavenging test indicates that the main species responsible for the photodegradation was O2●−. The proposed photodegradation mechanism of TC was demonstrated in further detail based on the intermediates detected by LC-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (LC/TOF-MS).
Collapse
|
21
|
Chen S, Li B, Huang D, Xu P, Chen Y, Lei L, Wang Z, Deng R, Du L, Wang G. Jointed Synchronous Photocatalytic Oxidation and Chromate Reduction Enabled by the Defect Distribution upon BiVO 4: Mechanism Insight and Toxicity Assessment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:17586-17598. [PMID: 33847119 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exploring active and ecological materials for the restoration of complex pollution system is highly desired. This study presents a facile defect-tailoring strategy for combined pollutants purification with BiVO4 photocatalysis in which the jointed synchronous reaction of oxidation and reduction is integrated instead of the sequential reaction in two individual systems. XPS and EPR reveal that BiVO4 with a suitable oxygen vacancies (OVs) concentration and distribution exhibits superior photocatalytic activity under the coexistence of TC-HCl and Cr(VI) with Cr(VI) reduction efficiency increased by 71 times compared with the individual Cr(VI) system along with TC-HCl removal efficiency comparable to a single TC-HCl system. The mechanism of synchronous redox reactions mediated by surface OVs is revealed by comprehensive characterization together with reaction kinetic analysis, and the electronic band structure adjustment induced by the OVs variation is confirmed. Active species identification tests and intermediate product analysis confirm that singlet oxygen (1O2) accounts for the selective oxidation of TC-HCl, while electrons dominate the reduction of Cr(VI), under a coexistent environment. The influence of water quality parameters (e.g., pH, cations, anions, and organic substances) on the photocatalytic activity is investigated considering the complexity of the real aquatic environment. Importantly, toxicity assessment with Gram-negative strain E. coli as a model bacterium validates that the toxicity of the intermediates can be reduced to low or even ultralow levels. This work is dedicated to the mechanistic study of defect photocatalysis over BiVO4 and provides a jointed synchronous reaction system for combined pollutant purification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sha Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Danlian Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Piao Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yashi Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Lei Lei
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Rui Deng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Li Du
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Guangfu Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nasseh N, Arghavan FS, Daglioglu N, Asadi A. Fabrication of novel magnetic CuS/Fe 3O 4/GO nanocomposite for organic pollutant degradation under visible light irradiation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:19222-19233. [PMID: 33394401 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12066-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic nanocomposites composed of copper sulphide, iron oxide, and graphene oxide (CuS/Fe3O4/GO) were synthesized through a facile sol-gel combined with hydrothermal techniques for photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) as a model organic pollutant. The as-prepared samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), differential reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and results confirmed successful synthesis of magnetic nanocomposite. Presence of Fe3O4 and GO in nanocomposite induced a synergistic effect in CuS performance as CS88F6G6 (i.e. 88% CuS, 6% Fe3O4, and 6% GO). The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of MB reached up to 90.3% after exposure to visible light irradiation for 80 min. The composite nanosheets are photostable, reusable, and magnetically recoverable, revealing potential application in removal of organic pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Negin Nasseh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Faculty of Health, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Arghavan
- Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nebile Daglioglu
- School of Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey
| | - Anvar Asadi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Enhanced adsorption for the removal of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) using ball-milled biochar derived from crayfish shell. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
24
|
Enesca A. Enhancing the Photocatalytic Activity of SnO 2-TiO 2 and ZnO-TiO 2 Tandem Structures Toward Indoor Air Decontamination. Front Chem 2020; 8:583270. [PMID: 33324610 PMCID: PMC7723902 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.583270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
ZnO-TiO2 and SnO2-TiO2 tandem structures were developed using the doctor blade technique. It was found that by employing organic hydrophilic and hydrophobic as additives into the precursor it is possible to tailor the film density and morphology with direct consequences on the photocatalytic activity of the tandem structures. The highest photocatalytic efficiency corresponds to ZnO-TiO2 and can reach 74.04% photocatalytic efficiency toward acetaldehyde when a hydrophilic additive is used and 70.93% when a hydrophobic additive is employed. The snO2-TiO2 tandem structure presents lower photocatalytic properties (61.35 % when the hydrophilic additive is used) with a constant rate reaction of 0.07771 min-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Enesca
- Product Design, Mechatronics and Environmental Department, Transilvania University of Brasov, Braşov, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Recent Advances in Magnetic Nanoparticles and Nanocomposites for the Remediation of Water Resources. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry6040049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Water resources are of extreme importance for both human society and the environment. However, human activity has increasingly resulted in the contamination of these resources with a wide range of materials that can prevent their use. Nanomaterials provide a possible means to reduce this contamination, but their removal from water after use may be difficult. The addition of a magnetic character to nanomaterials makes their retrieval after use much easier. The following review comprises a short survey of the most recent reports in this field. It comprises five sections, an introduction into the theme, reports on single magnetic nanoparticles, magnetic nanocomposites containing two of more nanomaterials, magnetic nanocomposites containing material of a biologic origin and finally, observations about the reported research with a view to future developments. This review should provide a snapshot of developments in what is a vibrant and fast-moving area of research.
Collapse
|
26
|
Kamarudin N, Jusoh R, Jalil A, Setiabudi H, Sukor N. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles in green binary solvent for degradation of 2,4-D herbicide: Optimization and kinetic studies. Chem Eng Res Des 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2020.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
27
|
Tetracycline Photocatalytic Degradation under CdS Treatment. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse8070483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Industrialization and the growing consumption of medicines leads to global aquatic contamination. One of the antibiotics widely used against bacterial infections in both human and veterinary medicine is tetracycline. Despite its positive antibiotic action, tetracycline is resistant against degradation, and therefore it accumulates in the environment, including the aquatic environment, creating great health hazards, possibly stimulating antibiotic resistance of pathogenic organisms. In this research, aqueous suspensions of semiconductor nanoparticles CdS were used for photocatalytic activity studies in the presence of methylene blue as a model compound, and finally, in the presence of tetracycline, a broad-spectrum antibiotic widely used against bacterial infections, as well as a live-stock food additive. The mechanism and kinetic rate constants of photocatalytic degradation processes of methylene blue and tetracycline were described in correlation with the energy diagram of CdS nanoparticles.
Collapse
|
28
|
Roy S, Bardhan S, Chanda DK, Ghosh S, Mondal D, Roy J, Das S. Development of a Cu(ii) doped boehmite based multifunctional sensor for detection and removal of Cr(vi) from wastewater and conversion of Cr(vi) into an energy harvesting source. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:6607-6615. [PMID: 32342977 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00888e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This article reports a copper doped boehmite (CBH) based nano-material which is capable of detecting and removing hexavalent chromium simultaneously. Basic characterization has been performed to determine its phase purity, particle size (∼20 nm), morphology and surface properties (surface area 15.29 m2 g-1 and pore diameter 3.9 nm) by using some basic characterization tools. The Rietveld refinement method has been adopted to analyze the microstructural details of the synthesized nanostructure. Photoinduced electron transfer (PET) based quenching of fluorescence is mainly responsible for chromium sensing in this case. This nanosensor is exceptionally sensitive (limit of detection ∼ 6.24 μM) and merely selective towards hexavalent chromium ions. Industrial wastewater samples have also been used here to demonstrate the real life applicability of this material, which shows the same trend. This fluoro-sensor gains its multi-functionality when it comes to the adsorption based removal of Cr(vi) from wastewater. The synthesized material shows a remarkably high adsorption rate (∼85% in just 5 minutes) due to its sponge-like porous structure. Adsorption of hexavalent chromium from wastewater enhances the dielectric constant of this material significantly (∼7.93 times). Ionic polarization-dependent enhancement of the dielectric constant resulting from industrial wastewater treatment is a quite unmarked approach. Very low tangent loss with augmented dielectric permittivity makes this nano-material desirable for energy harvesting applications. Previously many articles have reported the sensing and removal of various industrial effluents. Keeping this in mind, this work has been designed and, apart from sensing and removal, it provides a new insight into energy harvesting from wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Roy
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Photocatalytic degradation of ibuprofen and naproxen in water over NS-TiO2 coating on polycarbonate: Process modeling and intermediates identification. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.107888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|