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Yang S, Huang Y, Yang T, Li J, Tian J, Liu L. Electrochemical detection of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 with silver nanoparticles as signal labels by integrating the advantages of homogeneous reaction with surface-tethered detection. Talanta 2024; 281:126796. [PMID: 39226698 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 (PARP1) could be activated by binding to nucleic acids with specific sequences, thus catalyzing the poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) of target proteins including PARP1 itself. Most of the previously reported electrochemical methods for the determination of PARP1 were relied on the electrostatic interactions, which required the pre-immobilization of DNA on an electrode for the capture of PARP1. Herein, we reported an "immobilization-free" electrochemical strategy for the assays of PARP1 on the basic of avidin-biotin interaction. Once PARP1 was activated by binding with the specific double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in a homogeneous solution, the biotinylated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (biotin-NAD+) was transferred onto PARP1, resulting in the formation of biotinylated PAR polymers. The resulting biotinylated PAR polymers were then captured by a neutravidin (NA)-modified electrode through avidin-biotin interactions. The rich biotin moieties in the PAR polymers allowed for the capture of NA-modified silver nanoparticles (NA-AgNPs) through the avidin-biotin interactions. The surface-tethered AgNPs produced a well-defined electrochemical signal due to the characteristic solid-state Ag/AgCl process. The "immobilization-free", electrostatic interaction-independent electrochemical biosensor exhibited low background current, high sensitivity, and good stability. It has achieved the determination of PARP1 with a detection limit down to 0.7 mU. The biosensor was further applied to determine the inhibition efficiency of potential inhibitors with a satisfactory result. This method shows promising potential applications in PARP1-related clinical diagnosis and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suling Yang
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Opto-electronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Yaliang Huang
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Opto-electronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China; School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China.
| | - Tingting Yang
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Opto-electronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Jingze Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Jiaxin Tian
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Opto-electronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Opto-electronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China.
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2
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Kowalska A, Adamska E, Grobelna B. Medical Applications of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles and Core-Shell Nanostructures Based on Silver or Gold Core: Recent Progress and Innovations. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202300672. [PMID: 38477448 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) of noble metals such as silver (Ag NPs) or gold (Au NPs) draw the attention of scientists looking for new compounds to use in medical applications. Scientists have used metal NPs because of their easy preparation, biocompatibility, ability to influence the shape and size or modification, and surface functionalization. However, to fully use their capabilities, both the benefits and their potential threats should be considered. One possibility to reduce the potential threat and thus prevent the extinction of their properties resulting from the agglomeration, they are covered with a neutral material, thus obtaining core-shell nanostructures that can be further modified and functionalized depending on the subsequent application. In this review, we focus on discussing the properties and applications of Ag NPs and Au NPs in the medical field such as the treatment of various diseases, drug carriers, diagnostics, and many others. In addition, the following review also discusses the use and potential applications of Ag@SiO2 and Au@SiO2 core-shell nanostructures, which can be used in cancer therapy and diagnosis, treatment of infections, or tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Kowalska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stosza Gdańsk, 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Adamska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stosza Gdańsk, 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Beata Grobelna
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stosza Gdańsk, 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
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3
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Hosnedlova B, Werle J, Cepova J, Narayanan VHB, Vyslouzilova L, Fernandez C, Parikesit AA, Kepinska M, Klapkova E, Kotaska K, Stepankova O, Bjorklund G, Prusa R, Kizek R. Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors for Identification of Viruses: A Critical Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-30. [PMID: 38753964 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2343853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Due to their life cycle, viruses can disrupt the metabolism of their hosts, causing diseases. If we want to disrupt their life cycle, it is necessary to identify their presence. For this purpose, it is possible to use several molecular-biological and bioanalytical methods. The reference selection was performed based on electronic databases (2020-2023). This review focused on electrochemical methods with high sensitivity and selectivity (53% voltammetry/amperometry, 33% impedance, and 12% other methods) which showed their great potential for detecting various viruses. Moreover, the aforementioned electrochemical methods have considerable potential to be applicable for care-point use as they are portable due to their miniaturizability and fast speed analysis (minutes to hours), and are relatively easy to interpret. A total of 2011 articles were found, of which 86 original papers were subsequently evaluated (the majority of which are focused on human pathogens, whereas articles dealing with plant pathogens are in the minority). Thirty-two species of viruses were included in the evaluation. It was found that most of the examined research studies (77%) used nanotechnological modifications. Other ones performed immunological (52%) or genetic analyses (43%) for virus detection. 5% of the reports used peptides to increase the method's sensitivity. When evaluable, 65% of the research studies had LOD values in the order of ng or nM. The vast majority (79%) of the studies represent proof of concept and possibilities with low application potential and a high need of further research experimental work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozena Hosnedlova
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Julia Werle
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Cepova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vedha Hari B Narayanan
- Pharmaceutical Technology Lab, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Lenka Vyslouzilova
- Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics and Cybernetics, Department of Biomedical Engineering & Assistive Technologies, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Carlos Fernandez
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Arli Aditya Parikesit
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Jakarta, Timur, Indonesia
| | - Marta Kepinska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Eva Klapkova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Kotaska
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Stepankova
- Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics and Cybernetics, Department of Biomedical Engineering & Assistive Technologies, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Geir Bjorklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway
| | - Richard Prusa
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rene Kizek
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
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4
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Muttaqien SE, Khoris IM, Suryanggono J, Sadhukhan PC, Pambudi S, Chowdhury AD, Park EY. Point-of-care dengue detection: polydopamine-modified electrode for rapid NS1 protein testing for clinical samples. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:174. [PMID: 38436801 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06259-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of dengue infection by detecting the dengue virus non-structural protein 1 (DENV-NS1) is important to the patients to initiate speedy treatment. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based NS1 detection and RT-PCR are time-consuming and too complex to be employed in remote areas of dengue-endemic countries. Meanwhile, those of NS1 rapid test by lateral flow assay suffer from low detection limit. Electrochemical-based biosensors using screen-printed gold electrodes (SPGEs) have become a reliable detection method to convey both ELISA's high sensitivity and rapid test portability. In this research, we developed an electrochemical biosensor for DENV-NS1 detection by employing polydopamine (PDA)-modified SPGE. The electrodeposition of PDA on the surface of SPGE serves as a bioconjugation avenue for anti-NS1 antibody through a simple and low-cost immobilization procedure. The biosensor performance was evaluated to detect DENV-NS1 protein in PBS and human serum through a differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) technique. The developed sensing platform displayed a low limit of detection (LOD) of 1.63 pg mL-1 and a wide linear range of 10 pg mL-1 to 1 ng mL-1 (R2 ∼ 0.969). The sensing platform also detected DEV-NS1 from four different serotypes in the clinical samples collected from dengue patients in India and Indonesia, with acceptable sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy values of 90.00%, 80.95%, and 87.65%, respectively. This result showcased the facile and versatile method of PDA coating onto the surface of screen-printed gold electrodes for a miniaturized point-of-care (PoC) detection device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjaikhurrizal El Muttaqien
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-Ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), LAPTIAB 1, PUSPIPTEK, Tangerang Selatan, 15314, Indonesia
| | - Indra Memdi Khoris
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-Ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
- Nanomaterials Research Division, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Jodi Suryanggono
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), LAPTIAB 1, PUSPIPTEK, Tangerang Selatan, 15314, Indonesia
| | - Provash C Sadhukhan
- ICMR-NICED Virus Laboratory, Kolkata, I.D. & B.G. Hospital, Banerjee Road, Kolkata, 700010, West Bengal, India
| | - Sabar Pambudi
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), LAPTIAB 1, PUSPIPTEK, Tangerang Selatan, 15314, Indonesia
| | - Ankan Dutta Chowdhury
- Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Kolkata, Kolkata, 700084, West Bengal, India
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-Ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
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5
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Dias BDP, Barbosa CC, Ferreira CS, Mayra Soares Alves Dos Santos S, Arrieta OAP, Malta WC, Gomes MLMD, Alves E Silva M, Fonseca JDM, Borges LP, Silva BDM. Challenges in Direct Detection of Flaviviruses: A Review. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12050643. [PMID: 37242313 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12050643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Arthropods transmit arboviruses via mosquito and tick bites to humans and other animals. The genus flavivirus, which causes diseases, sequelae, and thousands of deaths, mainly in developing and underdeveloped countries, is among the arboviruses of interest to public health. Given the importance of early and accurate diagnosis, this review analyzes the methods of direct detection of flaviviruses, such as reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification, microfluidics, localized surface plasmon resonance, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering, and presents the advantages, disadvantages, and detection limits identified in studies reported in the literature for each methodology. Among the different methods available, it is essential to balance four fundamental indicators to determine the ideal test: good sensitivity, high specificity, low false positive rate, and rapid results. Among the methods analyzed, reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification stands out, owing to result availability within a few minutes, with good sensitivity and specificity; in addition, it is the best-characterized methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna de Paula Dias
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Camila Cavadas Barbosa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Cyntia Silva Ferreira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Mariela Alves E Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Júlia de Matos Fonseca
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Lysandro Pinto Borges
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão 9100-000, Brazil
| | - Breno de Mello Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
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6
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Ramalingam M, Jaisankar A, Cheng L, Krishnan S, Lan L, Hassan A, Sasmazel HT, Kaji H, Deigner HP, Pedraz JL, Kim HW, Shi Z, Marrazza G. Impact of nanotechnology on conventional and artificial intelligence-based biosensing strategies for the detection of viruses. DISCOVER NANO 2023; 18:58. [PMID: 37032711 PMCID: PMC10066940 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-023-03842-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed the emergence of several viruses and other pathogens. Some of these infectious diseases have spread globally, resulting in pandemics. Although biosensors of various types have been utilized for virus detection, their limited sensitivity remains an issue. Therefore, the development of better diagnostic tools that facilitate the more efficient detection of viruses and other pathogens has become important. Nanotechnology has been recognized as a powerful tool for the detection of viruses, and it is expected to change the landscape of virus detection and analysis. Recently, nanomaterials have gained enormous attention for their value in improving biosensor performance owing to their high surface-to-volume ratio and quantum size effects. This article reviews the impact of nanotechnology on the design, development, and performance of sensors for the detection of viruses. Special attention has been paid to nanoscale materials, various types of nanobiosensors, the internet of medical things, and artificial intelligence-based viral diagnostic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugan Ramalingam
- grid.411292.d0000 0004 1798 8975School of Basic Medical Sciences, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106 China
- grid.411982.70000 0001 0705 4288Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116 Republic of Korea
- grid.411982.70000 0001 0705 4288Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116 Republic of Korea
- grid.411982.70000 0001 0705 4288BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116 Republic of Korea
- grid.411982.70000 0001 0705 4288Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116 Republic of Korea
- grid.411982.70000 0001 0705 4288UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116 South Korea
- grid.440424.20000 0004 0595 4604Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Atilim University, 06836 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abinaya Jaisankar
- grid.412813.d0000 0001 0687 4946Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014 India
| | - Lijia Cheng
- grid.411292.d0000 0004 1798 8975School of Basic Medical Sciences, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106 China
| | - Sasirekha Krishnan
- grid.412813.d0000 0001 0687 4946Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014 India
| | - Liang Lan
- grid.411292.d0000 0004 1798 8975School of Basic Medical Sciences, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106 China
| | - Anwarul Hassan
- grid.412603.20000 0004 0634 1084Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hilal Turkoglu Sasmazel
- grid.440424.20000 0004 0595 4604Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Atilim University, 06836 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hirokazu Kaji
- grid.265073.50000 0001 1014 9130Department of Biomechanics, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 101-0062 Japan
| | - Hans-Peter Deigner
- grid.21051.370000 0001 0601 6589Institute of Precision Medicine, Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Furtwangen University, 78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Jose Luis Pedraz
- grid.11480.3c0000000121671098NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- grid.411982.70000 0001 0705 4288Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116 Republic of Korea
- grid.411982.70000 0001 0705 4288Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116 Republic of Korea
- grid.411982.70000 0001 0705 4288BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116 Republic of Korea
- grid.411982.70000 0001 0705 4288Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116 Republic of Korea
- grid.411982.70000 0001 0705 4288UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116 South Korea
| | - Zheng Shi
- grid.411292.d0000 0004 1798 8975School of Basic Medical Sciences, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106 China
| | - Giovanna Marrazza
- grid.8404.80000 0004 1757 2304Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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7
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Ang PC, Perumal V, Ibrahim MNM, Adnan R, Mohd Azman DK, Gopinath SCB, Raja PB. Electrochemical biosensor detection on respiratory and flaviviruses. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:1503-1513. [PMID: 36719432 PMCID: PMC9887245 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12400-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Viruses have spread throughout the world and cause acute illness or death among millions of people. There is a growing concern about methods to control and combat early-stage viral infections to prevent the significant public health problem. However, conventional detection methods like polymerase chain reaction (PCR) requires sample purification and are time-consuming for further clinical diagnosis. Hence, establishing a portable device for rapid detection with enhanced sensitivity and selectivity for the specific virus to prevent further spread becomes an urgent need. Many research groups are focusing on the potential of the electrochemical sensor to become a key for developing point-of-care (POC) technologies for clinical analysis because it can solve most of the limitations of conventional diagnostic methods. Herein, this review discusses the current development of electrochemical sensors for the detection of respiratory virus infections and flaviviruses over the past 10 years. Trends in future perspectives in rapid clinical detection sensors on viruses are also discussed. KEY POINTS: • Respiratory related viruses and Flavivirus are being concerned for past decades. • Important to differentiate the cross-reactivity between the virus in same family. • Electrochemical biosensor as a suitable device to detect viruses with high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phaik Ching Ang
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Veeradasan Perumal
- Centre of Innovative Nanostructures and Nanodevices (COINN), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | | | - Rohana Adnan
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Daruliza Kernain Mohd Azman
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Gelugor, Malaysia
| | - Subash C B Gopinath
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 01000, Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
- Micro System Technology, Centre of Excellence (CoE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Pauh Campus, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Pandian Bothi Raja
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia.
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8
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Dorozhko E, Kazachinskaia E, Kononova Y, Zaikovskaya A, Barek J, Korotkova E, Kolobova E, Sheveleva P, Saqib M. Electrochemical immunoassay of antibodies using freshly prepared and aged conjugates of silver nanoparticles. Talanta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Ribeiro JF, Melo JR, Santos CDL, Chaves CR, Cabral Filho PE, Pereira G, Santos BS, Pereira GA, Rosa DS, Ribeiro RT, Fontes A. Sensitive Zika Biomarker Detection Assisted by Quantum Dot-Modified Electrochemical Immunosensing Platform. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 221:112984. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Plekhanova YV, Rai M, Reshetilov AN. Nanomaterials in bioelectrochemical devices: on applications enhancing their positive effect. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:231. [PMID: 35996672 PMCID: PMC9391563 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03260-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical biosensors and biofuel cells are finding an ever-increasing practical application due to several advantages. Biosensors are miniature measuring devices, which can be used for on-the-spot analyses, with small assay times and sample volumes. Biofuel cells have dual benefits of environmental cleanup and electric energy generation. Application of nanomaterials in biosensor and biofuel-cell devices increases their functioning efficiency and expands spheres of use. This review discusses the potential of nanomaterials in improving the basic parameters of bioelectrochemical systems, including the sensitivity increase, detection lower-limit decrease, detection-range change, lifetime increase, substrate-specificity control. In most cases, the consideration of the role of nanomaterials links a certain type of nanomaterial with its effect on the bioelectrochemical device upon the whole. The review aims at assessing the effects of nanomaterials on particular analytical parameters of a biosensor/biofuel-cell bioelectrochemical device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia V. Plekhanova
- G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russian Federation
| | - Mahendra Rai
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati, MH 444602 India
| | - Anatoly N. Reshetilov
- G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russian Federation
- Tula State University, 300012 Tula, Russian Federation
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Abstract
The effect of the on-going COVID-19 pandemic on global healthcare systems has underlined the importance of timely and cost-effective point-of-care diagnosis of viruses. The need for ultrasensitive easy-to-use platforms has culminated in an increased interest for rapid response equipment-free alternatives to conventional diagnostic methods such as polymerase chain reaction, western-blot assay, etc. Furthermore, the poor stability and the bleaching behavior of several contemporary fluorescent reporters is a major obstacle in understanding the mechanism of viral infection thus retarding drug screening and development. Owing to their extraordinary surface-to-volume ratio as well as their quantum confinement and charge transfer properties, nanomaterials are desirable additives to sensing and imaging systems to amplify their signal response as well as temporal resolution. Their large surface area promotes biomolecular integration as well as efficacious signal transduction. Due to their hole mobility, photostability, resistance to photobleaching, and intense brightness, nanomaterials have a considerable edge over organic dyes for single virus tracking. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of combining carbon-allotrope, inorganic and organic-based nanomaterials with virus sensing and tracking methods, starting with the impact of human pathogenic viruses on the society. We address how different nanomaterials can be used in various virus sensing platforms (e.g. lab-on-a-chip, paper, and smartphone-based point-of-care systems) as well as in virus tracking applications. We discuss the enormous potential for the use of nanomaterials as simple, versatile, and affordable tools for detecting and tracing viruses infectious to humans, animals, plants as well as bacteria. We present latest examples in this direction by emphasizing major advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqsit Pirzada
- Technical University of Berlin, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Maths, Straße des 17. Juni 124, Berlin 10623, Germany. .,Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstr 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Zeynep Altintas
- Technical University of Berlin, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Maths, Straße des 17. Juni 124, Berlin 10623, Germany. .,Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstr 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
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Zhang W, Taheri-Ledari R, Ganjali F, Afruzi FH, Hajizadeh Z, Saeidirad M, Qazi FS, Kashtiaray A, Sehat SS, Hamblin MR, Maleki A. Nanoscale bioconjugates: A review of the structural attributes of drug-loaded nanocarrier conjugates for selective cancer therapy. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09577. [PMID: 35706949 PMCID: PMC9189039 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanobioconjugates are nanoscale drug delivery vehicles that have been conjugated to or decorated with biologically active targeting ligands. These targeting ligands can be antibodies, peptides, aptamers, or small molecules such as vitamins or hormones. Most research studies in this field have been devoted to targeting cancer. Moreover, the nanostructures can be designed with an additional level of targeting by being designed to be stimulus-responsive or "smart" by a judicious choice of materials to be incorporated into the hybrid nanostructures. This stimulus could be an acidic pH, raised temperature, enzyme, ultrasound, redox potential, an externally applied magnetic field, or laser irradiation. In this case, the smart capability can increase the accumulation at the tumor site or the on-demand drug release, while the ligand ensures selective binding to the tumor cells. The present review highlights some interesting studies classified according to the nanostructure material. These materials include natural substances (polysaccharides), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (and halloysite nanotubes), metal-organic frameworks and covalent-organic frameworks, metal nanoparticles (gold and silver), and polymeric micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Reza Taheri-Ledari
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ganjali
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Fereshte Hassanzadeh Afruzi
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Zoleikha Hajizadeh
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Mahdi Saeidirad
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Fateme Sadat Qazi
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Amir Kashtiaray
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Samin Sadat Sehat
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Ali Maleki
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
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Irfan MI, Amjad F, Abbas A, Rehman MFU, Kanwal F, Saeed M, Ullah S, Lu C. Novel Carboxylic Acid-Capped Silver Nanoparticles as Antimicrobial and Colorimetric Sensing Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:3363. [PMID: 35684301 PMCID: PMC9182355 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work reports the synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial activities of adipic acid-capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs@AA) and their utilization for selective detection of Hg2+ ions in an aqueous solution. The AgNPs were synthesized by the reduction of Ag+ ions with NaBH4 followed by capping with adipic acid. Characterization of as-synthesized AgNPs@AA was carried out by different techniques, including UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and zeta potential (ZP). In the UV-Vis absorption spectrum, the characteristic absorption band for AgNPs was observed at 404 nm. The hydrodynamic size of as-synthesized AgNPs was found to be 30 ± 5.0 nm. ZP values (-35.5 ± 2.4 mV) showed that NPs possessed a negative charge due to carboxylate ions and were electrostatically stabilized. The AgNPs show potential antimicrobial activity against clinically isolated pathogens. These AgNPs were found to be selectively interacting with Hg2+ in an aqueous solution at various concentrations. A calibration curve was constructed by plotting concentration as abscissa and absorbance ratio (AControl - AHg/AControl) as ordinate. The linear range and limit of detection (LOD) of Hg2+ were 0.6-1.6 μM and 0.12 μM, respectively. A rapid response time of 4 min was found for the detection of Hg2+ by the nano-probe. The effect of pH and temperature on the detection of Hg2+ was also investigated. The nano-probe was successfully applied for the detection of Hg2+ from tap and river water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China;
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; (F.A.); (S.U.)
| | - Fareeha Amjad
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; (F.A.); (S.U.)
| | - Azhar Abbas
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; (F.A.); (S.U.)
- Department of Chemistry, Government Ambala Muslim Graduate College, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fayyaz ur Rehman
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; (F.A.); (S.U.)
| | - Fariha Kanwal
- Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201620, China;
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore 54792, Pakistan;
| | - Sami Ullah
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; (F.A.); (S.U.)
| | - Changrui Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China;
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14
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Silver nanoparticles modified electrodes for electroanalysis: An updated review and a perspective. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.107166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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15
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Ghosh U, Sayef Ahammed K, Mishra S, Bhaumik A. The Emerging Roles of Silver Nanoparticles to Target Viral Life Cycle and Detect Viral Pathogens. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202101149. [PMID: 35020270 PMCID: PMC9011828 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Along the line of recent vaccine advancements, new antiviral therapeutics are compelling to combat viral infection-related public health crises. Several properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) such as low level of cytotoxicity, ease of tunability of the AgNPs in the ultra-small nanoscale size and shape through different convenient bottom-up chemistry approaches, high penetration of the composite with drug formulations into host cells has made AgNPs, a promising candidate for developing antivirals. In this review, we have highlighted the recent advancements in the AgNPs based nano-formulations to target cellular mechanisms of viral propagation, immune modulation of the host, and the ability to synergistically enhance the activity of existing antiviral drugs. On the other hand, we have discussed the recent advancements on AgNPs based detection of viral pathogens from clinical samples using inherent physicochemical properties. This article will provide an overview of our current knowledge on AgNPs based formulations that has promising potential for developing a counteractive strategy against emerging and existing viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujjyani Ghosh
- Cancer & Inflammatory Disorder DivisionCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyJadavpur, Kolkata700032India
- Present address: The University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT84112USA
| | - Khondakar Sayef Ahammed
- Cancer & Inflammatory Disorder DivisionCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyJadavpur, Kolkata700032India
- Present address: The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Snehasis Mishra
- Cancer & Inflammatory Disorder DivisionCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyJadavpur, Kolkata700032India
| | - Asim Bhaumik
- School of Materials SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation of ScienceJadavpur, Kolkata700 032India
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Ojha RP, Singh P, Azad UP, Prakash R. Impedimetric Immunosensor for the NS1 Dengue Biomarker Based on the Gold Nanorod Decorated Graphitic Carbon Nitride Modified Electrode. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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17
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Er S, Laraib U, Arshad R, Sargazi S, Rahdar A, Pandey S, Thakur VK, Díez-Pascual AM. Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins: Implications for Nanotechnological Applications in Biosensing and Drug/Gene Delivery. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3002. [PMID: 34835766 PMCID: PMC8622868 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over various scientific fields in biochemistry, amino acids have been highlighted in research works. Protein, peptide- and amino acid-based drug delivery systems have proficiently transformed nanotechnology via immense flexibility in their features for attaching various drug molecules and biodegradable polymers. In this regard, novel nanostructures including carbon nanotubes, electrospun carbon nanofibers, gold nanoislands, and metal-based nanoparticles have been introduced as nanosensors for accurate detection of these organic compounds. These nanostructures can bind the biological receptor to the sensor surface and increase the surface area of the working electrode, significantly enhancing the biosensor performance. Interestingly, protein-based nanocarriers have also emerged as useful drug and gene delivery platforms. This is important since, despite recent advancements, there are still biological barriers and other obstacles limiting gene and drug delivery efficacy. Currently available strategies for gene therapy are not cost-effective, and they do not deliver the genetic cargo effectively to target sites. With rapid advancements in nanotechnology, novel gene delivery systems are introduced as nonviral vectors such as protein, peptide, and amino acid-based nanostructures. These nano-based delivery platforms can be tailored into functional transformation using proteins and peptides ligands based nanocarriers, usually overexpressed in the specified diseases. The purpose of this review is to shed light on traditional and nanotechnology-based methods to detect amino acids, peptides, and proteins. Furthermore, new insights into the potential of amino protein-based nanoassemblies for targeted drug delivery or gene transfer are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simge Er
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova-Izmir 35100, Turkey;
| | - Ushna Laraib
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan;
| | - Rabia Arshad
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743463, Iran;
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol 538-98615, Iran
| | - Sadanand Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea;
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Centre, Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK;
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ana M. Díez-Pascual
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Cordeiro TAR, de Resende MAC, Moraes SCDS, Franco DL, Pereira AC, Ferreira LF. Electrochemical biosensors for neglected tropical diseases: A review. Talanta 2021; 234:122617. [PMID: 34364426 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A group of infectious and parasitic diseases with prevalence in tropical and subtropical regions of the planet, especially in places with difficult access, internal conflicts, poverty, and low visibility from the government and health agencies are classified as neglected tropical diseases. While some well-intentioned isolated groups are making the difference on a global scale, the number of new cases and deaths is still alarming. The development and employment of low-cost, miniaturized, and easy-to-use devices as biosensors could be the key to fast diagnosis in such areas leading to a better treatment to further eradication of such diseases. Therefore, this review contains useful information regarding the development of such devices in the past ten years (2010-2020). Guided by the updated list from the World Health Organization, the work evaluated the new trends in the biosensor field applied to the early detection of neglected tropical diseases, the efficiencies of the devices compared to the traditional techniques, and the applicability on-site for local distribution. So, we focus on Malaria, Chagas, Leishmaniasis, Dengue, Zika, Chikungunya, Schistosomiasis, Leprosy, Human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), Lymphatic filariasis, and Rabies. Few papers were found concerning such diseases and there is no available commercial device in the market. The works contain information regarding the development of point-of-care devices, but there are only at proof of concepts stage so far. Details of electrode modification and construction of electrochemical biosensors were summarized in Tables. The demand for the eradication of neglected tropical diseases is increasing. The use of biosensors is pivotal for the cause, but appliable devices are scarce. The information present in this review can be useful for further development of biosensors in the hope of helping the world combat these deadly diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taís Aparecida Reis Cordeiro
- Institute of Science and Technology, Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Applied Nanotechnology, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
| | | | - Simone Cristina Dos Santos Moraes
- Group of Electrochemistry Applied to Polymers and Sensors - Multidisciplinary Group of Research, Science and Technology - Laboratory of Electroanalytic Applied to Biotechnology and Food Engineering - Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Patos de Minas, Brazil
| | - Diego Leoni Franco
- Group of Electrochemistry Applied to Polymers and Sensors - Multidisciplinary Group of Research, Science and Technology - Laboratory of Electroanalytic Applied to Biotechnology and Food Engineering - Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Patos de Minas, Brazil.
| | - Arnaldo César Pereira
- Department of Natural Sciences, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, São João Del-Rei, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Franco Ferreira
- Institute of Science and Technology, Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Applied Nanotechnology, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil.
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Chanarsa S, Jakmunee J, Ounnunkad K. A Bifunctional Nanosilver-Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite for Label-Free Electrochemical Immunosensing. Front Chem 2021; 9:631571. [PMID: 33996742 PMCID: PMC8113703 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.631571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A bi-functional material based on silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite for both electrode modification and signal generation is successfully synthesized for use in the construction of a label-free electrochemical immunosensor. An AgNPs/rGO nanocomposite is prepared by a one-pot wet chemical process. The AgNPs/rGO composite dispersion is simply cast on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) to fabricate the electrochemical immunosensor. It possesses a sufficient conductivity/electroreactivity and improves the electrode reactivity of SPCE. Moreover, the material can generate an analytical response due to the formation of immunocomplexes for detection of human immunoglobulin G (IgG), a model biomarker. Based on electrochemical stripping of AgNPs, the material reveals signal amplification without external redox molecules/probes. Under optimized conditions, the square wave voltammetric peak current is responded to the logarithm of IgG concentration in two wide linear ranges from 1 to 50 pg.ml-1 and 0.05 to 50 ng.ml-1, and the limit of detection (LOD) is estimated to be 0.86 pg.ml-1. The proposed immunosensor displays satisfactory sensitivity and selectivity. Importantly, detection of IgG in human serum using the immunosensor shows satisfactory accuracy, suggesting that the immunosensor possesses a huge potential for further development in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supakeit Chanarsa
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- The Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Jaroon Jakmunee
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products From Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kontad Ounnunkad
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products From Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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