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Rashed N, Liu W, Zhou X, Bode AM, Luo X. The role of circadian gene CLOCK in cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119782. [PMID: 38871225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput (CLOCK) is one of the circadian clock genes and is considered to be a fundamental regulatory gene in the circadian rhythm, responsible for mediating several biological processes. Therefore, abnormal expression of CLOCK affects its role in the circadian clock and its more general function as a direct regulator of gene expression. This dysfunction can lead to severe pathological effects, including cancer. To better understand the role of CLOCK in cancer, we compiled this review to describe the biological function of CLOCK, and especially highlighted its function in cancer development, progression, tumor microenvironment, cancer cell metabolism, and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasot Rashed
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China; Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Xinran Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Xiangjian Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biological Nanotechnology of National Health Commission, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
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Wang Z, He S, Xin L, Zhou Y, Zhao L, Wang F. HMGB1-mediated transcriptional activation of circadian gene TIMELESS contributes to endometrial cancer progression through Wnt-β-catenin pathway. Cell Signal 2024; 116:111045. [PMID: 38211843 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
TIMELESS (TIM) is a circadian gene which is implicated in the regulation of daily rhythm, DNA replication and repair, and cancer initiation and progression. Nevertheless, the role of TIM in endometrial cancer (EC) development is largely unknown. Bioinformatics analysis showed that TIM was aberrantly up-regulated in EC tissues and positively correlated with clinical or histological grade of EC. Functional studies showed that TIM knockdown reduced EC cell viability and restrained EC cell migration in vitro, as well as blocked xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, HMGB1 transcriptionally up-regulated TIM expression in EC cells. In addition, TIM could activate the transcription of the canonical Wnt ligand WNT8B, and TIM depletion could reduce the malignant potential of EC cells largely by targeting and down-regulating WNT8B. As a conclusion, HMGB1/TIM/WNT8B signal cascade was identified in this study for the first time. HMGB1 exerted its oncogenic role by activating the transcription of TIM, leading to the activation of Wnt signaling and EC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Gynecology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, PR China.
| | - Simin He
- Department of Health Statistics and Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University School of Public Health, PR China
| | - Liqing Xin
- Department of Gynecology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, PR China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, PR China
| | - Le Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, PR China
| | - Fuyuan Wang
- Department of Gynecology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, PR China
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3
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Kim SY, Ryu S, Jhon M, Kang HJ, Lee JY, Kim JM, Shin IS, Shim HJ, Hwang JE, Bae WK, Choi HW, Shin MG, Kim SW. The moderating role of circadian gene polymorphisms in the relationship between sleep disturbance and circulating lymphocyte subsets in colorectal cancer patients. J Psychosom Res 2024; 177:111562. [PMID: 38113795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM We investigated the impact of sleep disturbance on immune status in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with consideration of the moderating role of circadian clock gene polymorphisms. METHODS A prospective longitudinal study design was used to collect information regarding sleep disturbance. Blood samples for immunologic assays were obtained the day before the first (baseline) and last cycles of 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) chemotherapy. Clinical sleep disturbance was compared between the two-time points using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) global score. We analysed single-nucleotide polymorphisms in rs2278749, rs3749474, rs2291738, rs17031614, and rs2287161. The dependent variables included changes in the percentages of CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, and CD16/56+ lymphocytes between the two-time points. The results were analysed using moderated regression analysis; the p-values were adjusted using the false discovery rate. RESULTS Among the 104 patients, no significant dyadic associations were observed between changes in lymphocyte percentages and the PSQI global score. However, the moderated regression analysis revealed five significant associations (rs2287161 with CD8+, rs2278749 and rs2291738 with CD19+, and rs17031614 with CD4+ and CD16/56+ lymphocytes). The inclusion of each interaction resulted in a significant increase (5.7-10.7%) in the variance explained by changes in lymphocyte percentage. CONCLUSION Patients with specific circadian gene allele types may be more susceptible to immune dysregulation when experiencing sleep disturbances. Considering that sleep disturbance is a modifiable factor that can impact immune regulation, it is essential to prioritise the management of sleep disturbances in CRC patients receiving FOLFOX chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Young Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Mental Health Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyong Ryu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jhon
- Mental Health Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Ju Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Yeon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Min Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Seon Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jeong Shim
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Eul Hwang
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Kyun Bae
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Geun Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Wan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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Vipat S, Moiseeva TN. The TIMELESS Roles in Genome Stability and Beyond. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168206. [PMID: 37481157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
TIMELESS protein (TIM) protects replication forks from stalling at difficult-to-replicate regions and plays an important role in DNA damage response, including checkpoint signaling, protection of stalled replication forks and DNA repair. Loss of TIM causes severe replication stress, while its overexpression is common in various types of cancer, providing protection from DNA damage and resistance to chemotherapy. Although TIM has mostly been studied for its part in replication stress response, its additional roles in supporting genome stability and a wide variety of other cellular pathways are gradually coming to light. This review discusses the diverse functions of TIM and its orthologs in healthy and cancer cells, open questions, and potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameera Vipat
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Tatiana N Moiseeva
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn 12618, Estonia.
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Yang Y, Tang X, Lin Z, Zheng T, Zhang S, Liu T, Yang X. An integrative evaluation of circadian gene TIMELESS as a pan-cancer immunological and predictive biomarker. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:563. [PMID: 38053143 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01519-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gene TIMELESS, which is involved in the circadian clock and the cell cycle, has recently been linked to various human cancers. Nevertheless, the association between TIMELESS expression and the prognosis of individuals afflicted with pan-cancer remains largely unknown. OBJECTIVES The present study aims to exhaustively scrutinize the expression patterns, functional attributes, prognostic implications, and immunological contributions of TIMELESS across diverse types of human cancer. METHODS The expression of TIMELESS in normal and malignant tissues was examined, as well as their clinicopathologic and survival data. The characteristics of genetic alteration and molecular subtypes of cancers were also investigated. In addition, the relationship of TIMELESS with immune infiltration, tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and drug sensitivity was illustrated. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to validate the expression of TIMELESS in clinical patients with several types of cancer. RESULTS In contrast to the matching normal controls, most tumor types were found to often overexpress TIMELESS. Abnormal expression of TIMELESS was significantly related to more advanced tumor stage and poorer prognosis of breast cancer, as well as infiltrating immune cells such as cancer-associated fibroblast infiltration in various tumors. Multiple cancer types exhibited abnormal expression of TIMELESS, which was also highly correlated with MSI and TMB. More crucially, TIMELESS showed promise in predicting the effectiveness of immunotherapy and medication sensitivity in cancer therapy. Moreover, cell cycle, DNA replication, circadian rhythm, and mismatch repair were involved in the functional mechanisms of TIMELESS on carcinogenesis. Furthermore, immunohistochemical results manifested that the TIMELESS expression was abnormal in some cancers. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new insights into the link between the circadian gene TIMELESS and the development of various malignant tumors. The findings suggest that TIMELESS could be a prospective prognostic and immunological biomarker for pan-cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaocheng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 136 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianzhe Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chenzhou First People's Hospital, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Zhengjun Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 136 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 136 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 136 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolun Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 136 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.
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Tang C, Li Q, Wang X, Yu Z, Ping X, Qin Y, Liu Y, Zheng L. Cardiac Timeless Trans-Organically Regulated by miR-276 in Adipose Tissue Modulates Cardiac Function. FUNCTION 2023; 5:zqad064. [PMID: 38058384 PMCID: PMC10696634 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqad064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The interconnection between cardiac function and circadian rhythms is of great importance. While the role of the biological clock gene Timeless (Tim) in circadian rhythm has been extensively studied, its impact on cardiac function remains largely been unexplored. Previous research has provided experimental evidence for the regulation of the heart by adipose tissue and the targeting of miR-276a/b on Timeless. However, the extent to which adipose tissue regulates cardiac Timeless genes trans-organically through miR-276a/b, and subsequently affects cardiac function, remains uncertain. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the potential trans-organ modulation of the Timeless gene in the heart by adipose tissue through miR-276a/b. We found that cardiac-specific Timeless knockdown and overexpression resulted in a significant increase in heart rate (HR) and a significant decrease in Heart period (HP), diastolic intervals (DI), systolic intervals (SI), diastolic diameter (DD), and systolic diameter (SD). miR-276b systemic knockdown resulted in a significant increase in DI, arrhythmia index (AI), and fractional shortening (FS) significantly increased and SI, DD and SD significantly decreased. Adipose tissue-specific miR-276a/b knockdown and miR-276a overexpression resulted in a significant increase in HR and a significant decrease in DI and SI, which were improved by exercise intervention. This study presents a novel finding that highlights the significance of the heart circadian clock gene Timeless in heart function. Additionally, it demonstrates that adipose tissue exerts trans-organ modulation on the expression of the heart Timeless gene via miR-276a/b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, 410012 Changsha, China
| | - Qiufang Li
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, 410012 Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, 410012 Changsha, China
| | - Zhengwen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, 410012 Changsha, China
| | - Xu Ping
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, 410012 Changsha, China
| | - yi Qin
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, 410012 Changsha, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, 410012 Changsha, China
| | - Lan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, 410012 Changsha, China
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Barrio-Alonso E, Lituma PJ, Notaras MJ, Albero R, Bouchekioua Y, Wayland N, Stankovic IN, Jain T, Gao S, Calderon DP, Castillo PE, Colak D. Circadian protein TIMELESS regulates synaptic function and memory by modulating cAMP signaling. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112375. [PMID: 37043347 PMCID: PMC10564971 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of neurons by circadian clock genes is thought to contribute to the maintenance of neuronal functions that ultimately underlie animal behavior. However, the impact of specific circadian genes on cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling synaptic plasticity and cognitive function remains elusive. Here, we show that the expression of the circadian protein TIMELESS displays circadian rhythmicity in the mammalian hippocampus. We identify TIMELESS as a chromatin-bound protein that targets synaptic-plasticity-related genes such as phosphodiesterase 4B (Pde4b). By promoting Pde4b transcription, TIMELESS negatively regulates cAMP signaling to modulate AMPA receptor GluA1 function and influence synaptic plasticity. Conditional deletion of Timeless in the adult forebrain impairs working and contextual fear memory in mice. These cognitive phenotypes were accompanied by attenuation of hippocampal Schaffer-collateral synapse long-term potentiation. Together, these data establish a neuron-specific function of mammalian TIMELESS by defining a mechanism that regulates synaptic plasticity and cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estibaliz Barrio-Alonso
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pablo J Lituma
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael J Notaras
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Albero
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Youcef Bouchekioua
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Natalie Wayland
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Isidora N Stankovic
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tanya Jain
- Program of Neurosciences, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sijia Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Pablo E Castillo
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Dilek Colak
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA; Gale & Ira Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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Savino M, Guida CC, Nardella M, Murgo E, Augello B, Merla G, De Cosmo S, Savino AF, Tarquini R, Cei F, Aucella F, Mazzoccoli G. Circadian Genes Expression Patterns in Disorders Due to Enzyme Deficiencies in the Heme Biosynthetic Pathway. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123198. [PMID: 36551954 PMCID: PMC9775071 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme is a member of the porphyrins family of cyclic tetrapyrroles and influences various cell processes and signalling pathways. Enzyme deficiencies in the heme biosynthetic pathway provoke rare human inherited metabolic diseases called porphyrias. Protein levels and activity of enzymes involved in the heme biosynthetic pathway and especially 5'-Aminolevulinate Synthase 1 are featured by 24-h rhythmic oscillations driven by the biological clock. Heme biosynthesis and circadian pathways intermingle with mutual modulatory roles. Notably, heme is a ligand of important cogs of the molecular clockwork, which upon heme binding recruit co-repressors and inhibit the transcription of numerous genes enriching metabolic pathways and encoding functional proteins bringing on crucial cell processes. Herein, we assessed mRNA levels of circadian genes in patients suffering from porphyrias and found several modifications of core clock genes and clock-controlled genes expression, associated with metabolic and electrolytic changes. Overall, our results show an altered expression of circadian genes accompanying heme biosynthesis disorders and confirm the need to deepen the knowledge of the mechanisms through which the alteration of the circadian clock circuitry could take part in determining signs and symptoms of porphyria patients and then again could represent a target for innovative therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Savino
- Interregional Reference Center for Porphyria, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Claudio Carmine Guida
- Interregional Reference Center for Porphyria, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Nephrology, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Maria Nardella
- Interregional Reference Center for Porphyria, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Nephrology, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Emanuele Murgo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Augello
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Merla
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University, 80121 Naples, Italy
- Laboratory of Regulatory and Functional Genomics, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Salvatore De Cosmo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Antonio Fernando Savino
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Roberto Tarquini
- Division of Internal Medicine I, Regional Reference Center for Porphyria, San Giuseppe Hospital, 50053 Empoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Cei
- Division of Internal Medicine I, Regional Reference Center for Porphyria, San Giuseppe Hospital, 50053 Empoli, Italy
| | - Filippo Aucella
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Nephrology, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +39-08-8241-0255
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Hosseini K, Beirami SM, Forouhandeh H, Vahed SZ, Eyvazi S, Ramazani F, Tarhriz V, Ardalan M. The role of circadian gene timeless in gastrointestinal cancers. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Abu-Elmagd M, Assidi M, Alrefaei AF, Rebai A. Editorial: Advances in genomic and genetic tools, and their applications for understanding embryonic development and human diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1016400. [PMID: 36478744 PMCID: PMC9720382 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1016400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant advances have been recently made in the development of the genetic and genomic platforms. This has greatly contributed to a better understanding of gene expression and regulation machinery. Consequently, this led to considerable progress in unraveling evidence of the genotype-phenotype correlation between normal/abnormal embryonic development and human disease complexity. For example, advanced genomic tools such as next-generation sequencing, and microarray-based CGH have substantially helped in the identification of gene and copy number variants associated with diseases as well as in the discovery of causal gene mutations. In addition, bioinformatic analysis tools of genome annotation and comparison have greatly aided in data analysis for the interpretation of the genetic variants at the individual level. This has unlocked potential possibilities for real advances toward new therapies in personalized medicine for the targeted treatment of human diseases. However, each of these genomic and bioinformatics tools has its limitations and hence further efforts are required to implement novel approaches to overcome these limitations. It could be possible that the use of more than one platform for genotype-phenotype deep analysis is an effective approach to disentangling the cause and treatment of the disease complexities. Our research topic aimed at deciphering these complexities by shedding some light on the recent applications of the basic and advanced genetic/genomic and bioinformatics approaches. These include studying gene-gene, protein-protein, and gene-environment interactions. We, in addition, aimed at a better understanding of the link between normal/abnormal embryonic development and the cause of human disease induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abu-Elmagd
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mourad Assidi
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed F. Alrefaei
- Department of Biology, Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Rebai
- Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Zhao S, Wen S, Liu H, Zhou Z, Liu Y, Zhong J, Xie J. High Expression of TIMELESS Predicts Poor Prognosis: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Skin Cutaneous Melanoma. Front Surg 2022; 9:917776. [PMID: 36034394 PMCID: PMC9406824 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.917776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is the most lethal skin cancer with an increasing incidence worldwide. The poor prognosis of SKCM urgently requires us to discover prognostic biomarkers for accurate therapy. As a regulator of DNA replication, TIMELESS (TIM) has been found to be highly expressed in various malignancies but rarely reported in SKCM. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between TIM and SKCM tumorigenesis and prognosis. Methods We obtained RNA sequencing data from TCGA and GTEx to analyze TIM expression and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, GO/KEGG, GSEA, immune cell infiltration analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were used to perform the functional enrichment analysis of TIM-related DEGs. Moreover, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, Cox regression analysis, Kaplan–Meier (K-M) analysis, and nomograms were applied to figure out the clinical significance of TIM in SKCM. In addition, we investigated the relationship between TIM promoter methylation and SKCM prognosis through the UALCAN database. Finally, the immunohistochemical (IHC) results of normal skin and SKCM were analyzed to determine expression differences. Results TIM was significantly elevated in various malignancies, including SKCM, and high expression of TIM was associated with poor prognosis. Moreover, a total of 402 DEGs were identified between the two distinct TIM expression groups, and functional annotation showed enrichment with positive regulation of cell cycle and classic oncogenic pathways in the high TIM expression phenotype, while keratinization pathways were negatively regulated and enriched. Further analysis showed that TIM was correlated with infiltration of multiple immune cells. Finally, IHC validated the differential expression of TIM in SKCM. Conclusion TIM might play a pivotal role in tumorigenesis of SKCM and is closely related to its prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixin Zhao
- Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shifeng Wen
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hengdeng Liu
- Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziheng Zhou
- Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiling Liu
- Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinbao Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Julin Xie
- Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Liu H, Liu Y, Hai R, Liao W, Luo X. The role of circadian clocks in cancer: Mechanisms and clinical implications. Genes Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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13
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Colangelo T, Carbone A, Mazzarelli F, Cuttano R, Dama E, Nittoli T, Albanesi J, Barisciano G, Forte N, Palumbo O, Graziano P, di Masi A, Colantuoni V, Sabatino L, Bianchi F, Mazzoccoli G. Loss of circadian gene Timeless induces EMT and tumor progression in colorectal cancer via Zeb1-dependent mechanism. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:1552-1568. [PMID: 35034102 PMCID: PMC9345857 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-00935-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian gene Timeless (TIM) provides a molecular bridge between circadian and cell cycle/DNA replication regulatory systems and has been recently involved in human cancer development and progression. However, its functional role in colorectal cancer (CRC), the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, has not been fully clarified yet. Here, the analysis of two independent CRC patient cohorts (total 1159 samples) reveals that loss of TIM expression is an unfavorable prognostic factor significantly correlated with advanced tumor stage, metastatic spreading, and microsatellite stability status. Genome-wide expression profiling, in vitro and in vivo experiments, revealed that TIM knockdown induces the activation of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program. Accordingly, the analysis of a large set of human samples showed that TIM expression inversely correlated with a previously established gene signature of canonical EMT markers (EMT score), and its ectopic silencing promotes migration, invasion, and acquisition of stem-like phenotype in CRC cells. Mechanistically, we found that loss of TIM expression unleashes ZEB1 expression that in turn drives the EMT program and enhances the aggressive behavior of CRC cells. Besides, the deranged TIM-ZEB1 axis sets off the accumulation of DNA damage and delays DNA damage recovery. Furthermore, we show that the aggressive and genetically unstable 'CMS4 colorectal cancer molecular subtype' is characterized by a lower expression of TIM and that patients with the combination of low-TIM/high-ZEB1 expression have a poorer outcome. In conclusion, our results as a whole suggest the engagement of an unedited TIM-ZEB1 axis in key pathological processes driving malignant phenotype acquisition in colorectal carcinogenesis. Thus, TIM-ZEB1 expression profiling could provide a robust prognostic biomarker in CRC patients, supporting targeted therapeutic strategies with better treatment selection and patients' outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Colangelo
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Viale Padre Pio 7, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, (FG), Italy
| | - Annalucia Carbone
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Viale Cappuccini snc, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, (FG), Italy
| | - Francesco Mazzarelli
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Viale Padre Pio 7, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, (FG), Italy
| | - Roberto Cuttano
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Viale Padre Pio 7, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, (FG), Italy
| | - Elisa Dama
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Viale Padre Pio 7, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, (FG), Italy
| | - Teresa Nittoli
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Viale Padre Pio 7, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, (FG), Italy
| | - Jacopo Albanesi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale G. Marconi, 446, 00154, Rome, (RM), Italy
| | - Giovannina Barisciano
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Via Traiano, 3, 82100, Benevento, (BN), Italy
| | - Nicola Forte
- UOC- Patologia Clinica-Settore Anatomia Patologica, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli, Viale Principe di Napoli, 14/A, 82100, Benevento, (BN), Italy
| | - Orazio Palumbo
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Division of Medical Genetics, Viale Padre Pio, 7d, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, (FG), Italy
| | - Paolo Graziano
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini snc, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, (FG), Italy
| | - Alessandra di Masi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale G. Marconi, 446, 00154, Rome, (RM), Italy
| | - Vittorio Colantuoni
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Via Traiano, 3, 82100, Benevento, (BN), Italy
| | - Lina Sabatino
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Via Traiano, 3, 82100, Benevento, (BN), Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bianchi
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Viale Padre Pio 7, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, (FG), Italy.
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Viale Cappuccini snc, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, (FG), Italy.
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Leysen H, Walter D, Christiaenssen B, Vandoren R, Harputluoğlu İ, Van Loon N, Maudsley S. GPCRs Are Optimal Regulators of Complex Biological Systems and Orchestrate the Interface between Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413387. [PMID: 34948182 PMCID: PMC8708147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
GPCRs arguably represent the most effective current therapeutic targets for a plethora of diseases. GPCRs also possess a pivotal role in the regulation of the physiological balance between healthy and pathological conditions; thus, their importance in systems biology cannot be underestimated. The molecular diversity of GPCR signaling systems is likely to be closely associated with disease-associated changes in organismal tissue complexity and compartmentalization, thus enabling a nuanced GPCR-based capacity to interdict multiple disease pathomechanisms at a systemic level. GPCRs have been long considered as controllers of communication between tissues and cells. This communication involves the ligand-mediated control of cell surface receptors that then direct their stimuli to impact cell physiology. Given the tremendous success of GPCRs as therapeutic targets, considerable focus has been placed on the ability of these therapeutics to modulate diseases by acting at cell surface receptors. In the past decade, however, attention has focused upon how stable multiprotein GPCR superstructures, termed receptorsomes, both at the cell surface membrane and in the intracellular domain dictate and condition long-term GPCR activities associated with the regulation of protein expression patterns, cellular stress responses and DNA integrity management. The ability of these receptorsomes (often in the absence of typical cell surface ligands) to control complex cellular activities implicates them as key controllers of the functional balance between health and disease. A greater understanding of this function of GPCRs is likely to significantly augment our ability to further employ these proteins in a multitude of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Leysen
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.L.); (D.W.); (B.C.); (R.V.); (İ.H.); (N.V.L.)
| | - Deborah Walter
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.L.); (D.W.); (B.C.); (R.V.); (İ.H.); (N.V.L.)
| | - Bregje Christiaenssen
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.L.); (D.W.); (B.C.); (R.V.); (İ.H.); (N.V.L.)
| | - Romi Vandoren
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.L.); (D.W.); (B.C.); (R.V.); (İ.H.); (N.V.L.)
| | - İrem Harputluoğlu
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.L.); (D.W.); (B.C.); (R.V.); (İ.H.); (N.V.L.)
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Çankaya, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Nore Van Loon
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.L.); (D.W.); (B.C.); (R.V.); (İ.H.); (N.V.L.)
| | - Stuart Maudsley
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.L.); (D.W.); (B.C.); (R.V.); (İ.H.); (N.V.L.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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Cai YD, Chiu JC. Timeless in animal circadian clocks and beyond. FEBS J 2021; 289:6559-6575. [PMID: 34699674 PMCID: PMC9038958 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
TIMELESS (TIM) was first identified as a molecular cog in the Drosophila circadian clock. Almost three decades of investigations have resulted in an insightful model describing the critical role of Drosophila TIM (dTIM) in circadian timekeeping in insects, including its function in mediating light entrainment and temperature compensation of the molecular clock. Furthermore, exciting discoveries on its sequence polymorphism and thermosensitive alternative RNA splicing have also established its role in regulating seasonal biology. Although mammalian TIM (mTIM), its mammalian paralog, was first identified as a potential circadian clock component in 1990s due to sequence similarity to dTIM, its role in clock regulation has been more controversial. Mammalian TIM has now been characterized as a DNA replication fork component and has been shown to promote fork progression and participate in cell cycle checkpoint signaling in response to DNA damage. Despite defective circadian rhythms displayed by mtim mutants, it remains controversial whether the regulation of circadian clocks by mTIM is direct, especially given the interconnection between the cell cycle and circadian clocks. In this review, we provide a historical perspective on the identification of animal tim genes, summarize the roles of TIM proteins in biological timing and genomic stability, and draw parallels between dTIM and mTIM despite apparent functional divergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao D Cai
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California Davis, CA, USA
| | - Joanna C Chiu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California Davis, CA, USA
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16
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Carbone A, De Santis E, Cela O, Giambra V, Miele L, Marrone G, Grieco A, Buschbeck M, Capitanio N, Mazza T, Mazzoccoli G. The Histone Variant MacroH2A1 Impacts Circadian Gene Expression and Cell Phenotype in an In Vitro Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9081057. [PMID: 34440260 PMCID: PMC8391426 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. A foremost risk factor for HCC is obesity/metabolic syndrome-related non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is prompted by remarkable changes in transcription patterns of genes enriching metabolic, immune/inflammatory, and circadian pathways. Epigenetic mechanisms play a role in NAFLD-associated HCC, and macroH2A1, a variant of histone H2A, is involved in the pathogenesis modulating the expression of oncogenes and/or tumor suppressor genes and interacting with SIRT1, which crucially impacts the circadian clock circuitry. Hence, we aimed to appraise if and how macroH2A1 regulated the expression patterns of circadian genes in the setting of NAFLD-associated HCC. We took advantage of an in vitro model of liver cancer represented by HepG2 (human hepatocarcinoma) cells stably knocked down for macroH2A1 and conducted whole transcriptome profiling and deep phenotyping analysis. We found up-regulation of PER1 along with several deregulated circadian genes, enriching several important pathways and functions related to cancer onset and progression, such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cell cycle deregulation, and DNA damage. PER1 silencing partially mitigated the malignant phenotype induced by the loss of macroH2A1 in HCC cells. In conclusion, our findings suggest a modulatory role for the core circadian protein PER1 in liver carcinogenesis in the context of a lack of the macroH2A1 epigenetic and transcriptional landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalucia Carbone
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta De Santis
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies (ISBReMIT), Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (E.D.S.); (V.G.)
| | - Olga Cela
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy; (O.C.); (N.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Giambra
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies (ISBReMIT), Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (E.D.S.); (V.G.)
| | - Luca Miele
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (L.M.); (G.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Marrone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (L.M.); (G.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Antonio Grieco
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (L.M.); (G.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Marcus Buschbeck
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, IJC Building, Can Ruti Campus Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain;
| | - Nazzareno Capitanio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy; (O.C.); (N.C.)
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- Bioinformatics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy;
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +39-(0882)-410-255
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17
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Nogami M, Ishikawa M, Doi A, Sano O, Sone T, Akiyama T, Aoki M, Nakanishi A, Ogi K, Yano M, Okano H. Identification of hub molecules of FUS-ALS by Bayesian gene regulatory network analysis of iPSC model: iBRN. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 155:105364. [PMID: 33857636 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fused in sarcoma/translated in liposarcoma (FUS) is a causative gene of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Mutated FUS causes accumulation of DNA damage and cytosolic stress granule (SG) formation, thereby motor neuron (MN) death. However, key molecular aetiology remains unclear. Here, we applied a novel platform technology, iBRN, "Non- biased" Bayesian gene regulatory network analysis based on induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cell model, to elucidate the molecular aetiology using transcriptome of iPSC-derived MNs harboring FUSH517D. iBRN revealed "hub molecules", which strongly influenced transcriptome network, such as miR-125b-5p-TIMELESS axis and PRKDC for the molecular aetiology. Next, we confirmed miR-125b-5p-TIMELESS axis in FUSH517D MNs such that miR-125b-5p regulated several DNA repair-related genes including TIMELESS. In addition, we validated both introduction of miR-125b-5p and knocking down of TIMELESS caused DNA damage in the cell culture model. Furthermore, PRKDC was strongly associated with FUS mis-localization into SGs by DNA damage under impaired DNA-PK activity. Collectively, our iBRN strategy provides the first compelling evidence to elucidate molecular aetiology in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Nogami
- Innovative Biology Laboratories, Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa 251-8555, Japan; Shonan Incubation Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa 251-8555, Japan.
| | - Mitsuru Ishikawa
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | | | - Osamu Sano
- Innovative Biology Laboratories, Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Takefumi Sone
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Akiyama
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Masashi Aoki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakanishi
- Shonan Incubation Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa 251-8555, Japan; T-CiRA Discovery, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ogi
- Innovative Biology Laboratories, Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa 251-8555, Japan; Shonan Incubation Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Masato Yano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Division of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
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Astone M, Santoro MM. Time to fight: targeting the circadian clock molecular machinery in cancer therapy. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1164-1184. [PMID: 33549826 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock regulates a wide range of molecular pathways and biological processes. The expression of clock genes is often altered in cancer, fostering tumor initiation and progression. Inhibition and activation of core circadian clock genes, as well as treatments that restore circadian rhythmicity, have been successful in counteracting tumor growth in different experimental models. Here, we provide an up-to-date overview of studies that show the therapeutic effects of targeting the clock molecular machinery in cancer, both genetically and pharmacologically. We also highlight future areas for progress that offer a promising path towards innovative anticancer strategies. Substantial limitations in the current understanding of the complex interplay between the circadian clock and cancer in vivo need to be addressed in order to allow clock-targeting therapies in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Astone
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, I-35131, Italy
| | - Massimo M Santoro
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, I-35131, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy.
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Li B, Mu L, Li Y, Xia K, Yang Y, Aman S, Ahmad B, Li S, Wu H. TIMELESS inhibits breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis by down-regulating the expression of MMP9. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:38. [PMID: 33430865 PMCID: PMC7798230 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01752-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the first killer leading to female death, and tumor metastasis is one of the important factors leading to the death of patients, but the specific mechanism of breast cancer metastasis is not very clear at present. Our study showed that overexpression of TIMELESS could significantly inhibit the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells ZR-75-30 and the assembly of F-actin protein. On the contrary, knockdown of TIMELESS promoted the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Further study revealed that TIMELESS overexpression decreased the mRNA and protein levels of MMP9. Furthermore, TIMELESS could interact with p65, leading to repress the association of p65 and its acetyltransferase CBP and down-regulating the acetylation level of p65, which inhibited the activation of NF-κB signal pathway. In conclusion, our research showed that TIMELESS may repress the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells via inhibiting the acetylation of p65, inhibiting the activation of NF-κB, thus down-regulating the expression of MMP9, and then inhibiting the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Li
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Ling Gong Road, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Liying Mu
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Ling Gong Road, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanan Li
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Ling Gong Road, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Kangkai Xia
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Ling Gong Road, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuxi Yang
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Ling Gong Road, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Sattout Aman
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Ling Gong Road, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Ling Gong Road, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Shujing Li
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Ling Gong Road, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China.
| | - Huijian Wu
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Ling Gong Road, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China.
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Yan T, Qiu Y, Yu X, Yang L. Glymphatic Dysfunction: A Bridge Between Sleep Disturbance and Mood Disorders. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:658340. [PMID: 34025481 PMCID: PMC8138157 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.658340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence demonstrates a close relationship between sleep disturbance and mood disorders, including major depression disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). According to the classical two-process model of sleep regulation, circadian rhythms driven by the light-dark cycle, and sleep homeostasis modulated by the sleep-wake cycle are disrupted in mood disorders. However, the exact mechanism of interaction between sleep and mood disorders remains unclear. Recent discovery of the glymphatic system and its dynamic fluctuation with sleep provide a plausible explanation. The diurnal variation of the glymphatic circulation is dependent on the astrocytic activity and polarization of water channel protein aquaporin-4 (AQP4). Both animal and human studies have reported suppressed glymphatic transport, abnormal astrocytes, and depolarized AQP4 in mood disorders. In this study, the "glymphatic dysfunction" hypothesis which suggests that the dysfunctional glymphatic pathway serves as a bridge between sleep disturbance and mood disorders is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, Changxing People's Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Yuefeng Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinfeng Yu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linglin Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Langwinski W, Sobkowiak P, Narozna B, Wojsyk-Banaszak I, Dmitrzak-Węglarz M, Stachowiak Z, Nowakowska J, Bręborowicz A, Szczepankiewicz A. Association of circadian clock TIMELESS variants and expression with asthma risk in children. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2020; 14:1191-1200. [PMID: 32790948 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation, allergen-induced hypersensitivity and dyspnea. Most asthmatic patients demonstrate oscillations of disease symptoms within 24 hours regulated by circadian clock genes. We hypothesized that these genes may be regulators of childhood asthma risk. OBJECTIVES The aim was to investigate whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the circadian clock genes are associated with childhood asthma risk. We also aimed to analyze the mRNA level of clock genes in the blood of asthmatic children and NHBE cells stimulated with IL-13. MATERIALS AND METHODS Peripheral blood was collected from 165 asthmatic and 138 healthy Polish children. NHBE cells were culture at the air-liquid interface (ALI) with IL-13 as an in vitro model of allergic inflammation. Using TaqMan probes, we genotyped 32 SNPs in: CLOCK, BMAL1, PER3 and TIMELESS. Expression analysis for TIMELESS was performed using real-time PCR with SYBR Green. For haplotype and genotype statistical analysis we used Haploview 4.2 and STATISTICA version 12, respectively. Gene expression analysis was performed in DataAssist v3.01. RESULTS We found that three polymorphisms in TIMELESS (rs2291739, rs10876890, rs11171856) and two haplotypes (TTTT and CTAC) were associated with asthma risk. We also found significantly decreased expression of TIMELESS in the blood of asthmatic children as compared to the healthy children (P = 0.0289) and in NHBE cells stimulated with IL-13 (P = 0.0302). CONCLUSIONS In our study, we showed for the first time that TIMELESS variants and expression may be associated with childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Langwinski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paulina Sobkowiak
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Beata Narozna
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Irena Wojsyk-Banaszak
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Zuzanna Stachowiak
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Nowakowska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Bręborowicz
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szczepankiewicz
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Zou X, Kim DW, Gotoh T, Liu J, Kim JK, Finkielstein CV. A Systems Biology Approach Identifies Hidden Regulatory Connections Between the Circadian and Cell-Cycle Checkpoints. Front Physiol 2020; 11:327. [PMID: 32372973 PMCID: PMC7176909 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms form a self-sustaining, endogenous, time-keeping system that allows organisms to anticipate daily environmental changes. The core of the clock network consists of interlocking transcriptional-translational feedback loops that ensures that metabolic, behavioral, and physiological processes run on a 24 h timescale. The hierarchical nature of the clock manifests itself in multiple points of control on the daily cell division cycle, which relies on synthesis, degradation, and post-translational modification for progression. This relationship is particularly important for understanding the role of clock components in sensing stress conditions and triggering checkpoint signals that stop cell cycle progression. A case in point is the interplay among the circadian factor PERIOD2 (PER2), the tumor suppressor p53, and the oncogenic mouse double minute-2 homolog protein (MDM2), which is the p53's negative regulator. Under unstressed conditions, PER2 and p53 form a stable complex in the cytosol and, along with MDM2, a trimeric complex in the nucleus. Association of PER2 to the C-terminus end of p53 prevents MDM2-mediated ubiquitylation and degradation of p53 as well as p53's transcriptional activation. Remarkably, when not bound to p53, PER2 acts as substrate for the E3-ligase activity of MDM2; thus, PER2 is degraded in a phosphorylation-independent fashion. Unexpectedly, the phase relationship between PER2 and p53 are opposite; however, a systematic modeling approach, inferred from the oscillatory time course data of PER2 and p53, aided in identifying additional regulatory scenarios that explained, a priori, seemingly conflicting experimental data. Therefore, we advocate for a combined experimental/mathematical approach to elucidating multilevel regulatory cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlin Zou
- Integrated Cellular Responses Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Dae Wook Kim
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Tetsuya Gotoh
- Integrated Cellular Responses Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Integrated Cellular Responses Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Jae Kyoung Kim
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Carla V Finkielstein
- Integrated Cellular Responses Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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23
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Zhou J, Zhang Y, Zou X, Kuai L, Wang L, Wang J, Shen F, Hu J, Zhang X, Huang Y, Chen Y. Aberrantly Expressed Timeless Regulates Cell Proliferation and Cisplatin Efficacy in Cervical Cancer. Hum Gene Ther 2020; 31:385-395. [PMID: 31870179 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2019.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Timeless is a regulator of molecular clockwork in Drosophila and related to cancer development in mammals. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Timeless on cell proliferation and cisplatin sensitivity in cervical cancer. Timeless expression was determined by bioinformatics analysis, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and reporter gene assays were applied to determine the transcriptional factor contributing to Timeless upregulation. The effects of Timeless depletion on cell proliferation and cisplatin sensitivity were determined through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Cell apoptosis and senescence were assessed by flow cytometry and β-galactosidase staining. DNA damage and DNA repair pathways were determined by comet assay, immunofluorescent staining, and Western blot analysis. Timeless is aberrantly expressed in ∼52.5% of cervical cancer tissues. E2F1 and E2F4 contribute to the transcriptional activation of Timeless. Timeless depletion inhibits cell proliferation and increases cisplatin sensitivity in vitro and in vivo. Knockdown of Timeless induces cell apoptosis and cell senescence. Mechanically, Timeless silencing leads to DNA damage and impairs the activation of the ATR/CHK1 pathway in response to cisplatin in cervical cancer. Timeless is overexpressed in cervical cancer and regulates cell proliferation and cisplatin sensitivity, presenting an attractive target for cisplatin sensitizer in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Clinical Research Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yinghui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lingling Kuai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fangrong Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinghui Hu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, TuHa Petroleum Hospital, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yazhen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Youguo Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Clinical Research Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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24
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Maugeri A, Vinciguerra M. The Effects of Meal Timing and Frequency, Caloric Restriction, and Fasting on Cardiovascular Health: an Overview. J Lipid Atheroscler 2020; 9:140-152. [PMID: 32821727 PMCID: PMC7379067 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2020.9.1.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the leading cause of death worldwide, is strongly affected by diet. Diet can affect CVD directly by modulating the composition of vascular plaques, and indirectly by affecting the rate of aging. This review summarizes research on the relationships of fasting, meal timing, and meal frequency with CVD incidence and progression. Relevant basic research studies, epidemiological studies, and clinical studies are highlighted. In particular, we discuss both intermittent and periodic fasting interventions with the potential to prevent and treat CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Maugeri
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czechia.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czechia.,Division of Medicine, University College London (UCL), London, UK
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25
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Keshvari M, Nejadtaghi M, Hosseini-Beheshti F, Rastqar A, Patel N. Exploring the role of circadian clock gene and association with cancer pathophysiology. Chronobiol Int 2019; 37:151-175. [PMID: 31791146 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1681440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Most of the processes that occur in the mind and body follow natural rhythms. Those with a cycle length of about one day are called circadian rhythms. These rhythms are driven by a system of self-sustained clocks and are entrained by environmental cues such as light-dark cycles as well as food intake. In mammals, the circadian clock system is hierarchically organized such that the master clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus integrates environmental information and synchronizes the phase of oscillators in peripheral tissues.The circadian system is responsible for regulating a variety of physiological and behavioral processes, including feeding behavior and energy metabolism. Studies revealed that the circadian clock system consists primarily of a set of clock genes. Several genes control the biological clock, including BMAL1, CLOCK (positive regulators), CRY1, CRY2, PER1, PER2, and PER3 (negative regulators) as indicators of the peripheral clock.Circadian has increasingly become an important area of medical research, with hundreds of studies pointing to the body's internal clocks as a factor in both health and disease. Thousands of biochemical processes from sleep and wakefulness to DNA repair are scheduled and dictated by these internal clocks. Cancer is an example of health problems where chronotherapy can be used to improve outcomes and deliver a higher quality of care to patients.In this article, we will discuss knowledge about molecular mechanisms of the circadian clock and the role of clocks in physiology and pathophysiology of concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Keshvari
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Mahdieh Nejadtaghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Rastqar
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Niraj Patel
- Centre de Recherche CERVO, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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26
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Mazzoccoli G, Miele L, Marrone G, Mazza T, Vinciguerra M, Grieco A. A Role for the Biological Clock in Liver Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111778. [PMID: 31718031 PMCID: PMC6895918 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological clock controls at the molecular level several aspects of mammalian physiology, by regulating daily oscillations of crucial biological processes such as nutrient metabolism in the liver. Disruption of the circadian clock circuitry has recently been identified as an independent risk factor for cancer and classified as a potential group 2A carcinogen to humans. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the prevailing histological type of primary liver cancer, one of the most important causes of cancer-related death worldwide. HCC onset and progression is related to B and C viral hepatitis, alcoholic and especially non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-related milieu of fibrosis, cirrhosis, and chronic inflammation. In this review, we recapitulate the state-of-the-art knowledge on the interplay between the biological clock and the oncogenic pathways and mechanisms involved in hepatocarcinogenesis. Finally, we propose how a deeper understanding of circadian clock circuitry–cancer pathways’ crosstalk is promising for developing new strategies for HCC prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Department of Medical Sciences and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (M.V.); Tel.: +0039-(0)-882-410255 (G.M.); +0042-(0)-5-11-158-277 (M.V.); Fax: +0039-(0)-882-410255 (G.M.)
| | - Luca Miele
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli–IRCCS– Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (L.M.); (G.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Marrone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli–IRCCS– Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (L.M.); (G.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- Bioinformatics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy;
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- International Clinical Research Center (FNUSA-ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (M.V.); Tel.: +0039-(0)-882-410255 (G.M.); +0042-(0)-5-11-158-277 (M.V.); Fax: +0039-(0)-882-410255 (G.M.)
| | - Antonio Grieco
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli–IRCCS– Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (L.M.); (G.M.); (A.G.)
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27
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Caron P, van der Linden J, van Attikum H. Bon voyage: A transcriptional journey around DNA breaks. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 82:102686. [PMID: 31476573 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.102686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) affect chromatin integrity and impact DNA-dependent processes such as transcription. Several studies revealed that the transcription of genes located in close proximity to DSBs is transiently repressed. This is achieved through the establishment of either a transient repressive chromatin context or eviction of the RNA polymerase II complex from the damaged chromatin. While these mechanisms of transcription repression have been shown to affect the efficiency and accuracy of DSB repair, it became evident that the transcriptional state of chromatin before DSB formation also influences this process. Moreover, transcription can be initiated from DSB ends, generating long non-coding (lnc)RNAs that will be processed into sequence-specific double-stranded RNAs. These so-called DNA damage-induced (dd)RNAs dictate DSB repair by regulating the accumulation of DNA repair proteins at DSBs. Thus, a complex interplay between mechanisms of transcription activation and repression occurs at DSBs and affects their repair. Here we review our current understanding of the mechanisms that coordinate transcription and DSB repair to prevent genome instability arising from DNA breaks in transcribed regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Caron
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333ZC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Janette van der Linden
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333ZC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Haico van Attikum
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333ZC, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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28
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LeVan TD, Xiao P, Kumar G, Kupzyk K, Qiu F, Klinkebiel D, Eudy J, Cowan K, Berger AM. Genetic Variants in Circadian Rhythm Genes and Self-Reported Sleep Quality in Women with Breast Cancer. J Circadian Rhythms 2019; 17:6. [PMID: 31303884 PMCID: PMC6611482 DOI: 10.5334/jcr.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Women diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) are at increased risk of sleep deficiency. Approximately 30-60% of these women report poor sleep during and following surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and anti-estrogen therapy. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between genetic variation in circadian rhythm genes and self-reported sleep quality in women with BC. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited women with a first diagnosis of breast cancer at five sites in Nebraska and South Dakota. Sixty women were included in the study. Twenty-six circadian genes were selected for exome sequencing using the Nextera Rapid Capture Expanded Exome kit. 414 variants had a minor allele frequency of ≥5% and were included in the exploratory analysis. The association between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score and genetic variants was determined by two-sample t-test or ANOVA. RESULTS Twenty-five variants were associated with the PSQI score at p < 0.10, of which 19 were significant at p<0.05, although the associations did not reach statistical significance after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Variants associated with PSQI were from genes CSNK1D & E, SKP1, BHLHE40 & 41, NPAS2, ARNTL, MYRIP, KLHL30, TIMELESS, FBXL3, CUL1, PER1&2, RORB. Two genetic variants were synonymous or missense variants in the BHLHE40 and TIMELESS genes, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These exploratory results demonstrate an association of genetic variants in circadian rhythm pathways with self-reported sleep in women with BC. Testing this association is warranted in a larger replication population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peng Xiao
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, US
| | | | | | - Fang Qiu
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, US
| | | | - James Eudy
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, US
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29
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Li HX. The role of circadian clock genes in tumors. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:3645-3660. [PMID: 31190867 PMCID: PMC6526167 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s203144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are generated via variations in the expression of clock genes that are organized into a complex transcriptional–translational autoregulatory network and regulate the diverse physiological and behavioral activities that are required to adapt to periodic environmental changes. Aberrant clock gene expression is associated with a heightened risk of diseases that affect all aspects of human health, including cancers. Within the past several years, a number of studies have indicated that clock genes contribute to carcinogenesis by altering the expression of clock-controlled and tumor-related genes downstream of many cellular pathways. This review comprehensively summarizes how clock genes affect the development of tumors and their prognosis. In addition, the review provides a full description of the current state of oral cancer research that aims to optimize cancer diagnosis and treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Xue Li
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400015, People's Republic of China
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30
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Circadian neurogenetics of mood disorders. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 377:81-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03033-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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31
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Morales-Santana S, Morell S, Leon J, Carazo-Gallego A, Jimenez-Lopez JC, Morell M. An Overview of the Polymorphisms of Circadian Genes Associated With Endocrine Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:104. [PMID: 30873119 PMCID: PMC6401647 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A major consequence of the world industrialized lifestyle is the increasing period of unnatural light in environments during the day and artificial lighting at night. This major change disrupts endogenous homeostasis with external circadian cues, which has been associated to higher risk of diseases affecting human health, mainly cancer among others. Circadian disruption promotes tumor development and accelerate its fast progression. The dysregulation mechanisms of circadian genes is greatly affected by the genetic variability of these genes. To date, several core circadian genes, also called circadian clock genes, have been identified, comprising the following: ARNTL, CLOCK, CRY1, CRY2, CSNK1E, NPAS2, NR1D1, NR1D2, PER1, PER2, PER3, RORA, and TIMELESS. The polymorphic variants of these circadian genes might contribute to an individual's risk to cancer. In this short review, we focused on clock circadian clock-related genes, major contributors of the susceptibility to endocrine-dependent cancers through affecting circadian clock, most likely affecting hormonal regulation. We examined polymorphisms affecting breast, prostate and ovarian carcinogenesis, in addition to pancreatic and thyroid cancer. Further study of the genetic composition in circadian clock-controlled tumors will be of great importance by establishing the foundation to discover novel genetic biomarkers for cancer prevention, prognosis and target therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Morales-Santana
- Proteomic Research Service, San Cecilio University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- *Correspondence: Sonia Morales-Santana
| | - Santiago Morell
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Santiago Morell
| | - Josefa Leon
- Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Disease, San Cecilio University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Angel Carazo-Gallego
- Genomic Research Service, San Cecilio University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Jose C. Jimenez-Lopez
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - María Morell
- Genomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
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32
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Shen X, Li M, Mao Z, Yu W. Loss of circadian protein TIMELESS accelerates the progression of cellular senescence. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:2784-2791. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Zhao J, Warman GR, Cheeseman JF. Clock gene expression and locomotor activity predict death in the last days of life in Drosophila melanogaster. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11923. [PMID: 30093652 PMCID: PMC6085321 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30323-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of the circadian clock for the regulation of behaviour and physiology, and the molecular control of these rhythms by a set of clock genes are well defined. The circadian clock deteriorates with advancing age but the mechanism underlying is unclear. Here we recorded the expression of two key clock genes in young, middle-aged and old Drosophila using transgenic luciferase lines reporting period and timeless in vivo. We report a novel marker of imminent death in the expression of TIMELESS. In the days immediately preceding death TIMELESS expression increased to at least 150% of previous acrophase values (88.0% of n = 217) and lost circadian rhythmicity, which predicted death equally well in flies of different ages and under light and temperature cycles. We suggest this transient aberrant clock-gene expression is central to the mechanism of the disturbance in circadian behaviour before death (82.7% of n = 342). We also find that PERIOD expression in central-clock neurons remained robust with age, however PERIOD and TIMELESS in peripheral clocks showed a reduction in both expression level and rhythmicity. In conclusion, as flies age the molecular clock gradually declines at the peripheral level but continues to function at the central until days before death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Medicine, the University of Auckland, Park Road, Grafton, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand
| | - Guy Robert Warman
- Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Medicine, the University of Auckland, Park Road, Grafton, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand
| | - James Frederick Cheeseman
- Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Medicine, the University of Auckland, Park Road, Grafton, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand.
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Maugeri A, Kunzova S, Medina-Inojosa JR, Agodi A, Barchitta M, Homolka M, Kiacova N, Bauerova H, Sochor O, Lopez-Jimenez F, Vinciguerra M. Association between eating time interval and frequency with ideal cardiovascular health: Results from a random sample Czech urban population. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:847-855. [PMID: 29753587 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The frequency and timing of meals may affect cardiovascular health (CVH) outcomes, but large-scale epidemiological studies are lacking. The aim of this study was to understand the relationship between eating time interval and frequency, and measures of ideal CVH in the Kardiovize Brno cohort study, a random urban sample population in Central Europe. METHODS AND RESULTS 1659 members of the Kardiovize Brno 2030 cohort were included in a cross-sectional study (mean age = 46.86 years; 44.6% male). Exposure variables were eating time interval and frequency, and skipping meals. Primary outcomes were indices of CVH, including body mass index, diet, physical activity, smoking, blood pressure, glucose and cholesterol, and the composite CVH score. Cluster analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate eating habits and the association between variables. After adjustment for well-known risk factors, subjects who skipped breakfast or the afternoon snack had a higher risk of poor CVH (OR = 1.613; 95%CI = 1.121-2.320; p = 0.010; OR = 1.409; 95%CI = 1.110-1.788; p = 0.005, respectively). Moreover, we identified three clusters of individuals based on eating habits; from cluster 1 to cluster 3, eating time interval and frequency increased and this was associated with increases in CVH score from 8.70 (SEM = 0.10) in cluster 1, and 9.06 (SEM = 0.08) in cluster 2 to 9.42 (SEM = 0.09) in cluster 3 (p-trend = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that skipping breakfast or the afternoon snack are risk factors for poor CVH, while higher eating time interval and frequency may promote ideal CVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maugeri
- International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - S Kunzova
- International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J R Medina-Inojosa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Division of Preventive Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, USA
| | - A Agodi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - M Barchitta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - M Homolka
- International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - N Kiacova
- International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - H Bauerova
- International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - O Sochor
- International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - F Lopez-Jimenez
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Division of Preventive Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, USA
| | - M Vinciguerra
- International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Division of Medicine, University College London (UCL), London, UK.
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35
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Mazzoccoli G, De Cosmo S, Mazza T. The Biological Clock: A Pivotal Hub in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Pathogenesis. Front Physiol 2018; 9:193. [PMID: 29662454 PMCID: PMC5890189 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent hepatic pathology in the Western world and may evolve into steatohepatitis (NASH), increasing the risk of cirrhosis, portal hypertension and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD derives from the accumulation of hepatic fat due to discrepant free fatty acid metabolism. Other factors contributing to this are deranged nutrients and bile acids fluxes as well as alterations in nuclear receptors, hormones, and intermediary metabolites, which impact on signaling pathways involved in metabolism and inflammation. Autophagy and host gut-microbiota interplay are also relevant to NAFLD pathogenesis. Notably, liver metabolic pathways and bile acid synthesis as well as autophagic and immune/inflammatory processes all show circadian patterns driven by the biological clock. Gut microbiota impacts on the biological clock, at the same time as the appropriate timing of metabolic fluxes, hormone secretion, bile acid turnover, autophagy and inflammation with behavioural cycles of fasting/feeding and sleeping/waking is required to circumvent hepatosteatosis, indicating significant interactions of the gut and circadian processes in NAFLD pathophysiology. Several time-related factors and processes interplay in NAFLD development, with the biological clock proposed to act as a network level hub. Deranged physiological rhythms (chronodisruption) may also play a role in liver steatosis pathogenesis. The current article reviews how the circadian clock circuitry intimately interacts with several mechanisms involved in the onset of hepatosteatosis and its progression to NASH, thereby contributing to the global NAFLD epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Salvatore De Cosmo
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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36
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Mazzoccoli G, Colangelo T, Panza A, Rubino R, Tiberio C, Palumbo O, Carella M, Trombetta D, Gentile A, Tavano F, Valvano MR, Storlazzi CT, Macchia G, De Cata A, Bisceglia G, Capocefalo D, Colantuoni V, Sabatino L, Piepoli A, Mazza T. Analysis of clock gene-miRNA correlation networks reveals candidate drivers in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:45444-45461. [PMID: 27323779 PMCID: PMC5216733 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered functioning of the biological clock is involved in cancer onset and progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) interact with the clock genes modulating the function of genetically encoded molecular clockworks. Collaborative interactions may take place within the coding-noncoding RNA regulatory networks. We aimed to evaluate the cross-talk among miRNAs and clock genes in colorectal cancer (CRC). We performed an integrative analysis of miRNA-miRNA and miRNA-mRNA interactions on high-throughput molecular profiling of matched human CRC tissue and non-tumor mucosa, pinpointing core clock genes and their targeting miRNAs. Data obtained in silico were validated in CRC patients and human colon cancer cell lines. In silico we found severe alterations of clock gene–related coding-noncoding RNA regulatory networks in tumor tissues, which were later corroborated by the analysis of human CRC specimens and experiments performed in vitro. In conclusion, specific miRNAs target and regulate the transcription/translation of clock genes and clock gene-related miRNA-miRNA as well as mRNA-miRNA interactions are altered in colorectal cancer. Exploration of the interplay between specific miRNAs and genes, which are critically involved in the functioning of the biological clock, provides a better understanding of the importance of the miRNA-clock genes axis and its derangement in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Tommaso Colangelo
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Anna Panza
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Rosa Rubino
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Cristiana Tiberio
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Orazio Palumbo
- Medical Genetics Service, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Massimo Carella
- Medical Genetics Service, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Domenico Trombetta
- Oncology-Research Laboratory, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Annamaria Gentile
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Francesca Tavano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Valvano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | | | - Gemma Macchia
- Department of Biology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo De Cata
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Giovanni Bisceglia
- Department of Surgical Sciences, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Daniele Capocefalo
- Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Vittorio Colantuoni
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Lina Sabatino
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Ada Piepoli
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
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Abstract
Self-sustained and synchronized to environmental stimuli, circadian clocks are under genetic and epigenetic regulation. Recent findings have greatly increased our understanding of epigenetic plasticity governed by circadian clock. Thus, the link between circadian clock and epigenetic machinery is reciprocal. Circadian clock can affect epigenetic features including genomic DNA methylation, noncoding RNA, mainly miRNA expression, and histone modifications resulted in their 24-h rhythms. Concomitantly, these epigenetic events can directly modulate cyclic system of transcription and translation of core circadian genes and indirectly clock output genes. Significant findings interlocking circadian clock, epigenetics, and cancer have been revealed, particularly in breast, colorectal, and blood cancers. Aberrant methylation of circadian gene promoter regions and miRNA expression affected circadian gene expression, together with 24-h expression oscillation pace have been frequently observed.
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Benna C, Helfrich-Förster C, Rajendran S, Monticelli H, Pilati P, Nitti D, Mocellin S. Genetic variation of clock genes and cancer risk: a field synopsis and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:23978-23995. [PMID: 28177907 PMCID: PMC5410358 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of studies on the association between clock genes’ polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility has increased over the last years but the results are often conflicting and no comprehensive overview and quantitative summary of the evidence in this field is available. RESULTS Literature search identified 27 eligible studies comprising 96756 subjects (cases: 38231) and investigating 687 polymorphisms involving 14 clock genes. Overall, 1025 primary and subgroup meta-analyses on 366 gene variants were performed. Study distribution by tumor was as follows: breast cancer (n=15), prostate cancer (n=3), pancreatic cancer (n=2), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n=2), glioma (n=1), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (n=1), colorectal cancer (n=1), non-small cell lung cancer (n=1) and ovarian cancer (n=1). We identified 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with cancer risk: NPAS2 rs10165970 (mixed and breast cancer shiftworkers), rs895520 (mixed), rs17024869 (breast) and rs7581886 (breast); CLOCK rs3749474 (breast) and rs11943456 (breast); RORA rs7164773 (breast and breast cancer postmenopausal), rs10519097 (breast); RORB rs7867494 (breast cancer postmenopausal), PER3 rs1012477 (breast cancer subgroups) and assessed the level of quality evidence to be intermediate. We also identified polymorphisms with lower quality statistically significant associations (n=30). CONCLUSIONS Our work supports the hypothesis that genetic variation of clock genes might affect cancer risk. These findings also highlight the need for more efforts in this research field in order to fully establish the contribution of clock gene variants to the risk of developing cancer. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence on the association between clock genes’ germline variants and the risk of developing cancer. To assess result credibility, summary evidence was graded according to the Venice criteria and false positive report probability (FPRP) was calculated to further validate result noteworthiness. Subgroup meta-analysis was also performed based on participant features and tumor type. The breast cancer subgroup was further stratified by work conditions, estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor status and menopausal status, conditions associated with the risk of breast cancer in different studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Benna
- Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Charlotte Helfrich-Förster
- Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Senthilkumar Rajendran
- Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Donato Nitti
- Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Clinica Chirurgica I, Azienda Ospedaliera Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Simone Mocellin
- Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IOV-IRCSS, Padova, Italy
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Yang SL, Ren QG, Wen L, Hu JL, Wang HY. Research progress on circadian clock genes in common abdominal malignant tumors. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:5091-5098. [PMID: 29113149 PMCID: PMC5661368 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock refers to the inherent biological rhythm of an organism, which, is accurately regulated by numerous clock genes. Studies in recent years have reported that the abnormal expression of clock genes is ubiquitous in common abdominal malignant tumors, including liver, colorectal, gastric and pancreatic cancer. In addition, the abnormal expression of certain clock genes is closely associated with clinical tumor parameters or patient prognosis. Studies in clock genes may expand the knowledge about the mechanism of occurrence and development of tumors, and may provide a new approach for tumor therapy. The present study summarizes the research progress in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Li Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
| | - Quan-Guang Ren
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
| | - Lu Wen
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Li Hu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
| | - Heng-Yi Wang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
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40
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Abstract
The molecular clockwork drives rhythmic oscillations of signaling pathways managing intermediate metabolism; the circadian timing system synchronizes behavioral cycles and anabolic/catabolic processes with environmental cues, mainly represented by light/darkness alternation. Metabolic pathways, bile acid synthesis, and autophagic and immune/inflammatory processes are driven by the biological clock. Proper timing of hormone secretion, metabolism, bile acid turnover, autophagy, and inflammation with behavioral cycles is necessary to avoid dysmetabolism. Disruption of the biological clock and mistiming of body rhythmicity with respect to environmental cues provoke loss of internal synchronization and metabolic derangements, causing liver steatosis, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Tarquini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy; Inter-institutional Department for Continuity of Care of Empoli, School of Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Chronobiology Unit, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", Cappuccini Avenue, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia 71013, Italy.
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Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase Expression in Papillary Thyroid Cancer Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Modulates Cancer Cell Growth and Migration. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41416. [PMID: 28216675 PMCID: PMC5316948 DOI: 10.1038/srep41416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor stroma-secreted growth factors, cytokines, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) influence tumor development from early stages to the metastasis phase. Previous studies have demonstrated downregulation of ROS-producing extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) in thyroid cancer cell lines although according to recent data, the expression of SOD3 at physiological levels stimulates normal and cancer cell proliferation. Therefore, to analyze the expression of SOD3 in tumor stroma, we characterized stromal cells from the thyroid. We report mutually exclusive desmoplasia and inflammation in papillary and follicular thyroid cancers and the presence of multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) in non-carcinogenic thyroids and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The phenotypic and differentiation characteristics of Thyroid MSCs and PTC MSCs were comparable with bone marrow MSCs. A molecular level analysis showed increased FIBROBLAST ACTIVATING PROTEIN, COLLAGEN 1 TYPE A1, TENASCIN, and SOD3 expression in PTC MSCs compared to Thyroid MSCs, suggesting the presence of MSCs with a fibrotic fingerprint in papillary thyroid cancer tumors and the autocrine-paracrine conversion of SOD3 expression, which was enhanced by cancer cells. Stromal SOD3 had a stimulatory effect on cancer cell growth and an inhibitory effect on cancer cell migration, thus indicating that SOD3 might be a novel player in thyroid tumor stroma.
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