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Lassoued N, Yero A, Jenabian MA, Soret R, Pilon N. Efficient enzyme-free method to assess the development and maturation of the innate and adaptive immune systems in the mouse colon. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11063. [PMID: 38744932 PMCID: PMC11094196 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61834-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Researchers who aim to globally analyze the gastrointestinal immune system via flow cytometry have many protocol options to choose from, with specifics generally tied to gut wall layers of interest. To get a clearer idea of the approach we should use on full-thickness colon samples from mice, we first undertook a systematic comparison of three tissue dissociation techniques: two based on enzymatic cocktails and the other one based on manual crushing. Using flow cytometry panels of general markers of lymphoid and myeloid cells, we found that the presence of cell-surface markers and relative cell population frequencies were more stable with the mechanical method. Both enzymatic approaches were associated with a marked decrease of several cell-surface markers. Using mechanical dissociation, we then developed two minimally overlapping panels, consisting of a total of 26 antibodies, for serial profiling of lymphoid and myeloid lineages from the mouse colon in greater detail. Here, we highlight how we accurately delineate these populations by manual gating, as well as the reproducibility of our panels on mouse spleen and whole blood. As a proof-of-principle of the usefulness of our general approach, we also report segment- and life stage-specific patterns of immune cell profiles in the colon. Overall, our data indicate that mechanical dissociation is more suitable and efficient than enzymatic methods for recovering immune cells from all colon layers at once. Additionally, our panels will provide researchers with a relatively simple tool for detailed immune cell profiling in the murine gastrointestinal tract, regardless of life stage or experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nejia Lassoued
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre d'excellence en recherche sur les maladies orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexis Yero
- Centre d'excellence en recherche sur les maladies orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Human Immuno-Virology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mohammad-Ali Jenabian
- Centre d'excellence en recherche sur les maladies orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Human Immuno-Virology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rodolphe Soret
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Centre d'excellence en recherche sur les maladies orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Nicolas Pilon
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Centre d'excellence en recherche sur les maladies orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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2
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Sandoval V, Lara-Endara J, Rodríguez-Suárez J, Garzón WA, Redrobán L, Montalvo N. Melanocytic nevus of the anal canal and granular cell tumor of the cecum: a case report and literature review of 2 coincidentally co-occurring neurocristopathies. Ann Coloproctol 2024; 40:S23-S26. [PMID: 36632693 PMCID: PMC11162845 DOI: 10.3393/ac.2022.00444.0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Granular cell tumors are predominantly benign soft tissue tumors originating from Schwann cells, whereas melanocytic nevi are benign proliferations of melanocytes. We present the case of a patient with the presence of both entities located in the cecum and anal canal, respectively, constituting an extremely rare coincidental finding. A 43-year-old woman was evaluated by colonoscopy for iron-deficiency microcytic anemia that had lasted for 1 year. Colonoscopy demonstrated a macular lesion of 0.3 cm with a melanocytic appearance in the anal canal; at the cecum level, a subepithelial, yellowish, and partially mobile firm nodular lesion measuring 1.3 cm was observed. A histopathological study showed a melanocytic nevus in the anal canal and a granular cell tumor in the cecum. This is the first reported case of a patient with the extremely rare coincidental-incidental finding of these 2 entities at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Sandoval
- Department of Teaching and Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences of Health and Life, School of Medicine, International University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jorge Lara-Endara
- Department of Teaching and Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences of Health and Life, School of Medicine, International University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | | | - Ligia Redrobán
- Service of Pathology, Hospital Metropolitano, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Nelson Montalvo
- Department of Teaching and Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences of Health and Life, School of Medicine, International University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
- Service of Pathology, Hospital Metropolitano, Quito, Ecuador
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3
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Chatzi D, Kyriakoudi SA, Dermitzakis I, Manthou ME, Meditskou S, Theotokis P. Clinical and Genetic Correlation in Neurocristopathies: Bridging a Precision Medicine Gap. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2223. [PMID: 38673496 PMCID: PMC11050951 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurocristopathies (NCPs) encompass a spectrum of disorders arising from issues during the formation and migration of neural crest cells (NCCs). NCCs undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and upon key developmental gene deregulation, fetuses and neonates are prone to exhibit diverse manifestations depending on the affected area. These conditions are generally rare and often have a genetic basis, with many following Mendelian inheritance patterns, thus making them perfect candidates for precision medicine. Examples include cranial NCPs, like Goldenhar syndrome and Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome; cardiac-vagal NCPs, such as DiGeorge syndrome; truncal NCPs, like congenital central hypoventilation syndrome and Waardenburg syndrome; and enteric NCPs, such as Hirschsprung disease. Additionally, NCCs' migratory and differentiating nature makes their derivatives prone to tumors, with various cancer types categorized based on their NCC origin. Representative examples include schwannomas and pheochromocytomas. This review summarizes current knowledge of diseases arising from defects in NCCs' specification and highlights the potential of precision medicine to remedy a clinical phenotype by targeting the genotype, particularly important given that those affected are primarily infants and young children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Paschalis Theotokis
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.C.); (S.A.K.); (I.D.); (M.E.M.); (S.M.)
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4
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Zheng M, Kumar A, Sharma V, Behl T, Sehgal A, Wal P, Shinde NV, Kawaduji BS, Kapoor A, Anwer MK, Gulati M, Shen B, Singla RK, Bungau SG. Revolutionizing pediatric neuroblastoma treatment: unraveling new molecular targets for precision interventions. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1353860. [PMID: 38601081 PMCID: PMC11004261 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1353860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most frequent solid tumor in pediatric cases, contributing to around 15% of childhood cancer-related deaths. The wide-ranging genetic, morphological, and clinical diversity within NB complicates the success of current treatment methods. Acquiring an in-depth understanding of genetic alterations implicated in the development of NB is essential for creating safer and more efficient therapies for this severe condition. Several molecular signatures are being studied as potential targets for developing new treatments for NB patients. In this article, we have examined the molecular factors and genetic irregularities, including those within insulin gene enhancer binding protein 1 (ISL1), dihydropyrimidinase-like 3 (DPYSL3), receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) and murine double minute 2-tumor protein 53 (MDM2-P53) that play an essential role in the development of NB. A thorough summary of the molecular targeted treatments currently being studied in pre-clinical and clinical trials has been described. Recent studies of immunotherapeutic agents used in NB are also studied in this article. Moreover, we explore potential future directions to discover new targets and treatments to enhance existing therapies and ultimately improve treatment outcomes and survival rates for NB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zheng
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence for Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ankush Kumar
- Amity School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amity University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Vishakha Sharma
- Amity School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amity University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Amity School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amity University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- GHG Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Pranay Wal
- Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Pharmacy, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Anupriya Kapoor
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Md. Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
- Australian Research Consortium in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Bairong Shen
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence for Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rajeev K. Singla
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence for Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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5
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Lefèvre MA, Soret R, Pilon N. Harnessing the Power of Enteric Glial Cells' Plasticity and Multipotency for Advancing Regenerative Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12475. [PMID: 37569849 PMCID: PMC10419543 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The enteric nervous system (ENS), known as the intrinsic nervous system of the gastrointestinal tract, is composed of a diverse array of neuronal and glial cell subtypes. Fascinating questions surrounding the generation of cellular diversity in the ENS have captivated ENS biologists for a considerable time, particularly with recent advancements in cell type-specific transcriptomics at both population and single-cell levels. However, the current focus of research in this field is predominantly restricted to the study of enteric neuron subtypes, while the investigation of enteric glia subtypes significantly lags behind. Despite this, enteric glial cells (EGCs) are increasingly recognized as equally important regulators of numerous bowel functions. Moreover, a subset of postnatal EGCs exhibits remarkable plasticity and multipotency, distinguishing them as critical entities in the context of advancing regenerative medicine. In this review, we aim to provide an updated overview of the current knowledge on this subject, while also identifying key questions that necessitate future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie A. Lefèvre
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada;
- Centre D’excellence en Recherche Sur Les Maladies Orphelines—Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 3Y7, Canada
| | - Rodolphe Soret
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada;
- Centre D’excellence en Recherche Sur Les Maladies Orphelines—Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 3Y7, Canada
| | - Nicolas Pilon
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada;
- Centre D’excellence en Recherche Sur Les Maladies Orphelines—Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 3Y7, Canada
- Département de Pédiatrie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
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6
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Sallis S, Bérubé-Simard FA, Grondin B, Leduc E, Azouz F, Bélanger C, Pilon N. The CHARGE syndrome-associated protein FAM172A controls AGO2 nuclear import. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202302133. [PMID: 37221016 PMCID: PMC10205598 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
CHARGE syndrome is a neural crest-related disorder mainly caused by mutation of the chromatin remodeler-coding gene CHD7 Alternative causes include mutation of other chromatin and/or splicing factors. One of these additional players is the poorly characterized FAM172A, which we previously found in a complex with CHD7 and the small RNA-binding protein AGO2 at the chromatin-spliceosome interface. Focusing on the FAM172A-AGO2 interplay, we now report that FAM172A is a direct binding partner of AGO2 and, as such, one of the long sought-after regulators of AGO2 nuclear import. We show that this FAM172A function mainly relies on its classical bipartite nuclear localization signal and associated canonical importin-α/β pathway, being enhanced by CK2-induced phosphorylation and abrogated by a CHARGE syndrome-associated missense mutation. Overall, this study thus strengthens the notion that noncanonical nuclear functions of AGO2 and associated regulatory mechanisms might be clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sephora Sallis
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Félix-Antoine Bérubé-Simard
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Benoit Grondin
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Leduc
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Fatiha Azouz
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Catherine Bélanger
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nicolas Pilon
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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7
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Lei K, Xu R, Wang Q, Xiong Q, Zhou X, Li Q, Seriwatanachai D, Lin S, Zhou C, Yuan Q. METTL5 regulates cranial suture fusion via Wnt signaling. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 3:369-376. [PMID: 38933773 PMCID: PMC11197682 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
METTL5 is a methyltransferase that mediates eukaryotic 18S ribosomal RNA m6A modification, and its mutations lead to intellectual disability, microcephaly, and facial dysmorphism in patients. However, the role of METTL5 in craniofacial development remains poorly understood. This study demonstrates that Mettl5 knockout mice exhibit poor ossification, widened cranial sutures, and a cleidocranial dysplasia-like phenotype. Deletion of Mettl5 leads to increased proliferation and decreased osteogenic differentiation of suture mesenchymal stem cells. Mechanistically, we find that Wnt signaling is significantly downregulated after Mettl5 knockout. Overall, we reveal an essential role of METTL5 in craniofacial development and osteogenic differentiation of suture mesenchymal stem cells, making METTL5 a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for craniofacial developmental diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ruoshi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiuchan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dutmanee Seriwatanachai
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 73170, Thailand
| | - Shuibin Lin
- Center for Translational Medicine, Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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8
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Molecular and Cellular Regulations in the Development of the Choroidal Circulation System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065371. [PMID: 36982446 PMCID: PMC10048934 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Disorders in the development and regulation of blood vessels are involved in various ocular disorders, such as persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, familial exudative vitreoretinopathy, and choroidal dystrophy. Thus, the appropriate regulation of vascular development is essential for healthy ocular functions. However, regulation of the developing choroidal circulation system has not been well studied compared with vascular regulation in the vitreous and the retina. The choroid is a vascular-rich and uniquely structured tissue supplying oxygen and nutrients to the retina, and hypoplasia and the degeneration of the choroid are involved in many ocular disorders. Therefore, understanding the developing choroidal circulation system expands our knowledge of ocular development and supports our understanding of ocular disorders. In this review, we examine studies on regulating the developing choroidal circulation system at the cellular and molecular levels and discuss the relevance to human diseases.
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Park J, Hsiung HA, Khven I, La Manno G, Lutolf MP. Self-organizing in vitro mouse neural tube organoids mimic embryonic development. Development 2022; 149:dev201052. [PMID: 36268933 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The embryonic neural tube is the origin of the entire adult nervous system, and disturbances in its development cause life-threatening birth defects. However, the study of mammalian neural tube development is limited by the lack of physiologically realistic three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models. Here, we report a self-organizing 3D neural tube organoid model derived from single mouse embryonic stem cells that exhibits an in vivo-like tissue architecture, cell type composition and anterior-posterior (AP) patterning. Moreover, maturation of the neural tube organoids showed the emergence of multipotent neural crest cells and mature neurons. Single-cell transcriptome analyses revealed the sequence of transcriptional events in the emergence of neural crest cells and neural differentiation. Thanks to the accessibility of this model, phagocytosis of migrating neural crest cells could be observed in real time for the first time in a mammalian model. We thus introduce a tractable in vitro model to study some of the key morphogenetic and cell type derivation events during early neural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiSoo Park
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences and School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Hao-An Hsiung
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences and School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Irina Khven
- Laboratory of Neurodevelopmental Systems Biology, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Gioele La Manno
- Laboratory of Neurodevelopmental Systems Biology, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Matthias P Lutolf
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences and School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Vaud, Switzerland
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Vaud, Switzerland
- Roche Institute for Translational Bioengineering (ITB), Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel 4058, Switzerland
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Bonnamour G, Charrier B, Sallis S, Leduc E, Pilon N. NR2F1 regulates a Schwann cell precursor-vs-melanocyte cell fate switch in a mouse model of Waardenburg syndrome type IV. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2022; 35:506-516. [PMID: 35816394 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Waardenburg syndrome type 4 (WS4) combines abnormal development of neural crest cell (NCC)-derived melanocytes (causing depigmentation and inner ear dysfunction) and enteric nervous system (causing aganglionic megacolon). The full spectrum of WS4 phenotype is present in Spot mice, in which an insertional mutation close to a silencer element leads to NCC-specific upregulation of the transcription factor-coding gene Nr2f1. These mice were previously found to develop aganglionic megacolon because of NR2F1-induced premature differentiation of enteric neural progenitors into enteric glia. Intriguingly, this prior work also showed that inner ear dysfunction in Spot mutants specifically affects balance but not hearing, consistent with the absence of melanocytes in the vestibule only. Here, we report an analysis of the effect of Nr2f1 upregulation on the development of both inner ear and skin melanocytes, also taking in consideration their origin relative to the dorsolateral and ventral NCC migration pathways. In the trunk, we found that NR2F1 overabundance in Spot NCCs forces dorso-laterally migrating melanoblasts to abnormally adopt a Schwann cell precursor (SCP) fate and conversely prevents ventrally migrating SCPs to normally adopt a melanoblast fate. In the head, Nr2f1 upregulation appears not to be uniform, which might explain why SCP-derived melanocytes do colonize the cochlea while non-SCP-derived melanocytes cannot reach the vestibule. Collectively, these data point to a key role for NR2F1 in the control of SCP-vs-melanocyte fate choice and unveil a new pathogenic mechanism for WS4. Moreover, our data argue against the proposed existence of a transit-amplifying compartment of melanocyte precursors in hair follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégoire Bonnamour
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, Canada.,Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines-Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Baptiste Charrier
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, Canada.,Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines-Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Sephora Sallis
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, Canada.,Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines-Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Leduc
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, Canada.,Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines-Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Nicolas Pilon
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, Canada.,Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines-Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada.,Département de Pédiatrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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Gao F, Zhao X, Cao B, Fan X, Li X, Li L, Sui S, Su Z, Gong C. Genetic and Phenotypic Spectrum of KBG Syndrome: A Report of 13 New Chinese Cases and a Review of the Literature. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12030407. [PMID: 35330407 PMCID: PMC8948816 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12030407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
KBG syndrome (KBGS) is a rare autosomal dominant inherited disease that involves multiple systems and is associated with variations in the ankyrin repeat domain 11 (ANKRD11) gene. We report the clinical and genetic data for 13 Chinese KBGS patients diagnosed by genetic testing and retrospectively analyse the genotypes and phenotypes of previously reported KBGS patients. The 13 patients in this study had heterozygous variations in the ANKRD11 gene, including seven frameshift variations, three nonsense variations, and three missense variations. They carried 11 variation sites, of which eight were previously unreported. The clinical phenotype analysis of these 13 patients and 240 previously reported patients showed that the occurrence rates of craniofacial anomalies, dental anomalies, global developmental delays, intellectual disability/learning difficulties, limb anomalies, and behavioural anomalies were >70%. The occurrence rates of short stature, delayed bone age, and spinal vertebral body anomalies were >50%. The frequency of global developmental delays and intellectual disability/learning difficulties in patients with truncated ANKRD11 gene variation was higher than that in patients with missense variation in the ANKRD11 gene (p < 0.05). Collectively, this study reported the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of the largest sample of KBGS patients from China and discovered eight new ANKRD11 gene variations, which enriched the variation spectrum of the ANKRD11 gene. Variation in the ANKRD11 gene mainly caused craniofacial anomalies, growth and developmental anomalies, skeletal system anomalies, and nervous system anomalies. Truncated variation in the ANKRD11 gene is more likely to lead to global growth retardation and intellectual disability/learning difficulties than missense variation in ANKRD11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenqi Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics, Metabolism and Adolescent Medicine, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing 100045, China; (F.G.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (L.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Xiu Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China;
| | - Bingyan Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics, Metabolism and Adolescent Medicine, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing 100045, China; (F.G.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (L.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Xin Fan
- Pediatric Dapartment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 510000, China;
| | - Xiaoqiao Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics, Metabolism and Adolescent Medicine, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing 100045, China; (F.G.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (L.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Lele Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics, Metabolism and Adolescent Medicine, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing 100045, China; (F.G.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (L.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Shengbin Sui
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics, Metabolism and Adolescent Medicine, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing 100045, China; (F.G.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (L.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Zhe Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China;
- Correspondence: (Z.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Chunxiu Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics, Metabolism and Adolescent Medicine, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing 100045, China; (F.G.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (L.L.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (Z.S.); (C.G.)
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12
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Monroy BY, Adamson CJ, Camacho-Avila A, Guerzon CN, Echeverria CV, Rogers CD. Expression atlas of avian neural crest proteins: Neurulation to migration. Dev Biol 2022; 483:39-57. [PMID: 34990731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Neural crest (NC) cells are a dynamic population of embryonic stem cells that create various adult tissues in vertebrate species including craniofacial bone and cartilage and the peripheral and enteric nervous systems. NC development is thought to be a conserved and complex process that is controlled by a tightly-regulated gene regulatory network (GRN) of morphogens, transcription factors, and cell adhesion proteins. While multiple studies have characterized the expression of several GRN factors in single species, a comprehensive protein analysis that directly compares expression across development is lacking. To address this lack in information, we used three closely related avian models, Gallus gallus (chicken), Coturnix japonica (Japanese quail), and Pavo cristatus (Indian peafowl), to compare the localization and timing of four GRN transcription factors, PAX7, SNAI2, SOX9, and SOX10, from the onset of neurulation to migration. While the spatial expression of these factors is largely conserved, we find that quail NC cells express SNAI2, SOX9, and SOX10 proteins at the equivalent of earlier developmental stages than chick and peafowl. In addition, quail NC cells migrate farther and more rapidly than the larger organisms. These data suggest that despite a conservation of NC GRN players, differences in the timing of NC development between species remain a significant frontier to be explored with functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigette Y Monroy
- Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology Department, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Carly J Adamson
- Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology Department, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Alexis Camacho-Avila
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA, 91330, USA
| | - Christian N Guerzon
- Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology Department, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Camilo V Echeverria
- Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology Department, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Crystal D Rogers
- Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology Department, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Genetic Background Influences Severity of Colonic Aganglionosis and Response to GDNF Enemas in the Holstein Mouse Model of Hirschsprung Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313140. [PMID: 34884944 PMCID: PMC8658428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hirschsprung disease is a congenital malformation where ganglia of the neural crest-derived enteric nervous system are missing over varying lengths of the distal gastrointestinal tract. This complex genetic condition involves both rare and common variants in dozens of genes, many of which have been functionally validated in animal models. Modifier loci present in the genetic background are also believed to influence disease penetrance and severity, but this has not been frequently tested in animal models. Here, we addressed this question using Holstein mice in which aganglionosis is due to excessive deposition of collagen VI around the developing enteric nervous system, thereby allowing us to model trisomy 21-associated Hirschsprung disease. We also asked whether the genetic background might influence the response of Holstein mice to GDNF enemas, which we recently showed to have regenerative properties for the missing enteric nervous system. Compared to Holstein mice in their original FVB/N genetic background, Holstein mice maintained in a C57BL/6N background were found to have a less severe enteric nervous system defect and to be more responsive to GDNF enemas. This change of genetic background had a positive impact on the enteric nervous system only, leaving the neural crest-related pigmentation phenotype of Holstein mice unaffected. Taken together with other similar studies, these results are thus consistent with the notion that the enteric nervous system is more sensitive to genetic background changes than other neural crest derivatives.
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Lei K, Lin S, Yuan Q. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs): Critical roles in mRNA translation and diseases. Genes Dis 2021; 10:126-134. [PMID: 37013049 PMCID: PMC10066336 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As key components of the ribosome and the most abundant RNA species, the rRNAs are modified during ribosome formation. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a conserved RNA modification occurring on different RNA species including rRNAs. Recently, it has been reported that ZCCHC4 and METTL5 are methyltransferases that mediate m6A modification of human 28S and 18S rRNA, respectively. The newly discovered biological functions of the two methyltransferases include regulation of mRNA translation, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, stress response, and other biological processes. Both of them, especially METTL5, have been proved to be associated with a variety of diseases such as intellectual disability, cancer, congenital dysplasia and have potential clinical application as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shuibin Lin
- Center for Translational Medicine, Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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