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Urbanová L, Vaníček O, Červená K, Bartoš A, Evansová K. The impact of sleep education, light intervention and relaxation on sleep and mood in the elderly. Chronobiol Int 2024; 41:567-576. [PMID: 38602470 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2024.2337007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Sleep and light education (SLE) combined with relaxation is a potential method of addressing sleep and affective problems in older people. 47 participants took part in a four-week sleep education program. SLE was conducted once a week for 60-90 minutes. Participants were instructed on sleep and light hygiene, sleep processes, and practiced relaxation techniques. Participants were wearing actigraphs for 6 weeks, completed daily sleep diaries, and wore blue light-blocking glasses 120 minutes before bedtime. Measures included scores of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISS), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and actigraphy measurements of sleep latency, sleep efficiency, and sleep fragmentation. Sleep quality increased after SLE based on the subjective assessment and in the objective measurement with actigraphy. PSQI scores were statistically reduced indicating better sleep. Scores after the intervention significantly decreased in ESS and ISS. Sleep latency significantly decreased, whereas sleep efficiency and fragmentation index (%), did not improve. Mood significantly improved after SLE, with lower scores on the BDI-II and STAI. SLE combined with relaxation proved to be an effective method to reduce sleep problems and the incidence of depressive and anxiety symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Urbanová
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Vaníček
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Center for Sexual Health and Interventions, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Červená
- Sleep and Chronobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Aleš Bartoš
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
- 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katarína Evansová
- Sleep and Chronobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Muhammad Khir S, Wan Mohd Yunus WMA, Mahmud N, Wang R, Panatik SA, Mohd Sukor MS, Nordin NA. Efficacy of Progressive Muscle Relaxation in Adults for Stress, Anxiety, and Depression: A Systematic Review. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:345-365. [PMID: 38322293 PMCID: PMC10844009 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s437277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The rise in the prevalence of mental health problems among adults worldwide has raised concerns, highlighting the critical need for evidence-based mental health interventions that are accessible, comprehensive, and effective. Previous research suggests that Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) is a promising intervention widely used to reduce mental health problems. Nevertheless, the current literature on the efficacy of PMR among adults globally is fragmented, indicating a potential gap in this research area. Hence, this paper aims to systematically compile the research evidence on the efficacy of PMR in adults for stress, anxiety, and depression. Methods The Scopus, Web of Sciences, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from the earliest available evidence to 28th March 2023. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines were followed, and the protocol was registered on the Open Science Framework. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools were used to assess the quality of the included studies. Results A total of forty-six (46) publications from sixteen (16) countries covering more than 3402 adults were included in the review. The results show that PMR are effective in reducing stress, anxiety, and depression in adults. When PMR is combined with other interventions, the combined techniques have also consistently exhibited enhanced efficacy. Moreover, findings also indicate that the efficacy of PMR is heightened when implemented in conjunction with other interventions, surpassing its standalone efficacy. Funding and Registration This research was supported/funded by the Ministry of Higher Education (MoHE) under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) (FRGS/1/2020/SS0/UTM/02/23). The review was registered on Open Science Framework (OSF) on the 7th of March 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/U2HZP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syazwina Muhammad Khir
- Department of Psychology, School of Human Resource Development and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Mohd Azam Wan Mohd Yunus
- Department of Psychology, School of Human Resource Development and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
- INVEST Research Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Norashikin Mahmud
- Department of Psychology, School of Human Resource Development and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Psychology, School of Human Resource Development and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Aisyah Panatik
- Department of Psychology, School of Human Resource Development and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Saipol Mohd Sukor
- Department of Psychology, School of Human Resource Development and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Akmar Nordin
- Department of Psychology, School of Human Resource Development and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
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S.A. R, C.S. S, Ganesh P, Vasu HV. Job Search during COVID-19: How Online Mindfulness Intervention helped to Reduce Stress and Enhance the Self-esteem of the Job Seeker. F1000Res 2022; 11:955. [PMID: 36531265 PMCID: PMC9732500 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.109523.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Immediately after graduation from university, college students need to make significant decisions about starting their careers or pursuing higher studies. They are also pressured to meet the expectations and demands of self, others, and the environment. Owing to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the aforementioned challenging decisions may become hazardous stressors for college students. Hence, the researchers intended to assist and assess the college students involved in student placements. The research goal was to investigate the impact of mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) on the stress and self-esteem of college students involved in student placements. Methods: One hundred college students participating in the campus placements were selected using purposive sampling from Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University in Coimbatore, India. For evaluation purposes, college students were administered the perceived stress, Rosenberg self-esteem, and Kuppuswamy socio-economic scales. Seventy-five college students were selected for the MBI process and were administered with a pre-intervention and post-intervention without a control group research design. Results: Statistical analysis including analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Bonferroni post hoc test showed a significant increase in self-esteem and a decrease in the stress of the college students involved in placements. Conclusions: Thus, the researchers recommend that policymakers create awareness, include MBI in the curriculum, and allocate funds for training ventures in educational institutions to assist college students in their challenging life journeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajalakshmi S.A.
- Department of Language and Humanities, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidhyapeetham, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, 641112, India,
| | - Sowndaram C.S.
- Department of Language and Humanities, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidhyapeetham, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, 641112, India
| | - Preetham Ganesh
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidhyapeetham, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, 641112, India
| | - Harsha Vardhini Vasu
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidhyapeetham, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, 641112, India
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Mohamed AF, Isahak M, Awg Isa MZ, Nordin R. The effectiveness of workplace health promotion program in reducing work-related depression, anxiety and stress among manufacturing workers in Malaysia: mixed-model intervention. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2022; 95:1113-1127. [DOI: 10.1007/s00420-022-01836-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Kogan LR, Bussolari C. Exploring the Potential Impact of a Virtual Body Scan Meditation Exercise Conducted With Pet Dogs on Recipients and Facilitators. Front Psychol 2021; 12:698075. [PMID: 34335415 PMCID: PMC8322236 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.698075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous recent studies have shown that COVID-19 and the accompanying mandated lifestyle changes have resulted in significant negative effects on people's mental health. To meet the increased need for mental health support, while also maintaining physical safety, a variety of telehealth services have been created or expanded. A body scan mindfulness program is an intervention that can easily be modified to be offered virtually. This study was designed to determine if a virtual body scan mindfulness exercise, with participants' holding their dog or a pillow/blanket, could reduce their stress and anxiety as well as that of the facilitators. Significant differences in pre/post-State Anxiety Assessment scores for participants and facilitators were found. These results are discussed within the framework of the human animal bond and the potential of this form of intervention as a useful virtual tool for participants and facilitators alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori R. Kogan
- Department of Clincal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Cori Bussolari
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Dolan N, Simmonds-Buckley M, Kellett S, Siddell E, Delgadillo J. Effectiveness of stress control large group psychoeducation for anxiety and depression: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 60:375-399. [PMID: 33822376 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review sought to evaluate the effectiveness of the 'Stress Control' (SC) large psychoeducational 6-session group programme developed to increase access to treatment for patients with anxiety and depression. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis (Prospero registration: CRD42020173676). METHODS Pre-post and post-treatment follow-up effect sizes were extracted and synthesized in a random effects meta-analysis, and variations in effect sizes were investigated via moderator analyses. Secondary analyses synthesized between-group effect sizes from controlled studies containing comparator treatments and calculated the average dropout rate. The quality of the meta-analysis was assessed using the GRADE approach. RESULTS Nineteen studies with pre-post treatment outcomes were included. The average group size was N = 39, and the average dropout rate was 34%. Pooled effect sizes indicated moderate pre-post treatment reductions in anxiety (ES = 0.58; CI 0.41 to 0.75; N = 5597; Z = 7.13; p < .001), moderate reductions in depression (ES = 0.62; CI 0.44 to 0.80; N = 5538, Z = 7.30; p < .001), and large reductions in global distress (ES = 0.86; CI 0.61 to 1.11; N = 591; Z = 7.41; p < .001). At follow-up, improvements in anxiety, depression, and global distress were maintained. When SC was compared to active and passive controls, outcomes were equivalent for anxiety (ES = 0.12, 95% CI -0.25 to 0.49, Z = -0.70; p = .482) and depression (ES = 0.15, 95% CI -0.24 to 0.54, Z = 0.84; p = .401). CONCLUSIONS SC appears to be a clinically effective and durable low-intensity group intervention that facilitates access to treatment for large patient numbers. However, conclusions are limited by the low methodological quality of the evidence. PRACTITIONER POINTS The stress control version of large group psychoeducation is appropriate and effective for mild-to-moderate anxiety and depression The evidence base for stress control is predominantly made up of practice-based studies Stress control needs to form one component of the overall offer made to patients presenting with mild-to-moderate anxiety and depression The competencies required to deliver such groups need better specification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stephen Kellett
- University of Sheffield, UK.,Sheffield Health and Social Care NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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Desai V, Gupta A, Andersen L, Ronnestrand B, Wong M. Stress-Reducing Effects of Playing a Casual Video Game among Undergraduate Students. TRENDS IN PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [PMCID: PMC7952082 DOI: 10.1007/s43076-021-00062-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
To assess the potential effectiveness of playing a simple, casual video game (Flower) in reducing stress relative to participating in a mindfulness-meditation session (body scan) among undergraduate students. Eighty undergraduate student participants (mean age = 19.46 years, SD = 1.43; gender: 48 females, 29 males, 3 preferred not to answer) were assigned to one of two groups in alternating order: one who played Flower and the comparison group who participated in a body scan, each lasting 20 min. Psychological and physiological stress measurements were made before and after each intervention. Self-perceived psychological stress was measured using a modified version of the nine-item Psychological Stress Measure (PSM-9), and physiological stress (heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) was measured using an electronic blood-pressure cuff. The results were analyzed with a 2 (measurement: pre, post) × 2 (intervention: video game, mindfulness-meditation) mixed model analysis of variance (ANOVA) for each of the four outcome measures. There was a statistically significant reduction (pre- to post-intervention) across all outcome measures. Notably, there was a significant measurement × intervention interaction (p < .001) for the psychological stress measure; participants in the mindfulness-meditation group reported greater stress reduction after the intervention than participants in the video game group. Although these results suggest mindfulness-meditation provides a slight advantage for stress reduction than casual video games, the similarity in reduction across all physiological measures between the two interventions nevertheless suggests casual video games may also be an effective medium. This finding is especially promising given casual video games’ accessibility, ease of use, and popularity among students. These results may inform initiatives by colleges and universities to better support students during peak times of stress and especially during the current COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veeral Desai
- Bachelor of Health Sciences Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Arnav Gupta
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Lucas Andersen
- Psychology Department, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, La Crosse, USA
| | - Bailey Ronnestrand
- Psychology Department, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, La Crosse, USA
| | - Michael Wong
- Bachelor of Health Sciences Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Psychology Department, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, La Crosse, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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