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Buitrago-Rodríguez MY, Rangel N, Vega-Valderrama JD, Pulido-Medellín M, Rondón-Lagos M. Unraveling chromosomal and genotoxic damage in individuals occupationally exposed to coal from underground mining. Front Genet 2024; 15:1422938. [PMID: 39027885 PMCID: PMC11254797 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1422938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Coal mining is a vital sector in Colombia, contributing significantly to the nation's economy and the development of its regions. However, despite its importance, it has led to a gradual decline in the health of mine workers and nearby residents. While the adverse health effects of open-pit coal mining on exposed individuals have been well-documented in Colombia and globally, studies investigating genetic damage in underground coal miners are lacking. Methods The aim of our study was to evaluate chromosomal and genotoxic damage, in peripheral blood samples from a group of underground coal miners and residents of areas exposed to coal, in the town of Samacá, Boyacá-Colombia, and in a group of unexposed individuals by using banding and molecular cytogenetic techniques, as well as cytokinesis block micronucleus assays. Results Our results suggest that occupational exposure to coal induces chromosomal and genotoxic damage in somatic cells of underground coal miners. Chromosomal and genotoxic damage is an important step in carcinogenesis and the development of many other diseases. Our findings provide valuable insights into the effects of coal dust exposure on chromosomal integrity and genetic stability. Conclusion Our pilot study suggests that occupational exposure to coal induces chromosomal damage in underground coal miners, highlighting the importance of validating these findings with a larger sample size. Our results highlight the need to implement prevention and protection measures, as well as educational programs for underground coal miners. Characterizing and estimating exposure risks are extremely important for the safety of people exposed occupationally and environmentally to coal and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nelson Rangel
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan D. Vega-Valderrama
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Martín Pulido-Medellín
- Grupo de Investigación en Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Milena Rondón-Lagos
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
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Larionov A, Volobaev V, Zverev A, Vdovina E, Bach S, Schetnikova E, Leshukov T, Legoshchin K, Eremeeva G. Chemical Composition and Toxicity of PM 10 and PM 0.1 Samples near Open-Pit Mines and Coal Power Stations. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12071047. [PMID: 35888135 PMCID: PMC9323517 DOI: 10.3390/life12071047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) <10 μm in size represents an extremely heterogeneous and variable group of objects that can penetrate the human respiratory tract. The present study aimed to isolate samples of coarse and ultrafine PM at some distance from polluting industries (1−1.5 km from the border of open-cast mines). PM was collected from snow samples which allowed the accumulation of a relatively large amount of ultrafine particles (UFPs) (50−60 mg) from five objects: three open-cast mines, coal power plants, and control territories. The chemical composition of PM was examined using absorption spectroscopy, luminescence spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyses of solid particle material samples. Toxicity was assessed in human MRC-5 lung fibroblasts after 6 h of in vitro exposure to PM samples. The absorption spectra of all the samples contained a wide non-elementary absorption band with a maximum of 270 nm. This band is usually associated with the absorption of dissolved organic matter (DOM). The X-ray fluorescence spectra of all the studied samples showed intense lines of calcium and potassium and less intense lines of silicon, sulfur, chlorine, and titanium. The proliferation of MRC-5 cells that were exposed to PM0.1 samples was significantly (p < 0.01) lower than that of MRC-5 cells exposed to PM10 at the same concentration, except for PM samples obtained from the control point. PM0.1 samples—even those that were collected from control territories—showed increased genotoxicity (micronucleus, ‱) compared to PM10. The study findings suggest that UFPs deserve special attention as a biological agent, distinct from larger PMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey Larionov
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Institute of Biology, Ecology and Natural Resources, Kemerovo State University, 6 Krasnaya Street, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia; (V.V.); (E.V.); (S.B.); (E.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Valentin Volobaev
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Institute of Biology, Ecology and Natural Resources, Kemerovo State University, 6 Krasnaya Street, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia; (V.V.); (E.V.); (S.B.); (E.S.)
| | - Anton Zverev
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry, Institute of Fundamental Science, Kemerovo State University, 6 Krasnaya Street, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia; (A.Z.); (G.E.)
- Institute of Coal Chemistry and Chemical Materials Science, The Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry of SB RAS, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Evgeniya Vdovina
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Institute of Biology, Ecology and Natural Resources, Kemerovo State University, 6 Krasnaya Street, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia; (V.V.); (E.V.); (S.B.); (E.S.)
| | - Sebastian Bach
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Institute of Biology, Ecology and Natural Resources, Kemerovo State University, 6 Krasnaya Street, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia; (V.V.); (E.V.); (S.B.); (E.S.)
| | - Ekaterina Schetnikova
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Institute of Biology, Ecology and Natural Resources, Kemerovo State University, 6 Krasnaya Street, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia; (V.V.); (E.V.); (S.B.); (E.S.)
| | - Timofey Leshukov
- Department of Geology and Geography, Institute of Biology, Ecology and Natural Resources, Kemerovo State University, 6 Krasnaya Street, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia; (T.L.); (K.L.)
| | - Konstantin Legoshchin
- Department of Geology and Geography, Institute of Biology, Ecology and Natural Resources, Kemerovo State University, 6 Krasnaya Street, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia; (T.L.); (K.L.)
| | - Galina Eremeeva
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry, Institute of Fundamental Science, Kemerovo State University, 6 Krasnaya Street, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia; (A.Z.); (G.E.)
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Genetic damage in coal and uranium miners. Mutat Res 2021; 866:503348. [PMID: 33985692 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mining has a direct impact on the environment and on the health of miners and is considered one of the most hazardous occupations worldwide. Miners are exposed to several occupational health risks, including genotoxic substances, which may cause adverse health effects, such as cancer. This review summarizes the relation between DNA damage and mining activities, focusing on coal and uranium miners. The search was performed using electronic databases, including original surveys reporting genetic damage in miners. Additionally, a temporal bibliometric analysis was performed using an electronic database to create a map of cooccurrence terms. The majority of studies were performed with regard to occupational exposure to coal, whereas genetic damage was assessed mainly through chromosomal aberrations (CAs), micronuclei (MNs) and comet assays. The bibliometric analysis demonstrated associations of coal exposure with silicosis and pneumoconiosis, uranium miners with lung cancer and tumors and some associated factors, such as age, smoking, working time and exposure to radiation. Significantly higher DNA damage in miners compared to nonexposed groups was observed in most of the studies. The timeline reveals that classic biomarkers (comet assay, micronucleus test and chromosomal aberrations) are still important tools to assess genotoxic/mutagenic damage in occupationally exposed miners; however, newer studies concerning genetic polymorphisms and epigenetic changes in miners are being conducted. A major challenge is to investigate further associations between miners and DNA damage and to encourage further studies with miners of other types of ores.
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DNA damage assessment with buccal micronucleus cytome assay in Turkish coal miners. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2020; 70:283-289. [PMID: 32623860 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2019-70-3332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess DNA damage in Turkish coal miners with the buccal micronucleus cytome (BMCyt assay as the least invasive and therefore most practical method that may find wider application in coal miner biomonitoring. Buccal epithelial cell samples were taken from 54 coal miners and 42 controls from Zonguldak, Turkey to establish their micronucleus (MN), binucleus (BN), condensed chromatin (CC), karyorrhectic (KHC), karyolytic (KYL), nuclear bud (NBUD), and pyknotic (PYC) frequencies. We also analysed the effects of confounding factors such as age, years of work at the mine, smoking, alcohol drinking, and use of protective equipment on differences in MN frequencies. Two miners had confirmed and three suspect pneumoconiosis, whereas 49 displayed normal chest radiographs. MN, BN, KHC, and NBUD frequencies were significantly higher in coal miners than controls. Years of work at the mine also showed a significant effect on buccal MN frequencies in coal miners, but we found no correlation between MN frequencies and age, smoking, and alcohol consumption. In conclusion, BMCyt assay proved itself an accurate and practical screening method, as it can detect DNA damage much earlier than pneumoconiosis develops.
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Meyer AV, Tolochko TA, Minina VI, Timofeeva AA, Larionov AV. Complex Approach to Evaluating Genotoxicity from Occupational Factors in Coal Mining Industry. RUSS J GENET+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795420050105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Minina VI, Savchenko YA, Bakanova ML, Ryzhkova AV, Sokolova AO, Meyer AV, Tolochko TA, Voronina EN, Druzhinin VG, Glushkov AN. Chromosomal Instability and Genetic Polymorphism in Miners and Workers of Coal Thermal Power Plants. RUSS J GENET+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795420040079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Pedroso-Fidelis GDS, Farias HR, Mastella GA, Boufleur-Niekraszewicz LA, Dias JF, Alves MC, Silveira PCL, Nesi RT, Carvalho F, Zocche JJ, Pinho RA. Pulmonary oxidative stress in wild bats exposed to coal dust: A model to evaluate the impact of coal mining on health. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 191:110211. [PMID: 31978763 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to verify possible alterations involving histological and oxidative stress parameters in the lungs of wild bats in the Carboniferous Basin of Santa Catarina (CBSC) state, Southern Brazil, as a means to evaluate the impact of coal dust on the health of wildlife. Specimens of frugivorous bat species Artibeus lituratus and Sturnira lilium were collected from an area free of coal dust contamination and from coal mining areas. Chemical composition, histological parameters, synthesis of oxidants and antioxidant enzymes, and oxidative damage in the lungs of bats were analyzed. Levels of Na, Cl, Cu, and Br were higher in both species collected in the CBSC than in the controls. Levels of K and Rb were higher in A. lituratus, and levels of Si, Ca, and Fe were higher in S. lilium collected in the carboniferous basin. Both bat species inhabiting the CBSC areas exhibited an increase in the degree of pulmonary emphysema compared to their counterparts collected from control areas. Sturnira lilium showed increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (DCF) levels, while A. lituratus showed a significant decrease in nitrite levels in the CBSC samples. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity did not change significantly; however, the activity of catalase (CAT) and levels of glutathione (GSH) decreased in the A. lituratus group from CBSC compared to those in the controls. There were no differences in NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 protein (NQO1) abundance or nitrotyrosine expression among the different groups of bats. Total thiol levels showed a significant reduction in A. lituratus from CBSC, while the amount of malondialdehyde (MDA) was higher in both A. lituratus and S. lilium groups from coal mining areas. Our results suggested that bats, especially A. lituratus, living in the CBSC could be used as sentinel species for harmful effects of coal dust on the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Dos Santos Pedroso-Fidelis
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Hémelin Resende Farias
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Antunes Mastella
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Liana Appel Boufleur-Niekraszewicz
- Laboratório de Implantação Iônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Johnny Ferraz Dias
- Laboratório de Implantação Iônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcio Correa Alves
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Paisagem e de Vertebrados, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Renata Tiscoski Nesi
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernando Carvalho
- Laboratório de Zoologia e Ecologia de Vertebrados, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jairo José Zocche
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Paisagem e de Vertebrados, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Aurino Pinho
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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8
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Savchenko YA, Minina VI, Bakanova ML, Glushkov AN. Genotoxic and Carcinogenic Effects of Industrial Factors in Coal Mining and Coal-Processing Industry (Review). RUSS J GENET+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795419060140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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de Souza MR, Kahl VFS, Rohr P, Kvitko K, Cappetta M, Lopes WM, da Silva J. Shorter telomere length and DNA hypermethylation in peripheral blood cells of coal workers. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2018; 836:36-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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10
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Onder M, Demir Iroz B, Onder S. Using categorical data analyses in determination of dust-related occupational diseases in mining. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2018; 27:112-120. [PMID: 30281406 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2018.1531535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Dust-related occupational diseases are common in the mining sector. It is important to identify employees who have high potential for these diseases and to investigate the factors affecting disease formation. For this reason, dust and dust-related occupational diseases should be carefully investigated in mining operations. In this study, dust-related occupational diseases in an open-pit lignite mine were investigated. Firstly, dust measurements were performed and then a health check of all employees was implemented. The obtained data set was categorized by taking into account the occupation, age, experience and level of dust exposure of the employees. While the logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the probability of the diseases, a hierarchical loglinear model was established to investigate the factors in the occurrence of these diseases for those employees with the diseases. Therefore, the most important factors for the development of the diseases were determined by the hierarchical loglinear model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Onder
- Department of Mining Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Turkey
| | | | - Seyhan Onder
- Department of Mining Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Turkey
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Volobaev VP, Larionov AV, Kalyuzhnaya EE, Serdyukova ES, Yakovleva S, Druzhinin VG, Babich OO, Hill EG, Semenihin VA, Panev NI, Minina VI, Sivanesan SD, Naoghare P, da Silva J, Barcelos GRM, Prosekov AY. Associations of polymorphisms in the cytokine genes IL1β (rs16944), IL6 (rs1800795), IL12b (rs3212227) and growth factor VEGFA (rs2010963) with anthracosilicosis in coal miners in Russia and related genotoxic effects. Mutagenesis 2018; 33:129-135. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gex047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Valentin P Volobaev
- Department of Genetics, Kemerovo State University, Russian Federation
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Kemerovo State University, Russian Federation
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Olga O Babich
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Kemerovo State University, Russian Federation
| | - Elena G Hill
- Department of Occupational Pathology, Kemerovo Regional Clinical Hospital, Russian Federation
| | - Victor A Semenihin
- Department for Occupational Pathology, Regional Clinical Center of Miners’ Health, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay I Panev
- Research Institute for Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, Russian Federation
| | - Varvara I Minina
- The Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Russian Federation
| | | | - Pravin Naoghare
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India
| | - Juliana da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Post-Graduation Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Brazil
| | - Gustavo R M Barcelos
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Da Silva Pinto EA, Garcia EM, de Almeida KA, Fernandes CFL, Tavella RA, Soares MCF, Baisch PRM, Muccillo-Baisch AL, da Silva Júnior FMR. Genotoxicity in adult residents in mineral coal region-a cross-sectional study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:16806-16814. [PMID: 28567685 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9312-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study assessed the DNA damage in environmentally exposed volunteers living in seven municipalities in an industrial coal region, through the use of the comet assay with blood cells and the micronucleus test with buccal cells. Blood and buccal smears were collected from 320 male volunteers living in seven cities inserted in a coal region. They were ages of 18 and 50 years and also completed a questionnaire intended to identify factors associated with DNA damage through a Poisson regression analysis. The comet assay detected significant differences in DNA damage in volunteers from different municipalities, and neighboring cities (Pedras Altas, Aceguá, and Hulha Negra) had a higher level of DNA damage in relation to control city. Some of the risk factors associated with identified DNA lesions included residence time and life habits. On the other hand, the micronucleus test did not identify differences between the cities studied, but the regression analysis identified risk factors such as age and life habits (consumption of mate tea and low carbohydrates diet). We conclude that there are differences in the DNA damage of volunteers from different cities of the carboniferous region, but the presence of micronuclei in the oral mucosa does not differ between the same cities. Furthermore, we alert that some related factors may increase the risk of genotoxicity, such as residence location and time, and living and food habits. Finally, we suggest the need for continuous biomonitoring of the population, as well as for investing in health promotion in these vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edlaine Acosta Da Silva Pinto
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália, km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rua Visconde de Paranaguá 102 Centro, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Edariane Menestrino Garcia
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália, km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rua Visconde de Paranaguá 102 Centro, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Krissia Aparecida de Almeida
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália, km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Caroline Feijó Lopes Fernandes
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália, km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rua Visconde de Paranaguá 102 Centro, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Ronan Adler Tavella
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália, km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rua Visconde de Paranaguá 102 Centro, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Flores Soares
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália, km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rua Visconde de Paranaguá 102 Centro, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Martins Baisch
- Laboratório de Oceanografia Geológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - FURG, Av. Itália, km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96201-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Luíza Muccillo-Baisch
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália, km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rua Visconde de Paranaguá 102 Centro, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Flavio Manoel Rodrigues da Silva Júnior
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália, km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rua Visconde de Paranaguá 102 Centro, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
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León-Mejía G, Silva LFO, Civeira MS, Oliveira MLS, Machado M, Villela IV, Hartmann A, Premoli S, Corrêa DS, Da Silva J, Henriques JAP. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by coal and coal fly ash particles samples in V79 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:24019-24031. [PMID: 27638803 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7623-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to coal and coal ashes can cause harmful effects in in vitro and in vivo systems, mainly by the induction of oxidative damage. The aim of this work was to assess cytotoxic and genotoxic effects using the V79 cell line treated with coal and coal fly ash particles derived from a coal power plant located in Santa Catarina, Brazil. Two coal samples (COAL11 and COAL16) and two coal fly ash samples (CFA11 and CFA16) were included in this study. COAL16 was co-firing with a mixture of fuel oil and diesel oil. The comet assay data showed that exposure of V79 cells to coal and coal fly ash particles induced primary DNA lesions. Application of lesion-specific endonucleases (FPG and ENDO III) demonstrated increased DNA effects indicating the presence of high amounts of oxidative DNA lesions. The cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay analysis showed that exposure of V79 cells to high concentrations of coal and coal fly ash particles induced cytotoxic effects (apoptosis and necrosis) and chromosomal instability (nucleoplasmic bridges, nuclear buds, and micronucleus (MN) formation). These results may be associated with compounds contained in the surface of the particles as hazardous elements, ultrafine/nanoparticles, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which were detected in the samples. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grethel León-Mejía
- Departamento de Biofísica, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Unidad de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Genética y Biología Molecular, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia.
| | - Luis F O Silva
- Research group in Environmental Management and Sustainability, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, Colombia
- Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Pró-Reitoria de Ensino, de Pesquisa e de Extensão, UNISUL -Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina Pedra Branca, Palhoça, SC, 88137900, Brazil
| | - Matheus S Civeira
- Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Pró-Reitoria de Ensino, de Pesquisa e de Extensão, UNISUL -Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina Pedra Branca, Palhoça, SC, 88137900, Brazil
| | - Marcos L S Oliveira
- Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Pró-Reitoria de Ensino, de Pesquisa e de Extensão, UNISUL -Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina Pedra Branca, Palhoça, SC, 88137900, Brazil
| | - Miriana Machado
- InnVitro Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Suziane Premoli
- Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Dione Silva Corrêa
- Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Da Silva
- Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - João Antônio Pêgas Henriques
- Departamento de Biofísica, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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da Silva J. DNA damage induced by occupational and environmental exposure to miscellaneous chemicals. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2016; 770:170-182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Sinitsky MY, Minina VI, Gafarov NI, Asanov MA, Larionov AV, Ponasenko AV, Volobaev VP, Druzhinin VG. Assessment of DNA damage in underground coal miners using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Mutagenesis 2016; 31:669-675. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gew038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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16
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Cytotoxicity, Genotoxicity, and Phytotoxicity of Tannery Effluent Discharged into Palar River Basin, Tamil Nadu, India. J Toxicol 2015; 2015:504360. [PMID: 26839546 PMCID: PMC4709700 DOI: 10.1155/2015/504360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ambur, a town located on the banks of Palar River, is considered one of the most polluted areas in India and occupied by hundreds of tanneries and leather product units. The present study was designed to evaluate the toxic effect of discharged tannery effluent (TE) on model agricultural crops, ecofriendly microorganisms, and human blood cells. The phytotoxic effects of TE tested on Allium cepa and Lemna minor revealed inhibition of root growth and significant reduction in number of fronds, protein, and chlorophyll content. Moreover, TE induced chlorosis and tissue necrosis in Nostoc muscorum at low concentration (10%). TE has also negative impact on ecofriendly microorganisms, Bacillus thuringiensis, Rhizobium etli, and Aspergillus terreus which play an important role in the nutrition of plant growth. The genotoxicity of TE was investigated in human leukocytes which showed interference with normal mitotic division with subsequent cell lysis. It also intervened with the normal replication process and induced micronucleus formation in the healthy leukocyte. 5% concentration of TE has been revealed to be toxic to erythrocytes. From this study TE found in the Palar River of Ambur has adverse effects on all the three levels of organisms in ecosystem even at lower concentrations.
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Volobaev VP, Sinitsky MY, Larionov AV, Druzhinin VG, Gafarov NI, Minina VI, Kulemin JE. Modifying influence of occupational inflammatory diseases on the level of chromosome aberrations in coal miners. Mutagenesis 2015; 31:225-9. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gev080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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18
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Evaluation of Possible Genotoxic Activity of Dirithromycin in Cultured Human Lymphocytes. J Toxicol 2015; 2015:535490. [PMID: 26576152 PMCID: PMC4631994 DOI: 10.1155/2015/535490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dirithromycin antibiotic is a 14-membered lactone ring macrolide and is widely used in medicine to treat many different types of bacterial infections. In the present study, the possible genotoxicity of dirithromycin was evaluated in cultured human lymphocytes by using sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), chromosome aberration (CA), and micronucleus (MN) tests and also cell proliferation kinetics such as mitotic index (MI), replication index (RI), and nuclear division index (NDI) were analyzed for cytotoxicity. Cell cultures were treated with four different concentrations of dirithromycin (37.75, 67.50, 125, and 250 µg/mL) for 24 and 48 h periods. Dirithromycin significantly induced SCE and MN frequency at all concentrations in both 24 and 48 h treated cells. In addition, CA level has been markedly increased in the cells treated with almost all concentrations of dirithromycin for 24 (except 37.75 µg/mL) and 48 h treatment periods as compared to control. However, MI, RI, and NDI values were not affected by the dirithromycin treatment (p > 0.05). The results of this study indicated that dirithromycin treatment caused genetic damage by increasing the level of cytogenetic endpoints, suggesting its genotoxic and mutagenic action on human lymphocytes in vitro.
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Mesic A, Nefic H. Assessment of the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in environmentally exposed human populations to heavy metals using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:1331-1342. [PMID: 24861359 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMN-Cyt) assay was developed as a system for evaluating DNA damage, cytostasis, and cytotoxicity. The aim of the present study was to estimate levels of micronuclei (MNi), nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs), nuclear buds (NBUDs), cell death (apoptosis/necrosis), nuclear division index, and nuclear division cytotoxicity index values in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of environmentally exposed subjects to heavy metals from five Bosnian regions, characterized by different exposure to heavy metals. The study was performed using CBMN-Cyt assay, considering factors, such as age, gender and smoking habits and their possible effects on analyzed parameters. In total, 104 healthy subjects were selected (49.04% females and 50.96% males; average age, 35.41 years; 51.92% smokers and 48.08% nonsmokers). There was significant difference between the frequency of NBUDs in Tuzla as compared to the control group. Furthermore, there was observed a statistically significant difference for the frequency of NPBs between Zenica, Olovo, and Kakanj when compared with the controls. Males showed a significantly higher number of apoptotic cells than females in controls. There were significant differences between smokers and nonsmokers in the frequency of NPBs in controls (higher in nonsmokers) and necrotic cells in Olovo (higher in nonsmokers). The pack years of smoking significantly influenced the number of necrotic cells in controls and the frequency of NBUDs in the overall sample. The results of the present study provide evidence of significantly increased frequency of NPBs and NBUDs in exposed subjects, suggesting that these endpoints are highly sensitive markers for measuring genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aner Mesic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Hilada Nefic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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20
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de Campos Júnior EO, Pereira BB, Morelli S, Pavanin EV, Pavanin LA. Biological monitoring and B chromosome frequency in Bagre (Rhamdia quelen) in southeast Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 38:510-517. [PMID: 25168153 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The genus Rhamdia presents B chromosomes which appear to be present in most species of the genus and thus represent an important characteristic in the evolutionary process. Furthermore, variations in environmental conditions can induce the presence of B chromosomes generated by alterations in the cell cycle, due to the interference from pollutants. The present study aimed to evaluate the cytogenetic aspects of individuals of a population of Rhamdia quelen collected in three areas with differing standards of water quality in the River Uberabinha, a region of the County of Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The Piscine Micronucleus Test results indicate significant genotoxic and cytotoxic potential at the sampling Sites. The chromosome count yielded the modal number 2n=58 with variance between zero and seven B chromosomes. The highest frequency of B chromosomes and the presence of karyotypes with seven supernumerary chromosomes occurred at Site 3, referring, thus, to the location of the highest genotoxic potential. There was a positive correlation between the presence of B chromosomes and the reduction in environmental quality. Therefore, the process of bioaccumulation of heavy metals in aquatic environments may be crucial to determine the presence of B chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edimar Olegário de Campos Júnior
- Federal University of Uberlândia-UFU, Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Umuarama Campus, CEP 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
| | - Boscolli Barbosa Pereira
- Federal University of Uberlândia-UFU, Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Umuarama Campus, CEP 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Sandra Morelli
- Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Biology, Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Campus Umuarama, CEP 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Erich Vectore Pavanin
- Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Geography, Department of Geography, Campus Santa Mônica, CEP 38405-000 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alfredo Pavanin
- Federal University of São Paulo-USP, Institute of Chemistry Department of Chemistry, Campus Santa Mônica, CEP 38405-000 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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21
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León-Mejía G, Quintana M, Debastiani R, Dias J, Espitia-Pérez L, Hartmann A, Henriques JAP, Da Silva J. Genetic damage in coal miners evaluated by buccal micronucleus cytome assay. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 107:133-139. [PMID: 24927390 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
During coal mining activities, large quantities of coal dust, ashes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metals are released into the environment. This complex mixture presents one of the most important occupational hazards for health of workers. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic damage together with the presence of inorganic elements, in an exposed workers population to coal mining residues of Guajira-Colombia. Thus, 100 exposed workers and 100 non-exposed control individuals were included in this study. To determine genetic damage we assessed the micronucleus (MN) frequencies and nuclear buds in buccal mucosa samples (BMCyt) assay, which were significantly higher in the exposed group than non-exposed control group. In addition, karyorrhectic and karyolytic cells were also significantly higher in the exposed group (cell death). No significant difference was observed between the exposed groups engaged in different mining activities. No correlation between age, alcohol consumption, time of service and MN assay data were found in this study. However, the content of inorganic elements in blood samples analyzed by a Particle-induced X-ray emission technique (PIXE) showed higher values of silicon (Si) and aluminum (Al) in the exposed group. In this study we discuss the possibility of DNA damage observed in the mine workers cells be a consequence of oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grethel León-Mejía
- Departamento de Biofísica, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
| | - Milton Quintana
- Unidad de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Genética y Biología Molecular, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Rafaela Debastiani
- Laboratório de Implantação Iônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Johnny Dias
- Laboratório de Implantação Iônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Lyda Espitia-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Investigación Biomédica y Biología Molecular, Universidad del Sinú, Montería, Colombia
| | | | - João Antônio Pêgas Henriques
- Departamento de Biofísica, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil; Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil.
| | - Juliana Da Silva
- Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas-RS, Brasil
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Sinitsky MY. The Cytokinesis-Block Micronucleus Assay on Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes as a Prospective Biological Test-System to Estimate the Influence of Radon on the Human Organism: Recent Progress and Future Prospects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/ojgen.2014.41001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Rohr P, Kvitko K, da Silva FR, Menezes APS, Porto C, Sarmento M, Decker N, Reyes JM, Allgayer MDC, Furtado TC, Salvador M, Branco C, da Silva J. Genetic and oxidative damage of peripheral blood lymphocytes in workers with occupational exposure to coal. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2013; 758:23-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Meenakshi C, Mohankumar MN. Synergistic effect of radon in blood cells of smokers – An in vitro study. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2013; 757:79-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2013.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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25
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Rohr P, da Silva J, da Silva FR, Sarmento M, Porto C, Debastiani R, Dos Santos CEI, Dias JF, Kvitko K. Evaluation of genetic damage in open-cast coal mine workers using the buccal micronucleus cytome assay. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2013; 54:65-71. [PMID: 23055270 DOI: 10.1002/em.21744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Coal is the largest fossil fuel source used for the generation of energy. However, coal extraction and its use constitute important pollution factors; thus, risk characterization and estimation are extremely important for the safety of coal workers and the environment. Candiota is located to the southeast of the state of Rio Grande do Sul and has the largest coal reserves in Brazil, and the largest thermal power complex in the state. In the open-cast mines, the coal miners are constantly exposed to coal dust. The human buccal micronucleus cytome (BMCyt) assay has been used widely to investigate biomarkers for DNA damage, cell death, and basal cell frequency in buccal cells. The aim of this study was to assess whether prolonged exposure to coal dust could lead to an increase in genomic instability, cell death, and frequency of basal cells using the BMCyt assay. In the analysis of epithelial cells, the exposed group (n = 41) presented with a significantly higher frequency of basal cells, micronuclei in basal and differentiated cells, and binucleated cells compared to the non-exposed group (n = 29). The exposed group showed a significantly lower frequency of condensed chromatin cells than the non-exposed group. However, we found no correlation between DNA damage and metal concentration in the blood of mine workers. DNA damage observed in the mine workers may be a consequence of oxidative damage resulting from exposure to coal residue mixtures. In addition, our findings confirm that the BMCyt assay can be used to identify occupational risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Rohr
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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26
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Kvitko K, Bandinelli E, Henriques JAP, Heuser VD, Rohr P, da Silva FR, Schneider NB, Fernandes S, Ancines C, da Silva J. Susceptibility to DNA damage in workers occupationally exposed to pesticides, to tannery chemicals and to coal dust during mining. Genet Mol Biol 2012; 35:1060-8. [PMID: 23413045 PMCID: PMC3571421 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572012000600022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Our mutagenesis group has been studying with important economic drivers of our state, such as agriculture, the foot-wear and leather industry and open-cast coal mining. Working conditions in these sectors have potentially harmful to humans. The aim of these studies is to determine the health risk of workers by biomonitoring subjects exposed to genotoxic agents. The main results of our studies with vineyard farmers we observed a high rate of MN and DNA damage in individuals exposed to pesticides (p < 0.001). In addition, some effects of genetic polymorphisms in the modulation of MN results were observed in this group. Tobacco farmers were also evaluated at different crop times. The results showed a significant increase in the Damage index and frequency in tobacco farmers compared to the non-exposed group, for all crop times. The results for footwear and tannery workers showed a significant increase in the mean ID for the solvent-based adhesive (p < 0.001) group in comparison to the water-based adhesive group and control (p < 0.05). For open-cast coal mine workers, the EBCyt indicated a significant increase in nuclear bud frequency and cytokinetic defects in the exposed group compared to the non-exposed group (p < 0.0001). We were able to associate specific genetic susceptibility with each type of exposure and with the non-use or improper use of personal protection equipment and diet adequacy. These results show how important the continuous education of exposed workers is to minimizing the effect of the occupational exposure and the risk of disease associated with the work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Kvitko
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Cabarcas-Montalvo M, Olivero-Verbel J, Corrales-Aldana H. Genotoxic effects in blood cells of Mus musculus and Iguana iguana living near coal mining areas in Colombia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2012; 416:208-214. [PMID: 22221870 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.11.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Coal is a mixture of chemicals with the capacity of promoting biochemical changes that may lead to DNA damage. In this study, the comet assay in peripheral blood cells, and the micronucleus test in blood smears were used to evaluate potential genotoxic effects derived from exposure to coal mining activities on wild populations of Mus musculus and Iguana iguana. Four locations from Colombia were evaluated: La Loma and La Jagua de Ibirico, two municipalities located near coal mining fields at the Department of Cesar; and Valledupar and Arjona, cities used as reference sites, both localized at least 100 and 200km far from the mines, respectively. Compared to Valledupar and Arjona, animals collected in close proximity to coal mining areas showed highest percentages of DNA damage for both species, evidencing that living around coal mining fields may result in an increase of DNA lesions in blood cells of rodents and reptiles. The results for micronucleus test were conflicting. Mice from Arjona had greater number of cells with micronucleus than those from the other studied locations, probably as a result of infection found by blood parasites. In summary, it was demonstrated that animals living around coal mining areas have a greater chance of having DNA damage, as measured by the comet assay, than those from sites far from the coal dust source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cabarcas-Montalvo
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
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AlSuhaibani ES. Chromosomal aberration analysis among underground water well workers in Saudi Arabia. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2011; 144:651-654. [PMID: 21075761 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncq348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In the absence of permanent rivers or bodies of water, half of the Saudi Arabia domestic water consumption is provided through desalination. The other half is derived from groundwater. Groundwater from the Disi aquifer is already used for drinking water in parts of Jordan and, more extensively, in Saudi Arabia, where it is known as the Saq aquifer. Some of the geological analyses of the host sandstone aquifer rocks show (228)Ra and (226)Ra. The usefulness of chromosomal aberrations analysis as a bioindicator for ionising radiation effect was tested in underground water well workers of Saudi Arabia in this industry producing technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive material. The incidence of chromosomal aberrations was evaluated using the metaphase analysis method in the lymphocytes of peripheral blood of 10 persons working in underground water well. The age range of the workers was 25-40 y and their duration of service ranged from 3-7 y. For comparison, blood samples were also collected from 10 subjects (controls) who belonged to same age and socioeconomic status. Subjects in the both groups were non-smokers and non-alcoholics. Results showed that the mean frequencies of dicentrics and acentrics in underground water well workers are significantly higher than those in controls. The higher frequency of chromosomal aberration in lymphocytes of underground water well workers compared with controls could be due to the accumulative effect of radiation. The results of this study demonstrated that occupational exposure to radiation leads to a significant induction of cytogenetic damage in peripheral lymphocytes of workers engaged in underground water well.
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León-Mejía G, Espitia-Pérez L, Hoyos-Giraldo LS, Da Silva J, Hartmann A, Henriques JAP, Quintana M. Assessment of DNA damage in coal open-cast mining workers using the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus test and the comet assay. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2011; 409:686-691. [PMID: 21215992 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2010] [Revised: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 10/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Coal mining is one of the most important causes of environmental pollution, as large quantities of coal dust particles are emitted. Colombia-South America has large natural coal reserves and "El Cerrejón" is the world's largest open-cast mine located in the northern department of Guajira. The aim of the present study was to evaluate genotoxic effects in a population exposed to coal residues from the open-cast mine "El Cerrejón". 100 exposed workers and 100 non-exposed control individuals were included in this study. The exposed group was divided according to different mining area activities: (i). Transport of extracted coal, (ii). Equipment field maintenance, (iii). Coal stripping and, (iv). Coal embarking. Blood samples were taken to investigate biomarkers of genotoxicity, specifically, primary DNA damage as damage index (DI), tail length and% of tail DNA using the Comet assay (alkaline version) and chromosome damage as micronucleus (MN) frequency in lymphocytes. Both biomarkers showed statistically significantly higher values in the exposed group compared to the non-exposed control group. No difference was observed between the exposed groups executing different mining activities. These results indicate that exposure to coal mining residues may result in an increased genotoxic exposure in coal mining workers. We did not find a correlation between age, alcohol consumption and service time with the biomarkers of genotoxicity. Our results are the first data of genotoxic effects induced by coal mining exposure in Colombia, and thus, contribute to the exploration of test batteries use for monitoring of exposed populations and may stimulate designing control, hygiene and prevention strategies for occupational health risk assessment in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grethel León-Mejía
- Laboratorio de Investigación Biomédica y Biología Molecular, Universidad del Sinú, Montería, Córdoba, Colombia
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Possamai FP, Júnior SÁ, Parisotto EB, Moratelli AM, Inácio DB, Garlet TR, Dal-Pizzol F, Filho DW. Antioxidant intervention compensates oxidative stress in blood of subjects exposed to emissions from a coal electric-power plant in South Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2010; 30:175-180. [PMID: 21787649 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2010.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2009] [Revised: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the process of energy generation, particulate matter (PM) emissions derived from coal combustion expose humans to serious occupational diseases, which are associated with overgeneration of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The purpose of the present study is to better understand the relations between PM exposure derived from a coal electric-power plant and the oxidative damage in subjects (n=20 each group) directly (working at the burning area) or indirectly (working at the office or living in the vicinity of the electric-power plant=group of residents) exposed to airborne contamination, before and after daily supplementation with vitamins C (500mg) and E (800mg) during six months, which were compared to non-exposed subjects (control group). Several biomarkers of oxidative stress were examined such as levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyls (PC), protein thiols (PT) and vitamin E in plasma, levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) in whole blood, and of activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in red cells. Before supplementation, TBARS and PC levels were significantly increased, levels of GSH and vitamin E were decreased, while the activities of SOD and CAT were increased in workers groups and GST were increased in all groups in compared to controls. After the antioxidant supplementation essentially all these biomarkers were normalized to control levels. The antioxidant intervention was able to confer a protective effect of vitamins C and E against the oxidative insult associated with airborne contamination derived from coal burning of an electric-power plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabricio Pagani Possamai
- Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Cidade Universitária, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Brazil; Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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Diler SB, Ergene S. Nuclear anomalies in the buccal cells of calcite factory workers. Genet Mol Biol 2010; 33:374-8. [PMID: 21637497 PMCID: PMC3036877 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572010005000021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Accepted: 10/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The micronucleus (MN) assay on exfoliated buccal cells is a useful and minimally invasive method for monitoring genetic damage in humans. To determine the genotoxic effects of calcite dust that forms during processing, MN assay was carried out in exfoliated buccal cells of 50 (25 smokers and 25 non-smokers) calcite factory workers and 50 (25 smokers and 25 non-smokers) age- and sex-matched control subjects. Frequencies of nuclear abnormalities (NA) other than micronuclei, such as binucleates, karyorrhexis, karyolysis and 'broken eggs', were also evaluated. Micronuclei and the other aforementioned anomalies were analysed by two way analysis of covariance. The linear correlations between the types of micronucleus and nuclear abnormalities were determined by Spearman's Rho. There was a positive correlation between micronuclei and other types of nuclear abnormalities in accordance with the Spearman's Rho test. Results showed statistically significant difference between calcite fabric workers and control groups. MN and NA frequencies in calcite fabric workers were significantly higher than those in control groups (p < 0.05). The results of this study indicate that calcite fabric workers are under risk of significant cytogenetic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Serap Ergene
- University of Mersin, Science and Letters, MersinTurkey
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32
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Genotoxicity surveillance programme in workers dismantling World War I chemical ammunition. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2010; 83:483-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00420-010-0526-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2009] [Accepted: 02/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Freitas TP, Heuser VD, Tavares P, Leffa DD, da Silva GA, Citadini-Zanette V, Romão PR, Pinho RA, Streck EL, Andrade VM. Genotoxic Evaluation of Mikania laevigata Extract on DNA Damage Caused by Acute Coal Dust Exposure. J Med Food 2009; 12:654-60. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2008.0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago P. Freitas
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Vanina D. Heuser
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Biochemical Toxicology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Priscila Tavares
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Mutagênese, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniela D. Leffa
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Mutagênese, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gabriela A. da Silva
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Mutagênese, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Vanilde Citadini-Zanette
- Herbário Pe. Dr. Raulino Reitz, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Pedro R.T. Romão
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Mutagênese, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ricardo A. Pinho
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica do Exercício, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Emilio L. Streck
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M. Andrade
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Mutagênese, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Onder M, Onder S. Evaluation of occupational exposures to respirable dust in underground coal mines. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2009; 47:43-9. [PMID: 19218756 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.47.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Dust can be produced by almost all mining operations in underground coal mines and seen all around the mine. Different occupational groups get exposed to different dust levels and in order to minimize the probability of developing coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP), it is necessary to investigate the workers exposed to dust. This study aimed to evaluate the dust concentration conditions in underground coal mines and also the occupational health risks associated with exposures to respirable dust. The data obtained from the dust measurement studies conducted in various underground coal mines between the years 1978-2006 was evaluated by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey-Kramer procedure. In the statistical analyses, the comparison of dustiness between mines and their mining regions were made by using the average dust concentration values. In addition, the numbers of workers with doubtful pneumoconiosis diagnosis were evaluated according to the occupational job category by using the number of the workers with the job illness. It was concluded that the production regions have the higher dust concentration levels and the CWP is mostly diagnosed in the workers working in production regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Onder
- Department of Mining Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Pimenta VMSD, Nepomuceno JC, Pavanin LA. Genotoxicity of water from the Paraguay River near Cáceres-MT, Brazil in the Drosophila wing-spot test. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2008; 49:458-466. [PMID: 18536053 DOI: 10.1002/em.20404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The genotoxic activity of surface water samples from four sites along the Paraguay River, near Cáceres, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, was investigated using the Drosophila melanogaster Somatic Mutation and Recombination test (SMART). Effluents from sanitary sewers and agroindustrial effluents (residual effluents from slaughterhouses, leather tanneries, and dairies) flow into the Paraguay River, and directly or indirectly contaminate water from sampling sites 1-3. Site 4 was an upriver reference site that received no domestic or agroindustrial discharges. Water was collected at 4 time periods: September 2003 and August 2004 (periods of low water or drought); and April 2004 and March 2005 (periods of high water or flood). Chromium concentrations above statutory limits were detected at sites 1-3 (August 2004), and sites 1, 2 and 4 (March 2005). Sulfur compounds were also detected at sites 1-3. The SMART performed using standard (ST) cross flies detected genotoxic responses in only two samples, the August 2004 site 1 sample and the March 2005 site 2 sample. Many more samples were positive using high bioactivation (HB) cross flies: site 1 (all collection periods), site 2 (September 2003 and April 2004), and site 3 (September 2003 and August 2004). Mutant frequency comparisons between marker-heterozygous and balancer-heterozygous flies from the HB cross indicated that the positive genotoxic responses for the site 2 (April 2004) and site 3 (September 2003) samples were due mainly to mitotic recombination. Our findings indicate that the section of the Paraguay River within the urban perimeter of Cáceres is contaminated with genotoxic agents.
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Ulker OC, Ustundag A, Duydu Y, Yucesoy B, Karakaya A. Cytogenetic monitoring of coal workers and patients with coal workers' pneumoconiosis in Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2008; 49:232-237. [PMID: 18288720 DOI: 10.1002/em.20377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Occupational exposure to coal dust causes coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP), which is a chronic inflammatory and fibrotic lung disease. Recently, chronic inflammation has been accepted as a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of neoplasia. The chronic inflammation provides dynamic setting for oxidative stress and formation of free radicals. Interaction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with DNA augments the likelihood of DNA structural and transcriptional errors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the genotoxic risk in pneumoconiotic patients and in those with occupational exposure to coal dust. Therefore, sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and micronucleus (MN) tests were performed in Turkish CWP patients, coal workers, and an unexposed control group. Both SCE and MN frequencies in CWP patients were found significantly higher than in coal worker and unexposed groups. There were no differences between SCE and MN frequencies of coal worker and unexposed groups. On the other hand, no correlation between SCE frequency, duration of exposure, and age was observed in all three groups. There was also no effect of smoking on the frequencies of SCE and MN in the groups. Based on these results, it might be suggested that development of CWP leads to a significant induction of cytogenetic damage in peripheral lymphocytes of CWP patients. This is the first report on CWP patients with elevated cytogenetic endpoints. Further, a larger follow-up study is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Cemiloglu Ulker
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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A survey on the cytogenetic status of the Croatian general population by use of the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2008; 649:91-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2007.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2007] [Revised: 07/09/2007] [Accepted: 08/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Turer D, Nefeslioglu HA, Zorlu K, Gokceoglu C. Assessment of geo-environmental problems of the Zonguldak province (NW Turkey). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00254-007-1049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Dönbak L, Celik M, Demirhan I, Nagas S. Genotoxic damage in Maras powder consumers from Kahramanmaras province of Turkey. RUSS J GENET+ 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795407050055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Celik M, Donbak L, Unal F, Yüzbasioglu D, Aksoy H, Yilmaz S. Cytogenetic damage in workers from a coal-fired power plant. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2007; 627:158-63. [PMID: 17178253 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2006.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2006] [Revised: 10/21/2006] [Accepted: 11/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxic risk to workers occupationally exposed to coal combustion products in Afsin-Elbistan A power plant, located in south-eastern Turkey. We analysed chromosomal aberrations (CAs), polyploidy, sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs), and micronuclei (MN) in 48 male workers without a history of smoking, tobacco chewing, or alcohol consumption. The results were compared with a control group of 30 healthy male individuals without exposure to any known genotoxic agents. The mean frequencies of CA, polyploidy, SCEs (P<0.01), and MN (P<0.05) were significantly higher in workers than in the control group, by the Mann-Whitney U-test. Spearman's rho correlation analysis revealed a significant increase in the frequency of CA and MN with increasing years of exposure (P<0.05). However, there was no significant effect of age on the cytogenetic markers analysed in both groups (P>0.05). The data obtained from this study clearly showed chromosomal hazard in the peripheral lymphocytes of workers exposed to coal combustion products in Afsin-Elbistan A power plant for several years. This cytogenetic damage might be attributed to the cumulative effects of several substances due to chemical complexity of the coal ash and gaseous emissions rather than a specific substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Celik
- University of Kahramanmaras Sütcü Imam, Science and Arts Faculty, Department of Biology, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
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Santa Maria SR, Arana M, Ramirez O. Chromosomal aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes from male native miners working in the Peruvian Andes. Genet Mol Biol 2007. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572007000600017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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43
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Part 2. Environmental Factors And Individual Features In System Of Evaluation Of Human Genome Instability. Additional Capability Of The Test The Technique For Cytogenetic Analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.17816/ecogen4438-54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The publication is the 2-nd and the last part of the review analyzing modern trends of the researches in micronuclear test on human blood lymphocytes, cultivated with cytochalasin B. using data of literature and own results the opportunities of application of the test for study association between parameters of genome instability and genetic polymorphism, adaptive response to gamma-irradiation and emotional stress expression are considered. The analysis of additional capability of the test - frequencies of cells with nuclear buds and nucleoplasmic bridge are presents. Finally, results of the international researches on harmonization of the data of the test and guidelines for evaluation genotoxicity of chemical compounds in vitro are described.
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