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Gandhi VV, Pal MK, Singh BG, Das RP, Wadawale AP, Dey S, Kunwar A. Deuterium labeling improves the therapeutic index of 3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid as an anticancer agent: insights from redox reactions. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:2165-2178. [PMID: 38911162 PMCID: PMC11187547 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00105b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
3,3'-Diselenodipropionic acid (DSePA), a selenocystine derivative, has been previously reported as an oral supplement for anticancer/radio-modulation activities. The present study is focused on devising a strategy to synthesize and characterize the deuterated derivative of DSePA and on understanding the effect of deuteration on its therapeutic index by comparing its cytotoxicity in cancerous versus non-cancerous cell types. In this context, the synthesis of 3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid-D8 (D-DSePA) was accomplished in ∼42% yield. Further, the results clearly established that the deuteration of DSePA significantly reduced its cytotoxicity in non-cancerous cell types while retaining its cytotoxicity in cancerous cell lines. Together, D-DSePA displayed a ∼5-fold higher therapeutic index than the non-deuterated derivative for anticancer activity. The biochemical and NMR studies confirmed that the better biocompatibility of D-DSePA than its non-deuterated derivative in non-cancerous cells was due to its ability to undergo slower redox reactions and to cause lesser inhibition of intracellular redox enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Gandhi
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai - 400085 India 91 22 25505151 91 22 25592352/25595399
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400 094 India
| | - M K Pal
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai - 400085 India 91 22 25592589
| | - B G Singh
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai - 400085 India 91 22 25505151 91 22 25592352/25595399
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400 094 India
| | - R P Das
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai - 400085 India 91 22 25505151 91 22 25592352/25595399
| | - A P Wadawale
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai - 400085 India 91 22 25592589
| | - S Dey
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai - 400085 India 91 22 25592589
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400 094 India
| | - A Kunwar
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai - 400085 India 91 22 25505151 91 22 25592352/25595399
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400 094 India
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2
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Gandhi VV, Gandhi KA, Goda JS, Kumbhare LB, Gota V, Kunwar A. Post-radiation treatment of 3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid augments cell kill by modulating DNA repair and cell migration pathways in A549 cells. IUBMB Life 2023; 75:811-829. [PMID: 37072689 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Aim of the present study was to test whether ionizing radiation (IR) treatment along with 3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid (DSePA), a redox active organodiselenide achieved better tumor control by suppressing the growth and migration of lung cancer cells. The results indicated that post-IR (2 Gy) treatment of DSePA (5 μM) led to a significantly higher cell death as compared to that of DSePA and IR treatments separately. Importantly, combinatorial treatment also showed reduction in the proportion of cancer stem cells and the clonogenic survival of A549 cells. The mechanistic studies indicated that combinatorial treatment although exhibited reductive environment (marked by decrease in ROS and increase of GSH/GSSG) at early time points (2-6 h postradiation), slowed DNA repair, inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)/cell migration and induced significant level of apoptosis. DSePA mediated suppression of ATM/DNAPKs/p53 (DNA damage response signaling) and Akt/G-CSF (EMT) pathways appeared to be the major mechanism responsible for its radio-modulating activity. Finally, the combined treatment of IR (2 Gy × 4) and DSePA (0.1-0.25 mg/kg body weight daily through oral gavage) showed a significantly higher tumor suppression of the A549 xenograft as compared to that of DSePA and IR treatments separately in the mouse model. In conclusion, post-IR treatment of DSePA augmented cell kill by inhibiting DNA repair and cell migration in A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishwa Vipulkumar Gandhi
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Khushboo Atulkumar Gandhi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jayant Sastri Goda
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Vikram Gota
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amit Kunwar
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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3
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Vijayalakshmi J, Chaurasia RK, Srinivas KS, Vijayalakshmi K, Paul SF, Bhat N, Sapra B. Establishment of ex vivo calibration curve for X-ray induced "dicentric + ring" and micronuclei in human peripheral lymphocytes for biodosimetry during radiological emergencies, and validation with dose blinded samples. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17068. [PMID: 37484390 PMCID: PMC10361230 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In the modern developing society, application of radiation has increased extensively. With significant improvement in the radiation protection practices, exposure to human could be minimized substantially, but cannot be avoided completely. Assessment of exposure is essential for regulatory decision and medical management as applicable. Until now, cytogenetic changes have served as surrogate marker of radiation exposure and have been extensively employed for biological dose estimation of various planned and unplanned exposures. Dicentric Chromosomal Aberration (DCA) is radiation specific and is considered as gold standard, micronucleus is not very specific to radiation and is considered as an alternative method for biodosimetry. In this study dose response curves were generated for X-ray induced "dicentric + ring" and micronuclei, in lymphocytes of three healthy volunteers [2 females (age 22, 23 years) and 1 male (24 year)]. The blood samples were irradiated with X-ray using LINAC (energy 6 MV, dose rate 6 Gy/min), in the dose range of 0-5Gy. Irradiated blood samples were cultured and processed to harvest metaphases, as per standard procedures recommended by International Atomic Energy Agency. Pooled data obtained from all the three volunteers, were in agreement with Poisson distribution for "dicentric + ring", however over dispersion was observed for micronuclei. Data ("dicentric + ring" and micronuclei) were fitted by linear quadratic model of the expression Y[bond, double bond]C + αD + βD2 using Dose Estimate software, version 5.2. The data fit has resulted in linear coefficient α = 0.0006 (±0.0068) "dicentric + ring" cell-1 Gy-1 and quadratic coefficient β = 0.0619 (±0.0043) "dicentric + ring" cell-1 Gy-2 for "dicentric + ring" and linear coefficient α = 0.0459 ± (0.0038) micronuclei cell-1 Gy-1 and quadratic coefficient β = 0.0185 ± (0.0010) micronuclei cell-1 Gy-2 for micronuclei, respectively. Background frequencies for "dicentric + ring" and micronuclei were 0.0006 ± 0.0004 and 0.0077 ± 0.0012 cell-1, respectively. Established curves were validated, by reconstructing the doses of 8 dose blinded samples (4 by DCA and 4 by CBMN) using coefficients generated here. Estimated doses were within the variation of 0.9-16% for "dicentric + ring" and 21.7-31.2% for micronuclei respectively. These established curves have potential to be employed for biodosimetry of occupational, clinical and accidental exposures, for initial triage and medical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Vijayalakshmi
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Chaurasia
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India
| | - K. Satish Srinivas
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, India
| | - K. Vijayalakshmi
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, India
| | - Solomon F.D. Paul
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, India
| | - N.N. Bhat
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India
| | - B.K. Sapra
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India
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4
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Chaurasia RK, Shirsath KB, Desai UN, Bhat NN, Sapra BK. Establishment of in vitro Calibration Curve for 60Co-γ-rays Induced Phospho-53BP1 Foci, Rapid Biodosimetry and Initial Triage, and Comparative Evaluations With γH2AX and Cytogenetic Assays. Front Public Health 2022; 10:845200. [PMID: 36003625 PMCID: PMC9393360 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.845200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid and reliable method for biodosimetry of populations exposed to ionizing radiation in the event of an incident or accident is crucial for initial triage and medical attention. DNA-double strand breaks (DSBs) are indicative of radiation exposure, and DSB-repair proteins (53BP1, γH2AX, ATM, etc.) are considered sensitive markers of DSB quantification. Phospho-53BP1 and γH2AX immunofluorescence technique serves as a sensitive, reliable, and reproducible tool for the detection and quantification of DSB-repair proteins, which can be used for biological dose estimations. In this study, dose-response curves were generated for 60Co-γ-rays induced phospho-53 Binding Protein 1 (phospho-53BP1) foci at 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 h, post-irradiation for a dose range of 0.05–4 Gy using fluorescence microscopy. Following ISO recommendations, minimum detection limits (MDLs) were estimated to be 16, 18, 25, 40, 50, and 75 mGy for dose-response curves generated at 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 h post-irradiation. Colocalization and correlation of phospho-53BP1 and γH2AX were also measured in irradiated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) to gain dual confirmation. Comparative evaluation of the established curve was made by γH2AX-immunofluorescence, dicentric chromosome assay (DCA), and reciprocal translocation (RT) assays by reconstructing the dose of 6 dose-blinded samples. Coefficients of respective in-house established dose-response curves were employed to reconstruct the blind doses. Estimated doses were within the variation of 4.124%. For lower doses (0.052 Gy), phospho-53BP1 and γH2AX assays gave closer estimates with the variation of −4.1 to + 9% in comparison to cytogenetic assays, where variations were −8.5 to 24%. For higher doses (3 and 4 Gy), both the cytogenetic and immunofluorescence (phospho-53BP1 and γH2AX), assays gave comparable close estimates, with −11.3 to + 14.3% and −10.3 to −13.7%, variations, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Chaurasia
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India
- *Correspondence: Rajesh Kumar Chaurasia
| | - Kapil B. Shirsath
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
| | - Utkarsha N. Desai
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
| | - Nagesh N. Bhat
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India
- Nagesh N. Bhat
| | - B. K. Sapra
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India
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Shaikh SAM, Gawali SL, Jain VK, Priyadarsini KI. Unravelling the molecular interaction of diselenodipropionic acid (DSePA) with human serum albumin (HSA). NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01443b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
DSePA, a pharmacologically efficient selenium compound shows strong binding with extracellular carrier protein, Human Serum Albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaukat Ali M. Shaikh
- School of Chemical Sciences, UM-DAE, Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Mumbai University, (Kalina Campus), Santa Cruz (East), Mumbai 400098, India
| | - S. L. Gawali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-400076, India
| | - V. K. Jain
- School of Chemical Sciences, UM-DAE, Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Mumbai University, (Kalina Campus), Santa Cruz (East), Mumbai 400098, India
| | - K. I. Priyadarsini
- School of Chemical Sciences, UM-DAE, Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Mumbai University, (Kalina Campus), Santa Cruz (East), Mumbai 400098, India
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Deshmukh Y, Gandhi VV, Singh BG, Kumbhare LB, Debnath AK, Kunwar A. 3,3'-Diselenodipropionic acid (DSePA) forms 1:1 complex with Hg (II) and prevents oxidative stress in cultured cells and mice model. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 226:111638. [PMID: 34717254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Mercury is one of the most toxic heavy metal for mammals particularly in inorganic form. In present study, 3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid (DSePA), a well-known pharmacological diselenide was evaluated for its interaction with HgCl2 and ability to prevent HgCl2-induced toxicity in experimental cellular and mice models. UV-visible, stopped flow, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies confirmed that DSePA sequestered Hg (II) ions with stoichiometry of 1:1 and binding constant of ~104 M-1. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction analysis suggested that diselenide group of DSePA was involved in the complexation with Hg (II) ions. Further, Hg-DSePA complex degraded within 10 days to form excretable HgSe. The binding constant of DSePA and Hg (II) was comparable with that of dihydrolipoic acid, a standard disulfide compound used in heavy metal detoxification. Corroborating these observations, pre-treatment of DSePA (10 μM) significantly prevented the HgCl2 (50 μM)-induced glutathione oxidation (GSH/GSSG), decrease of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities and cell death in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. Similarly, intraperitoneal administration of DSePA at a dosage of 2 mg/kg for 5 consecutive days prior to exposure of HgCl2 (1 mg/kg) significantly suppressed oxidative stress in renal and hepatic tissues of C57BL/6 mice. In conclusion, the protective effect of DSePA against Hg induced oxidative stress is attributed to its ability to rescue the activities of GPx, TrxR and GSH by sequestering Hg (II) ions. DSePA being a relatively safer selenium-compound for in vivo administration can be explored for mercury detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Deshmukh
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India; Center for Basic Sciences, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India
| | - V V Gandhi
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400 094, India
| | - B G Singh
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400 094, India
| | - L B Kumbhare
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - A K Debnath
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400 094, India; Technical Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - A Kunwar
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400 094, India.
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7
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Chaurasia RK, Bhat NN, Gaur N, Shirsath KB, Desai UN, Sapra BK. Establishment and multiparametric-cytogenetic validation of 60Co-gamma-ray induced, phospho-gamma-H2AX calibration curve for rapid biodosimetry and triage management during radiological emergencies. Mutat Res 2021; 866:503354. [PMID: 33985694 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ionizing radiation is unavoidable to our modern developing society as its applications are widespread and increasing with societal development. The exposures may be planned as in medical applications or may be unplanned as in occupational work and radiological emergencies. Dose quantification of planned and unplanned exposures is essential to make crucial decisions for management of such exposures. This study aims to establish ex-vivo dose-response curve for 60Co-gamma-ray induced gamma-H2AX-foci by immunofluorescence using microscopy and flowcytometry with human lymphocytes. This technique has the potential to serve as a rapid tool for dose estimation and triage application during small to large scale radiological emergencies and clinical exposures. Response curves were generated for the dose range 0-4 Gy (at 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h of incubation after irradiation) with microscopy and 0-8 Gy (at 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 h of incubation after irradiation) with flow cytometry. These curves can be applied for dose reconstruction when post exposure sampling is delayed up to 96 h. In order to evaluate Minimum Detection Limit (MDL) of the assay, variation of background frequency of gamma-H2AX-foci was measured in 12 volunteers. To understand the application window of the assay, gamma-H2AX foci decay kinetics has been studied up to 96 h with microscopy and response curves were generated from 1 to 96 hours post exposure. Gamma-H2AX fluorescence intensity decay kinetics was also studied up to 96 h with flow cytometry and response curves were generated from 2 to 24 hours post irradiation. Established curves were validated with dose blinded samples and also compared with standard cytogenetic assays. An inter-comparison of dose estimates was made among gamma-H2AX assay, dicentric aberrations and reciprocal translocations for application window in various dose ranges and time of blood collection after exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Chaurasia
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India.
| | - N N Bhat
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India.
| | - Neeraj Gaur
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India.
| | - K B Shirsath
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India.
| | - U N Desai
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India.
| | - B K Sapra
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India.
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8
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Singh BG, Kunwar A. Redox reactions of organoselenium compounds: Implication in their biological activity. Free Radic Res 2021; 55:641-654. [PMID: 33555213 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2021.1882678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidant activity of organoselenium compounds belonging to different classes i.e. functionalized aliphatic, aromatic and cyclic selenoethers, are compared on the basis of their ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species like hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals and to exhibit glutathione peroxidase (GPx) like catalytic activity. The comparative analysis has revealed that the antioxidant activity of the organoselenium compounds show direct correlation with the energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and neighboring group participation that stabilizes the reaction intermediate. Finally, structural features responsible for improving the rate of reaction of organoselenium compounds with free radical/molecular oxidants have been discussed on the basis of the compounds screened at our institute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beena G Singh
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Amit Kunwar
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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9
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Kunwar A, Priyadarsini KI, Jain VK. 3,3'-Diselenodipropionic acid (DSePA): A redox active multifunctional molecule of biological relevance. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1865:129768. [PMID: 33148501 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive research is being carried out globally to design and develop new selenium compounds for various biological applications such as antioxidants, radio-protectors, anti-carcinogenic agents, biocides, etc. In this pursuit, 3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid (DSePA), a synthetic organoselenium compound, has received considerable attention for its biological activities. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review intends to give a comprehensive account of research on DSePA so as to facilitate further research activities on this organoselenium compound and to realize its full potential in different areas of biological and pharmacological sciences. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS It is an interesting diselenide structurally related to selenocystine. It shows moderate glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activity and is an excellent scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Exposure to radiation, as envisaged during radiation therapy, has been associated with normal tissue side effects and also with the decrease in selenium levels in the body. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of DSePA has confirmed its ability to reduce radiation induced side effects into normal tissues. Administration of DSePA through intraperitoneal (IP) or oral route to mice in a dose range of 2 to 2.5 mg/kg body weight has shown survival advantage against whole body irradiation and a significant protection to lung tissue against thoracic irradiation. Pharmacokinetic profiling of DSePA suggests its maximum absorption in the lung. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Research work on DSePA reported in fifteen years or so indicates that it is a promising multifunctional organoselenium compound exhibiting many important activities of biological relevance apart from radioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kunwar
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India.
| | - K Indira Priyadarsini
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina Campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India.
| | - Vimal K Jain
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina Campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India.
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10
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Bartolini D, Tew KD, Marinelli R, Galli F, Wang GY. Nrf2-modulation by seleno-hormetic agents and its potential for radiation protection. Biofactors 2020; 46:239-245. [PMID: 31617634 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The trace element selenium (Se) is an essential component of selenoproteins and plays a critical role in redox signaling via regulating the activity of selenoenzymes such as thioredoxin reductase-1 and glutathione peroxidases. Se compounds and its metabolites possess a wide range of biological functions including anticancer and cytoprotection effects, modulation of hormetic genes and antioxidant enzyme activities. Radiation-induced injury of normal tissues is a significant side effect for cancer patients who receive radiotherapy in the clinic and the development of new and effective radioprotectors is an important goal of research. Others and we have shown that seleno-compounds have the potential to protect ionizing radiation-induced toxicities in various tissues and cells both in in vitro and in vivo studies. In this review, we discuss the potential utilization of Se compounds with redox-dependent hormetic activity as novel radio-protective agents to alleviate radiation toxicity. The cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the radioprotection effects of these seleno-hormetic agents are also discussed. These include Nrf2 transcription factor modulation and the consequent upregulation of the adaptive stress response to IR in bone marrow stem cells and hematopoietic precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desirée Bartolini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Kenneth D Tew
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Rita Marinelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Galli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Gavin Y Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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11
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Kunwar A, Patil A, Kumar S, Deshpande R, Gota V, Goda JS, Jain V, Indira Priyadarsini K. Toxicological safety evaluation of 3,3′-diselenodipropionic acid (DSePA), a pharmacologically important derivative of selenocystine. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 99:159-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Chethna P, Iyer SS, Gandhi VV, Kunwar A, Singh BG, Barik A, Balaji NV, Ramani MV, Subbaraju GV, Priyadarsini KI. Toxicity and Antigenotoxic Effect of Hispolon Derivatives: Role of Structure in Modulating Cellular Redox State and Thioredoxin Reductase. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:5958-5970. [PMID: 30023935 PMCID: PMC6045486 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Hispolon (HS), a bioactive polyphenol, and its derivatives such as hispolon monomethyl ether (HME), hispolon pyrazole (HP), and hispolon monomethyl ether pyrazole (HMEP) were evaluated for comparative toxicity and antigenotoxic effects. The stability of HS derivatives in biological matrices followed the order HS < HP ≈ HME < HMEP. The cytotoxicity analysis of HS derivatives indicated that HP and HMEP were less toxic than HS and HME, respectively, in both normal and tumor cell types. The mechanisms of toxicity of HS and HME involved inhibition of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and/or induction of reductive stress. From the enzyme kinetic and docking studies, it was established that HS and HME interacted with the NADPH-binding domain of TrxR through electrostatic and hydrophobic bonds, resulting in inhibition of the catalytic activity. Subsequently, treatment with HS, HP, and HMEP at a nontoxic concentration of 10 μM in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells showed significant protection against radiation (4 Gy)-induced DNA damage as assessed by micronuclei and γ-H2AX assays. In conclusion, the above results suggested the importance of phenolic and diketo groups in controlling the stability and toxicity of HS derivatives. The pyrazole derivatives, HP and HMEP, may gain significance in the development of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pogakula Chethna
- Radiation
& Photochemistry Division and Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Shruti S. Iyer
- Radiation
& Photochemistry Division and Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Vishwa V. Gandhi
- Radiation
& Photochemistry Division and Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi
Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400 094, India
| | - Amit Kunwar
- Radiation
& Photochemistry Division and Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi
Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400 094, India
- E-mail: . Phone: 91-22-25592352.
Fax: 91-22-25505151 (A.K.)
| | - Beena G. Singh
- Radiation
& Photochemistry Division and Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Atanu Barik
- Radiation
& Photochemistry Division and Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- E-mail: (A.B.)
| | - Neduri V. Balaji
- Natsol
Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Ramky Commercial Hub, J. N. Pharmacity, Visakhapatnam 531019, India
| | - Modukuri V. Ramani
- Natsol
Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Ramky Commercial Hub, J. N. Pharmacity, Visakhapatnam 531019, India
| | | | - K. Indira Priyadarsini
- Radiation
& Photochemistry Division and Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi
Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400 094, India
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Verma P, Kunwar A, Arai K, Iwaoka M, Priyadarsini KI. Mechanism of radioprotection by dihydroxy-1-selenolane (DHS): Effect of fatty acid conjugation and role of glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Biochimie 2018; 144:122-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Nairy RK, Bhat NN, Sanjeev G, Yerol N. DOSE-RESPONSE STUDY USING MICRONUCLEUS CYTOME ASSAY: A TOOL FOR BIODOSIMETRY APPLICATION. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2017; 174:79-87. [PMID: 26994094 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncw045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study is aimed at obtaining in vitro dose-response data for the induction of micronucleus (MN) and nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs) in human lymphocytes using 60Co-gamma rays and 8 MeV pulsed electron beam. An attempt was made to validate the possibility of applying NPBs as new biodosimetry endpoint in the dose range of 0-6 Gy. A total of 1000 binucleated cells (BNCs) per dose point were evaluated for the frequency of MN and NPBs. From the study, it is clear that the dose-response increase of MN and NPBs is linear quadratic in nature. The study provides linear and quadratic parameter for biodosimetry application. The relative biological effectiveness value of the 8 MeV electron beam was estimated using slope values and is found to be 1.18 ± 0.01 for MN/BNCs, 1.27 ± 0.02 for the fraction of BNCs with MN, 1.16 ± 0.13 for MN/(BNCs with MN) and 1.09±0.01 for NPBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesha K Nairy
- Depatment of Physics, P.A College of Engineering, Mangalore 574 153, Karnataka, India
| | - Nagesh N Bhat
- RP & AD, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai 400 085, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ganesh Sanjeev
- Depatment of Studies in Physics, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri 574 199, Karnataka, India
| | - Narayana Yerol
- Depatment of Studies in Physics, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri 574 199, Karnataka, India
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Choi C, Lee HY, Jeong YI, Nah JW. Synthesis of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)- b -poly( dl -lactide- co -glycolide) copolymer via diselenide linkage and fabrication of ebselen-incorporated nanoparticles for radio-responsive drug delivery. J IND ENG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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16
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Raghuraman M, Verma P, Kunwar A, Phadnis PP, Jain VK, Priyadarsini KI. Cellular evaluation of diselenonicotinamide (DSNA) as a radioprotector against cell death and DNA damage. Metallomics 2017; 9:715-725. [DOI: 10.1039/c7mt00034k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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17
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Nairy RK, Yerol N, Bhat NN, Desai U, Shirsath K, Yadav U, K Chaurasia R, B K S. Standardization of CalyculinA induced PCC assay and its advantages over Okadaic acid PCC assay in Biodosimetry applications. J Occup Health 2016; 58:563-569. [PMID: 27725377 PMCID: PMC5373906 DOI: 10.1539/joh.16-0049-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the present study an attempt was made to estimate coefficients of dose response curves for PCC aberrations induced by CalyculinA and Okadaic acid, using 60Co gamma radiation and 8 MeV pulsed electron beam for biodosimetry application. MATERIALS AND METHODS The modified method outlined by Puig et al. 2013 was used to conduct Calyculin A and Okadaic acid induced PCC assay in human blood lymphocytes.Chemical treatment was given for the last 1 h of a 48 h culture. The study was carried out in the dose range 2.5 to 20 Gy using 60Co gamma rays and 8 MeV pulsed electron beam. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Results show a linear dose dependent increase with a slope of 0.047 ± 0.001 from Calycalin A PCC and 0.048 ± 0.002 form Okadaic acid PCC. The slope of the fragments curve was 0.327 ± 0.006 from Calyculin A and 0.328 ± 0.006 from Okadaic acid PCC. Further, dose calibration studies were carried out for 8 MeV electron using Calyculin A PCC assay and the obtained slope from ring yield was 0.054 ± 0.002 and 0.427 ± 0.009 from fragment yield.
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Dihydroxyselenolane (DHS) supplementation improves survival following whole-body irradiation (WBI) by suppressing tissue-specific inflammatory responses. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2016; 807:33-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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19
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Verma P, Kunwar A, Arai K, Iwaoka M, Indira Priyadarsini K. Alkyl chain modulated cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity of bioinspired amphiphilic selenolanes. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2016; 5:434-445. [PMID: 30090358 PMCID: PMC6062215 DOI: 10.1039/c5tx00331h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of amphiphilic conjugates of dihydroxy selenolane (DHS) and monoamine selenolane (MAS), which we had previously reported to inhibit lipid peroxidation and assist the oxidative protein folding reaction respectively in cell free systems, were evaluated for cytotoxicity, associated mechanisms and antioxidant effects in cells. Our results indicated that a fatty acid/alkyl group of variable chain lengths (C6-14) as a lipophilic moiety of the DHS/MAS conjugates not only improved their ability to incorporate within the plasma membrane of cells but also modulated their cytotoxicity. In the concentration range of 1-50 μM, C6 conjugates were non-toxic whereas the long chain (≥C8) conjugates showed significant cytotoxicity. The induction of toxicity investigated by the changes in membrane leakage, fluidity, mitochondrial membrane potential and annexin-V-propidium iodide (PI) staining by using flow cytometry revealed plasma membrane disintegration and subsequent induction of necrosis as the major mechanism. Further, the conjugates of DHS and MAS also showed differential as well as nonlinear tendency in cytotoxicity with respect to chain lengths and this effect was attributed to their self-aggregation properties. Compared with the parent compounds, C6 conjugates not only exhibited better antioxidant activity in terms of the induction of selenoproteins such as glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), GPx4 and thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) but also protected cells from the AAPH induced oxidative stress. In conclusion, the present study suggests the importance of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) in fine tuning the toxicity and activity of bioinspired amphiphilic antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Verma
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai - 400085 , India .
- Homi Bhabha National Institute , Mumbai - 400085 , India
| | - Amit Kunwar
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai - 400085 , India .
| | - Kenta Arai
- Department of Chemistry , School of Science , Tokai University , Kitakaname , Hiratsuka-shi , Kanagawa 259-1292 , Japan
| | - Michio Iwaoka
- Department of Chemistry , School of Science , Tokai University , Kitakaname , Hiratsuka-shi , Kanagawa 259-1292 , Japan
| | - K Indira Priyadarsini
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai - 400085 , India .
- Homi Bhabha National Institute , Mumbai - 400085 , India
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20
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Gota V, Goda JS, Doshi K, Patil A, Sunderajan S, Kumar K, Varne M, Kunwar A, Jain VK, Priyadarshini I. Biodistribution and Pharmacokinetic Study of 3,3′ Diseleno Dipropionic Acid (DSePA), A Synthetic Radioprotector, in Mice. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2015; 41:839-844. [DOI: 10.1007/s13318-015-0301-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Singh BG, Nadkarni SA, Jain VK, Priyadarsini KI. Effect of alkyl chain length on one-electron oxidation of bis(alkyl carboxylic acid) selenides: implication on their antioxidant ability. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra10355j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation of a stable five membered transient in seleno bis(propanoic acid) reduces its radiolytic degradation and enhances its peroxyl radical scavenging activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. G. Singh
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400 085
- India
| | - S. A. Nadkarni
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400 085
- India
| | - V. K. Jain
- Chemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400 085
- India
| | - K. I. Priyadarsini
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400 085
- India
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