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Cai J, Kim YJ, Xu X, Ma Y, Scholp A, Jiang JJ, Liu T, Zhuang P. To Explore the Changes and Differences of Microstructure of Vocal Fold in Vocal Fold Paralysis and Cricoarytenoid Joint Dislocation by Diffusion Tensor Imaging. J Voice 2023; 37:187-193. [PMID: 33388227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The diffusion characteristics of water molecules were measured in the vocal folds of canines exhibiting unilateral vocal fold paralysis and unilateral cricoarytenoid joint dislocation. These characteristics were used in conjunction with a histological examination of the microstructural changes of vocal fold muscle fibers to explore the feasibility of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in distinguishing unilateral vocal fold paralysis and unilateral cricoarytenoid joint dislocation as well as evaluating microstructural changes. METHODS Ten beagles were randomly divided into three groups: four in the unilateral vocal fold paralysis group, four in the unilateral cricoarytenoid joint dislocation group, and two in the normal group. Unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve resection was performed in the vocal fold paralysis group. Unilateral cricoarytenoid joint dislocation surgery was performed in the dislocation group. No intervention was performed in the normal group. Four months postintervention, the larynges were excised and put into a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system (9.4T BioSpec MRI, Bruker, German) for scanning, followed by an analysis of diffusion parameters among the different groups for statistical significance. After MRI scanning, the vocal folds were cut into sections, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and scanned digitally. The mean cross-sectional area of muscle fibers, and the mean diameter of muscle fibers in the vocal folds were calculated by target detection and extraction technology. Mean values of each measurement were used to compare the differences among the three groups. Pearson correlation analysis was performed on the DTI parameters and the results from histological section extraction. RESULTS The paralysis group had significantly higher Fractional Anisotropy (FA) compared to the dislocation group and normal group (P = 0.004). The paralysis group also had a significantly lower Tensor Trace value compared to the dislocation group and normal group (P = 0.000). The average cross-sectional area of vocal fold muscle fibers in the paralysis group was significantly smaller than the dislocation group and normal group (P = 0.000). Pearson correlation analysis yielded values of, r = -0.785, P = 0.01 between the average cross-sectional area of vocal muscle fibers and FA, and values of r = 0.881, P = 0.00 between Tensor Trace and the average cross-sectional area of vocal muscle. CONCLUSION FA and Tensor Trace can be used as effective parameters to reflect the changes of microstructure in vocal fold paralysis and cricoarytenoid joint dislocation. DTI is an objective and quantitative method to effectively evaluate unilateral vocal fold paralysis and unilateral cricoarytenoid joint dislocation, also capable of noninvasively evaluating vocal fold muscle fiber microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cai
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Department of Surgery Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Xinlin Xu
- Department of Voice, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yanli Ma
- Department of Voice, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Austin Scholp
- Department of Surgery Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jack J Jiang
- Department of Surgery Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Peiyun Zhuang
- Department of Voice, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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Yamauchi K, Someya K, Kato C, Kato T. The Relationship Between Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Function and
MRI
‐Derived Water Diffusion and Adipose Tissue Measurements in Young Healthy Males. J Magn Reson Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Koun Yamauchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Akita hospital Chiryu City Aichi Japan
| | - Keita Someya
- Department of Radiology Akita Hospital Chiryu City Aichi Japan
| | - Chisato Kato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Akita hospital Chiryu City Aichi Japan
| | - Takayuki Kato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Akita hospital Chiryu City Aichi Japan
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Tan ET, Zochowski KC, Sneag DB. Diffusion MRI fiber diameter for muscle denervation assessment. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2022; 12:80-94. [PMID: 34993062 PMCID: PMC8666740 DOI: 10.21037/qims-21-313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To develop and evaluate a diffusion MRI-based apparent muscle fiber diameter (AFD) method in patients with muscle denervation. It was hypothesized that AFD differences between denervated, non-denervated and control muscles would be greater than those from standard diffusion metrics. METHODS A spin-echo diffusion acquisition with multi-b-valued diffusion sampling was used. An orientation-invariant dictionary approach utilized a cylinder-based forward model and multi-compartment model for obtaining restricted and free fractions. Simulations were performed to determine precision, bias, and optimize dictionary parameters. In all, 18 exams of patients with muscle denervation and 8 exams of healthy subjects were performed at 3T. Six regions of interests (ROIs) within separate shoulder muscles were selected, yielding three groups consisting 47 control (healthy), 36 non-denervated (patients), and 68 denervated (patients) muscle ROIs. Two-sample t-tests (α=0.05) between groups were performed with Holm-Bonferroni correction. T2- and fat fraction (FF)-mapping were acquired for comparison. RESULTS Mean AFD was 89.7±13.6 µm in control, 71.6±15.3 µm in non-denervated, and 60.7±15.9 µm in denervated muscles and were significantly different (P<0.001) in paired comparisons and in 10/12 individual muscle region comparisons. Correlation between AFD and FF (-0.331, P<0.001) was low, but correlation between FA and FF was negligible (0.197, P=0.016). Correlation was low between AFD and T2 (-0.395, P<0.001) and between FA and T2 (0.359, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Diffusion MRI-based AFD complements T2- and FF-mapping techniques to non-invasively assess muscle denervation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelly C. Zochowski
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Darryl B. Sneag
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
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Yu S, Su H, Lu J, Zhao F, Jiang F. Combined T2 Mapping and Diffusion Tensor Imaging: A Sensitive Tool to Assess Myofascial Trigger Points in a Rat Model. J Pain Res 2021; 14:1721-1731. [PMID: 34163230 PMCID: PMC8214538 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s313966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) are defined as very small and hypersensitive points in skeletal muscle that are palpable, and produce localized pain on compression. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of combining T2 mapping with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for assessing MTrPs in a rat model and to investigate properties of the pathophysiological mechanisms. Methods Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats (model group, n = 14; control group, n = 10) underwent a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination on a 3 T-MRI-scanner with a protocol consisting of T2 mapping and DTI. The MTrPs were established by blunt strike in combination with eccentric exercise. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to detect the levels of interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) and their results were correlated with T2 values. Parameters from MRI including T2 values, fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), mean diffusivity (MD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were compared between the two groups. Histological analysis was applied to provide an additional supply for MRI findings. Results The MTrPs of rats displayed significantly increased T2 values and FA (= 0.000) compared with normal controls, whereas MD and RD values were significantly lower (P= 0.031, = 0.000, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in AD between the two groups (P= 0.400). These differences were accompanied by elevated levels of IL-1ß and interleukin-2 IL-2 in the MTrP group compared with controls. T2 values were positively correlated with elevated IL-1ß levels (r = 0.543, P < 0.05) but were not correlated with IL-2 levels (P > 0.05). Conclusion Combining T2 and DTI sequences creates a sensitive tool to assess MTrPs in a rat model. These data clarify a hypothesis that a trigger point is a chronic and mild muscle injury with inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangcheng Yu
- Department of Radiology, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, 530001, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiqing Su
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, 530001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchang Lu
- Department of Radiology, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, 530001, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanyu Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, 530001, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangyan Jiang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, 530001, People's Republic of China
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Weidensteiner C, Madoerin P, Deligianni X, Haas T, Bieri O, Akinci D'Antonoli T, Bracht-Schweizer K, Romkes J, De Pieri E, Santini F, Rutz E, Brunner R, Garcia M. Quantification and Monitoring of the Effect of Botulinum Toxin A on Paretic Calf Muscles of Children With Cerebral Palsy With MRI: A Preliminary Study. Front Neurol 2021; 12:630435. [PMID: 33935939 PMCID: PMC8085320 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.630435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Muscles from patients with cerebral palsy (CP) are often spastic and form contractures that limit the range of motion. Injections of botulinum toxin A (BTX) into the calf muscles are an important treatment for functional equinus; however, improvement in gait function is not always achieved. BTX is also used to test muscle weakening for risk evaluation of muscle lengthening surgery. Our aim was to assess the effect of BTX over time on calf muscle properties in pediatric CP patients with MRI. Material and Methods: Six toe-walking CP patients (mean age 11.6 years) with indication for lengthening surgery were prospectively enrolled and received BTX injections into the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. MRI scans at 3T of the lower legs and clinical examinations were performed pre-BTX, 6 weeks (6w), and 12 weeks (12w) post-BTX. A fat-suppressed 2D multi-spin-echo sequence was used to acquire T2 maps and for segmentation. Fat fraction maps were calculated from 3D multi-echo Dixon images. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) with a 2D echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequence yielded maps of the mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and of the fractional anisotropy (FA). Hyperintense regions of interest (ROIs) on the T2-weighted (T2w) images at 6w were segmented in treated muscles. Mean values of T2, fat fraction, ADC, and FA were calculated in hyperintense ROIs and in reference ROIs in non-treated muscles. Results: Hyperintensity on T2w scans and increased T2 (group mean ± standard deviation: 35 ± 1 ms pre-BTX, 45 ± 2 ms at 6w, and 44 ± 2 ms at 12w) were observed in all patients at the injection sites. The T2 increase was spatially limited to parts of the injected muscles. FA increased (0.30 ± 0.03 pre-BTX, 0.34 ± 0.02 at 6w, and 0.36 ± 0.03 at 12w) while ADC did not change in hyperintense ROIs, indicating a BTX-induced increase in extracellular space and a simultaneous decrease of muscle fiber diameter. Fat fraction showed a trend for increase at 12w. Mean values in reference ROIs remained unchanged. Conclusion: MRI showed limited spatial distribution of the BTX-induced effects in pediatric CP patients. It could be a promising non-invasive tool for future studies to test BTX treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Weidensteiner
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Madoerin
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xeni Deligianni
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Tanja Haas
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Bieri
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Tugba Akinci D'Antonoli
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Jacqueline Romkes
- Laboratory for Movement Analysis, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Enrico De Pieri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland.,Laboratory for Movement Analysis, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Santini
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Erich Rutz
- Murdoch Children's Research Insitute, The University of Melbourne, Pediatric Orthopedic Department, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reinald Brunner
- Laboratory for Movement Analysis, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Meritxell Garcia
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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6
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Cai J, Klein L, Wu P, Wilson A, Xu X, Scholp A, Bao H, Wang X, Jiang JJ, Liu T, Zhuang P. Evaluation of Diffusional Characteristics and Microstructure in Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2019; 100:NP177-NP184. [PMID: 31550925 DOI: 10.1177/0145561319874721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in the evaluation of vocal fold tissue microstructure after recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury. METHODS Six canines were divided into 2 groups: a unilateral vocal fold paralysis group (n = 4) and a control group (n = 2). The RLN was cut in the unilateral vocal fold paralysis group, and no intervention was applied in the control group. After 4 months, the canines' larynges were removed and placed in a small animal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system (9.4T BioSpec MRI; Bruker, Germany). After scanning, the vocal folds were isolated, sectioned, and stained. The slides were then analyzed for the cross-sectional area and muscle fiber density through feature extraction technology. Pearson correlation analysis was performed on the DTI scan and histological section extraction results. RESULTS In the vocal fold muscle layer, the fractional anisotropy (FA) of the unilateral RLN injury group was higher than that of the control group, and the Tensor Trace was lower than that of the control group. This difference was statistically significant, P < .05. In the lamina propria, the FA of the unilateral RLN injury group was lower than that of the control group, P > .05, and the Tensor Trace was lower than that of the control group, P < .05. The muscle fiber cross-sectional area of the RLN injury group was significantly smaller than the control group with statistical significance, P < .05, and the density of muscle fibers was lower, P < .05. The correlation coefficient between FA and the cross-sectional area was -0.838, P = .002, and .726; P = .017 between Tensor Trace and the cross-sectional area. CONCLUSION Diffusion tensor imaging is an effective method to assess the changes in the microstructure of atrophic vocal fold muscle tissue after RLN injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cai
- School of Medicine, 12466Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Logan Klein
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, 5232School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Pinhong Wu
- 5919Barnard College of Columbia University, Manhattan, NY, USA
| | - Azure Wilson
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, 6614University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xinlin Xu
- Department of ENT, Zhongshan Hospital, 12466Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Austin Scholp
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, 5232School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Huijing Bao
- School of Medicine, 12466Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xi Wang
- School of Medicine, 12466Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jack J Jiang
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, 5232School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Peiyun Zhuang
- Department of ENT, Zhongshan Hospital, 12466Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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7
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Naughton NM, Georgiadis JG. Comparison of two-compartment exchange and continuum models of dMRI in skeletal muscle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 64:155004. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab2aa6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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8
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Franchi MV, Raiteri BJ, Longo S, Sinha S, Narici MV, Csapo R. Muscle Architecture Assessment: Strengths, Shortcomings and New Frontiers of in Vivo Imaging Techniques. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2018; 44:2492-2504. [PMID: 30185385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle structural assembly (and its remodeling in response to loading-unloading states) can be investigated macroscopically by assessing muscle architecture, described as fascicle geometric disposition within the muscle. Over recent decades, various medical imaging techniques have been developed to facilitate the in vivo assessment of muscle architecture. However, the main advantages and limitations of these methodologies have been fragmentally discussed. In the present article, the main techniques used for the evaluation of muscle architecture are presented: conventional B-mode ultrasonography, extended-field-of-view ultrasound, 3-D ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging-based diffusion tensor imaging. By critically discussing potentials and shortcomings of each methodology, we aim to provide readers with an overview of both established and new techniques for the in vivo assessment of muscle architecture. This review may serve as decision guidance facilitating selection of the appropriate technique to be applied in biomedical research or clinical routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martino V Franchi
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Sports Medicine Research, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | | - Stefano Longo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Shantanu Sinha
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Marco V Narici
- Institute of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Robert Csapo
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Institute for Sports Medicine, Alpine Medicine & Health Tourism (ISAG), University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall, Austria
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Aono S, Ishizaka K, Tha KK, Takamori S, Aoike S, Fujiwara T. [Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Rotator Cuff: Influence of Arm Position]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2018; 74:335-343. [PMID: 29681600 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2018_jsrt_74.4.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of skeletal muscles has been reported as capable to characterize physiological properties, tissue microstructure and architectural organization. However, the DTI indices may vary with the contractile state of the muscles, and in the rotator cuff muscles, a change in forearm position can result in variation of the DTI indices. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of forearm position on the major DTI indices of the rotator cuff muscles. The DTI of right rotator cuff was acquired under the neutral position and external and internal rotation of the forearm in nine healthy volunteers. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of each muscle were calculated and compared among the three forearm positions. FA and MD were significantly different between external and internal rotation in infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis (p<0.05). We considered that this difference was due to the change in cross-sectional area of muscle fibers based on their contractile state. That is, when the muscle is contracted, its cross-sectional area is increased and the muscle fiber density in the short axis direction becomes less. This causes a change in FA and MD due to increase in λ2 and λ3 through increased diffusion of intercellular water in the short axis direction. In conclusion, the DTI indices of the rotator cuff muscles are affected by the forearm position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Aono
- Department of Radiological Technology, Hokkaido University Hospital
| | - Kinya Ishizaka
- Department of Radiological Technology, Hokkaido University Hospital
| | - Khin Khin Tha
- Department of Radiobiology and Medical Engineering, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine (Current address: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital).,Global Station for Quantum Medical Science and Engineering, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University
| | - Sayaka Takamori
- Department of Radiological Technology, Hokkaido University Hospital
| | - Suzuko Aoike
- Department of Radiological Technology, Hokkaido University Hospital
| | - Taro Fujiwara
- Department of Radiological Technology, Hokkaido University Hospital
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10
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Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Dystrophic Skeletal Muscle. Clin Neuroradiol 2018; 29:231-242. [DOI: 10.1007/s00062-018-0667-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Liu LS, Zheng ZZ, Yuan HS. Significance of Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Vastus Medialis Oblique in Recurrent Patellar Dislocation. Chin Med J (Engl) 2017; 130:642-646. [PMID: 28303844 PMCID: PMC5358411 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.201607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have investigated the influence of osseous factors on patellofemoral joint instability, but research on the influence of dynamic muscle factors in vivo is still in the exploratory stage. This study aimed to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to evaluate vastus medialis oblique (VMO) fiber bundles in patients with recurrent patellar dislocation to explore the changes in muscle morphology and function. Methods: This prospective study involved 30 patients (7 males and 23 females; average age, 21.4 ± 3.8 years) clinically diagnosed with recurrent patellar dislocation in Peking University Third Hospital and 30 healthy volunteers matched for age, sex, and body mass index in our medical school between January 2014 and October 2014. None of the patients had a recent history of traumatic patellar dislocation or transient patellar dislocation. All patients underwent conventional MRI and DTI of the knee. The cross-sectional area of the VMO on MRI and the fractional anisotropy (FA), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and primary (λ1), secondary (λ2), and three-level characteristic (λ3) values on DTI were measured. The independent-samples t-test was used to compare these parameters between the two groups. Results: Compared with the control group, the patient group showed significantly higher FA values (0.39 ± 0.05 vs. 0.33 ± 0.03) and significantly lower ADC (1.51 ± 0.13 vs. 1.58 ± 0.07), λ2 (4.96 ± 0.13 vs. 5.04 ± 0.07), and λ3 values (4.44 ± 0.14 vs. 4.58 ± 0.07; t = 5.99, t = –2.58, t = –3.02, and t = –4.88, respectively; all P < 0.05). Cross-sectional VMO area and λ1 values did not differ between the two groups (t = –1.82 and t = 0.22, respectively; both P > 0.05). Conclusions: The functional status of the VMO is closely associated with recurrent patellar dislocation. MRI, especially DTI (FA, ADC, λ2, and λ3), can detect early changes in VMO function and might facilitate the noninvasive monitoring of the functional status of the VMO in patients with recurrent patellar dislocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Si Liu
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhuo-Zhao Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Hui-Shu Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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12
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Skeletal muscle metastases on magnetic resonance imaging: analysis of 31 cases. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2016; 20:242-50. [PMID: 27647989 PMCID: PMC5013688 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2016.61568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim of the study To investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of skeletal muscle metastases (SMM). Material and methods The records of 31 patients with proven SMM were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical history, type of primary malignancy, location of metastases, and MRI features of SMM were evaluated. Based on MRI findings, SMM were divided into three MRI types. The correlation between MRI types with ages and pathology category, between MRI types of SMM and ages, as well as MRI types of SMM and pathology category were analysed with Spearman's rho. Results The most common primary tumour was genital tumour (25.8%) and bronchial carcinoma (19.4%), and the most common cell type was adenocarcinoma (58.1%). SMM were located in the iliopsoas muscle (26.3%), paravertebral muscles (21.1%), and upper extremity muscles (18.4%). MRI features: (1) Type-I localised lesions (12.90%), round-like mass limited to local regions with heterogeneous iso-signal intensity in T1WI and heterogeneous hyper-intensity in T2WI; (2) Type-II diffuse lesions without bone destruction (35.48%), abnormal diffuse swelling of the muscle with irregular boundaries and slightly hypo- to iso-intensity in T1WI and hyper-intensity in T2WI; and (3) Type-III diffuse lesions with bone destruction (51.61%), distinct irregular lump with iso-intensity in T1WI and heterogeneous hyper-intensity in T2WI with adjacent bone invasion. There was positive correlation between MRI types and ages (r = 0.431, p < 0.05). There were no significant differences of MRI types with pathology category (p > 0.05). Conclusions SMM features on MRI can be broadly used to classify lesions, which is beneficial for SMM diagnosis.
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Qiang B, Brigham JC, McGough RJ, Greenleaf JF, Urban MW. Mapped Chebyshev pseudo-spectral method for simulating the shear wave propagation in the plane of symmetry of a transversely isotropic viscoelastic medium. Med Biol Eng Comput 2016; 55:389-401. [PMID: 27221812 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-016-1522-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Shear wave elastography is a versatile technique that is being applied to many organs. However, in tissues that exhibit anisotropic material properties, special care must be taken to estimate shear wave propagation accurately and efficiently. A two-dimensional simulation method is implemented to simulate the shear wave propagation in the plane of symmetry in transversely isotropic viscoelastic media. The method uses a mapped Chebyshev pseudo-spectral method to calculate the spatial derivatives and an Adams-Bashforth-Moulton integrator with variable step sizes for time marching. The boundaries of the two-dimensional domain are surrounded by perfectly matched layers to approximate an infinite domain and minimize reflection errors. In an earlier work, we proposed a solution for estimating the apparent shear wave elasticity and viscosity of the spatial group velocity as a function of rotation angle through a low-frequency approximation by a Taylor expansion. With the solver implemented in MATLAB, the simulated results in this paper match well with the theory. Compared to the finite element method simulations we used before, the pseudo-spectral solver consumes less memory and is faster and achieves better accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qiang
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
- The Nielsen Company, Oldsmar, FL, 34677, USA.
| | - John C Brigham
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- School of Engineering and Computing Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Robert J McGough
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - James F Greenleaf
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Matthew W Urban
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
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Oudeman J, Nederveen AJ, Strijkers GJ, Maas M, Luijten PR, Froeling M. Techniques and applications of skeletal muscle diffusion tensor imaging: A review. J Magn Reson Imaging 2015. [PMID: 26221741 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is increasingly applied to study skeletal muscle physiology, anatomy, and pathology. The reason for this growing interest is that DTI offers unique, noninvasive, and potentially diagnostically relevant imaging readouts of skeletal muscle structure that are difficult or impossible to obtain otherwise. DTI has been shown to be feasible within most skeletal muscles. DTI parameters are highly sensitive to patient-specific properties such as age, body mass index (BMI), and gender, but also to more transient factors such as exercise, rest, pressure, temperature, and relative joint position. However, when designing a DTI study one should not only be aware of sensitivity to the above-mentioned factors but also the fact that the DTI parameters are dependent on several acquisition parameters such as echo time, b-value, and diffusion mixing time. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of DTI studies covering the technical, demographic, and clinical aspects of DTI in skeletal muscles. First we will focus on the critical aspects of the acquisition protocol. Second, we will cover the reported normal variance in skeletal muscle diffusion parameters, and finally we provide an overview of clinical studies and reported parameter changes due to several (patho-)physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jos Oudeman
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aart J Nederveen
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gustav J Strijkers
- Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mario Maas
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter R Luijten
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Froeling
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Yanagisawa O, Kurihara T. Intramuscular water movement during and after isometric muscle contraction: evaluation at different exercise intensities. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2015; 36:368-75. [DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Yanagisawa
- Sports & Health Management Program; Faculty of Business & Information Sciences; Jobu University; Isesaki Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kurihara
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science; Ritsumeikan University; Kusatsu Japan
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Ha DH, Choi S, Kang EJ, Park HT. Diffusion tensor imaging and T2 mapping in early denervated skeletal muscle in rats. J Magn Reson Imaging 2014; 42:617-23. [PMID: 25504841 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the temporal changes of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) indices, T2 values, and visual signal intensity on various fat suppression techniques in the early state of denervated skeletal muscle in a rat model. METHODS Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee approval was obtained. Sciatic nerves of eight rats were transected for irreversible neurotmesis model. We examined normal lower leg and denervated muscles at 3 days, 1 week, and 2 weeks on a 3 Tesla MR. fractional anisotropy (FA), mean apparent diffusion coefficient (mADC), and T2 values were measured by using DTI and T2 mapping scan. We subjectively classified the signal intensity change on various fat suppression images into the following three grades: negative, suspicious, and definite change. Wilcoxon-sign rank test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for the comparison of FA, mADC, T2 values. McNemar's test was used for comparing signal intensity change among fat suppression techniques. RESULTS FA values of denervated muscles at 3 days (0.35 ± 0.06), 1 week (0.29 ± 0.04), and 2 weeks (0.34 ± 0.05) were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that in the control group (0.54 ± 0.17). mADC of denervated muscles decreased without statistically significant (P > 0.05) change. T2 values were significantly increased at 1 week (38.11 ± 6.42 ms, P = 0.017) and markedly increased at 2 weeks (46.53 ± 5.17 ms, P = 0.012). The grade of visual signal intensity change on chemical shift selective fat saturation, STIR and IDEAL images were identical in all cases (P = 1.000). CONCLUSION FA and T2 values can demonstrate the early temporal changes in denervated rat skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ho Ha
- Department of Radiology, Dong-A University Medical Center, Busan, Korea
| | - Sunseob Choi
- Department of Radiology, Dong-A University Medical Center, Busan, Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Kang
- Department of Radiology, Dong-A University Medical Center, Busan, Korea
| | - Hwan Tae Park
- Department of Microbiology, Medical Science Research Institute, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
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Li K, Dortch RD, Welch EB, Bryant ND, Buck AKW, Towse TF, Gochberg DF, Does MD, Damon BM, Park JH. Multi-parametric MRI characterization of healthy human thigh muscles at 3.0 T - relaxation, magnetization transfer, fat/water, and diffusion tensor imaging. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2014; 27:1070-84. [PMID: 25066274 PMCID: PMC4153695 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Muscle diseases commonly have clinical presentations of inflammation, fat infiltration, fibrosis, and atrophy. However, the results of existing laboratory tests and clinical presentations are not well correlated. Advanced quantitative MRI techniques may allow the assessment of myo-pathological changes in a sensitive and objective manner. To progress towards this goal, an array of quantitative MRI protocols was implemented for human thigh muscles; their reproducibility was assessed; and the statistical relationships among parameters were determined. These quantitative methods included fat/water imaging, multiple spin-echo T2 imaging (with and without fat signal suppression, FS), selective inversion recovery for T1 and quantitative magnetization transfer (qMT) imaging (with and without FS), and diffusion tensor imaging. Data were acquired at 3.0 T from nine healthy subjects. To assess the repeatability of each method, the subjects were re-imaged an average of 35 days later. Pre-testing lifestyle restrictions were applied to standardize physiological conditions across scans. Strong between-day intra-class correlations were observed in all quantitative indices except for the macromolecular-to-free water pool size ratio (PSR) with FS, a metric derived from qMT data. Two-way analysis of variance revealed no significant between-day differences in the mean values for any parameter estimate. The repeatability was further assessed with Bland-Altman plots, and low repeatability coefficients were obtained for all parameters. Among-muscle differences in the quantitative MRI indices and inter-class correlations among the parameters were identified. There were inverse relationships between fractional anisotropy (FA) and the second eigenvalue, the third eigenvalue, and the standard deviation of the first eigenvector. The FA was positively related to the PSR, while the other diffusion indices were inversely related to the PSR. These findings support the use of these T1 , T2 , fat/water, and DTI protocols for characterizing skeletal muscle using MRI. Moreover, the data support the existence of a common biophysical mechanism, water content, as a source of variation in these parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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Hara Y, Ikoma K, Kido M, Sukenari T, Arai Y, Fujiwara H, Kawata M, Kubo T. Diffusion tensor imaging assesses triceps surae dysfunction after achilles tenotomy in rats. J Magn Reson Imaging 2014; 41:1541-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Hara
- Department of Orthopaedics; Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; Kyoto Japan
| | - Kazuya Ikoma
- Department of Orthopaedics; Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; Kyoto Japan
| | - Masamitsu Kido
- Department of Orthopaedics; Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; Kyoto Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sukenari
- Department of Orthopaedics; Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; Kyoto Japan
| | - Yuji Arai
- Department of Orthopaedics; Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; Kyoto Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Fujiwara
- Department of Orthopaedics; Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; Kyoto Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Kawata
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology; Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; Kyoto Japan
| | - Toshikazu Kubo
- Department of Orthopaedics; Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; Kyoto Japan
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Froeling M, Nederveen AJ, Nicolay K, Strijkers GJ. DTI of human skeletal muscle: the effects of diffusion encoding parameters, signal-to-noise ratio and T2 on tensor indices and fiber tracts. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2013; 26:1339-52. [PMID: 23670990 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.2959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have performed simulations to address the effects of diffusion encoding parameters, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and T2 on skeletal muscle diffusion tensor indices and fiber tracts. Where appropriate, simulations were corroborated and validated by in vivo diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of human skeletal muscle. Specifically, we have addressed: (i) the accuracy and precision of the diffusion parameters and eigenvectors at different SNR levels; (ii) the effects of the diffusion gradient direction encoding scheme; (iii) the optimal b value for diffusion tensor estimation; (iv) the effects of changes in skeletal muscle T2; and, finally, the influence of SNR on fiber tractography and derived (v) fiber lengths, (vi) pennation angles and (vii) fiber curvatures. We conclude that accurate DTI of skeletal muscle requires an SNR of at least 25, a b value of between 400 and 500 s/mm(2), and data acquired with at least 12 diffusion gradient directions homogeneously distributed on half a sphere. Furthermore, for DTI studies focusing on skeletal muscle injury or pathology, apparent changes in the diffusion parameters need to be interpreted with great care in view of the confounding effects of T2, particularly for moderate to low SNR values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn Froeling
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Jiang K, Wang X, Lei H, Yang W, Wu Y. Investigation of muscle degeneration process in young rats with ischemia injury using MR diffusion tensor imaging. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2013; 2013:81-4. [PMID: 24109629 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6609442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is vulnerable to ischemia injury after direct trauma or indirect causes. Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been demonstrated to be a powerful tool to investigate muscle structures. However, most previous DTI studies that investigated ischemia muscle were performed on mature species, results of which may not apply on other age populations, such as young groups. In this study, age-related variation of muscle regeneration course after ischemia injury was investigated for the first time. Ten young and ten mature SD rats were induced ischemia in hindlimbs, and the evolutions of the skeletal muscle regeneration were longitudinally studied using DTI before and till 21 days after surgery. Results showed that the young group was more sensitive to ischemia and recovered more rapidly than the mature one. This study confirms the age-related variation of muscle regeneration process, and may provide supplemental information for better understanding of muscle repair evolution.
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Okamoto Y, Okamoto T, Yuka K, Hirano Y, Isobe T, Minami M. Correlation between pennation angle and image quality of skeletal muscle fibre tractography using deterministic diffusion tensor imaging. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2012; 56:622-7. [PMID: 23210581 DOI: 10.1111/j.1754-9485.2012.02450.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to ascertain whether a correlation existed between muscle pennation angle and the ability to successfully perform tractography of the lower leg muscle fibres with deterministic diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in normal volunteers. METHODS Fourteen volunteers aged 20-39 (mean 28.2 years old) were recruited. All volunteers were scanned using DTI, and six fibre tractographs were constructed from one lower leg of each volunteer, and the 'fibre density' was calculated in each of the tractographs. The pennation angle is the angle formed by the muscle fibre and the aponeurosis. The average pennation angle (AVPA) and standard deviation of the pennation angle (SDPA) were also measured for each muscle by ultrasonography in the same region as the MRI scan. For all 84 tractography images, the correlation coefficient between the fibre density and AVPA or SDPA was calculated. RESULTS Fibre density and AVPA showed a moderate negative correlation (R = -0.72), and fibre density and SDPA showed a weak negative correlation (R = -0.47). With respect to comparisons within each muscle, AVPA and fibre density showed a moderate negative correlation in the gastrocnemius lateralis muscle (R = -0.57). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that a larger, more variable pennation angle resulted in worse skeletal muscle tractography using deterministic DTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Okamoto
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Cadova M, Vilimek M, Daniel M. A comparative study of muscle force estimates using Huxley's and Hill's muscle model. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2012; 17:311-7. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2012.683426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Froeling M, Nederveen AJ, Heijtel DF, Lataster A, Bos C, Nicolay K, Maas M, Drost MR, Strijkers GJ. Diffusion-tensor MRI reveals the complex muscle architecture of the human forearm. J Magn Reson Imaging 2012; 36:237-48. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.23608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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HATA J, YAGI K, HIKISHIMA K, KOMAKI Y, GOTO M, YANO K. Diffusion Fractional Anisotropy-based Transformation in Skeletal Muscle Caused by Pressure. Magn Reson Med Sci 2012; 11:179-84. [DOI: 10.2463/mrms.11.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Damon BM, Buck AKW, Ding Z. Diffusion-Tensor MRI Based Skeletal Muscle Fiber Tracking. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 3:675-687. [PMID: 25429308 DOI: 10.2217/iim.11.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A skeletal muscle's function is strongly influenced by the internal organization and geometric properties of its fibers, a property known as muscle architecture. Diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging-based fiber tracking provides a powerful tool for non-invasive muscle architecture studies, has three-dimensional sensitivity, and uses a fixed frame of reference. Significant advances have been made in muscle fiber tracking technology, including defining seed points for fiber tracking, quantitatively characterizing muscle architecture, implementing denoising procedures, and testing validity and repeatability. Some examples exist of how these data can be integrated with those from other advanced MRI and computational methods to provide novel insights into muscle function. Perspectives are offered regarding future directions in muscle diffusion-tensor imaging, including needs to develop an improved understanding for the microstructural basis for reduced and anisotropic diffusion, establish the best practices for data acquisition and analysis, and integrate fiber tracking with other physiological data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce M Damon
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA ; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA ; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA ; Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
| | - Amanda K W Buck
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA ; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
| | - Zhaohua Ding
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA ; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA ; Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA ; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
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Diffusion property differences of the lower leg musculature between athletes and non-athletes using 1.5T MRI. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2011; 25:277-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s10334-011-0294-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Yanagisawa O, Kurihara T, Fukubayashi T. Alterations in intramuscular water movement associated with mechanical changes in human skeletal muscle fibers: an evaluation using magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging and B-mode ultrasonography. Acta Radiol 2011; 52:1003-8. [PMID: 21911840 DOI: 10.1258/ar.2011.110153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intramuscular water movement is expected to be affected by the mechanical changes of the muscle fibers. However, the effect of changes in fiber length (FL) and pennation angle (PA) on the water movement has not been sufficiently investigated in human skeletal muscles. PURPOSE To determine the relationship between intramuscular water movement and the mechanical changes in human muscle fibers. MATERIAL AND METHODS Axial magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted images of the right leg (eight men) were taken using a 1.5-Tesla device with the ankle joint maximally dorsiflexed and maximally plantar flexed. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of both the dorsiflexors (the superficial and deep parts of the tibialis anterior) and the plantar flexors (medial gastrocnemius and soleus) were calculated along three orthogonal axes (S-I: superior-to-inferior, A-P: anterior-to-posterior, and R-L: right-to-left). FL and PA of both muscle groups were also calculated from longitudinal B-mode ultrasound images with the ankle joint maximally dorsiflexed and plantar flexed. RESULTS There was a significant increase in the ADC in superficial (P < 0.05) and deep (P < 0.05) parts of the dorsiflexors in the S-I direction when the ankle was plantar flexed and in the A-P and R-L directions when the ankle was dorsiflexed (P < 0.05). The plantar flexors showed significantly elevated ADC in the S-I direction when the ankle was dorsiflexed (P < 0.05), and in the A-P and R-L directions when the ankle was plantar flexed (P < 0.05). The dorsiflexors also showed significantly increased PA and decreased FL values when the ankle was dorsiflexed (P < 0.05). The plantar flexors displayed similar morphological changes when the ankle was plantar flexed (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Water diffusion is affected by structural changes in the long axis of the muscle fibers, namely the changes in PA and FL.
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Ueno S. Studies on magnetism and bioelectromagnetics for 45 years: From magnetic analog memory to human brain stimulation and imaging. Bioelectromagnetics 2011; 33:3-22. [DOI: 10.1002/bem.20714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Strenuous resistance exercise effects on magnetic resonance diffusion parameters and muscle-tendon function in human skeletal muscle. J Magn Reson Imaging 2011; 34:887-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.22668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Sinha S, Sinha U. Reproducibility analysis of diffusion tensor indices and fiber architecture of human calf muscles in vivo at 1.5 Tesla in neutral and plantarflexed ankle positions at rest. J Magn Reson Imaging 2011; 34:107-19. [PMID: 21608064 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.22596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the reproducibility of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) -derived indices and fiber architecture of calf muscles at 1.5 Tesla (T), to establish an imaging based method to confirm ankle position, and to compare fiber architecture at different ankle positions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six subjects were imaged at 1.5T with the foot in neutral and plantarflexed positions. DTI indices were calculated in four muscle compartments (medial and lateral gastrocnemius [MG, LG], superficial and deep anterior tibialis [AT-S, AT-D]). Two subjects were scanned on 3 days to calculate the coefficient of variability (CV) and the repeatability coefficient (RC). RESULTS DTI indices were close to the values obtained in earlier 3T and 1.5T studies. Fractional anisotropy decreased significantly in the MG and increased significantly in the AT-S and AT-D compartments while fiber orientation with respect to the magnet Z-axis increased significantly in the MG and decreased significantly in the AT-S compartment with plantarflexion. The CV and RC for the DTI indices and fiber orientations were comparable to 3T studies. Fiber lengths and orientation angles in the MG matched corresponding measures from ultrasound studies. CONCLUSION DTI at 1.5T provides reproducible measures of diffusion indices and fiber architecture of calf muscle at different muscle lengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Sinha
- Muscle Imaging and Modeling Laboratory, Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, California 92121-0852, USA.
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In vivo diffusion tensor imaging and tractography of human thigh muscles in healthy subjects. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2010; 195:W352-6. [PMID: 20966300 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.09.3368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to assess whether similar measurements of mean apparent diffusion coefficient and fractional anisotropy in muscles can be obtained with regions of interest drawn on cross-sectional diffusion tensor images and tractography and to assess whether water diffusivity in human thigh muscles is influenced by muscular compartment, age, and sex. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Sixteen healthy volunteers (eight women, eight men) participated in this study. The right thigh of each subject was imaged with diffusion tensor imaging, and the mean apparent diffusion coefficient and fractional anisotropy values were calculated for each muscle of the quadriceps femoris and hamstrings. Fiber tracking was performed with a line propagation technique from the regions of interest drawn on cross-sectional diffusion tensor images. RESULTS The water diffusivity parameters obtained with tractography did not differ significantly from those obtained with diffusion tensor imaging in the three regions of interest evaluated in each muscle. The mean apparent diffusion coefficient of women (1.80 × 10⁻³ mm²/s) was similar to that of men (1.79 × 10⁻³ mm²/s). Women and men had identical fractional anisotropy values (0.26). The fractional anisotropy value in young volunteers (0.27) was similar to that in older subjects (0.26). The hamstrings had a lower mean apparent diffusion coefficient (1.64 × 10⁻³ mm²/s) than the quadriceps femoris (1.91 × 10⁻³ mm²/s), but the quadriceps femoris had a significantly lower fractional anisotropy value (0.25) than the hamstrings (0.28). CONCLUSION Our study showed that the water diffusivity values (mean apparent diffusion coefficient and fractional anisotropy) of the thigh muscles did not differ significantly with respect to sex or age of the subject. The quadriceps femoris and the hamstrings did have different mean apparent diffusion coefficient and fractional anisotropy values, which may reflect differences in hydration and muscular architecture.
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Tractography of peripheral nerves and skeletal muscles. Eur J Radiol 2010; 76:391-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2010.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Froeling M, Oudeman J, van den Berg S, Nicolay K, Maas M, Strijkers GJ, Drost MR, Nederveen AJ. Reproducibility of diffusion tensor imaging in human forearm muscles at 3.0 T in a clinical setting. Magn Reson Med 2010; 64:1182-90. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Heemskerk AM, Sinha TK, Wilson KJ, Ding Z, Damon BM. Repeatability of DTI-based skeletal muscle fiber tracking. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2010; 23:294-303. [PMID: 20099372 PMCID: PMC4416059 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based muscle fiber tracking enables the measurement of muscle architectural parameters, such as pennation angle (theta) and fiber tract length (L(ft)), throughout the entire muscle. Little is known, however, about the repeatability of either the muscle architectural measures or the underlying diffusion measures. Therefore, the goal of this study was to investigate the repeatability of DTI fiber tracking-based measurements and theta and L(ft). Four DTI acquisitions were performed on two days that allowed for between acquisition, within day, and between day analyses. The eigenvalues and fractional anisotropy were calculated at the maximum cross-sectional area of, and fiber tracking was performed in, the tibialis anterior muscle of nine healthy subjects. The between acquisitions condition had the highest repeatability for the DTI indices and the architectural parameters. The overall inter class correlation coefficients (ICC's) were greater than 0.6 for both theta and L(ft) and the repeatability coefficients were theta < 10.2 degrees and L(ft) < 50 mm. In conclusion, under the experimental and data analysis conditions used, the repeatability of the diffusion measures is very good and repeatability of the architectural measurements is acceptable. Therefore, this study demonstrates the feasibility for longitudinal studies of alterations in muscle architecture using DTI-based fiber tracking, under similar noise conditions and with similar diffusion characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneriet M Heemskerk
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, USA.
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Schwenzer NF, Steidle G, Martirosian P, Schraml C, Springer F, Claussen CD, Schick F. Diffusion tensor imaging of the human calf muscle: distinct changes in fractional anisotropy and mean diffusion due to passive muscle shortening and stretching. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2009; 22:1047-1053. [PMID: 19618408 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The influence of passive shortening and stretching of the calf muscles on diffusion characteristics was investigated. The diffusion tensor was measured in transverse slices through the lower leg of eight healthy volunteers (29 +/- 7 years) on a 3 T whole-body MR unit in three different positions of the foot (40 degrees plantarflexion, neutral ankle position (0 degrees ), and -10 degrees dorsiflexion in the ankle). Maps of the mean diffusivity, the three eigenvalues of the tensor and fractional anisotropy (FA) were calculated. Results revealed a distinct dependence of the mean diffusivity and FA on the foot position and the related shortening and stretching of the muscle groups. The tibialis anterior muscle showed a significant increase of 19% in FA with increasing dorsiflexion, while the FA of the antagonists significantly decreased ( approximately 20%). Regarding the mean diffusivity of the diffusion tensor, the muscle groups showed an opposed response to muscle elongation and shortening. Regarding the eigenvalues of the diffusion tensor, lambda(2) and lambda(3) showed significant changes in relation to muscle length. In contrast, no change in lambda(1) could be found. This work reveals significant changes in diffusional characteristics induced by passive muscle shortening and stretching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina F Schwenzer
- Section on Experimental Radiology, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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Karampinos DC, King KF, Sutton BP, Georgiadis JG. Myofiber ellipticity as an explanation for transverse asymmetry of skeletal muscle diffusion MRI in vivo signal. Ann Biomed Eng 2009; 37:2532-46. [PMID: 19763830 PMCID: PMC6617521 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-009-9783-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2008] [Accepted: 08/19/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Due to its unique non-invasive microstructure probing capabilities, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) constitutes a valuable tool in the study of fiber orientation in skeletal muscles. By implementing a DTI sequence with judiciously chosen directional encoding to quantify in vivo the microarchitectural properties in the calf muscles of three healthy volunteers at rest, we report that the secondary eigenvalue is significantly higher than the tertiary eigenvalue, a phenomenon corroborated by prior DTI findings. Toward a physics-based explanation of this phenomenon, we propose a composite medium model that accounts for water diffusion in the space within the muscle fiber and the extracellular space. The muscle fibers are abstracted as cylinders of infinite length with an elliptical cross section, the latter closely approximating microstructural features well documented in prior histological studies of excised muscle. The range of values of fiber ellipticity predicted by our model agrees with these studies, and the spatial orientation of the cross-sectional ellipses is consistent with local muscle strain fields and the putative direction of lateral transmission of stress between fibers in certain regions in three antigravity muscles (Tibialis Anterior, Soleus, and Gastrocnemius), as well as independent measurements of deformation in active calf muscles. As a metric, fiber cross-sectional ellipticity may be useful for quantifying morphological changes in skeletal muscle fibers with aging, hypertrophy, or sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios C. Karampinos
- Department of Mechanical Science & Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kevin F. King
- Applied Science Laboratory, GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, USA
| | - Bradley P. Sutton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - John G. Georgiadis
- Department of Mechanical Science & Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- 2144 Mechanical Engineering Laboratory, 1206 West Green Street, MC-244, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Kan JH, Heemskerk AM, Ding Z, Gregory A, Mencio G, Spindler K, Damon BM. DTI-based muscle fiber tracking of the quadriceps mechanism in lateral patellar dislocation. J Magn Reson Imaging 2009; 29:663-70. [PMID: 19243049 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.21687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the feasibility of using diffusion tensor MRI (DT-MRI) -based muscle fiber tracking to create biomechanical models of the quadriceps mechanism in healthy subjects and those with chronic lateral patellar dislocation (LPD). MATERIALS AND METHODS Four healthy (average 14.5 years old; BMI 21.8) and four chronic LPD (average 17.3 years old; BMI 22.4) females underwent DT and axial T1W MRI of the thighs. The anatomical and physiologic cross-sectional areas (ACSA and PCSA, respectively) and pennation angle were calculated of the vastus lateralis oblique (VLO) and vastus medialis oblique (VMO) muscles. The predicted resultant force vector on the patella was calculated. RESULTS The VLO pennation angles in healthy and LPD subjects were 18.7 and 14.5 degrees, respectively (P=0.141). The VMO pennation angles in healthy and LPD subjects were 11.4 and 14.8 degrees, respectively (P=0.02). The ACSA and PCSA VLO:VMO ratios in healthy and LPD subjects were 1.9:1.6 and 2.1:1.6, respectively (P=0.025 and 0.202, respectively). Regardless of whether ACSA or PCSA was used to predict resultant lateral force vectors, the values differed between healthy and LPD subjects (approximately 2 and approximately 5.3 degrees, respectively; P<0.05). CONCLUSION Chronic LPD patients had more laterally directed predicted resultant force vectors than healthy subjects. Our preliminary results suggest that biomechanical models of the quadriceps mechanism in patients with chronic LPD and healthy subjects can be created in healthy subjects and patients with chronic LPD using DT-MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Herman Kan
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA.
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Heemskerk AM, Sinha TK, Wilson KJ, Ding Z, Damon BM. Quantitative assessment of DTI-based muscle fiber tracking and optimal tracking parameters. Magn Reson Med 2009; 61:467-72. [PMID: 19161166 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.21819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging-based fiber tracking in skeletal muscle has been used to reconstruct and quantify muscle architecture. In addition, the consistent pattern of muscle fiber geometry enables a quantitative assessment of the fiber tracking. This work describes a method to determine the accuracy of individual muscle fiber tracts based on the location at which the fibers terminate, the fiber path, and similarity to the neighboring fibers. In addition, the effect of different stop criteria settings on this quantitative assessment was investigated. Fiber tracking was performed on the tibialis anterior muscle of nine healthy subjects. Complete fiber tracts covered 89.4 +/- 9.6% and 75.0 +/- 15.2% of the aponeurosis area in the superficial and deep compartments, respectively. Applications of the method include the exclusion of erroneous fiber-tracking results, quantitative assessment of data set quality, and the assessment of fiber-tracking stop criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneriet M Heemskerk
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, USA.
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Holl N, Echaniz-Laguna A, Bierry G, Mohr M, Loeffler JP, Moser T, Dietemann JL, Kremer S. Diffusion-weighted MRI of denervated muscle: a clinical and experimental study. Skeletal Radiol 2008; 37:1111-7. [PMID: 18682930 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-008-0552-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2008] [Revised: 06/18/2008] [Accepted: 06/19/2008] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate skeletal muscle denervation using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWMRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Sciatic nerve axotomy was performed in a group of nine New Zealand White rabbits, and electromyographic (EMG), pathological, and DWMRI studies were conducted on ipsilateral hamstring muscles 1 and 8 days after axotomy. In addition, DWMRI studies were carried out on leg muscles of ten patients with acute and subacute lumbosacral radiculopathy. RESULTS High intensity signals on short tau inversion recovery (STIR) magnetic resonance imaging and an increased apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were observed in denervated muscles of the animals 1 and 8 days after axotomy as well as in denervated muscles of the patients with radiculopathy. In the clinical study, ADC was 1.26 +/- 0.18 x 10(-9) m(2)/s in normal muscle and increased to 1.56 +/- 0.23 x 10(-9) m(2)/s in denervated muscles (p = 0.0016). In animals, EMG and muscle pathological studies were normal 1 day after axotomy, and the muscles demonstrated spontaneous activity on EMG and neurogenic atrophy on histological studies 7 days later. CONCLUSION This DWMRI study demonstrates that enlargement of extracellular fluid space in muscle denervation is an early phenomenon occurring several days before the appearance of EMG and histological abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Holl
- Service de Radiologie 2, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Avenue Molière, 67098, Strasbourg, France
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Damon BM. Effects of image noise in muscle diffusion tensor (DT)-MRI assessed using numerical simulations. Magn Reson Med 2008; 60:934-44. [PMID: 18816814 PMCID: PMC2570042 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.21707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2008] [Accepted: 04/29/2008] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Diffusion tensor (DT)-MRI studies of skeletal muscle provide information about muscle architecture, microstructure, and damage. However, the effects of noise, the diffusion weighting (b)-value, and partial volume artifacts on the estimation of the diffusion tensor (D) are unknown. This study investigated these issues using Monte Carlo simulations of 3 x 9 voxel regions of interest (ROIs) containing muscle, adipose tissue, and intermediate degrees of muscle volume fractions (f(M)). A total of 1000 simulations were performed for each of eight b-values and 11 SNR levels. The dependencies of the eigenvalues (lambda(1-3)), mean diffusivity (lambda), and fractional anisotropy (FA), and the angular deviation of the first eigenvector from its true value (alpha) were observed. For moderate b-values (b = 435-725 s/mm(2)) and f(M) = 1, an accuracy of 5% was obtained for lambda(1-3), lambda, and FA with an SNR of 25. An accuracy of 1% was obtained for lambda(1-3), lambda, and FA with f(M) = 1 and SNR = 50. For regions with f(M) = 8/9, 5% accuracy was obtained with SNR = 40. For alpha, SNRs of >or=25 and >or=45 were required for +/-4.5 degrees uncertainty with f(M) = 1 and f(M) = 0.5, respectively; SNR >or= 60 was required for +/-9 degrees uncertainty in single muscle voxels. These findings may influence the design and interpretation of DT-MRI studies of muscle microstructure, damage, and architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce M Damon
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2675, USA.
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Selective neurectomy of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles for calf hypertrophy: an anatomical study and 700 clinical cases. Plast Reconstr Surg 2008; 122:178-187. [PMID: 18594403 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0b013e3181774199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calf hypertrophy is of concern to Asians. Liposuction and muscle resection are used with reasonable results. A technique of selective neurectomy of the medial gastrocnemius and soleus muscles is used to improve results of calf reduction. METHODS Between 1999 and 2006, 700 patients underwent neurectomy of the medial gastrocnemius and half of the soleus muscle without liposuction. Gait analysis was performed on six and electromyographic studies were performed on 20 patients. Preoperative circumference was 34.1 cm. An anatomical study was performed on seven cadaver limbs. All branches of the popliteal nerve were noted. RESULTS Reduction in circumference was 2.67 cm at 14 months. Short-term disability was noted in 2.57 percent. Complications were noted in less than 5 percent. Dissatisfaction was noted in 4 percent (28 of 700 patients). Electromyography showed denervation of the medial gastrocnemius. Gait analysis revealed normal gait. Anatomical studies showed the nerve to the soleus had a medial and lateral branch (seven of seven). One twig of the medial branch of the soleus muscle pierced and innervated the medial gastrocnemius muscle (three of seven). CONCLUSION Selective neurectomy can offer an effective method of reducing calf circumference and improving contour.
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Fan RH, Does MD. Compartmental relaxation and diffusion tensor imaging measurements in vivo in lambda-carrageenan-induced edema in rat skeletal muscle. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2008; 21:566-73. [PMID: 18041804 PMCID: PMC2694448 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Integrated diffusion tensor T(2) measurements were made on normal and edematous rat muscle, and the data were fitted with one- and two-compartment models, respectively. Edematous muscle exhibited a short-lived component (T(2) = 28 +/- 6 ms), with diffusion characteristics similar to that of normal muscle, and a long-lived component (T(2) = 96 +/- 27 ms), with greater mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and lower fractional anisotropy (FA). With this two-component description of diffusion and relaxation, values of ADC and FA estimated with a conventional pulsed-gradient spin-echo sequence will depend on the echo time, relative fraction of short-lived and long-lived water signals, and the intrinsic ADC and FA values within the tissue. On the basis of the relative differences in water diffusion properties between long-lived and short-lived water signals, as well as the similarities between the short-lived component and normal tissue, it is postulated that these two signal components largely reflect intracellular and extracellular water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reuben H. Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University
| | - Mark D. Does
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University
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Lansdown DA, Ding Z, Wadington M, Hornberger JL, Damon BM. Quantitative diffusion tensor MRI-based fiber tracking of human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2007; 103:673-81. [PMID: 17446411 PMCID: PMC4440488 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00290.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) offers great potential for understanding structure-function relationships in human skeletal muscles. The purposes of this study were to demonstrate the feasibility of using in vivo human DT-MRI fiber tracking data for making pennation angle measurements and to test the hypothesis that heterogeneity in the orientation of the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle's aponeurosis would lead to heterogeneity in pennation angle. Eight healthy subjects (5 male) were studied. T(1)-weighted anatomical MRI and DT-MRI data were acquired of the TA muscle. Fibers were tracked from the TA's aponeurosis by following the principal eigenvector. The orientations of the aponeurosis and muscle fiber tracts in the laboratory frame of reference and the orientation of the fiber tracts with respect to the aponeurosis [i.e., the pennation angle (theta)] were determined. The muscle fiber orientations, when expressed relative to the laboratory frame of reference, did not change as functions of superior-to-inferior position. The sagittal and coronal orientations of the aponeurosis did not change in practically significant manners either, but the aponeurosis' axial orientation changed by approximately 40 degrees . As a result, the mean value for theta decreased from 16.3 (SD 6.9) to 11.4 degrees (SD 5.0) along the muscle's superior-to-inferior direction. The mean value of theta was greater in the deep than in the superficial compartment. We conclude that pennation angle measurements of human muscle made using DT-MRI muscle fiber tracking are feasible and reveal that in the foot-head direction, there is heterogeneity in the pennation properties of the human TA muscle.
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Abstract
Diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTI) offers great potential for understanding structure-function relationships in skeletal muscle. The basis for these studies is that water diffuses more readily along the long axes of muscle fibers than along their transverse axes. This diffusion anisotropy can be characterized using a tensor, with the orientation of the principal eigenvalue corresponding to the long axis of the muscle fiber. These local, voxel-based directions can be combined by a fiber tracking algorithm to reconstruct the whole-muscle architecture. The fiber tracking data can be used to characterize important muscle architectural parameters, such as pennation angle, fiber length, and physiological cross-sectional area. The second and third eigenvalues convey information about muscle structural properties along the fibers' transverse axes. A comprehensive description of the sources of transverse diffusion restriction in muscle and how their relative importance may vary with the image acquisition conditions does not yet exist, but may ultimately make DTI a useful tool in studies of skeletal muscle microstructure as well. Ultimately, DTI-based longitudinal studies of changes in muscle architecture may provide insight into the relationships between structure and function in muscle, the time frames of muscle wasting, and in studying adaptations that maintain muscle functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneriet M. Heemskerk
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Bruce M. Damon
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
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46
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Morvan D, Leroy-Willig A, Malgouyres A, Cuenod CA, Jehenson P, Syrota A. Simultaneous temperature and regional blood volume measurements in human muscle using an MRI fast diffusion technique. Magn Reson Med 1993; 26:1220-4. [PMID: 8450745 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.2938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
The thermal dependence of the translational diffusion coefficient and of the regional blood volume was investigated in vivo by using a special MR pulsed gradient technique with reduced sensitivity to bulk tissue motion. Measurements were done at 0.5 T, using a small gradient insert. The diffusion coefficient of muscle water was calibrated against thermocouple-measured temperature in vitro, both with the muscle fibers parallel and perpendicular to the diffusion gradient. The maximum muscle temperature variation obtained by percutaneous conduction was -8.8 +/- 1.6 degrees C under cooling and +3.7 +/- 1.6 degrees C under heating, from basal state. Simultaneously the fractional regional blood volume decreased by a factor of 3.5 under cooling and increased by a factor of 2.7 under heating. Due to the interdependence of microcirculation and tissue temperature, this technique may be used to follow heat production or deposition in living tissue (muscle exercise, electromagnetic irradiation, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- D Morvan
- Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, C.E.A., Orsay, France
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