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Mohamad I, Hejleh TA, Qandeel M, Al-Hussaini M, Koro S, Taqash A, Almousa A, Abuhijla F, Abuhijlih R, Ajlouni F, Al-Ibraheem A, Laban DA, Hussein T, Mayta E, Al-Gargaz W, Hosni A. Concordance between head and neck MRI and histopathology in detecting laryngeal subsite invasion among patients with laryngeal cancer. Cancer Imaging 2023; 23:99. [PMID: 37858162 PMCID: PMC10585883 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-023-00618-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accuracy of head and neck MRI (HN-MRI) in predicting tumor invasion of laryngeal site/subsites in patients with laryngeal cancer prior to laryngectomy is poorly evaluated in the literature. Therefore, we aim to evaluate the diagnostic value of HN-MRI in accurate pre-operative estimation of tumor invasion to laryngeal subsites in patients with laryngeal cancer. METHODS Patients with laryngeal cancer who underwent HN-MRI for cancer staging and underwent total laryngectomy between 2008 and 2021 were included. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and overall accuracy of HN-MRI in predicting tumor invasion of laryngeal subsites were calculated based on concordance between the HN-MRI and histopathological results. RESULTS One hundred and thirty-seven patients underwent total laryngectomy [primary: 82/137(60%), salvage 55/137(40%)]. The utilization of HN-MRI resulted in the downstaging of 16/137 (11.6%) patients and the upstaging of 8/137 (5.8%) patients. For the whole cohort, there was a significant discordance between HN-MRI and histopathology for T-category; out of 116 cT4a disease, 102(87.9%) were confirmed to have pT4a disease, and out of 17 cT3 disease, 9(52.9%) were confirmed to have pT3 disease, p < 0.001. The MRI overall diagnostic accuracy of predicting tumor invasion was 91%, 92%, 82%, 87%, 72%, 76%, 65% and 68% for base of tongue, arytenoid, vocal cord, posterior commissure, pre-epiglottic space, cricoid cartilage, inner thyroid cortex, and subglottis, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In patients with laryngeal cancer undergoing total laryngectomy, HN-MRI demonstrates promising accuracy in predicting tumor invasion of specific laryngeal subsites (e.g., base of tongue). Our findings showed the potential of HN-MRI as a valuable tool for pre-operative planning and treatment decision-making in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issa Mohamad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Taher Abu Hejleh
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Monther Qandeel
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Maysa Al-Hussaini
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sami Koro
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ayat Taqash
- Department of Biostatistics, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Abdelatif Almousa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Fawzi Abuhijla
- Department of Radiation Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ramiz Abuhijlih
- Department of Radiation Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Fatenah Ajlouni
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Akram Al-Ibraheem
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Dima Abu Laban
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Tariq Hussein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ebrahim Mayta
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Wisam Al-Gargaz
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Special Surgery, Jordan , University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ali Hosni
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Herbst CT, Emerich K, Mayr MA, Rudisch A, Kremser C, Talasz H, Kofler M. Time-Synchronized MRI-Assessment of Respiratory Apparatus Subsystems-A Feasibility Study. J Voice 2023:S0892-1997(22)00358-7. [PMID: 36642590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The thorax (TH), the thoracic diaphragm (TD), and the abdominal wall (AW) are three sub-systems of the respiratory apparatus whose displacement motion has been well studied with the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Another sub-system, which has however received less research attention with respect to breathing, is the pelvic floor (PF). In particular, there is no study that has investigated the displacement of all four sub-systems simultaneously. Addressing this issue, it was the purpose of this feasibility study to establish a data acquisition paradigm for time-synchronous quantitative analysis of dynamic MRI data from these four major contributors to respiration and phonation (TH, TD, AW, and PF). Three healthy females were asked to breathe in and out forcefully while being recorded in a 1.5-Tesla whole body MR-scanner. Spanning a sequence of 15.12 seconds, 40 MRI data frames were acquired. Each data frame contained two slices, simultaneously documenting the mid-sagittal (TH, TD, PF) and transversal (AW) planes. The displacement motion of the four anatomical structures of interest was documented using kymographic analysis, resulting in time-varying calibrated structure displacement data. After computing the fundamental frequency of the cyclical breathing motion, the phase offsets of the TH, PF, and AW with respect to the TD were computed. Data analysis revealed three fundamentally different displacement patterns. Total structure displacement was in the range of 0.94 cm (TH) to 4.27 cm (TD). Phase delays of up to 90∘ (i.e., a quarter of a breathing cycle) between different structures were found. Motion offsets in the range of -28.30∘ to 14.90∘ were computed for the PF with respect to the TD. The diversity of results in only three investigated participants suggests a variety of possible breathing strategies, warranting further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian T Herbst
- Department of Vocal Studies, Mozarteum University, Salzburg, Austria; Janette Ogg Voice Research Center, Shenandoah Conservatory, Winchester, VA, USA.
| | - Kate Emerich
- University of Denver, Lamont School of Music, Newman Center for the Performing Arts, Denver, CO, USA; Vocal Essentials, LLC., Denver, CO, USA
| | - Michaela A Mayr
- Antonio Salieri Department of Vocal Studies and Vocal Research in Music Education, University of Music and Performing Arts, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ansgar Rudisch
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Helena Talasz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hochzirl Hospital, Zirl, Austria
| | - Markus Kofler
- Department of Neurology, Hochzirl Hospital, Zirl, Austria
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Dziewas R, Allescher HD, Aroyo I, Bartolome G, Beilenhoff U, Bohlender J, Breitbach-Snowdon H, Fheodoroff K, Glahn J, Heppner HJ, Hörmann K, Ledl C, Lücking C, Pokieser P, Schefold JC, Schröter-Morasch H, Schweikert K, Sparing R, Trapl-Grundschober M, Wallesch C, Warnecke T, Werner CJ, Weßling J, Wirth R, Pflug C. Diagnosis and treatment of neurogenic dysphagia - S1 guideline of the German Society of Neurology. Neurol Res Pract 2021; 3:23. [PMID: 33941289 PMCID: PMC8094546 DOI: 10.1186/s42466-021-00122-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neurogenic dysphagia defines swallowing disorders caused by diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system, neuromuscular transmission, or muscles. Neurogenic dysphagia is one of the most common and at the same time most dangerous symptoms of many neurological diseases. Its most important sequelae include aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition and dehydration, and affected patients more often require long-term care and are exposed to an increased mortality. Based on a systematic pubmed research of related original papers, review articles, international guidelines and surveys about the diagnostics and treatment of neurogenic dysphagia, a consensus process was initiated, which included dysphagia experts from 27 medical societies. Recommendations This guideline consists of 53 recommendations covering in its first part the whole diagnostic spectrum from the dysphagia specific medical history, initial dysphagia screening and clinical assessment, to more refined instrumental procedures, such as flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing, the videofluoroscopic swallowing study and high-resolution manometry. In addition, specific clinical scenarios are captured, among others the management of patients with nasogastric and tracheotomy tubes. The second part of this guideline is dedicated to the treatment of neurogenic dysphagia. Apart from dietary interventions and behavioral swallowing treatment, interventions to improve oral hygiene, pharmacological treatment options, different modalities of neurostimulation as well as minimally invasive and surgical therapies are dealt with. Conclusions The diagnosis and treatment of neurogenic dysphagia is challenging and requires a joined effort of different medical professions. While the evidence supporting the implementation of dysphagia screening is rather convincing, further trials are needed to improve the quality of evidence for more refined methods of dysphagia diagnostics and, in particular, the different treatment options of neurogenic dysphagia. The present article is an abridged and translated version of the guideline recently published online (https://www.awmf.org/uploads/tx_szleitlinien/030-111l_Neurogene-Dysphagie_2020-05.pdf).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Dziewas
- Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinik Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany. .,Klinik für Neurologie und Neurologische Frührehabilitation, Klinikum Osnabrück, Am Finkenhügel 1, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - Hans-Dieter Allescher
- Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Klinikum Garmisch-Partenkirchen GmbH, Auenstraße 6, 82467, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
| | - Ilia Aroyo
- Klinik für Neurologie und Neurointensivmedizin, Klinikum Darmstadt, Grafenstr. 9, 64283, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | | | - Jörg Bohlender
- Universitätsspital Zürich, ORL-Klinik, Abteilung für Phoniatrie und Klinische Logopädie, Frauenklinikstr. 24, 8091, Zürich, Schweiz
| | - Helga Breitbach-Snowdon
- Schule für Logopädie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Kardinal-von-Galen-Ring 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Jörg Glahn
- Universitätsklinik für Neurologie und Neurogeriatrie, Johannes Wesling Klinikum Minden, Hans-Nolte Strasse 1, 32429, Minden, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Heppner
- Private Universität Witten/Herdecke gGmbH, Alfred-Herrhausen-Straße 50, 58448, Witten, Germany
| | - Karl Hörmann
- University Medical Centre Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Ledl
- Abteilung Sprach-, Sprech- und Schlucktherapie, Schön Klinik Bad Aibling SE & Co. KG, Kolbermoorer Str. 72, 83043, Bad Aibling, Germany
| | - Christoph Lücking
- Schön Klinik München Schwabing, Parzivalplatz 4, 80804, München, Germany
| | - Peter Pokieser
- Medizinische Universität Wien, Teaching Center / Unified Patient Program, AKH Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Wien, Österreich
| | - Joerg C Schefold
- Universitätsklinik für Intensivmedizin, Inselspital, Universitätsspital Bern, 3010, Bern, Schweiz
| | | | - Kathi Schweikert
- REHAB Basel, Klinik für Neurorehabilitation und Paraplegiologie, Im Burgfelderhof 40, 4012, Basel, Schweiz
| | - Roland Sparing
- VAMED Klinik Hattingen GmbH, Rehabilitationszentrum für Neurologie, Neurochirurgie, Neuropädiatrie, Am Hagen 20, 45527, Hattingen, Germany
| | - Michaela Trapl-Grundschober
- Klinische Abteilung für Neurologie, Therapeutischer Dienst, Universitätsklinikum Tulln, Karl Landsteiner Privatuniversität für Gesundheitswissenschaften, Alter Ziegelweg 10, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Österreich
| | - Claus Wallesch
- BDH-Klinik Elzach gGmbH, Am Tannwald 1, 79215, Elzach, Germany
| | - Tobias Warnecke
- Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinik Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Cornelius J Werner
- Sektion Interdisziplinäre Geriatrie, Klinik für Neurologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Johannes Weßling
- Zentrum für Radiologie, Neuroradiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Clemenskrankenhaus Münster, Düesbergweg 124, 48153, Münster, Germany
| | - Rainer Wirth
- Klinik für Altersmedizin und Frührehabilitation, Marien Hospital Herne, Universitätsklinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Katholische Kliniken Rhein-Ruhr, Hölkeskampring 40, 44625, Herne, Germany
| | - Christina Pflug
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hör-, Stimm- und Sprachheilkunde, Universitäres Dysphagiezentrum Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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3D-CT Evaluation of Swallowing: Metrics of the Swallowing Response Using Swallowing CT. Dysphagia 2021; 37:237-249. [PMID: 33818630 PMCID: PMC8948108 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-021-10288-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Videofluoroscopy and videoendoscopy dramatically changed the evaluation and management of swallowing disorders. Later advancements in techniques for the instrumental evaluation of swallowing were limited by technique and positioning. The advent of 320-row area detector CT solved previous challenges and allowed for the study of swallowing physiology and dysphagia in greater detail. In this summary, we describe the history and evolution of CT technology and describe research and clinical applications for the evaluation of swallowing physiology and pathophysiology.
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Line scan-based rapid magnetic resonance imaging of repetitive motion. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4505. [PMID: 33627753 PMCID: PMC7904786 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83954-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) line scan-based dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is examined as a means to capture the interior of objects under repetitive motion with high spatiotemporal resolutions. The method was demonstrated in a 9.4-T animal MRI scanner where line-by-line segmented k-space acquisition enabled recording movements of an agarose phantom and quail eggs in different conditions—raw and cooked. A custom MR-compatible actuator which utilized the Lorentz force on its wire loops in the scanner’s main magnetic field effectively induced the required periodic movements of the objects inside the magnet. The line-by-line k-space segmentation was achieved by acquiring a single k-space line for every frame in a motion period before acquisition of another line with a different phase-encode gradient in the succeeding motion period. The reconstructed time-course images accurately represented the objects’ displacements with temporal resolutions up to 5.5 ms. The proposed method can drastically increase the temporal resolution of MRI for imaging rapid periodic motion of objects while preserving adequate spatial resolution for internal details when their movements are driven by a reliable motion-inducing mechanism.
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Choi H, Choi B, Yu B, Li W, Matsumoto MM, Harris KR, Lewandowski RJ, Larson AC, Mouli SK, Kim DH. On-demand degradable embolic microspheres for immediate restoration of blood flow during image-guided embolization procedures. Biomaterials 2020; 265:120408. [PMID: 32992115 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Degradable embolic agents that provide transient arterial occlusion during embolization procedures have been of interest for many years. Ideally, embolic agents are visible with standard imaging modalities and offer on-demand degradability, permitting physicians to achieve desired arterial occlusion tailored to patient and procedure indication. Subsequent arterial recanalization potentially enhances the overall safety and efficacy of embolization procedures. Here, we report on-demand degradable and MRI-visible microspheres for embolotherapy. Embolic microspheres composed of calcium alginate and USPIO nanoclusters were synthesized with an air spray atomization and coagulation reservoir equipped with a vacuum suction. An optimized distance between spray nozzle and reservoir allowed uniform size and narrow size distribution of microspheres. The fabricated alginate embolic microspheres crosslinked with Ca2+ demonstrated highly responsive on-demand degradation properties in vitro and in vivo. Finally, the feasibility of using the microspheres for clinical embolization and recanalization procedures was evaluated with interventional radiologists in rabbits. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) guided embolization of hepatic arteries with these embolic microspheres was successfully performed and the occlusion of artery was confirmed with DSA images and contrast enhanced MRI. T2 MRI visibility of the microspheres allowed to monitor the distribution of intra-arterial (IA) infused embolic microspheres. Subsequent on-demand image-guided recanalization procedures were also successfully performed with rapid degradation of microspheres upon intra-arterial infusion of an ion chelating agent. These instant degradable embolic microspheres will permit effective on-demand embolization/recanalization procedures offering great promise to overcome limitations of currently available permanent and biodegradable embolic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjun Choi
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Bongseo Choi
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Weiguo Li
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Monica M Matsumoto
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Kathleen R Harris
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Robert J Lewandowski
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Andrew C Larson
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Samdeep K Mouli
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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Yang J, Mohamed ASR, Bahig H, Ding Y, Wang J, Ng SP, Lai S, Miller A, Hutcheson KA, Fuller CD. Automatic registration of 2D MR cine images for swallowing motion estimation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228652. [PMID: 32045464 PMCID: PMC7012439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To automate the estimation of swallowing motion from 2D MR cine images using deformable registration for future applications of personalized margin reduction in head and neck radiotherapy and outcome assessment of radiation-associated dysphagia. METHODS Twenty-one patients with serial 2D FSPGR-MR cine scans of the head and neck conducted through the course of definitive radiotherapy for oropharyngeal cancer. Included patients had at least one cine scan before, during, or after radiotherapy, with a total of 52 cine scans. Contours of 7 swallowing related regions-of-interest (ROIs), including pharyngeal constrictor, epiglottis, base of tongue, geniohyoid, hyoid, soft palate, and larynx, were manually delineated from consecutive frames of the cine scan covering at least one swallowing cycle. We applied a modified thin-plate-spline robust-point-matching algorithm to register the point sets of each ROI automatically over frames. The deformation vector fields from the registration were then used to estimate the motion during swallowing for each ROI. Registration errors were estimated by comparing the deformed contours with the manual contours. RESULTS On average 22 frames of each cine scan were contoured. The registration for one cine scan (7 ROIs over 22 frames) on average took roughly 22 minutes. A number of 8018 registrations were successfully batch processed without human interaction after the contours were drawn. The average registration error for all ROIs and all patients was 0.36 mm (range: 0.06 mm- 2.06 mm). Larynx had the average largest motion in superior direction of all structures under consideration (range: 0.0 mm- 58.7 mm). Geniohyoid had the smallest overall motion of all ROIs under consideration and the superior-inferior motion was larger than the anterior-posterior motion for all ROIs. CONCLUSION We developed and validated a deformable registration framework to automate the estimation of swallowing motion from 2D MR cine scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhong Yang
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Abdallah S. R. Mohamed
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Houda Bahig
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Yao Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Jihong Wang
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Sweet Ping Ng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Stephen Lai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Austin Miller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Kate A. Hutcheson
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CDF); (KAH)
| | - Clifton Dave Fuller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CDF); (KAH)
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Kozak BM, Jaimes C, Kirsch J, Gee MS. MRI Techniques to Decrease Imaging Times in Children. Radiographics 2020; 40:485-502. [PMID: 32031912 DOI: 10.1148/rg.2020190112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Long acquisition times can limit the use of MRI in pediatric patients, and the use of sedation or general anesthesia is frequently necessary to facilitate diagnostic examinations. The use of sedation or anesthesia has disadvantages including increased cost and imaging time and potential risks to the patient. Reductions in imaging time may decrease or eliminate the need for sedation or general anesthesia. Over the past decade, a number of imaging techniques that can decrease imaging time have become commercially available. These products have been used increasingly in clinical practice and include parallel imaging, simultaneous multisection imaging, radial k-space acquisition, compressed sensing MRI reconstruction, and automated protocol selection software. The underlying concepts, supporting data, current clinical applications, and available products for each of these strategies are reviewed in this article. In addition, emerging techniques that are still under investigation may provide further reductions in imaging time, including artificial intelligence-based reconstruction, gradient-controlled aliasing sampling and reconstruction, three-dimensional MR spectroscopy, and prospective motion correction. The preliminary results for these techniques are also discussed. ©RSNA, 2020 See discussion on this article by Greer and Vasanawala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Kozak
- From the Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Founders 210, Boston, MA 02114 (B.M.K., J.K., M.S.G.); Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.K., C.J., J.K., M.S.G.); and Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass (C.J.)
| | - Camilo Jaimes
- From the Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Founders 210, Boston, MA 02114 (B.M.K., J.K., M.S.G.); Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.K., C.J., J.K., M.S.G.); and Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass (C.J.)
| | - John Kirsch
- From the Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Founders 210, Boston, MA 02114 (B.M.K., J.K., M.S.G.); Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.K., C.J., J.K., M.S.G.); and Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass (C.J.)
| | - Michael S Gee
- From the Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Founders 210, Boston, MA 02114 (B.M.K., J.K., M.S.G.); Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.K., C.J., J.K., M.S.G.); and Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass (C.J.)
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Joujima T, Oda M, Sasaguri M, Habu M, Kataoka S, Miyamura Y, Wakasugi-Sato N, Matsumoto-Takeda S, Takahashi O, Kokuryo S, Sago T, Yoshiga D, Tanaka T, Morimoto Y. Evaluation of velopharyngeal function using high-speed cine-magnetic resonance imaging based on T2-weighted sequences: a preliminary study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 49:432-441. [PMID: 31451304 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to introduce a new technique for visualizing the three-dimensional (3D) movements of velopharyngeal-related muscles using high-speed cine-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based on T2-weighted sequences. The evaluation of phonation- and water swallowing-related events was performed in 11 healthy subjects. Specifically, whether cine-MRI could precisely visualize normal velopharyngeal function during these two events was examined. The 3D movements of the soft palate, superior pharyngeal constrictor muscles, and levator veli palatini muscles were visualized in all 11 subjects. A noteworthy finding was that the magnetic resonance signals of the superior constrictor pharyngeal muscles and the levator veli palatini muscles were significantly higher during phonation and during water swallowing than at rest. This initial study suggests that the 3D movements of velopharyngeal-related muscles can be successfully and precisely visualized without side effects. The magnetic resonance signal changes seen in the superior pharyngeal constrictor and levator veli palatini muscles using the technique described here should be useful to develop better methods of evaluation of velopharyngeal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Joujima
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - M Oda
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - M Sasaguri
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - M Habu
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - S Kataoka
- Division of Anatomy, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Y Miyamura
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - N Wakasugi-Sato
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - S Matsumoto-Takeda
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - O Takahashi
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - S Kokuryo
- Division of Oral Medicine, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - T Sago
- Division of Dental Anaesthesiology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - D Yoshiga
- Division of Oral Medicine, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - T Tanaka
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Y Morimoto
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan.
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11
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Jain K, Gupta N, Yadav M, Thulkar S, Bhatnagar S. Radiological evaluation of airway - What an anaesthesiologist needs to know! Indian J Anaesth 2019; 63:257-264. [PMID: 31000888 PMCID: PMC6460969 DOI: 10.4103/ija.ija_488_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway management forms the foundation of any anaesthetic management. However, unanticipated difficult airway (DA) and its sequelae continue to dread any anaesthesiologist. In spite of development of various clinical parameters to judge DA, no single parameter has proved to be accurate in predicting it. Radiological evaluation may help assess the aspects of patient's airway not visualised through the naked eye. Starting from traditional roentgenogram to ultramodern three-dimensional printing, imaging may assist the anaesthesiologists in predicting DA and formulate plan for its management. Right from predicting DA, it has been used for estimating endotracheal tube sizes, assessing airway pathologies in paediatric patients and planning extubation strategies. This article attempts to provide exhaustive overview on radiological parameters which can be utilised by anaesthesiologists for prediction of DA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinshuki Jain
- Department of Oncoanaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, Dr. BRAIRCH AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Nishkarsh Gupta
- Department of Oncoanaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, Dr. BRAIRCH AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Mukesh Yadav
- Department of Radiology, Dr. BRAIRCH AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Thulkar
- Department of Radiology, Dr. BRAIRCH AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Sushma Bhatnagar
- Department of Oncoanaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, Dr. BRAIRCH AIIMS, New Delhi, India
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12
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Kim YC. Fast upper airway magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of speech production and sleep apnea. PRECISION AND FUTURE MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.23838/pfm.2018.00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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13
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Chitose SI, Ono T, Shin B, Sato K, Umeno H. Use of dynamic MRI during swallowing to assess carotid artery invasion by neck metastasis. Head Neck 2017; 40:330-337. [PMID: 28960586 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of dynamic MRI in evaluating the relationship between metastatic lymph nodes and the carotid artery was investigated. METHODS Thirty-two patients with metastatic lymph nodes, possibly adherent to the carotid artery, were evaluated with dynamic MRI before surgery. Consecutive axial and oblique images were obtained during swallowing. The displacement rate of the target carotid artery to the contralateral carotid artery and the low-intensity stripe between the metastatic lymph nodes and the carotid artery wall were compared with the surgical findings. RESULTS A displacement rate > 50% indicated resectable metastatic lymph nodes. Low-intensity stripe was present in 65% of patients and indicated no invasion; 82% of patients without low-intensity stripe had resectable metastatic lymph nodes. The others without low-intensity stripe required carotid artery resection due to malignant invasion. The accuracy rate, sensitivity, and specificity were 78%, 83%, and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSION Dynamic MRI during swallowing is useful for assessing suspected carotid artery involvement in patients with metastatic lymph nodes to achieve maximal safe resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Ichi Chitose
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takeharu Ono
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Buichiro Shin
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kiminori Sato
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hirohito Umeno
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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Hamilton J, Franson D, Seiberlich N. Recent advances in parallel imaging for MRI. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 101:71-95. [PMID: 28844222 PMCID: PMC5927614 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an essential technology in modern medicine. However, one of its main drawbacks is the long scan time needed to localize the MR signal in space to generate an image. This review article summarizes some basic principles and recent developments in parallel imaging, a class of image reconstruction techniques for shortening scan time. First, the fundamentals of MRI data acquisition are covered, including the concepts of k-space, undersampling, and aliasing. It is demonstrated that scan time can be reduced by sampling a smaller number of phase encoding lines in k-space; however, without further processing, the resulting images will be degraded by aliasing artifacts. Nearly all modern clinical scanners acquire data from multiple independent receiver coil arrays. Parallel imaging methods exploit properties of these coil arrays to separate aliased pixels in the image domain or to estimate missing k-space data using knowledge of nearby acquired k-space points. Three parallel imaging methods-SENSE, GRAPPA, and SPIRiT-are described in detail, since they are employed clinically and form the foundation for more advanced methods. These techniques can be extended to non-Cartesian sampling patterns, where the collected k-space points do not fall on a rectangular grid. Non-Cartesian acquisitions have several beneficial properties, the most important being the appearance of incoherent aliasing artifacts. Recent advances in simultaneous multi-slice imaging are presented next, which use parallel imaging to disentangle images of several slices that have been acquired at once. Parallel imaging can also be employed to accelerate 3D MRI, in which a contiguous volume is scanned rather than sequential slices. Another class of phase-constrained parallel imaging methods takes advantage of both image magnitude and phase to achieve better reconstruction performance. Finally, some applications are presented of parallel imaging being used to accelerate MR Spectroscopic Imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Hamilton
- Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Dominique Franson
- Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Nicole Seiberlich
- Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Ohkubo M, Higaki T, Nishikawa K, Otonari-Yamamoto M, Sugiyama T, Ishida R, Wakoh M. Optimal contrast enhancement liquid for dynamic MRI of swallowing. J Oral Rehabil 2016; 43:678-82. [DOI: 10.1111/joor.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Ohkubo
- Department of Oral Health & Clinical Science; Division of Dysphagia Rehabilitation; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
| | - T. Higaki
- Department of Radiology; Chiba Hospital; Tokyo Dental College; Chiba Japan
| | - K. Nishikawa
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Otonari-Yamamoto
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
| | - T. Sugiyama
- Department of Oral Health & Clinical Science; Division of Dysphagia Rehabilitation; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
| | - R. Ishida
- Department of Oral Health & Clinical Science; Division of Dysphagia Rehabilitation; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Wakoh
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
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16
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Freitas AC, Wylezinska M, Birch MJ, Petersen SE, Miquel ME. Comparison of Cartesian and Non-Cartesian Real-Time MRI Sequences at 1.5T to Assess Velar Motion and Velopharyngeal Closure during Speech. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153322. [PMID: 27073905 PMCID: PMC4830548 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic imaging of the vocal tract using real-time MRI has been an active and growing area of research, having demonstrated great potential to become routinely performed in the clinical evaluation of speech and swallowing disorders. Although many technical advances have been made in regards to acquisition and reconstruction methodologies, there is still no consensus in best practice protocols. This study aims to compare Cartesian and non-Cartesian real-time MRI sequences, regarding image quality and temporal resolution trade-off, for dynamic speech imaging. Five subjects were imaged at 1.5T, while performing normal phonation, in order to assess velar motion and velopharyngeal closure. Data was acquired using both Cartesian and non-Cartesian (spiral and radial) real-time sequences at five different spatial-temporal resolution sets, between 10 fps (1.7×1.7×10 mm3) and 25 fps (1.5×1.5×10 mm3). Only standard scanning resources provided by the MRI scanner manufacturer were used to ensure easy applicability to clinical evaluation and reproducibility. Data sets were evaluated by comparing measurements of the velar structure, dynamic contrast-to-noise ratio and image quality visual scoring. Results showed that for all proposed sequences, FLASH spiral acquisitions provided higher contrast-to-noise ratio, up to a 170.34% increase at 20 fps, than equivalent bSSFP Cartesian acquisitions for the same spatial-temporal resolution. At higher frame rates (22 and 25 fps), spiral protocols were optimal and provided higher CNR and visual scoring than equivalent radial protocols. Comparison of dynamic imaging at 10 and 22 fps for radial and spiral acquisitions revealed no significant difference in CNR performance, thus indicating that temporal resolution can be doubled without compromising spatial resolution (1.9×1.9 mm2) or CNR. In summary, this study suggests that the use of FLASH spiral protocols should be preferred over bSSFP Cartesian for the dynamic imaging of velopharyngeal closure, as it allows for an improvement in CNR and overall image quality without compromising spatial-temporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia C. Freitas
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Clinical Physics, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marzena Wylezinska
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Malcolm J. Birch
- Clinical Physics, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steffen E. Petersen
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marc E. Miquel
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Clinical Physics, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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17
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Feng X, Cartwright MS, Walker FO, Bargoil JH, Hu Y, Butler SG. Ultrasonographic evaluation of geniohyoid muscle and hyoid bone during swallowing in young adults. Laryngoscope 2015; 125:1886-91. [PMID: 25739655 DOI: 10.1002/lary.25224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The geniohyoid muscle plays an important role in hyoid bone movement. Adequate hyoid bone movement during swallowing is important for effective bolus flow and pharyngeal clearing. The aim of this study was to estimate the relationship between the geniohyoid muscle size and function and hyoid bone movement during swallowing in healthy young adults, as measured via ultrasound, in different body positions. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Forty young (20-40 years old) adults (20 male and 20 female) participated. The cross-sectional area of the geniohyoid muscle at rest (seated position), the geniohyoid muscle contraction velocity, and the hyoid bone displacement during swallowing 10 mL of mineral water were measured by ultrasound in seated, supine, and right lateral decubitus positions. RESULTS The size of the geniohyoid muscle correlated with body height. Males had larger geniohyoid cross-sectional area than females and greater maximal and anterior hyoid displacement during swallowing than females, and maximal and anterior hyoid bone displacement during swallowing correlated with the size of geniohyoid muscle only when the body was in the supine position; these two movements were positively correlated to each other. CONCLUSIONS Genders vary in hyoid bone movement during swallowing, and the correlation between geniohyoid muscle size and hyoid bone displacement varies among different body positions during swallowing. This investigation also illuminates the use of ultrasound in providing quantitative measures of geniohyoid muscle and hyoid bone displacement during swallowing. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Feng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Michael S Cartwright
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Francis O Walker
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Jessica H Bargoil
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Yunping Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Susan G Butler
- Department of Otolaryngology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, U.S.A
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A Comparison of Different Methods to Generate Tooth Surface Models Without Applying Ionizing Radiation for Digital 3-Dimensional Image Fusion With Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Based Data of the Head and Neck Region. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2015; 39:882-9. [PMID: 26295193 DOI: 10.1097/rct.0000000000000293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Tanaka T, Oda M, Nishimura S, Kito S, Wakasugi-Sato N, Kodama M, Kokuryo S, Habu M, Miyamoto I, Yamashita Y, Aso A, Sadasue K, Nagashima R, Tominaga K, Yoshioka I, Morimoto Y. The use of high-speed, continuous, T2-weighted magnetic resonance sequences and saline for the evaluation of swallowing. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2014; 118:490-6. [PMID: 25240997 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2014.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To introduce a new high-speed, continuous, T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique for the evaluation of swallowing by visualizing the flow of saline. STUDY DESIGN In 20 healthy participants, high-speed (10 frames per second), continuous MRI of the pharynx and larynx was performed during administration of 5 mL of saline. The extent to which fluid flow and swallowing (including flow to the esophagus or trachea) could be visualized was determined for all 20 participants. RESULTS Solution flow was visualized, and swallowing events, including the direction of flow to the esophagus, could be visualized with high-speed, continuous MRI for all 20 participants. CONCLUSIONS This initial study suggests that the visualization of saline flow using our method may facilitate functional evaluation of swallowing without side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsurou Tanaka
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Masafumi Oda
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shun Nishimura
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shinji Kito
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Nao Wakasugi-Sato
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kodama
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shinya Kokuryo
- Division of Oral Medicine, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Manabu Habu
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Ikuya Miyamoto
- Division of Oral Medicine, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yuichi Yamashita
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Toshiba Medical Systems Co, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Asaka Aso
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Toshiba Medical Systems Co, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sadasue
- Department of Radiology, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Riichirou Nagashima
- Department of Radiology, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tominaga
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Izumi Yoshioka
- Division of Oral Medicine, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morimoto
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan; Center for Oral Biological Research, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan.
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Scott AD, Wylezinska M, Birch MJ, Miquel ME. Speech MRI: morphology and function. Phys Med 2014; 30:604-18. [PMID: 24880679 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays an increasing role in the study of speech. This article reviews the MRI literature of anatomical imaging, imaging for acoustic modelling and dynamic imaging. It describes existing imaging techniques attempting to meet the challenges of imaging the upper airway during speech and examines the remaining hurdles and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Scott
- Clinical Physics, Barts Health NHS Trust, London EC1A 7BE, United Kingdom; NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, The Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, United Kingdom
| | - Marzena Wylezinska
- Clinical Physics, Barts Health NHS Trust, London EC1A 7BE, United Kingdom; Barts and The London NIHR CVBRU, London Chest Hospital, London E2 9JX, United Kingdom
| | - Malcolm J Birch
- Clinical Physics, Barts Health NHS Trust, London EC1A 7BE, United Kingdom
| | - Marc E Miquel
- Clinical Physics, Barts Health NHS Trust, London EC1A 7BE, United Kingdom; Barts and The London NIHR CVBRU, London Chest Hospital, London E2 9JX, United Kingdom.
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21
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Chitose SI, Haraguchi M, Nagata S, Katayama R, Sato K, Fukahori M, Sueyoshi S, Kurita T, Abe T, Nakashima T. Analysis of passive motion of para- and retropharyngeal structures during swallowing using dynamic magnetic resonance imaging. Dysphagia 2014; 29:387-95. [PMID: 24859486 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-014-9531-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze passive motion of the para- and retropharyngeal space (PRS) during swallowing using dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We conducted a preliminary study involving 30 healthy volunteers who underwent dynamic MRI. Consecutive MRI axial images were obtained by examining the plane parallel to the hard palate at the level of the anterior inferior corner of C2. Anterior displacement of the posterior pharyngeal wall (PPW) was measured as a motion index of pharyngeal contraction. The displacement and internal angle of the bilateral external and internal carotid arteries (ECA and ICA) and the bilateral centroids of the PRS area, as well as the increase in PRS area, were calculated at rest and at maximum pharyngeal contraction. In most participants, the bilateral ECA, ICA, and centroids were anterointernally displaced by pharyngeal contraction. The normalized ECA displacement (r = 0.64, r (2) = 0.41), normalized ICA displacement (r = 0.60, r (2) = 0.37), and normalized centroid displacement (r = 0.43, r (2) = 0.19) were more than moderately positively correlated with the normalized PPW displacement. The normalized PRS area increase (r = 0.35, r (2) = 0.12) was weakly positively correlated with the normalized PPW displacement. These results revealed that PRS area increased as the ECA and ICA were drawn anterointernally via its passive motion by pharyngeal contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-ichi Chitose
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Fukuoka, Japan,
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Zu Y, Narayanan SS, Kim YC, Nayak K, Bronson-Lowe C, Villegas B, Ouyoung M, Sinha UK. Evaluation of swallow function after tongue cancer treatment using real-time magnetic resonance imaging: a pilot study. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2014; 139:1312-9. [PMID: 24177574 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2013.5444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the advantage of imaging swallow function at any anatomical level without changing the position of patient, which can provide detailed information than modified barium swallow, by far the gold standard of swallow evaluation. OBJECTIVE To investigate the use of real-time MRI in the evaluation of swallow function of patients with tongue cancer. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Real-time MRI experiments were performed on a Signa Excite HD 1.5-T scanner (GE Healthcare), with gradients capable of 40-mT/m (milli-Tesla per meter) amplitudes and 150-mT/m/ms (mT/m per millisecond) slew rates. The sequence used was spiral fast gradient echo sequence. Four men with base of tongue or oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma and 3 age-matched healthy men with normal swallowing participated in the experiment. INTERVENTIONS Real-time MRI of the midsagittal plane was collected during swallowing. Coronal planes between the oral tongue and base of tongue and through the middle of the larynx were collected from 1 of the patients. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Oral transit time, pharyngeal transit time, submental muscle length change, and the distance change between the hyoid bone and anterior boundary of the thyroid cartilage were measured frame by frame during swallowing. RESULTS All the measurable oral transit and pharyngeal transit times of the patients with cancer were significantly longer than the ones of the healthy participants. The changes in submental muscle length and the distance between the hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage happened in concert for all 60 normal swallows; however, the pattern differed for each patient with cancer. To our knowledge, the coronal view of the tongue and larynx revealed information that has not been previously reported. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study has demonstrated the potential of real-time MRI to reveal critical information beyond the capacity of traditional videofluoroscopy. Further investigation is needed to fully consider the technique, procedure, and standard scope of applying MRI to evaluate swallow function of patients with cancer in research and clinic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihe Zu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | | | - Yoon-Chul Kim
- Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Krishna Nayak
- Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | | | - Brenda Villegas
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Melody Ouyoung
- Department of Speech Pathology, Keck Hospital of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Uttam K Sinha
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
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On the physiology of normal swallowing as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging in real time. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2014; 2014:493174. [PMID: 24693283 PMCID: PMC3944779 DOI: 10.1155/2014/493174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the physiology of normal swallowing using recent advances in real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Therefore ten young healthy subjects underwent real-time MRI and flexible endoscopic evaluations of swallowing (FEES) with thickened pineapple juice as oral contrast bolus. MRI movies were recorded in sagittal, coronal, and axial orientations during successive swallows at about 25 frames per second. Intermeasurement variation was analyzed and comparisons between real-time MRI and FEES were performed. Twelve distinct swallowing events could be quantified by real-time MRI (start time, end time, and duration).
These included five valve functions: oro-velar opening, velo-pharyngeal closure, glottal closure, epiglottic retroflexion, and esophageal opening; three bolus transports: oro-velar transit, pharyngeal delay, pharyngeal transit; and four additional events: laryngeal ascent, laryngeal descent, vallecular, and piriform sinus filling and pharyngeal constriction. Repetitive measurements confirmed the general reliability of the MRI method with only two significant differences for the start times of the velo-pharyngeal closure (t(8) = −2.4, P ≤ 0.046) and laryngeal ascent (t(8) = −2.6, P ≤ 0.031). The duration of the velo-pharyngeal closure was significantly longer in real-time MRI compared to FEES (t(8) = −3.3, P ≤ 0.011). Real-time MRI emerges as a simple, robust, and reliable tool for obtaining comprehensive functional and anatomical information about the swallowing process.
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Traser L, Spahn C, Richter B, Baumann T, Schumacher M, Echternach M. Real-time and three-dimensional MRI for diagnosis of pharyngoceles. J Magn Reson Imaging 2014; 40:55-7. [PMID: 24395345 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
In the evaluation of patients with local pathologic dilatation inside the upper airway a pressure-related testing seems important for understanding its pathophysiology and for developing a concept of intra-individually adjusted therapy. Commonly used diagnostic techniques like endoscopy or medical imaging including ultrasound, barium swallow or computer-assisted tomography (CT) have shown limitations either in evaluating a dynamic process or assessing the entirety of cervical structures. This article presents a case report of a professional trumpet player with bilateral pharyngoceles, introducing real-time and three-dimensional (3D) MRI as a helpful tool in the diagnosis of pressure dependent pathologies in the upper airway. With the use of MRI the complete sub- and supraglottic airway can be viewed simultaneously, avoiding the distortion which can occur with endoscopy. Thus, it was possible to evaluate the pharyngoceles pressure-related pathophysiology, from which a successful therapy could be conceived which included modifying the musician's blowing technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Traser
- Institute of Musicians' Medicine, University of Music and University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Freiburg University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
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Schumacher M, Schmoor C, Plog A, Schwarzwald R, Taschner C, Echternach M, Richter B, Spahn C. Motor functions in trumpet playing-a real-time MRI analysis. Neuroradiology 2013; 55:1171-81. [PMID: 23818231 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-013-1218-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The function of the orofacial and pharyngeal musculature for sound generation in brass instruments is insufficiently investigated. The contribution of muscles defying direct observation remains poorly understood. Time-resolved magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows visualization of muscle function as well as changes of the oropharyngeal cavities during muscle activation. METHODS We used fast 3-T MRI imaging to analyze motor activation during sound generation in brass instruments. Twelve professional trumpeters were analyzed at different pitch, loudness and dynamic. MR images were analyzed for position of the mouthpiece to lips and teeth, pivoting, nasopharyngeal closure and changes in the area of oral and pharyngeal cavity. RESULTS Of the 12 subjects, eight positioned the mouthpiece mainly to the upper lip, three in equal parts to upper and lower lip, and only one mostly to the lower lip. The last turned out to be the only subject with upward pivoting. All subjects had a complete velopharyngeal closure. Measurements of the oral and pharyngeal cavities showed an increase when subjects were playing higher pitches. The increase in areas of oral and pharyngeal cavity was present also when switching from lower to higher loudness and when performing crescendo to decrescendo. Enlargement of the oral and pharyngeal cavity was less pronounced with increasing loudness. But no general difference in change of oral and pharyngeal cavity could be observed. CONCLUSIONS The present study shows that it is possible to measure motor function and its implications on oral as well as pharyngeal cavities during sound generation in brass instruments. These changes seem to follow a reproducible pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schumacher
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 64, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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Dynamic real-time magnetic resonance imaging for the analysis of voice physiology. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013; 20:450-7. [PMID: 23086261 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0b013e3283585f87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW For a number of years, it has been possible to use dynamic real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to analyse the dynamic processes which occur in the human body. In the fields of laryngology and phoniatrics, such dynamic processes are found not only in swallowing, but also in voice and speech production. This article aims to present an overview of how the use of MRI might add to our current understanding of the dynamic processes involved in voice production. RECENT FINDINGS It is shown that up to now the analysis of vocal fold oscillations has been limited by MRI's relatively low sampling rate of up to 50 Hz. Nevertheless, more detailed analysis does seem possible with regard to the modulation of the power source and vocal tract. SUMMARY Dynamic real-time MRI offers a great opportunity for the analysis of voice production in all stages of the voice production system.
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Traser L, Burdumy M, Richter B, Vicari M, Echternach M. The Effect of Supine and Upright Position on Vocal Tract Configurations During Singing—A Comparative Study in Professional Tenors. J Voice 2013; 27:141-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Taniwaki M, Gao Z, Nishinari K, Kohyama K. Acoustic Analysis of the Swallowing Sounds of Food with Different Physical Properties Using the Cervical Auscultation Method. J Texture Stud 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Taniwaki
- Food Function Division; National Food Research Institute; National Agriculture and Food Research Organization; 2-1-12 Kannondai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8642 Japan
| | - Zhihong Gao
- Food Function Division; National Food Research Institute; National Agriculture and Food Research Organization; 2-1-12 Kannondai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8642 Japan
| | | | - Kaoru Kohyama
- Food Function Division; National Food Research Institute; National Agriculture and Food Research Organization; 2-1-12 Kannondai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8642 Japan
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Vijay Kumar KV, Shankar V, Santosham R. Assessment of swallowing and its disorders-a dynamic MRI study. Eur J Radiol 2012; 82:215-9. [PMID: 23068561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2012.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Revised: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging overcomes the limitations of videofluoroscopy in assessing without radiation exposure. The clinical utility of dynamic MRI for swallowing disorders is not well documented. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using dynamic MRI in assessment of swallowing disorders. Ten normal and three brainstem lesion patients participated in this study. GE Signa HDxt 1.5 Tesla MRI scanner with head-and-neck coil as a receiver and fast imaging employing steady state acquisition sequence was used. The swallow was analyzed in terms of symmetry and amplitude of movements of velum, faucial pillars, tongue, epiglottis and cricopharyngeous and images from the sagittal, coronal and axial planes. In sagittal plane posterior movement of tongue and its compression on velum, elevation of hyoid bone, elevation of larynx and lid action of epiglottis, in the coronal view the symmetrical movements of the faucial pillars and pharyngeal constrictor muscles and in axial plane three anatomical landmarks were targeted based on their role in swallowing, viz. velum, epiglottis and cricopharyngeous were studied. In brainstem lesion individuals, posterior movement of tongue, and elevation of larynx were not seen. Asymmetrical movements of faucial pillars and cricopharyngeous muscle were appreciated in the dynamic MRI. This demonstrates that, dynamic MRI is an efficient tool to understand the swallowing physiology and helps the speech language pathologist in modifying the swallowing maneuvers. Dynamic MRI is an effective tool in assessing swallowing and its disorders. This muscle specific information is not appreciated in videofluoroscopy and this information is necessary to modify the therapy maneuvers.
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Affiliation(s)
- K V Vijay Kumar
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, SRU, India.
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Taniwaki M, Kohyama K. Fast Fourier transform analysis of sounds made while swallowing various foods. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2012; 132:2478-2482. [PMID: 23039442 DOI: 10.1121/1.4750491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The cervical auscultation method was applied to investigate sounds generated while swallowing various foods with unique physical properties, including liquid (water), semiliquid (yogurt), and solid (konjac jelly). To study the differences among swallowing sounds for various foods, fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis was applied to signals that were attributed to the flow of a food bolus, which is a swallowable soft mass of chewed food. An FFT program was developed that enabled the calculation of a spectrum for a specified region of time domain swallowing sound signals. The intensity of spectra in the frequency range between 400 and 1000 Hz significantly differed: liquid > semiliquid > solid. The FFT spectrum in this range was suggested to represent the frequency characteristics of the swallowing sounds of various foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Taniwaki
- National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
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Zhang S, Olthoff A, Frahm J. Real-time magnetic resonance imaging of normal swallowing. J Magn Reson Imaging 2012; 35:1372-9. [PMID: 22271426 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.23591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the use of a novel real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique for the assessment of normal swallowing dynamics. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a cohort of 10 healthy subjects, real-time MRI movies at 24.3 frames per second were obtained in sagittal, coronal, and axial orientation during self-controlled swallows of 5 mL pineapple juice as oral contrast bolus. All studies were performed with the use of a commercial MRI system at 3 T combining two sets of radiofrequency receiver coils. Real-time movies relied on a fast low-angle shot (FLASH) MRI sequence with radial undersampling and image reconstruction by nonlinear inversion yielding 41.23 msec acquisition time for an in-plane resolution of 1.5 mm. Evaluations focused on clinical image quality as well as visualization and temporal quantification of distinct swallowing functions. RESULTS Throughout the entire process, the swallowing dynamics were well depicted and characterized with almost no visible image artifacts in all subjects. The mid-sagittal plane turned out to be most valuable. The movies allowed for a quantitative determination of the temporal pattern of all swallowing events. CONCLUSION The proposed real-time MRI technique yields noninvasive, robust, and quantitative access to the physiology of normal swallowing in healthy subjects at high temporal resolution and image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- Biomedizinische NMR Forschungs GmbH am Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie, Göttingen, Germany.
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Echternach M, Sundberg J, Baumann T, Markl M, Richter B. Vocal tract area functions and formant frequencies in opera tenors' modal and falsetto registers. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2011; 129:3955-63. [PMID: 21682417 DOI: 10.1121/1.3589249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
According to recent model investigations, vocal tract resonance is relevant to vocal registers. However, no experimental corroboration of this claim has been published so far. In the present investigation, ten professional tenors' vocal tract configurations were analyzed using MRI volumetry. All subjects produced a sustained tone on the pitch F4 (349 Hz) on the vowel /a/ (1) in modal and (2) in falsetto register. The area functions were estimated from the MRI data and their associated formant frequencies were calculated. In a second condition the same subjects repeated the same tasks in a sound treated room and their formant frequencies were estimated by means of inverse filtering. In both recordings similar formant frequencies were observed. Vocal tract shapes differed between modal and falsetto register. In modal as compared to falsetto the lip opening and the oral cavity were wider and the first formant frequency was higher. In this sense the presented results are in agreement with the claim that the formant frequencies differ between registers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Echternach
- Institut of Musicians' Medicine, Freiburg University Medical Center, Breisacher Strasse 60, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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Perry JL, Bae Y, Kuehn DP. Effect of posture on deglutitive biomechanics in healthy individuals. Dysphagia 2011; 27:70-80. [PMID: 21487802 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-011-9340-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess displacement of oropharyngeal structures, particularly the hyoid bone and velum, and variations in timing of the pharyngeal stage of swallowing in the upright versus the supine position. Twelve Caucasian adult subjects between 19 and 27 years of age participated. Subjects were recorded swallowing 7 cc of liquid barium in the upright and supine positions. The hyoid bone had a significantly greater amount of anterior displacement while in the supine position compared to that of the upright position (p < 0.01). While in the upright position, the velum comes to a fully elevated position at nearly the same time as the initiation of the pharyngeal swallow (within an average of 27 ms of each other), whereas in the supine position the velum continues to elevate on average 115 ms after the initiation of the pharyngeal swallow. Results indicated a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the amount of velar movement from rest to the fully elevated position between the upright and supine positions for female subjects. The results from the study demonstrate variations in hyoid displacement, velar movement, and bolus movement through the pharynx with respect to the two body positions and the subjects' gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Perry
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, USA.
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Time-resolved MRI after ingestion of liquids reveals motility changes after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy--preliminary results. Obes Surg 2011; 21:95-101. [PMID: 21088924 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-010-0317-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is generally considered a restrictive procedure. However, studies with nuclear medicine techniques have demonstrated that gastric motility changes occur following LSG. These motility changes could represent complementary mechanisms of weight loss. Therefore, we analyzed the stomach motility before and after LSG by means of dynamic MRI. METHODS In this prospective pilot study, five female patients with a mean BMI of 51.6 kg/m(2) underwent MRI 1 day before LSG and 6 days and 6 months after LSG. Dynamic steady-state free precession sequences were used to analyze the gastric motility after ingestion of 500 ml water with a temporal resolution of 0.86 s. Axial image stacks were also repeatedly acquired to determine the intragastric fluid volume over time. RESULTS Mean excess body mass index loss was 60.6% after 6 months. Dynamic analysis showed that antral propulsive peristalsis was preserved immediately after surgery and during follow-up, but fold speed increased significantly from 2.7 mm/s before LSG to 4.4 mm/s after 6 months. The sleeve itself remained without recognizable peristalsis in three patients and showed only uncoordinated or passive motion in two patients. Consequently, the fluid transport through the sleeve was markedly delayed, whereas the antrum showed accelerated propulsion with the emptying half-time decreasing from 16.5 min preoperatively to 7.9 min 6 months after surgery. CONCLUSIONS Owing to the LSG procedure, the stomach is functionally divided into a sleeve without propulsive peristalsis and an accelerated antrum. Accelerated emptying seems to be caused by faster peristaltic folds.
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Echternach M, Traser L, Markl M, Richter B. Vocal tract configurations in male alto register functions. J Voice 2011; 25:670-7. [PMID: 21402469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Professional male altos (countertenors) mostly use a register function, which is considered to be derived from falsetto. However, the sound produced differs in professional altos compared with the modal register or falsetto of untrained voices. The aim of this study was to analyze differences of the vocal tract shapes in male alto register functions. MATERIAL AND METHODS Dynamic real-time magnetic resonance imaging of eight frames per second was used to analyze the vocal tract profile in seven professional male altos who sang on the vowel /a/, an ascending and descending scale from G3 (196 Hz) to E4 (330 Hz). The scale included their register transition from modal register to stage (counter) falsetto and naïve falsetto. RESULTS Register transitions from modal register to stage falsetto were associated with increased lip opening, jaw retraction, elevation and back positioning of the tongue, pharynx narrowing, uvula elevation, drop of larynx height, and tilting of the larynx. Differences between stage and naïve falsetto were found mostly with regard to lip opening and pharynx width. CONCLUSIONS The differences between the vocal tract configurations might have an impact on the acoustic characteristics observed in professional male alto register functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Echternach
- Institute of Musicians' Medicine, Freiburg University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.
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Paulson ES, Bradley JA, Wang D, Ahunbay EE, Schultz C, Li XA. Internal margin assessment using cine MRI analysis of deglutition in head and neck cancer radiotherapy. Med Phys 2011; 38:1740-7. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3560418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Paine TL, Conway CA, Malandraki GA, Sutton BP. Simultaneous dynamic and functional MRI scanning (SimulScan) of natural swallows. Magn Reson Med 2011; 65:1247-52. [PMID: 21360741 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In studies of swallowing, dynamic and functional MRI are increasingly used to observe motor oropharyngeal behaviors and identify associated brain regions. However, monitoring of motor performance during a functional examination requires disruptive monitoring sensors, visual or auditory cued tasks, and strict subject compliance to stimuli. In this work, a simultaneous acquisition (SimulScan) was developed to provide dynamic images to monitor oropharyngeal motions during swallowing (1 mid-sagittal slice at 14.5 frames per second) simultaneous with functional MRI (24 oblique-axial slices with a TR of 1.6512 s). Data were acquired while three healthy adult subjects passively viewed a movie during three 15-min scans with the purpose of covertly studying uncued natural swallows. Dynamic MR images were used to determine timing of swallow onsets for subsequent functional analysis. Resulting functional maps show significant areas of activation that agree with previous functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of cued water swallows, except for regions associated with processing the task stimulus. SimulScan may prove a useful tool in developing new techniques for studying swallowing and associated neuromuscular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Paine
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
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Kim YC, Hayes CE, Narayanan SS, Nayak KS. Novel 16-channel receive coil array for accelerated upper airway MRI at 3 Tesla. Magn Reson Med 2010; 65:1711-7. [PMID: 21590804 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2010] [Revised: 11/01/2010] [Accepted: 11/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Upper airway MRI can provide a noninvasive assessment of speech and swallowing disorders and sleep apnea. Recent work has demonstrated the value of high-resolution three-dimensional imaging and dynamic two-dimensional imaging and the importance of further improvements in spatio-temporal resolution. The purpose of the study was to describe a novel 16-channel 3 Tesla receive coil that is highly sensitive to the human upper airway and investigate the performance of accelerated upper airway MRI with the coil. In three-dimensional imaging of the upper airway during static posture, 6-fold acceleration is demonstrated using parallel imaging, potentially leading to capturing a whole three-dimensional vocal tract with 1.25 mm isotropic resolution within 9 sec of sustained sound production. Midsagittal spiral parallel imaging of vocal tract dynamics during natural speech production is demonstrated with 2 × 2 mm(2) in-plane spatial and 84 ms temporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Chul Kim
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-2564, USA.
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Panebianco V, Ruoppolo G, Pelle G, Schettino I, Roma R, Bernardo S, De Vincentiis C, Longo L, Passariello R. Morpho-functional patterns of physiologic oropharyngeal swallowing evaluated with dynamic fast MRI. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2010; 267:1461-6. [PMID: 20376470 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-010-1232-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2009] [Accepted: 03/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
With the advent of dynamic fast MRI sequences the act of deglutition can be dynamically visualized in cine-mode. Twenty-three healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study to define the morpho-functional patterns of oral and pharyngeal deglutition using new dynamic MRI techniques. All subjects were previously submitted to video endoscopic assessment, to exclude swallowing abnormalities. As contrast material a combination of yogurt mixed with gadolinium-diethylene diamine pentaacetic acid was used. The protocol was divided into three parts: (a) preliminary assessment of the oral cavity, pharynx and laryngeal structures; (b) morphologic assessment of tongue, soft palate, pharynx, epiglottis and larynx-hyoid bone; (c) dynamic assessment of swallowing without administrating any contrast media and, in subsequent phase, by injecting 5 ml of yogurt-based contrast medium in the patient's mouth. The time resolution was 3-4 images/s. The MR protocol revealed to be effective in the evaluation of normal motility patterns of the structures involved in swallowing. Moreover, the evaluation of the bolus progression, slowdown or stagnation, was possible. On the contrary problems were encountered in calculating precisely the bolus progression time, because of the insufficient temporal resolution. However, more energy should be invested to optimize the spatial and temporal resolution of turbo-FLASH sequences, to obtain a better dynamic representation of a complex function such as deglutition.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Panebianco
- Department of Radiological Sciences, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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Echternach M, Sundberg J, Arndt S, Markl M, Schumacher M, Richter B. Vocal Tract in Female Registers—A Dynamic Real-Time MRI Study. J Voice 2010; 24:133-9. [PMID: 19185452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2008] [Accepted: 06/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Echternach
- Department of Musicians' Medicine, Freiburg University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.
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Evaluation of Swallowing Using 320-Detector-Row Multislice CT. Part I: Single- and Multiphase Volume Scanning for Three-dimensional Morphological and Kinematic Analysis. Dysphagia 2010; 26:99-107. [DOI: 10.1007/s00455-009-9268-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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