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Liu S, Zhao Y, Li C, Yi Y, Zhang Y, Tian J, Han J, Pan C, Lu X, Su Y, Wang L, Liu C, Meng J, Liang A. Long-term oral administration of Kelisha capsule does not cause hepatorenal toxicity in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 332:118320. [PMID: 38740107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Kelisha capsules (KLS) are often used to treat acute diarrhoea, bacillary dysentery, heat stroke, and other diseases. One of its components, Asarum, contains aristolochic acid I which is both nephrotoxic and carcinogenic. However, the aristolochic acid (AA) content in KLS and its toxicity remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The aims of this study were to quantitatively determine the contents of five aristolochic acid analogues (AAAs) in Asarum and KLS, and systematically evaluate the in vivo toxicity of KLS in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to determine the content of the five AAAs in Asarum and KLS. Sprague-Dawley rats were administered KLS at 0, 0.75, 1.5, and 3.0 g/kg respectively, and then sacrificed after 4 weeks of administration or after an additional 2 weeks of recovery. The endpoints assessed included body weight measurements, serum biochemistry and haematology indices, and clinical and histopathological observations. RESULTS The AAAs content in Asarum sieboldii Miq. (HB-ESBJ) were much lower than those of the other Asarums. The contents of AA I, AA IVa, and aristolactam I in KLS were in the ranges of 0.03-0.06 μg/g, 1.89-2.16 μg/g, and 0.55-1.60 μg/g, respectively, whereas AA II and AA IIIa were not detected. None of the rats showed symptoms of toxic reactions and KLS was well tolerated throughout the study. Compared to the control group, the activated partial thromboplastin time values of rats in the 1.5 and 3.0 g/kg groups significantly reduced after administration (P < 0.05). In addition, the serum triglycerides of male rats in the 0.75 and 1.5 g/kg groups after administration, and the 0.75, 1.5, 3.0 g/kg groups after recovery were significantly decreased (P < 0.01 or P < 0.001). No significant drug-related toxicological changes were observed in other serum biochemical indices, haematology, or histopathology. CONCLUSIONS The AA I content in KLS met the limit requirements (<0.001%) of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Therefore, it is safe to use KLS in the short-term. However, for safety considerations, attention should be paid to the effects of long-term KLS administration on coagulation function and triglyceride metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Chunying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Yan Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Yushi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Jingzhuo Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Jiayin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Chen Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Xiao Lu
- Zhejiang Sukean Pharmaceutical CO.LTD, Hangzhou, 311228, China.
| | - Yan Su
- Zhejiang Sukean Pharmaceutical CO.LTD, Hangzhou, 311228, China.
| | - Lianmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Chenyue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Jing Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Aihua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Pomyalov S, Minetti CA, Remeta DP, Bonala R, Johnson F, Zaitseva I, Iden C, Golebiewska U, Breslauer KJ, Shoham G, Sidorenko VS, Grollman AP. Structural and mechanistic insights into the transport of aristolochic acids and their active metabolites by human serum albumin. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107358. [PMID: 38782206 PMCID: PMC11253539 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aristolochic acids I and II (AA-I/II) are carcinogenic principles of Aristolochia plants, which have been employed in traditional medicinal practices and discovered as food contaminants. While the deleterious effects of AAs are broadly acknowledged, there is a dearth of information to define the mechanisms underlying their carcinogenicity. Following bioactivation in the liver, N-hydroxyaristolactam and N-sulfonyloxyaristolactam metabolites are transported via circulation and elicit carcinogenic effects by reacting with cellular DNA. In this study, we apply DNA adduct analysis, X-ray crystallography, isothermal titration calorimetry, and fluorescence quenching to investigate the role of human serum albumin (HSA) in modulating AA carcinogenicity. We find that HSA extends the half-life and reactivity of N-sulfonyloxyaristolactam-I with DNA, thereby protecting activated AAs from heterolysis. Applying novel pooled plasma HSA crystallization methods, we report high-resolution structures of myristic acid-enriched HSA (HSAMYR) and its AA complexes (HSAMYR/AA-I and HSAMYR/AA-II) at 1.9 Å resolution. While AA-I is located within HSA subdomain IB, AA-II occupies subdomains IIA and IB. ITC binding profiles reveal two distinct AA sites in both complexes with association constants of 1.5 and 0.5 · 106 M-1 for HSA/AA-I versus 8.4 and 9.0 · 105 M-1 for HSA/AA-II. Fluorescence quenching of the HSA Trp214 suggests variable impacts of fatty acids on ligand binding affinities. Collectively, our structural and thermodynamic characterizations yield significant insights into AA binding, transport, toxicity, and potential allostery, critical determinants for elucidating the mechanistic roles of HSA in modulating AA carcinogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Pomyalov
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Conceição A Minetti
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - David P Remeta
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Radha Bonala
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Francis Johnson
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Irina Zaitseva
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Charles Iden
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Urszula Golebiewska
- Department of Physiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Queensborough Community College, Bayside, New York, USA
| | - Kenneth J Breslauer
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
| | - Gil Shoham
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Viktoriya S Sidorenko
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
| | - Arthur P Grollman
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
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Das S, Thakur S, Korenjak M, Sidorenko VS, Chung FFL, Zavadil J. Aristolochic acid-associated cancers: a public health risk in need of global action. Nat Rev Cancer 2022; 22:576-591. [PMID: 35854147 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00494-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Aristolochic acids (AAs) are a group of naturally occurring compounds present in many plant species of the Aristolochiaceae family. Exposure to AA is a significant risk factor for severe nephropathy, and urological and hepatobiliary cancers (among others) that are often recurrent and characterized by the prominent mutational fingerprint of AA. However, herbal medicinal products that contain AA continue to be manufactured and marketed worldwide with inadequate regulation, and possible environmental exposure routes receive little attention. As the trade of food and dietary supplements becomes increasingly globalized, we propose that further inaction on curtailing AA exposure will have far-reaching negative effects on the disease trends of AA-associated cancers. Our Review aims to systematically present the historical and current evidence for the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of AA, and the effect of removing sources of AA exposure on cancer incidence trends. We discuss the persisting challenges of assessing the scale of AA-related carcinogenicity, and the obstacles that must be overcome in curbing AA exposure and preventing associated cancers. Overall, this Review aims to strengthen the case for the implementation of prevention measures against AA's multifaceted, detrimental and potentially fully preventable effects on human cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrat Das
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer WHO, Lyon, France
| | - Shefali Thakur
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer WHO, Lyon, France
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Korenjak
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer WHO, Lyon, France
| | - Viktoriya S Sidorenko
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Felicia Fei-Lei Chung
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer WHO, Lyon, France.
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia.
| | - Jiri Zavadil
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer WHO, Lyon, France.
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Liu YZ, Lu HL, Qi XM, Xing GZ, Wang X, Yu P, Liu L, Yang FF, Ding XL, Zhang ZA, Deng ZP, Gong LK, Ren J. Aristolochic acid I promoted clonal expansion but did not induce hepatocellular carcinoma in adult rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:2094-2105. [PMID: 33686245 PMCID: PMC8633323 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00622-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aristolochic acid I (AAI) is a well-known nephrotoxic carcinogen, which is currently reported to be also associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Whether AAI is a direct hepatocarcinogen remains controversial. In this study we investigated the association between AAI exposure and HCC in adult rats using a sensitive rat liver bioassay with several cofactors. Formation of glutathione S-transferase placental form-positive (GST-P+) foci was used as the marker for preneoplastic lesions/clonal expansion. We first conducted a medium-term (8 weeks) study to investigate whether AAI had any tumor-initiating or -promoting activity. Then a long-term (52 weeks) study was conducted to determine whether AAI can directly induce HCC. We showed that oral administration of single dose of AAI (20, 50, or 100 mg/kg) in combination with partial hepatectomy (PH) to stimulate liver proliferation did not induce typical GST-P+ foci in liver. In the 8-week study, only high dose of AAI (10 mg · kg-1 · d-1, 5 days a week for 6 weeks) in combination with PH significantly increased the number and area of GST-P+ foci initiated by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) in liver. Similarly, only high dose of AAI (10 mg· kg-1· d-1, 5 days a week for 52 weeks) in combination with PH significantly increased the number and area of hepatic GST-P+ foci in the 52-week study. No any nodules or HCC were observed in liver of any AAI-treated groups. In contrast, long-term administration of AAI (0.1, 1, 10 mg· kg-1· d-1) time- and dose-dependently caused death due to the occurrence of cancers in the forestomach, intestine, and/or kidney. Besides, AAI-DNA adducts accumulated in the forestomach, kidney, and liver in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Taken together, AAI promotes clonal expansion only in the high-dose group but did not induce any nodules or HCC in liver of adult rats till their deaths caused by cancers developed in the forestomach, intestine, and/or kidney. Findings from our animal studies will pave the way for further large-scale epidemiological investigation of the associations between AA and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Zhen Liu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Heng-Lei Lu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xin-Ming Qi
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Guo-Zhen Xing
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Pan Yu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Fang-Fang Yang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Ding
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ze-An Zhang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhong-Ping Deng
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Li-Kun Gong
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Institutes of Drug Discovery and Development, CAS, Zhongshan, 528400, China.
| | - Jin Ren
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Xu D, Ran C, Yin L, Lin J, Fu H, Peng X, Zhao X, Shu G. Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Studies of Aristolochic Acid A in Tianfu Broilers. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061556. [PMID: 34071750 PMCID: PMC8228413 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aristolochic acid (AA) is a chemical compound present in traditional Chinese medicine, which is widely used for anti-infection, anti-viral and anti-bacterial treatment, as antibiotics were banned in the poultry industry. However, long-term use of this drug in high doses can cause harmful damage to the kidneys of animals. Therefore, in this study, the acute toxicity test and subchronic toxicity test of AA were carried out in order to explore the nephrotoxicity mechanism of AA on Tianfu broilers. In this study, the LD50 of AA to male Tianfu broilers was 14.52 mg/kg. Subchronic exposure to high doses of AA in broilers can cause nephrotoxicity by breaking the redox balance to form oxidative stress, along with promoting apoptosis of renal cells. In conclusion, AA has been found to damage broilers’ kidneys in high doses. This study provides suggestions for the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine containing AA in the poultry industry. Abstract Aristolochic acid (AA) is one of the components of some traditional Chinese medicines, which has high toxic potential in animals, leading to huge economic losses in the breeding industry. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the toxicology of AA on Tianfu broilers through acute and subchronic toxicity tests. The results showed that the median lethal dose of AA to Tianfu broilers was 14.52 mg/kg. After continuous intraperitoneal injection of AA solution (1.452 mg/kg) for 28 days, the swollen and necrotic renal tubular epithelial cells were histologically observed; in addition, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cre) were significantly increased, indicating AA could induce serious kidney lesions in broilers. Moreover, the ROS, the apoptosis rate and the depolarization rate of the mitochondrial membrane potential of broilers’ renal cells increased. The results of QRT-PCR showed that AA reduced the mRNA expressions of HO-1, NQO1, Raf-1 and Bcl-2, while the expressions of Bax and Caspase-3 increased, which show that AA aroused oxidative stress and promoted the apoptosis of renal cells. In conclusion, AA has been found to damage broilers’ kidneys by breaking the redox balance to form oxidative stress, along with promoting apoptosis of renal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China; (D.X.); (X.Z.)
| | - Chonglin Ran
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China; (C.R.); (L.Y.); (J.L.); (H.F.); (X.P.)
| | - Lizi Yin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China; (C.R.); (L.Y.); (J.L.); (H.F.); (X.P.)
| | - Juchun Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China; (C.R.); (L.Y.); (J.L.); (H.F.); (X.P.)
| | - Hualin Fu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China; (C.R.); (L.Y.); (J.L.); (H.F.); (X.P.)
| | - Xi Peng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China; (C.R.); (L.Y.); (J.L.); (H.F.); (X.P.)
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China; (D.X.); (X.Z.)
| | - Gang Shu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China; (C.R.); (L.Y.); (J.L.); (H.F.); (X.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Hölzl-Armstrong L, Moody S, Kucab JE, Zwart EP, Bellamri M, Luijten M, Turesky RJ, Stratton MR, Arlt VM, Phillips DH. Mutagenicity of 2-hydroxyamino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (N-OH-PhIP) in human TP53 knock-in (Hupki) mouse embryo fibroblasts. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 147:111855. [PMID: 33189884 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) is a possible human carcinogen formed in cooked fish and meat. PhIP is bioactivated by cytochrome P450 enzymes to form 2-hydroxyamino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (N-OH-PhIP), a genotoxic metabolite that reacts with DNA leading to the mutation-prone DNA adduct N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-PhIP (dG-C8-PhIP). Here, we studied N-OH-PhIP-induced whole genome mutagenesis in human TP53 knock-in (Hupki) mouse embryo fibroblasts (HUFs) immortalised and subjected to whole genome sequencing (WGS). In addition, mutagenicity of N-OH-PhIP in TP53 and the lacZ reporter gene were assessed. TP53 mutant frequency in HUF cultures treated with N-OH-PhIP (2.5 μM for 24 h, n = 90) was 10% while no TP53 mutations were found in untreated controls (DMSO for 24 h, n = 6). All N-OH-PhIP-induced TP53 mutations occurred at G:C base pairs with G > T/C > A transversions accounting for 58% of them. TP53 mutations characteristic of those induced by N-OH-PhIP have been found in human tumours including breast and colorectal, which are cancer types that have been associated with PhIP exposure. LacZ mutant frequency increased 25-fold at 5 μM N-OH-PHIP and up to ~350 dG-C8-PhIP adducts/108 nucleosides were detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation multistage scan mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS3) at this concentration. In addition, a WGS mutational signature defined by G > T/C > A transversions was present in N-OH-PhIP-treated immortalised clones, which showed similarity to COSMIC SBS4, 18 and 29 signatures found in human tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Hölzl-Armstrong
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Sarah Moody
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Jill E Kucab
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Edwin P Zwart
- Center for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, 3720 BA, the Netherlands
| | - Medjda Bellamri
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Mirjam Luijten
- Center for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, 3720 BA, the Netherlands
| | - Robert J Turesky
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Michael R Stratton
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - David H Phillips
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK
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Zhang M, Liu H, Han Y, Bai L, Yan H. A review on the pharmacological properties, toxicological characteristics, pathogenic mechanism and analytical methods of aristolochic acids. TOXIN REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2020.1811344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, College of pharmacy, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, College of pharmacy, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yamei Han
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, College of pharmacy, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Ligai Bai
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, College of pharmacy, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Hongyuan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, College of pharmacy, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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Powell BV, Bacurio JHT, Basu AK. Translesion synthesis of 6-nitrochrysene-derived 2'-deoxyadenosine adduct in human cells. DNA Repair (Amst) 2020; 95:102935. [PMID: 32721818 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.102935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
6-Nitrochrysene (6-NC) is a potent mutagen in bacteria and carcinogenic in animals. It is the most potent carcinogen ever tested in newborn mouse assay. DNA lesions resulting from 6-NC modification are likely to induce mutations if they are not removed by cellular defense pathways prior to DNA replication. Earlier studies showed that 6-NC-derived C8-2'-deoxyadenosine adduct, N-(dA-8-yl)-6-AC, is very slowly repaired in human cells. In this study, we have investigated replication of N-(dA-8-yl)-6-AC in human embryonic kidney (HEK 293T) cells and the roles of translesion synthesis (TLS) DNA polymerases in bypassing it. Replication of a plasmid containing a single site-specific N-(dA-8-yl)-6-AC adduct in HEK 293 T cells showed that human DNA polymerase (hPol) η and hPol κ played important roles in bypassing the adduct, since TLS efficiency was reduced to 26 % in the absence of these two polymerases compared to 83 % in polymerase-competent HEK 293T cells. The progeny from HEK 293T cells provided 12.7 % mutants predominantly containing A→T transversions. Mutation frequency (MF) was increased to 17.8 % in hPol η-deficient cells, whereas it was decreased to 3.3 % and 3.9 % when the adduct containing plasmid was replicated in hPol κ- and hPol ζ-deficient cells, respectively. The greatest reduction in MF by more than 90 % (to MF 1.2 %) was observed in hPol ζ-knockout cells in which hPol κ was knocked down. Taken together, these results suggest that hPol κ and hPol ζ are involved in the error-prone TLS of N-(dA-8-yl)-6-AC, while hPol η performs error-free bypass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent V Powell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | - Jan Henric T Bacurio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | - Ashis K Basu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States.
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Yun BH, Guo J, Bellamri M, Turesky RJ. DNA adducts: Formation, biological effects, and new biospecimens for mass spectrometric measurements in humans. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2020; 39:55-82. [PMID: 29889312 PMCID: PMC6289887 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Hazardous chemicals in the environment and diet or their electrophilic metabolites can form adducts with genomic DNA, which can lead to mutations and the initiation of cancer. In addition, reactive intermediates can be generated in the body through oxidative stress and damage the genome. The identification and measurement of DNA adducts are required for understanding exposure and the causal role of a genotoxic chemical in cancer risk. Over the past three decades, 32 P-postlabeling, immunoassays, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) methods have been established to assess exposures to chemicals through measurements of DNA adducts. It is now possible to measure some DNA adducts in human biopsy samples, by LC/MS, with as little as several milligrams of tissue. In this review article, we highlight the formation and biological effects of DNA adducts, and highlight our advances in human biomonitoring by mass spectrometric analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues, untapped biospecimens for carcinogen DNA adduct biomarker research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong Hwa Yun
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6 St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States
| | - Jingshu Guo
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6 St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States
| | - Medjda Bellamri
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6 St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States
| | - Robert J. Turesky
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6 St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States
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10
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Anger EE, Yu F, Li J. Aristolochic Acid-Induced Nephrotoxicity: Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Protective Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1157. [PMID: 32050524 PMCID: PMC7043226 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aristolochic acid (AA) is a generic term that describes a group of structurally related compounds found in the Aristolochiaceae plants family. These plants have been used for decades to treat various diseases. However, the consumption of products derived from plants containing AA has been associated with the development of nephropathy and carcinoma, mainly the upper urothelial carcinoma (UUC). AA has been identified as the causative agent of these pathologies. Several studies on mechanisms of action of AA nephrotoxicity have been conducted, but the comprehensive mechanisms of AA-induced nephrotoxicity and carcinogenesis have not yet fully been elucidated, and therapeutic measures are therefore limited. This review aimed to summarize the molecular mechanisms underlying AA-induced nephrotoxicity with an emphasis on its enzymatic bioactivation, and to discuss some agents and their modes of action to reduce AA nephrotoxicity. By addressing these two aspects, including mechanisms of action of AA nephrotoxicity and protective approaches against the latter, and especially by covering the whole range of these protective agents, this review provides an overview on AA nephrotoxicity. It also reports new knowledge on mechanisms of AA-mediated nephrotoxicity recently published in the literature and provides suggestions for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ji Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; (E.E.A.); (F.Y.)
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11
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Sidorenko VS. Biotransformation and Toxicities of Aristolochic Acids. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1241:139-166. [PMID: 32383120 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-41283-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Environmental and iatrogenic exposures contribute significantly to human diseases, including cancer. The list of known human carcinogens has recently been extended by the addition of aristolochic acids (AAs). AAs occur primarily in Aristolochia herbs, which are used extensively in folk medicines, including Traditional Chinese Medicine. Ingestion of AAs results in chronic renal disease and cancer. Despite importation bans imposed by certain countries, herbal remedies containing AAs are readily available for purchase through the internet. With recent advancements in mass spectrometry, next generation sequencing, and the development of integrated organs-on-chips, our knowledge of cancers associated with AA exposure, and of the mechanisms involved in AA toxicities, has significantly improved. DNA adduction plays a central role in AA-induced cancers; however, significant gaps remain in our knowledge as to how cellular enzymes promote activation of AAs and how the reactive species selectively bind to DNA and kidney proteins. In this review, I describe pathways for AAs biotransformation, adduction, and mutagenesis, emphasizing novel methods and ideas contributing to our present understanding of AA toxicities in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriya S Sidorenko
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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12
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Okuno Y, Bonala R, Attaluri S, Johnson F, Grollman AP, Sidorenko VS, Oda Y. Bioactivation mechanisms of N-hydroxyaristolactams: Nitroreduction metabolites of aristolochic acids. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2019; 60:792-806. [PMID: 31374128 PMCID: PMC6899766 DOI: 10.1002/em.22321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aristolochic acids (AAs) are human nephrotoxins and carcinogens found in concoctions of Aristolochia plants used in traditional medicinal practices worldwide. Genotoxicity of AAs is associated with the formation of active species catalyzed by metabolic enzymes, the full repertoire of which is unknown. Recently, we provided evidence that sulfonation is important for bioactivation of AAs. Here, we employ Salmonella typhimurium umu tester strains expressing human N-acetyltransferases (NATs) and sulfotransferases (SULTs), to study the role of conjugation reactions in the genotoxicities of N-hydroxyaristolactams (AL-I-NOH and AL-II-NOH), metabolites of AA-I and AA-II. Both N-hydroxyaristolactams show stronger genotoxic effects in umu strains expressing human NAT1 and NAT2, than in the parent strain. Additionally, AL-I-NOH displays increased genotoxicity in strains expressing human SULT1A1 and SULT1A2, whereas AL-II-NOH shows enhanced genotoxicity in SULT1A1/2 and SULT1A3 strains. 2,6-Dichloro-4-nitrophenol, SULTs inhibitor, reduced umuC gene expression induced by N-hydroxyaristolactams in SULT1A2 strain. N-hydroxyaristolactams are also mutagenic in parent strains, suggesting that an additional mechanism(s) may contribute to their genotoxicities. Accordingly, using putative SULT substrates and inhibitors, we found that cytosols obtained from human kidney HK-2 cells activate N-hydroxyaristolactams in aristolactam-DNA adducts with the limited involvement of SULTs. Removal of low-molecular-weight reactants in the 3.5-10 kDa range inhibits the formation of aristolactam-DNA by 500-fold, which could not be prevented by the addition of cofactors for SULTs and NATs. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the genotoxicities of N-hydroxyaristolactams depend on the cell type and involve not only sulfonation but also N,O-acetyltransfer and an additional yet unknown mechanism(s). Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Okuno
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Institute of TechnologyWakayama College77 Noshima, Nada, Gobo‐shi, Wakayama644‐0023Japan
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Material Science and EngineeringWakayama National College of Technology, Gobo‐shiWakayama644‐0023Japan
| | - Radha Bonala
- Department of Pharmacological SciencesStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York11794USA
| | - Sivaprasad Attaluri
- Department of Pharmacological SciencesStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York11794USA
| | - Francis Johnson
- Department of Pharmacological SciencesStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York11794USA
- Department of ChemistryStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York11794USA
| | - Arthur P. Grollman
- Department of Pharmacological SciencesStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York11794USA
- Department of MedicineStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York11794USA
| | | | - Yoshimitsu Oda
- Institute of Life and Environmental SciencesOsaka Shin‐Ai College6‐2‐28 Tsurumi, Tsurumi‐ku, Osaka538‐0053Japan
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13
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Fantini D, Seiler R, Meeks JJ. Molecular footprints of muscle-invasive bladder cancer in smoking and nonsmoking patients. Urol Oncol 2019; 37:818-825. [PMID: 30446446 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer is the fifth most common cancer in the United States and smoking is the largest known risk factor. Tobacco-derived carcinogens may induce the accumulation of somatic mutations in urothelial cells, and likely promote tumorigenesis. However, it is still unknown whether smoking-induced bladder carcinogenesis results in tumors with distinctive molecular features that can be therapeutically exploited. METHODS We investigated the genomic alterations of human bladder cancer and examined their association with patient smoking history. We performed bioinformatic analyses and looked at differences in gene expression, somatic mutations, and DNA mutational signatures comparing nonsmokers, reformed smokers, and current smokers. RESULTS We detected a limited set of gene expression and gene mutation differences between smokers and nonsmokers. We also identified a specific mutational signature that is enriched in tumors from smokers. This mutational signature was described before and has been linked to specific DNA repair defects in human bladder tumors, as well as to the direct effect of nitrosamine carcinogens in the BBN murine model of bladder cancer. CONCLUSION We showed associations between smoking status and selected mutational signatures, which could provide insights in the biology of bladder carcinogenesis and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Fantini
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Roland Seiler
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joshua J Meeks
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.
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14
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Dual roles of glutathione S-transferase mu 1 in the development and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109532. [PMID: 31605953 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in carcinogenesis, and cellular antioxidant systems are important for detoxifying ROS and reversing oxidant-mediated modifications. Glutathione S-transferase mu (GSTM) belongs to a family of phase II detoxification enzymes that catalyze the conjugation of reduced glutathione (GSH) to a wide range of endogenous and exogenous electrophilic compounds. The genotype of GSTM1 was associated with the risk and prognosis of cancer in several meta-analyses. This study explored the function of GSTM1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blotting (WB) were used to detect the levels of gene and protein expression. MTS assays, Transwell assays, and flow cytometry were used to explore the function of GSTM1 in vitro. The xenograft assay and tail vein injection model were used to explore the function of GSTM1 in vivo. RESULTS The mRNA and protein expression of GSTM1 was downregulated in HCC, but the expression levels of GSTM1 were not correlated with patient survival time. In vitro, Transwell and doxorubicin (DOX)-induced apoptosis assays revealed that GSTM1 showed opposite functions in different HCC cell lines with varied TP53 genotype statuses. The overexpression of GSTM1 in the above cell lines led to a significant decrease in ROS and an increase in GSH concentration and TP53 levels, suggesting that the controversial role of GSTM1 resulted from the TP53 genotype of HCC cells. The overexpression of GSTM1 promoted cell migration and inhibited apoptosis in the MHCC-97H cell line (TP53, R249S), but inhibited cell migration and increased apoptosis in the SMMC-7721 cell line (TP53 wildtype). CONCLUSION GSTM1 down-regulation may partially account for ROS-mediated oxidative damage and HCC carcinogenesis. GSTM1 also regulates tumor progression by disrupting the ROS-TP53 axis in HCC cells with different genetic backgrounds.
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15
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Van Hoeck A, Tjoonk NH, van Boxtel R, Cuppen E. Portrait of a cancer: mutational signature analyses for cancer diagnostics. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:457. [PMID: 31092228 PMCID: PMC6521503 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5677-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past decade, systematic and comprehensive analyses of cancer genomes have identified cancer driver genes and revealed unprecedented insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of cancer. These studies illustrate that although every cancer has a unique genetic make-up, there are only a limited number of mechanisms that shape the mutational landscapes of cancer genomes, as reflected by characteristic computationally-derived mutational signatures. Importantly, the molecular mechanisms underlying specific signatures can now be dissected and coupled to treatment strategies. Systematic characterization of mutational signatures in a cancer patient's genome may thus be a promising new tool for molecular tumor diagnosis and classification. RESULTS In this review, we describe the status of mutational signature analysis in cancer genomes and discuss the opportunities and relevance, as well as future challenges, for further implementation of mutational signatures in clinical tumor diagnostics and therapy guidance. CONCLUSIONS Scientific studies have illustrated the potential of mutational signature analysis in cancer research. As such, we believe that the implementation of mutational signature analysis within the diagnostic workflow will improve cancer diagnosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Van Hoeck
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Oncode Institute, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Niels H. Tjoonk
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Oncode Institute, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology and Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben van Boxtel
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology and Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Cuppen
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Oncode Institute, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Hartwig Medical Foundation, Science Park 408, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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16
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Springer SU, Chen CH, Rodriguez Pena MDC, Li L, Douville C, Wang Y, Cohen JD, Taheri D, Silliman N, Schaefer J, Ptak J, Dobbyn L, Papoli M, Kinde I, Afsari B, Tregnago AC, Bezerra SM, VandenBussche C, Fujita K, Ertoy D, Cunha IW, Yu L, Bivalacqua TJ, Grollman AP, Diaz LA, Karchin R, Danilova L, Huang CY, Shun CT, Turesky RJ, Yun BH, Rosenquist TA, Pu YS, Hruban RH, Tomasetti C, Papadopoulos N, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, Dickman KG, Netto GJ. Non-invasive detection of urothelial cancer through the analysis of driver gene mutations and aneuploidy. eLife 2018; 7:32143. [PMID: 29557778 PMCID: PMC5860864 DOI: 10.7554/elife.32143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Current non-invasive approaches for detection of urothelial cancers are suboptimal. We developed a test to detect urothelial neoplasms using DNA recovered from cells shed into urine. UroSEEK incorporates massive parallel sequencing assays for mutations in 11 genes and copy number changes on 39 chromosome arms. In 570 patients at risk for bladder cancer (BC), UroSEEK was positive in 83% of those who developed BC. Combined with cytology, UroSEEK detected 95% of patients who developed BC. Of 56 patients with upper tract urothelial cancer, 75% tested positive by UroSEEK, including 79% of those with non-invasive tumors. UroSEEK detected genetic abnormalities in 68% of urines obtained from BC patients under surveillance who demonstrated clinical evidence of recurrence. The advantages of UroSEEK over cytology were evident in low-grade BCs; UroSEEK detected 67% of cases whereas cytology detected none. These results establish the foundation for a new non-invasive approach for detection of urothelial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeon U Springer
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Chung-Hsin Chen
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Maria Del Carmen Rodriguez Pena
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Christopher Douville
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Joshua David Cohen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Diana Taheri
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Pathology, Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Natalie Silliman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Joy Schaefer
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Janine Ptak
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Lisa Dobbyn
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Maria Papoli
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Isaac Kinde
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Bahman Afsari
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Aline C Tregnago
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | | | | | | | - Dilek Ertoy
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Isabela W Cunha
- Department of Pathology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lijia Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States
| | | | - Arthur P Grollman
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States.,Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States
| | - Luis A Diaz
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States
| | - Rachel Karchin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Ludmila Danilova
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Chao-Yuan Huang
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Tung Shun
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Robert J Turesky
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Byeong Hwa Yun
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Thomas A Rosenquist
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States
| | - Yeong-Shiau Pu
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ralph H Hruban
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Cristian Tomasetti
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States.,Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Nickolas Papadopoulos
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Ken W Kinzler
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Bert Vogelstein
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Kathleen G Dickman
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States.,Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States
| | - George J Netto
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States
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17
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Lv Y, Que Y, Su Q, Li Q, Chen X, Lu H. Bioinformatics facilitating the use of microarrays to delineate potential miRNA biomarkers in aristolochic acid nephropathy. Oncotarget 2018; 7:52270-52280. [PMID: 27418141 PMCID: PMC5239550 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) is a rapidly progressive acute or chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN). The present study attempted to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the miRNA-directed development of AAN. Our differentially expressed analysis identified 11 DE-miRNAs and retrieved the target genes of these DE-miRNAs; then, network analysis and functional analysis further identified 6 DE-miRNAs (has-miR-192, has-miR-194, has-miR-542-3p, has-miR-450a, has-miR-584, has-miR-33a) as phenotypic biomarkers of AAN. Surprisingly, of has-miR-192 has been reported to be associated with the pathogenesis of AAN, and has-miR-194, has-miR-542-3p and has-miR-450a was first-time identified to link to the development of AAN. In addition, the expressional changes of has-miR-584 and has-miR-33a may be associated with the development of AAN as well, which must be further confirmed by the associated experiments. Taken together, our work reveals for the first time the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs in the development of AAN and this will contribute to miRNA-based diagnosis and treatment of AAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Lv
- Key Laboratory of Dai and Southern Medicine of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong 666100, P.R. China
| | - Yumei Que
- Innovative Drug Research Centre and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Qiao Su
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China.,Innovative Drug Research Centre and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China.,Innovative Drug Research Centre and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dai and Southern Medicine of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong 666100, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Lu
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China.,Tissue Repair and Regeneration Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4059, Australia
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18
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Baugh EH, Ke H, Levine AJ, Bonneau RA, Chan CS. Why are there hotspot mutations in the TP53 gene in human cancers? Cell Death Differ 2018; 25:154-160. [PMID: 29099487 PMCID: PMC5729536 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 gene contains homozygous mutations in ~50-60% of human cancers. About 90% of these mutations encode missense mutant proteins that span ~190 different codons localized in the DNA-binding domain of the gene and protein. These mutations produce a protein with a reduced capacity to bind to a specific DNA sequence that regulates the p53 transcriptional pathway. Eight of these mutations are localized in codons that account for ~28% of the total p53 mutations and these alleles appear to be selected for preferentially in human cancers of many tissue types. This article explores the question 'Why are there hotspot mutations in the p53 gene in human cancers?' Four possible reasons for this are considered; (1) the hotspot mutant alleles produce a protein that has a highly altered structure, (2) environmental mutagens produce allele-specific changes in the p53 gene, (3) these mutations arise at selected sites in the gene due to a specific DNA sequence, such as a methylated cytosine residue in a CpG dinucleotide, which has a higher mutation rate changing C to T nucleotides, (4) along with the observed change in mutant p53 proteins, which produce a loss of function (DNA binding and transcription), some mutant proteins have an allele-specific gain of function that promotes cancer. Evidence is presented that demonstrates the first three possibilities all contribute some property to this list of hotspot mutations. The fourth possibility remains to be tested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hua Ke
- Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | | | - Richard A Bonneau
- New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Simons Foundation New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chang S Chan
- Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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19
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Zhivagui M, Korenjak M, Zavadil J. Modelling Mutation Spectra of Human Carcinogens Using Experimental Systems. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2017; 121 Suppl 3:16-22. [PMID: 27754614 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mutation spectra in cancer genomes provide information on the disease aetiology and the causality underlying the evolution and progression of cancer. Genome-wide mutation patterns reflect the effects of mutagenic insults and can thus reveal past carcinogen-specific exposures and inform hypotheses on the causative factors for specific cancer types. To identify mutation profiles in human cancers, single-gene studies were first employed, focusing mainly on the tumour suppressor gene TP53. Furthermore, experimental studies had been developed in model organisms. They allowed the characterization of the mutation patterns specific to known human carcinogens, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or ultraviolet light. With the advent of massively parallel sequencing, mutation landscapes become revealed on a large scale, in human primary tumours and in experimental models, enabling deeper investigations of the functional and structural impact of mutations on the genome, including exposure-specific base-change fingerprints known as mutational signatures. These studies can now accelerate the identification of aetiological factors, contribute to carcinogen evaluation and classification and ultimately inform cancer prevention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zhivagui
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Michael Korenjak
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Jiri Zavadil
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO), Lyon, France
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TP53 mutations in p53-negative dysplastic urothelial cells from Belgian AAN patients: New evidence for aristolochic acid-induced molecular pathogenesis and carcinogenesis. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2017; 818:17-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Jadot I, Declèves AE, Nortier J, Caron N. An Integrated View of Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy: Update of the Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020297. [PMID: 28146082 PMCID: PMC5343833 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The term “aristolochic acid nephropathy” (AAN) is used to include any form of toxic interstitial nephropathy that is caused either by ingestion of plants containing aristolochic acids (AA) as part of traditional phytotherapies (formerly known as “Chinese herbs nephropathy”), or by the environmental contaminants in food (Balkan endemic nephropathy). It is frequently associated with urothelial malignancies. Although products containing AA have been banned in most of countries, AAN cases remain regularly reported all over the world. Moreover, AAN incidence is probably highly underestimated given the presence of AA in traditional herbal remedies worldwide and the weak awareness of the disease. During these two past decades, animal models for AAN have been developed to investigate underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in AAN pathogenesis. Indeed, a more-in-depth understanding of these processes is essential to develop therapeutic strategies aimed to reduce the global and underestimated burden of this disease. In this regard, our purpose was to build a broad overview of what is currently known about AAN. To achieve this goal, we aimed to summarize the latest data available about underlying pathophysiological mechanisms leading to AAN development with a particular emphasis on the imbalance between vasoactive factors as well as a focus on the vascular events often not considered in AAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Jadot
- Molecular Physiology Research Unit-URPhyM, Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur 5000, Belgium.
| | - Anne-Emilie Declèves
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons 7000, Belgium.
| | - Joëlle Nortier
- Nephrology Department, Erasme Academic Hospital and Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1070, Belgium.
| | - Nathalie Caron
- Molecular Physiology Research Unit-URPhyM, Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur 5000, Belgium.
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22
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Wang D, Li XW, Wang X, Tan HR, Jia Y, Yang L, Li XM, Shang MY, Xu F, Yang XX, Shoyama Y, Cai SQ. Alpha-Actinin-4 is a Possible Target Protein for Aristolochic Acid I in Human Kidney Cells In Vitro. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2016; 44:291-304. [PMID: 27080942 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x16500178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aristolochic acid I (AA-I) is a strong nephrotoxin, carcinogen, and mutagen found in plants such as the Aristolochia species. The mechanisms underlying AA-I toxicity in the kidneys are poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to gain insight into the mechanism of AA-I nephrotoxicity by analyzing the uptake, subcellular distribution, and intracellular targets of AA-I in the human kidney cell line HK-2 using immunocytochemistry, immunoprecipitation, and LC-MS/MS. In HK-2 cells incubated with 20[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/mL AA-I for different periods of time (up to 12[Formula: see text]h), AA-I was detected by a specific monoclonal antibody (MAb) against AA-I, both in the cytoplasm and nuclei. Nuclear localization depended on the exposure time. A protein with the molecular weight of 100 kDa was immunoprecipitated with the anti-AA-I MAb from the AA-I-treated cell lysates and was identified by LC-MS/MS as [Formula: see text]-actinin-4 after digestion of the protein, and was confirmed by immunoblotting with a specific anti-[Formula: see text]-actinin-4 MAb. This evidence shows, for the first time, that [Formula: see text]-actinin-4 is a protein targeted by AA-I in kidney cells. Our findings strongly suggest an association between [Formula: see text]-actinin-4 and AA-I nephrotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- * State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs.,† Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Wei Li
- * State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs.,† Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Wang
- † Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Huan-Ran Tan
- ‡ Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yan Jia
- § Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Li Yang
- § Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Mei Li
- § Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | | | - Feng Xu
- * State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
| | - Xing-Xin Yang
- * State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
| | - Yukihiro Shoyama
- ¶ Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- * State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
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Hainaut P, Pfeifer GP. Somatic TP53 Mutations in the Era of Genome Sequencing. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2016; 6:cshperspect.a026179. [PMID: 27503997 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a026179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Amid the complexity of genetic alterations in human cancer, TP53 mutation appears as an almost invariant component, representing by far the most frequent genetic alteration overall. Compared with previous targeted sequencing studies, recent integrated genomics studies offer a less biased view of TP53 mutation patterns, revealing that >20% of mutations occur outside the DNA-binding domain. Among the 12 mutations representing each at least 1% of all mutations, five occur at residues directly involved in specific DNA binding, four affect the tertiary fold of the DNA-binding domain, and three are nonsense mutations, two of them in the carboxyl terminus. Significant mutations also occur in introns, affecting alternative splicing events or generating rearrangements (e.g., in intron 1 in sporadic osteosarcoma). In aggressive cancers, mutation is so common that it may not have prognostic value (all these cancers have impaired p53 function caused by mutation or by other mechanisms). In several other cancers, however, mutation makes a clear difference for prognostication, as, for example, in HER2-enriched breast cancers and in lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutations. Thus, the clinical significance of TP53 mutation is dependent on tumor subtype and context. Understanding the clinical impact of mutation will require integrating mutation-specific information (type, frequency, and predicted impact) with data on haplotypes and on loss of heterozygosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Hainaut
- University Grenoble Alpes, Institut Albert Bonniot, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), 823 Grenoble, France
| | - Gerd P Pfeifer
- Center for Epigenetics, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503
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24
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Interplay between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and upper tract urothelial carcinomas (UUC): foe or friend? Oncotarget 2016; 7:53951-53958. [PMID: 27256983 PMCID: PMC5288235 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although upper tract urothelial carcinomas (UUC) is curable through nephrectomy or nephroureterectomy, progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CKD-related mortality have been highlighted as clinical challenges in recent years owing to the loss of a large number of nephrons. While CKD can promote the development of UUC, other risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, advanced age, and anemia can facilitate the progression of CKD. Conversely, CKD is especially prevalent in UUC patients. However, the relationship between CKD and UUC, mechanisms for CKD causing UUC, and gender disparity of UUC of CKD patients have so far not been well-reviewed. As UUC gradually grows, the cancer can be a physical obstacle in the urinary tract. It will cause an increased tract pressure, subsequently resulting in the dysfunction of both nephrons and kidney. At the molecular level, reduced level of oxidative stress was observed in female UUC patients. Furthermore, radical nephrectomy therapy for UUC patients accelerates the progress of chronic kidney dysfunction. Incidentally, the remedies for CKD containing aristolochic acid (AA) are carcinogenic. Our present review offers a comprehensive look at the relationship between CKD and UUC from multiple perspectives. Early and precise identification of progression of CKD and UUC will benefit the patients at high-risk of CKD or UUC, which will also be instructive in directing timely and effective therapeutic interventions whenever necessary. It may also shed light on unveiling the underlying mechanisms of carcinogenesis of UUC, preventing CKD progression, and prolonging the patients' overall survival.
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25
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Hollstein M, Alexandrov LB, Wild CP, Ardin M, Zavadil J. Base changes in tumour DNA have the power to reveal the causes and evolution of cancer. Oncogene 2016; 36:158-167. [PMID: 27270430 PMCID: PMC5241425 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has demonstrated that the cancer genomes are peppered with mutations. Although most somatic tumour mutations are unlikely to have any role in the cancer process per se, the spectra of DNA sequence changes in tumour mutation catalogues have the potential to identify the mutagens, and to reveal the mutagenic processes responsible for human cancer. Very recently, a novel approach for data mining of the vast compilations of tumour NGS data succeeded in separating and precisely defining at least 30 distinct patterns of sequence change hidden in mutation databases. At least half of these mutational signatures can be readily assigned to known human carcinogenic exposures or endogenous mechanisms of mutagenesis. A quantum leap in our knowledge of mutagenesis in human cancers has resulted, stimulating a flurry of research activity. We trace here the major findings leading first to the hypothesis that carcinogenic insults leave characteristic imprints on the DNA sequence of tumours, and culminating in empirical evidence from NGS data that well-defined carcinogen mutational signatures are indeed present in tumour genomic DNA from a variety of cancer types. The notion that tumour DNAs can divulge environmental sources of mutation is now a well-accepted fact. This approach to cancer aetiology has also incriminated various endogenous, enzyme-driven processes that increase the somatic mutation load in sporadic cancers. The tasks now confronting the field of molecular epidemiology are to assign mutagenic processes to orphan and newly discovered tumour mutation patterns, and to determine whether avoidable cancer risk factors influence signatures produced by endogenous enzymatic mechanisms. Innovative research with experimental models and exploitation of the geographical heterogeneity in cancer incidence can address these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hollstein
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - L B Alexandrov
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics (T-6), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.,Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - C P Wild
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - M Ardin
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - J Zavadil
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
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26
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Rosenquist TA, Grollman AP. Mutational signature of aristolochic acid: Clue to the recognition of a global disease. DNA Repair (Amst) 2016; 44:205-211. [PMID: 27237586 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2016.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mutational signatures associated with specific forms of DNA damage have been identified in several forms of human cancer. Such signatures provide information regarding mechanisms of tumor induction which, in turn, can reduce exposure to carcinogens by shaping public health policy. Using a molecular epidemiologic approach that takes advantage of recent advances in genome sequencing while applying sensitive and specific analytical methods to characterize DNA damage, it has become increasingly possible to establish causative linkages between certain environmental mutagens and disease risk. In this perspective, we use aristolochic acid, a human carcinogen and nephrotoxin found in Aristolochia herbs, to illustrate the power and effectiveness of this multidisciplinary approach. The genome-wide mutational signature for this toxin, detected initially in cancers of the upper urinary tract, has subsequently been associated with cancers of the liver and kidney. These findings have significant implications for global public health, especially in China, where millions of individuals have used Aristolochia herbal remedies as part of traditional Chinese medicine and, thus, are at risk of developing aristolochic acid nephropathy and/or upper urinary tract carcinomas. The studies reported here set the stage for research into prevention and early detection, both of which will be required to manage a potentially devastating global disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Rosenquist
- Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, United States
| | - Arthur P Grollman
- Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, United States.
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27
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Isidoro C, Huang CC, Sheen LY. Report from the Second International Conference of Traditional and Complementary Medicine on Health 2015. J Tradit Complement Med 2016; 6:5-9. [PMID: 26870692 PMCID: PMC4738037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Second International Conference of Traditional and Complementary Medicine on Health was held from October 24th through 27th at the GIS National Taiwan University Convention Center in Taipei. Twenty-seven invited speakers, representative of fourteen Countries, delivered their lecture in front of an audience of more than two hundreds of attendees. In addition, a poster exhibition with seventy-two presenters completed the scientific sessions. The leitmotif of the Conference was to promote a common platform in which all medical knowledge is integrated to improve the health care system. Traditional medicine and complementary medicine are characterized by a holistic approach to prevent and cure diseases, making use of natural products and/or physical manipulations. In this context, the Conference emphasized the importance of the Quality Control and of standardized methods for the authentication, preparation and characterization of the herbal products and nutrient supplements, as well as the need for controlled clinical trials and for experimental studies to demonstrate the efficacy and to understand the underlying mechanisms of the preventive and curative treatments. In this report, we highlight the novel findings and the perspectives in Traditional and Complementary Medicine (TCM; 傳統暨互補醫學 chuán tǒng jì hù bǔ yī xué) that emerged during the conference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Isidoro
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via P. Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Chia-Chi Huang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Food and Biomolecules, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Yan Sheen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Food and Biomolecules, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan
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28
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Friis S, Kesminiene A, Espina C, Auvinen A, Straif K, Schüz J. European Code against Cancer 4th Edition: Medical exposures, including hormone therapy, and cancer. Cancer Epidemiol 2015; 39 Suppl 1:S107-19. [PMID: 26390952 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The 4th edition of the European Code against Cancer recommends limiting - or avoiding when possible - the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) because of the increased risk of cancer, nevertheless acknowledging that prescription of HRT may be indicated under certain medical conditions. Current evidence shows that HRT, generally prescribed as menopausal hormone therapy, is associated with an increased risk of cancers of the breast, endometrium, and ovary, with the risk pattern depending on factors such as the type of therapy (oestrogen-only or combined oestrogen-progestogen), duration of treatment, and initiation according to the time of menopause. Carcinogenicity has also been established for anti-neoplastic agents used in cancer therapy, immunosuppressants, oestrogen-progestogen contraceptives, and tamoxifen. Medical use of ionising radiation, an established carcinogen, can provide major health benefits; however, prudent practices need to be in place, with procedures and techniques providing the needed diagnostic information or therapeutic gain with the lowest possible radiation exposure. For pharmaceutical drugs and medical radiation exposure with convincing evidence on their carcinogenicity, health benefits have to be balanced against the risks; potential increases in long-term cancer risk should be considered in the context of the often substantial and immediate health benefits from diagnosis and/or treatment. Thus, apart from HRT, no general recommendations on reducing cancer risk were given for carcinogenic drugs and medical radiation in the 4th edition of European Code against Cancer. It is crucial that the application of these measures relies on medical expertise and thorough benefit-risk evaluation. This also pertains to cancer-preventive drugs, and self-medication with aspirin or other potential chemopreventive drugs is strongly discouraged because of the possibility of serious, potentially lethal, adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Friis
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, and Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Ausrele Kesminiene
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Carolina Espina
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Anssi Auvinen
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; STUK-Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Research and Environmental Surveillance, FI-00881 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kurt Straif
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Joachim Schüz
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, France.
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29
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Castells X, Karanović S, Ardin M, Tomić K, Xylinas E, Durand G, Villar S, Forey N, Le Calvez-Kelm F, Voegele C, Karlović K, Mišić M, Dittrich D, Dolgalev I, McKay J, Shariat SF, Sidorenko VS, Fernandes A, Heguy A, Dickman KG, Olivier M, Grollman AP, Jelaković B, Zavadil J. Low-Coverage Exome Sequencing Screen in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tumors Reveals Evidence of Exposure to Carcinogenic Aristolochic Acid. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015; 24:1873-81. [PMID: 26383547 PMCID: PMC4806408 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-0553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary exposure to cytotoxic and carcinogenic aristolochic acid (AA) causes severe nephropathy typically associated with urologic cancers. Monitoring of AA exposure uses biomarkers such as aristolactam-DNA adducts, detected by mass spectrometry in the kidney cortex, or the somatic A>T transversion pattern characteristic of exposure to AA, as revealed by previous DNA-sequencing studies using fresh-frozen tumors. METHODS Here, we report a low-coverage whole-exome sequencing method (LC-WES) optimized for multisample detection of the AA mutational signature, and demonstrate its utility in 17 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded urothelial tumors obtained from 15 patients with endemic nephropathy, an environmental form of AA nephropathy. RESULTS LC-WES identified the AA signature, alongside signatures of age and APOBEC enzyme activity, in 15 samples sequenced at the average per-base coverage of approximately 10×. Analysis at 3 to 9× coverage revealed the signature in 91% of the positive samples. The exome-wide distribution of the predominant A>T transversions exhibited a stochastic pattern, whereas 83 cancer driver genes were enriched for recurrent nonsynonymous A>T mutations. In two patients, pairs of tumors from different parts of the urinary tract, including the bladder, harbored overlapping mutation patterns, suggesting tumor dissemination via cell seeding. CONCLUSIONS LC-WES analysis of archived tumor tissues is a reliable method applicable to investigations of both the exposure to AA and its biologic effects in human carcinomas. IMPACT By detecting cancers associated with AA exposure in high-risk populations, LC-WES can support future molecular epidemiology studies and provide evidence-base for relevant preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Castells
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Sandra Karanović
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Dialysis, and Transplantation, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maude Ardin
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Karla Tomić
- General Hospital "Dr. Josip Benčević," Slavonski Brod, Croatia
| | - Evanguelos Xylinas
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Geoffroy Durand
- Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Stephanie Villar
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Nathalie Forey
- Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Florence Le Calvez-Kelm
- Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Catherine Voegele
- Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Maja Mišić
- General Hospital "Dr. Josip Benčević," Slavonski Brod, Croatia
| | - Damir Dittrich
- General Hospital "Dr. Josip Benčević," Slavonski Brod, Croatia
| | - Igor Dolgalev
- OCS Genome Technology Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - James McKay
- Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Viktoria S Sidorenko
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Andrea Fernandes
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Adriana Heguy
- OCS Genome Technology Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Kathleen G Dickman
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York. Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Magali Olivier
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Arthur P Grollman
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York. Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Bojan Jelaković
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Dialysis, and Transplantation, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jiri Zavadil
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
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Abstract
DNA damage is a constant threat to cells, causing cytotoxicity as well as inducing genetic alterations. The steady-state abundance of DNA lesions in a cell is minimized by a variety of DNA repair mechanisms, including DNA strand break repair, mismatch repair, nucleotide excision repair, base excision repair, and ribonucleotide excision repair. The efficiencies and mechanisms by which these pathways remove damage from chromosomes have been primarily characterized by investigating the processing of lesions at defined genomic loci, among bulk genomic DNA, on episomal DNA constructs, or using in vitro substrates. However, the structure of a chromosome is heterogeneous, consisting of heavily protein-bound heterochromatic regions, open regulatory regions, actively transcribed genes, and even areas of transient single stranded DNA. Consequently, DNA repair pathways function in a much more diverse set of chromosomal contexts than can be readily assessed using previous methods. Recent efforts to develop whole genome maps of DNA damage, repair processes, and even mutations promise to greatly expand our understanding of DNA repair and mutagenesis. Here we review the current efforts to utilize whole genome maps of DNA damage and mutation to understand how different chromosomal contexts affect DNA excision repair pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Wyrick
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
| | - Steven A Roberts
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
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31
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Jelaković B, Castells X, Tomić K, Ardin M, Karanović S, Zavadil J. Renal cell carcinomas of chronic kidney disease patients harbor the mutational signature of carcinogenic aristolochic acid. Int J Cancer 2015; 136:2967-72. [PMID: 25403517 PMCID: PMC4720973 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aristolochic acid (AA) is a potent dietary cytotoxin and carcinogen, and an established etiological agent underlying severe human nephropathies and associated upper urinary tract urothelial cancers, collectively designated aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN). Its genome-wide mutational signature, marked by predominant A:T > T:A transversions occurring in the 5'-CpApG-3' trinucleotide context and enriched on the nontranscribed gene strand, has been identified in human upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas from East Asian patients and in experimental systems. Here we report a whole-exome sequencing screen performed on DNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded renal cell carcinomas (RCC) arising in chronic renal disease patients from a Balkan endemic nephropathy (EN) region. In the EN regions, the disease results from the consumption of bread made from wheat contaminated by seeds of Aristolochia clematitis, an AA-containing plant. In five of eight (62.5%) tested RCC tumor specimens, we observed the characteristic global mutational signature consistent with the mutagenic effects of AA. This signature was absent in the control RCC samples obtained from patients from a nonendemic, metropolitan region. By identifying a new tumor type associated with the AA-driven genome-wide mutagenic process in the context of renal disease, our results suggest new epidemiological and public health implications for the RCC incidence worldwide, particularly for the high-risk regions with unregulated use of AA-containing traditional herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojan Jelaković
- Department for Nephrology, Arterial Hypertension, Dialysis and Transplantation, University Hospital Center, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Xavier Castells
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Karla Tomić
- Department of Pathology, Dr Josip Benčević General Hospital, Slavonski Brod, Croatia
| | - Maude Ardin
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Sandra Karanović
- Department for Nephrology, Arterial Hypertension, Dialysis and Transplantation, University Hospital Center, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jiri Zavadil
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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32
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Poon SL, Huang MN, Choo Y, McPherson JR, Yu W, Heng HL, Gan A, Myint SS, Siew EY, Ler LD, Ng LG, Weng WH, Chuang CK, Yuen JSP, Pang ST, Tan P, Teh BT, Rozen SG. Mutation signatures implicate aristolochic acid in bladder cancer development. Genome Med 2015; 7:38. [PMID: 26015808 PMCID: PMC4443665 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-015-0161-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aristolochic acid (AA) is a natural compound found in many plants of the Aristolochia genus, and these plants are widely used in traditional medicines for numerous conditions and for weight loss. Previous work has connected AA-mutagenesis to upper-tract urothelial cell carcinomas and hepatocellular carcinomas. We hypothesize that AA may also contribute to bladder cancer. METHODS Here, we investigated the involvement of AA-mutagenesis in bladder cancer by sequencing bladder tumor genomes from two patients with known exposure to AA. After detecting strong mutational signatures of AA exposure in these tumors, we exome-sequenced and analyzed an additional 11 bladder tumors and analyzed publicly available somatic mutation data from a further 336 bladder tumors. RESULTS The somatic mutations in the bladder tumors from the two patients with known AA exposure showed overwhelming AA signatures. We also detected evidence of AA exposure in 1 out of 11 bladder tumors from Singapore and in 3 out of 99 bladder tumors from China. In addition, 1 out of 194 bladder tumors from North America showed a pattern of mutations that might have resulted from exposure to an unknown mutagen with a heretofore undescribed pattern of A > T mutations. Besides the signature of AA exposure, the bladder tumors also showed the CpG > TpG and activated-APOBEC signatures, which have been previously reported in bladder cancer. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the utility of inferring mutagenic exposures from somatic mutation spectra. Moreover, AA exposure in bladder cancer appears to be more pervasive in the East, where traditional herbal medicine is more widely used. More broadly, our results suggest that AA exposure is more extensive than previously thought both in terms of populations at risk and in terms of types of cancers involved. This appears to be an important public health issue that should be addressed by further investigation and by primary prevention through regulation and education. In addition to opportunities for primary prevention, knowledge of AA exposure would provide opportunities for secondary prevention in the form of intensified screening of patients with known or suspected AA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Ling Poon
- />Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610 Singapore
- />Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
| | - Mi Ni Huang
- />Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
- />Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
| | - Yang Choo
- />Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
- />Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
| | - John R McPherson
- />Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
- />Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
| | - Willie Yu
- />Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610 Singapore
- />Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
- />National University of Singapore, Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456 Singapore
| | - Hong Lee Heng
- />Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610 Singapore
- />Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
| | - Anna Gan
- />Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610 Singapore
- />Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
| | - Swe Swe Myint
- />Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610 Singapore
- />Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
| | - Ee Yan Siew
- />Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610 Singapore
- />Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
| | - Lian Dee Ler
- />Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610 Singapore
- />Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
- />National University of Singapore, Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456 Singapore
| | - Lay Guat Ng
- />Department of Urology, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore, 169608 Singapore
| | - Wen-Hui Weng
- />Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, 1, Section 3, Chung-hsiao East Road, Taipei, 10608 Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Keng Chuang
- />Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 5, Fusing Street, Gueishan Township, Taoyuan County 333 Taiwan
| | - John SP Yuen
- />Department of Urology, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore, 169608 Singapore
| | - See-Tong Pang
- />Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 5, Fusing Street, Gueishan Township, Taoyuan County 333 Taiwan
| | - Patrick Tan
- />Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
- />Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610 Singapore
- />Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Centre for Life Sciences, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456 Singapore
- />Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street Genome, Singapore, 138672 Singapore
| | - Bin Tean Teh
- />Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610 Singapore
- />Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
- />Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Centre for Life Sciences, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456 Singapore
| | - Steven G Rozen
- />Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
- />Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
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Lucca I, Leow JJ, Shariat SF, Chang SL. Diagnosis and Management of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2015; 29:271-88, ix. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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34
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Comprehensive DNA adduct analysis reveals pulmonary inflammatory response contributes to genotoxic action of magnetite nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:3474-92. [PMID: 25658799 PMCID: PMC4346908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16023474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanosized-magnetite (MGT) is widely utilized in medicinal and industrial fields; however, its toxicological properties are not well documented. In our previous report, MGT showed genotoxicity in both in vitro and in vivo assay systems, and it was suggested that inflammatory responses exist behind the genotoxicity. To further clarify mechanisms underlying the genotoxicity, a comprehensive DNA adduct (DNA adductome) analysis was conducted using DNA samples derived from the lungs of mice exposed to MGT. In total, 30 and 42 types of DNA adducts were detected in the vehicle control and MGT-treated groups, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) against a subset of DNA adducts was applied and several adducts, which are deduced to be formed by inflammation or oxidative stress, as the case of etheno-deoxycytidine (εdC), revealed higher contributions to MGT exposure. By quantitative-LC-MS/MS analysis, εdC levels were significantly higher in MGT-treated mice than those of the vehicle control. Taken together with our previous data, it is suggested that inflammatory responses might be involved in the genotoxicity induced by MGT in the lungs of mice.
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35
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Krais AM, Mühlbauer KR, Kucab JE, Chinbuah H, Cornelius MG, Wei QX, Hollstein M, Phillips DH, Arlt VM, Schmeiser HH. Comparison of the metabolic activation of environmental carcinogens in mouse embryonic stem cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:34-43. [PMID: 25230394 PMCID: PMC4258613 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We compared mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells and fibroblasts (MEFs) for their ability to metabolically activate the environmental carcinogens benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), 3-nitrobenzanthrone (3-NBA) and aristolochic acid I (AAI), measuring DNA adduct formation by (32)P-postlabelling and expression of xenobiotic-metabolism genes by quantitative real-time PCR. At 2 μM, BaP induced Cyp1a1 expression in MEFs to a much greater extent than in ES cells and formed 45 times more adducts. Nqo1 mRNA expression was increased by 3-NBA in both cell types but induction was higher in MEFs, as was adduct formation. For AAI, DNA binding was over 450 times higher in MEFs than in ES cells, although Nqo1 and Cyp1a1 transcriptional levels did not explain this difference. We found higher global methylation of DNA in ES cells than in MEFs, which suggests higher chromatin density and lower accessibility of the DNA to DNA damaging agents in ES cells. However, AAI treatment did not alter DNA methylation. Thus mouse ES cells and MEFs have the metabolic competence to activate a number of environmental carcinogens, but MEFs have lower global DNA methylation and higher metabolic capacity than mouse ES cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette M Krais
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karl-Rudolf Mühlbauer
- Research Group Genetic Alterations in Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jill E Kucab
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helena Chinbuah
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael G Cornelius
- Research Group Genetic Alterations in Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Quan-Xiang Wei
- Research Group Genetic Alterations in Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Monica Hollstein
- Research Group Genetic Alterations in Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - David H Phillips
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Heinz H Schmeiser
- Research Group Genetic Alterations in Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Abstract
A role for somatic mutations in carcinogenesis is well accepted, but the degree to which mutation rates influence cancer initiation and development is under continuous debate. Recently accumulated genomic data have revealed that thousands of tumour samples are riddled by hypermutation, broadening support for the idea that many cancers acquire a mutator phenotype. This major expansion of cancer mutation data sets has provided unprecedented statistical power for the analysis of mutation spectra, which has confirmed several classical sources of mutation in cancer, highlighted new prominent mutation sources (such as apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC) enzymes) and empowered the search for cancer drivers. The confluence of cancer mutation genomics and mechanistic insight provides great promise for understanding the basic development of cancer through mutations.
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37
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Malik A, Bissinger R, Calabrò S, Faggio C, Jilani K, Lang F. Aristolochic acid induced suicidal erythrocyte death. Kidney Blood Press Res 2014; 39:408-19. [PMID: 25412628 DOI: 10.1159/000368454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Aristolochic Acid, a component of Aristolochia plants, has been shown to cause acute kidney injury, renal aristolochic acid nephropathy, Balkan endemic nephropathy, and urothelial carcinoma. Aristolochic acid nephropathy may be associated with severe anemia. The anemia could theoretically be due to stimulation of eryptosis, the suicidal death of erythrocytes characterized by cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling with translocation of phosphatidylserine to the erythrocyte cell membrane surface. Signalling involved in the stimulation of eryptosis include increase of cytosolic Ca(2+)-activity ([Ca(2+)]i) and formation of ceramide. METHODS Cell volume was estimated from forward scatter, phosphatidylserine-exposure from annexin V binding, [Ca(2+)]i from Fluo3 fluorescence, and ceramide abundance from binding of fluorescent antibodies in flow cytometry. RESULTS A 48 hours exposure to Aristolochic Acid (≥ 75 µg/ml) was followed by a significant decrease of forward scatter and increase of annexin-V-binding. The effects were paralleled by a significant increase of [Ca(2+)]i and significantly blunted, but not abrogated by removal of extracellular Ca(2+). Aristolochic Acid further significantly increased ceramide abundance. CONCLUSIONS Aristolochic Acid triggers eryptosis, an effect at least in part due to entry of extracellular Ca(2+) and ceramide formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abaid Malik
- Department of Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
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38
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Seisen T, Cancel-Tassin G, Colin P, Cussenot O, Rouprêt M. [Carcinogenic pathways and natural history of upper tract urothelial carcinomas: state-of-the-art review for the yearly scientific report of the French National Association of Urology]. Prog Urol 2014; 24:943-53. [PMID: 25158326 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe natural history and carcinogenesis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). METHODS A systematic review of the scientific literature was performed in the Medline database (Pubmed) using different associations of the following keywords: upper tract urothelial carcinoma; clonality; carcinogenesis; mutation; chromosomal instability; Lynch syndrome; genetic polymorphism. RESULTS Local development of UTUC is characterized by a highly prevalent multifocality that might be explained by the overlap of "field change" and "intraluminal seeding and implantation" theories. UTUC and bladder tumors share common carcinogenesis mechanisms such as mutations of FGFR3 and TP53 defining two distinct pathways of pathogenesis. Epigenetic alterations corresponding to the hypermethylation of different promoters regulating genes expression and chromosomal instability such as chromosome 9 deletions are also involved in UTUC carcinogenesis. Furthermore, specific genetic risk factors fro UTUC including Lynch syndrome and different polymorphisms might explain an individual susceptibility for developing these tumors. CONCLUSIONS Significant advances have been done in the field of basic research in UTUCs in recent years and have been of particular interest to provide better descriptions of their natural history. Despite these important findings however, some carcinogenic mechanisms remains not elucidated and unknown in the field of UTUC so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Seisen
- Service d'urologie de l'hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, AP-HP, 83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; GRC5, ONCOTYPE-URO, institut universitaire de cancérologie, UPMC université Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France
| | - G Cancel-Tassin
- GRC5, ONCOTYPE-URO, institut universitaire de cancérologie, UPMC université Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France
| | - P Colin
- Service d'urologie de l'hôpital privé de La Louvière, générale de santé, 59000 Lille, France; Service d'urologie de l'hôpital de Seclin, 59113 Seclin, France
| | - O Cussenot
- Service d'urologie de l'hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, AP-HP, 83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; GRC5, ONCOTYPE-URO, institut universitaire de cancérologie, UPMC université Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France
| | - M Rouprêt
- Service d'urologie de l'hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, AP-HP, 83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; GRC5, ONCOTYPE-URO, institut universitaire de cancérologie, UPMC université Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France.
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39
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Bárta F, Levová K, Frei E, Schmeiser HH, Arlt VM, Stiborová M. The effect of aristolochic acid I on expression of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase in mice and rats--a comparative study. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2014; 768:1-7. [PMID: 24769487 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Aristolochic acid is the cause of aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) and Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) and their associated urothelial malignancies. Using Western blotting, we investigated the expression of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), the most efficient cytosolic enzyme that reductively activates aristolochic acid I (AAI) in mice and rats. In addition, the effect of AAI on the expression of the NQO1 protein and its enzymatic activity in these experimental animal models was examined. We found that NQO1 protein levels in cytosolic fractions isolated from liver, kidney and lung of mice differed from those expressed in these organs of rats. In mice, the highest levels of NQO1 protein and NQO1 activity were found in the kidney, followed by lung and liver. In contrast, the NQO1 protein levels and enzyme activity were lowest in rat-kidney cytosol, whereas the highest amounts of NQO1 protein and activity were found in lung cytosols, followed by those of liver. NQO1 protein and enzyme activity were induced in liver and kidney of AAI-pretreated mice compared with those of untreated mice. NQO1 protein and enzyme activity were also induced in rat kidney by AAI. Furthermore, the increase in hepatic and renal NQO1 enzyme activity was associated with AAI bio-activation and elevated AAI-DNA adduct levels were found in ex vivo incubations of cytosolic fractions with DNA and AAI. In conclusion, our results indicate that AAI can increase its own metabolic activation by inducing NQO1, thereby enhancing its own genotoxic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- František Bárta
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Levová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Frei
- Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumour Diseases, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heinz H Schmeiser
- Research Group Genetic Alteration in Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, King's College London, MRC-PHE Centre for Environmental & Health, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Stiborová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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40
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Poon SL, McPherson JR, Tan P, Teh BT, Rozen SG. Mutation signatures of carcinogen exposure: genome-wide detection and new opportunities for cancer prevention. Genome Med 2014; 6:24. [PMID: 25031618 PMCID: PMC4062065 DOI: 10.1186/gm541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to environmental mutagens is an important cause of human cancer, and measures to reduce mutagenic and carcinogenic exposures have been highly successful at controlling cancer. Until recently, it has been possible to connect the chemical characteristics of mutagens to actual mutations observed in human tumors only indirectly. Now, next-generation sequencing technology enables us to observe in detail the DNA-sequence-level effects of well-known mutagens, such as ultraviolet radiation and tobacco smoke, as well as endogenous mutagenic processes, such as those involving activated DNA cytidine deaminases (APOBECs). We can also observe the effects of less well-known but potent mutagens, including those recently found to be present in some herbal remedies. Crucially, we can now tease apart the superimposed effects of several mutational exposures and processes and determine which ones occurred during the development of individual tumors. Here, we review advances in detecting these mutation signatures and discuss the implications for surveillance and prevention of cancer. The number of sequenced tumors from diverse cancer types and multiple geographic regions is growing explosively, and the genomes of these tumors will bear the signatures of even more diverse mutagenic exposures. Thus, we envision development of wide-ranging compendia of mutation signatures from tumors and a concerted effort to experimentally elucidate the signatures of a large number of mutagens. This information will be used to link signatures observed in tumors to the exposures responsible for them, which will offer unprecedented opportunities for prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Ling Poon
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - John R McPherson
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Patrick Tan
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Centre for Life Sciences, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Bin Tean Teh
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Steven G Rozen
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
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Olivier M, Weninger A, Ardin M, Huskova H, Castells X, Vallée MP, McKay J, Nedelko T, Muehlbauer KR, Marusawa H, Alexander J, Hazelwood L, Byrnes G, Hollstein M, Zavadil J. Modelling mutational landscapes of human cancers in vitro. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4482. [PMID: 24670820 PMCID: PMC5259794 DOI: 10.1038/srep04482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental models that recapitulate mutational landscapes of human cancers are needed to decipher the rapidly expanding data on human somatic mutations. We demonstrate that mutation patterns in immortalised cell lines derived from primary murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) exposed in vitro to carcinogens recapitulate key features of mutational signatures observed in human cancers. In experiments with several cancer-causing agents we obtained high genome-wide concordance between human tumour mutation data and in vitro data with respect to predominant substitution types, strand bias and sequence context. Moreover, we found signature mutations in well-studied human cancer driver genes. To explore endogenous mutagenesis, we used MEFs ectopically expressing activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) and observed an excess of AID signature mutations in immortalised cell lines compared to their non-transgenic counterparts. MEF immortalisation is thus a simple and powerful strategy for modelling cancer mutation landscapes that facilitates the interpretation of human tumour genome-wide sequencing data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Olivier
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Annette Weninger
- German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum), D69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maude Ardin
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Hana Huskova
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Xavier Castells
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Maxime P. Vallée
- Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - James McKay
- Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Tatiana Nedelko
- German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum), D69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karl-Rudolf Muehlbauer
- German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum), D69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hiroyuki Marusawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - John Alexander
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Lee Hazelwood
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Graham Byrnes
- Biostatistics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Monica Hollstein
- German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum), D69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Jiri Zavadil
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69008 Lyon, France
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Traditional use and safety of herbal medicines1. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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SHI QI, XIAO KANG, WEI WEI, ZHANG BAOYUN, CHEN CAO, XU YIN, CHEN LINA, SONG YUNTAO, MA XIAO, ZHANG NAISONG, DONG XIAOPING. Associations of TP53 mutations, codon 72 polymorphism and human papillomavirus in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. Oncol Rep 2013; 30:2811-9. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Poon SL, Pang ST, McPherson JR, Yu W, Huang KK, Guan P, Weng WH, Siew EY, Liu Y, Heng HL, Chong SC, Gan A, Tay ST, Lim WK, Cutcutache I, Huang D, Ler LD, Nairismagi ML, Lee MH, Chang YH, Yu KJ, Chan-on W, Li BK, Yuan YF, Qian CN, Ng KF, Wu CF, Hsu CL, Bunte RM, Stratton MR, Futreal PA, Sung WK, Chuang CK, Ong CK, Rozen SG, Tan P, Teh BT. Genome-Wide Mutational Signatures of Aristolochic Acid and Its Application as a Screening Tool. Sci Transl Med 2013; 5:197ra101. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3006086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Hoang ML, Chen CH, Sidorenko VS, He J, Dickman KG, Yun BH, Moriya M, Niknafs N, Douville C, Karchin R, Turesky RJ, Pu YS, Vogelstein B, Papadopoulos N, Grollman AP, Kinzler KW, Rosenquist TA. Mutational signature of aristolochic acid exposure as revealed by whole-exome sequencing. Sci Transl Med 2013; 5:197ra102. [PMID: 23926200 PMCID: PMC3973132 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3006200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In humans, exposure to aristolochic acid (AA) is associated with urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract (UTUC). Exome sequencing of UTUCs from 19 individuals with documented exposure to AA revealed a remarkably large number of somatic mutations and an unusual mutational signature attributable to AA. Most of the mutations (72%) in these tumors were A:T-to-T:A transversions, located predominantly on the nontranscribed strand, with a strong preference for deoxyadenosine in a consensus sequence (T/CAG). This trinucleotide motif overlaps the canonical splice acceptor site, possibly accounting for the excess of splice site mutations observed in these tumors. The AA mutational fingerprint was found frequently in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in AA-associated UTUC. The AA mutational signature was observed in one patient's tumor from a UTUC cohort without previous indication of AA exposure. Together, these results directly link an established environmental mutagen to cancer through genome-wide sequencing and highlight its power to reveal individual exposure to carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret L. Hoang
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Chung-Hsin Chen
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Viktoriya S. Sidorenko
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Jian He
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Kathleen G. Dickman
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Byeong Hwa Yun
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12201, USA
| | - Masaaki Moriya
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Noushin Niknafs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Computational Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Christopher Douville
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Computational Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Rachel Karchin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Computational Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Robert J. Turesky
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12201, USA
| | - Yeong-Shiau Pu
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Bert Vogelstein
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Nickolas Papadopoulos
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Arthur P. Grollman
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Kenneth W. Kinzler
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Thomas A. Rosenquist
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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Odell AF, Odell LR, Askham JM, Alogheli H, Ponnambalam S, Hollstein M. A novel p53 mutant found in iatrogenic urothelial cancers is dysfunctional and can be rescued by a second-site global suppressor mutation. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:16704-16714. [PMID: 23612969 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.443168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to herbal remedies containing the carcinogen aristolochic acid (AA) has been widespread in some regions of the world. Rare A→T TP53 mutations were recently discovered in AA-associated urothelial cancers. The near absence of these mutations among all other sequenced human tumors suggests that they could be biologically silent. There are no cell banks with established lines derived from human tumors with which to explore the influence of the novel mutants on p53 function and cellular behavior. To investigate their impact, we generated isogenic mutant clones by integrase-mediated cassette exchange at the p53 locus of platform (null) murine embryonic fibroblasts and kidney epithelial cells. Common tumor mutants (R248W, R273C) were compared with the AA-associated mutants N131Y, R249W, and Q104L. Assays of cell proliferation, migration, growth in soft agar, apoptosis, senescence, and gene expression revealed contrasting outcomes on cellular behavior following introduction of N131Y or Q104L. The N131Y mutant demonstrated a phenotype akin to common tumor mutants, whereas Q104L clone behavior resembled that of cells with wild-type p53. Wild-type p53 responses were restored in double-mutant cells harboring N131Y and N239Y, a second-site rescue mutation, suggesting that pharmaceutical reactivation of p53 function in tumors expressing N131Y could have therapeutic benefit. N131Y is likely to contribute directly to tumor phenotype and is a promising candidate biomarker of AA exposure and disease. Rare mutations thus do not necessarily point to sites where amino acid exchanges are phenotypically neutral. Encounter with mutagenic insults targeting cryptic sites can reveal specific signature hotspots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam F Odell
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
| | - Luke R Odell
- Division of Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jon M Askham
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Hiba Alogheli
- Division of Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sreenivasan Ponnambalam
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Monica Hollstein
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom; Department C016, German Cancer Research Centre, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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